- LIST WITH THE MOST USED SUFFIXES AND PREFIXES Common Suffixes

Noun Suffixes Suffix Original word agent, current Example Vacancy, pregnancy, privacy Shortage, package, breakage, passage, wreckage, marriage Refusal, arrival, denial maintenance, insurance, attendance, acceptance, resistance preference, existence, reference, independence Assistant, attendant, informant Education, information, declaration Musician, electrician Frequency, urgency, efficiency freedom, kingdom, wisdom Brotherhood, neighborhood, childhood, Employee, appointee, trustee, refugee, payee, licensee Student, correspondent, resident Bribery, slavery, bravery, robbery, bakery trainer, teacher, manager, painter Actress, lioness, goddess agency, currency

-ancy, -ency Vacant, pregnant, -acy -age -al private

Short, pack, break, pass, wreck, marry Refuse, arrive, deny

-ance, -ence Maintain, insure, attend, accept, resist Prefer, exist, refer, independent -ant -ation -cian -cy -dom -hood -ee -ent -ery, -ry -er -ess Assist, attend, inform Educate, inform, declare Music, electricity Frequent, urgent, efficient Free, king, wise Brother, neighbor, child, Employ, appoint, trust, refuge, pay, license Study, correspond, reside Bribe, slave, brave, rob, bake Train, teach, manage, paint (To build feminine gender for some nouns) Actor, lion, god -ing -ion -ism -ist Bless, walk, write, end, advertise Abduct, direct, situate, inspire Common, ideal, human, colonial chemistry

Blessing, walking, writing, ending, advertising Abduction, direction, situation, inspiration Communism, idealism, humanism, colonialism chemist

-ity -ment -ness -or -ship -sion, -tion -th -ty -ure -y

Ferocious, able, stupid, active, real Argue, treat, develop Happy, kind, dark Protect, direct, govern, collect Friend, partner, leader Expand, confuse, divide, revise, transit Wide, long, high, born, dead, grow Safe, cruel, loyal, certain Fail, depart, press, enclose honest, modest, jealous, difficult,

Ferocity, ability, stupidity, activity, reality Argument, treatment, development Happiness, kindness, darkness Protector, director, governor, collector Friendship, partnership, leadership Expansion, confusion, division, revision, transition Width, length, height, birth, death, growth Safety, cruelty, loyalty, certainty Failure, departure, pressure, enclosure honesty, modesty, jealousy, difficulty

Verb Suffixes -ate -en -ify, -fy -ize Different, duplex, imitation, creation tight, light, short, moist Beauty, terror, specific Civilization, terror, fantasy, critic, symbol Differentiate, duplicate, imitate, create tighten, enlighten, shorten, moisten Beautify, terrify, specify Civilize, terrorize, fantasize, criticize, symbolize

Adjective Suffixes -able -al, -ial -ary Present, count Nation, region, option, structure, territory Imagine, unit presentable, countable National, regional, optional, structural, territorial Imaginary, unitary collaborative, decorative, sensitive Marked, terraced, signed Wooden, golden, oaken, silken Different, excellent Beautiful, peaceful, careful mythic, musical, categorical

-ative, -itive collaboration, decoration -ed -en -ent -ful -ic, -ical -ish Mark, terrace, sign Wood, gold, oak, silk Differ, excel Beauty, peace, care myth, music, category

Fever, girl, child, green, Britain, Spain, England Feverish, girlish, childish, greenish, British, Spanish, English

-ive -less

Create, extend, attract (without) end, care, home

Creative, extensive, attractive Endless, careless, homeless

-ous, -eous, adventure , continue, Space, curiosity, danger, adventurous , continuous , Spacious, curious, , dangerous, -ious -wise -y Like, time Ease, hunger, wit Likewise, timewise Easy, hungry, witty

Adverb Suffixes -ably -like -ous -ly -s -st -y Capable, suitable, Child, snake, Courage, right, poison, joy Capably, suitably, Childlike, snake-like Courageous, righteous, poisonous, joyous

Usual, frequent, sudden, friend Usually, frequently, suddenly, friendly, Backward, toward, sometime Among, again, along, mid Mess, stick, Backwards, towards, sometimes, Amongst, against, alongst, midst Messy, sticky,

Common Prefixes
Prefix a-, ananteantiautocircumcocom-, concontradedisMeaning without before against self around with with against off, away from not Example amoral antecedent anticlimax autopilot circumvent copilot companion, contact contradict devalue disappear

enexextraheterohomohyperil-, im-, in-, irininterintramacromicromonononomnipostpre-, prosubsyntranstriununi-

put into out of, former beyond, more than different same over, more not, without into between between large small one not, without all, every after before, forward under same time across three not one

enclose extract, ex-president extracurricular heterosexual homonym hyperactive illegal, immoral, inconsiderate, irresponsible insert intersect intravenous macroeconomics microscope monocle nonentity omniscient postmortem precede, project submarine synchronize transmit tricycle unfinished unicorn