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    The document discusses energy flow through biological systems, specifically how photosynthetic organisms capture energy from the sun to perform endergonic reactions that produce low entropy energy. It then explains how enzymes facilitate these reactions by lowering their activation energy, allowing organisms to harness chemical energy and drive other metabolic processes. Diagrams illustrate exergonic reaction profiles with and without enzymatic catalysis.

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    The document discusses energy flow through biological systems, specifically how photosynthetic organisms capture energy from the sun to perform endergonic reactions that produce low entropy energy. It then explains how enzymes facilitate these reactions by lowering their activation energy, allowing organisms to harness chemical energy and drive other metabolic processes. Diagrams illustrate exergonic reaction profiles with and without enzymatic catalysis.

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    14 views5 pages

    Lecture4 PDF

    Uploaded by

    bdix23
    The document discusses energy flow through biological systems, specifically how photosynthetic organisms capture energy from the sun to perform endergonic reactions that produce low entropy energy. It then explains how enzymes facilitate these reactions by lowering their activation energy, allowing organisms to harness chemical energy and drive other metabolic processes. Diagrams illustrate exergonic reaction profiles with and without enzymatic catalysis.

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    of 5

    Lecture 4: Energy & Enzymes

    Energy flow throught the biosphere

    The Sun

    High entropy energy

    Low entropy energy

    !G<0

    Photosynthetic Organisms

    High entropy energy

    Low entropy energy

    !G<0

    Other Organisms

    High entropy energy

    Fig. 4-9

    Free energy is the energy available to do work

    !G = !H -T!S

    Contributions of enthalpy and entropy

    1. Fermentation of glucose to ethanol C6H12O6 (s) 2 C5H5OH (l) + CO2 (g)

    2. Melting of ice H2O (l) H2O (g)

    Enzymes

    Exergonic reaction energy profile

    Enzyme structure & catalysis

    E + S

    ES

    E + P

    But how do enzymes lower EA?

    Enzymes & Growth rate

    How is the tertinary sturcture of enzymes different among these four types of organisms?

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