Elements and the Periodic Table

Table of Contents Introduction to Atoms Organizing the Elements Metals Nonmetals and Metalloids Radioactive Elements

Introduction to Atoms
Daltons Model Dalton thought that atoms were smooth hard balls!

Introduction to Atoms
Thomsons Model Thomson suggested that atoms had negativel" charged electrons set in a #ositive s#here! Each electron is re#resented b" the s"mbol e!

Introduction to Atoms
Rutherfords Gold Foil Experiment Rutherford was sur#rised that a few #articles were deflected strongl"! $hich are the #aths of the #articles that were not #redicted b" Thomson%s atomic model&

Introduction to Atoms
Rutherfords Model According to Rutherford%s model an atom was mostl" o#en s#ace! The '()* in the model means that there are si+ #rotons in the nucleus!

Introduction to Atoms
,se the diagrams to com#are the e+#ected and observed results of Rutherford%s gold foil e+#eriment!

Introduction to Atoms
Bohrs Model Niels -ohr suggested that electrons move in s#ecific orbits around the nucleus of an atom!

Introduction to Atoms
loud Model Electrons move ra#idl" in different directions around the nucleus!

Introduction to Atoms
Modern Model of an Atom A carbon atom has a nucleus made u# of #ositivel" charged #rotons and neutral neutrons! The nucleus is surrounded b" a cloud of negativel" charged electrons!

Introduction to Atoms
Particles in an Atom An atom is made u# of #rotons neutrons and electrons! $hat is the correct charge for each atomic #article&

Introduction to Atoms
Isotopes of arbon All isoto#es of carbon contain ( #rotons! The" differ in the number of neutrons! $hat is the missing information for each isoto#e&

"r#ani$in# the Elements

Mendelee!s Periodic Table In his #eriodic table Mendeleev left blan. s#aces! /e #redicted that the blan. s#aces would be filled b" elements that had not "et been discovered! /e even correctl" #redicted the #ro#erties of those new elements!

"r#ani$in# the Elements

%ilicon The entr" for silicon 01i2 in the #eriodic table loo.s li.e this!

"r#ani$in# the Elements

Potassium 3otassium has an atomic number of 45 and an atomic mass of 65!758 amu! -ananas are rich in #otassium!

"r#ani$in# the Elements

The Periodic Table The #eriodic table is one of the most valuable tools to a chemist!

"r#ani$in# the Elements

Elements of Period & The #ro#erties of the 3eriod 6 elements change as "ou move across the #eriod! $hich of these are Metal& Metalloid& Nonmetal&

"r#ani$in# the Elements

Element %cramble

"r#ani$in# the Elements

Elements of Group '( The elements of 9rou# 47 include nic.el 0Ni2 #alladium 03d2 #latinum 03t2 and darmstadtium 0Ds2!

Metals
Rec)clin# Metals Rec"cling hel#s conserve energ" and reduces the amount of waste in landfills!

Metals
Metals Man" of the ob:ects around "ou contain metals! $hat are the ob:ects that will set off the metal detector&

Metals
lassif)in# Metals $here are the al.ali metals and the al.aline earth metals on the #eriodic table&

Metals
Meltin# Points in a Group of Elements The gra#h shows the melting #oints of the 9rou# 4 elements or the al.ali metals!

Metals
lassif)in# Metals $here are the transition metals and the lanthanides and actinides on the #eriodic table&

*onmetals and Metalloids

Properties of Metals and *onmetals $hat are the #ro#erties of metals and nonmetals&

*onmetals and Metalloids

The Families ontainin# *onmetals

*onmetals and Metalloids

lassif)in# *onmetals $here are the nonmetals in 9rou# 4; and 9rou# 4< on the #eriodic table&

*onmetals and Metalloids

lassif)in# *onmetals $here are the nonmetals in 9rou# 4( and 9rou# 4= on the #eriodic table&

*onmetals and Metalloids

lassif)in# *onmetals $here are the noble gases and h"drogen on the #eriodic table&

*onmetals and Metalloids

lassif)in# Metalloids $here are the metalloids on the #eriodic table&

*onmetals and Metalloids

Portion of the Periodic Table $hat are the chemical s"mbols of the nonmetals& /ow are the remaining elements classified&

*onmetals and Metalloids

Alien Periodic Table $here do the alien names go on the #eriodic table&

Radioacti!e Elements

Tr)in# to Turn +ead Into Gold $hat are the #oints in >uc"?s argument&

Radioacti!e Elements
Radioacti!e Deca) Radioactive elements give off #articles and energ" during radioactive deca"! $hat is the change 0if an"2 that occurs in an unstable nucleus during each form of radioactive deca"&

Radioacti!e Elements
The Effects of *uclear Radiation The three main t"#es of nuclear radiation var" in their abilit" to #enetrate materials! ,se the .e" to com#lete the #aths of the al#ha #article beta #article and gamma ra" emitted b" the radioactive sam#le!

Radioacti!e Elements
,alf-+i!es of %ome Radioacti!e Isotopes

Radioacti!e Elements
Radioacti!e Tracers 3hos#horus@6A added to soil is absorbed through a #lant%s roots! The tracer can be detected in an" #lant structures in which #hos#horus is used! $hat is ha##ening in each figure&