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  • Cardiac Contraction: Transverse (T) Tubule: Enables Conduction of Action Potential To Interior of Muscle Cell

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    Michael Hii
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    Cardiac contractions are caused by an influx of calcium into heart muscle cells from outside the cell and from internal stores. This calcium enables the protein myosin to bind to actin, causing the muscle to contract. The amount of blood pumped out with each contraction, known as the stroke volume, must match the amount returning to the heart. According to the Frank-Starling law, the force of contraction increases when the heart muscle is stretched more at the end of filling. There are two main types of heart failure: systolic, affecting contraction; and diastolic, affecting relaxation and filling. While sympathetic stimulation helps regulate function, proper function cannot be maintained without other factors.

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    Cardiac Contraction

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    Cardiac Contraction

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    Cardiac contractions are caused by an influx of calcium into heart muscle cells from outside the cell and from internal stores. This calcium enables the protein myosin to bind to actin, causing the muscle to contract. The amount of blood pumped out with each contraction, known as the stroke volume, must match the amount returning to the heart. According to the Frank-Starling law, the force of contraction increases when the heart muscle is stretched more at the end of filling. There are two main types of heart failure: systolic, affecting contraction; and diastolic, affecting relaxation and filling. While sympathetic stimulation helps regulate function, proper function cannot be maintained without other factors.

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    12 views2 pages

    Cardiac Contraction: Transverse (T) Tubule: Enables Conduction of Action Potential To Interior of Muscle Cell

    Uploaded by

    Michael Hii
    Cardiac contractions are caused by an influx of calcium into heart muscle cells from outside the cell and from internal stores. This calcium enables the protein myosin to bind to actin, causing the muscle to contract. The amount of blood pumped out with each contraction, known as the stroke volume, must match the amount returning to the heart. According to the Frank-Starling law, the force of contraction increases when the heart muscle is stretched more at the end of filling. There are two main types of heart failure: systolic, affecting contraction; and diastolic, affecting relaxation and filling. While sympathetic stimulation helps regulate function, proper function cannot be maintained without other factors.

    Copyright:

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Cardiac Contraction

    Monday, 19 March 2012 3:09 PM

    Cardiac Co...

    Contractions are caused by an influx of calcium to the interior of the cell The heart requires ionic calcium in the extracellular environment, in order to contract (in addition to calcium from internal stores). Calcium influx from the exterior of the cell causes calcium to be released from the interior of the cell (from the sarcoplasmic reticulum). Calcium enables myosin bind to actin (troponin and tropomyosin are detached). ATP is used to detach myosin from actin (hence lack of ATP, due to death, causes rigor mortis). Transverse (T) tubule: enables conduction of action potential to interior of muscle cell

    Calcium-induced calcium release L-Type Calcium Channel

    Calcium release channels

    Stroke Volume: the volume of blood pumped in one beat The output of the heart from the left ventricle must match that of the right ventricle (output must match input). Frank-Starling Law Hence the force of contraction of the heart increases when end-diastolic pressure and volume is
    Case Based Learning Page 1

    Hence the force of contraction of the heart increases when end-diastolic pressure and volume is increased, i.e. muscle is stretched. (may be due to increased venous return to the heart) Types of Heart Failure: Systolic Diastolic

    Sympathetic stimulation assists in maintaining proper cardiac function, however proper function is not completely attainable.

    Case Based Learning Page 2

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