3.

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3. PRINCIPLES OF OPTIMUM DETECTION This section establishes the core principles for detection of digital signals.

o The discussion at this point is confined to one-shot signals, in which a symbol carrying one or more bits can be detected separately from any other transmitted symbols. However, the approach extends readily to more general situations.

o Discussion of specific signal sets, multiuser interference, intersymbol interference, signals with memory is in later sections.

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3.1 One-shot Signal and Noise Models The one shot or isolated pulse transmission model is simple:.

o The transmitter sends one of a finite number M of possible signals

sm (t ), m = 1, , M , in order to transmit log 2 ( M ) bits.

o The set of signals may occupy N dimensions, so the individual signals are points or vectors in that space.

o Usually white noise with PSD N 0 ( N 0 2 in real and imaginary components) but well see a simple modification for coloured noise a little later.

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Some examples:

o Single pulse shape, multiple amplitudes or phases

o Alternative pulse shapes

o Multiple pulse shapes, multiple amplitudes or phases

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This one-shot model does not at this point include:

o Multiple interfering users

o An infinite sequence of interfering symbols This is OK non-interfering sequence of one-shots

This is not OK overlapping and interfering symbols

But a sequence of overlapping symbols is in the model if successive symbol pulses are orthogonal (e.g., Nyquist pulses)

sum ==>

o However, we can stretch the one-shot model to deal with these situations in later sections.