Terms

LECTURE EIGHT Welds

http://www.team.net/www/shop-talk/weldintro.html

Soldering: Bonding by melting a soft metal to the surface of pieces to be joined. Low temperature. Good for joining dis-similar materials. Most common solders are lead-tin alloys. Tinning: A soldering process, where the surface of a metal is coated with solder. Leading A form of soldering, solder is used to fill in the surface of metal. Brazing: Similar to soldering, but uses a higher temperature to fuse the filler metal to the work pieces. Stronger bond. (Includes "Silver Soldering") Work heated to pre-melt temperatures. Welding: Joining 2 similar work pieces by melting them together, usually with an additional filler rod of some sort to take up space. Materials must be similar. Cutting: Work is heated to melting point and beyond, and "cut" by oxidizing metal. (Literally burning it away). Shield: A barrier to keep oxygen away from heated work to prevent oxidation. Includes chemical coatings called flux (liquids, pastes, solids, which may be vaporized into a barrier gas when heated), and inert gasses. Oxidation of the surfaces will prevent proper bonding of the metals.

Welding
Welding is a very efficient way of joining metals Welding is labour intensive In a welded structure subject to fluctuating loads, the strength of the welds determine the strength of the structure It is important to select the right weld type for the right job

Common Weld Types

Partial Penetration Welds

Full Penetration Welds

One-sided Butt Weld

One-sided Butt Weld

Plate preparation

Backing Bar Plate preparation

Double-Sided Butt Weld

Fillet Weld

Double-sided full-penetration Butt Weld

Dry Joint

Plate preparation

Basic Weld Design Objectives

Will perform its intended function Will have the desired reliability & safety Is capable of being constructed

Material Strength

Select common steels

Grade250 and Grade350

fabricated inspected transported assembled

Weld fatigue strength does not increase with yield strength of steel

Do not use high-strength steels with cyclical loads

Has minimum cost

Carbon Content

Welding Symbols

Use steel grades with lowest carbonequivalent

Steels with CE < 0.35 can be welded with any electrode type and with any process Steels with CE > 0.5 need special care

Carbon Equivalent (CE) = C% + Mn%/6

preheating post-weld heat treatment

Welding Symbols in Solid Edge

Welding Symbols
AS1101.2 is the reference for welding symbols

Welding Symbols
A

Welding Symbols

A Arrow Side V-Butt Symbol

SECTION A-A

Welding Symbols

Welding Symbols

Welding Symbols

Welding Symbols

Welding Symbols

Position of the Weld

6

50-100 50 100

Welding Procedures
Normally undertaken to a relevant standard by a CERTIFIED WELDER Processes includes various items as pre/post heat weld preparations Filler specifications Post weld inspection x-ray, NDT Etc.
WPS-FC-6 All position Flux-core on A36 plate using E71T-8 without gas coverage. WPS-GTAW-2 All position Tig on A240(304L) plate using ER308L with 100% Argon. WPS-GTAW-2F All position dual process (Tig root/flux-core fill) on A240(304L) plate. WPS-GTAW-2S All position dual process (Tig root/stick fill) on A240(304L) plate. WPS-GTAW-3 All position Tig on A240(316L) plate using ER316L with 100% Argon. WPS-GTAW-3F All position dual process (Tig root/flux-core fill) on A240(316L) plate.

Think of Fabrication

Think of Fabrication

Who is going to do it?