INDEX

CONTENTS

PAGE NO.

TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
DECLARATION
INDEX...i
LIST OF FIGURES.....iii
ABSTRACT.....1

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION.....2

CHAPTER 2
HVDC & HVAC
2.1
2.2
2.3

HVDC TRANSMISSION...6
ADVANTAGES OF HVDC OVER HVAC TRANSMISSION....8
MERIT-DEMERIT OF HVDC OVER HVAC TRANSMISSION...11

CHAPTER 3
PROBLEMS WITH HVAC TRANSMISSION
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4

SKIN EFFECT OF HVAC:....13

CORONA LOSSES IN HVAC &HVDC SYSTEM ........14
FERRANTI EFFECT OF HVDC..19
THERMAL LIMIT OF HVAC 20

CHAPTER 4
HVDC IN INDIA...21
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CHAPTER 5
HVDC POWER TRANSMISSION
5.1

COMPARISONS OF AC & DC TRANSMISSION..23

5.1.1

ECONOMICS OF POWER TRANSMISSION.23

5.1.2 TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE

5.1.2.1VOLTAGE & POWER CONTROL.26
5.1.2.2 TRANSIENT ANALYSIS OF THE POWER CONVERTER30
5.1.2.3RELIABILITY OF HVDC....31

CHAPTER 6
HUGE APPLICATIONS OF DC TRANSMISSION...32

CHAPTER 7
WEAKNESS OF HVDC TRANSMISSION.....34

CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSION..35

REFERENCES...36

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LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE. NO.

PAGE. NO.

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of a typical HVDC converter Station. 6

Fig. 2 Basic concept of HVDC12
Fig. 3 skin effect .........13
Fig. 4 . Ferranti Effect of Transmission line19
Fig .5. HVDC and HVAC Transmission systems cost 25
Fig.6. Variation of voltage along the lines26
Fig. 7.HVDC Converter Topology ..27
Fig. 8 Simulated waveforms of the Rectifier side....30
Fig. 9 Simulated waveforms of the Converter side..30

LIST OF TABLES
TABLE I : voltage rating and power capacity..5
TABLE II : List of HVDC Projects in India.21
TABLE III: D.C. System costs as a percentage of total project costs....24

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