Rate of Reaction The rate of reaction is determined from experimental results.

Reaction rates cannot be determined from a chemical equation. Experiments used to obtain rate data include: Titrations pH Measurement Colorimetry The rate of reaction is usually determined by the change in concentration of a reaction species with time Units of rate = mol dm-3 s-1 General Rate Equation Reaction = A+B C Rate Equation = k[A]m[B]n In the rate equation, m and n are the orders of reaction with respect to A and B and m plus n will equal the overall order of reaction. K is the rate constant (which is only changed by a difference in temperature). If K has a high value, the rate of reaction will be quick. If K has a low value, the rate of reaction will be slow. Orders of Reaction The reaction: A+B+C Products The order of the reaction shows how reaction rate is affected by the concentrations of the reactants. If A had the order of 0, its concentration would not affect the rate of reaction. If B had the order of 1, its concentration is proportional to the rate of reaction. Double concentration = double rate If C had the order of 2, its concentration is differently proportional to the rate of reaction. Double concentration = quadruple rate Triple concentration = 9x rate

Rate Constant Using the previous data and equation, rate = k[X]2[Y], we can rearrange the equation and put in the values of the initial rate to calculate K. 1. Rearrange Equation k = rate/[X]2[Y] 2. Put in values from experimental data k = 2.0 x 10-2/[2.0 x 10-3]2[1.0 x 10-2] 3. Calculate answer k = 500 mol-6 dm6 s-1