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Bridgman Tables X
Bridgman Tables X
1. For example, we want to calculate the change in entropy for an isothermal expansion. Then S we want . V T Assume we have a pressure explicit equation of state. Since temperature is constant, we go to the Temperature Section (Section II.) of the volume explicit equation of state Tables. There, we find: 1. 3. (V )T = (T )V = 1 p (S)T = (T )S = T V
So our derivative is p (S)T T S p = V = = 1 V T (V )T T V So, for example, if our particular pressure-explicit equation of state is the van der Waals equation of state, then we have: P= RT a 2 V b V
RT a 2 p V b V = R = T V b T V V so the entropy change due to an isothermal expansion of a van der Waals gas is R S = V T V b
S 2. We again want to calculate the change in entropy for an isothermal expansion, . V T Assume we have a volume explicit equation of state. Since temperature is constant, we go to the Temperature Section (Section II.) of the volume explicit equation of state Tables. There, we find: 1. V (V )T = (T)V = p T V (S)T = (T)S = T p
3.
So our derivative is V (S)T T p S = = V V T (V )T p T So, for example, if our particular volume-explicit equation of state is the volume-explicit virial equation of state , truncated after three terms: V= T B C R + + 2 P P P
1 B C V = R + + 2 P P T p P V B C R = T P2 + 2 P3 + 3 P 4 p T 1 B C R + + 2 S P P P = V T T R + 2 B + 3 C 2 P3 P4 P