43

II
II.A,
1. ,
.
2. :,,...
,
..[m],[cm]...

.
3. ,
..[m2],[cm2]...

(
).

.
4. ,
..[m3],[cm3]...

(
).

II.
II..1

()(.."")
.
:
.,
.,
.180.
:
. 90.
. 90.
..

44

II..2
1. a:

L=4a

2. a:

P=a2

:
:
1. a=5m L = 4a = 4 5m =20m P = a 2 =25m2 .

3.
4.

( 2 ) =2.
a = 4 2 L = 4 4 2 =16 2 P = ( 4 2 ) = 16 2 =32 .
a = 4 L = 4 4 =4 4 P = ( 4 ) = 4 = 16 =2 2.

2. a = 2

L =4 2 P =

:.
1.a=4m

2.a=2,5cm

:1.L=16mP=16m2

3.1.783km.
2.L=10cmP=6,25cm2

3.L=7.132kmP=3,179km2 .

:
I.
II.
III.
IV.

45

IIII
,IV
.

: a 2 + a 2 = d 2 d = 2 a a =

:.
1. d=?, a = 2 d = 2 2 =2 .

d
d 2
=
2
2

45

2. a=?, d = 4 a =

4
4 2
4 2
=
=
= 2 2 .
2
2
2 2

3. P = ? , d = 4 a = 2 2 P = a 2 = 2 2
4. P = ? , d = 3 2 a =

) = 4 2 =8 .

3 2
= 3 P = a 2 = 32 =9 .
2

II..3

1. b: L = 2(a +b )
2. b: P = a b

:
:
1. a = 7 [m], b = 2 7 [m]
L = 2(a + b ) = 2

) (

7 + 2 7 = 2 3 7 =6 7 [m ]

P = ab = 7 2 7 = 2 7 =14 [m 2] .

2. a = 21 [mm], b =
P=

1
1

[mm] L = 2 21 +
[mm ]
3
3

21
21 3
21 3
=
=
= 7 3 [mm2] .
3
3
3 3

:
:
1. a = 4 [m] , b =5 [m ]. L=?,P=?
2. a = 3[cm], b =4 3 [cm].L=?,P=?
:1.L=18 [m],P=20[m2].2.L= 10 3 [cm],P=12[cm2].

46

. I,II,
IIIIV,IV,..
IV..
:b,a=21[cm] d=2[m].
: d,
,.. d
.,
.
:a =21[cm] d =2[m]=200[cm].
: a 2 + b 2 =d 2 212 + b2 =2002 .
441 + b 2 =40000
b 2 = 40000 -441
b 2 =39559
b = 39559 198.89 199[cm].

II..4

1. b: L = 2(a +b )
2. h: P = a h

*,: P = a b sina

47

::
1. a = 50 [cm] , h =0,5 [m] .
: ,h:
h = 0,5 [m] =50 [cm] .
P = ah = 50 50 =2500 [cm 2].
2.* a = 50 [cm] , b = 30 [cm] , a = 30 .
:
.
P = ab sin a = 50 30 sin 30 = 50 30 0,5 =750 [cm 2] .
::
1. a = 50 [cm] , h =1, 2 [m].*2. a = 20 [cm] , b = 80 [cm] , a = 45 .
:1.P=0,6[m2] .

2.P=113,137[cm2].

II..5
:

= b,:
1. ot : L =4a
2.oth: P = a h
I,II III
,..
:
I.
II.
III.
.

48

:=2 [mm],h=4[cm].
:, h: =2 [mm],h=40[mm].
: L=42=8[mm] P=240=80[mm2].

II.B

1. ,bc :

L = a + b +c

2. h: P =
,bc:
1
P = s ( s - a )( s - b)( s -c ) s = ( a + b +c )
2
.
: :
1.P = ? , a = 35 [cm] , h =0, 2 [cm] .
1
: P = 35 0, 2 = 35 0,1 =3,5 [ cm 2]
2
2. P = ?, a = 25[cm], b = 23,34 [cm], c =37,88 [cm ].
1
1
: s = (25 + 23, 34 + 37,88) = 86, 22 =43,11 [cm].
2
2
P= 43,11 (43,11 - 25)(43,11 - 23,34)(43,11 - 37,88) =
= 43,11 18,11 19, 77 5, 23 = 80724, 40 =284,1 [cm 2]
::
1. P = ? , a = 2,5 [cm ] , h =10 [cm ] .
2. P = ?, a = 15,25[mm ], b = 13, 45 [mm], c =22 [mm].

ah
2

49

:1.P=7,5[cm2]

2.s= 25,35[mm],P=101,023[mm2].

II.
.

1.,b,cd : L = a + b + c +d
( a + b)
2.bh: P = h
2

: P = ? , a = 31 [cm ] , b = 10,3 [cm], h =36,5 [cm] .

: P = 36,5

31 + 10, 3
=753,73 [cm2].
2

: P = ? , a = 21, 2 [cm] , b = 15,7 [cm], h =22,5 [cm ]

: P=415,125[cm2]

II.E

:
r=
d =, d=2r
II.E.1()

.
O=2pr= pd

50

::
1. r =25 [cm] O=2pr=23,141625=157,08[cm].
2. d = 2 [m] O= pd=3,1416 2 =4,443[m].
::
1. r =15 [mm].

2. d = 3 [cm].

:1.O=94,248[mm]

2.O=5,441[cm]

II.E.2
P =p r 2
::
1. r =25 [cm] P= pr2 =3,1416(25)2 = 1963,5 [cm2].
2

2
2
d
2. d = 2 [m] P= pr = p =3,1416
=
2
2
2
1
3,1416 = 3,1416 =1,571[m2].
4
2
::
1. r =15 [mm].
2. d = 3 [cm].
: P=706,86[mm2]
2.P=2,356[cm2]

II.E.3

a.

.
,,..
.:
360o = 2p ()

:
a
L = 2p r
a L = r a a .
360o

::
40
1. r = 23 [cm ], a = 40 L = 2p 23
= 46p 0,111 = 16 [cm ] .
360
: L ,.
::
1. r = 23 [cm], a = 120 .

51

:48 [cm].
II.E.4

r a e:
P = p r 2

P =

a r2
2

a
360o

a .

::
1. r = 23 [cm], a = 40

P = p ( 23)

40
= 529p 0,111 = 184,5 [ cm 2] .
360

II.,,
() :

V=a3

() ,b c e:

V=abc

52

::
1. =2,72[cm], b=134,2[mm], c=0,2[m]
,,bc:
=2,72[cm], b=13,42[cm], c=20[cm]
V=abc=2,7213,4220=730,048[cm3].
()Bh:

V=PBh V=pr2h
h

PB B,
PB= pr2
r
::
1.r=2,5[cm], h=10[cm].
: PB = pr2 = p6,25=19,635[cm2].
V=PBh=19,63510=196,35[cm3].