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Analisis Soalan UPSR 2010 - 2012
Analisis Soalan UPSR 2010 - 2012
Analisis 2010
03
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Aras kesukaran Aras kesukaran soalan-soalan yang dikemukakan pada tahun 2009 ini boleh dikategorikan sebagai sederhana. Berdasarkan maklum balas yang dikumpulkan daripada calon-calon UPSR yang telah menduduki kertas ini, kita dapati kebanyakan mereka menyatakan soalan-soalan adalah sederhana walaupun terdapat beberapa soalan mengelirukan. Seterusnya, bagi bahagian Pemahaman (Membaca dan Memahami) pula, dua buah petikan yang dikemukakan agak panjang jika dibandingkan dengan petikan pada tahun 2008. Setiap petikan mengandung antara 120 hingga 150 patah perkataan. Petikan pertama berbentuk rencana tentang Pelancaran Tahun Melawat Malaysia 2007. Petikan kedua pula berbentuk syarahan tentang Kebersihan Sekolah Tanggungjawab Bersama. Soalan-soalan yang mengikuti kedua-dua petikan pula tidak terlalu sukar dan jawapan mudah dikesan dalam petikan. Namun demikian, calon perlu lebih teliti ketika membaca petikan dan ketika menjawab soalan-soalan yang mengikutinya. (A) Bahagian Kemahiran Berbahasa (Tatabahasa) Soalan 1 - 19 Pada tahun 2009, Soalan 1 hingga Soalan 19 memerlukan calon mengisi tempat kosong dengan jawapan yang paling sesuai. Bagi bahagian ini, beberapa soalan tidak dikemukakan, iaitu Kata Nama, Kata Nafi, Kata Penegas dan Kata Pemeri. Sebaliknya soalansoalan tentang Kata Kerja, Kata Adjektif, Kata Ganda dan Kata Majmuk lebih banyak dikemukakan. Jika diteliti, pilihan jawapan yang diberikan untuk soalansoalan seperti Kata Kerja dan Kata Adjektif adalah hampir-hampir sama maknanya. Kemungkinan sekiranya calon kurang teliti atau kurang menguasai kosa kata Bahasa Melayu menghadapi kesukaran menjawab soalan ini. Contoh: (Soalan 4 - Kata Kerja) 4 Keluarga saya telah ______ di kampung ini sejak lima tahun yang lalu. A bermastautin C bernaung B berziarah D bertukar
Soalan 31 - 35 (Petikan 1) Petikan yang dikemukakan berbentuk rencana. Petikan ini menerangkan tentang Pelancaran Tahun Melawat Malaysia (TMM) 2007 oleh Perdana Menteri di Taman Tasik Titiwangsa. Soalan 31, 32 dan 33 agak mudah dan murid boleh memperoleh jawapan terus di dalam petikan. Soalan 34 pula memerlukan murid memahami keseluruhan petikan dan memilih maklumat tidak benar berdasarkan petikan. Soalan 35 pula memerlukan murid mencari maksud rangkai kata yang terdapat dalam petikan. Soalan 36 - 40 (Petikan 2) Petikan ini berupa sebuah syarahan yang bertajuk Kebersihan Sekolah Tanggungjawab Bersama. Petikan ini menerangkan tentang peranan dan tanggungjawab . Soalan-soalan yang mengikuti petikan ini juga mudah untuk dijawab. Soalan 36, 37 dan 38, jawapannya boleh diperoleh dalam petikan. Soalan 39 memerlukan murid memilih tujuan utama murid-murid dilibatkan dalam penjagaan kebersihan di sekolah berdasarkan petikan. Sementara soalan 40 sekali lagi menguji kosa kata murid juga. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan analisis yang dibuat, dapatlah kita rumuskan bahawa soalan Bahasa Melayu Pemahaman 2009, memerlukan calon lebih bersedia menguasai kosa kata yang pelbagai dan tidak semestinya hanya yang tersenarai dalam Sukatan Pelajaran Bahasa Melayu Tahun 6 sahaja. Sebaliknya, murid perlu menambah kemahiran kosa kata dengan lebih banyak membaca akhbar, majalah atau buku-buku.
30 Ogos - 5 Sep 10 Latihan Pengukuhan: Kata Kerja/Kata Ganti Nama Dri/Kata Sendi dan Ucapan 6 - 12 Sep 10 Latihan Pengukuhan: Kata Adjektif/ Penjodoh Bilangan/Imbuhan dan Fakta Soalan Seiras UPSR
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Jawapan paling tepat untuk soalan ini ialah A (bermastautin) kerana kata ini bermaksud menetap atau tinggal di sesuatu tempat. Kata berziarah bermaksud melawat atau mengunjungi, bernaung pula bermaksud berlindung, sementara bertukar kurang sesuai kerana kata sendi selepasnya ialah di, bukannya ke.
803
13 - 19 Sep 10
804 805
Latihan (Kata Kerja dan Catatan) Latihan (Kata Adjektif dan Jadual)
04
BAHASA MELAYU (Penulisan)
Oleh Cikgu Faiz
BAHAGIAN A Dalam bahagian ini, murid-murid dikehendaki membina lima ayat yang berkaitan gambar yang diberi. Berikut ialah analisis soalan bahagian A: * Bentuk gambar - Gambar tunggal * Kunci soalan - Aktiviti * Lokasi gambar - Taman flora dan fauna Soalan bahagian A UPSR tahun 2009 boleh dikatakan sederhana arasnya. Semua murid pernah pergi ke taman sama ada di sekolah atau di tempat lain. Soalan tahun 2009 menunjukkan sekumpulan murid bergotong-royong membersihkan taman. Kunci soalan ialah aktiviti. Lantaran itu, ayat yang dibina mestilah mempunyai kata kerja bagi menunjukkan aktiviti. Antara kata kerja yang terdapat dalam gambar tersebut ialah: * menabur (seorang murid perempuan) * mencabut (seorang murid perempuan) * menyiram (seorang murid lelaki) Terdapat calon yang tersilap menggunakan kosa kata. Contohnya Dua orang murid sedang membuang sampah ke dalam tong sampah menggunakan bakul. Kosa kata yang tepat bagi bakul ialah pongkes. Begitu juga dengan ayat Dua orang murid berbual-bual sambil melihat burung di dalam kandang. Kosa kata yang tepat bagi kandang ialah sangkar. Soalan seiras: Tulis lima ayat yang lengkap tentang aktiviti yang terdapat dalam gambar di bawah.
Analisis Soalan UPSR 2009 Pengenalan Kertas Bahagian B: Dialog Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B: Catatan DIDIK DIJANGKA TIDAK DITERBITKAN (TERTAKLUK PADA PERUBAHAN) Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B: Cerita Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B: Fakta Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B: Surat Kiriman Rasmi Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B: Surat Kiriman Tidak Rasmi Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B: Laporan Ujian Percubaan 1 (Bahasa Melayu dan Mathematics) Ujian Percubaan 1 (Bahasa Inggeris dan Science) Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B: Berita Ujian Percubaan 2 (Bahasa Melayu dan Mathematics) Ujian Percubaan 2 (Bahasa Inggeris dan Science) Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B: Ucapan Bahagian A dan C Ujian Percubaan 3 (Bahasa Melayu dan Mathematics) Ujian Percubaan 3 (Bahasa Inggeris dan Science) Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B: Syarahan
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BAHAGIAN B Dalam bahagian ini, murid-murid dikehendaki menulis sebuah karangan dengan memilih salah satu daripada tiga soalan yang diberi. Soalan 1 Soalan ini meminta murid menyudahkan sebuah cerita yang berakhir dengan ayat telah diberi. Berikut ialah analisis soalan 1 Bahagian B: * Kunci soalan - Rakan-rakan mengucapkan tahniah kepadaku. * Kehendak soalan - Tulis sebuah cerita * Jenis karangan - Cerita (tidak berformat) Calon bebas menulis pelbagai cerita yang bersesuaian. Calon tidak boleh menambah atau mengurangkan rangkai kata yang diberi. Berdasarkan kunci soalan, murid-murid mestilah menulis tentang kejayaan murid-murid dalam sesuatu pertandingan yang disertai dan akhirnya mencapai kejayaan. Antara pertandingan yang boleh dipilih ialah: * Pertandingan pidato * Pertandingan syarahan * Pertandingan lumba lari Contoh idea-idea yang boleh ditulis ialah: * Pendahuluan - Terpilih mewakili sekolah dalam pertandingan pidato - Berjanji akan berusaha untuk berjaya * Idea 1 - Menyediakan jadual latihan * Idea 2 - Hari pertandingan berasa gugup
BAHAGIAN C Dalam Bahagian C, calon dikehendaki mengulas lima nilai yang diperoleh daripada petikan yang diberi. Jawapan yang ditulis mestilah dalam satu perenggan dan bilangan patah perkataan mengikut arahan. Pada tahun 2009, bahan rangsangan yang diuji agak berlainan kerana memaparkan cerita binatang. Cerita binatang yang diajukan ialah tentang cerita Sang Semut dan Sang Merbuk yang saling menolong antara satu sama lain. Antara nilai yang terdapat dalam petikan soalan ialah: * Bersungguh-sungguh * Bersedia * Rajin * Menolong * Berbudi * Menghargai Calon perlu menukar watak binatang dalam petikan dengan menyatakan nilai yang perlu kita amalkan. Jawapan yang dicadangkan ialah seperti berikut: Antara nilai yang terdapat dalam petikan ialah sikap rajin untuk menjamin kesejahteraan hidup seperti Sang Semut yang sering mencari makanan. Seterusnya ialah sikap berusaha dengan bersungguhsungguh apabila melakukan sesuatu pekerjaan agar berjaya. Nilai murni seterusnya ialah berhati-hati apabila melakukan sesuatu agar tidak ditimpa kecelakaan. Sikap tolong-menolong juga penting dalam kehidupan kita agar orang juga menolong kita nanti. Akhir sekali, sikap berbudi bahasa dengan menghargai pertolongan orang kepada kita dengan mengucapkan terima kasih. Soalan seiras: Tulis lima nilai yang dapat kamu peroleh daripada petikan di bawah.
9 - 15 Ogos 16 - 22 Ogos 23 - 29 Ogos 30 Ogos - 5 Sep 6 - 12 Sep 13 - 19 Sep 20 - 26 Sep 27 Sep - 3 Okt
Bahagian A dan C Ujian Percubaan 4 (Bahasa Melayu dan Mathematics) Ujian Percubaan 4 (Bahasa Inggeris dan Science) Ujian Seiras 1 Ujian Seiras 2 Tahun 4: Latihan Bahagian A Tahun 5: Latihan Bahagian A Tahun 4: Latihan Bahagian B
05
The 2009 English UPSR paper was basically at par with the standard of the pupils. There were questions at all levels of difficulty. Thus, this has helped pupils with average competency to get good results. Unlike the 2008 paper, Paper 1 wasnt divided into sections. The questions were divided according to numbers. Questions 1 - 4 were mainly on adverb, clothes, verb and homes of animals. The questions were direct and pupils should be able to answer them correctly. Questions 5 - 7 were on planting tomatoes in flower pots. Most pupils answered these questions correctly. Various situations were given in questions 8 to 10. The questions were rather direct and pupils shouldnt have any problem answering them. Questions 11 - 15 were on everyday situations that happened around the pupils. The functions that were tested were to express gratitude, to offer assistance, to decline and to inform. They should be able to answer all these questions easily. Questions 16 - 20 were mostly on grammar items. Pupils were assessed on articles, verb to be, preposition conjunctions, subject and verb agreement. Question 21 tested pupils on antonyms. Questions 22 and 23 which tested pupils on spelling were on insects and indoor games. Although the words were simple and easy, pupils need to be cautious when selecting the correct answer as they need to select the option that has the correct spelling. Questions 24 and 25 were on punctuation. The questions tested pupils on the use of exclamation mark and question mark. The cloze passage (questions 26 - 30) was about an incident at an orchard. The questions tested the pupils grammar skills and vocabulary. The questions were on noun (place, parts of body, and parts of a tree) verb, and subject and verb agreement. Questions 31 - 40 tested the pupils reading and comprehension skills. Pupils were given two passages, a linear and a non-linear. The linear passage (questions 36 - 40) was on a non-formal letter while the non-linear (questions 31 - 35) was on the process of making a vase using clay. Pupils were tested on a variety of reading skills; specific information, predicting outcomes, cause and effect relationships, drawing conclusions, inference and also vocabulary. Overall, Paper 1 was not too difficult although there were a few questions that require pupils to think carefully. The questions were a mixture of easy, moderate and difficult. Most pupils had no problem in answering the questions in this paper. In Paper 2, pupils were tested based on three questions in sections A, B and C. In Section A, pupils were tested on their ability to construct sentences with the helping words given based on the picture. The situation given was painting a mural on the wall. The sentences should be based on what the people in picture are doing. Pupils were required to write sentences about the situation in the picture. They must not make any assumption but write what they see in the given picture. Some pupils couldnt identify the activity that was going on. Using the exact words to describe the activities would be an advantage. In Section B, pupils needed to choose the toy that they want to buy as a birthday present: the singing doll, the talking dictionary or the dancing elephant. With the information, pupils were required to fill in the grids in part (A). Then they have to write a short paragraph on why they chose the particular present. Pupils should choose the item that theyre familiar with as this will help them to write more information. They must also minimise the grammar errors to score higher marks. The information given in the question was not in the same sequence as the grid. Pupils have to be very careful when transferring the information into the grid in part (B). In Section C, pupils were tested on their ability to write creatively. Pupils were given three pictures with helping words about helping mother to earn additional income. Pupils need to be careful while writing the answer. They need to describe the process correctly in the form of a story. Pupils need to read the words and make sure what they should write. This will help pupils add relevant details to the
797 2 - 8 Aug 10 798 9 - 15 Aug 10 799 16 - 22 Aug 10 800 23 - 29 Aug 10 801 30 Aug - 5 Sep 10 802 6 - 12 Sep 10 803 13 - 19 Sep 10 804 20 - 26 Sep 10 805 27 Sep - 3 Oct 10 * Subject to change.
story. Pupils need not use all the words given. They were given more freedom to write creatively using words they feel appropriate and correct based on the pictures. As always, pupils needed to be careful of the spelling, punctuation, grammar and also their writing. The questions in Paper 2 were moderate in difficulty and pupils were able to answer all the questions. Pupils with a good command of
English were able to answer the questions correctly and scored higher marks. Overall, all the questions in both the papers were to the level of the pupils. Most of them were able to answer all the questions. The new format helped pupils to get better marks and with that the number of pupils who passed, also increased.
07
MATHEMATICS (Paper 1)
By Roslan Rasip
This week, we will discuss the format and type of Mathematics Paper 1 in UPSR 2009. Before that, a bouquet of roses to those excellent students who got A for Mathematics in the UPSR 2009. In my view, the distribution of this years questions are not that much different from previous questions. There are easy questions and also challenging question. Anyway, i believe well prepared candidates can answer any type of questions. As in the past, there were 40 questions with 4 tables and 19 diagrams in Paper 1. At the beginning, the easy questions tested the candidates knowledge (10%) followed by the direct questions which included calculating (45%); and the high level questions; problem solving, mixed operations, diagram, tables and graph (45%). These type of questions require candidates to do more than one operation or skills to get the exact answer. The candidates not only need to memorise the formula, but more importantly should understand the given information and the needs of the questions. The table shows the distribution of topics and its analysis:
Bil 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Topic Whole Numbers Combined Operation Fractions Decimals Percentages Money Time Length Mass Volume of Liquid Two and threedimensional Data Handling 1 11 8 10 17 14 4 28 5 19 6 2 21 9 13 24 25 18 29 30 20 33 31 32 36 37 38 34 26 27 3 22 12 16 15 23 Question 7 Total 4 3 5 3 2 3 3 2 4 3 39 40 7
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12
35 Total
1 40
Based on the analysis of UPSR 2009 questions, it is found that there is a certain pattern or topics that are frequently asked in the examination, namely: (a) Two and three-dimensional (b) Fraction (c) Whole numbers (d) Mass To follow this discussion, candidates have to refer to the UPSR 2009 Mathematics Paper 1. Knowledge Question Question number 1, 2, 3 and 6 are knowledge questions. This question can be regarded as a bonus for candidates as it require basic mathematics skill. For example, in question number 3, candidates need only to round off the money given to the nearest ringgit. Similarly in question 2, candidates need only to indicate the value of digit 8 on the card in the place value of ten thousands. For question 6, candidates only have to identify the shapes of X and Y based on characteristics shown in the table. Direct Question There were 18 direct questions in UPSR 2009, numbered 4, 5, 7, 8,
* Subject to change.
08
MATHEMATICS (Paper 2)
By Cikgu Mokhtar
This week, pupils will be given some explanation about types, pattern and method of UPSR 2009 Mathematics Paper 2. The format of the question is still as in 2008, which consist of 20 questions. The questions are conducted in bilingual form (Bahasa Inggeris and Bahasa Melayu). Candidates are required to answer in one language only. The pattern of this years question is quite different in which the sentences are longer than before. There are more words to grasp and understand. This will cause the candidates to spend more time on most of the questions. For the year 2009, the distribution of the marks, 1, 2 and 3 is also different compared to before. The number of questions based on marks are, a) 1 mark question - 6 questions b) 2 marks question - 8 questions c) 3 marks questions - 6 questions Usually one question of each skill. For the UPSR 2010, candidates should master the following skills: i. Place values and digit values ii. Rounding off numbers iii. Write the numbers in word or vice versa iv. Create numbers from numerals. The questions also involve; i. Measurement (mass, length, volume of liqiud and time) ii. Converting units - kg/g, km/m/cm/mm and l/ml iii. Convert fractions to decimal or percentage iv. Shape and space - naming the diagram/line of symmetry One mark questions will test the skills involving the four operations (+, -, , x). So pupils should master the skills and be able to use it. They should also know how to read the measurement (l/kg/km, calibration/scale). Pupils also need to know how to relate the value of percentage, decimal and fraction so that they would be able to do conversion of units. Questions which carry 2 and 3 marks are quite easy as the sentences are not too long. Pictures and diagrams are also provided to help them understand and answer the questions correctly. The focus of the topics are still as in previous years questions: Fractions Decimals Percentage Shapes, perimeter and area Mixed operations Measurement Most of these questions focus on graphs, diagrams or charts without sentences. The questions are rather direct and easy to understand. Example: 6.78 + 19.5 = It is important to pupils to show their working steps properly and answer accurately. Answer: 6.78 + 19.50 26.28 Pupils should also master their skills on conversion of units especially when answering questions involving time, money, measurement and percentage. (a) Direct question Example: Calculate 1.45 l 10 = Give your answer, in ml. Solution: 1.45 l x 1 000 = 1 450 ml 145 = 145 ml 10 1 450 ml -10 45 - 40 50 - 50 show operations
774
Calculate the percentage of the shaded region of the whole diagram. Working steps: i. making fraction ii. multiplication by 100 1 3 100 x 100 = = 25% 12 4 (c) Using diagram/table/picture - problem solving question Example: Table 1 shows the number of eggs sold by Rahim in 3 days. Days Number of eggs Sunday 78 Monday Tuesday 91 125
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Table 1 Calculate the average number of eggs sold in a day. Working steps: Understanding the concept of average (+ and ). 78 + 91 + 125 OR 3 = 294 3 98 3 294 - 27 24 - 24 = 98
78 91 + 125 294
Candidates must be able to: i. read and understand mathematics sentence. ii. choose the operations base on the sentence in the question. iii. write the steps and answer clearly. iv. check the answer - make sure each answer is complete. 3 marks questions (5 questions) involves the following skills: i. Money - cost / convert unit RM-sen / buy-sale / profit and loss ii. Mass/length and volume of liquid - difference of units iii. Percentage / fractions - find one number with percentage or fraction iv. Average - involving three to five groups v. Using diagram/table/picture and figure Overall the UPSR 2009 were quite tough compared to before. Candidate needs to read and understand the sentence which is longer and carry more pictures, causing them to spend more time on each question.
* Subject to change.
09
SCIENCE (Section A)
By M. Khalimi Dalhan
1. Generally, the structure and the type (construct) of UPSR Science Paper 2009 for Section A was the same as the previous years question paper. It is bilingual (English and Bahasa Melayu). 2. There are 18 questions based on pictures, diagrams or tables and two multiple choice questions based on picture. Candidates can easily identify the correct answer, but they can also get confused if they are not careful and interpret the pictures wrongly. 3. Distribution of questions according to categories:
Type of questions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Facts Sequence Terminology Method Classification Principle Interpretation Translation Extrapolation Application Question number 23, 26, 27, 28 1, 2, 12, 16, 22 7, 24 10, 11 3, 18, 19 9, 13 14 6, 17 8, 15, 20, 29 4, 5, 21, 25
10
11
12 13 14
A D C
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15
Questions 1 - 5 require students to recall the facts and science phenomena they have learnt and relate them to the questions. Questions 7 - 10 are interpretation questions (make conclusion from information), translation (transfer the data to another type), extrapolation (predict) and application (the using of science in daily life) require students to make observation, inference and to relate the information from diagram, bar chart, table, situation picture, experiment picture and information to identify the most correct answer. 4. There are 24 multiple choice questions (choose either A, B, C or D) and 6 multiple combination questions (choose through either A, B, C or D based on combination of four options). For multiple combination questions, UPSR 2008 there are only two combination answer for each choice answer. These actually, give the students an easier choice. 5. Distribution of questions based on Year.
Year 4 5 6 Total Number of questions 10 12 8 30
16 17
A C
18 19
B B
20 21 22
D C A
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23
C B
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28
C B D
3 4 5 6
A B D C
9. For 2010 UPSR candidates, lessons are taught in the English Language or in ones mother tongue. However the Ministry of Education has affirmed that questions for 2010 will continue to use both the languages as in 2009. The most important aspect is for us to overcome the weakness and to prepare the student to face UPSR 2010. They should understand all the facts, terms and the principles of learning for Year 4, 5 and 6 and able to interpret an answer questions on application, interpretation, predict, sequence and method. 10. The way to prepare includes participating in Klinik UPSR DIDIK 2010 Phase I & II and use of BUKU SOALAN LATIHAN UPSR DIDIK 2010.
* Subject to change.
10
SCIENCE (Section B)
By Ahmad Pua'ad Ibrahim
Analysis of Section B
you must observe carefully the information given in the picture. You can get the answer on inference by the knowledge gathered in Year 5 in question 3 (b). This inference, must relate to the topic about Stability but NOT Strength. You have learnt that two factors can affect the stability of an object: base area and height of an object. So, you must use this specific term in your answer on inference. Another question on inference can be found in question 5 (b), which you can relate to in Year 6, about Friction or Simple Machine. Again you must be specific and use correct terms when answering questions on inference. CONTROLLING VARIABLES (6 questions): Students are already familiar with the terms: thing that we changed, observed (measured) and kept the same, manipulated variable, responding variable and constant variable. All these were used in the 2009 exam and all of them appeared in brackets. All three variables (thing/s you changed, observed and kept the same) can be found directly from the information given, but you must be able to differentiate each variable. These are quite easy questions to score because the answers are straightforward and simple. The keywords to look for are parameter and the substance or object, and youre on your way! HYPOTHESIS (1 question): Candidates should by now be familiar with the question: What is the relationship between what you changed and observed? Actually it sounds like a question on hypothesis. You can answer this quite easily by using the manipulated variable (things that changed) and responding variable (things observed) given in the information. However you must mention the relationship between the two variables. This question in 3 (d), can be classified as before the experiment. This means, you have to find out the manipulated variable (things changed) and responding variable (thing observed) given in the statement and try to establish the correct relationship based on the knowledge gained in the topic on Stability in Year 5. INTERPRETING DATA (7 questions): The questions are about trend of change, aim (purpose), relationship and conclusion. Questions on trend are relatively easy to answer because the answer can be found in the data given in the bar chart. In questions on 'aim', you have to find out the things you changed and observed (provided in the information), then write down the sentence. In questions on relationship, 3 (c), the manipulated and responding variable are already given. All you need to do is to establish the correct relationship based on the result of this investigation. In the question on conclusion, 2 (c), candidates need to relate the answer from the table. Make sure the correct relationship is used. For question 4 (d), on conclusion your answer must be obtained from the trend of change, what you observed then make out the relationship between two variables. PREDICTING (3 questions): In questions on predicting, you can answer in numerical form. Do the calculation based on the number pattern given in the table to get the answer. Overall the questions in section B are quite easy to answer because they are direct questions. Some of the information given can be used as your answer. Make sure that you have a good grasp of the scientific concept and that your answer is factually correct because marks will given on that. The basis of science knowledge is that you have to understand the concept before answering the questions. The skills and techniques of answering are also very important as they will enable you to obtain maximum marks. You will be able to enhance these skills in secondary school. Make sure you have a good foundation (primary school) when you move on to the next level (secondary school). Good luck to all 2010 candidates. Please follow my column in DIDIK especially on how to answer correctly in Section B. Take care. NEXT WEEK: Introduction to the Paper 6. 5. 4. 3.
Hello children! How was your holidays? I hope all of you had a great time. This week I am providing analysis of Section B for the 2009 Science paper. You may find it helpful. Science Section B is a subjective paper. This means your answers have to be scientifically correct as well as using the correct scientific language. Section B will test candidates on Science Process Skills such as Observation, Inference, Controlling Variables, Hypothesis, Interpreting data and Predicting. The questions will appear in two languages, first in English, then followed by Malay. Candidates also got to choose whether to answer the questions in English or Malay. The 5 questions posed in both languages may seem to be a lot, but by doing the exercises diligently both in school and at home, candidates should be able to handle them quite well. Section B have 3 questions on tables, 3 questions on pictures, and 1 question each on bar chart and general statement. Last years exam test candidates on five themes such as: Theme 1 - Investigating of Living Things: Year 5 (question 1) Theme 2 - Investigating Force and Energy: Year 4 (question 2) Theme 3 - Investigating Technology: Year 5 (question 3) Theme 4 - Investigating the Earth and the Universe: Year 5 (question 4) Theme 5 - Investigating Force and Energy: Year 6 and Technology: Year 6 (question 5) The pattern of last years questions was easier compared to previous year. Based on UPSR 2009, the table below shows the marks for every Science Process Skill.
Science Process Skill OBSERVATION INFERENCES Total marks 1 2 Question number and sample questions 5 (c) Write one observation to support the reason (inference) in 5 (b). 5 (b) State one reason (inference) about the distance travelled by K. 3 (b) State one reason (inference) based on the observation on model Y. 1 (b) State one information gathered in this investigation. (c) (i) What is changed (manipulated variable) (ii) What is measured (responding variable) 2 (a) (i) State, what is kept the same (constant variable) (ii) What is changed (manipulated variable) 5 (a) What is kept the same (constant variable) in this investigation. 3 (d) State one relationship between the two information gathered in the above statement. 1 (a), 3 (a) and 4 (a) - What is the purpose (aim) of this investigation? 4 (b) What is the trend of change in the size of the phases of the Moon during this investigation? 2 (c) and 4 (d) - What conclusion can be made from this investigation? 3 (c) What is the relationship between the size of the model and its stability? 1 (d) Predict the height of the dough when 12 g of yeast is used. 2 (b) Predict the measurement if this matchstick is used to measure the length of the desk. 4 (c) Predict the value of U in Diagram 4.
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CONTROLLING VARIABLE
1 7
PREDICTING
TOTAL MARKS
20/20
Based on the data given, we will elaborate and analyse every Science Process Skill in detail. (Note: Refer to the original UPSR Science 2009). 1. OBSERVATION (1 question): This question in 5 (c), can be used to similarly answer another question on observation to support an inference OR by taking out the result from the data (what to measure - responding variable) but in comparison form given in the table. We can occasionally use logical thinking to answer questions on observation. 2. INFERENCES (2 questions):
Students familiar with the word REASON, will understand the meaning of the word inference used in the UPSR exam, which appears in bracket. Before answering the question on INFERENCE,
* Subject to change.
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Analisis 2011
11
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05
The new format of the English Language UPSR paper which was introduced in the 2005 UPSR examinations assessed candidates through two papers, namely Paper 1 and Paper 2. Paper 1 is a 50-minute paper comprising 40 multiple choice questions. Candidates need to choose the correct or best answer marked A, B and C or A, B, C or D. The total marks for this paper is 40. Paper 2 is a one hour and fifteen minutes paper. There are three questions in this paper which are divided into three sections. Candidates are required to answer all three questions. The total marks for this paper is 40 and it is a subjective paper. Paper 1 (40 multiple choice questions) Questions 1 - 10 Vocabulary questions at word, phrase or sentence level (with or without pictures). Questions 1 - 4: Word level questions These questions test your knowledge on vocabulary. One word answers are required. Pupils have to pick the best word from the options given. Example: 1 When father comes back from his office at night, he parks his car in the _____. A hangar C terminal B porch D garage Questions 5 - 7: Phrase level These questions test your knowledge and understanding of language at phrase level. All the given options are in phrases. Pupils have to study the pictures carefully to get the correct phrase to complete a paragraph. The phrases given describe the pictures. The questions have three blanks to fill in. Example: Last week, Anita visited her uncles farm. She saw _______________ (2) walking freely. She wanted to __________ (3) but she couldnt as they were afraid of her. Then , she fed them with ________ (4) 2 A a herd of cows B a flock of cows 3 A kiss the cubs B pet the calves 4 A some food B some bushes C a litter of cows D a group of cows C pat the pups D hit the cubs C some grass D some wild flowers
Questions 8 - 10: Sentence level These questions test pupils knowledge and understanding of the language at the sentence level. They have to study the pictures carefully and choose the sentence that best describes the picture. Example: 5 A Maniam dislikes drinking coffee. B Maniam is making a cup of coffee. C Maniam is making a glass of orange juice. D Maniam is preparing breakfast for his family. Questions 11 - 15 Questions on social and language expressions (pictures with speech bubbles) In this section, pupils are tested on their understanding and knowledge of social expressions. Pupils are given five pictures showing different situations. Pupils must pick the best option to match the situation in the pictures. Example: 6 Do you have size 10 for this model? A That is the only colour we have. B Certainly. Ill get it for you right away. C Find it yourself. D Im sorry. Can you come back tomorrow? Questions 16 - 20 (Grammar) These questions test the pupils knowledge and understanding of grammar. They have to choose the best option to complete the sentences.
26 27 Rahman and Rahimah are cleaning up ______ garden. Rahimah is ______ a broom to sweep the dry 28 leaves. Rahman is cutting the grass using a lawn mower. ______ mother is weeding the flower beds. The sun 29 30 is ______ brightly. Their father prepared some ______ orange juice for them to drink. 26 A a 27 A selling 28 A Their 29 A shines 30 A warm B an B cutting B Her B shining B hot C the C bringing C They C shined C cold D D holding D She D lighting D frozen
Questions 31 - 40 Reading Comprehension (1 linear and 1 non-linear text) In this section, pupils are tested on reading and comprehension skills. There are two texts, one linear and one non-linear. Each text contains five questions. Pupils have to choose the best answer from the options given. Examples of linear texts: Narrative Factual Dialogue News report Letter Telephone conversation Speech Examples of non-linear texts: Table of event Notice Map Pie chart Plan Labelk Schedule Graph TV programme Picture Menu Poster
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06
BAHASA INGGERIS (Paper 2)
Exercises on Paper 2
(b) You are planning to treat your cousin on her birthday. Which one would you choose? Give reasons for your choice. I would choose ________ because ________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Section C - Note Expansion This section tests pupils ability to write a short essay / passage based on a series of pictures. Pupils are also given words to help them write.
Section B - Information transfer This section tests pupils ability to construct sentences based on a picture. There are also 10 helping words given for pupils to use. Pupils have a choice to use or not to use the helping words. They must construct only 5 sentences about the picture. This section carries 10 marks.
Exercise
Look at the pictures. Use the information given to write about an incident in a village in the space provided.
rambutan husband 1 2 3 4 5
neighbour basket
porch tree
yard car
children garden
Section B - Information Transfer This section tests pupils ability to transfer information from the pictures and text given. Pupils have to fill in the table with information from the notes. For part B pupils have to choose one of the three choices given and give reasons for their choice. This section carries 15 marks; 10 marks for part A and 5 marks for part B.
Exercise
INDIAN RESTAURANT North Indian dishes Fish head curry, tandoori chicken, naan Free - Khulfi (dessert) 10 a.m. - 10 p.m. Subang Jaya
WESTERN RESTAURANT Western food Lamb, beef, chicken chop, pasta, spaghetti Free - Soup in baked bread 3 p.m. - 2 a.m. Sungai Buloh
CHINESE RESTAURANT Ten course Chinese dinner Shark's fin soup, steam kerapu, sizzling taufu Free - Kaya pau 4 p.m. - 12 midnight Damansara Uptown names - break - reports _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________
NEXT WEEK: Paper 1 (Vocabulary / Qs 1 - 4) & Paper 2 (Section A)
(a) Complete the table based on the advertisement given. INDIAN RESTAURANT WESTERN RESTAURANT CHINESE RESTAURANT Speciality 1. 5. 8. Food 2. Lamb, beef, chicken chop, 9. pasta, spaghetti Free Khulfi (dessert) 6. Kaya pau Operating hours 3. 3p.m.-2a.m. 10. Location 4. 7. Damansara Uptown
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MATHEMATICS (Paper 2)
By Cikgu Mokhtar
Understanding Paper 2
a) Whole numbers - determining digits or place values - rounding off numbers - writing numbers in numerals or words - solving problems involving 4 operations b) Measurement and duration of time - state the value of measurement and time c) Fractions / decimals and percentage - converting units d) Space and shape (2 or 3 dimensional shape) - naming and identifying the characteristics of 3 dimensional shapes - However, one must not just depend on acquiring the skills above. They need to know other skills that can help them to answer the questions. Exercise 1 (1 mark questions) 1 Round off 346 709 to the nearest hundred thousand. 2 Diagram 1 shows five number cards. (iii) 3 mark question - Normally 5 questions. - Problem solving. - Using symbols, numerals and words. - Need to show calculation. - Give the correct answer. - Usually involves diagrams, tables and figures. - Focusing more on the steps to determine the answer to the question. - Candidate must show more than 2 working steps before giving the correct answer. - To understand and answer the questions, pupils must know about: a) Measurement and time duration b) Money - profit, loss and sell/buy c) Shape and space - perimeter /area d) Average e) Percentage - quantity Exercise (3 mark questions)
This week, we will discuss the UPSR Mathematics format, so that pupils in Year 6, 2010 will understand clearly what Paper 2 is. It is important for them to make early preparation and choose good reference materials for their revision so that they can score an A in Mathematics UPSR. The Mathematics paper in the UPSR examination is divided into 2 papers, Paper 1 and Paper 2. Paper 1 consists of 40 objective questions and 4 multiple choice options for each question. Pupils are required to choose only one answer. Paper 2 consists of 20 subjective questions. Pupils must answer all the questions, write the answers clearly and show all the working solution. Characteristics of Paper 2; i. Paper 2 consists of 20 subjective questions. ii. Candidates are required to answer all questions. iii. The duration for answering this paper is 40 minutes. iv. Candidates must write their answer clearly in the spaces provided in the question paper. v. Candidates must show all the working solution. It may help them get marks. vi. The marks allocated for each question is as follows: There are 3 types of questions. i. 1 mark questions - normally (4 - 6 questions) ii. 2 mark questions - normally (8 - 10 questions) iii. 3 mark questions - normally (4 - 6 questions) (a) Types of questions - subjective questions Example 1: Diagram below consist of several equilateral triangles of equal size.
8 9 0
5 3
Diagram 1 Using all the numbers above, build the largest value number. 3 12 168 12 = 4 Write 0.36 million in whole number. 5 Diagram 2 shows the weight of a box.
Diagram 3 The total volume of water is 2.7 l. Find the capacity, in ml, of the water in beaker P. 2 Diagram 4 shows a pie chart on the percentage of vehicles.
Diagram 2 Diagram 1 Write the fraction which represent the shaded region of the whole diagram. Answer: 3 9 = 1 3
car lorry
van 25% 20%
State the weight, in g, of the box. (ii) 2 mark question - Normally 8 - 10 questions. - Direct and problem solving questions. - Using symbols, numerals and words. - Need to show calculation. - More than two operations. - Give the correct answer. - Involving unit conversion. - Usually involving the following topics and skills: a) Mixed operations - direct question b) Fractions, decimals and percentage - involving 4 operations, quantity and numbers c) Measurement and time duration - involving operations/ reading scales d) Finding the averages e) Space and shape - drawing and naming the space/shape and perimeter Exercise (2 mark questions) 1 5 8 2= 3 m - 75 cm =
Diagram 4 The total number of vehicles is 180. Calculate the number of cars. 3 Diagram 5 shows the mass of box X and box Y.
Example 2: Round off 7.093 to the nearest tenths. Working step to answer: 7. 0 9 3 = 7 . 1 ( + 1 ) More than 5 Example 3: A solid has 4 isosceles triangles and the following characteristics: 5 vertices 8 edges 1 square What is the name of the solid? Answer: Pyramid (b) There are 20 questions which carry 3 categories of marking: (i) 1 mark questions - Normally 4 - 6 questions. - Direct questions. - Using symbols and numerals only. - Quite easy, just need to write down the correct answer. - Working steps not needed. - Normally involves the following topics and skills:
Diagram5 Calculate the total mass, in kg, of box X and box Y. 4 Diagram 6 shows two rectangles of equal size and a right angled 12 cm triangle. Diagram 6
4 cm 6 cm
Calculate the area, in cm2, of the shaded region. Conclusion; i. Master all topics and skills. ii. Master the multiplication table. iii. Do more exercises - at least 20 questions every day. iv. Write the working steps for all questions to get the correct answer. v. Do exercises in groups - practice team work. vi. Always refer to past years questions.
NEXT WEEK: Whole Number: Basic Operations
2 Calculate 1
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Analisis 2012
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TARIKH SIARAN 16 - 18 Januari 19 - 29 Januari (Khamis) 30 Januari - 8 Februari 9 - 12 Februari (Khamis) 13 - 19 Februari 20 - 26 Februari 27 Februari - 4 Mac 5 - 7 Mac 8 - 18 Mac (Khamis) 19 - 25 Mac 26 Mac - 1 April 2 - 8 April 9 - 15 April 16 - 22 April 23 - 29 April 30 April - 6 Mei 7 - 13 Mei 14 - 20 Mei 21 - 23 Mei 24 Mei - 10 Jun (Khamis) 11 - 13 Jun 14 - 17 Jun (Khamis) 18 - 24 Jun 25 Jun - 1 Julai 2 - 8 Julai 9 - 15 Julai 16 - 22 Julai 23 - 29 Julai 30 Julai - 5 Ogos 6 - 12 Ogos 13 - 15 Ogos 16 - 26 Ogos (Khamis) 27 Ogos - 2 September 3 - 9 September 10 - 16 September 17 - 23 September
Pengenalan dan Latihan Bahagian A Pengenalan dan Latihan Bahagian B Pengenalan dan Latihan Bahagian C Bahagian B - Karangan Cerita Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B - Karangan Laporan Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B - Karangan Dialog Latihan Seiras Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B - Karangan Catatan Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B - Karangan Melengkapkan Cerita Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B - Karangan Fakta Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B - Karangan Surat Kiriman Tidak Rasmi Bahagian A dan C Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Melayu dan Matematik) Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Inggeris dan Sains) Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Melayu dan Matematik) Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Inggeris dan Sains) Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B - Karangan Surat Kiriman Rasmi Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B - Karangan Ucapan Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B - Karangan Syarahan Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B - Karangan Perbincangan Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Melayu dan Matematik) Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Inggeris dan Sains) Latihan Seiras Latihan Seiras Bahagian A dan C Bahagian B - Karangan Berita
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872 16 - 18 January
873 19 - 29 January (Thursday) Exercises 874 30 January - 8 February Nouns, Qs 5-7 & Dialogue 875 9 - 12 February (Thursday) Articles, Qs 8 - 10 & News Report 876 13 - 19 February Antonyms, Qs 11 - 15 & Speech 877 20 - 26 February Synonyms, Qs 16 - 21 & Map 878 27 February - 4 March Present Tense, Qs 22 - 25 & Narrative 879 5 - 7 March Past Tense, Qs 1 - 4 & Poem 880 8 - 18 March (Thursday) Exercises 881 19 - 25 March Future Tense, Qs 5 - 7 & Letter 882 26 March - 1 April Adjectives, Qs 8 - 10 & Label 883 2 - 8 April Personal Pronouns, Qs 11 - 15 & Menu 884 9 - 15 April Possessive, Demonstrative Pronouns & Qs 16 - 21 & Advertisement
885 16 - 22 April Prepositions, Qs 22 - 25 & Recipe 886 23 - 29 April Conjunctions, Qs 26 - 30 & Pie Chart 887 30 April - 6 May Subject and Verb Agreement, & Qs 1 - 4 & Notice 888 7 - 13 May Quantifiers, Qs 5 - 7 & Dialogue & TV Programme
889 14 - 20 May Similes, Qs 8 - 10 & Duty Roster 890 21 - 23 May Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Melayu & Matematik) 891 24 May - 10 June (Thursday) Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Inggeris & Sains) 892 11 - 13 June Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Melayu & Matematik) 893 14 - 17 June (Thursday) Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Inggeris & Sains) 894 18 - 24 June Verbs, Qs 11 - 15 & Diary 895 25 June - 1 July Adverbs, Qs 16 - 21 & E-mail 896 2 - 8 July WH Questions, Qs 22 - 25 & Letter 897 9 - 15 July Qs 1 - 15 & Factual 898 16 - 22 July Qs 16 - 30 & Narrative 899 23 - 29 July Qs 1 - 15 & Advertisement 900 30 July - 5 August Qs 16 - 30 & Notice 901 6 - 12 August Qs 1 - 15 & Dialogue 902 13 - 15 August Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Melayu & Matematik) 903 16 - 26 August (Thursday) Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Inggeris & Sains) 904 27 August - 2 September Exercises 905 3 - 9 September Qs 16 - 30 & Map 906 10 - 16 September Qs 1 - 15 & Poem 907 17 - 23 September Qs 16 - 30 & Recipe *Subject to change
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BIL TARIKH SIARAN 16 - 18 Januari 19 - 29 Januari Khamis 30 Januari - 8 Februari 9 - 12 Februari Khamis 13 - 19 Februari 20 - 26 Februari 27 Feb - 4 Mac 5 - 7 Mac 8 - 18 Mac Khamis 19 - 25 Mac 26 Mac - 1 April 2 - 8 April 9 - 15 April 16 - 22 April 23 - 29 April 30 April - 6 Mei 7 - 13 Mei 14 - 20 Mei 21 - 23 Mei 24 Mei - 10 Jun Khamis 11 - 13 Jun 14 - 17 Jun Khamis 18 - 24 Jun 25 Jun - 1 Julai 2 - 8 Julai 9 - 15 Julai 16 - 22 Julai 23 - 29 Julai 30 Julai - 5 Ogos 6 - 12 Ogos 13 - 15 Ogos 16 - 26 Ogos Khamis 27 Ogos - 2 September 3 - 9 September 10 - 16 September 17 - 23 September
TOPIK PERBINCANGAN
872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907
872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907
Nombor Bulat - Operasi Bercampur Pecahan Pecahan - Penyelesaian Masalah Perpuluhan Perpuluhan - Penyelesaian Masalah Peratus Latihan Seiras Peratus - Penyelesaian Masalah Wang (RM / Sen) Wang - Penyelesaian Masalah Masa dan Waktu Masa - Penyelesaian Masalah Masa - Kalendar Ukuran Panjang - km / m / cm / m Ukuran Panjang - Penyelesaian Masalah Berat - kg / g Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Melayu & Matematik) Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Inggeris & Sains) Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Melayu & Matematik) Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Inggeris & Sains) Berat - Penyelesaian Masalah Isi Padu Cecair - l / ml Isi Padu Cecair - Penyelesaian Masalah Bentuk / Ruang - Ciri-ciri Bentuk / Ruang - Perimeter Bentuk / Ruang - Luas / Isi Padu Perwakilan Data / Purata Perwakilan Data - Carta Pai / Carta Palang Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Melayu & Matematik) Ujian Percubaan (Bahasa Inggeris & Sains) Latihan Seiras - 1 & 2 markah Latihan Seiras - 3 markah Latihan Seiras Ulang Kaji Tahun 4, 5
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872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907
872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907
30 Januari - 8 Februari 9 - 12 Februari Khamis 13 - 19 Februari 20 - 26 Februari 27 Februari - 4 Mac 5 - 7 Mac 8 - 18 Mac Khamis 19 - 25 Mac 26 Mac - 1 April 2 - 8 April 9 - 15 April 16 - 22 April 23 - 29 April 30 April - 6 Mei 7 - 13 Mei 14 - 20 Mei 21 - 23 Mei 24 Mei - 10 Jun Khamis 11 - 13 Jun 14 - 17 Jun Khamis 18 - 24 Jun 25 Jun - 1 Julai 2 - 8 Julai 9 - 15 Julai 16 - 22 Julai 23 - 29 Julai 30 Julai - 5 Ogos 6 - 12 Ogos 13 - 15 Ogos 16 - 26 Ogos Khamis 27 Ogos - 2 September 3 - 9 September 10 - 16 September 17 - 23 September
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Analisis 2013
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7 januari 2013 isnin
Pada minggu ini, kita akan membuat ulasan dan analisis soalan Matematik Kertas 1 UPSR 2012. Bagi Kertas 1, seperti sebelum ini, 40 soalan dikemukakan. Didahului dengan soalan-soalan lebih mudah (pengetahuan) dalam bentuk lazim atau ayat pendek, diikuti soalan beraras sederhana mudah (pengiraan terus) dan akhir sekali calon diuji dengan soalan-soalan lebih tinggi arasnya (penyelesaian masalah), melibatkan masalah harian, menggabungkan beberapa operasi, pernyataan rajah, jadual dan graf. Beberapa soalan berbentuk kemahiran berfikir secara kritis dan kreatif (KBKK) turut dikemukakan. Soalan jenis ini memerlukan calon membuat lebih daripada satu operasi atau kemahiran untuk mendapatkan jawapan yang tepat. Untuk menjawab soalan jenis ini, calon bukan sahaja perlu mengingati formula tetapi yang lebih penting ialah calon harus terlebih dahulu memahami maklumat yang diberi dan apakah kehendak soalan tersebut. Selain ayat yang agak panjang, soalan jenis penyelesaian masalah harian sering disertakan dengan rajah. Terdapat 17 rajah dan 5 jadual disertakan dalam soalan pada tahun ini. Calon perlu cekap membaca maklumat dalam rajah, jadual bil, graf, dan sebagainya. Ingat, rajah merupakan sebahagian daripada soalan. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan peratusan jenis soalan berdasarkan taburan soalan Matematik Kertas 1 UPSR 2012. Bil 1 2 3 Jenis Soalan Pengetahuan Pengiraan Terus Penyelesaian Masalah Jumlah Bilangan Soalan 6 15 19 40 Peratus 15 38 47 100
Soalan Matematik Kertas 1 UPSR 2012, antara topik-topik popular ialah (i) Nombor bulat dan operasi (ii) Jisim (iii) Wang (iv) Bentuk dan Ruang (v) Perwakilan Data Untuk memudahkan anda mengikuti ulasan ini, muridmurid disarankan agar merujuk kertas soalan Matematik Kertas 1 UPSR 2012. Soalan Pengetahuan Soalan 1 hingga soalan 6 merupakan soalan jenis pengetahuan. Soalan jenis ini bolehlah dianggap soalan mudah dan dianggap bonus kepada calon kerana calon hanya diuji dengan kemahiran asas matematik. Contohnya soalan 1, calon hanya perlu mengenal pasti nombor yang nilainya paling kecil pada kad nombor yang diberi dalam rajah. Bagi soalan 2 pula calon hanya perlu menukarkan nombor bercampur kepada nombor bulat dalam nilai juta. Soalan 3 hanya meminta calon mencerakinkan nombor yang diberi dalam rajah. Begitu juga soalan 4, calon hanya diminta menyatakan pecahan yang diwakili oleh rajah berlorek dalam rajah yang diberi, manakala soalan 5 pula, calon hanya perlu membuat pertukaran unit daripada unit kilogram kepada unit gram untuk mendapatkan jawapan. Satu lagi soalan aras mudah dikemukakan pada soalan 6. Soalan ini hanya meminta calon mengenal pasti dan seterusnya menamakan pepejal berdasarkan ciri-ciri yang diberi dalam rajah. Ternyata enam soalan ini amat mudah untuk dijawab oleh calon. Soalan Pengiraan Terus Terdapat 15 soalan jenis pengiraan terus iaitu bermula soalan 7 hingga soalan 21. Sebenarnya soalan-soalan ini
Which activity takes the same duration? aktiviti manakah yang mengambil tempoh masa yang sama? Analisis soalan: 1. Tempoh masa bagi aktiviti membaca buku ialah 1 jam 25 minit. 2. Tempoh masa bagi aktiviti menonton televisyen ialah 1 jam 20 minit. 3. Tempoh masa bagi aktiviti bermain badminton ialah 1 jam 25 minit 4. Tempoh masa bagi aktiviti kerja rumah ialah 1 jam 30 minit 5. Kehendak soalan: Aktiviti yang mengambil tempoh masa yang sama 6. Operasi: Tolak Penyelesaian: Dua aktiviti yang mengambil tempoh masa yang sama ialah membaca buku dan bermain badminton. Jawapan = Membaca buku dan bermain badminton. Akhir sekali, cikgu berharap agar calon-calon UPSR 2013 mendapat manfaat daripada perbincangan ini. Calon perlu bersedia dari sekarang dan harus menguasai kemahirankemahiran Matematik dari Tahun 4 hingga Tahun 6.
Pengenalan Kertas
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D10 923 DIDIK MateMatik kertas 2
isnin 7 januari 2013
hingga mengabaikan konsep pengiraannya atau menyatakan / menunjukkan langkah pengiraan yang tidak lengkap. Soalan kemahiran wang agak mudah dan lebih kepada menentukan jumlah wang yang melibatkan nilai sen dan ringgit dan satu soalan lagi dikaitkan dengan kemahiran pecahan dengan wang. Calon perlu lebih bersedia menjawab soalan yang melibatkan: i. Rajah / gambar rajah wang RM dan Sen ii. Wang dengan peratus iii. Bilangan nilai wang melibatkan kuantiti barangan Soalan 3 Markah Bagi soalan-soalan 3 markah, hanya 1 soalan melibatkan gambar dan selebihnya 1 soalan bentuk persamaan. Oleh itu, latihan harian murid perlu lebih kepada soalan berbentuk ayat dan gabungan ayat dan rajah. Perhatian juga harus diberi kepada soalan jenis penyelesaian masalah yang menggunakan ayat sepenuhnya. Contoh : In Diagram 14, the pie chart shows the percentage of papayas in a farm. The percentage of banana trees is not shown. Dalam rajah 14, carta pai menunjukkan peratusan pokok betik di sebuah kebun. Peratusan pokok pisang tidak dinyatakan.
Banana / Pisang
Gagal menguasai konsep perpuluhan kepada pecahan Aras soalan yang mudah tetapi kegagalan memberikan jawapan tepat menyebabkan calon kehilangan markah. Penyelesaian Masalah (ayat / cerita) Pada 2012 soalan yang diuji berdasarkan tajuk berikut: i. Measurement / sukatan - isi padu l / ml, ketinggian m / cm ii. Average / purata melibatkan jadual iii. Fractions / pecahan- penyebut tidak sama iv. Perimeter - single diagram / rajah tunggal v. BODMAS system - + dan x vi. Time / waktu - mencari usia / age Menggunakan gambar rajah / jadual dalam soalan penyelesaian masalah Contoh : Table 10 shows the length of three ropes, P, Q, and R. Jadual 10 menunjukkan panjang tiga utas tali, P, Q dan r. Rope / Tali P Q R Length (cm) / Panjang 238 185 252 Table 10 / Jadual 10 Calculate the average length, in cm, of one rope. Hitung purata panjang, dalam cm, setiap seutas tali itu. Langkah menjawab: Fahami konsep purata / average (+ dan ). 238 + 185 + 252 675 = = 225 cm 3 3 Atau 238 185 + 252 675 225 cm 3 675 -6 7 -6 15 - 15
Diagram 14 / Rajah 14 The total number of fruit trees is 400. Calculate the number of banana trees Jumlah pokok buah-buahan itu ialah 400. Hitung bilangan pokok pisang tersebut. Langkah pengiraan: Calon mesti kuasai konsep % iaitu konsep darab dan bahagi dalam bentuk pecahan. 70% ialah Penyelesaian: 70 x 400 = 280 100 400 - 280 = 120 70 100
Calon boleh menggunakan kaedah pemansuhan/ konsep bahagi dengan 10. Kadangkala calon tersilap dengan jawapan akhir. 280 merupakan jawapan yang diberi, sedangkan kehendak soalan ialah nilai hasil tolaknya. Oleh itu, calon juga perlu membuat latihan konsep pelengkap melibatkan % atau pecahan / fractions. 100% - 70% (papayas) = 30% (bananas) 30 x 400 = 120 100 Sementara itu, soalan kemahiran peratus lebih kerap menggunakan rajah, gambar atau jadual. Calon perlu faham tentang konsep peratus (%), membuat penukaran peratus kepada pecahan atau sebaliknya. Penekanan kepada konsep sahaja. Pada tahun ini, soalan peratus disoal dengan menggunakan gambar rajah. Calon perlu membuat latihan soalan-soalan purata dalam bentuk rajah / gambar. Bagi soalan-soalan purata, calon perlu memahami maksud: i. Diberi purata ... ii. Purata markah 3 orang ialah... iii. Mencari purata, dijumlahkan dan kemudian dibahagi
Pelajaran Minggu Depan: Pengenalan Kertas
Calon yang boleh membaca dan memahami ayat soalan dengan baik mempunyai peluang yang lebih untuk menjawab dengan tepat. Perlu diingat, soalan bentuk ini boleh menyebabkan calon tersilap dalam menentukan maksud operasinya apabila dianggap terlalu mudah
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7 januari 2013 isnin
1. Pada umumnya struktur dan jenis (konstruk) soalan kertas Sains UPSR 2012 bagi Bahagian A sama dengan kertas soalan tahun-tahun lepas. Soalan dikemukakan dalam dwibahasa (bahasa Melayu dan bahasa Inggeris) secara soalan bahasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam bahasa Melayu. 2. Terdapat 23 soalan yang merujuk kepada rangsangan gambar, gambar rajah atau jadual dan lapan soalan yang mempunyai pilihan jawapan berbentuk gambar. Ini bukan sahaja memudahkan calon mendapatkan jawapan yang tepat, bahkan juga boleh mengelirukan calon jika tidak berhati-hati dan salah pemahaman terhadap gambar tersebut. 3. Taburan soalan mengikut konstruk / jenis:
11.
A D B
Soalan konstruk / jenis 1 - 5 memerlukan calon mengingat semula fakta dan fenomena sains yang telah dipelajari dan mengaitkan dengan kehendak soalan. Jenis soalan 7 - 10 iaitu soalan jenis tafsiran (membuat rumusan daripada maklumat), terjemahan (memindahkan data kepada bentuk lain), ekstrapolasi (meramal) dan aplikasi (penggunaan sains dalam kehidupan) memerlukan murid membuat pemerhatian, inferens dan menghubung kait antara maklumat yang terdapat dalam rajah, carta palang, jadual, gambar situasi, gambar eksperimen dan pernyataan maklumat untuk mendapatkan jawapan yang paling tepat. 4. Terdapat 27 soalan aneka pilihan (memilih terus sama ada A, B C atau D) dan 3 soalan aneka gabungan (memilih sama ada A, B, C atau D berpandukan gabungan pilihan jawapan I, II, III dan IV). Bagi soalan aneka gabungan, seperti tahun sebelumnya pilihan jawapan UPSR 2012 hanya mempunyai dua gabungan jawapan bagi setiap pilihan jawapan. Ini sepatutnya lebih memudahkan calon untuk membuat pilihan. 5. Taburan soalan mengikut tahun pembelajaran: Tahun 4 5 Bilangan soalan 10 9 6 Jumlah 11 30
15
C A C D
20. 21.
D D
6. Taburan soalan mengikut tema penyiasatan: Tema Menyiasat Alam Kehidupan Menyiasat Daya dan Tenaga Menyiasat Alam Bahan Bilangan soalan 7 7 8 Menyiasat Bumi dan Alam Semesta Menyiasat Dunia Teknologi Jumlah 3 5 30
22.
No.
Alam Kehidupan Tahun 6 - Kepupusan haiwan 1. Pilihan jawapan bagi haiwan yang sedang menghadapi kepupusan hanyalah A - Harimau. C - Dinosaur dan C - Burung dodo ialah haiwan yang sudah pupus, manakala D - kuda ialah haiwan peliharaan manusia. Alam Kehidupan Tahun 4 - Mikroorganisma 2. Untuk mengelakkan penyakit tersebut daripada berjangkit adalah dengan cara mengasingkannya daripada orang lain. Cara ini dikenali sebagai pengasingan atau kuarantin pesakit. Alam Kehidupan Tahun 6 - Kesan tindakan manusia terhadap alam sekitar Rajah menunjukkan dua jenis tumbuhan yang terdapat di tebing sungai. Jika kedua-duanya ditebang secara berleluasa, 3. hidupan akuatik akan kehilangan habitat (jawapan II) dan ombak akan lebih mudah menghakis tebing sungai (jawapan IV). Jawapan I (Memperlahankan aliran air) adalah faedah tumbuhan tersebut kepada alam sekitar dan jawapan III (Menghasilkan bahan kimia bertoksik, tiada kaitan dengan situasi tersebut. Alam Kehidupan Tahun 6 - Persaingan antara haiwan 4. Rajah menunjukkan sembilan ekor ayam yang sedang makan secara berkumpulan. Situasi tersebut menerangkan berkaitan hubungan interaksi sesama haiwan yang sama spesies. 5. Rujuk 7.1 6. Rujuk 7.2 Alam Kehidupan Tahun 4 - Keperluan asas tumbuhan Rajah menunjukkan lapan anak pokok yang ditanam di dalam sebuah pasu. Penerangan menyatakan bahawa anak-anak 7. pokok tersebut tidak disiram. Maknanya anak-anak pokok tersebut tidak mendapat air langsung. Maka selepas dua minggu, diramalkan kesemua anak pokok akan mati kerana tidak boleh membuat makanannya sendiri. Daya dan Tenaga Tahun 5 - Elektrik 8. Rajah menunjukkan litar elektrik yang mengandungi dua sel kering, wayar penyambung, sebuah suis dan dua biji mentol yang disusun secara selari. Susunan yang betul secara simbol bagi litar tersebut ialah susunan A Daya dan Tenaga Tahun 4 - Menyukat masa Rajah menunjukkan set bandul (benang dan ladung) yang diikat pada kaki retot. Bandul ringkas ini boleh digunakan 9. untuk menyukat masa kerana berayun secara seragam. Antara aktiviti yang dinyatakan, hanya B - Titisan air berulang secara seragam.
24. 25.
A B
26. C
C C B B
27.
28.
29.
30.
27
D12 923 DIDIK SainS - Bahagian B
IsnIn 7 januarI 2013
Berdasarkan jadual di atas, kita akan mengupas perincian setiap soalan tersebut. (nota: Kamu boleh rujuk soalan sebenar Sains Bahagian B, UPSR 2012) 1. PEMERHATIAN (satu soalan) Dalam soalan pemerhatian kali ini soalan 1 berdasarkan jadual dan gambar sebagai maklu mat untuk ditulis sebagai jawapan. Bagi menulis jawapan pemerhatian, ada banyak pilihan jawapan boleh diberi. Calon boleh menulis jawapan berdasarkan gambaran minda apa sahaja yang boleh terjadi pada haiwan atau objek yang diberi dalam gambar atau dengan merujuk kepada keputusan penyiasatan dalam jadual. 2. INFERENS (SEBAB) (dua soalan) Kesemua soalan inferens yang diuji merupakan soalan 2 markah. Soalan inferens (sebab) 1 (b) kali ini berdasarkan pemerhatian yang sudah dinyatakan awal pada soalan tersebut, maka mudah untuk calon memberikan inferens (sebab) daripada pemerhatian tersebut. Calon boleh memberikan jawapan inferens berdasarkan pengetahuan sains yang dipelajari dalam Sains Tahun 4, iaitu apakah keperluan asas haiwan untuk hidup. Bagi soalan inferens 3 (a) pula, untuk mencari pemerhatian, jawapan boleh didapati daripada maklumat dalam bentuk gambar selepas penyiasatan. Inferens dalam soalan 2 (d) merupakan inferens berbanding iaitu calon mesti menyatakan perbandingan untuk keduadua sup R dan sup S. Ini juga berkaitan dengan inferens bebas iaitu ada banyak jawapan sebab boleh diberikan sama ada daripada tajuk Sains yang dipelajari dalam Tahun 6 atau Tahun 5 atau boleh juga dari pada pengalaman hidup seharian. Kebanyakan calon kehilangan markah yang banyak ketika menjawab inferens berbanding ini yang melibatkan 2 markah dalam soalan 3 (a). Kesilapan ini berlaku jika jawapan yang dibuat sama maksud iaitu dijawab sebaliknya untuk inferens kedua, selain tidak menunjukkan perbandingan dalam setiap jawapan. Terdapat juga murid yang mengulang semula pemerhatian tanpa memberikan sebab (inferens), di samping kurang pengetahuan sains. 3. MENGAWAL PEMBOLEH UBAH (4 soalan) Soalan pemboleh ubah kali ini agak mudah untuk mendapat skor markahnya. Soalan ini meliputi semua pemboleh ubah, misalnya apa yang diubah, apa yang diperhati, apa yang ditetapkan dan dua maklumat. Peluang calon untuk mendapat markah agak mudah kerana jawapan tersebut boleh diambil terus daripada maklumat dalam soalan seperti soalan 2 dan 5 yang berbentuk jadual. Cuma bagi soalan 3, jawapan tidak boleh ambil terus daripada maklumat dalam bentuk gambar, sebaliknya calon perlu tahu apa yang diubah (what to changed) dan perlu tahu menulis dengan cara yang betul ketika menjawab soalan pemboleh ubah ini. 4. HIPOTESIS (1 Soalan) Soalan hipotesis berdasarkan penyataan ayat yang umum (sebelum penyiasatan dijalankan). Calon diminta menghubungkan apa yang diubah dengan apa yang diperhatikan berdasarkan pengetahuan Sains Tahun 4: Bumi dan Alam Semesta yang telah dipelajari sebelum ini. Soalan kali ini sudah dinyatakan apa yang diubah dan apa yang diperhatikan dalam soalan. Yang penting, calon perlu membezakan keduadua pemboleh ubah (apa yang diubah dan apa yang diperhatikan) tadi agar dapat menghubungkan keduaduanya dan tidak terbalik ja wapan apa yang diubah dahulu dengan apa yang diperhatikan kemudiannya. Selain itu, calon perlu memastikan tidak tersalah konsep sains yang dipelajari menerusi kesan akibat. 5. MENTAFISR DATA (7 soalan) Bagi pecahan soalan di bawahnya seperti soalan tujuan (2 soalan): keduadua soalan tujuan kali ini mudah untuk dijawab memandangkan terdapat maklumat yang diberi (apa yang diubah dan apa yang diperhati) dalam soalan tersebut telah lengkap untuk disalin terus sebagai jawapan. Bagi soalan corak perubahan (2 soalan), ada maklumat terus boleh di ambil daripada jadual sebagai jawapan misalnya soalan 5, manakala soalan 4, memerlukan ketelitian ketika meneliti corak perubahan daripada gambar planet yang diberi. Sementara itu, bagi soalan hubungan (2 soalan) antara dua pemboleh ubah (apa yang diubah dan apa yang diperhatikan), soalan ini tidak dinyatakan dengan jelas maklumatnya dalam soalan seperti soalan 3 c. Sebaliknya calon perlu meneliti maklumat yang terdapat dalam gambar dan dibantu oleh pengetahuan sains yang lepas untuk ditulis sebagai jawapan yang lengkap. Bagi soalan hubungan 2 (c), jawapan boleh diambil terus daripada maklumat yang terdapat dalam jadual. Bagi soalan kesimpulan (1 soalan) pula, pada tahun ini kurang bilangannya berbanding tahun sebelum ini. Terdapat satu sahaja soalan kesimpulan yang diuji. Jawapan nya boleh diambil terus daripada maklumat dalam gambar dengan menghubungkan apa yang diubah dengan apa yang perhatikan seperti dalam gambar. Rujuk semula kesimpulan pelbagai jawapan yang cikgu sudah jelaskan dalam keluaran DIDIK yang lalu. 6. MERAMAL (2 soalan) Dalam soalan meramal, soalan 5 boleh dijawab dalam bentuk angka kerana boleh dikira dengan kemahiran matematik berdasarkan bacaan nombor daripada jadual. Jawapan boleh dikira dengan tepat. Bagi soalan 2 yang berbentuk gambar pula, jawapan meramal boleh diberi dalam bentuk perkataan kerana tidak melibatkan pengiraan matematik. Jawapan meramal ini berdasarkan pengetahuan sains yang lepas iaitu berkaitan dengan tajuk yang dipelajari dari Tahun 5: Tenaga Cahaya dan Pembentukan Bayangbayang. Pada keseluruhannya, soalan Sains Bahagian B kali ini agak mudah berbanding tahun 2011. Kebanyakan soalan telah pun lengkap maklumatnya untuk diambil sebagai jawapan. Walau bagaimanapun terdapat juga soalan yang kurang maklumatnya untuk diambil sebagai jawapan seperti soalan 3. Soalan ini agak mencabar iaitu calon perlu mengambil masa untuk berfikir dengan menggunakan maklumat yang tidak dinyatakan dengan lengkap dalam soalan, sekali gus mengaitkan dengan kesesuaian tajuk yang dipelajari sebelum menulisnya sebagai jawapan. Tidak dinafikan hanya calon yang betulbetul menguasai tajuktajuk yang dipelajari dan mempu nyai teknik serta cara menjawab yang betul tentang Kemahiran Proses Sains Bahagian B sahaja yang boleh mendapat keputusan cemerlang A. Harapan cikgu agar muridmurid dapat meneruskan pembelajaran dalam Sains Bahagian B ini dengan mengikuti setiap penulisan cikgu dalam keluaran DIDIK seterusnya. Pembelajaran merupakan satu proses berterusan, mulalah dengan langkah yang bijak dari sekarang. Semoga tahun ini lebih bermakna sepanjang kamu berada di sekolah rendah selama 6 tahun, iaitu de ngan mencapai keputusan yang cemerlang dalam UPSR 2013.
Pelajaran Minggu Depan: Pengenalan
4. Hipotesis
5. Mentafsir Data
6. Meramal
JUMLAH MARKAH
20/20
28