LibreOffice - Getting Started

Getting Started with LibreOffice 4.
Copyright
This document is Copyright 20102013 by its contributors as listed below. You may distribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the !" eneral #ublic $icense %http&//www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html'( )ersion 3 or later( or the Creati)e Commons *ttribution $icense %http&//creati)ecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/'( )ersion 3.0 or later.
Contributors
+ean ,ollis -eber 0artin /o1 *ndrew #itonya3 +ohn * 5mith Cover art: 2rew +ensen +ean ,ollis -eber +eremy Cartwright 2an $ewis ,a4el .ussman $aurent 6alland7#oirier Christoph !oac3 .on /aile +r. 2a)id 0ichel #eter 5chofield
8laus7+9rgen -eghorn
Acknowledgements
This boo3 is adapted and updated from Getting Started with OpenOffice.org 3.3. The contributors to that boo3 are listed on page 13.
Feedback
#lease direct any comments or suggestions about this document to& documentation:global.libreoffice.org
Publication date and software version

#ublished 2; /ebruary 2013. 6ased on $ibre<ffice =.0.
Documentation for LibreOffice is available at http://www.libreoffice.org/get-help/documentation
Contents
Copyright..................................................................................................................................... 2
Preface.................................................................................................................................. 9
-ho is this boo3 for>................................................................................................................. 10 -hat?s in this boo3>................................................................................................................... 10 -here to get more help............................................................................................................. 10 -hat you see may be different................................................................................................... 11 "sing $ibre<ffice on a 0ac........................................................................................................ 12 -hat are all these things called>............................................................................................... 12 -ho wrote this boo3>................................................................................................................ 13 *c3nowledgements.................................................................................................................... 13 /re@uently as3ed @uestions....................................................................................................... 1= !ew features in $ibre<ffice =..................................................................................................... 1A
Chapter 1 ntroducing !ibre"ffice..................................................................................................... 1#

-hat is $ibre<ffice>................................................................................................................... 1; *d)antages of $ibre<ffice.......................................................................................................... 1B 0inimum re@uirements.............................................................................................................. 20 ,ow to get the software............................................................................................................. 20 ,ow to install the software......................................................................................................... 20 C1tensions and add7ons............................................................................................................ 20 5tarting $ibre<ffice.................................................................................................................... 20 #arts of the main window........................................................................................................... 22 5tarting new documents............................................................................................................ 2D <pening e1isting documents...................................................................................................... 2D 5a)ing documents..................................................................................................................... 2; .enaming and deleting files....................................................................................................... 31 <pen and 5a)e *s dialogs......................................................................................................... 31 "sing the !a)igator................................................................................................................... 31 "ndoing and redoing changes................................................................................................... 32 Closing a document................................................................................................................... 33 Closing $ibre<ffice..................................................................................................................... 33
Chapter $ %etting up !ibre"ffice........................................................................................................&'

Choosing options for all of $ibre<ffice....................................................................................... 3E Choosing $oad/5a)e options..................................................................................................... A0 Choosing language settings....................................................................................................... AA Choosing Fnternet options.......................................................................................................... AD Controlling $ibre<fficeGs *utoCorrect functions.......................................................................... A;
Chapter & (sing %tyles and )emplates............................................................................................. '9

-hat is a template>................................................................................................................... E0 -hat are styles>........................................................................................................................ E0
Getting Started with LibreOffice .! " 3
*pplying styles........................................................................................................................... E1 0odifying styles......................................................................................................................... E3 Creating new %custom' styles..................................................................................................... EA Copying styles from a template or document............................................................................. EE 2eleting styles........................................................................................................................... EE "sing a template to create a document..................................................................................... ED Creating a template................................................................................................................... E; Cditing a template...................................................................................................................... D1 *dding templates obtained from other sources.......................................................................... D2 5etting a default template.......................................................................................................... D= *ssociating a document with a different template...................................................................... DA <rgani4ing templates................................................................................................................. DA C1amples of style use................................................................................................................ DD
Chapter * +etting %tarted with ,riter............................................................................................... -1

-hat is -riter>.......................................................................................................................... ;2 The -riter interface................................................................................................................... ;2 Changing document )iews......................................................................................................... ;A 0o)ing @uic3ly through a document........................................................................................... ;A -or3ing with documents............................................................................................................ ;E -or3ing with te1t....................................................................................................................... ;D /ormatting te1t........................................................................................................................... BE /ormatting pages..................................................................................................................... 100 *dding comments to a document............................................................................................. 10= Creating a table of contents..................................................................................................... 10A Creating inde1es and bibliographies........................................................................................ 10A -or3ing with graphics.............................................................................................................. 10E #rinting.................................................................................................................................... 10E "sing mail merge..................................................................................................................... 10E Trac3ing changes to a document............................................................................................. 10E "sing fields.............................................................................................................................. 10D $in3ing to another part of a document...................................................................................... 10D "sing master documents......................................................................................................... 110 Creating fill7in forms................................................................................................................. 110
Chapter ' +etting %tarted with Calc.................................................................................................111

-hat is Calc>........................................................................................................................... 112 5preadsheets( sheets and cells............................................................................................... 112 Calc main dialog....................................................................................................................... 112 <pening a C5H file................................................................................................................... 11E 5a)ing spreadsheets................................................................................................................ 11; !a)igating within spreadsheets................................................................................................ 11B 5electing items in a spreadsheet............................................................................................. 123 -or3ing with columns and rows............................................................................................... 12A -or3ing with sheets................................................................................................................. 12E
" Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Hiewing Calc............................................................................................................................ 12B "sing the 3eyboard.................................................................................................................. 131 5peeding up data entry............................................................................................................ 133 5haring content between sheets.............................................................................................. 13E Halidating cell contents............................................................................................................ 13D Cditing data.............................................................................................................................. 13D /ormatting data........................................................................................................................ 13; *uto/ormat of cells.................................................................................................................. 1=1 "sing themes........................................................................................................................... 1=2 "sing conditional formatting..................................................................................................... 1=2 ,iding and showing data.......................................................................................................... 1=3 5orting records........................................................................................................................ 1== "sing formulas and functions................................................................................................... 1=A *naly4ing data......................................................................................................................... 1=A #rinting.................................................................................................................................... 1=E
Chapter . +etting %tarted with mpress.......................................................................................... 1'1

-hat is Fmpress>..................................................................................................................... 1A2 5tarting Fmpress....................................................................................................................... 1A2 0ain Fmpress window.............................................................................................................. 1A3 -or3space )iews..................................................................................................................... 1AE Creating a new presentation.................................................................................................... 1E0 /ormatting a presentation........................................................................................................ 1E2 *dding and formatting te1t....................................................................................................... 1EE *dding pictures( tables( charts and media............................................................................... 1D0 -or3ing with slide masters and styles..................................................................................... 1D3 *dding comments to a presentation......................................................................................... 1DB 5etting up a slide show............................................................................................................ 1DB
Chapter # +etting %tarted with /raw............................................................................................... 1-&

-hat is 2raw>......................................................................................................................... 1;= 2raw wor3space...................................................................................................................... 1;= Choosing and defining colors................................................................................................... 1;D 2rawing basic shapes.............................................................................................................. 1;; lue points and connectors..................................................................................................... 1B= 2rawing geometric shapes...................................................................................................... 1BE 5electing obIects...................................................................................................................... 1B; 0o)ing and adIusting obIect si4e............................................................................................. 1BB .otating and slanting an obIect................................................................................................ 201 Cditing obIects......................................................................................................................... 203 /ormatting area fill................................................................................................................... 20E "sing styles............................................................................................................................. 20E #ositioning obIects................................................................................................................... 20E *pplying special effects........................................................................................................... 20; Combining multiple obIects...................................................................................................... 211
Getting Started with LibreOffice .! " #
*rranging( aligning and distributing obIects.............................................................................. 212 Fnserting and editing pictures................................................................................................... 213 -or3ing with 32 obIects.......................................................................................................... 213 C1porting graphics................................................................................................................... 213 Fnserting comments in a drawing............................................................................................. 213
Chapter +etting %tarted with 0ase............................................................................................... $1'

-hat is 6ase>.......................................................................................................................... 21E #lanning a database................................................................................................................ 21D Creating a new database......................................................................................................... 21; Creating database tables......................................................................................................... 21B Creating a database form........................................................................................................ 22D *ccessing other data sources.................................................................................................. 23; "sing data sources in $ibre<ffice............................................................................................ 23B Cntering data in a form............................................................................................................. 2=3 Creating @ueries...................................................................................................................... 2=A Creating reports....................................................................................................................... 2A=
Chapter 9 +etting %tarted with 1ath............................................................................................... $'9

-hat is 0ath>.......................................................................................................................... 2E0 etting started......................................................................................................................... 2E0 Cntering a formula................................................................................................................... 2E2 /ormula layout......................................................................................................................... 2ED Changing the appearance of formulas..................................................................................... 2D2 /ormulas in -riter documents................................................................................................. 2DA Customi4ations........................................................................................................................ 2D; 0ath commands .eference.................................................................................................. 2;1
Chapter 12 Printing3 45porting3 and 46mailing................................................................................. $-&

Fntroduction.............................................................................................................................. 2;= Juic3 printing........................................................................................................................... 2;= Controlling printing................................................................................................................... 2;= C1porting to #2/..................................................................................................................... 2B3 C1porting to other formats........................................................................................................ 2B; C7mailing documents............................................................................................................... 2B; 2igital signing of documents.................................................................................................... 302 .emo)ing personal data.......................................................................................................... 302
Chapter 11 +raphics3 the +allery3 and Fontwork............................................................................. &2&

Fntroduction.............................................................................................................................. 30= *dding images to a document.................................................................................................. 30= 0odifying and positioning graphics.......................................................................................... 30; 0anaging the $ibre<ffice allery............................................................................................. 30; Creating an image map............................................................................................................ 310
$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
"sing $ibre<fficeGs drawing tools............................................................................................. 312 "sing /ontwor3........................................................................................................................ 31=
Chapter 1$ Creating ,eb Pages........................................................................................................ &$1

Fntroduction.............................................................................................................................. 322 .elati)e and absolute hyperlin3s............................................................................................. 322 Creating hyperlin3s.................................................................................................................. 322 Creating web pages using the -eb -i4ard............................................................................. 32E 5a)ing documents as web pages............................................................................................ 32B
Chapter 1& +etting %tarted with 1acros........................................................................................... &&'

Fntroduction.............................................................................................................................. 33E Your first macros...................................................................................................................... 33E Creating a macro..................................................................................................................... 3=2 0acro recorder failures............................................................................................................ 3=A 0acro organi4ation.................................................................................................................. 3=E ,ow to run a macro.................................................................................................................. 3A0 C1tensions............................................................................................................................... 3A2 -riting macros without the recorder.........................................................................................3A3 /inding more information......................................................................................................... 3A3
Chapter 1* Customi7ing !ibre"ffice................................................................................................. &''

Fntroduction.............................................................................................................................. 3AE Customi4ing menu content...................................................................................................... 3AE Customi4ing toolbars............................................................................................................... 3AB *ssigning shortcut 3eys........................................................................................................... 3E2 *ssigning macros to e)ents..................................................................................................... 3EA *dding functionality with e1tensions........................................................................................ 3EA
Appendi5 A 8eyboard %hortcuts.........................................................................................................&.#

Fntroduction.............................................................................................................................. 3E; eneral 3eyboard shortcuts..................................................................................................... 3EB !a)igating and selecting with the 3eyboard............................................................................. 3D0 Controlling dialogs................................................................................................................... 3D0 0acros..................................................................................................................................... 3D1 etting help............................................................................................................................. 3D1 0anaging documents............................................................................................................... 3D1 Cditing...................................................................................................................................... 3D2 5electing rows and columns in a database table opened by /=...............................................3D2 5hortcut 3eys for drawing obIects............................................................................................ 3D2 2efining 3eyboard shortcuts.................................................................................................... 3D= /urther reading........................................................................................................................ 3D=
Appendi5 0 "pen %ource3 "pen %tandards3 "pen/ocument..........................................................&#'

Getting Started with LibreOffice .! " %
Fntroduction.............................................................................................................................. 3DE * short history of $ibre<ffice.................................................................................................... 3DE The $ibre<ffice community...................................................................................................... 3DE ,ow is $ibre<ffice licensed>.................................................................................................... 3DD -hat is Kopen sourceL>............................................................................................................ 3DD -hat are Kopen standardsL>.................................................................................................... 3DD -hat is <pen2ocument>......................................................................................................... 3DD /ile formats $ibre<ffice can open............................................................................................ 3D; /ile formats $ibre<ffice can sa)e to......................................................................................... 3;0 C1porting to other formats........................................................................................................ 3;2
nde5.................................................................................................................................. &-&
& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
'reface
,ho is this book for9

*nyone who wants to get up to speed @uic3ly with $ibre<ffice will find this etting 5tarted uide )aluable. You may be new to office software( or you may be familiar with another office suite.
,hat:s in this book9

This boo3 introduces the main components of $ibre<ffice&
-riter %word processing' Calc %spreadsheets' Fmpress %presentations' 2raw %)ector graphics' 6ase %database 0ath %e@uation editor'
Ft also co)ers some of the features common to all components( including setup and customi4ation( styles and templates( macro recording( and printing. /or more detail( see the user guides for the indi)idual components.
,here to get more help

This boo3( the other $ibre<ffice user guides( the built7in ,elp system( and user support systems assume that you are familiar with your computer and basic functions such as starting a program( opening and sa)ing files.
;elp system
$ibre<ffice comes with an e1tensi)e ,elp system. This is your first line of support for using $ibre<ffice. To display the full ,elp system( press () or select !ibre"ffice ;elp from the ,elp menu. Fn addition( you can choose whether to acti)ate Tips( C1tended tips( and the ,elp *gent %using )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < +eneral'. Ff Tips are enabled( place the mouse pointer o)er any of the icons to see a small bo1 %KtooltipL' with a brief e1planation of the iconGs function. /or a more detailed e1planation( select ;elp < ,hat:s )his9 and hold the pointer o)er the icon.
Free online support

The $ibre<ffice community not only de)elops software( but pro)ides free( )olunteer7based support. 5ee Table 1 and this web page& http&//www.libreoffice.org/get7help/ "sers can get comprehensi)e online support from the community through mailing lists. <ther websites run by users also offer free tips and tutorials. This forum pro)ides community support for $ibre<ffice& http&//en.libreofficeforum.org/ This site pro)ides support for $ibre<ffice( among other programs& http&//user.ser)ices.openoffice.org/en/forum/
)! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Paid support and training

*lternati)ely( you can pay for support ser)ices. 5er)ice contracts can be purchased from a )endor or consulting firm speciali4ing in $ibre<ffice. *able ): (ree support for LibreOffice users Free LibreOffice support
/*Js *nswers to fre@uently as3ed @uestions http&//www.libreoffice.org/get7help/fa@/ http&//wi3i.documentfoundation.org//a@ "ser guides( how7tos( and other documentation. http&//www.libreoffice.org/get7help/documentation/ https&//wi3i.documentfoundation.org/2ocumentation/#ublications /ree community support is pro)ided by a networ3 of e1perienced users http&//www.libreoffice.org/get7help/mailing7lists/ The $ibre<ffice website in your language. http&//www.libreoffice.org/international7sites/ Fnternational mailing lists http&//wi3i.documentfoundation.org/$ocalM0ailingM$ists Fnformation about a)ailable accessibility options. http&//www.libreoffice.org/get7help/accessibility/
2ocumentation 0ailing lists
Fnternational support
*ccessibility options
,hat you see may be different

llustrations
$ibre<ffice runs on -indows( $inu1( and 0ac <5 N operating systems( each of which has se)eral )ersions and can be customi4ed by users %fonts( colors( themes( window managers'. The illustrations in this guide were ta3en from a )ariety of computers and operating systems. Therefore( some illustrations will not loo3 e1actly li3e what you see on your computer display. *lso( some of the dialogs may be differ because of the settings selected in $ibre<ffice. You can either use dialogs from your computer system %default' or dialogs pro)ided by $ibre<ffice. To change to using $ibre<ffice dialogs& 1' <n $inu1 and -indows operating systems( go to )ools < "ptions <!ibre"ffice < +eneral on the main menu bar to open the dialog for general options. 2' <n a 0ac operating system( go to !ibre"ffice < Preferences < +eneral on the main menu bar to open the dialog for general options. 3' 5elect +se LibreOffice dialogs in Open/Save dialogs and( in $inu1 and 0ac <5 N operating systems only( 'rint dialogs to display the $ibre<ffice dialogs on your computer display. =' Clic3 "8 to sa)e your settings and close the dialog.
cons
The icons used to illustrate some of the many tools a)ailable in $ibre<ffice may differ from the ones used in this guide. The icons in this guide ha)e been ta3en from a $ibre<ffice installation that has been set to display the ala1y set of icons.
'reface " ))
Ff you wish( you can change your $ibre<ffice software pac3age to display ala1y icons as follows& 1' <n $inu1 and -indows operating systems( go to )ools < "ptions <!ibre"ffice < =iew on the main menu bar to open the dialog for )iew options. 2' <n a 0ac operating system( go to !ibre"ffice < Preferences < =iew on the main menu bar to open the dialog for )iew options. 3' Fn +ser interface , -con si.e and st/le select Gala0/ from the options a)ailable in the drop7 down list. =' Clic3 "8 to sa)e your settings and close the dialog.
5ome $inu1 operating systems( for e1ample "buntu( include $ibre<ffice as part of the installation and may not include the ala1y set of icons. You should be able to download the ala1y icon set from the software repository for your $inu1 operating system.
>ote
(sing !ibre"ffice on a 1ac

5ome 3eystro3es and menu items are different on a 0ac from those used in -indows and $inu1. The table below gi)es some common substitutions for the instructions in this chapter. /or a more detailed list( see the application ,elp. Windows or Linux
)ools < "ptions menu selection 1ight-clic2 3trl 53ontrol6 (# ())
Mac equivalent
!ibre"ffice < Preferences 3ontrol4clic2 and/or right-clic2 depending on computer setup z 53ommand6 ShiftOzO(# zO*
Effect
*ccess setup options <pen a conte1t menu "sed with other 3eys <pen the !a)igator <pen the 5tyles and /ormatting window
,hat are all these things called9

The terms used in $ibre<ffice for most parts of the user interface %the parts of the program you see and use( in contrast to the behind7the7scenes code that actually ma3es it wor3' are the same as for most other programs. * dialog is a special type of window. Fts purpose is to inform you of something( or re@uest input from you( or both. Ft pro)ides controls for you to use to specify how to carry out an action. The technical names for common controls are shown in /igure 1. Fn most cases we do not use the technical terms in this boo3( but it is useful to 3now them because the ,elp and other sources of information often use them. 1' 2' 3' =' Tabbed page %not strictly spea3ing a control'. .adio buttons %only one can be selected at a time'. Chec3bo1 %more than one can be selected at a time'. 5pin bo1 %clic3 the up and down arrows to change the number shown in the te1t bo1 ne1t to it( or type in the te1t bo1'. A' Thumbnail or pre)iew. E' 2rop7down list from which to select an item. D' #ush buttons.
)7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure ): Dialog showing common controls Fn most cases( you can interact only with the dialog %not the document itself' as long as the dialog remains open. -hen you close the dialog after use %usually( clic3ing "8 or another button sa)es your changes and closes the dialog'( then you can again wor3 with your document. 5ome dialogs can be left open as you wor3( so you can switch bac3 and forth between the dialog and your document. *n e1ample of this type is the /ind P .eplace dialog.
,ho wrote this book9

This boo3 was written by )olunteers from the $ibre<ffice community. #rofits from sales of the printed edition will be used to benefit the community.
Acknowledgements
This boo3 is adapted from Getting Started with OpenOffice.org 3.3. The contributors to that boo3 are& +ean ,ollis -eber 0ichele Qarri 0agnus *dielsson Thomas *stleitner .ichard 6arnes *gnes 6el4unce Chris 6onde !icole Cairns 2aniel Carrera +i,ui Choi .ichard 2etwiler *le1ander !oRl 2unne $aurent 2uper)al 5pencer C. ,arpe .egina ,enschel #eter ,illier76roo3 .ichard ,olt +ohn 8ane .achel 8artch 5tefan *. 8eel +ared 8obos 0ichael 8otsarinis #eter 8upfer Fan $aurenson 2an $ewis *lan 0adden 0ichel #in@uier *ndrew #itonya3 Carol .oberts Fain .oberts ,a4el .ussman ary 5chnabl .obert 5cott +oe 5ellman +anet 5wisher +im Taylor *le1 Thurgood 6arbara 0. Tobias Claire -ood $inda -orthington
'reface " )3
Fre?uently asked ?uestions

;ow is !ibre"ffice licensed9 $ibre<ffice is distributed under the <pen 5ource Fnitiati)e %<5F' appro)ed $esser eneral #ublic $icense %$ #$'. The $ #$ license is a)ailable from the $ibre<ffice website& http&//www.libreoffice.org/download/license/ 1ay distribute !ibre"ffice to anyone9 Yes. ;ow many computers may install it on9 *s many as you li3e. 1ay sell it9 Yes. 1ay use !ibre"ffice in my business9 Yes. s !ibre"ffice available in my language9 $ibre<ffice has been translated %locali4ed' into o)er =0 languages( so your language probably is supported. *dditionally( there are o)er D0 spelling( h/phenation( and thesaurus dictionaries a)ailable for languages( and dialects that do not ha)e a locali4ed program interface. The dictionaries are a)ailable from the $ibre<ffice website at& www.libreoffice.org. ;ow can you make it for free9 $ibre<ffice is de)eloped and maintained by )olunteers and has the bac3ing of se)eral organi4ations. am writing a software application. 1ay use programming code from !ibre"ffice in my program9 You may( within the parameters set in the $ #$. .ead the license& http&//www.libreoffice.org/download/license/ ,hy do need @ava to run !ibre"ffice9 s it written in @ava9 $ibre<ffice is not written in +a)aS it is written in the COO language. +a)a is one of se)eral languages that can be used to e1tend the software. The +a)a +28/+.C is only re@uired for some features. The most notable one is the ,5J$26 relational database engine. !ote& +a)a is a)ailable at no cost. Ff you do not want to use +a)a( you can still use nearly all of the features of $ibre<ffice. ;ow can contribute to !ibre"ffice9 You can help with the de)elopment and user support of $ibre<ffice in many ways( and you do not need to be a programmer. To start( chec3 out this webpage& http&//www.documentfoundation.org/contribution/ 1ay distribute the P/F of this book3 or print and sell copies9 Yes( as long as you meet the re@uirements of one of the licenses in the copyright statement at the beginning of this boo3. You do not ha)e to re@uest special permission. Fn addition( we re@uest that you share with the proIect some of the profits you ma3e from sales of boo3s( in consideration of all the wor3 we ha)e put into producing them.
) " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
>ew features in !ibre"ffice *

$ibre<ffice =.0 offers a large number of new characteristics( which are listed on this page& https&//www.libreoffice.org/download/=707new7features7and7fi1es. ,ere are some highlights&
Fntegration with se)eral content and document management systems including *lfresco(
F60 /ile!et #;( 0icrosoft 5harepoint 2010( !u1eo( <penTe1t( 5*# !et-ea)er Cloud 5er)ice and others through the C0F5 standard.
6etter interoperability with 2<CN and .T/ documents( than3s to se)eral new features and
impro)ements li3e the possibility of importing annotations and attaching comments to te1t ranges.
#ossibility to import 0icrosoft #ublisher documents( and further impro)ement of Hisio

import filters with the addition of 2013 )ersion %Iust announced'.
*dditional "F incremental impro)ements( including "nity integration and support of /irefo1
Themes %#ersonas' to gi)e $ibre<ffice a personali4ed loo3.
2ifferent header and footer on the first page of a -riter document( without the need of a
separate page style.
5e)eral performance impro)ements to Calc( plus new features such as e1port of charts as
images %+# and #! ' and new spreadsheet functions as defined in <2/ <pen/ormula.
/irst release of Fmpress .emote Control *pp for *ndroid( supported only on some $inu1
distributions. %The second release( coming soon( will be supported on all platforms& -indows( 0ac<5 N( and all $inu1 distros and binaries.'
5ignificant performance impro)ements when loading and sa)ing many types of documents(
with particular impro)ements for large <25 and N$5N spreadsheets and .T/ files.
Fntroduction of the widget layout techni@ue for dialogs( which ma3es it easier to translate(
resi4e and hide "F elements( reduces code comple1ity( and lays a foundation for a much impro)ed user interface.
Fmpro)ed code contribution than3s to errit& a web based code re)iew system( facilitating
the tas3 for proIects using it )ersion control system %although this is not specific of $ibre<ffice =.0( it has entered the production stage Iust before the =.0 branch'.
'reface " )#
3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice
,hat is !ibre"ffice9
$ibre<ffice is a freely a)ailable( fully7featured office producti)ity suite. Fts nati)e file format is <pen 2ocument /ormat %<2/'( an open standard format that is being adopted by go)ernments worldwide as a re@uired file format for publishing and accepting documents. $ibre<ffice can also open and sa)e documents in many other formats( including those used by se)eral )ersions of 0icrosoft <ffice. $ibre<ffice includes the following components.
,riter Aword processorB

-riter is a feature7rich tool for creating letters( boo3s( reports( newsletters( brochures( and other documents. You can insert graphics and obIects from other components into -riter documents. -riter can e1port files to ,T0$( N,T0$( N0$( *dobe #ortable 2ocument /ormat %#2/'( and se)eral )ersions of 0icrosoft -ord files. Ft also connects to your email client.
Calc AspreadsheetB
Calc has all of the ad)anced analysis( charting( and decision ma3ing features e1pected from a high7end spreadsheet. Ft includes o)er 300 functions for financial( statistical( and mathematical operations( among others. The 5cenario 0anager pro)ides Kwhat ifL analysis. Calc generates 22 and 32 charts( which can be integrated into other $ibre<ffice documents. You can also open and wor3 with 0icrosoft C1cel wor3boo3s and sa)e them in C1cel format. Calc can also e1port spreadsheets in se)eral formats( including for e1ample Comma 5eparated Halue %C5H'( *dobe #2/ and ,T0$ formats.
mpress ApresentationsB
Fmpress pro)ides all the common multimedia presentation tools( such as special effects( animation( and drawing tools. Ft is integrated with the ad)anced graphics capabilities of $ibre<ffice 2raw and 0ath components. 5lideshows can be further enhanced using /ontwor3 special effects te1t( as well as sound and )ideo clips. Fmpress is compatible with 0icrosoft #ower#oint file format and can also sa)e your wor3 in numerous graphics formats( including 0acromedia /lash %5-/'.
/raw Avector graphicsB

2raw is a )ector drawing tool that can produce e)erything from simple diagrams or flowcharts to 32 artwor3. Fts 5mart Connectors feature allows you to define your own connection points. You can use 2raw to create drawings for use in any of the $ibre<ffice components( and you can create your own clip art then add it to the allery. 2raw can import graphics from many common formats and sa)e them in o)er 20 formats( including #! ( ,T0$( #2/( and /lash.
0ase AdatabaseB
6ase pro)ides tools for day7to7day database wor3 within a simple interface. Ft can create and edit forms( reports( @ueries( tables( )iews( and relations( so that managing a relational database is much the same as in other popular database applications. 6ase pro)ides many new features( such as the ability to analy4e and edit relationships from a diagram )iew. 6ase incorporates ,5J$26 as its default relational database engine. Ft can also use d6*5C( 0icrosoft *ccess( 0y5J$( or <racle( or any <26C compliant or +26C compliant database. 6ase also pro)ides support for a subset of *!5F7B2 5J$.
)& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
1ath Aformula editorB

0ath is the $ibre<ffice formula or e@uation editor. You can use it to create comple1 e@uations that include symbols or characters not a)ailable in standard font sets. -hile it is most commonly used to create formulae in other documents( such as -riter and Fmpress files( 0ath can also wor3 as a standalone tool. You can sa)e formulae in the standard 0athematical 0ar3up $anguage %0ath0$' format for inclusion in web pages and other documents not created by $ibre<ffice.
Advantages of !ibre"ffice
,ere are some of the ad)antages of $ibre<ffice o)er other office suites&
>o licensing fees. $ibre<ffice is free for anyone to use and distribute at no cost. 0any
features that are a)ailable as e1tra cost add7ins in other office suites %li3e #2/ e1port' are free with $ibre<ffice. There are no hidden charges now or in the future.
"pen source. You can distribute( copy( and modify the software as much as you wish( in
accordance with either of the $ibre<ffice <pen 5ource licenses.
Cross6platform. $ibre<ffice runs on se)eral hardware architectures and under multiple

operating systems( such as 0icrosoft -indows( 0ac <5 N and $inu1.
45tensive language support. The $ibre<ffice user interface is a)ailable in o)er =0

languages and the $ibre<ffice proIect pro)ides spelling( hyphenation( and thesaurus dictionaries in o)er D0 languages and dialects. $ibre<ffice also pro)ides support for both Comple1 Te1t $ayout %CT$' and .ight to $eft %.T$' layout languages %such as "rdu( ,ebrew( and *rabic'.
Consistent user interface. *ll the components ha)e a similar Kloo3 and feel(L ma3ing them
easy to use and master.
ntegration. The components of $ibre<ffice are well integrated with one another.
*ll the components share a common spelling chec3er and other tools( which are used consistently across the suite. /or e1ample( the drawing tools a)ailable in -riter are also found in Calc( with similar but enhanced )ersions in Fmpress and 2raw. You do not need to 3now which application was used to create a particular file. /or e1ample( you can open a 2raw file from -riter.
+ranularity. "sually( if you change an option( it affects all components. ,owe)er(

$ibre<ffice options can be set at a component le)el or e)en at document le)el.
File compatibility. Fn addition to its nati)e <pen2ocument formats( $ibre<ffice includes

#2/ and /lash e1port capabilities( as well as support for opening and sa)ing files in many common formats including 0icrosoft <ffice( ,T0$( N0$( -ord#erfect( and $otus 17273 formats. *n e1tension %included' pro)ides the ability to import and edit some #2/ files.
>o vendor lock6in. $ibre<ffice uses <pen2ocument( an N0$ %eNtensible 0ar3up

$anguage' file format de)eloped as an industry standard by <*5F5 %<rgani4ation for the *d)ancement of 5tructured Fnformation 5tandards'. These files can easily be un4ipped and read by any te1t editor( and their framewor3 is open and published.
Cou have a voice. Cnhancements( software fi1es( and release dates are community7
dri)en. You can Ioin the community and affect the course of the product you use. You can read more about $ibre<ffice and The 2ocument /oundation on their websites at http&//www.libreoffice.org/ and http&//www.documentfoundation.org/.
3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice " )8
1inimum re?uirements
$ibre<ffice =.0 re@uires one of the following operating systems&
1icrosoft ,indows N#( Hista( -indows D( or -indows ; +>(D!inu5 8ernel )ersion 2.E.1;( glibc2 )2.A or higher( and gt3 )2.10.= or higher 1ac "% E 10.= %Tiger' or higher
*dministrator rights are needed for the installation process. 5ome $ibre<ffice features %wi4ards and the ,5J$26 database engine' re@uire that the +a)a .untime Cn)ironment %+.C' is installed on your computer. *lthough $ibre<ffice will wor3 without +a)a support( some features will not be a)ailable. /or a more detailed listing of re@uirements( see the $ibre<ffice website( http&//www.libreoffice.org/download/system7re@uirements/.
;ow to get the software

The software can be downloaded from http&//www.libreoffice.org/. You can also download the software by using a #eer7to7#eer client( such as 6itTorrent( at the same address. $inu1 users will find $ibre<ffice included in many of the latest $inu1 distributionsS "buntu is Iust one e1ample.
;ow to install the software

Fnformation on installing and setting up $ibre<ffice on the )arious supported operating systems is gi)en here& http&//www.libreoffice.org/get7help/installation/.
45tensions and add6ons

C1tensions and add ons are a)ailable to enhance $ibre<ffice. 5e)eral e1tensions are installed with the program and others are a)ailable from the official e1tensions repository( http&//e1tensions.libreoffice.org/. 5ee 3hapter ) 3ustomi.ing LibreOffice for more information on installing e1tensions and add ons.
%tarting !ibre"ffice
The most common way to launch any component of $ibre<ffice is by using the system menu( the standard menu from which most applications are started. <n -indows( it is called the 5tart menu. <n !<0C( it is called the *pplications menu. <n 82C it is identified by the 82C logo. <n 0ac <5 N( it is the *pplications menu. -hen $ibre<ffice was installed on your computer( a menu entry for $ibre<ffice and each $ibre<ffice component was added to your system menu if your computer uses a -indows or $inu1 operating system. <n computers operating 0ac <5 N( only a menu entry for $ibre<ffice is added to the *pplications menu. Clic3ing on the $ibre<ffice menu entry opens the $ibre<ffice 5tart Center %/igure 2' from where you can select the indi)idual components of $ibre<ffice. You can also select to open an e1isting file or use a template.
7! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 7: LibreOffice Start 3enter
%tarting from an e5isting document

You can start $ibre<ffice by double7clic3ing the filename that is an <2/ document in a file manager such as -indows C1plorer. The appropriate component of $ibre<ffice will start and the document will be loaded. Ff 0icrosoft <ffice is installed on your computer and you ha)e associated 0icrosoft <ffice file types with $ibre<ffice( when you double7clic3 on the file&
/or a -ord file %T.doc or T.doc1'( it opens in -riter. /or an C1cel file %T.1ls or T.1ls1'( it opens in Calc. /or a #ower#oint file %T.ppt or T.ppt1'( it opens in Fmpress.
Ff you did not associate the file types and 0icrosoft <ffice is installed on your computer( then when you double7clic3 on a 0icrosoft <ffice file( it opens using the appropriate 0icrosoft <ffice component. /or more information on opening files( see K<pening e1isting documentsL on page 2D.
Fuickstarter for ,indows

The $ibre<ffice installation process installs Juic3starter on computers using the -indows operating system. Juic3starter is installed in the -indows system tray and is automatically loaded during system startup. Ft loads *.DLL library files re@uired by $ibre<ffice( resulting in a shorter startup time for $ibre<ffice components. Ff Juic3starter has been disabled( see K.eacti)ating Juic3starterL on page 22 to enable it.
sing !uic"starter
.ight7clic3 the Fuickstarter icon in the system tray to open a pop7up menu %/igure 3' from which you can open a new document( or open the Templates 0anager( or choose an e1isting document to open. You can also double7clic3 the Fuickstarter icon to open the Templates 0anager.
3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice " 7)
(igure 3: 9uic2starter menu in :indows
#isabling !uic"starter
To close Juic3starter( right7clic3 on the icon in the system tray( and then clic3 45it Fuickstarter in the pop7up menu. The ne1t time the computer is restarted( Juic3starter will be loaded again. To pre)ent $ibre<ffice from loading Juic3starter during system startup( deselect the !oad !ibre"ffice during system start6up item on the pop7up menu. You might want to do this if your computer has insufficient memory( for e1ample.
$eactivating !uic"starter
Ff Juic3starter has been disabled( you can reacti)ate it by selecting the !oad !ibre"ffice during system start6up chec3 bo1 in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < 1emory.
Linux and Mac OS %

Computers operating $inu1 and 0ac <5 N do not ha)e a Juic3starter module. To launch $ibre<ffice you ha)e to clic3 on the $ibre<ffice icon in *pplications. This opens the $ibre<ffice startup screen %/igure 2' from where you can select the )arious $ibre<ffice components or select to open an e1isting file or use a template.
Parts of the main window

The main window is similar for each component of $ibre<ffice( although some details )ary. 5ee the rele)ant chapters in this guide about -riter( Calc( 2raw( and Fmpress for descriptions of those details. Common features include the main menu bar( standard toolbar( and formatting toolbar at the top of the window and the status bar at the bottom.
1ain menu bar

The ;ain menu bar is located across the top of the $ibre<ffice window( Iust below the Title bar. -hen you select one of the menus listed below( a sub7menu drops down to show commands.
File contains commands that apply to the entire document such as <pen( 5a)e( and
C1port as #2/.
77 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
4dit contains commands for editing the document such as "ndo& 111 %where 111 is the
command to undo' and /ind P .eplace. Ft also contains commands to cut( copy( and paste selected parts of your document.
=iew contains commands for controlling the display of the document such as Qoom and
-eb $ayout.
nsert contains commands for inserting elements into your document such as ,eader( /ooter( and #icture. formatting the layout of your document.
Format contains commands( such as 5tyles and /ormatting and *utoCorrect( for
)able contains all commands to insert and edit a table in a te1t document. )ools contains functions such as 5pelling and rammar( Customi4e( and <ptions. ,indow contains commands for the display window. ;elp contains lin3s to the $ibre<ffice ,elp file( -hatGs This>( and information about the program.
)oolbars
$ibre<ffice has two types of toolbars& doc3ed %fi1ed in place' and floating. 2oc3ed toolbars can be mo)ed to different locations or made to float( and floating toolbars can be doc3ed. Fn a default $ibre<ffice installation( the top doc3ed toolbar( Iust under the 0ain menu bar( is called the Standard toolbar. Ft is consistent across the $ibre<ffice applications. The second toolbar at the top( in a default $ibre<ffice installation( is the (ormatting bar. Ft is conte1t7sensiti)eS that is( it shows the tools rele)ant to the current position of the cursor or the obIect selected. /or e1ample( when the cursor is on a graphic( the /ormatting bar pro)ides tools for formatting graphicsS when the cursor is in te1t( the tools are for formatting te1t.
#is&la'ing or hiding toolbars

To display or hide toolbars( go to =iew < )oolbars on the main menu bar( then clic3 on the name of a toolbar from the drop7down list. *n acti)e toolbar shows a chec37mar3 beside its name. Toolbars created from tool palettes are not listed in the Hiew menu. To close a toolbar( clic3 on the N on the right of the toolbar title or go to =iew < )oolbars on the main menu bar and deselect the toolbar.
(igure : <0ample of tearing off a tool palette
3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice " 73
Sub()enus and tool &alettes

Toolbar icons with a small triangle to the right will display sub-menus( tool palettes( and other ways of selecting things( depending on the icon. Tool palettes can be made into a floating toolbar and /igure = shows an e1ample of a tool palette from the 2rawing toolbar made into a floating toolbar. 5ee K0o)ing toolbarsL and K/loating toolbarsL below for more information on mo)ing and floating these toolbars created from tool palettes.
Moving toolbars
2oc3ed toolbars can be undoc3ed and mo)ed to a new doc3ed position or left as a floating toolbar. 1' 0o)e the mouse cursor o)er the toolbar handle( which is the small )ertical bar to the left of a doc3ed toolbar and highlighted in /igure A. 2' ,old down the left mouse button and drag the toolbar to the new location. The toolbar can be doc3ed in a new position at the top( sides or bottom of the main window( or left as a floating toolbar. 3' .elease the mouse button. =' To mo)e a floating toolbar( clic3 on its title bar and drag it to a new floating location or doc3 the toolbar at the top or bottom of the main window.
(igure #: *oolbar handles

You can also doc3 a floating toolbar by holding down the 3trl 3ey and clic3ing in the title bar of the toolbar.
>ote
*loating toolbars
$ibre<ffice includes se)eral additional toolbars( whose default setting appear as floating toolbars in response to the current position of the cursor or selection. You can doc3 these toolbars to the top or bottom of the main window( or reposition them on your computer display %see K0o)ing toolbarsL abo)e'. 5ome of these additional toolbars are conte1t sensiti)e and will automatically appear depending on the position of the cursor. /or e1ample( when the cursor is in a table( a *able toolbar appears( and when the cursor is in a numbered or bullet list( the =ullets and >umbering toolbar appears.
+usto)i,ing toolbars
You can customi4e toolbars in se)eral ways( including choosing which icons are )isible and loc3ing the position of a doc3ed toolbar. You can also add icons and create new toolbars( as described in 3hapter ) 3ustomi.ing LibreOffice. To access the customi4ation options for a toolbar( right7clic3 between the icons on a toolbar. * conte1t menu opens.
To show or hide icons defined for the selected toolbar( clic3 =isible 0uttons. Hisible icons
on a toolbar are indicated by an outline around the icon %/igure E' or by a chec3 mar3 beside the icon( depending on your operating system. 5elect or deselect icons to hide or show them on the toolbar.
(igure $: Selection of visible toolbar icons
Clic3 Customise )oolbar to open the Customise dialog( see 3hapter ) 3ustomi.ing
LibreOffice for more information.
Clic3 /ock )oolbar to doc3 the selected toolbar. 6y default( a toolbar will doc3 at the top of
the wor3space. You can reposition the toolbar to a different doc3ed positionS see K0o)ing toolbarsL on page 2=.
Clic3 /ock All )oolbars to doc3 all floating toolbars. 6y default( toolbars will doc3 at the
top of the wor3space. You can reposition the toolbars to different doc3ed positionsS see K0o)ing toolbarsL on page 2=.
Clic3 !ock )oolbar Position to loc3 a doc3ed toolbar into its doc3ed position. Clic3 Close )oolbar to close the selected toolbar.
/ockingDfloating dialogs
-hen dialogs open( they are floating dialogs( unless they ha)e been doc3ed when $ibre<ffice was last opened. These floating dialogs can be doc3ed by holding down the 3trl 3ey and double7 clic3ing in a )acant area near the icons at the top of the floating dialog. The dialog will then doc3 in its last doc3ed position on the wor3space. *fter doc3ing( you can resi4e the doc3ed dialog and reposition in a new doc3ed position. To undoc3 a doc3ed dialog and ma3e it floating( hold down the 3trl 3ey and double7clic3 in a )acant area near the icons at the top of the doc3ed dialog. *lternati)ely( clic3 and hold in a )acant area near the icons at the top of the doc3ed dialog and drag it to a floating position.
3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice " 7#
Conte5t menus
Conte1t menus are a @uic3 access to many menu functions and are opened by right7clic3ing on a paragraph( graphic( or other obIect. -hen a conte1t menu opens( the functions or options a)ailable will be dependent on the obIect that has been selected. * conte1t menu can be the easiest way to reach a function( especially if you are not sure where a function is located in the menus or toolbars.
%tatus bar
The status bar is located at the bottom of the wor3space. Ft pro)ides information about the document and con)enient ways to @uic3ly change some features. Ft is similar in -riter( Calc( Fmpress( and 2raw( but each $ibre<ffice component includes some component7specific items. *n e1ample of the -riter status bar is shown in /igure D.
(igure %: <0ample status bar from :riter Page3 sheet3 or slide number 5hows the current page( sheet( or slide number and the total number of pages and words( sheets( or slides in the document. 2ouble7clic3 on this field to open the !a)igator. <ther uses of this field depend on the $ibre<ffice component. Page style or slide design 5hows the current page style or slide design. To edit the current page style or slide design( double7clic3 on this field. !anguage 5hows the current language of the whole document. nsert mode 5hows the type of insert mode the program is in. This field is blan3 if the program is in Fnsert mode. #ress the -ns 3ey to change modes. (nsaved changes *n icon appears here if changes to the document ha)e not been sa)ed. /igital signature Ff the document has been digitally signed( an icon shows here. You can double7clic3 the icon to )iew the certificate. "bGect information 2isplays information rele)ant to the position of the cursor or the selected element of the document. 2ouble7clic3ing in this area usually opens a rele)ant dialog. Hoom slider 2rag the Qoom slider( or clic3 on the I and J signs to change the )iew magnification.
7$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Hoom percentage Fndicates the magnification le)el of the document. .ight7clic3 on the percentage figure to open a list of magnification )alues from which to choose. 2ouble7clic3ing on this percentage figure opens the Hoom K =iew !ayout dialog.
%tarting new documents

You can start a new( blan3 document in $ibre<ffice in se)eral ways. -hen $ibre<ffice is open but no document is open( the 5tart Center %/igure 2 on page 21' is shown. Clic3 one of the icons to open a new document of that type( or clic3 the )emplates icon to start a new document using a template. You can also start a new document in one of the following ways&
"se File < >ew on the main menu bar and select the type of document from the conte1t
menu.
"se 3trl4> on the 3eyboard to start a new te1t document. "se File < ,i7ards on the main menu bar and select the type of document from the
conte1t menu.
Ff a document is already open in $ibre<ffice( clic3 the >ew icon on the 5tandard toolbar
and a new document of the same type opens in a new window. /or e1ample( if Calc is open( a new spreadsheet is opened. The !ew icon changes depending on which component of $ibre<ffice is open.
>ote
Ff all documents are closed without closing $ibre<ffice( then the 5tart Center will be displayed.
"pening e5isting documents

You can also open an e1isting document in one of the following ways&
-hen no document is open( clic3 the "pen icon

list of a)ailable documents. opened documents.
on the 5tart Center and select from a
Clic3 the small triangle to the right of the <pen icon and select from a list of recently
o to File < "pen on the main menu bar
Clic3 the "pen icon on the 5tandard toolbar if there is a document already open. #ress 3ontrol4O on the 3eyboard.
Fn each case abo)e( an <pen dialog opens. !a)igate to the folder you want and select the file you want( and then clic3 "pen. Ff a document is already open in $ibre<ffice( the second document opens in a new window. Fn the <pen dialog( you can reduce the list of files by selecting the type of file you are loo3ing for. /or e1ample( if you choose )e5t documents as the file type( you will only see documents -riter can open %including... .odt( .doc( .txt'S if you choose %preadsheets( you will see .ods( .xls( and other files that Calc opens. You can also open an e1isting document that is in a format that $ibre<ffice recogni4es by double7 clic3ing on the file icon on the des3top or in a file manager such as -indows C1plorer. $ibre<ffice has to be associated with file types that are not <2/ files for the appropriate $ibre<ffice component to open.
3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice " 7%
>ote
<n computers operating 0icrosoft -indows or 0ac <5 N( you can select to use the $ibre<ffice <pen/5a)e dialogs or the ones pro)ided by the computer operating system. 5ee K<pen and 5a)e *s dialogsL on page 31 for more information.
%aving documents
You can sa)e documents as follows&
"sing the %ave command if you are 3eeping the document( its current filename and
location.
"sing the %ave As command if you want to create a new document( or change the
filename and/or file format( or sa)e the file in a different location on your computer.
"sing password protection if you want to restrict who can open and read the document( or
open and edit the document.
%ave command
To sa)e a document if you are 3eeping the document( its current filename and location( do one of the following&
"se the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4S. o to File < %ave on the main menu bar. Clic3 the %ave icon
on the standard toolbar. "sing the 5a)e command will o)erwrite the last sa)ed )ersion of the file.
%ave As command
To sa)e a document if you want to create a new document( or change the filename and/or file format( or sa)e the file in a different location on your computer&
"se the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4Shift4S. o to File < %ave As on the main menu bar.
(igure &: <0ample of LibreOffice Save ?s dialog

7& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 8: <0ample of an operating s/stem Save dialog -hen the %ave As dialog %/igure ;' or %ave dialog %/igure B' opens( enter the file name( change the file format %if applicable'( na)igate to a new location %if applicable'( and clic3 %ave. The dialog that opens when using the 5a)e *s command depends on the options that ha)e been set in $ibre<ffice. 5ee K<pen and 5a)e *s dialogsL on page 31 for more information.
Password protection
To protect a document and restrict who can open and read the document( or open and edit the document( you ha)e to use password protection. 1' "sing the 5a)e *s command abo)e( select the %ave with password option in the 5a)e *s dialog or 5a)e dialog. 2' Clic3 %ave and the %et Password dialog opens %/igure 10'. 3' Fn (ile encr/ption password( enter a password to open the document and then enter the same password as confirmation. =' To restrict who can edit the document( clic3 the 1ore "ptions button. This button changes to Fewer "ptions when clic3ed. A' Fn (ile sharing password( select "pen file read only and enter a password to allow editing and then enter the same password as confirmation. E' Clic3 "8 and the dialog closes. Ff the passwords match( the document is sa)ed password protected. Ff the passwords do not match( you recei)e an error message.
(igure )!: Set 'assword dialog
Caution
$ibre<ffice uses a )ery strong encryption mechanism that ma3es it almost impossible to reco)er the contents of a document if you lose or forget the password.
Changing password
-hen a document is password7protected( you can change the password while the document is open. o to File < Properties < +eneral on the main menu bar and clic3 the Change Password button in the #roperties dialog. This opens the 5et #assword dialog where you can enter a new password.
%aving documents automatically

$ibre<ffice can sa)e files automatically( which is part of the AutoLecovery feature included in $ibre<ffice. *utomatic sa)ing( li3e manual sa)ing( o)erwrites the last sa)ed state of the file. To set up automatic file sa)ing& 1' o to )ools < "ptions < !oadD%ave < +eneral on the main menu bar. 2' 5elect %ave AutoLecovery information every and set the time inter)al. 3' Clic3 "8.
Lenaming and deleting files

You can rename or delete files within the $ibre<ffice dialogs( Iust as you can in a file manager. 5elect a file and then right clic3 to open a conte1t menu. 5elect either /elete or Lename( as appropriate. ,owe)er( you cannot copy or paste files within the dialogs.
"pen and %ave As dialogs

You can choose whether to use the $ibre<ffice <pen and 5a)e *s dialogs or the ones pro)ided by your operating system.
To use $ibre<ffice dialogs for sa)ing or opening files( go to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice
< +eneral and chec3 the option (se !ibre"ffice dialog bo5es. *n e1ample of a $ibre<ffice dialog is shown in /igure ; on page 2;.
To use the operating system dialogs for sa)ing or opening files( go to )ools < "ptions <
!ibre"ffice < +eneral and unchec3 the option (se !ibre"ffice dialog bo5es. *n e1ample of an operating system dialog is shown in /igure B on page 2B. The three icons in the top right of the $ibre<ffice <pen and 5a)e *s dialogs are as follows&
Connect )o %erver (p "ne !evel
a dialog opens allowing you to connect to a networ3 ser)er if the file you want is not located on your computer. mo)es up one folder in the folder hierarchy. Clic3 and hold the mouse button on this icon to display a drop down a list of higher le)el folders. 0o)e the cursor o)er a higher le)el folder and release the mouse button to na)igate to that folder
creates a new sub7folder in the folder that is displayed in the dialog. "se the File type field to specify the type of file to be opened or the format of the file to be sa)ed. The Lead6only option on the <pen dialog opens the file for reading and printing only. 0ost of the icons and most menu options are disabled on the toolbars. The 4dit File icon on the 5tandard toolbar. Clic3 on this icon to open the file for editing. becomes acti)e
Create >ew Folder
(sing the >avigator

The $ibre<ffice !a)igator lists obIects contained within a document( collected into categories. /or e1ample( in -riter it shows ,eadings( Tables( Te1t frames( Comments( raphics( 6oo3mar3s( and other items( as shown in /igure 11. Fn Calc it shows 5heets( .ange !ames( 2atabase .anges( raphics( 2rawing <bIects( and other items. Fn Fmpress and 2raw it shows 5lides( #ictures( and other items. *n e1ample of the !a)igator used in Calc is shown in /igure 11. To open the !a)igator( clic3 the >avigator icon or go to =iew > >avigator on the main menu bar. on the 5tandard toolbar( or press the (# 3ey(
You can doc3 the !a)igator to either side of the main $ibre<ffice window or lea)e it floating %see K2oc3ing/floating dialogsK on page 2A for more information'. Clic3 the mar3er %O or triangle' by any of the categories to display the list of obIects in that category.
3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice " 3)
(igure )): >avigator in 3alc The !a)igator pro)ides se)eral con)enient ways to mo)e around a document and find items in it&
-hen a category is showing the list of obIects in it( double7clic3 on an obIect to Iump
directly to that obIect location in the document.
<bIects are much easier to find if you ha)e gi)en them recognisable names when creating
them( instead of 3eeping the $ibre<ffice default names( for e1ample 5heet1( Table1( Table2( and so on. The default names may not correspond to the actual position of the obIect in the document.
Cach !a)igator in the indi)idual $ibre<ffice components has a different range of functions
and these functions are further e1plained in the appropriate user guides for each $ibre<ffice component.
(ndoing and redoing changes

To undo the most recent change in a document( use the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl+@( or clic3 the (ndo icon on the 5tandard toolbar( or go to 4dit < (ndo on the main menu bar. Clic3 the small triangle to the right of the (ndo icon to get a list of all the changes that can be undone. You can select multiple changes and undo them at the same time. *fter changes ha)e been undone( you can redo changes. To redo a change use the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4A( or clic3 the Ledo icon ( or go to 4dit > Ledo on the main menu bar. *s with "ndo( clic3 on the triangle to the right of the arrow to get a list of the changes that can be reapplied. To modify the number of changes $ibre<ffice remembers( go to )ools > "ptions > !ibre"ffice > 1emory on the main menu bar. Fn the "ndo section increase or decrease the >umber of steps. 6e aware that as3ing $ibre<ffice to remember more changes consumes more computer memory.
Closing a document
Ff there is only one document open and you want to close the document( go to File > Close on the menu bar or clic3 on the N on the menu bar. Ff more than one document is open( go to File > Close on the menu bar or clic3 on the N on the title bar of the window. The N may be located on either the right or left end of the title bar. -hen the last document is open( the N on the menu bar appears. Ff the document has not been sa)ed since the last change( a message bo1 is displayed. Choose whether to sa)e or discard your changes.
Caution
!ot sa)ing your document could result in the loss of recently made changes( or worse still( your entire file.
Closing !ibre"ffice
To close $ibre<ffice completely( go to File < 45it on the 0enu bar in -indows and $inu1 operating systems. Fn a 0ac operating system( go to !ibre"ffice < Fuit !ibre"ffice on the menu bar. -hen you close the last document using the N on the title bar of the window( then $ibre<ffice will close completely. * 0ac operating system does not ha)e this functionS instead( you need to go to !ibre"ffice < Fuit !ibre"ffice on the menu bar. You can also use a 3eyboard shortcut as follows&
Fn -indows and $inu1 3trl49 Fn 0ac <5 N 3ommand 49

Ff any documents ha)e not been sa)ed since the last change( a message bo1 is displayed. Choose whether to sa)e or discard your changes.
3hapter 7 Setting up LibreOffice

3hoosing options to suit the wa/ /ou wor2
Choosing options for all of !ibre"ffice

This section co)ers some of the settings that apply to all the components of $ibre<ffice. /or information on settings not discussed here( see the online help. Clic3 )ools < "ptions. The list in the left7hand bo1 of the <ptions $ibre<ffice dialog )aries depending on which component of $ibre<ffice is open. The illustrations in this chapter show the list as it appears when a -riter document is open. Clic3 the mar3er %O or triangle' by $ibre<ffice on the left7hand side. * list of pages drops down. 5electing an item in the list causes the right7hand side of the dialog to display the rele)ant page.
(igure )7: LibreOffice options

The Levert button %not shown in the illustrationS located in the lower right of the full <ptions dialog' has the same effect on all pages of the <ptions dialog. Ft resets the options to the )alues that were in place when you opened the dialog.
>ote
(ser /ata options

6ecause $ibre<ffice uses the name or initials stored in the LibreOffice B +ser Data page for se)eral things( including document properties %created by and last edited by information' and the name of the author of comments and changes( you will want to ensure that the correct information appears here.
(igure )3: (illing in user data

/ill in the form %shown in /igure 13'( or amend or delete any e1isting incorrect information. Ff you are using a )ersion of $ibre<ffice other than "5 Cnglish( some field labels may be different from those shown in the illustrations.
+eneral options
The options on the LibreOffice B General page are described below.
(igure ) : Setting general options for LibreOffice ;elp 6 )ips -hen *ips is acti)e( one or two words will appear when you hold the mouse pointer o)er an icon or field( without clic3ing. ;elp 6 45tended tips -hen <0tended tips is acti)e( a brief description of the function of a particular icon or menu command or a field on a dialog appears when you hold the mouse pointer o)er that item. ;elp Agent To turn off the Celp ?gent %similar to 0icrosoftGs <ffice *ssistant'( deselect this option. To restore the default beha)ior( clic3 Leset ;elp Agent. "penD%ave dialogs J (se !ibre"ffice dialogs To use the standard <pen and 5a)e dialogs for your operating system( deselect the (se !ibre"ffice dialogs option. -hen this option is selected( the <pen and 5a)e dialogs supplied with $ibre<ffice will be used. 5ee Chapter 1( Fntroducing $ibre<ffice( for more about the $ibre<ffice <pen and 5a)e dialogs. This boo3 uses the $ibre<ffice <pen and 5a)e dialogs in illustrations. Print dialogs J (se !ibre"ffice dialogs %0ac only' To use the standard #rint dialogs for your operating system( deselect the (se !ibre"ffice dialogs option. -hen this option is selected( the #rint dialogs supplied with $ibre<ffice will be used. This boo3 uses the $ibre<ffice #rint dialogs in illustrations. /ocument status J Printing sets Mdocument modifiedN status Ff this option is selected( then the ne1t time you close the document after printing( the print date is recorded in the document properties as a change and you will be prompted to sa)e the document again( e)en if you did not ma3e any other changes.
3hapter 7 Setting up LibreOffice " 3%
/ocument status J Allow to save document even when the document is not modified !ormally when a document has not been modified( the File < %ave menu option and the 5a)e icon on the 5tandard toolbar are disabled and the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4S has no effect. 5elect this option to allow documents to be sa)ed e)en when they ha)e not been modified. Cear Atwo digitsB 5pecifies how two7digit years are interpreted. /or e1ample( if the two7digit year is set to 1B30( and you enter a date of 1/1/30 or later into your document( the date is interpreted as 1/1/1B30 or later. *n KearlierL date is interpreted as being in the following centuryS that is( 1/1/20 is interpreted as 1/1/2020.
1emory options
The options on the LibreOffice B ;emor/ page control how $ibre<ffice uses your computerGs memory and how much memory it re@uires. 6efore changing them( you may wish to consider the following points&
0ore memory can ma3e $ibre<ffice faster and more con)enient %for e1ample( more undo
steps re@uire more memory'S but the trade7off is less memory a)ailable for other applications and you could run out of memory altogether.
Ff your documents contain a lot of obIects such as images( or the obIects are large(
$ibre<fficeGs performance may impro)e if you increase the memory for $ibre<ffice or the memory per obIect. Ff you find that obIects seem to disappear from a document that contains a lot of them( increase the number of obIects in the cache. %The obIects are still in the file e)en if you cannot see them on screen.'
(igure )#: 3hoosing ;emor/ options for the LibreOffice applications
To load the Juic3starter %an icon on the des3top or in the system tray' when you start your
computer( select the option near the bottom of the dialog. This ma3es $ibre<ffice start fasterS the trade7off is $ibre<ffice uses some memory e)en when not being used. This option %called 4nable systray ?uickstarter on $inu1' is not a)ailable on 0ac <5 N or on systems where the Juic3starter module has not been installed.
=iew options
The options on the LibreOffice B Diew page affect the way the document window loo3s and beha)es. 5ome of these options are described below. 5et them to suit your personal preferences.
(igure )$: 3hoosing Diew options for LibreOffice applications (ser nterface J %caling Ff the te1t in the help files or on the menus of the $ibre<ffice user interface is too small or too large( you can change it by specifying a scaling factor. 5ometimes a change here can ha)e une1pected results( depending on the screen fonts a)ailable on your system. ,owe)er( it does not affect the actual font si4e of the te1t in your documents. (ser nterface J con si7e and style The first bo1 specifies the display si4e of toolbar icons %*utomatic( 5mall( or $arge'. The *utomatic icon si4e option uses the setting for your operating system. The second bo1 specifies the icon style %theme'S here the *utomatic option uses an icon set compatible with your operating system and choice of des3top& for e1ample( 82C or nome on $inu1. (ser nterface J (se system font for user interface Ff you prefer to use the system font %the default font for your computer and operating system' instead of the font pro)ided by $ibre<ffice for the user interface( select this option. (ser interface J %creen font anti6aliasing %!ot a)ailable in -indowsS not shown in /igure 1E.' 5elect this option to smooth the screen appearance of te1t. Cnter the smallest font si4e to apply anti7aliasing. 1enu J icons in menus Causes icons as well as words to be )isible in menus. Font !ists 6 %how preview of fonts Causes the font list to loo3 li3e /igure 1D( $eft( with the font names shown as an e1ample of the fontS with the option deselected( the font list shows only the font names( not their formatting %/igure 1D( .ight'. The fonts you will see listed are those that are installed on your system. /onts which are tuned for use with a specific script( such as *rabic( ,ebrew( 0alayalam( and so on( now show an additional pre)iew of some sample te1t in the target script.
3hapter 7 Setting up LibreOffice " 38
(igure )%. (ont list 5Left6 :ith previewE 51ight6 :ithout preview Font !ists 6 %how font history Causes the last fi)e fonts you ha)e assigned to the current document to be displayed at the top of the font list. <therwise fonts are shown in alphabetical order. +raphics output (se hardware acceleration 2irectly accesses hardware features of the graphical display adapter to impro)e the screen display. !ot supported on all operating systems and $ibre<ffice distributions. +raphics output (se anti6aliasing Cnables and disables anti7aliasing( which ma3es the display of most graphical obIects loo3 smoother and with fewer artifacts. !ot supported on all operating systems and $ibre<ffice distributions.
)ip
#ress Shift43trl41 to restore or refresh the )iew of the current document after changing the anti7aliasing settings( to see the effect.
1ouse positioning 5pecifies if and how the mouse pointer will be positioned in newly opened dialogs. 1iddle mouse button 2efines the function of the middle mouse button.
Automatic scrolling dragging while pressing the middle mouse button shifts the )iew. Paste clipboard pressing the middle mouse button inserts the contents of the K5election
clipboardL at the cursor position. The K5election clipboardL is independent of the normal clipboard that you use by 4dit < CopyDCutDPaste or their respecti)e 3eyboard shortcuts. Clipboard and K5election clipboardL can contain different contents at the same time.
! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
*unction
Copy content #aste content #asting into another document
+li&board
4dit < Copy 3trl43 4dit < Paste 3trl4D pastes at the cursor position. !o effect on the clipboard contents.
Selection cli&board
5elect te1t( table( or obIect. Clic3ing the middle mouse button pastes at the mouse pointer position. The last mar3ed selection is the content of the selection clipboard.
%election J )ransparency 2etermines the appearance of selected te1t or graphics( which appear on a shaded bac3ground. To ma3e the shaded bac3ground more or less dar3( increase or decrease the Transparency setting. Ff you prefer selected material to appear in re)ersed color %typically white te1t on a blac3 bac3ground'( deselect this option.
Print options
<n the LibreOffice B 'rint page( set the print options to suit your default printer and your most common printing method.
(igure )&: 3hoosing general printing options to appl/ to all LibreOffice components Fn the 'rinter warnings section near the bottom of the page( you can choose whether to be warned if the paper si4e or orientation specified in your document does not match the paper si4e or orientation a)ailable for your printer. ,a)ing these warnings turned on can be @uite helpful( particularly if you wor3 with documents produced by people in other countries where the standard paper si4e is different from yours.
Ff your printouts are incorrectly placed on the page or chopped off at the top( bottom( or sides( or the printer is refusing to print( the most li3ely cause is page si4e incompatibility.
)ip
3hapter 7 Setting up LibreOffice " )
Paths options
<n the LibreOffice B 'aths page( you can change the location of files associated with( or used by( $ibre<ffice to suit your wor3ing situation. Fn a -indows system( for e1ample( you might want to store documents by default somewhere other than 0y 2ocuments. To ma3e changes( select an item in the list shown in /igure 1B and clic3 4dit. <n the 5elect #ath dialog %not shownS may also be titled Cdit #aths'( add or delete folders as re@uired( and then clic3 "8 to return to the <ptions dialog. !ote that some items can ha)e at least two paths listed& one to a shared folder %which might be on a networ3' and one to a user7specific folder %normally on the userGs personal computer'.
You can use the entries on the LibreOffice B 'aths page to compile a list of files( such as those containing *utoTe1t( that you need to bac3 up or copy to another computer.
)ip
(igure )8: Diewing the paths of files used b/ LibreOffice
Color options
<n the LibreOffice B 3olors page( you can specify colors to use in $ibre<ffice documents. You can select a color from a color table( edit an e1isting color( and define new colors. These colors are stored in your color palette and are then a)ailable in all components of $ibre<ffice. To modify a color& 1' 5elect the color to modify from the list or the color table. 2' Cnter the new )alues that define the color. You can choose the . 6 %.ed( reen( 6lue' or the C0Y8 %Cyan( 0agenta( Yellow( 6lac3' system to specify your color. The changed color appears in the lower of the two color pre)iew bo1es at the top. 3' 0odify the >ame as re@uired. =' Clic3 the 1odify button. The newly defined color is now listed in the Color table.
(igure 7!: Defining colors to use in color palettes in LibreOffice *lternati)ely( clic3 the 4dit button to open the Color #ic3er dialog( shown in /igure 21. ,ere you can select a color from the window on the left( or you can enter )alues on the right using your choice of . 6( C0Y8( or ,56 %,ue( 5aturation and 6rightness' )alues.
(igure 7): <diting colors The color window on the left is lin3ed directly with the color input fields on the rightS as you choose a color in the window( the numbers change accordingly. The color field at the lower left shows the )alue of the selected color on the left and the currently set )alue from the color )alue fields on the right. 0odify the color components as re@uired and clic3 "8 to e1it the dialog. The newly defined color now appears in the lower of the color pre)iew bo1es shown in /igure 20. Type a name for this color
in the >ame bo1( then clic3 the Add button. * small bo1 showing the new color is added to the Color table. *nother way to define or alter colors is through the Colors page of the *rea dialog( where you can also sa)e and load palettes( a feature that is not possible here. Fn Calc( draw a temporary draw obIect and use the conte1t menu of this obIect to open the *rea dialog. Ff you load a palette in one component of $ibre<ffice( it is only acti)e in that componentS the other components 3eep their own palettes.
Font options
You can define replacements for any fonts that might appear in your documents. Ff you recei)e from someone else a document containing fonts that you do not ha)e on your system( $ibre<ffice will substitute fonts for those it does not find. You might prefer to specify a different font from the one that the program chooses.
(igure 77: Defining a font to be substituted for another font <n the LibreOffice B (onts page& 1' 5elect the Apply Leplacement )able option. 2' 5elect or type the name of the font to be replaced in the Font bo1. %Ff you do not ha)e this font on your system( it will not appear in the drop7down list in this bo1( so you need to type it in.' 3' Fn the Leplace with bo1( select a suitable font from the drop7down list of fonts installed on your computer. =' The chec3mar3 to the right of the Leplace with bo1 turns green. Clic3 on this chec3mar3. * row of information now appears in the larger bo1 below the input bo1es. 5elect Always to replace the font( e)en if the original font is installed on your system. 5elect %creen only to replace the screen font only and ne)er replace the font for printing. The results of combining these selections are gi)en in Table 2. A' Fn the bottom section of the page( you can change the typeface and si4e of the font used to display source code such as ,T0$ and 6asic %in macros'.
*able 7. (ont substitution replacement actions -lwa's chec"box chec3ed

chec3ed blan3 blan3
Screen onl' chec"box blan3

chec3ed chec3ed blan3
$e&lace)ent action
/ont replacement on screen and when printing( whether the font is installed or not. /ont replacement only on screen( whether the font is installed or not. /ont replacement only on screen( but only if font is not a)ailable. /ont replacement on screen and when printing( but only if font is not a)ailable.
%ecurity options
"se the LibreOffice B Securit/ page to choose security options for sa)ing documents and for opening documents that contain macros.
(igure 73: 3hoosing securit/ options for opening and saving documents %ecurity options and warnings Ff you record changes( sa)e multiple )ersions( or include hidden information or notes in your documents( and you do not want some of the recipients to see that information( you can set warnings to remind you to remo)e it( or you can ha)e $ibre<ffice remo)e some of it automatically. !ote that %unless remo)ed' much of this information is retained in a file whether the file is in $ibre<fficeGs default <pen2ocument format( or has been sa)ed to other formats( including #2/. Clic3 the "ptions button to open a separate dialog with specific choices %/igure 2='. 1acro security Clic3 the 1acro %ecurity button to open the 0acro 5ecurity dialog %not shown here'( where you can adIust the security le)el for e1ecuting macros and specify trusted sources.
3hapter 7 Setting up LibreOffice " #
Securit' o&tions and warnings

The following options are on the 5ecurity options and warnings dialog %/igure 2='. Lemove personal information on saving 5elect this option to always remo)e user data from the file properties when sa)ing the file. To manually remo)e personal information from specific documents( deselect this option and then use the /elete button under File > Properties > +eneral. Ctrl6click re?uired to follow hyperlinks The default beha)ior in $ibre<ffice is to 3trl4clic2 on a hyperlin3 to open the lin3ed document. 0any people find creation and editing of documents easier when accidental clic3s on lin3s do not acti)ate the lin3s. To set $ibre<ffice to acti)ate hyperlin3s using an ordinary clic3( deselect this option. The other options on this dialog should be self7e1planatory.
(igure 7 : Securit/ options and warnings dialog
Personali7ation
#ersonali4ation allows you to add a theme to your $ibre<ffice installation. You can choose to not use a #ersona( to use a pre7installed #ersona if one is a)ailable( to select a ready7made persona from the 0o4illa /irefo1 site( or to add your own design. This option defaults to Pre6installed Persona Aif availableB at installation time.
(igure 7#: 'ersonali.ation options To install a persona( clic3 the %elect Persona button to open the install dialog( shown in /igure 2D. /rom here you can install your persona by either entering a local ".$ to the persona( or by clic3ing
the =isit Firefo5 Personas button %an internet connection is re@uired for this choice'. Fnstallation instructions are on the dialog. /ull details about #ersonas are on the website http&//www.getpersonas.com
(igure 7$: ? 'ersona installed
(igure 7%: 'ersona installation dialog
Appearance options
-riting( editing( and %especially' page layout are often easier when you can see the page margins %te1t boundaries'( the boundaries of tables and sections %in -riter documents'( page brea3s in Calc( grid lines in 2raw or -riter( and other features. Fn addition( you might prefer to use colors that are different from $ibre<fficeGs defaults for such items as comment indicators or field shadings. <n the LibreOffice B ?ppearance page %/igure 2;'( you can specify which items are )isible and the colors used to display )arious items.
To show or hide items such as te1t boundaries( select or deselect the options ne1t to the
names of the items.
To change the default colors for items( clic3 the down7arrow in the 3olor Setting column by
the name of the item and select a color from the list bo1. !ote that you can change the list of a)ailable colors as described in KColor optionsL on page =2.
To sa)e your color changes as a color scheme( clic3 %ave3 type a name in the Scheme
bo1( and then clic3 "8.
3hapter 7 Setting up LibreOffice " %
(igure 7&: Showing or hiding te0tF obGectF and table boundaries
Accessibility options
*ccessibility options include whether to allow animated graphics or te1t( how long help tips remain )isible( some options for high contrast display( and a way to change the font for the user interface of the $ibre<ffice program. *ccessibility support relies on the +a)a .untime Cn)ironment for communication with assisti)e technology tools. The Support assistive technolog/ tools option is not shown on all $ibre<ffice installations. 5ee ?ssistive *ools in LibreOffice in the ,elp for other re@uirements and information. 5elect or deselect the options as re@uired.
(igure 78: 3hoosing accessibilit/ options
Advanced
@ava options Ff you install or update a +a)a .untime Cn)ironment %+.C' after you install $ibre<ffice( or if you ha)e more than one +.C installed on your computer( you can use the LibreOffice B Hava options page to choose the +.C for $ibre<ffice to use. Ff you are a system administrator( programmer( or other person who customi4es +.C installations( you can use the #arameters and Class #ath pages %reached from the +a)a page' to specify this information. Ff you do not see anything listed in the middle of the page( wait a few minutes while $ibre<ffice searches for +.Cs on the hard dis3. Ff $ibre<ffice finds one or more +.Cs( it will display them there. You can then select the (se a @ava runtime environment option and %if necessary' choose one of the +.Cs listed.
(igure 3!: 3hoosing a Hava runtime environment "ptional AunstableB options 4nable e5perimental features 5electing this option enables features that are not yet complete or contain 3nown bugs. The list of these features is different )ersion by )ersion. 4nable macro recording This option enables macro recording with some limitations. <pening a window( switching between windows( and recording in a different window to that in which the recording began( is not supported. <nly actions relating to document contents are recordable( so changes in <ptions or customi4ing menus are not supported. /or more about macro recording( see Chapter 13( etting 5tarted with 0acros.
"nline update options

<n the LibreOffice B Online +pdate page %/igure 31'( you can choose whether and how often to ha)e the program chec3 the $ibre<ffice website for program updates. Ff the Check for updates automatically option is selected( an icon appears at the right7hand end of the menu bar when an update is a)ailable. Clic3 this icon to open a dialog where you can choose to download the update. Ff the /ownload updates automatically option is selected( the download starts when you clic3 the icon. To change the download destination( clic3 the Change button and select the re@uired folder in the file browser window.
(igure 3): Online update options
Choosing !oadD%ave options

You can set the $oad/5a)e options for loading and sa)ing documents to suit the way you wor3. Ff the <ptions dialog is not already open( clic3 )ools > "ptions. Clic3 the e1pansion symbol %O or triangle' to the left of !oadD%ave.
+eneral
0ost of the choices on the Load/Save B General page are familiar to users of other office suites. 5ome items of interest are described below.
(igure 37. 3hoosing Load and Save options

#! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
!oad user6specific settings with the document * $ibre<ffice document contains certain settings that are read from the userGs system. -hen you sa)e a document( these settings are sa)ed with it. 5elect this option so that when a document loads( it ignores the stored settings in fa)or of the settings on your computer. C)en if you do not select this option( some settings are ta3en from your $ibre<ffice installation&
Fnformation about wor3ing with *sian character formats. The following settings are always loaded with a document( whether or not this option is mar3ed&
5ettings a)ailable in File < Print < "ptions !ame of /a1 5pacing options for paragraphs before te1t tables Fnformation about automatic updating for lin3s( field functions and charts
2ata source lin3ed to the document and its )iew.

Ff you deselect this option( the userGs personal settings do not o)errule the settings in the document. /or e1ample( your choice %in the options for $ibre<ffice -riter' of how to update lin3s is affected by the !oad user6specific settings option. !oad printer settings with the document Ff enabled( the printer settings will be loaded with the document. This can cause a document to be printed on a distant printer %perhaps in an office setting'( if you do not change the printer manually in the #rint dialog. Ff disabled( your standard printer will be used to print this document. The current printer settings will be stored with the document whether or not this option is selected. 4dit document properties before saving Ff you select this option( the 2ocument #roperties dialog pops up to prompt you to enter rele)ant information the first time you sa)e a new document %or whene)er you use %ave As'. Always create backup copy 5a)es the pre)ious )ersion of a document as a bac3up copy whene)er you sa)e a document. C)ery time $ibre<ffice creates a bac3up copy( the pre)ious bac3up copy is replaced. The bac3up copy gets the e1tension 6*8. *uthors whose wor3 may be )ery lengthy should always consider using this option. %ave AutoLecovery information every OO 1inutes Choose whether to enable *uto.eco)ery and how often to sa)e the information used by the *uto.eco)ery process. *uto.eco)ery in $ibre<ffice sa)es the information needed to restore all open documents in case of a crash. Ff you ha)e this option set( reco)ering your document after a system crash will be easier. %ave (L!s relative to file system D internet "se this option to select the default for relati)e addressing of ".$s in the file system and on the Fnternet. .elati)e addressing is only possible if the source document and the referenced document are both on the same dri)e. * relati)e address always starts from the directory in which the current document is located. Fn contrast( absolute addressing always starts from a root directory. The following table demonstrates the difference in synta1 between relati)e and absolute referencing&
3hapter 7 Setting up LibreOffice " #)
Exa)&les
relati)e absolute
*ile s'ste)
../images/img.Ipg file&///cU/wor3/images/img.Ipg
.nternet
../images/img.Ipg http&//myser)er.com/wor3/images/img.Ipg
Ff you choose to sa)e relati)ely( the references to embedded graphics or other obIects in your document will be sa)ed relati)e to the location in the file system. Fn this case( it does not matter where the referenced directory structure is recorded. The files will be found regardless of location( as long as the reference remains on the same dri)e or )olume. This is important if you want to ma3e the document a)ailable to other computers that may ha)e a completely different directory structure( dri)e or )olume names. Ft is also recommended to sa)e relati)ely if you want to create a directory structure on an Fnternet ser)er. Ff you prefer absolute sa)ing( all references to other files will also be defined as absolute( based on the respecti)e dri)e( )olume or root directory. The ad)antage is that the document containing the references can be mo)ed to other directories or folders( and the references remain )alid. /efault file format and "/F settings "/F format version. $ibre<ffice by default sa)es documents in <pen2ocument /ormat %<2/' )ersion 1.2 C1tended. -hile this allows for impro)ed functionality( there may be bac3wards compatibility issues. -hen a file sa)ed in <2/ 1.2 C1tended is opened in an editor that uses earlier )ersions of <2/ %1.0/1.1'( some of the ad)anced features may be lost. Two notable e1amples are cross7references to headings and the formatting of numbered lists. Ff you plan to share documents with people who use editors that use older )ersions of <2/( you may wish to sa)e the document using <2/ )ersion 1.0/1.1. %i7e optimi7ation for "/F format. $ibre<ffice documents are N0$ files. -hen you select this option( $ibre<ffice writes the N0$ data without indents and line brea3s. Ff you want to be able to read the N0$ files in a te1t editor in a structured form( deselect this option. /ocument type. Ff you routinely share documents with users of 0icrosoft <ffice( you might want to change the Always save as attribute for documents to one of the 0icrosoft <ffice formats. Current )ersions of 0icrosoft -ord can open <2T files( so this may no longer be needed.
*lthough $ibre<ffice can open and sa)e files in the 2<CN and N$5N formats produced by 0icrosoft <ffice 200D and 2010( it does not yet sa)e in ##TN format. This capability is planned for a future release.
>ote
=0A Properties
<n the D=? 'roperties page( you can choose whether to 3eep any macros in 0icrosoft <ffice documents that are opened in $ibre<ffice. Ff you choose !oad 0asic code( you can edit the macros in $ibre<ffice. The changed code is sa)ed in an <2/ document but is not retained if you sa)e into a 0icrosoft <ffice format. Ff you choose %ave original 0asic code( the macros will not wor3 in $ibre<ffice but are retained unchanged if you sa)e the file into 0icrosoft <ffice format. Ff you are importing a 0icrosoft -ord or C1cel file containing H6* code( you can select the option 45ecutable code. -hereas normally the code is preser)ed but rendered inacti)e %if you inspect it with the 5tar6asic F2C you will notice that it is all commented'( with this option the code is ready to be e1ecuted.
#7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 33: 3hoosing Load/Save D=? 'roperties %ave original 0asic code ta3es precedence o)er !oad 0asic code. Ff both options are selected and you edit the disabled code in $ibre<ffice( the original 0icrosoft 6asic code will be sa)ed when sa)ing in a 0icrosoft <ffice format. To remo)e any possible macro )iruses from the 0icrosoft <ffice document( deselect %ave original 0asic code. The document will be sa)ed without the 0icrosoft 6asic code.
1icrosoft "ffice
<n the Load/Save B ;icrosoft Office page( you can choose what to do when importing and e1porting 0icrosoft <ffice <$C obIects %lin3ed or embedded obIects or documents such as spreadsheets or e@uations'. 5elect the V$W options to con)ert 0icrosoft <$C obIects into the corresponding $ibre<ffice <$C obIects when a 0icrosoft document is loaded into $ibre<ffice %mnemonic& K$L for KloadL'. 5elect the V5W options to con)ert $ibre<ffice <$C obIects into the corresponding 0icrosoft <$C obIects when a document is sa)ed in a 0icrosoft format %mnemonic& K5L for Ksa)eL'.
(igure 3 : 3hoosing Load/Save ;icrosoft Office options
3hapter 7 Setting up LibreOffice " #3
;)1! compatibility
Choices made on the Load/Save B C*;L 3ompatibilit/ page affect ,T0$ pages imported into $ibre<ffice and those e1ported from $ibre<ffice. 5ee C*;L documentsE importing/e0porting in the ,elp for more information.
(igure 3#. 3hoosing C*;L compatibilit/ options Font si7es "se these fields to define the respecti)e font si4es for the ,T0$ Xfont si4eY1Z to Xfont si4eYDZ tags( if they are used in the ,T0$ pages. %0any pages no longer use these tags.' mport 6 (se :4nglish A(%AB: locale for numbers -hen importing numbers from an ,T0$ page( the decimal and thousands separator characters differ according to the locale of the ,T0$ page. The clipboard( howe)er( contains no information about the locale. Ff this option is not selected( numbers will be interpreted according to the !ocale setting in )ools < "ptions < !anguage %ettings < !anguages %see page AA'. Ff this option is selected( numbers will be interpreted as for the Cnglish %"5*' locale. mport 6 mport unknown ;)1! tags as fields 5elect this option if you want tags that are not recogni4ed by $ibre<ffice to be imported as fields. /or an opening tag( an ,T0$M<! field will be created with the )alue of the tag name. /or a closing tag( an ,T0$M<// will be created. These fields will be con)erted to tags in the ,T0$ e1port. mport 6 gnore font settings 5elect this option to ha)e $ibre<ffice ignore all font settings when importing. The fonts that were defined in the ,T0$ #age 5tyle will be used. 45port To optimi4e the ,T0$ e1port( select a browser or ,T0$ standard from the 45port bo1. Ff $ibre<ffice -riter is selected( specific $ibre<ffice -riter instructions are e1ported. 45port 6 !ibre"ffice 0asic 5elect this option to include $ibre<ffice 6asic macros %scripts' when e1porting to ,T0$ format. You must acti)ate this option before you create the $ibre<ffice 6asic macroS otherwise the script will not be inserted. $ibre<ffice 6asic macros must be located in the header of the ,T0$
# " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
document. <nce you ha)e created the macro in the $ibre<ffice 6asic F2C( it appears in the source te1t of the ,T0$ document in the header. Ff you want the macro to run automatically when the ,T0$ document is opened( choose )ools < Customi7e < 4vents. 5ee Chapter 13( etting 5tarted with 0acros( for more information. 45port 6 /isplay warning -hen the !ibre"ffice 0asic option %see abo)e' is not selected( the /isplay warning option becomes a)ailable. Ff the /isplay warning option is selected( then when e1porting to ,T0$ a warning is shown that $ibre<ffice 6asic macros will be lost. 45port 6 Print layout 5elect this option to e1port the print layout of the current document as well. The ,T0$ filter supports C552 %Cascading 5tyle 5heets $e)el 2' for printing documents. These capabilities are only effecti)e if print layout e1port is acti)ated. 45port 6 Copy local graphics to nternet 5elect this option to automatically upload the embedded pictures to the Fnternet ser)er when uploading using /T#. 45port 6 Character set 5elect the appropriate character set for the e1port.
Choosing language settings

There are se)eral options to customi4e the language setting in $ibre<ffice& Fnstall the re@uired dictionaries Change some locale and language settings Choose spelling options
nstall the re?uired dictionaries

$ibre<ffice automatically installs se)eral dictionaries with the program. To add other dictionaries( be sure you are connected to the Fnternet( and then use )ools > !anguage > 1ore /ictionaries "nline. $ibre<ffice will open your default web browser to a page containing lin3s to additional dictionaries that you can install. /ollow the prompts to select and install the ones you want.
Change some locale and language settings

You can change some details of the locale and language settings that $ibre<ffice uses for all documents( or for specific documents. Fn the <ptions dialog( clic3 !anguage %ettings < !anguages. The e1act list shown depends on the <nhanced language support settings %see /igure 3D'.
(igure 3$: LibreOffice language optionsF with ?sian language options enabled on the right side
3hapter 7 Setting up LibreOffice " ##
<n the right7hand side of the Language Settings B Languages page( change the +ser interfaceF Locale setting( Default currenc/( and Default languages for documents as re@uired. Fn the e1ample( Cnglish %"5*' has been chosen for all the appropriate settings.
(igure 3%: 3hoosing language options Ff you want the language setting to apply to the current document only( instead of being the default for all new documents( select For the current document only. Ff necessary( select the options to enable support for *sian languages %Chinese( +apanese( 8orean' and support for CT$ %comple1 te1t layout' languages such as "rdu( Thai( ,ebrew( and *rabic. Ff you choose either of these options( the ne1t time you open this dialog( you will see some e1tra choices under $anguage 5ettings( as shown in /igure 3E. These choices %Searching in Hapanese( ?sian La/out( and 3omple0 *e0t La/out' are not discussed here.
Choose spelling options

To choose the options for chec3ing spelling( clic3 !anguage %ettings < ,riting Aids. Fn the Options section of the page %/igure 3;'( choose the settings that are useful for you. 5ome considerations&
Ff you do not want spelling chec3ed while you type( deselect Check spelling as you type.
This option can also be deselected using the Auto%pellcheck button on the 5tandard toolbar.
Ff you want grammar to be chec3ed as you type( you must ha)e Check spelling as you
type enabled too.
Ff you use a custom dictionary that includes words in all upper case and words with
numbers %for e1ample( *5/=00'( select Check uppercase words and Check words with numbers.
Check special regions includes headers( footers( frames( and tables when chec3ing
spelling. ,ere you can also chec3 which user7defined %custom' dictionaries are acti)e by default( and add or remo)e user7installed dictionaries( by clic3ing the >ew or /elete buttons. 2ictionaries installed by the system cannot be deleted.
#$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 3&: 3hoosing languagesF dictionariesF and options for chec2ing spelling
Choosing nternet options

"se the Fnternet <ptions pages to define search engines and sa)e pro1y settings for use with $ibre<ffice. Ff you are using a 0o4illa browser %such as /irefo1' on -indows or $inu1( you can enable the 6rowser #lug7in so you can open $ibre<ffice files in your browser( print them( sa)e them( and wor3 with them in other ways. Ff you are using a "ni17 or $inu17based operating system %including 0ac <5 N'( an additional page of C7mail options is a)ailable( where you can specify the e7mail program to use when you send the current document as e7mail. "nder -indows the operating systemGs default e7mail program is always used.
(igure 38: -nternet optionsF showing <-mail page available to Linu0 users * 0edia-i3i publisher is included. To enable it( select 0edia-i3i in the Fnternet options( then clic3 the Add button to open the dialog shown in /igure =0. ,ere you can specify the address %".$' and login information for a wi3i. You can add se)eral wi3is to the list.
3hapter 7 Setting up LibreOffice " #%
(igure !: Specif/ing a ;edia:i2i server account
Controlling !ibre"fficePs AutoCorrect functions

5ome people find some or all of the items in $ibre<fficeGs *utoCorrect function annoying because they change what you type when you do not want it changed. 0any people find some of the *utoCorrect functions @uite helpfulS if you do( then select the rele)ant options. 6ut if you find une1plained changes appearing in your document( this is a good place to loo3 to find the cause. To open the *utoCorrect dialog( clic3 )ools < AutoCorrect "ptions. %You need to ha)e a document open for this menu item to appear.' Fn -riter( this dialog has fi)e tabs( as shown in /igure =1. Fn other components of $ibre<ffice( the dialog has only four tabs. 0ore details are gi)en in the component guides.
(igure ): *he ?uto3orrect dialog in :riterF showing some of the choices on the Options tab
#& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates
,hat is a template9
* template is a document model that you use to create other documents. /or e1ample( you can create a template for business reports that has your companyGs logo on the first page. !ew documents created from this template will all ha)e your companyGs logo on the first page. Templates can contain anything that regular documents can contain( such as te1t( graphics( a set of styles( and user7specific setup information such as measurement units( language( the default printer( and toolbar and menu customi4ation. *ll documents in $ibre<ffice are based on templates. You can create a specific template for any document type %te1t( spreadsheet( drawing( presentation'. Ff you do not specify a template when you start a new document( then the document is based on the default template for that type of document. Ff you ha)e not specified a default template( $ibre<ffice uses the blan3 template for that type of document that is installed with $ibre<ffice. 5ee K5etting a default templateL on page D= for more information. $ibre<ffice =.0 supplies one user7selectable te1t template( 0edia-i3i( as an alternati)e to the default in documents %-riter'. !ote that erman is the default document language in the 0edia-i3i template. This can be changed on the !anguages page in )ools < "ptions < !anguage %ettings. Ten colored bac3grounds are supplied for presentations %Fmpress'. !o alternati)e templates are supplied for drawings %2raw' or spreadsheets %Calc'.
,hat are styles9

* st/le is a set of formats that you can apply to selected pages( te1t( frames( and other elements in your document to @uic3ly change their appearance. -hen you apply a style( you apply a whole group of formats at the same time. 0any people manually format paragraphs( words( tables( page layouts( and other parts of their documents without paying any attention to styles. They are used to writing documents according to ph/sical attributes. /or e1ample( you might specify the font family( font si4e( and any formatting such as bold or italic. 5tyles are logical attributes. "sing styles means that you stop saying Kfont si4e 1=pt( Times !ew .oman( bold( centeredL( and you start saying KTitleL because you ha)e defined the KTitleL style to ha)e those characteristics. Fn other words( styles means that you shift the emphasis from what the te1t %or page( or other element' loo3s li3e( to what the te1t is. 5tyles help impro)e consistency in a document. They also ma3e maIor formatting changes easy. /or e1ample( you may decide to change the indentation of all paragraphs( or change the font of all titles. /or a long document( this simple tas3 can be prohibiti)e. 5tyles ma3e the tas3 easy. Fn addition( styles are used by $ibre<ffice for many processes( e)en if you are not aware of them. /or e1ample( -riter relies on heading styles %or other styles you specify' when it compiles a table of contents. 5ome common e1amples of style use are gi)en in KC1amples of style useL on page DD. $ibre<ffice supports the following types of styles&
'age st/les include margins( headers and footers( borders and bac3grounds. Fn Calc( page
styles also include the se@uence for printing sheets.
'aragraph st/les control all aspects of a paragraphGs appearance( such as te1t alignment(
tab stops( line spacing( and borders( and can include character formatting.
3haracter st/les affect selected te1t within a paragraph( such as the font and si4e of te1t( or
bold and italic formats.
$! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(rame st/les are used to format graphic and te1t frames( including wrapping type( borders(
bac3grounds( and columns.
>umbering st/les apply similar alignment( numbering or bullet characters( and fonts to
numbered or bulleted lists.
3ell st/les include fonts( alignment( borders( bac3ground( number formats %for e1ample(
currency( date( number'( and cell protection.
Graphics st/les in drawings and presentations include line( area( shadowing( transparency(
font( connectors( dimensioning( and other attributes.
'resentation st/les include attributes for font( indents( spacing( alignment( and tabs.
2ifferent styles are a)ailable in the )arious components of $ibre<ffice( as listed in Table 3. $ibre<ffice comes with many predefined styles. You can use the styles as pro)ided( modify them( or create new styles( as described in this chapter. *able 3. St/les available in LibreOffice components St'le /'&e
#age #aragraph Character /rame !umbering Cell #resentation raphics %included in /rame styles'
Writer
N N N N N
+alc
N
#raw
.)&ress
N N N N N
Applying styles
$ibre<ffice pro)ides se)eral ways for you to select styles to apply.
(sing the %tyles and Formatting window

1' Clic3 the %tyles and Formatting icon located at the left7hand end of the formatting toolbar( or clic3 Format > %tyles and Formatting( or press ()). The 5tyles and /ormatting window shows the types of styles a)ailable for the $ibre<ffice component you are using. /igure =2 shows the window for -riter( with #age 5tyles )isible. You can mo)e this window to a con)enient position on the screen or doc3 it to an edge %hold down the 3trl 3ey and drag it by the title bar to where you want it doc3ed'. 2' Clic3 on one of the icons at the top left of the 5tyles and /ormatting window to display a list of styles in a particular category. 3' To apply an e1isting style( position the insertion point in the paragraph( frame( page or word( and then double7clic3 on the name of the style in one of these lists. To apply a character style to more than one word( select the characters first.
3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates " $)
)ip
*t the bottom of the 5tyles and /ormatting window is a drop7down list. Fn /igure =2 the window shows ?utomatic( meaning the list includes only styles applied automatically by $ibre<ffice. You can choose to show all styles or other groups of styles( for e1ample only custom styles.
(igure 7: *he St/les and (ormatting window for :riterF showing paragraph st/les
(sing Fill Format 1ode

"se /ill /ormat to apply a style to many different areas @uic3ly without ha)ing to go bac3 to the 5tyles and /ormatting window and double7clic3 e)ery time. This method is @uite useful when you need to format many scattered paragraphs( cells( or other items with the same style. 1' <pen the 5tyles and /ormatting window and select the style you want to apply. 2' Clic3 the Fill Format 1ode icon . 3' To apply a paragraph( page( or frame style( ho)er the mouse o)er the paragraph( page( or frame and clic3. To apply a character style( hold down the mouse button while selecting the characters( Clic3ing on a word applies the character style for that word. .epeat step 3 until you ha)e made all the changes for that style. =' To @uit /ill /ormat mode( clic3 the Fill Format 1ode icon again or press the <sc 3ey.
Caution
-hen this mode is acti)e( a right7clic3 anywhere in the document undoes the last /ill /ormat action. 6e careful not to accidentally right7clic3 and thus undo actions you want to 3eep.
(sing the Apply %tyle list

*fter you ha)e used a style at least once in a document( the style name appears on the *pply 5tyle list at the left7hand end of the /ormatting toolbar( ne1t to the 5tyles and /ormatting icon. You can open this list and clic3 once on the style you want( or you can use the up and down arrow 3eys to mo)e through the list and then press <nter to apply the highlighted style.
)ip
5elect 1ore at the bottom of the *pply 5tyle list to open the 5tyles and /ormatting window.
$7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 3: *he ?ppl/ St/le list on the (ormatting toolbar
(sing keyboard shortcuts

5ome 3eyboard shortcuts for applying styles are predefined. /or e1ample( in -riter 3trl4! applies the *e0t bod/ style( 3trl4) applies the Ceading ) style( and 3trl47 applies the Ceading 7 style. You can modify these shortcuts and create your ownS see Chapter 1=( Customi4ing $ibre<ffice( for instructions.
Caution
0anual formatting %also called direct formatting' o)errides styles( and you cannot get rid of the manual formatting by applying a style to it. To remo)e manual formatting( select the te1t( right7clic3( and choose Clear /irect Formatting from the conte1t menu( or use 3trl4; after selecting the te1t.
1odifying styles
$ibre<ffice pro)ides se)eral ways to modify styles %both the predefined styles and any custom styles that you create'&
Changing a style using the 5tyle dialog "pdating a style from a selection "se *uto"pdate %paragraph and frame styles only' $oad or copy styles from another document or template
*ny changes you ma3e to a style are effecti)e only in the current document. To change styles in more than one document( you need to change the template or copy the styles into the other documents as described on page EE.
>ote
3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates " $3
Changing a style using the %tyle dialog

To change an e1isting style using the 5tyle dialog( right7clic3 on the re@uired style in the 5tyles and /ormatting window and select 1odify from the pop7up menu. The 5tyle dialog displayed depends on the type of style selected. Cach style dialog has se)eral tabs. 5ee the chapters on styles in the user guides for details.
(pdating a style from a selection

To update a style from a selection& 1' <pen the 5tyles and /ormatting window. 2' Fn the document( select an item that has the format you want to adopt as a style.
Caution
0a3e sure that there are uni@ue properties in this paragraph. /or e1ample( if there are two different font si4es or font styles( that particular property will remain the same as before.
3' Fn the 5tyles and /ormatting window( select the style you want to update %single7clic3( not double7clic3'( then clic3 on the arrow ne1t to the >ew %tyle from %election icon and clic3 on (pdate %tyle.
(igure
: +pdating a st/le from a selection
(sing Auto(pdate
*uto"pdate applies to paragraph and frame styles only. Ff the *uto"pdate option is selected on the <rgani4er page of the #aragraph 5tyle or /rame 5tyle dialog( applying direct formatting to a paragraph or frame using this style in your document automatically updates the style itself.
)ip
Ff you are in the habit of manually o)erriding styles in your document( be sure that *uto"pdate is not enabled.
(pdating styles from a document or template

You can update styles by copying or loading them from a template or another document. 5ee KCopying styles from a template or documentL on page EE.
Creating new AcustomB styles

You may want to add some new styles. You can do this in two ways&
Creating a new style using the 5tyle dialog Creating a new style from a selection
Creating a new style using the %tyle dialog

To create a new style using the 5tyle dialog( right7clic3 in the 5tyles and /ormatting window and select >ew from the pop7up menu. Ff you want your new style to be lin3ed with an e1isting style( first select that style and then right7 clic3 and select >ew. Ff you lin3 styles( then when you change the base style %for e1ample( by changing the font from Times to ,el)etica'( all the lin3ed styles will change as well. 5ometimes this is e1actly what you wantS other times you do not want the changes to apply to all the lin3ed styles. Ft pays to plan ahead. The dialogs and choices are the same for defining new styles and for modifying e1isting styles. 5ee the chapters on styles in the user guides for details.
Creating a new style from a selection

You can create a new style by copying an e1isting manual format. This new style applies only to this documentS it will not be sa)ed in the template. 1' <pen the 5tyles and /ormatting window and choose the type of style you want to create. 2' Fn the document( select the item you want to sa)e as a style. 3' Fn the 5tyles and /ormatting window( clic3 on the >ew %tyle from %election icon. =' Fn the Create 5tyle dialog( type a name for the new style. The list shows the names of e1isting custom styles of the selected type. Clic3 "8 to sa)e the new style.
(igure #: >aming a new st/le created from a selection
/ragging and dropping to create a style

You can drag and drop a te1t selection into the 5tyles and /ormatting window to create a new style. ,riter 5elect some te1t and drag it to the 5tyles and /ormatting window. Ff #aragraph 5tyles are acti)e( the paragraph style will be added to the list. Ff Character 5tyles are acti)e( the character style will be added to the list.
3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates " $#
Calc 2rag a cell selection to the 5tyles and /ormatting window to create cell styles. /rawD mpress 5elect and drag drawing obIects to the 5tyles and /ormatting window to create graphics styles.
Copying styles from a template or document

You can copy styles into a document by loading them from a template or from another document& 1' <pen the document you want to copy styles into. 2' Fn the 5tyles and /ormatting window( clic3 on the arrow ne1t to the >ew %tyle from %election icon( and then clic3 on !oad %tyles %see /igure =='. 3' 5elect the categories of styles to be copied. 5elect "verwrite if you want the styles being copied to replace any styles of the same names in the document you are copying them into. =' <n the $oad 5tyles dialog %/igure =E'S
To copy the styles from a template( find and select the template. To copy the styles from another document( clic3 the From File button to open a window
from which you can select the re@uired document.
(igure $. 3op/ing st/les from a template into the open document A' Clic3 "8 to copy the styles. You will not see any change on screen.
Caution
Ff your document has a table of contents( and if you ha)e used custom styles for headings( the heading le)els associated with outline le)els in )ools > "utline >umbering will re)ert to the defaults of ,eading 1( ,eading 2( and so on when you load styles. You will need to change these bac3 to your custom heading styles.
/eleting styles
You cannot remo)e %delete' any of $ibre<fficeGs predefined styles from a document or template( e)en if they are not in use. You can remo)e any user7defined %custom' stylesS but before you do( you should ma3e sure the styles are not in use in the current document. Ff an unwanted style is in use( you will want to replace it with a substitute style.
$$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
To delete unwanted styles( right7clic3 on them %one at a time' in the 5tyles and /ormatting window and clic3 /elete on the conte1t menu. Ff the style is not in use( you recei)e a confirmation messageS clic3 Ces to delete the style. Ff the style is in use( you recei)e a warning message as3ing you to confirm deletion.
Caution
0a3e sure the style is not in use before deletion. <therwise( all obIects with that style will return to the default style and retain their formatting as manual formatting.
(sing a template to create a document

To use a template to create a document& 1' /rom the main menu( choose File < >ew < )emplates. The Template 0anager dialog opens. 2' /rom the tabs at the top of the dialog( select the category %type' of template you want to use. /olders containing templates are listed in category page of the dialog. Ff no folders are )isible( there are no templates a)ailable. 3' 2ouble7clic3 the folder that contains the template that you want to use. *ll the templates contained in that folder are listed on the page %as shown in /igure =D'.
(igure %: *emplate ;anager dialog =' 5elect the template that you want to use. Ff you wish to )iew the templateGs properties( clic3 the Properties button abo)e the list of templates. The templateGs properties appear in a pop7up window. Clic3 Close to close this pop7up window. A' 2ouble7clic3 on the re@uired template. * new document based on the selected template opens in $ibre<ffice.
3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates " $%
Creating a template
Fn a new installation( only the 0edia-i3i folder in 2ocuments( and the #resentation 6ac3grounds folder in #resentations are )isible. <ther folders become )isible only when content is added %0y Templates( for e1ample'. Ff this is the case when you come to sa)e your template( follow the instructions in 5a)ing a template to a hidden folder on page EB( to sa)e your template to one of these folders( or to another user folder. Fn an upgrade( other folders will be )isible if you had other than the default installation templates sa)ed.
>ote
You can create your own templates in two ways& from a document or using a wi4ard.
Creating a template from a document

To create a template from a document and sa)e it to 0y Templates& 1' <pen a new or e1isting document of the type you want to ma3e into a template %te1t document( spreadsheet( drawing( or presentation'. 2' *dd the content and styles that you want. 3' /rom the 0enu bar( choose File < %ave As )emplate. The Template 0anager dialog opens at the /ocuments page. =' Ff the 0y Templates folder is )isible( select it. Ff it is not( from the tabs at the top of the dialog( select a category in which the folder is )isible and select it.
Ft does not matter which tab is selected. The obIect is to select a 0y Templates folder. The template will be automatically sa)ed into the 0y 2ocuments folder in the correct page %tab'( according to the meta7data stored in the properties of the file. To learn more about template folders( see K<rgani4ing templatesL on page DA.
>ote
A' Clic3 %ave. E' Fn the dialog that opens( type a name for the new template and clic3 Accept. You can )iew the 0y Templates folder on the rele)ant page to confirm the template is correctly located. D' Close the Template 0anager dialog.
(igure &: Saving a new template
$& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
*ny settings that can be added to or modified in a document can be sa)ed within a template. /or e1ample( below are some of the settings %although not a full list' that can be included in a -riter document and then sa)ed in the template for later use&
#rinter settings& which printer( single7sided or double7sided printing( paper si4e( and so on 5tyles to be used( including character( page( frame( numbering and paragraph styles /ormat and settings regarding inde1es( tables( bibliographies( table of contents
Templates can also contain predefined te1t( sa)ing you from ha)ing to type it e)ery time you create a new document. /or e1ample( a letter template may contain your name( address( and salutation. You can also sa)e menu and toolbar customi4ations in templatesS see Chapter 1=( Customi4ing $ibre<ffice( for more information.
%aving a template to a hidden folder

This procedure is for an installation that has yet to ha)e any user installed templates in place. 6ecause empty template folders are hidden in the Template 0anager( a wor37around is necessary to sa)e the first template into a 0y Templates folder.
)ip
You can also import a template into a hidden folder by using a similar techni@ue.
Ft does not matter what document type you are sa)ing as a template( te1t( spreadsheet( drawing or presentation( follow this procedure. Fn this e1ample we will sa)e a drawing document which we will title /loor #lan( as a template. 5electing the 2rawings tab before starting shows a completely empty category listing %this is our first sa)e'. 1' Choose File < %ave As )emplate. The Template 0anager %ave dialog opens at the /ocuments page. Clic3 once on the 0edia-i3i folder to select it. 2' Clic3 %ave( specify the template name in the pop7up dialog %for e1ample( /loor #lan'( and clic3 Accept. The template is sa)ed into the 0edia-i3i folder. This appears in the 0edia-i3i folder in the category of the file type being sa)ed %in our e1ample 2rawings'.
(igure 8: Saving into ;edia:i2i in Documents 3' Close the Template 0anager 5a)e dialog. <pen the Template 0anager and select the category tab of the template type Iust sa)ed %/rawings in the e1ample'. 2ouble7clic3 the 1edia,iki folder to open it. 5elect the template you Iust added. The file handling controls are displayed.
3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates " $8
(igure #!: ;oving a file to ;/ *emplates =' Clic3 on 1ove to folder to open a menu of destination folders. 5elect a destination folder for the template. Fn the e1ample abo)e( 1y )emplates is selected. The file is mo)ed. A' !ow clic3 on All )emplates. The 1y )emplates folder is no longer hidden and shows the /loor #lan template file in the folder.
(igure #): ;/ *emplates folder is no longer hidden

The procedure outlined abo)e could also ha)e been carried out using the #resentations 6ac3grounds folder as the starting folder.
>ote
Creating a template using a wi7ard

You can use wi4ards to create templates for letters( fa1es( agendas( and to create presentations( and -eb pages. /or e1ample( the /a1 -i4ard guides you through the following choices&
Type of fa1 %business or personal' 2ocument elements li3e the date( subIect line %business fa1'( salutation( and
complementary close
<ptions for sender and recipient information %business fa1' Te1t to include in the footer %business fa1'
%! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
To create a template using a wi4ard& 1' /rom the main menu( choose File < ,i7ards < Qtype of template re?uiredR.
(igure #7. 3reating a template using a wi.ard 2' /ollow the instructions on the pages of the wi4ard. This process is slightly different for each type of template( but the format is )ery similar. 3' Fn the last section of the wi4ard( you can specify the template name which will show in the Template 0anager( and also the name and location for sa)ing the template. The two names can be different but may cause you confusion if you choose two different names. The default location is your user templates directory( but you can choose a different location if you prefer. =' 5electing the Path button to set the file name( and perhaps change the directory( causes the %ave As dialog to open. 5etting the file name and clic3ing %ave closes the dialog. A' /inally( you ha)e the option of creating a new document from your template immediately( or manually changing the template by clic3ing Finish. /or future documents( you can re7use the template created by the wi4ard( Iust as you would use any other template. You may ha)e to open the Template 0anager and clic3 Lefresh on the Action menu to ha)e any new templates appear in the listings.
Fn this early release of $ibre<ffice( clic3ing Finish reopens the 5a)e *s dialog in which you set the file name at 5tep =. Clic3ing %ave now( in the reopened dialog( causes the file to be sa)ed to the hard dri)e and the template to open. Clic3ing %ave in 5tep = only sa)ed the dialog in memory and not to the hard dri)e.
>ote
4diting a template
You can edit a templateGs styles and content( and then( if you wish( you can reapply the templateGs styles to documents that were created from that template. %!ote that you can only reapply styles. You cannot reapply content.' To edit a template& 1' /rom the main menu( choose File < >ew < )emplates. The Template 0anager dialog opens.
3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates " %)
2' !a)igate to the template that you want to edit. Clic3 once on it to acti)ate the file handling controls %see /igure A0'. Clic3 4dit. The template opens in $ibre<ffice. 3' Cdit the template Iust as you would any other document. To sa)e your changes( choose File > %ave from the main menu.
(pdating a document from a changed template

The ne1t time you open a document that was created from the changed template( the following message appears.
(igure #3. +pdate st/les message Clic3 (pdate %tyles to apply the templateGs changed styles to the document. Clic3 8eep "ld %tyles if you do not want to apply the templateGs changed styles to the document %but see the Caution notice below'.
Ff you choose 8eep "ld %tyles in the message bo1 shown in /igure A3( that message will not appear again the ne1t time you open the document after changing the template it is based on. You will not get another chance to update the styles from the template( although you can use the macro gi)en in the !ote below to re7enable this feature.
Caution
>ote
To re7enable updating from a template& 1' "se )ools > 1acros > "rgani7e 1acros > !ibre"ffice 0asic. 5elect the document from the list( clic3 the e1pansion symbol %O or triangle'( and select 5tandard. Ff 5tandard has an e1pansion symbol beside it( clic3 that and select a module. 2' Ff the 4dit button is acti)e( clic3 it. Ff the Cdit button is not acti)e( clic3 >ew. 3' Fn the 6asic window( enter the following& Sub FixDocV3 ' set UpdateFromTemplate oDocSettings = This omponent.create!nstance" # $com.sun.star.document.Settings$ % oDocSettings.UpdateFromTemplate = True &nd Sub 'FixDocV3 =' Clic3 the Lun 0A% C icon( then close the 6asic window. A' 5a)e the document. The ne1t time you open this document( you will be prompted to update the styles from the modified template.
Adding templates obtained from other sources

You can download templates for $ibre<ffice from many sources( including the official template repository at http&//templates.libreoffice.org/( and install them on your computer. <n other websites
%7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
you may find collections of templates that ha)e been pac3aged into e1tension %'(T% files. These are installed a little differently( as described below.
nstalling individual templates

To install indi)idual templates& 1' 2ownload the template and sa)e it anywhere on your computer. 2' Fmport the template into a template folder by following the instructions in KFmporting a templateK on page DD.
%/or ad)anced users' Ff you 3now the location of $ibre<ffice template folders( you can manually copy new templates into them. The location )aries with your computerGs operating system. To learn where the template folders are stored on your computer( go to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < Paths.
)ip
nstalling collections of templates

The C1tension 0anager pro)ides an easy way to install collections of templates that ha)e been pac3aged as e1tensions. /ollow these steps& 1' 2ownload the e1tension pac3age %.'(T file' and sa)e it anywhere on your computer. 2' Fn $ibre<ffice( select )ools < 45tension 1anager from the menu bar. Fn the C1tension 0anager dialog %/igure A='( clic3 Add to open a file browser window.
(igure # : >ewl/-added pac2age of templates 3' /ind and select the pac3age of templates you want to install and clic3 "pen. The pac3age begins installing. You may be as3ed to accept a license agreement.
3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates " %3
=' -hen the pac3age installation is complete( the templates are a)ailable for use through File < >ew < )emplates and the e1tension is listed in the C1tension 0anager. 5ee Chapter 1=( Customi4ing $ibre<ffice( for more about the C1tension 0anager.
%etting a default template

Ff you create a document by choosing File < >ew < )e5t /ocument %or %preadsheet( Presentation( or /rawing' from the main menu( $ibre<ffice creates the document from the default template for that type of document. You can( howe)er( set a custom template to be the default. You can reset the default later if you choose.
>ote for ,indows users
You may 3now that 0icrosoft -ord employs a normal.dot or normal.dotx file for its default template and how to regenerate it. $ibre<ffice does not ha)e a similar default template fileS the Kfactory defaultsL are embedded within the software.
%etting a custom template as the default

You can set any template to be the default( as long as it is in one of the folders displayed in the Template 0anager dialog. To set a custom template as the default& 1' /rom the main menu( choose File < >ew < )emplate. 2' Fn the Template 0anagement dialog( open the folder containing the template that you want to set as the default( then select the template. 3' Clic3 the %et as default icon abo)e the list of templates %see /igure A0'. The ne1t time that you create a document by choosing File < >ew3 the document will be created from this template. *lthough many important settings can be changed in the )ools < "ptions dialog %see Chapter 2' for the default template( for e1ample default fonts and page si4e( more ad)anced settings %such as page margins' can only be changed by replacing the default template with a new one.
Lesetting the default template

To re7enable $ibre<fficeGs default template for a document type as the default& 1' Fn the Template 0anager dialog( clic3 the Action 1enu icon on the right 2' #oint to Leset /efault )emplate on the drop7down menu( and clic3 )e5t /ocument %or other template type'. These choices do not appear unless a custom template has been set as the default( as described in the pre)ious section. The ne1t time that you create a document by choosing File < >ew( the document will be created from the default template for the document type.
% " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure ##: 1esetting the default template for te0t documents
Associating a document with a different template

*t times you might want to associate a document with a different template( or perhaps you are wor3ing with a document that did not start from a template. <ne of the maIor ad)antages of using templates is the ease of updating styles in more than one document( as described on page D2. Ff you update styles by loading a new set of styles from a different template %as described on page EE'( the document has no association with the template from which the styles were loaded[so you cannot use this method. -hat you need to do is associate the document with the different template.
>ote
Fn $ibre<ffice 3.1( you could use the Template Changer e1tension to simplify this process. "nfortunately( this e1tension does not wor3 in $ibre<ffice =.0.
/or best results( the names of styles should be the same in the e1isting document and the new template. Ff they are not( you will need to use 4dit < Find K Leplace to replace old styles with new ones. 5ee Chapter =( etting 5tarted with -riter( for more about replacing styles using /ind P .eplace. 1' "se File < >ew < )emplates. Fn the Template 0anager dialog( double7clic3 the template you want to use. * new document opens( containing any te1t or graphics that were in the template. 2elete any unwanted te1t or graphics from this new document. 2' <pen the document you want to change. %Ft opens in a new window.' #ress 3trl4? to select e)erything in the document. Clic3 in the blan3 document created in step 1. #ress 3trl4D to paste the content from the old document into the new one. 3' "pdate the table of contents( if there is one. "se %ave As to sa)e this file with the name of the file from which content was ta3en. Close the old file without sa)ing.
"rgani7ing templates
$ibre<ffice can only use templates that are in $ibre<ffice template folders. You can create new $ibre<ffice template folders and use them to organi4e your templates. /or e1ample( you might ha)e one template folder for report templates and another for letter templates. You can also import and e1port templates.
3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates " %#
To begin( choose File < >ew < )emplates to open the Template 0anager dialog.
(igure #$: *emplate file handling icons
Creating a template folder

To create a template folder& 1' Fn the Template 0anager dialog( doube7clic3 any folder( then clic3 any template to acti)ate the row of icons abo)e the list of templates %see /igure AE'. 2' Clic3 the 1ove to folder button and choose >ew folder from the drop7down menu. 3' Fn the pop7up dialog( type a name for the new folder and clic3 Accept.
/eleting a template folder

You cannot delete template folders supplied with $ibre<ffice or installed using the C1tension 0anagerS you can only delete template folders that you ha)e created. To delete a template folder that you ha)e created& 1' Fn the Template 0anager dialog( select the folder that you want to delete. 2' Fn the row of icons abo)e the list of folders( clic3 the /elete button. * message bo1 appears( as3ing you to confirm the deletion. Clic3 Ces.
/olders which contain no files are hidden. Ff the folder is )isible( ensure that you want to delete the files that are inside. You may ha)e to put a dummy template into an empty folder in order to delete it %Iust select File < %ave As )emplate for any file you ha)e opened( mo)e it into the folder to be deleted( and then delete the folderS see /igure AE'.
Caution
1oving a template
To mo)e a template from one template folder to another template folder& 1' Fn the Template 0anager dialog( double7clic3 the folder that contains the template you want to mo)e. 2' Clic3 the template that you want to mo)e and clic3 the 1ove to folder button abo)e the list of templates %see /igure AE'.
%$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
/eleting a template
You cannot delete templates supplied with $ibre<ffice or installed using the C1tension 0anagerS you can only delete templates that you ha)e created or imported. To delete a template& 1' Fn the Template 0anager dialog( double7clic3 the folder that contains the template you want to delete. 2' Clic3 the template that you want to delete. 3' Clic3 the /elete button abo)e the list of templates. * message bo1 appears and as3s you to confirm the deletion. Clic3 Ces.
mporting a template
Ff the template that you want to use is in a different location( you must import it into a $ibre<ffice template folder. To import a template into a template folder& 1' Fn the Template 0anager dialog( select the folder into which you want to import the template. 2' Clic3 the mport button abo)e the list of template folders. * standard file browser window opens. 3' /ind and select the template that you want to import and clic3 "pen. The file browser window closes and the template appears in the selected folder.
45porting a template
To e1port a template from a template folder to another location& 1' Fn the Template 0anager dialog( double7clic3 the folder that contains the template you want to e1port. 2' Clic3 the template that you want to e1port. 3' Clic3 the 45port button abo)e the list of template folders. The 5a)e *s window opens. =' /ind the folder into which you want to e1port the template and clic3 %ave.
45amples of style use

The following e1amples of common use of page and paragraph styles are ta3en from -riter. There are many other ways to use stylesS see the guides for the )arious components for details.
/efining a different first page for a document

0any documents( such as letters and reports( ha)e a first page that is different from the other pages in the document. /or e1ample( the first page of a letterhead typically has a different header( or the first page of a report might ha)e no header or footer( while the other pages do. -ith $ibre<ffice( you can define the page st/le for the first page and specify the style for the following pages to be applied automatically. *s an e1ample( we can use the (irst 'age and Default page styles that come with $ibre<ffice. /igure AD shows what we want to happen& the first page is to be followed by the default page( and all the following pages are to be in the Default page style. 2etails are in Chapter =( /ormatting #ages( in the :riter Guide.
3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates " %%
(igure #%: (low of page st/les
/ividing a document into chapters

Fn a similar way( you can di)ide a document into chapters. Cach chapter might start with the (irst 'age style( with the following pages using the Default page style( as abo)e. *t the end of the chapter( insert a manual page brea3 and specify the ne1t page to ha)e the (irst 'age style to start the ne1t chapter( as shown in /igure A;.
(igure #&: Dividing a document into chapters using page st/les
Changing page orientation within a document

* -riter document can contain pages in more than one orientation. * common scenario is to ha)e a landscape page in the middle of a document( whereas the other pages are in a portrait orientation. This can also be done with page brea3s and page styles.
/ifferent headers on right and left pages

#age styles can be set up to ha)e the facing left and right pages mirrored or only right %first pages of chapters are often defined to be right7page only' or only left. -hen you insert a header on a page style set up for mirrored pages or right7and7left pages( you can ha)e the contents of the header be the same on all pages or be different on the right and left pages. /or e1ample( you can put the page number on the left7hand edge of the left pages and on the right7hand edge of the right pages( put the document title on the right7hand page only( or ma3e other changes.
Controlling page breaks automatically

-riter automatically flows te1t from one page to the ne1t. Ff you do not li3e the default settings( you can change them. /or e1ample( you can re@uire a paragraph to start on a new page or column and specify the style of the new page. * typical use is for chapter titles to always start on a new right7 hand %odd7numbered' page.
%& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Compiling an automatic table of contents

To compile an automatic table of contents( first apply styles to the headings you want to appear in the contents list( then use )ools > "utline >umbering to tell -riter which styles go with which le)el in the table of contents. 5ee Chapter = for more information.
/efining a se?uence of styles

You can set up one paragraph style so that when you press <nter at the end of that paragraph( the following paragraph automatically has the style you wish applied to it. /or e1ample( you could define a Ceading ) paragraph to be followed by a *e0t =od/ paragraph. * more comple1 e1ample would be& *itle followed by ?uthor followed by ?bstract followed by Ceading ) followed by *e0t =od/. 6y setting up these se@uences( you can a)oid manually applying styles in most cases.
3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates " %8
3hapter Getting Started with :riter

:ord 'rocessing with LibreOffice
,hat is ,riter9
-riter is the word processor component of $ibre<ffice. Fn addition to the usual features of a word processor %spelling chec3( thesaurus( hyphenation( autocorrect( find and replace( automatic generation of tables of contents and inde1es( mail merge and others'( -riter pro)ides these important features&
Templates and styles %see Chapter 3' #age layout methods( including frames( columns( and tables Cmbedding or lin3ing of graphics( spreadsheets( and other obIects 6uilt7in drawing tools 0aster documentsto group a collection of documents into a single document Change trac3ing during re)isions 2atabase integration( including a bibliography database C1port to #2/( including boo3mar3s %see Chapter 10' *nd many more
These features are co)ered in detail in the :riter Guide.
)he ,riter interface

The main -riter wor3space is shown in /igure AB. The menus and toolbars are described in Chapter 1( Fntroducing $ibre<ffice. 5ome other features of the -riter interface are co)ered in this chapter.
(igure #8: *he main :riter wor2space in 'rint La/out view
&7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
%tatus bar
The -riter status bar pro)ides information about the document and con)enient ways to @uic3ly change some document features.
(igure $!: Left end of status bar
(igure $): 1ight end of status bar Page number 5hows the current page number( the se@uence number of the current page %if different'( and the total number of pages in the document. /or e1ample( if you restarted page numbering at 1 on the third page( its page number is 1 and its se@uence number is 3. Ff any boo3mar3s ha)e been defined in the document( a right7clic3 on this field pops up a list of boo3mar3sS clic3 on the re@uired one. To Iump to a specific page in the document( double7clic3 on this field. The !a)igator opens. Clic3 in the #age !umber field and type the seIuence number of the re@uired page and press <nter. ,ord count The word count is shown in the status bar( and is 3ept up to date as you edit. *ny te1t selected in the document will be counted and displayed alongside the total count.
To display e1tended statistics such as character count( double7clic3 the word count in the status bar( or choose )ools < ,ord Count. Page style 5hows the style of the current page. To change the page style( right7clic3 on this field. * list of page styles pops upS choose a different style by clic3ing on it. To edit the current page style( double7clic3 on this field. The #age 5tyle dialog opens. !anguage 5hows the language for the selected te1t. Clic3 to open a menu where you can choose another language for the selected te1t or for the paragraph where the cursor is located. You can also choose >one A/o not check spellingB to e1clude the te1t from a spelling chec3 or choose 1ore... to open the Character dialog. nsert mode This area is blan3 when in Fnsert mode. 2ouble7clic3 to change to Overwrite modeS single7clic3 to return to Fnsert mode. Fn Fnsert mode( any te1t after the cursor position mo)es forward to ma3e room for the te1t you typeS in <)erwrite mode( te1t after the cursor position is replaced by the te1t you type. This feature is disabled when in 4dit < Changes < Lecord mode.
3hapter Getting Started with :riter " &3
%election mode Clic3 to choose different selection modes. The icon does not change( but when you ho)er the mouse pointer o)er this field( a tooltip indicates which mode is acti)e. -hen you clic3 in the field( a conte1t menu displays the a)ailable options. Mode
5tandard selection C1tending selection %(&' *dding selection 5Shift4(&6 6loc3 selection 53trl4Shift4(&6
Effect
Clic3 in the te1t where you want to position the cursorS clic3 in a cell to ma3e it the acti)e cell. *ny other selection is deselected. Clic3ing in the te1t e1tends or crops the current selection. * new selection is added to an e1isting selection. The result is a multiple selection. * bloc3 of te1t can be selected.
<n -indows systems( you can hold down the ?lt 3ey while dragging to select a bloc3 of te1t. You do not need to enter the bloc3 selection mode. /ocument changes status The icon that is displayed here changes from this one changes( to this one /igital signature Ff the document has been digitally signed( this icon To )iew the certificate( double7clic3 the icon. if the document has no unsa)ed
if it has been edited and the changes ha)e not been sa)ed. is displayed hereS otherwise( it is blan3.
%ection or obGect information -hen the cursor is on a section( heading( or list item( or when an obIect %such as a picture or table' is selected( information about that item appears in this field. 2ouble7clic3ing in this area opens a rele)ant dialog. /or details( consult the ,elp or the :riter Guide. =iew layout Clic3 an icon to change between single page( side7by7side( and boo3 layout )iews. The effect )aries with the combination of window width and 4oom factor in use. You can edit the document in any )iew.
(igure $7: Diew la/outs: singleF side-b/-sideF boo2.

Hoom To change the )iew magnification( drag the Qoom slider( or clic3 on the O and signs( or right7 clic3 on the 4oom le)el percent to pop up a list of magnification )alues from which to choose. Qoom interacts with the selected )iew layout to determine how many pages are )isible in the document window.
Changing document views

-riter has se)eral ways to )iew a document& #rint $ayout( -eb $ayout( and /ull 5creen. To access these and other choices( go to the =iew menu and clic3 on the re@uired )iew. %-hen in /ull 5creen )iew( press the <sc 3ey to return to either #rint or -eb $ayout )iew.' #rint $ayout is the default )iew in -riter. Fn this )iew( you can use the Qoom slider and the Hiew $ayout icons on the 5tatus bar to change the magnification. You can also choose =iew < Hoom from the menu bar to display the Qoom P Hiew $ayout dialog( where you can set the same options as on the 5tatus bar. Fn -eb $ayout )iew( most of the choices are not a)ailable.
(igure $3: 3hoosing @oom and Diew La/out options.
1oving ?uickly through a document

Fn addition to the na)igation features of the 5tatus bar %described abo)e'( you can use the main !a)igator window and the !a)igation toolbar as described in Chapter 1( Fntroducing $ibre<ffice. Fn -riter( you can also display the !a)igation toolbar by clic3ing on the small !a)igation icon near the lower right7hand corner of the window below the )ertical scroll bar( as shown in /igure E=.
(igure $ : >avigation icons

3hapter Getting Started with :riter " &#
The !a)igation toolbar %/igure EA' shows icons for all the obIect types shown in the !a)igator( plus some e1tras %for e1ample( the results of a Find command'.
(igure $#: >avigation toolbar Clic3 an icon to select that obIect type. !ow all the Previous and >e5t icons %in the !a)igator itself( in the !a)igation Toolbar( and on the scroll bar' will Iump to the ne1t obIect of the selected type. This is particularly helpful for finding items li3e inde1 entries( which can be difficult to see in the te1t. The names of the icons %shown in the tooltips' change to match the selected categoryS for e1ample( >e5t +raphic( >e5t 0ookmark( or Continue search forward. /or more uses of the !a)igator in -riter( see the :riter Guide.
,orking with documents

Chapter 1( Fntroducing $ibre<ffice( includes instructions on starting new documents( opening e1isting documents( sa)ing documents( and password7protecting documents. Chapter 3( "sing 5tyles and Templates( co)ers how to create a document from a template.
%aving as a 1icrosoft ,ord file

Ff you need to e1change documents with users of 0icrosoft -ord who are unwilling or unable to recei)e <2T files( you can sa)e a document as a 0icrosoft -ord file. 1' mportant[/irst sa)e your document in the file format used by $ibre<ffice -riter %<2T'. Ff you do not( any changes you made since the last time you sa)ed will appear only in the 0icrosoft -ord )ersion of the document. 2' Then choose File < %ave As. <n the 5a)e *s dialog %/igure EE'( in the File type %or %ave as type' drop7down menu( select the type of -ord format you need. /iles cannot be sa)ed to the -ord )ersion E.0/BA file format. Clic3 %ave. /rom this point on( all changes /ou ma2e to the document will occur onl/ in the new document. You ha)e changed the name and file type of your document. Ff you want to go bac3 to wor3ing with the <2T )ersion of your document( you must open it again.
To ha)e -riter sa)e documents by default in the 0icrosoft -ord file format( go to )ools < "ptions < !oadD%ave < +eneral. Fn the section named Default file format and OD( settings( under /ocument type( select )e5t document( then under ?lwa/s save as( select your preferred file format.
)ip
Caution
Ft is recommended that if you use a 0icrosoft -ord format( you use the /"C and not the /"CE format. 5a)ing in <2/ format gi)es you the option to redo the document if the recipient of your document e1periences trouble with the 0icrosoft format.
&$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure $$. Saving a file in ;icrosoft :ord format
,orking with te5t

-or3ing with te1t %selecting( copying( pasting( mo)ing' in -riter is similar to wor3ing with te1t in any other program. $ibre<ffice also has some con)enient ways to select items that are not ne1t to each other( select a )ertical bloc3 of te1t( and paste unformatted te1t.
%electing items that are not consecutive

To select nonconsecuti)e items %as shown in /igure ED' using the mouse& 1' 5elect the first piece of te1t. 2' ,old down the 3trl 3ey and use the mouse to select the ne1t piece of te1t. 3' .epeat as often as needed. !ow you can wor3 with the selected te1t %copy it( delete it( change the style( or whate)er'.
>ote
0acintosh users& substitute the 3ommand 3ey when instructions in this chapter say to use the 3trl 3ey.
3hapter
Getting Started with :riter " &%
(igure $%: Selecting items that are not ne0t to each other To select nonconsecuti)e items using the 3eyboard& 1' 5elect the first piece of te1t. %/or more information about 3eyboard selection of te1t( see the topic K!a)igating and selecting with the 3eyboardL in the ,elp.' 2' #ress Shift4(&. This puts -riter in K*dding selectionL mode. 3' "se the arrow 3eys to mo)e to the start of the ne1t piece of te1t to be selected. ,old down the Shift 3ey and select the ne1t piece of te1t. =' .epeat as often as re@uired. !ow you can wor3 with the selected te1t. #ress <sc to e1it from this mode.
%electing a vertical block of te5t

You can select a )ertical bloc3 or KcolumnL of te1t that is separated by spaces or tabs %as you might see in te1t pasted from e7mails( program listings( or other sources'( using $ibre<fficeGs bloc3 selection mode. To change to bloc3 selection mode( use 4dit < %election 1ode < 0lock Area( or press 3trl4(&( or clic3 on the %election icon in the status bar and select 0lock selection from the list.
!ow highlight the selection( using mouse or 3eyboard( as shown below.
(igure $&: Selecting a vertical bloc2 of te0t
&& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Cutting3 copying3 and pasting te5t

Cutting and copying te1t in -riter is similar to cutting and copying te1t in other applications. You can use the mouse or the 3eyboard for these operations. You can copy or mo)e te1t within a document( or between documents( by dragging or by using menu selections( icons( or 3eyboard shortcuts. You can also copy te1t from other sources such as -eb pages and paste it into a -riter document. To move %drag and drop' selected te1t using the mouse( drag it to the new location and release it. To cop/ selected te1t( hold down the 3trl 3ey while dragging. The te1t retains the formatting it had before dragging. To move %cut and paste' selected te1t( use 3trl4J to cut the te1t( insert the cursor at the paste7in point and use 3trl4D to paste. *lternati)ely( use the icons on the %tandard toolbar. -hen you paste te1t( the result depends on the source of the te1t and how you paste it. Ff you clic3 on the Paste icon( any formatting the te1t has %such as bold or italics' is retained. Te1t pasted from -eb sites and other sources may also be placed into frames or tables. Ff you do not li3e the results( clic3 the (ndo icon or press 3trl4@. To ma3e the pasted te1t ta3e on the formatting of the surrounding te1t where it is being pasted&
Choose 4dit < Paste %pecial( or Clic3 the triangle to the right of the Paste icon( or Clic3 the Paste icon without releasing the left mouse button.
Then select (nformatted te5t from the resulting menu. The range of choices on the #aste 5pecial menu )aries depending on the origin and formatting of the te1t %or other obIect' to be pasted. 5ee /igure EB for an e1ample with te1t on the clipboard.
(igure $8: 'aste Special menu
Finding and replacing te5t and formatting

-riter has two ways to find te1t within a document& the /ind toolbar for fast searching and the /ind P .eplace dialog. Fn the dialog( you can&
/ind and replace words and phrases "se wildcards and regular e1pressions to fine7tune a search /ind and replace specific formatting /ind and replace paragraph styles
3hapter
Getting Started with :riter " &8
sing the *ind toolbar

Ff the /ind toolbar is not )isible( you can display it by choosing =iew < )oolbars < Find from the menu bar or by pressing 3trl4(. The /ind toolbar is shown doc3ed at the bottom of the $ibre<ffice window %Iust abo)e the 5tatus 6ar' in /igure D0( but you can float it or doc3 it in another location. /or more information on floating and doc3ing toolbars( see Chapter 1( Fntroducing $ibre<ffice.
(igure %!: Doc2ed position of (ind toolbar To use the /ind toolbar( clic3 in the bo1 and type your search te1t( then press <nter to find the ne1t occurrence of that term. Clic3 the Find >e5t or Find Previous buttons as needed. Clic3ing the binocular icon opens the /ind and .eplace dialog.
sing the *ind 0 $e&lace dialog

To display the /ind P .eplace dialog( use the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4C or choose 4dit < Find K Leplace from the menu bar. <ptionally( clic3 the 1ore "ptions button to e1pand the dialogS the button changes to Fewer "ptions.
(igure %): <0panded (ind K 1eplace dialog To use the /ind P .eplace dialog& 1' Type the te1t you want to find in the %earch for bo1. 2' To replace the te1t with different te1t( type the new te1t in the Leplace with bo1. 3' You can select )arious options such as matching the case( matching whole words only( or doing a search for similar words.
=' -hen you ha)e set up your search( clic3 Find. To replace the found te1t( clic3 Leplace. /or more information on using /ind P .eplace( see the :riter Guide.
)ip
Ff you clic3 Find All( $ibre<ffice selects all instances of the search te1t in the document. 5imilarly( if you clic3 Leplace All( $ibre<ffice replaces all matches.
Caution
"se Leplace All with cautionS otherwise( you may end up with some hilarious %and highly embarrassing' mista3es. * mista3e with Leplace All might re@uire a manual( word7by7word( search to fi1.
nserting special characters

* special character is one not found on a standard Cnglish 3eyboard. /or e1ample( \ ] ^ _ ` a b c are all special characters. To insert a special character& 1' #lace the cursor where you want the character to appear. 2' Choose nsert < %pecial Character to open the 5pecial Characters dialog. 3' 5elect the characters %from any font or mi1ture of fonts' you wish to insert( in order( then clic3 "8. The characters selected for insertion are shown in the lower left of the dialog. *s you select a character( it is shown on the right( along with its numerical code.
>ote
2ifferent fonts include different special characters. Ff you do not find a particular special character( try changing the (ont selection.
(igure %7: *he Special 3haracters dialogF where /ou can insert special characters
3hapter
Getting Started with :riter " 8)
nserting dashes and non6breaking spaces and hyphens

To pre)ent two words from being separated at the end of a line( press 3trl4Shift when you type the space between the two words. Fn cases where you do not want the hyphen to appear at the end of a line( for e1ample in a number such as 1237=AED( you can press Shift43trl4minus sign to insert a non7brea3ing hyphen. To enter en and em dashes( you can use the 1eplace dashes option on the <ptions tab under )ools < AutoCorrect "ptions. This option replaces two hyphens( under certain conditions( with the corresponding dash. is an en7dashS that is( a dash the width of the letter KnL in the font you are using. Type at least one character( a space( one or two hyphens( another space( and at least one more letter. The one or two hyphens will be replaced by an en7dash.
[ is an em7dashS that is( a dash the width of the letter KmL in the font you are using. Type at least one character( two hyphens( and at least one more character. The two hyphens will be replaced by an em7dash. 5ee the ,elp for more details. /or other methods of inserting dashes( see the :riter Guide 3hapter 3.
%etting tab stops and indents

The hori4ontal ruler shows the tab stops. *ny tab stops that you ha)e defined will o)erwrite the default tab stops. Tab settings affect indentation of full paragraphs %using the ncrease ndent and /ecrease ndent icons on the /ormatting toolbar' as well as indentation of parts of a paragraph %by pressing the *ab 3ey on the 3eyboard'. "sing the default tab spacing can cause formatting problems if you share documents with other people. Ff you use the default tab spacing and then send the document to someone else who has chosen a different default tab spacing( tabbed material will change to use the other personGs settings. Fnstead of using the defaults( define your own tab settings( as described in this section. To define indents and tab settings for one or more selected paragraphs( double7clic3 on a part of the ruler that is not between the left and right indent icons to open the -ndents K Spacing page of the #aragraph dialog. 2ouble7clic3 anywhere between the left and right indent icons on the ruler to open the *abs page of the #aragraph dialog. * better strategy is to define tabs for the paragraph st/le. 5ee Chapters E and D in the :riter Guide for more information.
)ip
"sing tabs to space out material on a page is not recommended. 2epending on what you are trying to accomplish( a table is usually a better choice.
Changing the default tab stop interval

>ote
*ny changes to the default tab setting will affect the e1isting default tab stops in any document you open afterward( as well as tab stops you insert after ma3ing the change.
To set the measurement unit and the spacing of default tab stop inter)als( go to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice ,riter < +eneral.
(igure %3: Selecting a default tab stop interval You can also set or change the measurement unit for rulers in the current document by right7 clic3ing on the ruler to open a list of units. Clic3 on one of them to change the ruler to that unit. The selected setting applies only to that ruler.
(igure % : 3hanging the measurement unit for a ruler
Checking spelling and grammar

-riter pro)ides a spelling chec3er( which can be used in two ways. Auto%pellcheck chec3s each word as it is typed and displays a wa)y red line under any unrecognised words. -hen the word is corrected( the line disappears. To perform a combined spelling and grammar chec3 on the document %or a te1t selection' clic3 the %pelling and +rammar button. This chec3s the document or selection and opens the 5pelling and rammar dialog if any unrecogni4ed words are found. Fn order to use this( the appropriate dictionaries must be installed. 6y default( four dictionaries are installed& a spellchec3er( a grammar chec3er( a hyphenation dictionary( and a thesaurus. ,ere are some more features of the spelling chec3er&
You can right7clic3 on a word with a wa)y underline to open a conte1t menu. Ff you select
from the suggested words on the menu( the selection will replace the unrecognised word in your te1t. <ther menu options are discussed below.
You can change the dictionary language %for e1ample( 5panish( /rench or erman' on the
5pelling and rammar dialog.
You can add a word to the dictionary. Clic3 Add in the 5pelling and rammar dialog and
pic3 the dictionary to add it to.
Clic3 the "ptions button on the 5pelling and rammar dialog to open a dialog similar to
the one in )ools < "ptions < !anguage %ettings < ,riting Aids described in Chapter 2. There you can choose whether to chec3 uppercase words and words with numbers( and you can manage custom dictionaries( that is( add or delete dictionaries and add or delete words in a dictionary.
<n the /ont tab of the #aragraph 5tyles dialog( you can set paragraphs to be chec3ed in a
specific language %different from the rest of the document'. 5ee Chapter D( -or3ing with 5tyles( in the :riter Guide for more information. 5ee :riter GuideF 3hapter 3 for a detailed e1planation of the spelling and grammar chec3ing facility.
3hapter Getting Started with :riter " 83
(sing built6in language tools

-riter pro)ides some tools that ma3e your wor3 easier if you mi1 multiple languages within the same document or if you write documents in )arious languages. The main ad)antage of changing the language for a te1t selection is that you can then use the correct dictionaries to chec3 spelling and apply the locali4ed )ersions of *utocorrect replacement tables( thesaurus( and hyphenation rules. You can also set the language for a paragraph or a group of characters as >one A/o not check spellingB. This option is especially useful when you insert te1t such as web addresses or programming language snippets that you do not want to chec3 for spelling. 5pecifying the language in character and paragraph styles is the preferred method( because styles allow a greater le)el of control and ma3e changing the language much faster. <n the /ont tab of the #aragraph 5tyles dialog( you can specify that certain paragraphs be chec3ed in a language that is different from the language of the rest of the document. 5ee Chapter D( -or3ing with 5tyles( in the :riter Guide for information on how to manage the language settings of a style. You can also set the language for the whole document( for indi)idual paragraphs( or e)en for indi)idual words and characters( from )ools < !anguage on the menu bar. *nother way to change the language of a whole document is to use )ools < "ptions < !anguage %ettings < !anguages. Fn the Default languages for documents section( you can choose a different language for all the te1t that is not e1plicitly mar3ed as a different language. The spelling chec3er wor3s only for those languages in the list that ha)e the symbol ne1t to them. Ff you do not see the symbol ne1t to your preferred language( you can install the additional dictionary using )ools < !anguages < 1ore dictionaries online. The language used for chec3ing spelling is also shown in the status bar( ne1t to the page style in use.
(sing AutoCorrect
-riterGs *utoCorrect function has a long list of common misspellings and typing errors( which it corrects automatically. /or e1ample( KhteL will be changed to KtheL. *utoCorrect is turned on when -riter is installed. To turn it off( unchec3 Format < AutoCorrect < ,hile )yping. Choose )ools < AutoCorrect "ptions to open the *utoCorrect dialog. There you can define which strings of te1t are corrected and how. Fn most cases( the defaults are fine. To stop -riter replacing a specific spelling( go to the Leplace tab( highlight the word pair( and clic3 /elete. To add a new spelling to the list( type it into the 1eplace and :ith bo1es on the .eplace tab( and clic3 >ew. 5ee the different tabs of the dialog for the wide )ariety of other options a)ailable to fine7tune *utoCorrect.
)ip
*utoCorrect can be used as a @uic3 way to insert special characters. /or e1ample( %c' will be changed to \. You can add your own special characters.
(sing word completion

Ff -ord Completion is enabled( -riter tries to guess which word you are typing and offers to complete the word for you. To accept the suggestion( press <nter. <therwise( continue typing. To turn off -ord Completion( select )ools < AutoCorrect "ptions < ,ord Completion and deselect 4nable word completion. You can customi4e word completion from the :ord 3ompletion page of the *utoCorrect dialog&
*dd %append' a space automatically after an accepted word 5how the suggested word as a tip %ho)ering o)er the word' rather than completing the te1t
as you type
Collect words when wor3ing on a document( and then either sa)e them for later use in
other documents or select the option to remo)e them from the list when closing the document.
Change the ma1imum number of words remembered for word completion and the length of
the smallest words to be remembered
2elete specific entries from the word completion list Change the 3ey that accepts a suggested entry[the options are 1ight arrow( <nd 3ey(
1eturn %<nter'( and Space bar
>ote
*utomatic word completion only occurs after you type a word for the second time in a document.
(sing Auto)e5t
"se *utoTe1t to store te1t( tables( graphics and other items for reuse and assign them to a 3ey combination for easy retrie)al. /or e1ample( rather than typing K5enior 0anagementL e)ery time you use that phrase( you can set up an *utoTe1t entry to insert those words when you type KsmL and press (3. *utoTe1t is especially powerful when assigned to fields. 5ee Chapter 1=( -or3ing with /ields( in the :riter Guide for more information.
+reating -uto/ext
To store some te1t as *utoTe1t& 1' Type the te1t into your document. 2' 5elect the te1t. 3' Choose 4dit < Auto)e5t %or press 3trl4(3'. =' Fn the *utoTe1t dialog bo1( type a name for the *utoTe1t in the >ame bo1. -riter will suggest a one7letter shortcut( which you can change. A' Fn the large bo1 to the left( choose the category for the *utoTe1t entry( for e1ample ;/ ?uto*e0t. E' Clic3 the Auto)e5t button on the right and select >ew Ate5t onlyB from the menu. D' Clic3 Close to return to your document.
)ip
Ff the only option under the *utoTe1t button is Fmport( either you ha)e not entered a name for your *utoTe1t or there is no te1t selected in the document.
3hapter
Getting Started with :riter " 8#
.nserting -uto/ext
To insert *utoTe1t( type the shortcut and press (3.
Formatting te5t
(sing styles is recommended
5tyles are central to using -riter. 5tyles enable you to easily format your document consistently( and to change the format with minimal effort. * style is a named set of formatting options. -hen you apply a style( you apply a whole group of formats at the same time. Fn addition( styles are used by $ibre<ffice for many processes( e)en if you are not aware of them. /or e1ample( -riter relies on heading styles %or other styles you specify' when it compiles a table of contents.
Caution
0anual formatting %also called direct formatting' o)errides styles( and you cannot get rid of the manual formatting by applying a style to it.
-riter defines se)eral types of styles( for different types of elements& characters( paragraphs( pages( frames( and lists. 5ee Chapter 3( "sing 5tyles and Templates( in this boo3 and Chapters E and D in the :riter Guide.
Formatting paragraphs
You can apply many formats to paragraphs using the buttons on the /ormatting toolbar. /igure DA shows the /ormatting toolbar as a floating toolbar( customi4ed to show only the icons for paragraph formatting. The appearance of the icons may )ary with your operating system and the selection of icon si4e and style in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < =iew.
1 <pen 5tyles and /ormatting -indow $ *pply 5tyle & *lign $eft * Centered
' . # 9
*lign .ight +ustified $ine 5pacing& 1 $ine 5pacing& 1.A $ine 5pacing& 2
12 11 1$ 1& 1*
!umbering <n/<ff 6ullets <n/<ff 2ecrease Fndent Fncrease Fndent #aragraph format dialog
(igure %#: (ormatting toolbarF showing icons for paragraph formatting
Formatting characters
You can apply many formats to characters using the buttons on the /ormatting toolbar. /igure DE shows the /ormatting toolbar( customi4ed to include only the icon for character formatting. The appearance of the icons may )ary with your operating system and the selection of icon si4e and style in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < =iew.
1 <pen 5tyles and /ormatting -indow $ *pply 5tyle & /ont !ame * /ont 5i4e ' 6old
. Ftalic # "nderline - 5uperscript 9 5ubscript 12 Fncrease /ont 11 .educe /ont
1$ /ont Color 1& ,ighlighting 1* 6ac3ground Color 1' <pen Character /ormat 2ialog
(igure %$: (ormatting toolbarF showing icons for character formatting

To remo)e manual formatting( select the te1t and choose Format < Clear /irect Formatting from the menu bar( or right7clic3 and choose Clear /irect Formatting from the conte1t menu( or use 3trl4; from the 3eyboard.
)ip
Autoformatting
You can set -riter to automatically format parts of a document according to the choices made on the <ptions page of the *utoCorrect dialog %)ools < AutoCorrect "ptions'.
)ip
Ff you notice une1pected formatting changes occurring in your document( this is the first place to loo3 for the cause.
The ,elp describes each of these choices and how to acti)ate the autoformats. 5ome common unwanted or une1pected formatting changes include&
,ori4ontal lines. Ff you type three or more hyphens %777'( underscores %MMM' or e@ual signs
%YYY' on a line and then press <nter( the paragraph is replaced by a hori4ontal line as wide as the page. The line is actually the lower border of the preceding paragraph.
6ulleted and numbered lists. * bulleted list is created when you type a hyphen %7'( star %T'(
or plus sign %O'( followed by a space or tab at the beginning of a paragraph. * numbered list is created when you type a number followed by a period %.'( followed by a space or tab at the beginning of a paragraph. *utomatic numbering is only applied to paragraphs formatted with the Default( *e0t bod/ or *e0t bod/ indent paragraph styles. To turn autoformatting on or off( choose Format < AutoCorrect and select or deselect the items on the list.
Creating numbered or bulleted lists

There are se)eral ways to create numbered or bulleted lists&
"se autoformatting( as described abo)e. "se list %numbering' styles( as described in Chapter E( Fntroduction to 5tyles( and Chapter
D( -or3ing with 5tyles( in the :riter Guide.
"se the >umbering and 0ullets icons on the paragraph formatting toolbar %see /igure
DA'& select the paragraphs in the list( and then clic3 the appropriate icon on the toolbar.
>ote
Ft is a matter of personal preference whether you type your information first( then apply !umbering/6ullets( or apply them as you type.
3hapter
Getting Started with :riter " 8%
sing the 1ullets and 2u)bering toolbar

You can create nested lists %where one or more list items has a sub7list under it( as in an outline' by using the buttons on the 6ullets and !umbering toolbar %/igure DD'. You can mo)e items up or down the list( or create sub7points( and e)en change the style of bullets. "se =iew < )oolbars < 0ullets and >umbering to see the toolbar.
Ff numbering or bullets are being applied automatically in a way that you find inappropriate( you can switch them off temporarily by unchec3ing / ormat < AutoCorrect < ,hile )yping.
>ote
1 6ullets <n/<ff $ !umbering <n/<ff & !umbering <ff * #romote <ne $e)el ' 2emote <ne $e)el
. #romote <ne $e)el with 5ubpoints # 2emote <ne $e)el with 5ubpoints - Fnsert "nnumbered Cntry 9 0o)e "p
12 0o)e 2own 11 0o)e "p with 5ubpoints 1$ 0o)e 2own with 5ubpoints 1& .estart !umbering 1* 6ullets and !umbering
(igure %%: =ullets and >umbering toolbar
;yphenating words
You ha)e se)eral choices regarding hyphenation& let -riter do it automatically %using its hyphenation dictionaries'( insert conditional hyphens manually where necessary( or donGt hyphenate at all.
-uto)atic h'&henation
To turn automatic hyphenation of words on or off& 1' #ress ()) %zO* on 0ac' to open the 5tyles and /ormatting window. 2' <n the #aragraph 5tyles page %/igure D;'( right7clic3 on /efault and select 1odify.
(igure %&: ;odif/ing a st/le
3' <n the #aragraph 5tyle dialog %/igure DB'( go to the *e0t (low page. =' "nder ,yphenation( select or deselect the Automatically option. Clic3 "8 to sa)e.
(igure %8: *urning on automatic h/phenation

Turning on hyphenation for the 2efault paragraph style affects all other paragraph styles that are based on 2efault. You can indi)idually change other styles so that hyphenation is not acti)eS for e1ample( you might not want headings to be hyphenated. *ny styles that are not based on 2efault are not affected. 5ee -riter uide Chapter 3( 5tyles and Templates( for more about styles based on other styles.
>ote
You can also set hyphenation choices through )ools < "ptions < !anguage %ettings < ,riting Aids. Fn <ptions( near the bottom of the dialog( scroll down to find the hyphenation settings.
(igure &!: Setting h/phenation options To change the minimum number of characters for hyphenation( the minimum number of characters before a line brea3( or the minimum number of characters after a line brea3( select the item( and then clic3 the 4dit button in the <ptions section. ,yphenation options set on the -riting *ids dialog are effecti)e only if hyphenation is turned on through paragraph styles.
Manual h'&henation
To manually hyphenate words( do not use a normal hyphen( which will remain )isible e)en if the word is no longer at the end of a line when you add or delete te1t or change margins or font si4e. Fnstead( use a conditional h/phen( which is )isible only when re@uired. To insert a conditional hyphen inside a word( clic3 where you want the hyphen to appear and press 3trl4h/phen. The word will be hyphenated at this position when it is at the end of the line( e)en if automatic hyphenation for this paragraph is switched off.
3hapter
Getting Started with :riter " 88
Formatting pages
-riter pro)ides se)eral ways for you to control page layouts& page styles( columns( frames( tables( and sections. /or more information( see Chapter =( /ormatting #ages( in the :riter Guide.
#age layout is usually easier if you show te1t( obIect( table( and section boundaries in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < Appearance( and paragraph end( tabs( brea3s( and other items in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice ,riter < Formatting Aids.
)ip
,hich layout method to choose9

The best layout method depends on what the final document should loo3 li3e and what sort of information will be in the document. ,ere are some e1amples. /or a boo3 similar to this user guide( with one column of te1t( some figures without te1t beside them( and some other figures with descripti)e te1t( use page styles for basic layout( and tables to place figures beside descripti)e te1t when necessary.
/or an inde1 or other document with two columns of te1t( where the te1t continues from the left7hand column to the right7hand column and then to the ne1t page( all in se@uence %also 3nown as Ksna3ing columnsL of te1t'( use page styles %with two columns'. Ff the title of the document %on the first page' is full7page width( put it in a single7column section.
)!! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
/or a newsletter with comple1 layout( two or three columns on the page( and some articles that continue from one page to some place se)eral pages later( use page styles for basic layout. #lace articles in lin3ed frames and anchor graphics to fi1ed positions on the page if necessary.
/or a document with terms and translations to appear side7by7side in what appear to be columns( use a table to 3eep items lined up( and so you can type in both KcolumnsL.
Creating headers and footers

* header is an area that appears at the top of a page. * footer appears at the bottom of the page. Fnformation such as page numbers inserted into a header or footer displays on e)ery page of the document with that page style.
.nserting a header or footer

To insert a header( you can either&
Choose nsert < ;eader < /efault %or the page style( if not 2efault'( or ,o)er the mouse o)er the top of the te1t area until the ,eader mar3er appears %/igure ;1'(
and then clic3 on the I.
(igure &): Ceader mar2er at top of te0t area

3hapter Getting Started with :riter " )!)
*fter a header has been created( a down7arrow appears on the header mar3er. Clic3 on this arrow to drop down a menu of choices for wor3ing with the header %/igure ;2'.
(igure &7: Ceader menu To format a header( you can use either the menu item shown in /igure ;2 or Format < Page < ;eader. 6oth methods ta3e you to the same tab on the #age 5tyle dialog.
.nserting header and footer contents

<ther information such as document titles and chapter titles is often put into the header or footer. These items are best added as fields. That way( if something changes( the headers and footers are updated automatically. ,ere is one common e1ample. To insert the document title into the header& 1' Choose File < Properties < /escription and type a title for your document. 2' *dd a header % nsert < ;eader < /efault'. 3' #lace the cursor in the header part of the page. =' Choose nsert < Fields < )itle. The title should appear on a gray bac3ground %which does not show when printed and can be turned off'. A' To change the title for the whole document( go bac3 to File < Properties < /escription. /ields are co)ered in detail in Chapter 1=( -or3ing with /ields( in the :riter Guide. /or more about headers and footers( see Chapter =( /ormatting #ages( and Chapter E( Fntroduction to 5tyles( in the :riter Guide.
>umbering pages
#is&la'ing the &age nu)ber
To automatically display page numbers& 1' Fnsert a header or footer( as described in KCreating headers and footersL abo)e. 2' #lace the cursor in the header or footer where you want the page number to appear and choose nsert < Fields < Page >umber.
.ncluding the total nu)ber of &ages

To include the total number of pages %as in Kpage 1 of 12L'& 1' Type the word KpageL and a space( then insert the page number as abo)e. 2' #ress the space bar once( type the word KofL and a space( then choose nsert < Fields < Page Count.
The #age Count field inserts the total number of pages in the document( as shown on the 5tatistics tab of the documentGs #roperties window % File < Properties'. Ff you restart page numbering anywhere in the document( then the total page count may not be what you want. 5ee Chapter =( /ormatting #ages( in the :riter Guide for more information.
>ote
)!7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
$estarting &age nu)bering

<ften you will want to restart the page numbering at 1( for e1ample on the page following a title page or a table of contents. Fn addition( many documents ha)e the Kfront matterL %such as the table of contents' numbered with .oman numerals and the main body of the document numbered in *rabic numerals( starting with 1. You can restart page numbering in two ways. 1ethod 1: 1' #lace the cursor in the first paragraph of the new page. 2' Choose Format < Paragraph. 3' <n the Te1t /low tab of the #aragraph dialog %/igure DB on page BB'( select 0reaks. =' 5elect nsert and then ,ith Page %tyle and specify the page style to use. A' 5pecify the page number to start from( and then clic3 "8.
0ethod 1 is also useful for numbering the first page of a document with a page number greater than 1. /or e1ample( you may be writing a boo3( with each chapter in a separate file. Chapter 1 may start with page 1( but Chapter 2 could begin with page 2A and Chapter 3 with page A1.
)ip
1ethod $: 1' nsert < 1anual break. 2' 6y default( Page break is selected on the Fnsert 6rea3 dialog %/igure ;3'. 3' Choose the re@uired page %tyle. =' 5elect Change page number. A' 5pecify the page number to start from( and then clic3 "8.
(igure &3: 1estarting page numbering after a manual page brea2
Changing page margins

You can change page margins in two ways&
"sing the page rulers[@uic3 and easy( but does not ha)e fine control "sing the #age 5tyle dialog[can specify margins to two decimal places
Ff you change the margins using the rulers( the new margins affect the page style and will be shown in the #age 5tyle dialog the ne1t time you open it. 6ecause the page style is affected( the changed margins apply to all pages using that style.
>ote
3hapter
Getting Started with :riter " )!3
To change margins using the rulers& 1' The gray sections of the rulers are the margins. #ut the mouse cursor o)er the line between the gray and white sections. The pointer turns into a double7headed arrow. 2' ,old down the left mouse button and drag the mouse to mo)e the margin.
(igure & : ;oving the margins
Caution
The small arrowheads on the ruler %the gray triangles' are used for indenting paragraphs. They are often in the same place as the page margins( so you need to be careful to mo)e the margin mar3er( not the arrows. The double7headed arrows shown in /igure ;= are actual mouse cursors placed in the correct position.
To change margins using the #age 5tyle dialog& 1' .ight7clic3 anywhere in the te1t area on the page and select Page from the pop7up menu. 2' <n the Page tab of the dialog( type the re@uired distances in the 0argins bo1es.
Adding comments to a document

*uthors and re)iewers often use comments %formerly called KnotesL' to e1change ideas( as3 for suggestions( or mar3 items needing attention. * bloc3 of te1t may be selected for a comment( or a single point may be selected at which the comment will be inserted. To insert a comment select the te1t( or place the cursor in the place the comment refers to and choose nsert < Comment or press 3trl4?lt43. The anchor point of the comment is connected by a dotted line to a bo1 on the right7hand side of the page where you can type the te1t of the comment. -riter automatically adds at the bottom of the comment the authorGs name and a time stamp indicating when the comment was created. /igure ;A shows an e1ample of te1t with comments from two different authors.
(igure &#: <0ample of comments Choose )ools < "ptions < (ser /ata to configure the name you want to appear in the *uthor field of the comment( or to change it.
)! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Ff more than one person edits the document( each author is automatically allocated a different bac3ground color. .ight7clic3ing on a comment pops up a menu where you can delete the current comment( all the comments from the same author( or all the comments in the document. /rom this menu( you can also apply some basic formatting to the te1t of the comment. You can also change the font type( si4e( and alignment from the main menu. To na)igate from one comment to another( open the !a)igator %(#'( e1pand the Comments section( and clic3 on the comment te1t to mo)e the cursor to the anchor point of the comment in the document. .ight7clic3 on the comment to @uic3ly edit or delete it. You can also na)igate through the comments using the 3eyboard. "se 3trl4?lt4'age Down to mo)e to the ne1t comment and 3trl4?lt4'age +p to mo)e to the pre)ious comment.
Creating a table of contents

-riters table of contents feature lets you build an automated table of contents from the headings in your document. 6efore you start( ma3e sure that the headings are styled consistently. /or e1ample( you can use the Ceading ) style for chapter titles and the Ceading 7 and Ceading 3 styles for chapter subheadings. *lthough tables of contents can be customi4ed e1tensi)ely in -riter( often the default settings are all you need. Creating a @uic3 table of contents is simple& 1' -hen you create your document( use the following paragraph styles for different heading le)els %such as chapter and section headings'& Ceading )( Ceading 7( Ceading 3( and so on. These are what will appear in your table of contents. 2' #lace the cursor where you want the table of contents to be inserted. 3' Choose nsert < nde5es and )ables < nde5es and )ables. =' Change nothing in the Fnsert Fnde1/Table dialog. Clic3 "8. Ff you add or delete te1t %so that headings mo)e to different pages' or you add( delete( or change headings( you need to update the table of contents. To do this& 1' #lace the cursor within the table of contents. 2' .ight7clic3 and choose (pdate nde5D)able from the pop7up menu.
Ff you cannot place your cursor in the table of contents( choose )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice ,riter < Formatting Aids( and then select 4nable in the Cursor in protected areas section.
>ote
You can customi4e an e1isting table of contents at any time. .ight7clic3 anywhere in it and choose 4dit nde5D)able from the pop7up menu. Chapter 12( Creating Tables of Contents( Fnde1es and 6ibliographies( of the :riter Guide describes in detail all the customi4ations you can choose.
Creating inde5es and bibliographies

Fnde1es and bibliographies wor3 in a similar way to tables of contents. Chapter 12( Creating Tables of Contents( Fnde1es and 6ibliographies( in the :riter Guide describes the process in detail. Fn addition to alphabetical inde1es( other types of inde1es supplied with -riter include those for illustrations( tables( and obIects( and you can e)en create a user7defined inde1. /or e1ample( you might want an inde1 containing only the scientific names of species mentioned in the te1t( and a
3hapter
Getting Started with :riter " )!#
separate inde1 containing only the common names of species. 6efore creating some types of inde1es( you first need to create inde1 entries embedded in your -riter document.
,orking with graphics

raphics in -riter are of three basic types&
Fmage files( including photos( drawings( scanned images( and others 2iagrams created using $ibre<fficeGs drawing tools Charts created using $ibre<fficeGs Chart component
5ee Chapter 11( raphics( the raphics( in the :riter Guide. allery( and /ontwor3( in this boo3 and Chapter ;( -or3ing with
Printing
5ee Chapter 10( #rinting( C1porting( and C7mailing( in this boo3 and Chapter A( #rinting( C1porting( /a1ing( and C7mailing( in the :riter Guide for details on pre)iewing pages before printing( selecting print options( printing in blac3 and white on a color printer( printing brochures( and other printing features.
(sing mail merge

-riter pro)ides )ery useful features to create and print&
0ultiple copies of a document to send to a list of different recipients %form letters' 0ailing labels Cn)elopes
*ll these facilities use a registered data source %a spreadsheet or database containing the name and address records and other information'. Chapter 11( "sing 0ail 0erge( in the :riter Guide describes the process.
)racking changes to a document

You can use se)eral methods to 3eep trac3 of changes made to a document. 1' 0a3e your changes to a copy of the document %stored in a different folder( or under a different name( or both'( then use -riter to combine the two files and show the differences. Choose 4dit < Compare /ocument. This techni@ue is particularly useful if you are the only person wor3ing on the document( as it a)oids the increase in file si4e and comple1ity caused by the other methods. 2' 5a)e )ersions that are stored as part of the original file. ,owe)er( this method can cause problems with documents of non7tri)ial si4e or comple1ity( especially if you sa)e a lot of )ersions. *)oid this method if you can. 3' "se -riterGs change mar3s %often called KredlinesL or Kre)ision mar3sL' to show where you ha)e added or deleted material( or changed formatting. Choose 4dit < Changes < Lecord before starting to edit. $ater( you or another person can re)iew and accept or reIect each change. Choose 4dit < Changes < %how. .ight7clic3 on an indi)idual change and choose Accept Change or LeGect Change from the pop7up menu( or choose 4dit < Changes < Accept or LeGect to )iew the list of changes and accept or reIect them. 2etails are in the :riter Guide.
)!$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
)ip
!ot all changes are recorded. /or e1ample( changing a tab stop from align left to align right( and changes in formulas %e@uations' or lin3ed graphics are not recorded.
(sing fields
/ields are e1tremely useful features of -riter. They are used for data that changes in a document %such as the current date or the total number of pages' and for inserting document properties such as name( author( and date of last update. /ields are the basis of cross7referencing %see below'S automatic numbering of figures( tables( headings( and other elementsS and a wide range of other functions[far too many to describe here. 5ee Chapter 1=( -or3ing with /ields( in the :riter Guide for details.
!inking to another part of a document

Ff you type in cross7references to other parts of a document( those references can easily get out of date if you reorgani4e the order of topics( add or remo)e material( or reword a heading. -riter pro)ides two ways to ensure that your references are up to date( by inserting lin3s to other parts of the same document or to a different document&
,yperlin3s Cross7references
The two methods ha)e the same result if you 3trl4clic2 the lin3 when the document is open in -riter& you are ta3en directly to the cross7referenced item. ,owe)er( they also ha)e maIor differences&
The te1t in a hyperlin3 does not automatically update if you change the te1t of the lin3ed
item %although you can change it manually'( but changed te1t does automatically update in a cross7reference.
-hen using a hyperlin3( you do not ha)e a choice of the content of the lin3 %for e1ample
te1t or page number'( but when using a cross7reference( you ha)e se)eral choices( including boo3mar3s.
To hyperlin3 to an obIect such as a graphic( and ha)e the hyperlin3 show useful te1t such
as (igure $( you need to gi)e such an obIect a useful name %instead of a default name li3e Graphics$6( or use the ,yperlin3 dialog to modify the )isible te1t. Fn contrast( cross7 references to figures with captions automatically show useful te1t( and you ha)e a choice of se)eral )ariations of the name.
Ff you sa)e a -riter document to ,T0$( hyperlin3s remain acti)e but cross7references do
not. %6oth remain acti)e when the document is e1ported to #2/.'
(sing hyperlinks
The easiest way to insert a hyperlin3 to another part of the same document is by using the !a)igator& 1' <pen the document containing the items you want to cross7reference. 2' <pen the !a)igator by clic3ing its icon( choosing =iew < >avigator( or by pressing (#. 3' Clic3 the arrow ne1t to the /rag 1ode icon( and choose nsert as ;yperlink. =' Fn the list at the bottom of the !a)igator( select the document containing the item that you want to cross7reference. A' Fn the !a)igator list( select the item that you want to insert as a hyperlin3.
3hapter
Getting Started with :riter " )!%
E' 2rag the item to where you want to insert the hyperlin3 in the document. The name of the item is inserted in the document as an acti)e hyperlin3. You can also use the ,yperlin3 dialog to insert and modify hyperlin3s within and between documents. 5ee Chapter 12( Creating -eb #ages.
(igure &$: -nserting a h/perlin2 using the >avigator
(sing cross6references
Ff you type in references to other parts of the document( those references can easily get out of date if you reword a heading( add or remo)e figures( or reorgani4e topics. .eplace any typed cross7 references with automatic ones and( when you update fields( all the references will update automatically to show the current wording or page numbers. The 3ross-references tab of the /ields dialog lists some items( such as headings( boo3mar3s( figures( tables( and numbered items such as steps in a procedure. You can also create your own reference itemsS see K5etting .eferencesL in Chapter 1=( -or3ing with /ields( in the :riter Guide for instructions. To insert a cross7reference to a heading( figure( boo3mar3( or other item& 1' Fn your document( place the cursor where you want the cross7reference to appear. 2' Ff the /ields dialog is not open( clic3 nsert < Cross6reference. <n the 3ross-references tab %/igure ;D'( in the */pe list( select the type of item to be referenced %for e1ample( Ceading or (igure'. You can lea)e this page open while you insert many cross7references. 3' Clic3 on the re@uired item in the Selection list( which shows all the items of the selected type. Fn the -nsert reference to list( choose the format re@uired. The list )aries according to the Type. The most commonly used options are Leference %to insert the full te1t of a heading or caption'( Category and >umber %to insert a figure number preceded by the word (igure or *able( but without the caption te1t'( >umbering %to insert only the figure or table number( without the word K/igureL or KTableL'( or Page %to insert the number of the page the referenced te1t is on'. Clic3 nsert.
)!& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure &%: *he 3ross-references tab of the (ields dialog
(sing bookmarks
6oo3mar3s are listed in the !a)igator and can be accessed directly from there with a single mouse clic3. You can cross7reference to boo3mar3s and create hyperlin3s to boo3mar3s( as described abo)e. 1' 5elect the te1t you want to boo3mar3. Clic3 nsert < 0ookmark. 2' <n the Fnsert 6oo3mar3 dialog( the larger bo1 lists any pre)iously defined boo3mar3s. Type a name for this boo3mar3 in the top bo1( and then clic3 "8.
(igure &&: -nserting a boo2mar2
3hapter
Getting Started with :riter " )!8
(sing master documents

0aster documents are typically used for producing long documents such as a boo3( a thesis( or a long reportS or when different people are writing different chapters or other parts of the full document( so you donGt need to share files. * master document Ioins separate te1t documents into one larger document( and unifies the formatting( table of contents %T<C'( bibliography( inde1( and other tables or lists. Yes( master documents do wor3 in -riter. ,owe)er( until you become familiar with them( you may thin3 that master documents are unreliable or difficult to use. 5ee Chapter 13( -or3ing with 0aster 2ocuments( in the :riter Guide.
Creating fill6in forms

* standard te1t document displays information& a letter( report( or brochure( for e1ample. Typically the reader may either edit e)erything or nothing in any way. * form has sections that are not to be edited( and other sections that are designed for the reader to ma3e changes. /or e1ample( a @uestionnaire has an introduction and @uestions %which do not change' and spaces for the reader to enter answers. /orms are used in three ways&
To create a simple document for the recipient to complete( such as a @uestionnaire sent out
to a group of people who fill it in and return it.
To lin3 into a database or data source and allow the user to enter information. 5omeone
ta3ing orders might enter the information for each order into a database using a form.
To )iew information held in a database or data source. * librarian might call up information
about boo3s. -riter offers se)eral ways to fill information into a form( including chec3 bo1es( option buttons( te1t bo1es( pull7down lists and spinners. 5ee Chapter 1A( "sing /orms in -riter( in the :riter Guide.
))! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc

+sing Spreadsheets in LibreOffice
,hat is Calc9
Calc is the spreadsheet component of $ibre<ffice. You can enter data %usually numerical' in a spreadsheet and then manipulate this data to produce certain results. *lternati)ely( you can enter data and then use Calc in a d-hat if...G manner by changing some of the data and obser)ing the results without ha)ing to retype the entire spreadsheet or sheet. <ther features pro)ided by Calc include&
/unctions( which can be used to create formulas to perform comple1 calculations on data. 2atabase functions( to arrange( store( and filter data. 2ynamic chartsS a wide range of 22 and 32 charts. 0acros( for recording and e1ecuting repetiti)e tas3sS scripting languages supported include $ibre<ffice 6asic( #ython( 6ean5hell( and +a)a5cript.
*bility to open( edit( and sa)e 0icrosoft C1cel spreadsheets. Fmport and e1port of spreadsheets in multiple formats( including ,T0$( C5H( #2/( and
#ost5cript.
Ff you want to use macros written in 0icrosoft C1cel using the H6* macro code in $ibre<ffice( you must first edit the code in the $ibre<ffice 6asic F2C editor. 5ee 3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros and 3alc Guide 3hapter )7 3alc ;acros.
>ote
%preadsheets3 sheets and cells

Calc wor3s with elements called spreadsheets. 5preadsheets consist of a number of indi)idual sheets( each sheet containing cells arranged in rows and columns. * particular cell is identified by its row number and column letter. Cells hold the indi)idual elements te1t( numbers( formulas( and so on that ma3e up the data to display and manipulate. Cach spreadsheet can ha)e se)eral sheets( and each sheet can ha)e se)eral indi)idual cells. Fn Calc( each sheet can ha)e a ma1imum of 1(0=;(ADE rows %EA(A3E rows in Calc 3.2 and earlier' and a ma1imum of 102= columns.
Calc main dialog

-hen Calc is started( the main window opens %/igure ;B' and the )arious parts of this dialog are e1plained below.
)itle bar
The Title bar( located at the top( shows the name of the current spreadsheet. -hen the spreadsheet is newly created( its name is +ntitled J( where J is a number. -hen you sa)e a spreadsheet for the first time( you are prompted to enter a name of your choice.
1enu bar
The 0enu bar is where you select one of the menus and )arious sub7menus appear gi)ing you more options. You can also customi4e the 0enu barS see 3hapter ) 3ustomi.ing LibreOffice for more information.
))7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure &8: 3alc main dialog
File contains commands that apply to the entire documentS for e1ample Open( Save(
:i.ards( <0port as 'D(( 'rintF Digital Signatures and so on.
4dit contains commands for editing the documentS for e1ample +ndo( 3op/( 3hanges(
(ill( 'lug-in and so on.
=iew contains commands for modifying how the Calc user interface loo3sS for e1ample
*oolbars( 3olumn K 1ow Ceaders( (ull Screen( @oom and so on.
nsert contains commands for inserting elements into a spreadsheetS for e1ample 3ells( 1ows( 3olumns( Sheets( 'icture and so on. 'age( St/les and (ormatting( ?lignment and so on.
Format contains commands for modifying the layout of a spreadsheetS for e1ample 3ells( )ools contains )arious functions to help you chec3 and customi4e your spreadsheet( for
e1ample Spelling( Share Document( Galler/( ;acros and so on.
/ata contains commands for manipulating data in your spreadsheetS for e1ample Define
1ange( Sort( 3onsolidate and so on.
,indow contains commands for the display windowS for e1ample >ew :indow( Split and
so on.
;elp contains lin3s to the help system included with the software and other
miscellaneous functionsS for e1ample Celp( License -nformation( 3hec2 for +pdates and so on.
)oolbars
The default setting when Calc opens is for the 5tandard and /ormatting toolbars to be doc3ed at the top of the wor3space %/igure ;B'.
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " ))3
Calc toolbars can be either doc3ed and fi1ed in place( or floating allowing you to mo)e a toolbar into a more con)enient position on your wor3space. 2oc3ed toolbars can be undoc3ed and mo)ed to different doc3ed position on the wor3space or undoc3ed to become a floating toolbar. Toolbars that are floating when opened can be doc3ed into a fi1ed position on your wor3space. The default set of icons %sometimes called buttons' on toolbars pro)ide a wide range of common commands and functions. You can also remo)e or add icons to toolbars( see 3hapter ) 3ustomi.ing LibreOffice for more information.
Formula bar
The Formula 0ar is located at the top of the sheet in your Calc wor3space. The /ormula 6ar is permanently doc3ed in this position and cannot be used as a floating toolbar. Ff the /ormula 6ar is not )isible( go to =iew on the main menu bar and select Formula 0ar.
(igure 8!: (ormula bar oing from left to right and referring to /igure B0( the /ormula 6ar consists of the following&
>ame 0o5 gi)es the cell reference using a combination of a letter and number( for
e1ample *1. The letter indicates the column and the number indicates the row of the selected cell.
Function ,i7ard
opens a dialog from which you can search through a list of a)ailable functions. This can be )ery useful because it also shows how the functions are formatted. clic3ing on the 5um icon totals the numbers in the cells abo)e the selected cell and then places the total in the selected cell. Ff there are no numbers abo)e the selected cell( then the cells to the left are totaled. clic3ing on the /unction icon inserts an e@uals %Y' sign into the selected cell and the nput line allowing a formula to be entered. nput line displays the contents of the selected cell %data( formula( or function' and allows you to edit the cell contents. cell. -hen you enter new data into a cell( the 5um and /unction icons change to Cancel and Accept icons .
%um
Function
You can also edit the contents of a cell directly in the cell itself by double clic3ing on the
>ote
Fn a spreadsheet the term function co)ers much more than Iust mathematical functions. 5ee the 3alc Guide 3hapter % +sing (ormulas and (unctions in for more information.
%preadsheet layout
.ndividual cells
The main section of the wor3space in Calc displays the cells in the form of a grid. Cach cell is formed by the intersection of the columns and rows in the spreadsheet. *t the top of the columns and the left end of the rows are a series of header bo1es containing letters and numbers. The column headers use an alpha character starting at * and go on to the right. The row headers use a numerical character starting at 1 and go down.
)) " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
These column and row headers form the cell references that appear in the !ame 6o1 on the /ormula 6ar %/igure B0'. Ff the headers are not )isible on your spreadsheet( go to =iew on the main menu bar and select Column K Low ;eaders.
Sheet tabs
Fn Calc you can ha)e more than one sheet in a spreadsheet. *t the bottom of the grid of cells in a spreadsheet are sheet tabs indicating how many sheets there are in your spreadsheet. Clic3ing on a tab enables access to each indi)idual sheet and displays that sheet. *n acti)e sheet is indicated with a white tab %default Calc setup'. You can also select multiple sheet by holding down the 3trl 3ey while you clic3 on the sheet tabs. To change the default name for a sheet %5heet1( 5heet2( and so on'( right clic3 on a sheet tab and select Lename %heet from the conte1t menu. * dialog opens allowing you to type in a new name for the sheet. Clic3 "8 when finished to close the dialog. To change the color of a sheet tab( right clic3 on the tab and select )ab Color from the conte1t menu to open the )ab Color dialog %/igure B1'. 5elect your color and clic3 "8 when finished to close the dialog. To add new colors to this color palette( see 3hapter ) 3ustomi.ing LibreOffice for more information.
(igure 8): *ab color dialog
(igure 87: 3alc status bar
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " ))#
Status bar
The Calc status bar %/igure B2' pro)ides information about the spreadsheet and con)enient ways to @uic3ly change some of its features. 0ost of the fields are similar to those in other components of $ibre<fficeS see 3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice in this guide and the 3alc Guide 3hapter ) -ntroducing 3alc for more information.
"pening a C%= file

Comma7separated7)alues %C5H' files are spreadsheet files in a te1t format where cell contents are separated by a character( for e1ample comma( semi7colon( and so on. Cach line in a C5H te1t file represents a row in a spreadsheet. Te1t is entered between @uotation mar3sS numbers are entered without @uotation mar3s. To open a C5H file in Calc& 1' Choose File < "pen on the main menu bar and locate the C5H file that you want to open. 2' 5elect the file and clic3 "pen. 6y default( a C5H file has the e1tension .cs). ,owe)er( some C5H files may ha)e a .txt e1tension. 3' The )e5t mport dialog %/igure B3' opens allowing you to select the )arious options a)ailable when importing a C5H file into a Calc spreadsheet. =' Clic3 "8 to open and import the file.
(igure 83: *e0t -mport dialog
))$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
The )arious options for importing C5H files into a Calc spreadsheet are as follows&
mport
3haracter Set specifies the character set to be used in the imported file. Language determines how the number strings are imported. Ff $anguage is set to 2efault for C5H import( Calc will use the globally set language. Ff $anguage is set to a specific language( that language will be used when importing numbers.
(rom 1ow specifies the row where you want to start the import. The rows are )isible in the pre)iew window at the bottom of the dialog.
%eparator "ptions specifies whether your data uses separators or fi1ed widths as
delimiters.
(i0ed width separates fi1ed7width data %e@ual number of characters' into columns. Clic3 on the ruler in the pre)iew window to set the width. Separated b/ select the separator used in your data to delimit the data into columns. -hen you select Other( you specify the character used to separate data into columns. This custom separator must also be contained in your data. ;erge delimiters combines consecuti)e delimiters and remo)es blan3 data fields. *e0t delimiter select a character to delimit te1t data.
"ther options 9uoted fields as te0t when this option is enabled( fields or cells whose )alues are
@uoted in their entirety %the first and last characters of the )alue e@ual the te1t delimiter' are imported as te1t.
Detect special numbers when this option is enabled( Calc will automatically detect all number formats( including special number formats such as dates( time( and scientific notation. The selected language also influences how such special numbers are detected( since different languages and regions many ha)e different con)entions for such special numbers. -hen this option is disabled( Calc will detect and con)ert only decimal numbers. The rest( including numbers formatted in scientific notation( will be imported as te1t. * decimal number string can ha)e digits 07B( thousands separators( and a decimal separator. Thousands separators and decimal separators may )ary with the selected language and region.
Fields shows how your data will loo3 when it is separated into columns. 3olumn t/pe select a column in the pre)iew window and select the data type to be
applied to the imported data.
Standard Calc determines the type of data. *e0t imported data are treated as te1t. +S <nglish numbers formatted in "5 Cnglish are searched for and included regardless of the system language. * number format is not applied. Ff there are no "5 Cnglish entries( the Standard format is applied. Cide the data in the column are not imported.
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " ))%
%aving spreadsheets
To sa)e a spreadsheet( see 3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice for more details on how to sa)e files manually or automatically. Calc can also sa)e spreadsheets in a range of formats and also e1port spreadsheets to #2/( ,T0$ and N,T0$ file formats( see the 3alc Guide 3hapter $ 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing for more information.
%aving in other spreadsheet formats

Ff you need to e1change files with users who are unable to recei)e spreadsheet files in <pen 2ocument /ormat %<2/' %*.ods'( which Calc uses as default format( you can sa)e a spreadsheet in an another format. 1' 5a)e your spreadsheet in Calc spreadsheet file format %*.ods'. 2' 5elect File < %ave As on the main menu bar to open the %ave As dialog %/igure B='. 3' Fn File name( if you wish( enter a new file name for the spreadsheet. =' Fn File type drop7down menu( select the type of spreadsheet format you want to use. A' Ff Automatic file name e5tension is selected( the correct file e1tension for the spreadsheet format you ha)e selected will be added to the file name. E' Clic3 %ave. D' Cach time you clic3 %ave( the Confirm File Format dialog opens %/igure BA'. Clic3 (se Q555R Format to continue sa)ing in your selected spreadsheet format or clic3 (se "/F Format to sa)e the spreadsheet in Calc <25 format. ;' Ff you select )e5t C%= format %*.cs)' for your spreadsheet( the 45port )e5t File dialog %/igure BE' opens allowing you to select the character set( field delimiter( te1t delimiter and so on to be used for your C5H file.
(igure 8 : Save ?s dialog
))& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 8#: 3onfirm (ile (ormat dialog
(igure 8$: <0port *e0t (ile dialog for 3SD files

To ha)e Calc sa)e documents by default in a file format other than the default <2/ format( go to )ools < "ptions < !oadD%ave < +eneral. Fn Default file format and OD( settings , Document t/pe( select %preadsheet( then in ?lwa/s save as( select your preferred file format.
)ip
>avigating within spreadsheets

Calc pro)ides many ways to na)igate within a spreadsheet from cell to cell and sheet to sheet. You can generally use the method you prefer.
Cell navigation
-hen a cell is selected or in focus( the cell borders are emphasi4ed. -hen a group of cells is selected( the cell area is colored. The color of the cell border emphasis and the color of a group of selected cells depends on the operating system being used and how you ha)e set up $ibre<ffice.
(sing the mouse place the mouse pointer o)er the cell and clic3 the left mouse button.
To mo)e the focus to another cell using the mouse( simply mo)e the mouse pointer to the cell where you want the focus to be and clic3 the left mouse button.
(sing a cell reference highlight or delete the e1isting cell reference in the !ame 6o1 on
the /ormula 6ar %/igure B0 on page 11='. Type the new cell reference of the cell you want to mo)e to and press <nter 3ey. Cell references are case insensiti)e& for e1ample( typing a3 or *3 will mo)e the focus to cell *3.
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " ))8
(igure 8%: >avigator dialog in 3alc
(sing the >avigator clic3 on the >avigator icon
on the 5tandard toolbar or press the (# 3ey to open the >avigator dialog %/igure BD'. Type the cell reference into the Column and .ow fields and press the <nter 3ey. row. #ressing Shift4<nter mo)es the focus up in a column to the ne1t row.
(sing the 4nter key pressing <nter mo)es the cell focus down in a column to the ne1t (sing the )ab key pressing *ab mo)es the cell focus right in a row to the ne1t column.
#ressing Shift4*ab mo)es the focus to the left in a row to the ne1t column.
(sing the arrow keys pressing the arrow 3eys on the 3eyboard mo)es the cell focus in
the direction of the arrow pressed.
(sing ;ome3 4nd3 Page (p and Page /own Come mo)es the cell focus to the start of a row. <nd mo)es the cell focus to the last cell on the right in the row that contains data. 'age Down mo)es the cell focus down one complete screen display. 'age +p mo)es the cell focus up one complete screen display.
%heet navigation
Cach sheet in a spreadsheet is independent of the other sheets( though references can be lin3ed from one sheet to another. There are three ways to na)igate between different sheets in a spreadsheet.
(sing the >avigator when the !a)igator is open %/igure BD'( double7clic3ing on any of
the listed sheets selects the sheet.
(sing the keyboard using 3ey combinations 3trl4'age Down mo)es one sheet to the
right and 3trl4'age +p mo)es one sheet to the left.
(sing the mouse clic3ing on one of the sheet tabs at the bottom of the spreadsheet
selects that sheet. Ff there are a lot of sheets in your spreadsheet( then some of the sheet tabs may be hidden behind the hori4ontal scroll bar at the bottom of the screen. Ff this is the case( using the four buttons to the left of the sheet tabs can mo)e the tabs into )iew %/igure B;'.
)7! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
>ote
The sheet tab arrows that appear in /igure B; are only acti)e if there are sheet tabs that cannot be seen. -hen you insert a new sheet into your spreadsheet( Calc automatically uses the ne1t number in the numeric se@uence as a name. 2epending on which sheet is open when you insert a new sheet( your new sheet may not be in numerical order. Ft is recommended to rename sheets in your spreadsheet to ma3e them more recogni4able.
>ote
(igure 8&. >avigating sheet tabs
8eyboard navigation
#ressing a 3ey or a combination of 3eys allows you to na)igate a spreadsheet using the 3eyboard. * 3ey combination is where you press more than one 3ey together( for e1ample 3trl4Come 3ey combination to mo)e to cell *1. Table = lists the 3eys and 3ey combinations you can use for spreadsheet na)igation in Calc. *able . Le/board cell navigation 3e'board shortcut
3trl4
+ell navigation
0o)es cell focus right one cell 0o)es cell focus left one cell 0o)es cell focus up one cell 0o)es cell focus down one cell 0o)es cell focus to the first column on the right containing data in that row if cell focus is on a blan3 cell. 0o)es cell focus to the last column on the right containing data in that row if cell focus is on a cell containing data. 0o)es cell focus to the last column on the right in the spreadsheet if there are no more cells containing data.
3trl4
0o)es cell focus to the last column on the left containing data in that row if cell focus is on a blan3 cell. 0o)es cell focus to the first column on the left containing data in the spreadsheet if cell focus is on a cell containing data. 0o)es cell focus to the first column in that row if there are no more cells containing data.
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " )7)
3e'board shortcut
3trl4
+ell navigation
0o)es cell focus from a blan3 cell to the first cell abo)e containing data in the same column. 0o)es cell focus from a cell containing data to the cell in .ow 1 in the same column.
3trl4
0o)es cell focus from a blan3 cell to the first cell below containing data in the same column. 0o)es cell focus from a cell containing data to the last cell containing data in the same column. 0o)es cell focus from the last cell containing data to the cell in the same column in the last row of the spreadsheet.
3trl4Come 3trl4<nd
0o)es cell focus from anywhere on the spreadsheet to Cell *1 on the same sheet. 0o)es cell focus from anywhere on the spreadsheet to the last cell in the lower right7hand corner of the rectangular area of cells containing data on the same sheet. 0o)es cell focus one screen to the right %if possible'. 0o)es cell focus one screen to the left %if possible'. 0o)es cell focus to the same cell on the ne1t sheet to the right in sheet tabs if the spreadsheet has more than on sheet. 0o)es cell focus to the same cell on the ne1t sheet to the left in sheet tabs if the spreadsheet has more than on sheet. 0o)es cell focus to the ne1t cell on the right 0o)es cell focus to the ne1t cell on the left 2own one cell %unless changed by user' "p one cell %unless changed by user'
?lt4'age Down ?lt4'age +p 3trl4'age Down 3trl4'age +p *ab Shift4*ab <nter Shift4<nter
Customi7ing the 4nter key

You can choose the direction in which the <nter 3ey mo)es the cell focus by going to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice Calc < +eneral. 5elect the direction cell focus mo)es from the drop7down list. 2epending on the file being used or the type of data being entered( setting a different direction can be useful. The <nter 3ey can also be used to switch into and out of editing mode. "se the first two options under -nput settings in /igure BB to change the <nter 3ey settings.
(igure 88: 3ustomi.ing the <nter 2e/
%electing items in a spreadsheet

%electing cells
Single cell
$eft7clic3 in the cell. You can )erify your selection by loo3ing in the !ame 6o1 on the /ormula 6ar %/igure B0 on page 11='.
$ange of contiguous cells

* range of cells can be selected using the 3eyboard or the mouse. To select a range of cells by dragging the mouse cursor& 1' Clic3 in a cell. 2' #ress and hold down the left mouse button. 3' 0o)e the mouse around the screen. =' <nce the desired bloc3 of cells is highlighted( release the left mouse button. To select a range of cells without dragging the mouse& 1' Clic3 in the cell which is to be one corner of the range of cells. 2' 0o)e the mouse to the opposite corner of the range of cells. 3' ,old down the Shift 3ey and clic3.
You can also select a contiguous range of cells by first clic3ing in the %election mode field on the 5tatus 6ar %/igure B2 on page 11A' and selecting 45tending selection before clic3ing in the opposite corner of the range of cells. 0a3e sure to change bac3 to %tandard selection or you may find yourself e1tending a cell selection unintentionally.
)ip
To select a range of cells without using the mouse& 1' 5elect the cell that will be one of the corners in the range of cells. 2' -hile holding down the Shift 3ey( use the cursor arrows to select the rest of the range.
You can also directly select a range of cells using the !ame 6o1. Clic3 into the !ame 6o1 on the /ormula 6ar %/igure B0 on page 11='. To select a range of cells( enter the cell reference for the upper left7hand cell( followed by a colon %&'( and then the lower right7hand cell reference. /or e1ample( to select the range that would go from *3 to CE( you would enter ?3:3$.
)ip
$ange of non(contiguous cells

1' 5elect the cell or range of cells using one of the methods abo)e. 2' 0o)e the mouse pointer to the start of the ne1t range or single cell. 3' ,old down the Ctrl 3ey and clic3 or clic37and7drag to select another range of cells to add to the first range. =' .epeat as necessary.
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " )73
%electing columns and rows

Single colu)n or row
To select a single column( clic3 on the column header %/igure ;B on page 113'. To select a single row( clic3 on the row header.
Multi&le colu)ns or rows

To select multiple columns or rows that are contiguous& 1' Clic3 on the first column or row in the group. 2' ,old down the Shift 3ey. 3' Clic3 the last column or row in the group. To select multiple columns or rows that are not contiguous& 1' Clic3 on the first column or row in the group. 2' ,old down the 3trl 3ey. 3' Clic3 on all of the subse@uent columns or rows while holding down the Ctrl 3ey.
Entire sheet
To select the entire sheet( clic3 on the small bo1 between the column headers and the row headers %/igure 100'( or use the 3ey combination 3trl4? to select the entire sheet( or go to 4dit on the main menu bar and select %elect All.
(igure )!!. Select ?ll bo0
%electing sheets
You can select either one or multiple sheets in Calc. Ft can be ad)antageous to select multiple sheets( especially when you want to ma3e changes to many sheets at once.
Single sheet
Clic3 on the sheet tab for the sheet you want to select. The tab for the selected sheet becomes white %default Calc setup'.
Multi&le contiguous sheets

To select multiple contiguous sheets& 1' Clic3 on the sheet tab for the first desired sheet. 2' 0o)e the mouse pointer o)er the sheet tab for the last desired sheet. 3' ,old down the Shift 3ey and clic3 on the sheet tab. =' *ll tabs between these two selections will turn white %default Calc setup'. *ny actions that you perform will now affect all highlighted sheets.
Multi&le non(contiguous sheets

To select multiple non7contiguous sheets& 1' Clic3 on the sheet tab for the first desired sheet. 2' 0o)e the mouse pointer o)er the sheet tab for the second desired sheet. 3' ,old down the 3trl 3ey and clic3 on the sheet tab. =' .epeat as necessary. A' The selected tabs will turn white %default Calc setup'. *ny actions that you perform will now affect all highlighted sheets.
-ll sheets
.ight7clic3 a sheet tab and choose %elect All %heets from the conte1t menu.
,orking with columns and rows

nserting columns and rows
-hen you insert a column( it is inserted to the left of the highlighted column. -hen you insert a row( it is inserted above the highlighted row. -hen you insert columns or rows( the cells ta3e the formatting of the corresponding cells in the ne1t column to left or the row abo)e.
>ote

"sing the nsert menu& 1' 5elect a cell( column( or row where you want the new column or row inserted. 2' o to nsert on the main menu bar and select either nsert < Columns or nsert < Lows. "sing the mouse& 1' 5elect a column or row where you want the new column or row inserted. 2' .ight7clic3 the column or row header. 3' 5elect nsert Columns or nsert Lows from the conte1t menu.

0ultiple columns or rows can be inserted at once rather than inserting them one at a time. 1' ,ighlight the re@uired number of columns or rows by holding down the left mouse button on the first one and then dragging across the re@uired number of identifiers. 2' #roceed as for inserting a single column or row abo)e.
/eleting columns and rows

To delete a single column or row& 1' 5elect a cell in the column or row you want to delete(. 2' o to 4dit on the main menu bar and select /elete Cells or right clic3 and select /elete from the conte1t menu.
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " )7#
3' 5elect the option you re@uire from the /elete Cells dialog %/igure 101'.
(igure )!): Delete 3ells dialog *lternati)ely& 1' Clic3 in the column or header to select the column or row. 2' o to 4dit on the main menu bar and select /elete Cells or right clic3 and select /elete Columns or /elete Lows from the conte1t menu.

To delete multiple columns or rows& 1' 5elect the columns or rows( see K0ultiple columns or rowsL on page 12= for more information. 2' o to 4dit on the main menu bar and select /elete Cells or right clic3 and select /elete Columns or /elete Lows from the conte1t menu.
,orking with sheets

nserting new sheets
Clic3 on the Add %heet icon . This inserts a new sheet after the last sheet in the spreadsheet without opening the nsert %heet dialog. The following methods open the nsert %heet dialog %/igure 102' where you can position the new sheet( create more than one sheet( name the new sheet( or select a sheet from a file.
(igure )!7: -nsert Sheet dialog

)7$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
5elect the sheet where you want to insert a new sheet( then go to nsert < %heet on the
main menu bar.
.ight7clic3 on the sheet tab where you want to insert a new sheet and select nsert %heet
from the conte1t menu.
Clic3 in the empty space at the end of the sheet tabs. .ight7clic3 in the empty space at the end of the sheet tabs and select nsert %heet from
the conte1t menu.
1oving and copying sheets

You can mo)e or copy sheets within the same spreadsheet by dragging and dropping or using the 1oveDCopy %heet dialog. To mo)e or copy a sheet into a different spreadsheetS you ha)e to use the 1oveDCopy %heet dialog.
#ragging and dro&&ing

To mo)e a sheet to a different position within the same spreadsheet( clic3 on the sheet tab and drag it to its new position before releasing the mouse button. To cop/ a sheet within the same spreadsheet( hold down the 3trl 3ey %Option 3ey on 0ac' then clic3 on the sheet tab and drag it to its new position before releasing the mouse button. The mouse pointer may change to include a plus sign depending on the setup of your operating system.
sing a dialog
The 1oveDCopy %heet dialog %/igure 103' allows you to specify e1actly whether you want the sheet in the same or a different spreadsheet( its position within the spreadsheet( the sheet name when you mo)e or copy the sheet.
(igure )!3: ;ove/3op/ Sheet dialog
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " )7%
1' Fn the current document( right7clic3 on the sheet tab you wish to mo)e or copy and select 1oveDCopy %heet from the conte1t menu or go to 4dit < %heet < 1oveDCopy on the main menu bar. 2' 5elect 1ove to mo)e the sheet or Copy to copy the sheet. 3' 5elect the spreadsheet where you want the sheet to be placed from the drop7down list in )o document. This can be the same spreadsheet( another spreadsheet already open( or you can create a new spreadsheet. =' 5elect the position in nsert before where you want to place the sheet. A' Type a name in the >ew name te1t bo1 if you want to rename the sheet when it is mo)ed or copied. Ff you do not enter a name( Calc creates a default name %5heet 1( 5heet 2( and so on'. E' Clic3 "8 to confirm the mo)e or copy and close the dialog.
Caution
-hen you mo)e or copy to another spreadsheet or a new spreadsheet( a conflict may occur with formulae lin3ed to other sheets in the pre)ious location.
/eleting sheets
To delete a single sheet( right7clic3 on the sheet tab you want to delete and select /elete %heet from the conte1t menu( or go to 4dit < %heet < /elete from on the main menu bar. Clic3 Ces to confirm the deletion. To delete multiple sheets( select the sheets %see K5electing sheetsL on page 12='( then right7clic3 one of the sheet tabs and select /elete %heet from the conte1t menu( or go to 4dit < %heet < /elete from on the main menu bar. Clic3 Ces to confirm the deletion.
Lenaming sheets
6y default( the name for each new sheet added is SheetJ( where J is the number of the ne1t sheet to be added. -hile this wor3s for a small spreadsheet with only a few sheets( it can become difficult to identify sheets when a spreadsheet contains many sheets.. You can rename a sheet using one of the following methods&
Cnter the name in the >ame te1t bo1 when you create the sheet using the Fnsert 5heet
dialog %/igure 102 on page 12E'.
.ight7clic3 on a sheet tab and select Lename %heet from the conte1t menu to replace the
e1isting name with a different one.
2ouble7clic3 on a sheet tab to open the Lename %heet dialog.

5heet names must start with either a letter or a numberS other characters including spaces are not allowed. *part from the first character of the sheet name( permitted characters are letters( numbers( spaces( and the underscore character. *ttempting to rename a sheet with an in)alid name will produce an error message.
>ote
)7& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
=iewing Calc
Changing document view
"se the 4oom function to show more or fewer cells in the window when you are wor3ing on a spreadsheet. /or more about 4oom( see 3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice in this guide.
Free7ing rows and columns

/ree4ing loc3s a number of rows at the top of a spreadsheet or a number of columns on the left of a spreadsheet or both rows and columns. Then( when mo)ing around within a sheet( the cells in fro4en rows and columns always remain in )iew. /igure 10= shows some fro4en rows and columns. The hea)ier hori4ontal line between rows 3 and 23 and the hea)ier )ertical line between columns / and J indicate that rows 1 to 3 and columns * to / are fro4en. The rows between 3 and 23 and the columns between / and J ha)e been scrolled off the page.
(igure )! . (ro.en rows and columns
*ree,ing rows or colu)ns

1' Clic3 on the row header below the rows you want the free4e or clic3 on the column header to the right of the columns where you want the free4e. 2' o to ,indow on the main menu bar and select Free7e. * hea)ier line appears between the rows or columns indicating where the free4e has been placed.
*ree,ing rows and colu)ns

1' Clic3 into the cell that is immediately below the rows you want fro4en and immediately to the right of the columns you want fro4en. 2' o to ,indow on the main menu bar and select Free7e. * hea)ier line appears between the rows or columns indicating where the free4e has been placed.
nfree,ing
To unfree4e rows or columns( go to ,indow on the main menu bar and unchec3 Free7e. The hea)ier lines indicating free4ing will disappear.
%plitting the screen

*nother way to change the )iew is by splitting the screen your spreadsheet is displayed in %also 3nown as splitting the window'. The screen can be split hori4ontally( )ertically( or both( gi)ing you up to four portions of the spreadsheet in )iew at any one time. *n e1ample of splitting the screen is shown in /igure 10A where a split is indicated by a blac3 line. -hy would you want to do this> /or e1ample( a large spreadsheet in which one cell has a number in it that is used by three formulas in other cells. "sing the split7screen techni@ue( you can position the cell containing the number in one section and each of the cells with formulas in the other sections. This allows you to change the number in one cell and watch how it affects each of the formulas.
S&litting hori,ontall' or verticall'

1' Clic3 on the row header below the rows where you want to split the screen hori4ontally or clic3 on the column header to the right of the columns where you want to split the screen )ertically. 2' o to ,indow on the main menu bar and select %plit. * hea)y blac3 line appears between the rows or columns indicating where the split has been placed. *lternati)ely for a hori4ontal split( clic3 on the thic3 blac3 line at the top of the )ertical scroll bar %/igure 10E' and drag the split line below the row where you want the hori4ontal split positioned. *lternati)ely for a )ertical split( clic3 on the thic3 blac3 line at the right of the hori4ontal scroll bar %/igure 10E' and drag the split line to the right of the column where you want the )ertical split positioned.
(igure )!#. Split screen e0ample
(igure )!$. Split screen bars
S&litting hori,ontall' and verticall'

1' Clic3 into the cell that is immediately below the rows where you want to split the screen hori4ontally and immediately to the right of the columns where you want to split the screen )ertically. 2' o to ,indow on the main menu bar and select %plit. * hea)y blac3 line appears between the rows or columns indicating where the split has been placed.
$e)oving s&lit views

To remo)e a split )iew( do any of the following&
2ouble7clic3 on each split line. Clic3 on and drag the split lines bac3 to their places at the ends of the scroll bars. o to ,indow on the main menu bar and unchec3 %plit.
(sing the keyboard

0ost data entry in Calc can be accomplished using the 3eyboard.
>umbers
Clic3 in the cell and type in a number using the number 3eys on either the main 3eyboard or numeric 3eypad. 6y default( numbers are right aligned in a cell.
Minus nu)bers
To enter a negati)e number( either type a minus %' sign in front of the number or enclose the number in parentheses %'( for e1ample %123='. The result for both methods of entry will be the same( for e1ample 7123=.
Leading ,eroes
To retain a minimum number of characters in a cell when entering numbers and retain the number format( for e1ample 123= and 0012( leading 4eroes ha)e to be added as follows& 1' -ith the cell selected( right clic3 on the cell select Format Cells from the conte1t menu or go to Format < Cells on the main menu bar or use the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4) to open the Format Cells dialog %/igure 10D'. 2' 0a3e sure the >umbers page is selected then select >umber in the 3ategor/ list. 3' Fn Options , Leading @eros( enter the minimum number of characters re@uired. /or e1ample( for four characters( enter =. *ny number less than four characters will ha)e leading 4eroes added( for e1ample 12 becomes 0012. =' Clic3 "8. The number entered retains its number format and any formula used in the spreadsheet will treat the entry as a number in formula functions.
(igure )!%: (ormat 3ells dialog B >umbers page Ff a number is entered with leading 4eroes( for e1ample 01=;1( by default Calc will automatically drop the leading 0. To preser)e leading 4eroes in a number& 1' Type an apostrophe %?' before the number( for e1ample ?01=;1. 2' 0o)e the cell focus to another cell. The apostrophe is automatically remo)ed( the leading 4eroes are retained and the number is con)erted to te1t left aligned.
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " )3)
2u)bers as text
!umbers can also be con)erted to te1t as follows& 1' -ith the cell selected( right clic3 on the cell select Format Cells from the conte1t menu or go to Format < Cells on the main menu bar or use the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4) to open the Format Cells dialog %/igure 10D'. 2' 0a3e sure the >umbers page is selected( then select *e0t from the 3ategor/ list. 3' Clic3 "8 and the number is con)erted to te1t and( by default( left aligned.
*ny numbers that ha)e been formatted as te1t in a spreadsheet will be treated as a 4ero by any formulas used in the spreadsheet. /ormula functions will ignore te1t entries.
>ote
)e5t
Clic3 in the cell and type the te1t. 6y default( te1t is left7aligned in a cell.
/ate and time

5elect the cell and type the date or time. You can separate the date elements with a slash %/' or a hyphen %' or use te1t( for e1ample 10 <ct 2012. The date format automatically changes to the selected format used by Calc. -hen entering a time( separate time elements with colons( for e1ample 10&=3&=A. The time format automatically changes to the selected format used by Calc. To change the date or time format used by Calc& 1' -ith the cell selected( right clic3 on the cell select Format Cells from the conte1t menu or go to Format < Cells on the main menu bar or use the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4) to open the Format Cells dialog %/igure 10D'. 2' 0a3e sure the >umbers page is selected( then select Date or *ime from the 3ategor/ list. 3' 5elect the date or time format you want to use from the (ormat list. =' Clic3 "8.
Autocorrection options
Calc automatically applies many changes during data input using autocorrection( unless you ha)e deacti)ated any autocorrect changes. You can also undo any autocorrection changes by using the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4@ or manually by going bac3 to the change and replacing the autocorrection with what you want to actually see. To change the autocorrect options( go to )ools < AutoCorrect "ptions on the main menu bar to open the AutoCorrect dialog %/igure 10;'.
$e&lace
Cdits the replacement table for automatically correcting or replacing words or abbre)iations in your document.
Exce&tions
5pecify the abbre)iations or letter combinations that you do not want $ibre<ffice to correct automatically.
(igure )!&: ?uto3orrect dialog
O&tions
5elect the options for automatically correcting errors as you type and then clic3 "8.
Locali,ed o&tions
5pecify the *utoCorrect options for @uotation mar3s and for options that are specific to the language of the te1t.
$eset
.esets modified )alues bac3 to the $ibre<ffice default )alues.
#eactivating auto)atic changes

5ome *utoCorrect settings are applied when you press the spacebar after you enter data. To turn off or on Calc *utoCorrect( go to )ools < Cell Contents on the main menu bar and deselect or select Auto nput.
%peeding up data entry

Cntering data into a spreadsheet can be )ery labor7intensi)e( but Calc pro)ides se)eral tools for remo)ing some of the drudgery from input. The most basic ability is to drop and drag the contents of one cell to another with a mouse. 0any people also find *utoFnput helpful. Calc also includes se)eral other tools for automating input( especially of repetiti)e material. They include the fill tool( selection lists( and the ability to input information into multiple sheets of the same document.
(sing the Fill tool

The Calc /ill tool is used to duplicate e1isting content or create a series in a range of cells in your spreadsheet %/igure 10B'. 1' 5elect the cell containing the contents you want to copy or start the series from. 2' 2rag the mouse in any direction or hold down the Shift 3ey and clic3 in the last cell you want to fill. 3' o to 4dit < Fill on the main menu bar and select the direction in which you want to copy or create data %(p( /own( !eft or Light' or %eries from the conte1t menu. *lternati)ely( you can use a shortcut to fill cells. 1' 5elect the cell containing the contents you want to copy or start the series from. 2' 0o)e the cursor o)er the small s@uare in the bottom right corner of the selected cell. The cursor will change shape. 3' Clic3 and drag in the direction you want the cells to be filled. Ff the original cell contained te1t( then the te1t will automatically be copied. Ff the original cell contained a number( a series will be created.
(igure )!8: +sing the (ill tool
(igure ))!: (ill Series dialog
sing a fill series

-hen you select a series fill from 4dit < Fill < %eries( the Fill %eries dialog %/igure 110' opens allowing you to select the type of series you want.
/irection determines the direction of series creation. Down creates a downward series in the selected cell range for the column using the
defined increment to the end )alue.
1ight creates a series running from left to right within the selected cell range using the defined increment to the end )alue. +p creates an upward series in the cell range of the column using the defined increment to the end )alue. Left creates a series running from right to left in the selected cell range using the defined increment to the end )alue.
%eries )ype defines the series type. Linear creates a linear number series using the defined increment and end )alue. Growth creates a growth series using the defined increment and end )alue. Date creates a date series using the defined increment and end date. ?uto(ill forms a series directly in the sheet. The *uto/ill function ta3es account of
customi4ed lists. /or e1ample( by entering +anuary in the first cell( the series is completed using the list defined in !ibre"ffice < )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice Calc < %ort !ists. *uto/ill tries to complete a )alue series by using a defined pattern. /or e1ample( a numerical series using 1(3(A is automatically completed with D(B(11(13S a date and time series using 01.01.BB and 1A.01.BB( an inter)al of fourteen days is used.
(nit of )ime in this area you specify the desired unit of time. This area is only acti)e if
the 2ate option has been chosen in the 5eries type area.
Da/ use the 2ate series type and this option to create a series using se)en days. :ee2da/ use the 2ate series type and this option to create a series of fi)e day sets. ;onth use the 2ate series type and this option to form a series from the names or abbre)iations of the months. Aear use the 2ate series type and this option to create a series of years.
%tart =alue determines the start )alue for the series. "se numbers( dates or times. 4nd =alue determines the end )alue for the series. "se numbers( dates or times. ncrement determines the )alue by which the series of the selected type increases by
each step. Cntries can only be made if the linear( growth or date series types ha)e been selected.
(igure ))): Sort Lists dialog
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " )3#
#efining a fill series

To define your own fill series& 1' o to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice Calc < %ort !ists to open the %ort !ists dialog %/igure 111'. This dialog shows the pre)iously7defined series in the Lists bo1 on the left and the contents of the highlighted list in the <ntries bo1. 2' Clic3 >ew and the <ntries bo1 is cleared. 3' Type the series for the new list in the <ntries bo1 %one entry per line'. =' Clic3 Add and the new list will now appear in the Lists bo1. A' Clic3 "8 to sa)e the new list.
(sing selection lists

5election lists are a)ailable only for te1t and are limited to using only te1t that has already been entered in the same column. 1' 5elect a blan3 cell in a column that contains cells with te1t entries. 2' .ight clic3 and select %election !ists from the conte1t menu. * drop7down list appears listing any cell in the same column that either has at least one te1t character or whose format is defined as te1t. 3' Clic3 on the te1t entry you re@uire and it is entered into the selected cell.
%haring content between sheets

You might want to enter the same information in the same cell on multiple sheets( for e1ample to set up standard listings for a group of indi)iduals or organi4ations. Fnstead of entering the list on each sheet indi)idually( you can enter the information in se)eral sheets at the same time.
(igure ))7: Select Sheets dialog 1' o to 4dit < %heet < %elect on the main menu bar to open the %elect %heets dialog %/igure 112'. 2' 5elect the indi)idual sheets where you want the information to be repeated. 3' Clic3 "8 to select the sheets and the sheet tabs will change color. =' Cnter the information in the cells on the sheet where you want the information to first appear and the information will repeated in the selected sheets.
Caution
This techni@ue automatically o)erwrites( without any warning( any information that is already in the cells on the selected sheets. 0a3e sure you deselect the additional sheets when you are finished entering information that is going to be repeated before continuing entering data into your spreadsheet.
=alidating cell contents

-hen creating spreadsheets for other people to use( )alidating cell contents ma3es sure they enter data that is )alid or appropriate for the cell. You can also use )alidation in your own wor3 as a guide to entering data that is either comple1 or rarely used. /ill series and selection lists can handle some types of data( but are limited to predefined information. To )alidate new data entered by a user( select a cell and go to /ata < =alidity on the main menu bar to define the type of contents that can be entered in that cell. /or e1ample( a cell may re@uire a date or a whole number with no alphabetic characters or decimal points( or a cell may not be left empty. 2epending on how )alidation is set up( )alidation can also define the range of contents that can be entered( pro)ide help messages e1plaining the content rules set up for the cell and what users should do when they enter in)alid content. You can also set the cell to refuse in)alid content( accept it with a warning( or start a macro when an error is entered. 5ee the 3alc Guide 3hapter 7 <nteringF <diting and (ormatting Data for more information on )alidating cell contents.
4diting data
/eleting data
#eleting data onl'
2ata can be deleted from a cell without deleting any of the cell formatting. Clic3 in the cell to select it and then press the Delete 3ey.
#eleting data and for)atting

2ata and cell formatting can be deleted from a cell at the same time. 1' Clic3 in the cell to select it. 2' #ress the =ac2space 3ey( or right7clic3 in the cell and select /elete Contents from the conte1t menu( or go to 4dit < /elete Contents' on the main menu bar to open the /elete Contents dialog %/igure 113'. This dialog allows you to delete the different aspects of the data in the cell or to delete e)erything in the cell.
(igure ))3: Delete 3ontents dialog
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " )3%
Leplacing data
To completely replace data in a cell and insert new data( select the cell and type in the new data. The new data will replace the data already contained in the cell and will retain the original formatting used in the cell. *lternati)ely( clic3 in the Fnput $ine on the /ormula 6ar %/igure B0 on page 11=' then double clic3 on the data to highlight it completely and type the new data.
4diting data
5ometimes it is necessary to edit the contents of cell without remo)ing all of the data from the cell. /or e1ample( changing the phrase K5ales in Jtr. 2L to K5ales rose in JtrL can be done as follows.
sing the "e'board

1' Clic3 in the cell to select it. 2' #ress the (7 3ey and the cursor is placed at the end of the cell. 3' "se the 3eyboard arrow 3eys to reposition the cursor where you want to start entering the new data in the cell. =' -hen you ha)e finished( press the <nter 3ey and your editing changes are sa)ed.
sing the )ouse

1' 2ouble7clic3 on the cell to select it and place the cursor in the cell for editing. 2' .eposition the cursor to where you want to start entering the new data in the cell. *lternati)ely& 1' 5ingle7clic3 to select the cell. 2' 0o)e the cursor to the Fnput $ine on the /ormula 6ar %/igure B0 on page 11=' and clic3 at the position where you want to start entering the new data in the cell. -hen you ha)e finished( clic3 away from the cell to deselect it and your editing changes are sa)ed.
Formatting data
>ote
*ll the settings discussed in this section can also be set as a part of the cell style. 5ee the 3alc Guide 3hapter +sing St/les and *emplates in 3alc for more information.
1ultiple lines of te5t

0ultiple lines of te1t can be entered into a single cell using automatic wrapping or manual line brea3s. Cach method is useful for different situations.
-uto)atic wra&&ing
To automatically wrap multiple lines of te1t in a cell& 1' .ight7clic3 on the cell and select Format Cells from the conte1t menu( or go to Format < Cells on the main menu bar( or press 3trl4) to open the /ormat Cells dialog. 2' Clic3 on the ?lignment tab %/igure 11='. 3' "nder Properties( select :rap te0t automaticall/ and clic3 "8.
(igure )) : (ormat 3ells dialog B ?lignment page
Manual line brea"s

To insert a manual line brea3 while typing in a cell( press 3trl4<nter. This method does not wor3 with the cursor in the input line. -hen editing te1t( double7clic3 the cell( then reposition the cursor to where you want the line brea3. -hen a manual line brea3 is entered( the cell width does not change and your te1t may still o)erlap the end of the cell. You ha)e to change the cell width manually or reposition your line brea3 so that your te1t does not o)erlap the end of the cell.
%hrinking te5t to fit the cell

The font si4e of the data in a cell can automatically adIust to fit inside cell borders. To do this( select the Shrin2 to fit cell si.e option under Properties in the /ormat Cells dialog %/igure 11='.
Formatting numbers
5e)eral different number formats can be applied to cells by using icons on the /ormatting toolbar %highlighted in /igure 11A'. 5elect the cell( then clic3 the rele)ant icon to change the number format.
(igure ))#: >umber icons on (ormatting toolbar /or more control or to select other number formats( use the >umbers page of the /ormat Cells dialog %/igure 10D on page 131'&
*pply any of the data types in the Category list to the data. Control the number of decimal places and leading 4eros in "ptions.
Cnter a custom format code. The !anguage setting controls the local settings for the different formats such as the date
format and currency symbol.
Formatting font
To @uic3ly select a font and format it for use in a cell& 1' 5elect the cell. 2' Clic3 the small triangle on the right of the /ont !ame bo1 on the /ormatting toolbar %highlighted in /igure 11E' and select a font from the drop7down list. 3' Clic3 on the small triangle on the right of the /ont 5i4e on the /ormatting toolbar and select a font si4e from the drop down list.
(igure ))$: (ont >ame and Si.e on (ormatting toolbar =' To change the character format( clic3 on the 0old( -talic( or "nderline icons. A' To change the paragraph alignment of the font( clic3 on one of the four alignment icons %$eft( Center( .ight( +ustified' . E' To change the font color( clic3 the arrow ne1t to the /ont Color icon palette( then select the desired color. to display the color
To specify the language used in the cell( open the (ont page on the /ormat Cells dialog. Changing language in a cell allows different languages to e1ist within the same document. "se the (ont <ffects tab on the /ormat Cells dialog to set other font characteristics. 5ee the 3alc Guide 3hapter +sing St/les and *emplates in 3alc for more information.
Formatting cell borders

To format the borders of a cell or a group of selected cells( clic3 on the 6orders icon /ormatting toolbar( and select one of the border options displayed in the palette. $ine 5tyle and $ine Color %6order Color' palette or a border color palette is displayed. on the
To format the line style and line color for the borders of a cell( clic3 the small arrows ne1t to the icons on the /ormatting toolbar. * line style
/or more control( including the spacing between cell borders and any data in the cell( use the =orders page of the /ormat Cells dialog %/igure 10D on page 131'( where you can also define a shadow style. 5ee the 3alc Guide 3hapter +sing St/les and *emplates in 3alc for more information.
Cell border properties apply only to the selected cells and can be changed only if you are editing those cells. /or e1ample( if cell C3 has a top border( that border can be remo)ed only by selecting C3. Ft cannot be remo)ed in C2 although it appears to be the bottom border for cell C2.
>ote
Formatting cell background

To format the bac3ground color for a cell or a group of cells( clic3 the small arrow ne1t to the 6ac3ground Color icon on the /ormatting toolbar. * color palette( similar to the /ont Color
) ! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
palette( is displayed. You can also use the =ac2ground tab of the /ormat Cells dialog %/igure 10D on page 131'. 5ee the 3alc Guide 3hapter +sing St/les and *emplates in 3alc for more information.
AutoFormat of cells
(sing AutoFormat
You can use CalcGs *uto/ormat feature to format a group of cells @uic3ly and easily. 1' 5elect the cells in at least three columns and rows( including column and row headers( that you want to format. 2' o to Format < AutoFormat on the main menu bar to open the AutoFormat dialog %/igure 11D'. 3' 5elect the type of format and format color from the list. =' Ff necessary( clic3 1ore to open Formatting if /ormatting is not )isible. A' 5elect the formatting properties to be included in the *uto/ormat function. E' Clic3 "8.
(igure ))%: ?uto(ormat dialog
/efining a new AutoFormat

You can define a new *uto/ormat so that it becomes a)ailable for use in all spreadsheets. 1' /ormat the data type( font( font si4e( cell borders( cell bac3ground and so on for a group of cells. 2' o to 4dit < %elect All on the main menu bar to select the whole spreadsheet. 3' o to Format < AutoFormat to open the *uto/ormat dialog and the Add button is now acti)e. =' Clic3 Add. A' Fn the >ame bo1 of the *dd *uto/ormat dialog that opens( type a meaningful name for the new format. E' Clic3 "8 to sa)e. The new *uto/ormat is now a)ailable in the (ormat list in the *uto/ormat dialog.
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " ) )
(sing themes
Calc comes with a predefined set of formatting themes that you can apply to spreadsheets. Ft is not possible to add themes to Calc and they cannot be modified. ,owe)er( you can modify their styles after you apply them to a spreadsheet and the modified styles are only a)ailable for use for that spreadsheet when you sa)e the spreadsheet. To apply a theme to a spreadsheet& 1' Clic3 the Choose )hemes icon in the )ools toolbar. Ff this toolbar is not )isible( go to =iew < )oolbars on the main menu bar and select )ools and the )heme %election dialog %/igure 11;' opens. This dialog lists the a)ailable themes for the whole spreadsheet. 2' 5elect the theme that you want to apply. *s soon as you select a theme( the theme styles are applied to the spreadsheet and are immediately )isible. 3' Clic3 "8. =' Ff you wish( you can now open the 5tyles and /ormatting window to modify specific styles. These modifications do not modify the themeS they only change the appearance of the style in the specific spreadsheet you are creating.
(igure ))&: *heme Selection dialog
(sing conditional formatting

You can set up cell formats to change depending on conditions that you specify. /or e1ample( in a table of numbers( you can show all the )alues abo)e the a)erage in green and all those below the a)erage in red. Conditional formatting depends upon the use of styles and the *utoCalculate feature must be enabled. o to )ools < Cell Contents < AutoCalculate on the main menu bar to enable this feature. 5ee the 3alc Guide 3hapter 7 <nteringF <ditingF and (ormatting Data for more information.
) 7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
;iding and showing data

Fn Calc you can hide elements so that they are neither )isible on a computer display nor printed when a spreadsheet is printed. ,owe)er( hidden elements can still be selected for copying if you select the elements around them. /or e1ample( if column 6 is hidden( it is copied when you select columns * and C. /or more information on how to hide and show data( including how to use outline groups and filtering( see the 3alc Guide 3hapter 7 <nteringF <ditingF and (ormatting Data.
;iding data
To hide sheets( rows( and columns& 1' 5elect the sheet( row or column you want to hide. 2' o to Format on the main menu bar and select %heet( Low or Column. 3' 5elect ;ide from the menu and the sheet( row or column can no longer )iewed or printed. =' *lternati)ely( right7clic3 on the sheet tab( row header or column header and select ;ide from the conte1t menu. To hide and protect data in selected cells& 1' o to )ools < Protect /ocument and select %heet from the menu options. The Protect %heet dialog dialog will open %/igure 11B'. 2' 5elect 'rotect this sheet and the contents of protected cells. 3' Create a password and then confirm the password. =' 5elect or deselect the user selection options for cells. A' Clic3 "8. E' 5elect the cells you want to hide. D' o to Format < Cells on the main menu bar( or right7clic3 and select Format Cells from the conte1t menu( or use the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4) to open the Format Cells dialog. ;' Clic3 the 3ell 'rotection tab %/igure 120' and select an option to hide the cells. B' Clic3 "8.
-hen data in cells are hidden( it is only the data contained in the cells that is hidden and the protected cells cannot be modified. The blan3 cells remain )isible in the spreadsheet.
>ote
(igure ))8: 'rotect Sheet dialog
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " ) 3
(igure )7!: 3ell 'rotection page in (ormat 3ells dialog
%howing data
To show hidden sheets( rows( and columns& 1' 5elect the sheets( rows or columns each side of the hidden sheet( row or column. 2' o to Format on the main menu bar and select %heet( Low or Column. 3' 5elect %how from the menu and the sheet( row or column will be displayed and can be printed. =' *lternati)ely( right7clic3 on the sheet tabs( row headers or column headers and select %how from the conte1t menu. To show hidden data in cells& 1' o to )ools < Protect /ocument and select %heet from the menu options. 2' Cnter the password to unprotect the sheet and clic3 "8. 3' o to Format < Cells on the main menu bar( or right7clic3 and select Format Cells from the conte1t menu( or use the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4) to open the Format Cells dialog. =' Clic3 the 3ell 'rotection tab %/igure 120' and deselect the hide options for the cells. A' Clic3 "8.
%orting records
5orting within Calc arranges the cells in a sheet using the sort criteria that you specify. 5e)eral criteria can be used and a sort applies each criteria consecuti)ely. 5orts are useful when you are searching for a particular item and become e)en more useful after you ha)e filtered data. *lso( sorting is useful when you add new information to your spreadsheet. -hen a spreadsheet is long( it is usually easier to add new information at the bottom of the sheet( rather than adding rows in their correct place. *fter you ha)e added information( you then carry out a sort to update the spreadsheet. /or more information on how to sort records and the sorting options a)ailable( see the 3alc Guide 3hapter 7 <nteringF <ditingF and (ormatting Data.
(igure )7): Sort 3riteria dialog To sort cells in your spreadsheet& 1' 5elect the cells to be sorted. 2' o to /ata < %ort on the main menu bar to open the %ort dialog %/igure 121'. 3' 5elect the sort criteria from the drop down lists. The selected lists are populated from the selected cells. =' 5elect either ascending order %*7Q( 17B' or descending order %Q7*( B71'. A' Clic3 "8 and the sort is carried out on your spreadsheet.
(sing formulas and functions

You may need more than numbers and te1t on your spreadsheet. <ften the contents of one cell depend on the contents of other cells. /ormulas are e@uations that use numbers and )ariables to produce a result. Hariables are placed in cells to hold data re@uired e@uations. * function is a predefined calculation entered in a cell to help you analy4e or manipulate data. *ll you ha)e to do is enter the arguments and the calculation is automatically made for you. /unctions help you create the formulas re@uired to get the results that you are loo3ing for. 5ee the 3alc Guide 3hapter % +sing (ormulas and (unctions for more information.
Analy7ing data
Calc includes se)eral tools to help you analy4e the information in your spreadsheets( ranging from features for copying and reusing data( to creating subtotals automatically( to )arying information to help you find the answers you need. These tools are di)ided between the Tools and 2ata menus. <ne of the most useful of these tools is the #i)otTable( which is used for combining( comparing( and analy4ing large amounts of data easily. "sing the #i)otTable( you can )iew different summaries of the source data( display the details of areas of interest( and create reports( whether you are a beginner( an intermediate or ad)anced user. 5ee the 3alc Guide 3hapter & +sing 'ivot *ables and 3hapter 8 Data ?nal/sis for more information on pi)ot tables and other tools a)ailable in Calc to analy4e your data.
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " ) #
Printing
#rinting from Calc is much the same as printing from other $ibre<ffice components %see 3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <mailing in this guide'. ,owe)er( some details for printing in Calc are different( especially regarding preparation for printing.
Print ranges
#rint ranges ha)e se)eral uses( including printing only a specific part of the data or printing selected rows or columns on e)ery page. /or more information about using print ranges( see the 3alc Guide 3hapter $ 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing.
#efining a &rint range

To define a new print range or modify an e1isting print range& 1' 5elect the range of cells to be included in the print range. 2' o to Format < Print Langes < /efine on the main menu bar. #age brea3 lines are displayed on screen. 3' To chec3 the print range( go to File < Page Preview on the main menu bar or clic3 on the Page Preview icon . $ibre<ffice will display the cells in the print range.
-dding to a &rint range

*fter defining a print range( you can add more cells to it by creating another print range. This allows multiple( separate areas of the same sheet to be printed while not printing the whole sheet. 1' *fter defining a print range( select an e1tra range of cells for adding to the print range. 2' o to Format < Print Langes < Add on the main menu bar to add the e1tra cells to the print range. The page brea3 lines are no longer displayed on the screen. 3' To chec3 the print ranges( go to File < Page Preview on the main menu bar or clic3 on the Page Preview icon . $ibre<ffice will display the print ranges as separate pages.
>ote
The additional print range will print as a separate page( e)en if both ranges are on the same sheet.
$e)oving a &rint range

Ft may become necessary to remo)e a defined print range( for e1ample( if the whole sheet needs to be printed later. To remo)e all the defined print ranges( go to Format < Print Langes < Lemove on the main menu bar. *fter the print ranges ha)e been remo)ed( the default page brea3 lines will appear on the screen.
Editing a &rint range

*t any time( you can directly edit the print range( for e1ample to remo)e or resi4e part of the print range. o to Format < Print Langes < 4dit on the main menu bar to open the 4dit Print Langes dialog where you can define the print range.
) $ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Printing options
To select the printing options of page order( details( and scale to be used when printing a spreadsheet& 1' o to Format < Page on the main menu to open the Page %tyle dialog %'. 2' 5elect the %heet tab and ma3e your selections from the a)ailable options. 3' Clic3 "8. /or more information on printing options( see the 3alc Guide 3hapter $ 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing.
Lepeat printing of rows or columns

Ff a sheet is printed on multiple pages( you can set up certain rows or columns to repeat on each printed page. /or e1ample( if the top two rows of the sheet as well as column * need to be printed on all pages( do the following& 1' o to Format < Print Langes < 4dit. on the main menu bar to open the 4dit Print Langes dialog %/igure 122'. 2' Type the row identifiers in the 1ows to repeat bo1. /or e1ample( to repeat rows 1 and 2( type S1:S$. This automatically changes 1ows to repeat from( 6 none 6 to 6 user defined 6. 3' Type the column identifiers in the 3olumns to repeat bo1. /or e1ample( to repeat column *( type SA. Fn the 3olumns to repeat list( 6 none 6 changes to 6 user defined 6. =' Clic3 "8.
(igure )77: <dit 'rint 1anges dialog /or more information on editing print ranges( see the 3alc Guide 3hapter $ 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing.
Page breaks
-hile defining a print range can be a powerful tool( it may sometimes be necessary to manually adIust the Calc printout manually using a manual or page brea2. * page brea3 helps to ensure that your data prints properly according to your page si4e and page orientation. You can insert a hori4ontal page brea3 abo)e or a )ertical page brea3 to the left of the acti)e cell. /or more information on manual brea3s( see the 3alc Guide 3hapter $ 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing.
.nserting a brea"
To insert a page brea3& 1' !a)igate to the cell where the page brea3 will begin. 2' o to nsert < Page 0reak on the main menu bar.
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " ) %
3' 5elect Low 0reak to create a page brea3 abo)e the selected cell. =' 5elect Column 0reak to create a page brea3 to the left of the selected cell.
#eleting a &age brea"

To remo)e a page brea3& 1' !a)igate to a cell that is ne1t to the brea3 you want to remo)e. 2' o to 4dit < /elete Page 0reak on the main menu bar. 3' 5elect Low 0reak or Column 0reak depending on your need and brea3 is remo)ed.
>ote
0ultiple manual row and column brea3s can e1ist on the same page. -hen you want to remo)e them( you ha)e to remo)e each brea3 indi)idually.
;eaders and footers

,eaders and footers are predefined pieces of te1t that are printed at the top or bottom of a printed page when a spreadsheet is printed. ,eaders and footers are set and defined using the same method. /or more information on setting and defining headers and footers( see the 3alc Guide 3hapter $ 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing. ,eaders and footers are also assigned to a page style. You can define more than one page style for a spreadsheet and assign different page styles to different sheets within a spreadsheet. /or more information on page styles( see the 3alc Guide 3hapter +sing St/les and *emplates.
(igure )73: Ceader dialog
Setting a header or footer

To set a header or footer& 1' !a)igate to the sheet that you want to set the header or footer for. 2' o to Format < Page on the main menu bar to open the Page %tyle dialog %/igure 123'. 3' <n the #age 5tyle dialog( select ;eader or Footer tab. =' 5elect the ;eader on or Footer on option.
) & " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
A' 5elect %ame content leftDright option if you want the same header or footer to appear on all the printed pages. E' 5et the margins( spacing( and height for the header or footer. You can also select AutoFit height bo1 to automatically adIust the height of the header or footer. D' To change the appearance of the header or footer( clic3 on 1ore to open the borders and bac3ground dialog. ;' To set the contents( for e1ample page number( date and so on( that appears in the header or footer( clic3 on 4dit to open the style dialog.
3hapter # Getting Started with 3alc " ) 8
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress

'resentations in LibreOffice
,hat is mpress9
Fmpress is the presentation %slide show' program included in $ibre<ffice. You can create slides that contain many different elements( including te1t( bulleted and numbered lists( tables( charts( and a wide range of graphic obIects such as clipart( drawings and photographs. Fmpress also includes a spelling chec3er( a thesaurus( te1t styles( and bac3ground styles. This chapter includes instructions( screenshots( and hints to guide you through the Fmpress en)ironment while designing your presentations. *lthough more difficult designs are mentioned throughout this chapter( e1planations for creating them are in the -mpress Guide. Ff you ha)e a wor3ing 3nowledge of how to create slide shows( we recommend you use the -mpress Guide for your source of information. To use Fmpress for more than )ery simple slide shows re@uires some 3nowledge of the elements which the slides contain. 5lides containing te1t use styles to determine the appearance of that te1t. Creating drawings in Fmpress is similar to the 2raw program included in $ibre<ffice. /or this reason( we recommend that you also see 3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates( and 3hapter % Getting Started with Draw in this guide. You may also wish to consult the Draw Guide for more details on how to use the drawing tools.
%tarting mpress
You can start Fmpress in se)eral ways&
/rom the $ibre<ffice 5tart Center( if no component is open( clic3 on the #resentation icon. /rom the system menu( the standard menu from which most applications are started. <n
-indows( it is called the 5tart menu. <n nome( it is called the *pplications menu. <n 82C it is identified by the 82C logo. <n 0ac <5 N( it is the *pplications menu. 2etails )ary with your operating systemS see 3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice.
<n -indows( use the #resentation selection in the $ibre<ffice Juic3starter. 5imilar
functions e1ist for 0ac and $inu1S see 3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice.
/rom any open component of $ibre<ffice. Clic3 the triangle to the right of the >ew icon on
the main menu bar and select 'resentation from the drop7down menu or choose File > >ew > Presentation on the main menu bar.
-hen $ibre<ffice was installed on your computer( in most cases a menu entry for each component was added to your system menu. The e1act name and location of these menu entries depend on the operating system and graphical user interface.
>ote
-hen you start Fmpress for the first time( the #resentation -i4ard is shown. ,ere you can choose from the following options&
4mpty presentation gi)es you a blan3 document From template is a presentation designed with a template of your choice "pen e5isting presentation Clic3 Create to open the main Fmpress window.
/or detailed instructions about how to use the #resentation -i4ard( see KCreating a new presentationL on page 1E0. Ff you prefer not to use the #resentation -i4ard in future( you can select /o not show this wi7ard again. You can enable the wi4ard again later in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice mpress < +eneral < >ew document and select the %tart with wi7ard option.
)#7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
1ain mpress window

The main Fmpress window %/igure 12=' has three parts& the Slides pane( :or2space( and *as2s pane. *dditionally( se)eral toolbars can be displayed or hidden during the creation of a presentation.
(igure )7 : ;ain window of -mpressE ovals indicate the Cide/Show mar2ers

You can close the Slides pane or the *as2s pane by clic3ing the J in the upper right corner of the pane or go to =iew > %lide Pane or =iew > )asks Pane on the main menu bar to deselect the pane. To reopen a pane( go to =iew on the main menu bar and select %lide Pane or )asks Pane again. You can also ma1imi4e the -or3space area by clic3ing on the ,ide/5how mar3er in the middle of the )ertical separator line %highlighted in /igure 12='. "sing the ,ide/5how mar3er hides( but does not close( the 5lides or Tas3s panes. To restore the pane( clic3 again on its ,ide/5how mar3er.
)ip
%lides pane
The Slides pane contains thumbnail pictures of the slides in your presentation( in the order they will be shown unless you change the slide show order. Clic3ing a slide in this pane selects it and places it in the :or2space. -hen a slide is in the -or3space( you can ma3e changes any way you li3e.
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )#3
5e)eral additional operations can be performed on one or more slides simultaneously in the 5lides pane&
*dd new slides to the presentation. 0ar3 a slide as hidden so that it will not be shown as part of the presentation. 2elete a slide from the presentation if it is no longer needed. .ename a slide. 2uplicate a slide %copy and paste' or mo)e it to a different position in the presentation %cut and paste'.
Ft is also possible to perform the following operations( although there are more efficient methods than using the 5lides pane&
Change the slide transition following the selected slide or after each slide in a group of
slides.
Change the se@uence of slides in the presentation. Change the slide design. Change slide layout for a group of slides simultaneously.
)asks pane
The *as2s pane has fi)e sections. To e1pand the section you wish to use( clic3 on the title bar of each section. <nly one section at a time can be e1panded. 1aster Pages ,ere you define the page %slide' style for your presentation. Fmpress includes se)eral designs of 0aster #ages %slide masters'. <ne of them 7 2efault 7 is blan3( and the rest ha)e bac3ground and styled te1t.
)ip
#ress ()) to open the 5tyles and /ormatting dialog( where you can modify the styles used in any master page to suit your purpose. This can be done at any time.
!ayout The layouts included in Fmpress are shown here. You can choose the one you want and use it as it is( or you can modify it to meet your own re@uirements. ,owe)er( it is not possible to sa)e custom layouts. )able /esign The standard table styles are pro)ided in this section. You can further modify the appearance of a table with the options to show or hide specific rows and columns( or to apply a banded appearance to the rows and columns. Custom Animation * )ariety of animations can be used to emphasi4e or enhance different elements of each slide. The Custom *nimation section pro)ides an easy way to add( change( or remo)e animations. %lide )ransition The 5lide Transition section pro)ides access to a number of slide transition options. The default is set to >o *ransition( in which the following slide simply replaces the e1isting one. ,owe)er( many additional transitions are a)ailable. You can also specify the transition speed %slow( medium( fast'( choose between an automatic or manual transition( and choose how long the selected slide should be shown %automatic transition only'.
)# " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
,orkspace
The :or2space %normally in the center of the main window' has fi)e tabs& >ormal( "utline( >otes( ;andout( and %lide %orter %/igure 12A'. These fi)e tabs are called Hiew buttons. The -or3space below the Hiew buttons changes depending on the chosen )iew. The wor3space )iews are described in detail on page 1AE.
(igure )7#: :or2space tabs
)oolbars
0any toolbars can be used during slide creationS they can be displayed or hidden by going to =iew > )oolbars on the main menu bar and selecting from the conte1t menu. You can also select the icons that you wish to appear on each toolbar. /or more information( refer to 3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice. 0any of the toolbars in Fmpress are similar to the toolbars in 2raw. .efer to the Draw Guide for details on the functions a)ailable and how to use them.
%tatus bar
The Status bar %/igure 12E'( located at the bottom of the Fmpress window( contains information that you may find useful when wor3ing on a presentation. /or details on the contents and use of these fields( see 3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice in this guide and the -mpress Guide 3hapter ) -ntroducing -mpress.
The si4es are gi)en in the current measurement unit %not to be confused with the ruler units'. This unit is defined in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice mpress < +eneral.
>ote
(igure )7$: Status bar /rom left to right( you will find&
nformation area changes depending on the selection. /or e1ample&

45ample selection Te1t area Charts( spreadsheets raphics 45amples of information shown Te1t Cdit& #aragraph 1( .ow y( Column 4 Cmbedded obIect %<$C' K<bIect!ameL selected 6itmap with transparency selected
Cursor position the position of the cursor or of the top left corner of the selection
measured from the top left corner of the slide( followed by the width and height of the selection or te1t bo1 where the cursor is located.
(nsaved changes a flag indicating that the file needs sa)ing. 2ouble clic3ing on this flag
opens the file sa)e dialog.
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )##
/igital signature a flag indicating whether the document is digitally signed. *fter the file
has been sa)ed( double clic3ing on this flag opens the digital signatures dialog.
%lide number the slide number currently displayed in the -or3space and the total
number of slides in the presentation.
Page AslideB style the style associated with the slide( handout( or notes page currently in
the -or3space. 2ouble clic3ing on the style name opens the slide design dialog.
Hoom slider adIusts the 4oom percentage of the -or3space displayed. Hoom percentage indicates the 4oom percentage of the -or3space displayed. 2ouble
clic3ing on 4oom percentage opens the 4oom and layout dialog.
You can hide the 5tatus 6ar and its information by going to =iew on the main menu bar
and deselecting %tatus 0ar.
,orkspace views
Cach of the wor3space )iews is designed to ease the completion of certain tas3sS it is therefore useful to familiari4e yourself with them in order to @uic3ly accomplish those tas3s.
>ote
Cach -or3space )iew displays a different set of toolbars when selected. These toolbar sets can be customi4ed by going to =iew < )oolbars on the main menu bar( then chec3 or unchec3 the toolbar you want to add or remo)e.
>ormal view
>ormal view is the main )iew for wor3ing with indi)idual slides. "se this )iew to format and design and to add te1t( graphics( and animation effects. To place a slide in the slide design area %!ormal )iew' %/igure 12= on page 1A3'( clic3 the slide thumbnail in the 5lides pane or double7clic3 it in the !a)igator %see 3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice and the -mpress Guide for more information on the !a)igator'.
"utline view
Outline view %/igure 12D' contains all the slides of the presentation in their numbered se@uence. Ft shows topic titles( bulleted lists( and numbered lists for each slide in outline format. <nly the te1t contained in the default te1t bo1es in each slide is shown( so if your slide includes other te1t bo1es or drawing obIects( the te1t in these obIects is not displayed. 5lide names are also not included.
(igure )7%: Outline view
)#$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure )7&: Outline level and movement arrows in *e0t (ormatting toolbar "se <utline )iew for the following purposes. 1' 0a3ing changes in the te1t of a slide& a' *dd and delete the te1t in a slide Iust as in the !ormal )iew. b' 0o)e the paragraphs of te1t in the selected slide up or down by using the up and down arrow buttons %0o)e "p or 0o)e 2own' on the Te1t /ormatting toolbar %highlighted in /igure 12;'. c' Change the outline le)el for any of the paragraphs in a slide using the left and right arrow buttons %#romote or 2emote' on the Te1t /ormatting toolbar. d' 6oth mo)e a paragraph and change its outline le)el using a combination of these four arrow buttons. 2' Compare slides with your outline %if you ha)e prepared one in ad)ance'. Ff you notice from your outline that another slide is needed( you can create it directly in the <utline )iew or you can return to the !ormal )iew to create it.
>otes view
"se the >otes view %/igure 12B' to add notes to a slide. These notes are not seen when the presentation is shown.
(igure )78: >otes view 1' 2' 3' =' Clic3 the >otes tab in the -or3space. 5elect the slide to which you want to add notes. Clic3 the slide in the 5lides pane( or double7clic3 the slide name in the !a)igator. Fn the te1t bo1 below the slide( clic3 on the words 3lic2 to add notes and begin typing.
You can resi4e the !otes te1t bo1 using the colored resi4ing handles which appear when you clic3 on the edge of the bo1. You can also mo)e the bo1 by placing the pointer on the border( then clic3ing and dragging. To ma3e changes in the te1t style( press the ()) 3ey to open the 5tyles and /ormatting dialog.
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )#%
;andout view
Candout view is for setting up the layout of your slide for a printed handout. Clic3 the Candout tab in the wor3space( then choose !ayouts in the Tas3s pane %/igure 130' where you can then choose to print 1( 2( 3( =( E( or B slides per page.
(igure )3!: Candout la/outs "se this )iew also to customi4e the information printed on the handout. .efer to the -mpress Guide 3hapter )! 'rintingF <-mailingF <0portingF and Saving Slide Shows for instructions on printing slides( handouts( and notes. o to nsert > Page >umber or nsert > /ate and )ime on the main menu bar and the ,eader and /ooter dialog opens. Clic3 on the >otes and Candouts tab %/igure 131' and use this page to select the elements you want to appear on each handout page and their contents. 0ore details on how to use this dialog are pro)ided in the -mpress Guide.
(igure )3): Ceader and (ooter dialog B Candouts and >otes page
%lide %orter view

Slide Sorter )iew %/igure 132' contains all of the slide thumbnails. "se this )iew to wor3 with a group of slides or with only one slide.
)#& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure )37: Slide Sorter view
+usto)i,ing Slide Sorter view

To change the number of slides per row& 1' o to =iew < )oolbars and select %lide %orter and %lide =iew to show or hide the 5lide 5orter and 5lide Hiew toolbars %/igure 133'. 2' *dIust the number of slides %up to a ma1imum of 1A'.
(igure )33: Slide Sorter and Slide Diew toolbars
Moving a slide using Slide Sorter

To mo)e a slide in a presentation in the 5lide 5orter& 1' Clic3 the slide and the slide is highlighted %/igure 132'. 2' 2rag and drop it to the location you want.
Selecting and )oving grou&s of slides

To select a group of slides( use one of these methods&
"sing the 3trl 3ey clic3 on the first slide and( while pressing the 3trl 3ey( select the other
desired slides.
"sing the Shift 3ey clic3 on the first slide( and while pressing the Shift 3ey( select the final
slide in the group. This selects all of the other slides between the first and the last slide selected.
"sing the mouse clic3 slightly to one side %left or right' of the first slide to be selected.
,old down the left mouse button and drag the cursor until all of the slides you want selected are highlighted. To mo)e a group of slides& 1' 5elect a group of slides. 2' 2rag and drop the group to their new location.
Wor"ing in Slide Sorter view

You can wor3 with slides in the 5lide 5orter )iew Iust as you can in the 5lide pane. To ma3e changes( right7clic3 a slide and choose any of the following from the conte1t menu&
>ew %lide adds a new slide after the selected slide %see K!ew slideL on page 1E2'.
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )#8
/uplicate %lide creates a duplicate of the selected slide and places the new slide
immediately after the selected slide %see K2uplicate slideL on page 1E3'.
/elete %lide deletes the selected slide. Lename %lide allows you to rename the selected slide. %lide !ayout allows you to change the layout of the selected slide. %lide )ransition allows you to change the transition of the selected slide.
/or one slide( select a slide and add the desired transition. /or more than one slide( select a group of slides and add the desired transition.
;ide %lide any slides that are hidden are not shown in the slide show. Cut remo)es the selected slide and sa)es it to the clipboard. Copy copies the selected slide to the clipboard without remo)ing it. Paste inserts a slide from the clipboard after the selected slide.
Creating a new presentation

This section describes how to start a new presentation using the #resentation -i4ard.
The first thing to do is decide on the purpose of the presentation and plan the presentation. *lthough you can ma3e changes as you go( ha)ing an idea of who the audience will be( the structure( the content( and how the presentation will be deli)ered( will sa)e you a lot of time from the start.
)ip
(igure )3 . 3hoosing the t/pe of presentation -hen you start Fmpress( the #resentation -i4ard appears %/igure 13='. 1' "nder )ype( choose one of the options. These options are co)ered in the -mpress Guide. a' <mpt/ presentation creates a blan3 presentation. b' (rom template uses a template design already created as the basis for a new presentation. The wi4ard changes to show a list of a)ailable templates. Choose the template you want.
)$! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure )3#. Selecting a slide design c' Open e0isting presentation continues wor3 on a pre)iously created presentation. The wi4ard changes to show a list of e1isting presentations. Choose the presentation you want. 2' Clic3 >e5t. /igure 13A shows the #resentation -i4ard step 2 as it appears if you selected <mpt/ 'resentation at step 1. Ff you selected (rom template( an e1ample slide is shown in the #re)iew bo1. 3' Choose a design under %elect a slide design. The slide design section gi)es you two main choices& 'resentation =ac2grounds and 'resentations. Cach one has a list of choices for slide designs. Ff you want to use one of these other than X<riginalZ( clic3 it to select it. a' The types of 'resentation =ac2grounds are shown in /igure 13A. -hen you select a presentation bac3ground( you will see a pre)iew of the slide design in the #re)iew window. b' X<riginalZ is for a blan3 presentation slide design. =' 5elect how the presentation will be used under %elect an output medium. The maIority of presentations are created for computer screen display. Ft is recommended to select Screen. You can change the page format at any time.
>ote
A'
The 5creen page is optimi4ed for a =&3 display %2;cm 1 21cm' so it is not suitable for modern widescreen displays. You can change the slide si4e at any time by switching to !ormal )iew and selecting Format > Page.
Clic3 >e5t. The Presentation -i4ard step 3 appears %/igure 13E'. a' Choose the desired slide transition from the <ffect drop7down menu. b' 5elect the desired speed for the transition between the different slides in the presentation from the %peed drop7down menu. ;edium is a good choice for now. E' Clic3 Create. * new presentation is created.
>ote
Ff you selected (rom template on step 1 of the -i4ard( the >e5t button will be acti)e on step 3 and other pages will be a)ailable. These pages are not described here.
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )$)
(igure )3$: Selecting a slide transition effect

You can accept the default )alues for both <ffect and Speed unless you are s3illed at creating presentations. 6oth of these )alues can be changed later while wor3ing with slide transitions and animations. These two features are e1plained in more detail in the -mpress Guide 3hapter 8 Slide Shows. .emember to sa)e fre@uently while wor3ing on the presentation( to pre)ent any loss of information should something une1pected occur. You might also want to acti)ate the *uto.eco)ery function %)ools > "ptions > !oadD%ave > +eneralB. 5elect %ave AutoLecovery information every and enter the number of minutes to be used as the fre@uency for auto reco)ery.
)ip
Caution
Formatting a presentation
* new presentation contains only one empty slide. Fn this section we will start adding new slides and preparing them for the intended contents.
nserting slides
2ew slide
* new slide can be inserted into a presentation as follows&. 1' o to nsert on the main menu bar and select %lide. 2' <r right7clic3 on a slide in the -or3space( 5lides #ane or 5lide 5orter )iew and select %lide > >ew %lide from the conte1t menu. 3' <r clic3 the %lide icon in the #resentation toolbar. Ff the #resentation toolbar is not )isible( go to =iew < )oolbars on the main menu bar and select Presentation from the list. * new slide is inserted after the selected slide in the presentation.
)$7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
#u&licate slide
5ometimes( rather than starting from a new slide you may want to duplicate a slide already included in your presentation. To duplicate a slide& 1' 5elect the slide you want to duplicate from the 5lides #ane. 2' .ight7clic3 on the slide in the 5lides #ane or -or3space and select /uplicate %lide from the conte1t menu. <r( go to 5lide 5orter )iew( right7clic3 on a slide and select /uplicate %lide from the conte1t menu. *lternati)ely( go to nsert on the main menu bar and select /uplicate %lide. 3' * duplicate slide is inserted after the selected slide in the presentation.
%electing slide layout

Fn the Tas3s #ane( select !ayouts by clic3ing on the title to display the a)ailable layouts %/igure 13D'. The layouts included in $ibre<ffice range from a blan3 slide to a slide with si1 contents bo1es and a title.
(igure )3%: ?vailable slide la/outs The first slide in a presentation is normally a title slide. You can use either a blan3 layout or one of the title layouts as your title slide. To create a title( if one of the title layouts has been selected( clic3 on 3lic2 to add title and then type the title te1t. To add a subtitle or te1t content( depending on the slide layout selected( clic3 on 3lic2 to add te0t and type your subtitle or te1t. To adIust the formatting of the title( subtitle( or content( modify the presentation styleS see the -mpress Guide 3hapter 7 +sing Slide ;astersF St/lesF and *emplates for more information.
Te1t and graphic elements can be readIusted at any time during the preparation of the presentation( but changing the layout of a slide that already contains some contents can ha)e an effect on the content format. Therefore( it is recommended that you pay particular attention to the layout you select to pre)ent any loss of content.
>ote
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )$3
To )iew the names for the included layouts( use the Tooltip feature& position the cursor on an icon in the $ayout section %or on any toolbar icon' and its name will be displayed in a small rectangle.
)ip
Ff tooltips are not enabled( choose )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < +eneral < ;elp and select the )ips option. Ff the 45tended tips option is also selected( you will get more detailed tooltip information( but the tooltip names themsel)es will not be pro)ided.
To select or change the layout of a slide( select the slide in the 5lides #ane so that it appears in the -or3space and select the desired layout from $ayouts in the Tas3s #ane. 5e)eral layouts contain one or more content bo1es. Cach of these content bo1es can be configured to contain te1t( mo)ies( pictures( charts or tables. You can choose the type of contents by clic3ing on the corresponding icon that is displayed in the middle of the contents bo1 as shown in /igure 13;. Ff you intend to use the contents bo1 for te1t( clic3 on 3lic2 to add te0t.
(igure )3&: Selecting contents t/pe
1odifying slide elements

* slide contains elements that were included in the slide master( as well as those elements included in the selected slide layout. ,owe)er( it is unli3ely that the predefined layouts will suit all your needs for your presentation. You may want to remo)e elements that are not re@uired or insert obIects such as te1t and graphics. *lthough Fmpress does not ha)e the functionality to create new layouts( it allows you to resi4e and mo)e the layout elements. Ft is also possible to add elements without being limited to the si4e and position of the layout bo1es. To resi4e a contents bo1( clic3 on the outer frame so that the resi4ing handles are displayed. To mo)e it( place the mouse cursor on the frame so that the cursor changes shape. You can now clic3 and drag the contents bo1 to a new position on the slide.
)$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
To remo)e any unwanted elements& 1' Clic3 the element to highlight it. The resi4ing handles show it is selected. 2' #ress the Delete 3ey to remo)e it.
Caution
Changes to any of the layouts included in Fmpress can only be made using =iew > >ormal( which is the default. *ttempting any changes by modifying a slide master( although possible( may result in unpredictable results and re@uires e1tra care as well as a certain amount of trial and error.
Adding te5t
To add te1t to a slide that contains a te1t frame( clic3 on 3lic2 to add te0t in the te1t frame and then type your te1t. The <utline styles are automatically applied to the te1t as you insert it. You can change the outline le)el of each paragraph as well as its position within the te1t by using the arrow buttons on the *e0t (ormatting toolbar %see /igure 12; and K<utline )iewL on page 1AE'. /or more information on te1t( see K*dding and formatting te1tL on page 1EE.
Adding obGects
To add any obIects to a slide( for e1ample a picture( clipart( drawing( photograph( or spreadsheet( clic3 on nsert then select from the drop down menu what type of insert you re@uire. /or more information( see K*dding pictures( tables( charts and mediaL on page 1D0.
1odifying appearance of all slides

To change the bac3ground and other characteristics of all slides in the presentation( you need to modify the master page or choose a different master page as e1plained in K-or3ing with slide masters and stylesL on page 1D3. * Slide ;aster is a slide with a specified set of characteristics that acts as a template and is used as the starting point for creating other slides. These characteristics include slide bac3ground( obIects in the bac3ground( formatting of any te1t used( and any bac3ground graphics.
$ibre<ffice uses three interchangeable terms for this one concept& ;aster slide( slide master( and master page. These terms all refer to a slide that is used to create other slides. This guide( howe)er( uses only the term slide masterF e1cept when describing the user interface.
>ote
Fmpress has a range of slide masters and these are found in the 1aster Pages section of the Tas3s #ane. You can also create and sa)e additional slide masters or add more from other sources. 5ee the -mpress Guide 3hapter 7 +sing Slide ;astersF St/lesF and *emplates for more information on creating and modifying slide masters. Ff all you need to do is to change the bac3ground( you can use a shortcut& 1' 5elect Format > Page and go to the =ac2ground tab on the Page %etup dialog that opens. 2' 5elect the desired bac3ground between solid color( gradient( hatching and bitmap. 3' Clic3 "8 to apply it. * dialog will open as3ing if the bac3ground should be applied to all the slides. Ff you clic3 Ces( Fmpress will automatically modify the master page for you.
>ote
Fnserting and correctly formatting a bac3ground is beyond the scope of this chapter( but you can find all the information you need in the Draw Guide 3hapter 3hanging ObGect ?ttributes or in the -mpress Guide 3hapter $ (ormatting Graphic ObGects .
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )$#
1odifying the slide show

6y default the slide show will display all the slides in the same order as they appear in the slide sorter( without any transition between slides. You need to use 3eyboard input or mouse interaction to mo)e from one slide to the ne1t. You can use %lide %how on the main menu bar to change the order of the slides( choose which ones are shown( automate mo)ing from one slide to the ne1t( and other settings. To change the slide transition( animate slides( add a soundtrac3 to the presentation( and ma3e other enhancements( you need to use functions in the Tas3s #ane. 5ee the -mpress Guide for details on how to use all of these features.
Adding and formatting te5t

0any of your slides are li3ely to contain some te1t. This section gi)es you some guidelines on how to add te1t and how to change its appearance. Te1t used in slides is contained in te0t bo0es. /or more information on adding and formatting te1t( see the -mpress Guide 3hapter 3 ?dding and (ormatting *e0t . There are two types of te1t bo1es that you can add to a slide&
Choose a predefined layout from the La/outs section of the Tas3s pane and do not select
any special contents type. These te1t bo1es are called Auto!ayout te1t bo1es.
Create a te1t bo1 using the )e5t icon
on the 2rawing toolbar %/igure 13B' or the Te1t toolbar %/igure 1=0'( or use the 3eyboard shortcut (7.
(igure )38: Drawing toolbar
(igure ) !: *e0t toolbar
(sing Auto!ayout te5t bo5es

1' 0a3e sure !ormal )iew is selected. 2' Clic3 in the te1t bo1 that reads Click to add te5t. 3' Type or paste your te1t in the te1t bo1.
(sing te5t bo5es

1' 0a3e sure !ormal )iew is selected. 2' Clic3 on the )e5t icon on the 2rawing or Te1t toolbar or use the 3eyboard shortcut (7. Ff the 2rawing or Te1t toolbar is not )isible( go to =iew > )oolbars on the main menu bar and select /rawing or )e5t. 3' Clic3 and drag to draw a bo1 for the te1t on the slide. 2o not worry about the )ertical si4e and position as the te1t bo1 will e1pand if needed as you type. =' .elease the mouse button when finished. The cursor appears in the te1t bo1( which is now in edit mode %a hashed border shown in /igure 1=1'.
)$$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure ) ): 3reating and editing te0t bo0es A' Type or paste your te1t in the te1t bo1. E' Clic3 outside the te1t bo1 to deselect it. You can mo)e( resi4e( and delete te1t bo1es. /or more information( see the -mpress Guide 3hapter 3 ?dding and (ormatting *e0t.
=ertical te5t
Fn addition to the normal te1t bo1es where te1t is hori4ontally aligned( it is possible to insert te1t bo1es where the te1t is aligned )ertically. Hertical te1t is a)ailable only when *sian languages are enabled in )ools < "ptions < !anguage %ettings < !anguages. Clic3 the =ertical )e5t icon the 2rawing toolbar or Te1t toolbar to create a )ertical te1t bo1. in
Fuick font resi7ing

Fmpress has an ncrease Font icon and a /ecrease Font icon on the Te1t /ormatting toolbar %highlighted in /igure 1=2' to increase or decrease font si4e of selected te1t. The amount by which the font si4e changes depends on the standard si4es a)ailable for the font in use.
(igure ) 7: 9uic2 font resi.ing on *e0t (ormatting toolbar
Pasting te5t
Te1t may be inserted into the te1t bo1 by copying it from another document and pasting it into Fmpress. ,owe)er( pasted te1t will probably not match the formatting of the surrounding te1t on the slide or that of the other slides in the presentation. This may be what you want on some occasionsS howe)er( in most cases you want to ma3e sure that the presentation style is consistent and does not become a patchwor3 of different paragraph styles( font types( bullet points and so on. There are se)eral ways to ensure consistency in your presentation.
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )$%
4asting unfor)atted text

Ft is normally good practice to paste te1t without formatting and apply the formatting later. To paste te1t without formatting&
"se the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4Shift4D and select (nformatted te5t from the #aste
5pecial dialog that opens.
<r( clic3 on the small triangle ne1t to the Paste icon in the 5tandard toolbar and select
(nformatted te5t from the conte1t menu. The unformatted te1t will be formatted with the outline or paragraph style at the cursor position in an *uto$ayout te1t bo1 or with the default graphic style in a normal te1t bo1.
*or)atting &asted text

Ff you are pasting the te1t into an Auto!ayout te1t bo1( you need to apply the appropriate outline st/le to the te1t to gi)e it the same loo3 and feel as the rest of the presentation. 1' #aste the te1t in the desired position. 2' 5elect the te1t you ha)e Iust pasted. 3' 5elect Format < /efault formatting on the main menu bar. =' "se the four arrow buttons on the Te1t /ormatting toolbar %highlighted in /igure 12;' to mo)e the te1t to the appropriate position and gi)e it the appropriate outline le)el.
$eft arrow promotes the list entry by one le)el %for e1ample from <utline 3 to <utline 2'. .ight arrow button demotes the list entry by one le)el. "p arrow mo)es the list entry up in the list order. 2own arrow mo)es the list entry down in the list order.
A' *pply any necessary manual formatting to the te1t to change font attributes( tabs( and so on. Ff you are pasting te1t in a te5t bo5( you can still use styles to @uic3ly format the te1t. <nly one graphic style can be applied to the pasted te1t as follows& 1' #aste the te1t in the desired position. 2' 5elect the te1t you ha)e Iust pasted. 3' 5elect the desired graphic style to format the te1t. =' *pply any necessary manual formatting to the te1t to change font attributes( tabs( and so on.
Creating bulleted and numbered lists

The procedure to create a bulleted or numbered list is @uite different depending on the type of te1t bo1 used( although the tools to manage the list and customi4e the appearance are the same. Fn *uto$ayout te1t bo1es( the outline styles a)ailable are( by default( bulleted lists. /or normal te1t bo1es an additional step is re@uired to create a bulleted list.
-utoLa'out text boxes

*uto$ayout te1t bo1es included in the a)ailable layouts are already formatted as a bulleted list. Create a bulleted list as follows& 1' /rom the $ayout pane( choose a slide design that contains a te1t bo1. 2' Fn the te1t bo1( clic3 on Click to add te5t. 3' Type your te1t and press the <nter 3ey to start a new bulleted point. =' The default list type is a bulleted list. 0ethods for changing the appearance of a list are e1plained in KChanging list appearanceL on page 1EB.
)$& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
)ip
#ress Shift4<nter to start a new line without creating a new bullet point. The new line will ha)e the same indentation as the pre)ious line. To switch off bullets altogether( clic3 the 0ullets "nD"ff icon on the Te1t /ormatting toolbar. Ff the Te1t /ormatting toolbar is not displayed( go to =iew > )oolbar > )e5t Formatting on the main menu bar.
/ext boxes
Create a bulleted list in a te1t bo1 as follows& 1' Clic3 the )e5t icon on the 2rawing toolbar and draw a te1t bo1 on your slide.
2' Clic3 the 0ullets "nD"ff icon on the Te1t /ormatting toolbar. 3' Type the te1t and press <nter to start a new bulleted line. The default list type is a bulleted list. 0ethods for changing the appearance of a list are e1plained in KChanging list appearanceL below.
+reating a new outline level

Fn *uto$ayout te1t bo1es( a new outline le)el is created as follows& 1' Ff necessary( press <nter to begin a new list entry. 2' To demote a list entry %mo)e it to the right'. press the *ab 3ey( or clic3 the 2emote %right arrow' icon on the Te1t /ormatting toolbar or use the 3eyboard shortcut ?lt4Shift41ight. The list entry mo)es to the right and is indented to the ne1t outline le)el. #ressing <nter again creates a new list entry at the same le)el as the pre)ious one. 3' To promote a list entry %mo)e it to the left'( press Shift4*ab or clic3 the #romote %left arrow' icon on the Te1t /ormatting toolbar or use the 3eyboard shortcut ?lt4Shift4Left. The list entry mo)es to the left and is indented at the ne1t higher le)el. #ressing <nter again creates a new list entry at the same le)el as the pre)ious one. Fn the *uto$ayout te1t bo1es( promoting or demoting an item in the list corresponds to applying a different outline style. The second outline le)el corresponds to <utline 2 style( the third outline le)el to <utline 3 style( and so on. -ith a change in le)el and style produces other changes( for e1ample( to font si4e( bullet type( and so on. Fn te1t bo1es( a new outline le)el can only be created using the *ab 3ey to demote the list entry and the Shift4*ab 3ey combination to promote the list entry.
2o not try to change the outline le)el by selecting the te1t and then clic3ing the desired outline style as you would in -riter. 2ue to the way that presentation styles wor3 in Fmpress( it is not possible to change the le)el in this way.
>ote
+hanging list a&&earance

You can fully customi4e list appearance by changing the bullet type or numbering for the entire list or for only a single entry. *ll of the changes can be made using the 6ullets and !umbering dialog %/igure 1=3'( which is accessed by going to Format > 0ullets and >umbering on the main menu bar or by clic3ing on the 0ullets and >umbering icon on the Te1t /ormatting toolbar.
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )$8
(igure ) 3: =ullets and >umbering dialog /or the entire list& 1' 5elect the entire list or clic3 on the border of the te1t bo1 so that the resi4ing handles are displayed. 2' 5elect Format > 0ullets and >umbering on the main menu bar or clic3 on the 0ullets and >umbering icon on the Te1t /ormatting toolbar. 3' The 6ullets and !umbering dialog %/igure 1=3' contains fi)e pages& 6ullets( !umbering type( raphics( #osition( and Customi4e. a' Ff a bullet list is needed( select the desired bullet style from the default styles a)ailable on the =ullets page. b' Ff a graphics style is needed( select one from those a)ailable on the Graphics page. c' Ff a numbered list is needed( select one of the default numbering styles on the >umbering t/pe page. d' The 'osition page allows you to set the indent and numbering spacing and alignment of your list. e' The 3ustomi.e page allows you to customi4e the numbering( color( relati)e si4e and character used for your list. /or a single list entry( clic3 anywhere in the te1t and then follow steps 2 and 3 abo)e. Ff the list was created in an *uto$ayout te1t bo1( then an alternati)e way to change the entire list is to modify the <utline styles. Changes made to the outline style will apply to all the slides using them.
Adding pictures3 tables3 charts and media

* contents bo1 can also contain pictures( tables( charts or media as well as te1t and this section pro)ides a @uic3 o)er)iew of how to wor3 with these obIects. /or more information on adding pictures( tables( charts or media( please refer to the -mpress Guide.
)%! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Adding pictures
To add a picture to a contents bo1& 1' o to nsert < Picture on the main menu bar and then select either From file or %can. *lternati)ely( after inserting a new slide( clic3 the nsert Picture icon %/igure 13; on page 1E=' on the new slide and select the file from the Fnsert #icture dialog that opens. To see a pre)iew of the picture( chec3 Preview at the bottom of the Fnsert #icture dialog. 2' 0o)e the picture to the desired location. The picture will automatically resi4e to fill the area of the contents bo1. /ollow the directions in the note below when manually resi4ing a graphic.
-hen resi4ing a graphic( right7clic3 the picture. 5elect Position and %i7e from the conte1t menu and ma3e sure that 8eep ratio is selected. Then adIust the height or width to the si4e you need. *s you adIust one dimension. both dimensions will change to 3eep the width and height ratio the same. /ailure to do so will cause the picture to become distorted. .emember also that resi4ing a bitmap image will reduce its @ualityS it is better to create an image of the desired si4e outside of Fmpress.
>ote
Adding tables
To add basic tables to a slide& 1' o to nsert < )able on the main menu bar( or clic3 the )able icon toolbar. on the 5tandard
2' Ff there is a table already on the slide and it is selected( clic3 the )able icon on the Table toolbar. The Table toolbar is only )isible after selecting =iew > )oolbars > )able on the main menu bar and when a table is selected. *lternati)ely( and after inserting a new slide into your presentation( clic3 the nsert )able icon %/igure 13; on page 1E='. 3' 5elect the number of rows and columns re@uired from the Fnsert Table dialog that opens. *lternati)ely( clic3 the small triangle to the right of the the )able icon and select the number of rows and columns by dragging the cursor. =' Clic3 on the Table 2esign section in the Tas3s #ane and select a design style from the a)ailable options. *lternati)ely( clic3 on the )able /esign icon on the Table toolbar to open the Table 2esign section on the Tas3s #ane and then select a design style.
5electing from any of the styles in the Table 2esign section on the Tas3s #ane creates a table based on that style. Ff you create a table by another method( you can still apply a style of your choice later.
>ote
The Table toolbar in Fmpress offers the same functions as the Table toolbar in -riter( with the e1ception of the calculation functions 5ort and 5um. To use 5um and 5ort in your presentation you ha)e to insert a Calc spreadsheet. *fter the table is created( you can modify it by adding and deleting rows and columns( adIusting width and spacing( adding borders( bac3ground colors and so on. /or more information on wor3ing with tables see the -mpress Guide 3hapter 3 ?dding and (ormatting *e0t and the :riter Guide 3hapter 8 :or2ing with *ables.
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )%)
Cntering data into table cells is similar to wor3ing with te1t bo1 obIects. Clic3 in the cell you wish to add data to and begin typing. To mo)e around cells @uic3ly( use the following 3eyboard options&
#ress the arrow 2e/s to mo)e the cursor to another cell if the cell is empty( or to the ne1t
character if the cell already contains te1t.
#ress the *ab 3ey to mo)e to the ne1t cell on the right and press Shift4*ab to mo)e to the
ne1t cell on the left..
Adding charts
To insert a chart in a slide& 1' o to nsert < Chart on the main menu bar or clic3 on the Chart icon in the 5tandard toolbar. *lternati)ely( and after inserting a new slide( clic3 on the nsert Chart icon %/igure 13; on page 1E='. 2' Fmpress will insert a default chart and open the Chart dialog. To modify the chart type( insert your own data and change the formatting( refer to the -mpress Guide.
Adding media files

To insert media files( such as music and mo)ie clips( in a slide& 1' o to nsert < 1ovie and %ound on the main menu bar. *lternati)ely( and after inserting a new slide( clic3 on the nsert 1ovie icon %/igure 13; on page 1E='. 2' * media player will open at the bottom of the screen and you can pre)iew the media. 3' -hen an audio file is inserted( the contents bo1 will show a loudspea3er image.
Caution
Fn $inu17based systems such as "buntu( media files do not immediately wor3. You ha)e to download the +a)a 0edia /ramewor3 *#F %+0/' and add the path *m+.*ar to the Class #ath in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < @ava.
Adding graphics3 spreadsheets3 and other obGects

raphics( such as shapes( callouts( arrows( and so on( are often useful to complement the te1t on a slide. These obIects are handled much the same way as graphics in 2raw. /or more information( see the Draw Guide 3hapter % Getting Started with Draw( or the -mpress Guide 3hapters F #F and $. 5preadsheets embedded in Fmpress include most of the functionality of Calc spreadsheets and are capable of performing e1tremely comple1 calculations and data analysis. Ff you need to analy4e your data or apply formulas( these operations are best performed in a Calc spreadsheet and the results displayed in an embedded Calc spreadsheet or e)en better in an Fmpress table. *lternati)ely( go to nsert > "bGect > "!4 "bGect on the main menu bar. This opens a spreadsheet in the middle of the slide and the menus and toolbars change to those used in Calc. You can start adding data( though you may ha)e to resi4e the )isible area on the slide. You can also insert an e1isting spreadsheet and use the )iewport to select the data that you want to display on your slide. Fmpress offers the capability of inserting into a slide )arious other types of obIects such -riter documents( 0ath formulae( or another presentation. /or details on using these obIects( refer to the -mpress Guide 3hapter % -ncluding SpreadsheetsF 3hartsF and Other ObGects.
)%7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
,orking with slide masters and styles

* slide master is a slide that is used as the starting point for other slides. Ft is similar to a page style in -riter and it controls the basic formatting of all slides based on it. * slide show can ha)e more than one slide master.
$ibre<ffice uses three terms for a slide that is used to create other slides& master slide( slide master( and master page. This boo3 uses the term slide masterF e1cept when describing the user interface.
>ote
* slide master has a defined set of characteristics( including bac3ground colors( graphics( gradientsS and other obIects %such as logos( decorati)e lines and so on'( headers and footers( placement and si4e of te1t frames( and te1t format.
%tyles
*ll of the characteristics of slide masters are controlled by styles. !ew slides that you create using a slide master ha)e styles that are inherited from the slide master from which was used. Changing a style in a slide master results in changes to all slides based on that slide master( but you can modify indi)idual slides without affecting the slide master.
*lthough it is highly recommended to use the slide masters whene)er possible( there are occasions where manual changes are needed for a particular slide( for e1ample to enlarge the chart area when the te1t and chart layout is used.
>ote
5lide masters ha)e two types of styles associated with them& presentation st/les and graphic st/les. The prepac3aged presentation styles can be modified( but new presentation styles cannot be created. /or graphic styles( you can modify the prepac3aged styles and also create new styles. #resentation styles affect three elements of a slide master& bac3ground( bac3ground obIects %such as icons( decorati)e lines( and te1t frames'( and te1t placed on the slide. Te1t styles are further di)ided into >otes( Outline ) through Outline 8( Subtitle( and *itle. The outline styles are used for the different le)els of the outline to which they belong. /or e1ample( <utline 2 is used for the sub7 points of <utline 1( and <utline 3 is used for the sub7points of <utline 2( and so on. raphic styles are not restricted and can affect many of the elements of a slide. !ote that te1t styles e1ist in both the presentation and graphic style selections.
%lide masters
Fmpress comes with a collection of slide masters. These slide masters are shown in the 0aster #ages section of the Tas3s #ane %/igure 1==' and has three subsections& +sed in *his 'resentation( 1ecentl/ +sed( and ?vailable for +se. Clic3 the O sign ne1t to the name of a subsection to e1pand it to show thumbnails of the slides( or clic3 the sign to collapse the subsection to hide the thumbnails. Cach of the slide masters shown in the ?vailable for +se list is from a template of the same name. Ff you ha)e created your own templates( or added templates from other sources( slide masters from those templates will also appear in this list.
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )%3
(igure )
: Slide 5page6 masters in *as2s 'ane
(igure ) #: ;aster Diew toolbar
Creating a slide master

Creating a new slide master is similar to modifying the default slide master. 1' Cnable editing of slide masters by selecting =iew < 1aster < %lide 1aster on the main menu bar and the 1aster =iew toolbar opens %/igure 1=A'. Ff the 0aster Hiew toolbar does not appear( go to =iew < )oolbars and select 1aster =iew. *lternati)ely( right7clic3 on a slide master in the 0aster #ages section of the tas3s pane that you want to use and select 4dit 1aster to open the 0aster Hiew toolbar. 2' <n the 0aster Hiew toolbar( clic3 the >ew 1aster icon . 3' * new slide master appears in the 5lides pane. 0odify this slide master to suit your re@uirements. =' Ft is also recommended that you rename this new slide master. .ight7clic3 on the slide in the 5lides pane and select Lename master from the conte1t menu. A' -hen finished creating a slide master( clic3 Close 1aster =iew on the 0aster Hiew toolbar and return to normal slide editing mode.
Applying a slide master

To apply a slide master to all the slides in your presentation& 1' Fn the Tas3s #ane( ma3e sure the 0aster #ages section is showing %/igure 1=='.
)% " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
2' To apply one of the slide masters to all slides in your presentation( right7clic3 on it from the a)ailable selection and select Apply to All %lides on the conte1t menu. To apply a different slide master to one or more selected slides& 1' Fn the 5lide #ane( select the slide or slides where you want to use a new slide master. 2' Fn the Tas3s #ane( right7clic3 on the slide master you want to apply to the selected slides( and select Apply to %elected %lides on the conte1t menu.
!oading additional slide masters

5ometimes( in the same set of slides( you may need to mi1 multiple slide masters that may belong to different templates. /or e1ample( you may need a completely different layout for the first slide of the presentation( or you may want to add to your presentation a slide from a different presentation %based on a template a)ailable on the hard dis3'. 1' o to Format < %lide /esign on the main menu bar or right7clic3 on a slide in the 5lides #ane and select %lide /esign from the conte1t menu to open the 5lide 2esign dialog %/igure 1=E'. This dialog shows the slide masters already a)ailable for use. To add more slide masters( clic3 the !oad button to open the $oad 5lide 2esign dialog %/igure 1=D'. 5elect in the $oad 5lide 2esign dialog the template from which to load the slide master and clic3 "8. Clic3 "8 again to close the 5lide 2esign dialog. The slide masters in the template you selected to use are now shown in the ?vailable for use subsection of 0aster #ages.
2' 3' =' A'
(igure ) $: Slide Design

The slide masters you ha)e loaded will also be a)ailable the ne1t time you load the presentation. Ff you want to delete the unused slide masters( clic3 the corresponding chec3bo1 in the 5lide 2esign dialog. Ff the slide master was not used in the presentation( it is remo)ed from the list of a)ailable slide masters.
>ote
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )%#
(igure ) %: Load Slide Design dialog
)ip
To limit the si4e of the presentation file( you may want to minimi4e the number of slide masters used.
1odifying a slide master

The following items can be changed on a slide master&
6ac3ground %color( gradient( hatching( or bitmap' 6ac3ground obIects %for e1ample( a logo or decorati)e graphics' 5i4e( placement( and contents of header and footer elements to appear on e)ery slide 5i4e and placement of default frames for slide titles and content
6efore wor3ing on the slide master( ma3e sure that the 5tyles and /ormatting dialog is open. To select the slide master for modification. /or more information on modifying slide masters( see the -mpress Guide 3hapter 7 +sing Slide ;astersF St/lesF and *emplates. 1' 5elect =iew < 1aster < %lide 1aster from the menu bar. This unloc3s the properties of a slide master so you can edit it. 2' 5elect a slide master in ;aster 'ages in the Tas3s pane. 3' .ight7clic3 on the slide master you want to modify and select 4dit 1aster from the conte1t menu. =' 0a3e changes as re@uired to the slide master( then clic3 the Close 1aster =iew icon on the 0aster Hiew toolbar or go to =iew < >ormal on the main menu bar to e1it from editing slide masters. A' 5a)e your presentation file before continuing.
Caution
*ny changes made to one slide when in 0aster Hiew mode will appear on all slides using this slide master. *lways ma3e sure you Close 0aster Hiew and return to !ormal )iew before wor3ing on any of the presentation slides.
>ote
The changes made to one of the slides in !ormal )iew %for e1ample( changes to the bullet point style( the color of the title area( and so on' will not be o)erridden by subse@uent changes to the slide master. There are cases( howe)er( where it is desirable to re)ert a manually modified element of the slide to the style defined in the slide master. To re)ert bac3 to default formatting( select the element and select Format < /efault Formatting from the main menu bar.
)%$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure ) &: <0ample master view
Adding te5t3 footers3 and fields to all slides

* slide master can ha)e te1t( footers( or fields added so that they appear on e)ery slide in your presentation. 2ue to the layout of slides in Fmpress( headers are not normally added to slides.
/ext
1' o to =iew > 1aster > %lide 1aster on the main menu bar to open 0aster Hiew %/igure 1=;'. 2' <n the 2rawing toolbar( select the )e5t icon or press the (7 3ey. 3' Clic3 and drag in the master page to draw a te1t obIect and then type or paste your te1t into the te1t obIect. =' o to =iew > >ormal on the main menu bar or clic3 on Close 1aster =iew on the 0aster Hiew toolbar when you are finished entering te1t obIects that you want to appear on e)ery slide in your presentation.
*ooters
To add a footer to your slides& 1' o to =iew > 1aster > %lide 1aster on the main menu bar to open 0aster Hiew %/igure 1=;'. 2' o to nsert < /ate or nsert < Page >umber on the main menu bar and time to open the ,eader and /ooter dialog %/igure 1=B'. 3' 5elect the type of date and time( type in the footer te1t and slide number from the a)ailable options in the dialog. =' Clic3 Apply to All to apply your changes to all the slides in your presentation( or clic3 Apply to apply your changes to the selected slide in your presentation. *lternati)ely( you can add the date/time( footer te1t and slide number directly into their respecti)e areas as shown in /igure 1=;.
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )%%
(igure ) 8: Ceader and (ooter dialog in -mpress
>ote *ields
!ormally only footers are used on a slide. To create a header( you can use a te1t bo1 as e1plained in KTe1tL on page 1DD.
To add a field into an obIect or as a separate obIect on a slide( select nsert < Fields on the main menu bar and select the re@uired field from the submenu. Ff you want to edit this field in your slide( see the -mpress Guide 3hapter 3 ?dding and (ormatting *e0t for more information. The fields you can use in Fmpress are as follows&
2ate %fi1ed' 2ate %)ariable'& updates automatically when you reload a file Time %fi1ed' Time %)ariable'& updates automatically when you reload a file *uthor& first and last names listed in the $ibre<ffice user data #age !umber& this is the slide number in Fmpress. #age Count& this is the number of slides in your presentation. /ile !ame
To change the author information( go to )ools > "ptions > !ibre"ffice > (ser /ata on the main menu bar.
)ip
To change the number format %1(2(3 or a(b(c or i(ii(iii( and so on' for the number field( go to Format > Page on the main menu bar and then select a format from the (ormat list in the !ayout %ettings area. To change a paragraph style throughout your presentation( open the 5tyles and /ormatting dialog and modify the appropriate presentation style.
)%& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Adding comments to a presentation

Fmpress supports comments similar to those in -riter and Calc. Fn !ormal Hiew( go to nsert > Comment on the main menu bar to open a blan3 comment %/igure 1A0'. * small bo1 containing your initials appears in the upper left7hand corner of the slide( with a larger te1t bo1 beside it. Fmpress automatically adds your name and the current date at the bottom of the te1t bo1.
(igure )#!: -nserting comments Type or paste your comment into the te1t bo1. You can optionally apply some basic formatting to the comment by selecting it( right7clic3ing( and choosing from the conte1t menu that opens. This menu allows you to apply formatting to selected te1t( delete the current comment( delete all comments from the same author( or delete all comments in the presentation. You can mo)e the small comment mar3ers to anywhere you wish on the slide. Typically you might place it on or near an obIect you refer to in the comment. To show or hide the comment mar3ers( choose =iew > Comments. 5elect )ools > "ptions > (ser /ata to configure the name you want to appear in the comment. Ff more than one person edits the document( each author is automatically allocated a different bac3ground color for their comments.
%etting up a slide show

*s mentioned in K0odifying the slide showL on page 1EE( Fmpress allocates reasonable default settings for slide shows( while at the same time allowing you to customi4e many aspects of the slide show e1perience. This section co)ers only some aspects and more ad)anced techni@ues are e1plained in the -mpress Guide 3hapter 8 Slide Shows. 0ost of the tas3s are best done in 5lide 5orter )iew where you can see most of the slides simultaneously. o to =iew > %lide %orter on the main menu bar or clic3 the 5lide 5orter tab at the top of the -or3space.
"ne slide set J multiple presentations

Fn many situations( you may find that you ha)e more slides than the time a)ailable to present them or you may want to pro)ide a rapid o)er)iew without dwelling on the details. .ather than ha)ing to create a new presentation( you can use two tools that Fmpress offers& hiding slides and custom slide shows.
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )%8
5iding slides
1' 5elect the slide you want to hide in the 5lide #ane or 5lide 5orter )iew on the -or3space area. 2' o to %lide %how < ;ide %lide on the main menu bar or right7clic3 on the slide thumbnail and select ;ide %lide from the conte1t menu. ,idden slides are mar3ed by a diagonal bars across the slide.
+usto) slide shows

Ff you want to create a custom slide show from the same presentation& 1' 5elect the slides you want to use in your custom slide show. 2' o to %lide %how > Custom %lide %how on the main menu bar. 3' Clic3 on the >ew button to create a new se@uence of slides and sa)e it with a different name. You can ha)e as many slide shows as you want from a single presentation.
%lide transitions
5lide transition is the animation that is played when a slide is changed for the ne1t slide in your presentation. You can configure the slide transition from the 5lide Transition section in the Tas3s #ane. 1' 5elect the desired transition( the speed of the animation( and whether the transition should happen when you clic3 the mouse %preferred' or automatically after a certain number of seconds. 2' Clic3 Apply to All %lides to apply the transition for all of your presentation or continue selecting transitions to place between each slide in your presentation.
The 5lide Transition section has a )ery useful choice& ?utomatic preview. 5elect its chec3bo1 and when you ma3e any changes in a slide transition( the new slide is pre)iewed in the 5lide 2esign area( including its transition effect.
)ip
%lide advance
You can set the presentation to automatically ad)ance to the ne1t slide after a set amount of time from the 5lide Transition section in the Tas3 pane. 1' o to Advance slide and select the Automatically after option. 2' Cnter the re@uired amount of time in seconds that each slide will be displayed. 3' Clic3 on the Apply to All %lides button to apply the same display time to all slides. To apply a different display time to each slide in your presentation& 1' o to %lide %how > Lehearse )imings on the main menu bar and the slide show starts. 2' -hen you are ready to ad)ance to the ne1t slide( mouse clic3 on the display bac3ground or press the right arrow or spacebar on your 3eyboard. 3' Fmpress will memori4e the timings for each slide and ad)ance to ne1t the slide automatically using the timings when you run the slide show. To automatically restart a slide show after the last slide has been displayed& 1' o to %lide %how < %lide %how %ettings on the main menu bar. 2' 5elect Auto and the timing of the pause between slide shows. 3' Clic3 "8 when you ha)e finished.
)&! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Lunning a slide show

To run a slide show( do one of the following&
Clic3 %lide %how > %lide %how on the menu bar. Clic3 the %lide %how icon #ress (# on the 3eyboard.
on the #resentation toolbar.
Ff the slide transition is ?utomatic after 0 seconds( let the slide show run by itself. Ff the slide transition is On mouse clic2( do one of the following to mo)e from one slide to the ne1t&
"se the arrow 3eys on the 3eyboard to go to the ne1t slide or to go bac3 to the pre)ious
one.
Clic3 the mouse to mo)e to the ne1t slide. #ress the spacebar on the 3eyboard to ad)ance to the ne1t slide.
.ight7clic3 anywhere on the screen to open a conte1t menu where you can na)igate through the slides and set other options. To e1it the slide show at any time including when the slide show has ended( press the <sc 3ey.
(sing the Presenter Console

$ibre<ffice Fmpress has a #resenter Console function that can be used when an e1tra display for presentation has been connected to your computer. The #resenter Console %/igure 1A1' pro)ides e1tra control o)er slide shows by using different )iews on your computer display and on the display that the audience sees. The )iew you see on your computer display includes the current slide( the upcoming slide( any slide notes( and a presentation timer. /or more information and details about using the #resenter Console( see the -mpress Guide 3hapter 8 Slide Shows.
(igure )#): -mpress 'resenter 3onsole
3hapter $ Getting Started with -mpress " )&)
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw

Dector Drawing in LibreOffice
,hat is /raw9
2raw is a )ector graphics drawing program( although it can also perform some operations on raster graphics %pi1els'. "sing 2raw( you can @uic3ly create a wide )ariety of graphical images. Hector graphics store and display an image as simple geometric elements such as lines( circles( and polygons rather than a collections of pi1els %points on the screen'. Hector graphics allow for easier storage and scaling of the image. 2raw is fully integrated into the $ibre<ffice suite( and this simplifies e1changing graphics with all components of the suite. /or e1ample( if you create an image in 2raw( reusing it in a -riter document is as simple as copying and pasting the image. You can also wor3 with drawings directly from within -riter or Fmpress( using a subset of the functions and tools from 2raw. The functionality of $ibre<ffice 2raw is e1tensi)e and( e)en though it was not designed to ri)al high7end graphics applications( it possesses more functionality than the drawing tools that are generally integrated with most office producti)ity suites. * few e1amples of the drawing functions are& layer management( magnetic grid7point system( dimensions and measurement display( connectors for ma3ing organi4ation charts( 32 functions that enable small three7dimensional drawings to be created %with te1ture and lighting effects'( drawing and page7style integration( and 6e4ier cur)es. This chapter introduces some features of 2raw and does not attempt to co)er all of the 2raw features. 5ee the Draw Guide and the application help for more information.
/raw workspace
The main components of the 2raw wor3space are shown in /igure 1A2. The large area in the center of the window is where you ma3e the drawings. You can surround the drawing area with toolbars and information areas. The number and position of the )isible tools )ary with the tas3 in hand and user preferences. Therefore your setup may loo3 different. /or e1ample( many users put the main 2rawing toolbar on the left7hand side of the wor3space and not at the bottom( as shown in /igure 1A2. You can split drawings in 2raw o)er se)eral pages. 0ulti7page drawings are used mainly for presentations. The 'ages pane( on the left side of the 2raw window in /igure 1A2 gi)es an o)er)iew of the pages that you create. Ff the #ages pane is not )isible on your setup( you can enable it from the Hiew menu on the main menu bar %=iew < Page Pane'. To ma3e changes to the page order( Iust drag and drop one or more pages. Fn $ibre<ffice 2raw( the ma1imum si4e of a drawing page is 300 cm by 300 cm.
Lulers
You should see rulers %bars with numbers' on the upper and left7hand sides of the wor3space. Ff they are not )isible( you can enable them by selecting =iew < Luler in the main menu bar. The rulers show the si4e of a selected obIect on the page using double lines %highlighted in /igure 1A3'. -hen no obIect is selected( they show the location of the mouse pointer( which helps to position drawing obIects more accurately. You can also use the rulers to manage obIect handles and guide lines( ma3ing it easier to position obIects. The page margins in the drawing area are also represented on the rulers. You can change the margins directly on the rulers by dragging them with the mouse. The margin area is indicated by the grayed out area on the rulers as shown in /igure 1A3.
)& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
To change the measurement units of the rulers( which can be defined independently, right7clic3 on a ruler( as illustrated for the hori4ontal ruler in /igure 1A=.
(igure )#7: LibreOffice Draw wor2space
(igure )#3: 1ulers showing si.e of a selected obGect
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " )&#
(igure )# : 1uler units
%tatus bar
The 5tatus bar is located at the bottom of the screen in all $ibre<ffice componentsS it includes se)eral 2raw7specific fields. /or details on the contents and use of these fields( see 3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice in this guide and in the Draw Guide 3hapter ) -ntroducing Draw.
(igure )##: Draw status bar

The si4es are gi)en in the current measurement unit and are not to be confused with the ruler units. This current measurement unit is defined in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice /raw < +eneral( where you can also change the scale of the page.
>ote
)oolbars
To display or hide the )arious 2raw toolbars. choose =iew < )oolbars. <n the menu that appears( select which toolbars you want to display. /or more about wor3ing with toolbars( see 3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice in this guide. The tools a)ailable in the 2raw toolbars are e1plained in the following sections. The appearance of the toolbar icons may )ary depending on your operating system and the selection of icon si4e and style in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < =iew.
Standard toolbar
The %tandard toolbar is the same for all $ibre<ffice components and is not described in detail in this chapter.
(igure )#$: Standard toolbar

)&$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
#rawing toolbar
The /rawing toolbar is the most important toolbar in 2raw. Ft contains all the necessary functions for drawing )arious geometric and freehand shapes and for organi4ing them on the page.
(igure )#%: Drawing toolbar
Line and *illing toolbar

The !ine and Filling toolbar lets you modify the main properties of a drawing obIect. The icons and pull7down lists )ary( according to the type of obIect selected. /or e1ample( to change the style of a line( clic3 on the up and down arrows for $ine 5tyle and select the re@uired style.
(igure )#&: Line and (illing toolbar
/ext *or)atting toolbar

Ff the selected obIect is te1t( the $ine and /illing toolbar changes to the )e5t Formatting toolbar( which is similar to the /ormatting toolbar in -riter. /or more information( see 3hapter Getting Started with :riter in this guide.
(igure )#8: *e0t (ormatting toolbar
O&tions toolbar
"se the "ptions toolbar to acti)ate or deacti)ate )arious drawing aids. The <ptions toolbar is not one of the toolbars displayed by default. To display the <ptions toolbar( select =iew < )oolbars < "ptions.
(igure )$!: Options toolbar
Choosing and defining colors

To display the Color bar( select =iew < )oolbars < Color 0ar. The toolbar appears at the bottom of the wor3space and displays the current color palette. This toolbar lets you rapidly choose the color of the )arious obIects %lines( areas( and 32 effects'. The first bo1 in the panel corresponds to in)isible %no color'.
(igure )$): 3olor bar
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " )&%
(igure )$7. 3hanging the color palette You can access se)eral speciali4ed color palettes in 2raw( as well as change indi)idual colors to your own taste. This is done using the *rea dialog by selecting Format < Area on the main menu bar or clic3ing the ?rea icon %/igure 1E2'. on the $ine and /illing toolbar( then selecting the Colors tab
To load another palette( clic3 on the !oad Color !ist icon . The file selector dialog as3s you to choose one of the standard $ibre<ffice palettes %files with the file e1tension *.soc'. /or e1ample( ,eb.soc is a color palette that is adapted to creating drawings for placing in web pages. These colors will display correctly on wor3stations with screens capable of at least 2AE colors. The color selection bo1 also lets you indi)idually change any color by modifying the numerical )alues in the fields pro)ided to the right of the color palette. You can use the color schemes 3nown as C0Y8 %Cyan( 0agenta( Yellow( 6lac3' or . 6 %.ed( reen( 6lue'. Clic3 on the 4dit button to open the Color dialog( where you can set indi)idual colors. 5ee KColor optionsL in 3hapter 7 Setting +p LibreOffice in this guide. /or a more detailed description of color palettes and their options( see the Draw Guide 3hapter )! ?dvanced Draw *echniIues.
/rawing basic shapes

2raw pro)ides a wide range of shapes( located in palettes accessed from the 2rawing toolbar %/igure 1AD' and a full list of these )arious tools is shown in /igure 1E3. The icons or buttons that already installed on the 2rawing toolbar are highlighted in /igure 1E3. This may differ from the tools that are installed on your 2rawing toolbar. This section describes only a few of the basic shapes( which are treated as obIects in 2raw( including te1t. 5ee the Draw Guide for a complete description of the shapes a)ailable. #lease note that some of the icons on the 2rawing toolbar will change according to the shape that has been selected from the choice a)ailable. Fcons with tool palettes a)ailable are indicated by a small triangle to the right of the icon.
)&& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure )$3: *ools available for Drawing toolbar

-hen you draw a basic shape or select one for editing( the -nfo field at the left side in the status bar changes to reflect the present action& for e1ample Line created( *e0t frame 00// selected ( and so on.
>ote
/rawing a straight line

Clic3 on the !ine icon and place the mouse pointer at the point where you want to start the line %/igure 1E='. 2rag the mouse while 3eeping the mouse button pressed. .elease the mouse button at the point where you want to end the line. * selection handle appears at each end of the line( showing that this obIect is the currently selected obIect. The selection handle at the starting point of the line is slightly larger than the other selection handle. 8eeping the Shift 3ey pressed while you draw a line restricts the drawing angle of the line to a multiple of =A degrees %0( =A( B0( 13A( and so on'.
This is the default beha)ior of the Shift 3ey. ,owe)er( if the option :hen creating or moving obGects in the Snap position section of )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice /raw < +rid has been selected( the action of the Shift 3ey is the opposite. $ines will automatically be drawn at a multiple of =A degrees unless the Shift 3ey is pressed.
>ote
8eeping the 3trl 3ey pressed while drawing a line enables the end of the line to snap to the nearest grid point.
This is the default beha)ior of the 3trl 3ey. ,owe)er( if the %nap to +rid option on the =iew < +rid menu has been selected( the 3trl 3ey deacti)ates the snap to grid acti)ity.
>ote
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " )&8
(igure )$ : Drawing a straight line ,olding down the ?lt 3ey while drawing a line results in the line e1tending outwards symmetrically in both directions from the start point. This lets you draw lines by starting from the middle of the line. -hen a line is drawn( it uses default attributes. To change any of these attributes( select the line by clic3ing on it( then right-clic2 and select !ine from the conte1t menu or got to Format < !ine on the main menu bar to open the !ine dialog %/igure 1EA'. $ine style( line width and line color can also be changed using the controls in the $ine and /illing toolbar at the top of the wor3space.
(igure )$#: Line dialog
/rawing an arrow
*rrows are drawn li3e lines. Fn fact 2raw classifies arrows as a subgroup of lines& lines with arrowheads. The information field on the status bar shows them only as lines. Clic3 on the !ine 4nds with Arrow icon to draw an arrow. The arrow head is drawn at the end point of the arrow when you release the mouse button.
Choosing line endings

5e)eral types of line endings %arrows( circles( s@uares( and others' are a)ailable in 2raw. Clic3 on the small triangle to the right of the !ines and Arrows icon on the 2rawing toolbar to open a tool palette containing tools for drawing lines and arrows. *lternati)ely( go to =iew < )oolbars < Arrows to open the *rrows toolbar as a floating toolbar %/igure 1EE'. The icon for the tool used most recently will be shown on the 2rawing toolbar to ma3e it easier to use the same tool again. *fter drawing the line( you can change the arrow style by clic3ing on the Arrowheads icon the $ine and /illing toolbar and select the arrow start and end options. in
(igure )$$: ?rrows toolbar and available tools
/rawing rectangles or s?uares

2rawing a rectangle is similar to drawing a straight line. Clic3 on the Lectangle icon in the 2rawing toolbar. *s you draw the rectangle with the mouse cursor( the rectangle appears with the bottom right corner of the rectangle attached to the cursor. 5@uares are rectangles with all sides of e@ual length. To draw a s@uare( clic3 on the Lectangle icon and hold down the Shift 3ey whilst you draw a s@uare.
Ff the option :hen creating or moving obGects has been selected in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice /raw < +eneral( the action of the Shift 3ey is re)ersed. -hen the .ectangle tool is selected( a s@uare is drawn. To draw a rectangle( you ha)e to press the Shift 3ey when drawing. This Shift 3ey re)ersal also applies when drawing ellipses and circles.
>ote
To draw a rectangle or s@uare from its center rather than the bottom right corner( position your cursor on the drawing( press the mouse button and then hold down the ?lt 3ey while dragging with the cursor. The rectangle or s@uare uses the start point %where you first clic3ed the mouse button' as the center.
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " )8)
/rawing circles or ellipses

To draw an ellipse %also called an o)al'( clic3 on the 4llipse icon on the 2rawing toolbar. * circle is an ellipse with both a1es the same length. To draw a circle( clic3 on the 4llipse icon and hold down the Shift 3ey whilst you draw a circle. To draw an ellipse or circle from its center( position your cursor on the drawing( press the mouse button and then hold down the ?lt 3ey while dragging with the cursor. The ellipse or circle uses the start point %where you first clic3ed the mouse button' as the center.
Ff you first press and hold down the 3trl 3ey and then clic3 on one of the icons for $ine( .ectangle( Cllipse( or Te1t( a standard si4ed obIect is drawn automatically in the wor3 areaS the si4e( shape( and color are all standard )alues. These attributes can be changed later( if desired. 5ee the Draw Guide for more information.
>ote
/rawing curves or polygons

To draw a cur)e or polygon clic3 the Curve icon on the 2rawing toolbar. Clic3 on the triangle to the right of the icon to open the tool palette containing tools that are a)ailable for drawing cur)es and polygons %/igure 1ED'. The icon for the tool used most recently will be shown on the 2rawing toolbar to ma3e it easier to use the same tool again. Ff you mo)e the mouse cursor o)er one of the icons( a tooltip pops up with a description of the function.
,o)ering the mouse pointer o)er this icon gi)es a tooltip of 3urve. Ff you open the floating toolbar( the title is Lines( as shown in /igure 1ED. ,olding down the Shift 3ey when drawing lines with the Cur)e or #olygon tools will restrict the angles between the lines to =A or B0 degrees.
>ote
(igure )$%: 3urves 5Lines6 toolbar and available tools
+urves
Clic3 and hold the left mouse button to create the starting point of your cur)e( then( while holding down the left mouse button( drag from the starting point to draw a line. .elease the left mouse
button and continue to drag the cursor to bend the line into a cur)e. Clic3 to set the end point of the cur)e and fi1 the line on the page. To continue with your line( drag the mouse cursor to draw a straight line. Cach mouse clic3 sets a corner point and allows you to continue drawing another straight line from the corner point. * double clic3 ends the drawing of your line. * filled cur)e automatically Ioins the last point to the first point to close off the figure and fills it with the current standard fill color. * cur)e without filling will not be closed at the end of the drawing.
4ol'gons
Clic3 and draw the first line from the start point with the left mouse button held down. *s soon as you release the mouse button( a line between the first and second points is drawn. 0o)e the cursor to draw the ne1t line. Cach mouse clic3 sets a corner point and allows you to draw another line. * double7clic3 ends the drawing. * filled polygon automatically Ioins the last point to the first point to close off the figure and fills it with the current standard fill color. * polygon without filling will not be closed at the end of the drawing.
4ol'gons 467
$i3e ordinary polygons( these are formed from lines( but the angles between lines are restricted to =A or B0 degrees.
*reefor) lines
"sing the freeform line tools is similar to drawing with a pencil on paper. #ress and hold the left mouse button and drag the cursor to the line shape you re@uire. Ft is not necessary to end the drawing with a double7clic3( Iust release the mouse button and the drawing is completed. Ff /reeform $ine /illed is selected( the end point is Ioined automatically to the start point and the obIect is filled with the appropriate color.
Adding te5t
To acti)ate the te1t tool( clic3 on the )e5t icon for hori4ontal te1t or the =ertical )e5t icon for )ertical script. Ff the Hertical Te1t icon is not )isible( chec3 that the option <nabled for ?sian languages has been selected in )ools < "ptions < !anguage %ettings < !anguages. The Te1t /ormatting toolbar appears %/igure 1AB on page 1;D' when the Te1t icon is selectedS from this toolbar you can select font type( font si4e( and other te1t properties before you start typing your te1t. *fter acti)ating the Te1t command( clic3 at the location where you want to position the te1t. * small te1t frame appears( containing only the cursor. This frame can be mo)ed li3e any other obIect. * te1t frame is also dynamic and grows as you enter te1t. <bser)e the information field in the status bar& it shows that you are editing te1t and also pro)ides details about the current cursor location using paragraph( row( and column numbers %/igure 1E;'. You can insert a line brea3 with the Shift4<nter 3ey combination or start a new paragraph with the <nter 3ey. The insertion of line brea3s or new paragraphs does not terminate te1t editing or deselect the te1t frame. -hen you ha)e finished typing te1t( clic3 outside the te1t frame to cancel adding or editing te1t. Ff you want to edit te1t( double7clic3 on the te1t to open the Te1t /ormatting toolbar and highlight the te1t to start editing.
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " )83
(igure )$&: *e0t information on the Status =ar Te1t properties can also be changed during te1t input( with any changes ta3ing effect from the cursor position onwards. To change the properties for all of the te1t in the te1t frame( you ha)e to highlight all te1t in the te1t frame. You can create raphics styles that you can reuse for other te1t frames. 5elect Format < %tyles and Formatting or press ()) to open the 5tyles and /ormatting dialog. raphics styles affect all of the te1t within a te1t frame. To only format parts of the te1t( use direct formatting with the toolbar. Te1t frames can also ha)e fill colors( shadows( and other attributes( Iust li3e any other 2raw obIect. You can rotate the frame and write the te1t at any angle. These options are a)ailable by right7 clic3ing on the te1t frame itself. Ff you double7clic3 on a graphic obIect( or press (7 or clic3 on the )e5t icon when an obIect is selected( you can add te1t to the graphic obIect. This te1t then becomes part of the graphic obIect. * graphic obIect is not dynamic and does not beha)e li3e a te1t frame. To 3eep te1t within the borders of the obIect( you ha)e to use paragraphs( line brea3s( or smaller te1t si4e( increase the obIect si4e( or combine all four methods. /or more information about te1t( see the Draw Guide 3hapter 7 Drawing =asic Shapes and 3hapter 8 ?dding and (ormatting *e0t.
+lue points and connectors

+lue points
*ll 2raw obIects ha)e glue points( which are not normally displayed. lue points become )isible when the Connectors icon on the 2rawing toolbar is selected. 0ost obIects ha)e four glue points %/igure 1EB'. You can add more glue points and customi4e glue points( using the +lue Points toolbar %/igure 1D0'. o to =iew < )oolbars < +lue Points on to open the toolbar.
(igure )$8: Glue points
(igure )%!: Glue 'oints toolbar and available tools lue points are not the same as the selection handles of an obIect. The handles are for mo)ing or changing the shape of an obIect. lue points are used to fi1 or glue a connector to an obIect so that when the obIect mo)es( the connector stays fi1ed to the obIect. /or a more detailed description on the use of glue points( see the Draw Guide 3hapter 3 :or2ing with ObGects and ObGect 'oints and 3hapter & 3onnectionsF (lowcharts and Organi.ation 3harts.
Connectors
Connectors are lines or arrows whose ends automatically snap to a glue point of an obIect. Connectors are especially useful in drawing organi4ation charts( flow diagrams( and mind7maps. -hen obIects are mo)ed or reordered( the connectors remain attached to a glue point. /igure 1D1 shows an e1ample of two obIects and a connector. 2raw offers a range of different connectors and connector functions. Clic3 on the triangle ne1t to the Connector icon to open the Connectors toolbar %/igure 1D2'. /or a more detailed description of the use of connectors( see the Draw Guide 3hapter & 3onnectionsF (lowcharts and Organi.ation 3harts.
(igure )%): ? connector between two obGects
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " )8#
(igure )%7: 3onnectors toolbar and available tools
/rawing geometric shapes

The icons for drawing geometric shapes are located on the 2rawing toolbar and each geometric shape is e1plained in the following sections. Clic3ing on the triangle to the right of the icon opens a floating toolbar gi)ing access to the tools for that geometric shape.
The use of these tools for geometric shapes is similar to the tool used for drawing rectangles and s@uares. /or more information( see K2rawing basic shapesL on page 1;; and the Draw Guide 3hapter 7 Drawing =asic Shapes .
)ip
>ote
The icons for geometric shapes displayed on the 2rawing toolbar will change shape according to the last tool selected and used to draw an obIect.
0asic shapes
Clic3 on the triangle to the right of the 0asic %hapes icon to open the 0asic %hapes toolbar for drawing basic shapes. This toolbar also includes a rectangle tool identical to the one already displayed on the 2rawing toolbar.
(igure )%3: =asic Shapes toolbar
%ymbol shapes
Clic3 on the triangle to the right of the %ymbol %hapes icon toolbar for drawing symbols. to open the %ymbol %hapes
(igure )% : S/mbol Shapes toolbar
0lock arrows
Clic3 on the triangle to the right of the 0lock Arrows icon for drawing bloc3 arrows. to open the 0lock Arrows toolbar
(igure )%#: =loc2 ?rrows toolbar
Flowcharts
Clic3 on the triangle to the right of the Flowcharts icon to open the Flowchart toolbar for symbols used in drawing flowcharts. The creation of flowcharts( organi4ation charts( and similar planning tools are further described in the Draw Guide 3hapter & 3onnectionsF (lowcharts and Organi.ation 3harts.
(igure )%$: (lowcharts toolbar
Callouts
Clic3 on the triangle to the right of the Callouts icon callouts. to open the Callouts toolbar for drawing
(igure )%%: 3allouts toolbar
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " )8%
%tars and banners

Clic3 on the triangle to the right of the %tars icon drawing stars and banners. to open the %tars and 0anners toolbar for
(igure )%&: Stars and =anners toolbar

You can add te1t to all these geometric shapes. /or more information( see the Draw Guide 3hapter 7 Drawing =asic Shapes and 3hapter )! ?dvanced Draw *echniIues.
>ote
%electing obGects
/irect selection
The easiest way to select an obIect is to clic3 directly on it. /or obIects that are not filled( clic3 on the obIect outline to select it. <ne clic3 selectsS a second clic3 deselects. To select or deselect more than one obIect( hold the shift button down while clic3ing.
%election by framing
You can also select se)eral obIects at once by dragging the mouse cursor around the obIects. This cursor dragging draws a rectangle around the obIects and only obIects that lie entirely within the rectangle will be selected. To select multiple obIects by framing( the %elect icon on the 2rawing toolbar must be acti)e.
>ote
-hen dragging the mouse cursor to select multiple obIects( the selection rectangle being drawn is also 3nown as a mar@uee.
%electing hidden obGects

C)en if obIects are located behind others and not )isible( they can still be selected. ,old down the ?lt 3ey and clic3 on the obIect at the front of where the hidden obIect is located( then clic3 again to select the hidden obIect. Ff there are se)eral hidden obIects( 3eep holding down the ?lt 3ey and clic3ing until you reach the obIect you want. To cycle through the obIects in re)erse order( hold down the ?lt4Shift 3eys and clic3. -hen you clic3 on the selected obIect( its outline will appear briefly through the obIects co)ering it.
"sing the ?lt 3ey method wor3s on computers using a -indows or 0ac operating systems. <n a computer using a $inu1 operating system the *ab 3ey method( described below( has to be used.
>ote
To select an obIect that is co)ered by another obIect using the 3eyboard( use the *ab 3ey to cycle through the obIects( stopping at the obIect you want to select. To cycle through the obIects in
re)erse order( press Shift4*ab. This is a )ery @uic3 way to reach an obIect( but it may not be practical if there a large number of obIects in a drawing.
Arranging obGects
Fn a comple1 drawing( se)eral obIects may be stac3ed on top of one another. To rearrange the stac3ing order by mo)ing an obIect forward or bac3ward( select an obIect( clic3 1odify < Arrange on the main menu bar and select 0ring Forward or %end 0ackward. *lternati)ely( right7clic3 the obIect( select Arrange from the conte1t menu( then 0ring Forward or %end 0ackward. The arrange options are also a)ailable by clic3ing on the small triangle to the right of the Arrange icon on the $ine and /illing toolbar. This opens the Position toolbar gi)ing access to the )arious arrangement options %/igure 1DB'.
(igure )%8: 'osition toolbar and available tools
1oving and adGusting obGect si7e

-hen mo)ing an obIect or changing its si4e( chec3 the left7hand area of the status bar at the bottom of the 2raw window %/igure 1;0'. The area on the left of the 2rawing toolbar( from left to right( shows what obIect is selected( its position on the drawing in N/Y coordinates and dimensions of the obIect. The units of measurement are those selected in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice /raw < +eneral. /or more information on mo)ing and adIusting obIect si4e( see the Draw Guide 3hapter 3 :or2ing with ObGects and ObGect 'oints.
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " )88
(igure )&!: Left end of status bar when moving or adGusting an obGect
1oving obGects
To mo)e an obIect %or a group of obIects'( select it and then clic3 within the obIect borders and hold down the left mouse button while dragging the mouse. 2uring mo)ement( the ghost image of the obIect appears to help with repositioning %/igure 1;1'. To locate the obIect at its new location( release the mouse button.
(igure )&): ;oving an obGect
AdGusting obGect si7e

To change the si4e of a selected obIect %or a group of selected obIects'( mo)e the mouse cursor to one of the selection handles. The mouse cursor will change shape to indicate the direction of mo)ement for that selection handle. *s you change the si4e of the obIect( a ghosted outline of the obIect appears %/igure 1;2'. -hen you ha)e reached the desired si4e of the obIect( release the mouse button. The results depend on which selection handle you use. To resi4e an obIect along one a1is( use a side handle. To resi4e along both a1es( use a corner handle.
(igure )&7: ?dGusting obGect si.e
7!! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Ff you press the Shift 3ey while resi4ing an obIect( the change in si4e will be carried out symmetrically with respect to the two a1es so that the aspect ratio of the obIect remains the same. This Shift 3ey beha)ior wor3s on all selection handles.
>ote
This is the default beha)ior of the Shift 3ey. ,owe)er( if :hen creating or moving obGects has been selected in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice /raw < +rid( the action of the Shift 3ey is re)ersed& that is the aspect ratio will be preser)ed unless the Shift 3ey is pressed.
Lotating and slanting an obGect

/or more information on rotating and slanting an obIect( see the Draw Guide 3hapter 3 :or2ing with ObGects and ObGect 'oints.
Lotating an obGect
To rotate an obIect %or a group of obIects'( select the obIect( then go to rotation mode using one of the following methods&
Clic3 on the obIect again. 2o not double clic3 as this will cancel obIect selection. Clic3 on the .otate icon
on the 2rawing toolbar. .
o to =iew < )oolbars < 1ode and select the .otate icon
The selection handles will change shape and color %/igure 1;3'. *lso a center of rotation point will appear in the center of the obIect. *s you mo)e the mouse cursor o)er the handles the cursor changes shape. The corner handles are for rotating an obIect and the top( bottom and side handles are to slant an obIect.
(igure )&3: 1otating an obGect 0o)e the mouse cursor to one of the corner handles and it normally changes to an arc with an arrow at each end. Clic3 and hold the mouse button( then start to mo)e the cursor to rotate the obIect. * ghost image of the obIect being rotated appears and the current angle of rotation is shown in the status bar.
.otation wor3s differently for 32 obIects because rotation occurs in global a1es and not in a single a1is. 5ee the Draw Guide 3hapter % :or2ing with 3D ObGects for more information.
>ote
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " 7!)
The rotation point is normally located at the center of an obIect. To change the position of the rotation point( clic3 on the obIect with the mouse cursor and drag the obIect until the rotation point is at the desired position. This rotation point can e)en be outside of the obIect.
Ff you press the Shift 3ey while rotating an obIect( rotation will be restricted to 1Af of mo)ement.
>ote
This is the default beha)ior of the Shift 3ey. ,owe)er( if :hen creating or moving obGects has been selected in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice /raw < +rid( the action of the Shift 3ey is re)ersed& that is rotation will be restricted to 1Af of mo)ement unless the Shift 3ey is pressed.
%lanting an obGect
To slant an obIect( use the handles located at the midpoints on the top( bottom and sides of a selected obIect. The mouse cursor changes when it ho)ers o)er one of these midpoint handles. The a1is used for slanting an obIect is the obIect edge directly opposite the midpoint handle being used to slant the obIect. This a1is stays fi1ed in location while the other sides of the obIect mo)e in relation to it as you drag the mouse cursor. Clic3 and hold the mouse button( then start to mo)e the cursor to shear the obIect. * ghost image of the obIect being slanted appears %/igure 1;=' and the current angle of slanting is shown in the status bar.
Ff you press the Shift 3ey while slanting an obIect( slanting will be restricted to 1Af of mo)ement.
>ote
This is the default beha)ior of the Shift 3ey. ,owe)er( if :hen creating or moving obGects has been selected in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice /raw < +rid( the action of the Shift 3ey is re)ersed& that is slanting will be restricted to 1Af of mo)ement unless the Shift 3ey is pressed.
(igure )& : Slanting an obGect
7!7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
4diting obGects
To edit an obIect or change its attributes( such as color or border width( and so on( the $ine and /illing toolbar( the Te1t /ormatting toolbar( or the conte1t menu can be used. 0ore information on editing obIects and changing attributes can be found in the Draw Guide 3hapter 3hanging ObGect ?ttributes.
!ine and Filling toolbar

6y default( the !ine and Filling toolbar in 2raw is placed at the top of the wor3space. ,owe)er( if the $ine and /illing toolbar is not displayed( go to =iew < )oolbars < !ine and Filling on the main menu bar to open the toolbar %/igure 1;A'. The most common obIect attributes can be edited using this toolbar. You can also open the $ine dialog by clic3ing on the !ine icon by clic3ing on the Area icon for access to more formatting options. and the *rea dialog
)e5t Formatting toolbar

-hen you select te1t( the $ine and /illing toolbar automatically changes to show the )e5t Formatting toolbar %/igure 1;E'. You can also open the Te1t /ormatting toolbar by selecting =iew < )oolbars < )e5t Formatting on the main menu bar. The tools on this toolbar will not become acti)e until te1t has been selected.
(igure )&#: Line and (illing toolbar and its available tools
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " 7!3
(igure )&$: *e0t (ormatting toolbar and its available tools
Conte5t menu
-hen an obIect is selected and you right7clic3 on the obIect( a conte1t menu %/igure 1;D' opens that applies to the selected obIect. This conte1t menu pro)ides access to the options a)ailable and allows you to change obIect attributes without ha)ing to open a dialog. 0enu entries with a small arrow on the right7hand side contain a submenu.
(igure )&%: <0ample of a conte0t menu

Formatting lines and borders

Fn $ibre<ffice the term line indicates both a freestanding segment %line'( outer edge of a shape %border'( or an arrow. Fn most cases the properties of the line you can modify are its style %solid( dashed( in)isible( and so on'( its width and its color. 5elect the line you need to format and then use the controls on the $ine and /illing toolbar to change the most common options %highlighted in /igure 1;;'.
(igure )&&: 3ommon line properties 5st/leF colorF width6 Ff you need to fine tune the appearance of a line( choose Format < !ine from the main menu bar( or right7clic3 on the line and select !ine from the conte1t menu( or select the !ine icon from the $ine and /illing toolbar. *ll of these methods open the !ine dialog %/igure 1EA on page 1B0'( where you can set line properties. This dialog consists of three pages& Line( Line St/les( and ?rrow St/les.
Arrows3 arrowheads and line endings

*rrows( arrowheads and other line endings are usually referred to as arrows and can be treated the same as lines when editing and changing attributes. 5elect a line and clic3 on the Arrow %tyle icon from the $ine and /illing toolbar to open the Arrowheads menu %/igure 1;B'. 5e)eral types of arrowheads are a)ailable. Cach end of a line can ha)e a different arrowhead or no arrowhead'. *rrowheads are only applicable to lines and they ha)e no effect on the border of an obIect.
(igure )&8: ?rrowheads menu
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " 7!#
Formatting area fill

The term area fill refers to the inside of an obIect( which can be a uniform color( gradient( hatching pattern( or bitmap %/igure 1B0'. *n area fill can be made partly or wholly transparent. Fn most cases( you will choose one of the standard fill options( which are all a)ailable from the $ine and /illing toolbar. You can also define your own area fills. /or more information on formatting area fill( see the Draw Guide 3hapter 3hanging ObGect ?ttributes.
(igure )8!: Different t/pes of area fill
(sing styles
5uppose that you want to apply the same area fill( line thic3ness( and border to a set of obIects. This repetiti)e process can be greatly simplified by the use of styles. 5tyles allow you to define a formatting template %a style' and then to apply that style to multiple obIects. /or more information on styles( see 3hapter 3 +sing St/les and *emplates in this guide( the :riter Guide 3hapter $ -ntroduction to St/les and the Draw Guide 3hapter 3hanging ObGect ?ttributes.
Positioning obGects
%nap function
Fn 2raw( obIects can be accurately and consistently positioned using the snap function. rid points( snap points and lines( obIect frames( indi)idual points on obIects( or page edges can all be used with the snap function. 5nap function is easier to wor3 with at the highest 4oom )alues that are practical for your display. Two different snap functions can be used at the same timeS for e1ample snapping to a guide line and to the page edge. Ft is recommended( howe)er( to acti)ate only the functions that you really need. /or more detailed information about the snap function( see the Draw Guide 3hapter 3 :or2ing with ObGects and ObGect 'oints and 3hapter )! ?dvanced Draw *echniIues.
%nap to grid
5nap to grid allows you to position an obIect to a grid point %/igure 1B1'. o to =iew < +rid < %nap to +rid on the main menu bar or clic3 on the %nap to +rid icon on the "ptions toolbar to turn on or off the snap to grid function. Ff the <ptions toolbar is not displayed( go to =iew < )oolbars < "ptions on the main menu bar.
7!$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure )8): 'ositioning with snap to grid
#is&la'ing the grid

To display the grid in 2raw or to switch off the grid( go to =iew < +rid < /isplay +rid on the main menu bar or clic3 on the /isplay +rid icon on the <ptions toolbar.
+onfiguring the grid

The resolution( snap and snap position of the grid points can be configured. o to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice /raw < +rid on the main menu bar to open the options dialog for the grid %/igure 1B2'.
Hertical and hori4ontal spacing of the dots in the grid. You can also change the unit of
measurement used in the general 2raw options by going to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice /raw < +eneral.
The resolution is the si4e of the s@uares or rectangles in the grid. Ff the resolution is 1 cm
hori4ontal and 2 cm )ertical( the grid consists of rectangles 2 cm high and 1 cm wide.
5ubdi)isions are additional points that appear along the sides of each rectangle or s@uare
in the grid. <bIects snap to subdi)isions as well as to the corners of the grid.
The pi1el si4e of the snap area defines how close you need to bring an obIect to a snap
point or line before it will snap to it.
The default color of the grid is light gray. To change the color of the grid points( go to )ools
< "ptions < !ibre"ffice < Appearance on the main menu bar.
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " 7!%
(igure )87: 3onfiguring the grid
;elp lines
2raw has help lines to easily allow you to position an obIect using the rulers at the top and left side of the wor3space. To turn on or off the help lines( go to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice /raw < =iew on the main menu bar and select %nap !ines when moving option( or go to the <ptions toolbar and clic3 on the ;elplines ,hile 1oving icon .
Applying special effects

-ith 2raw( you can apply many special effects to obIects and groups of obIects and this section is an introduction to some of these effects. /or more information on special effects can be found in the Draw Guide 3hapter 3hanging ObGect ?ttributes.. To access the tools used for special effects( go to =iew < )oolbars < 1ode %/igure 1B3'. Lotate and Flip can also be accessed by going to 1odify on the main menu bar or by right clic3ing on the obIect and using the conte1t menu.
Flipping obGects
The @uic3est and easiest method to flip an obIect hori4ontally or )ertically is as follows& 1' Clic3 on a graphic obIect and the selection handles will show. 2' .ight7clic3 and select Flip < =ertically or ;ori7ontally( or got to 1odify < Flip < =ertically or ;ori7ontally on the main menu bar and the selected obIect will be flipped to face the other direction. ,owe)er( the Flip tool on the 0ode or 2rawing toolbar can be used to gi)e you greater control o)er the flipping process. "sing the /lip tool allows you to change the position and angle that the obIect flips o)er and this is described in the Draw Guide 3hapter 3hanging ObGect ?ttributes.
7!& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure )83: ;ode toolbar and its available tools
1irror copies
*t the moment there is no mirror command e1isting in 2raw. ,owe)er( mirroring an obIect can be emulated by using the Flip tool and this is described in the Draw Guide 3hapter 3hanging ObGect ?ttributes.
/istorting an obGect
Three tools on the 0ode toolbar let you drag the corners and edges of an obIect to distort the image.
/istort tool
distorts an obIect in perspecti)e. creates a pseudo three7dimensional effect. creates a pseudo three7dimensional effect.
%et to Circle AslantB
%et in Circle AperspectiveB
Fn all three cases you are initially as3ed if you want to transform the obIect to a cur)e. This is a necessary first step( so clic3 Ces. Then you can mo)e the obIect handles to produce the desired effect. 5ee the Draw Guide 3hapter 3hanging ObGect ?ttributes for more information on how to distort an obIect.
/ynamic transparency gradients

You can control transparency gradients in the same manner as color gradients. 6oth types of gradient can be used together. -ith a transparency gradient( the direction and degree of obIect fill color changes from opa@ue to transparent. Fn a regular gradient( the fill changes from one color to another( but the degree of transparency remains the same. The )ransparency and +radient tools on the 0ode toolbar dynamically control transparency and color gradients. 5ee the Draw Guide 3hapter 3hanging ObGect ?ttributes for more information on how to create transparencies and gradients in an obIect.
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " 7!8
/uplication
2uplication ma3es copies of an obIect while applying a set of changes such as color or rotation to the duplicates that are created. 1' Clic3 on an obIect or group of obIects and go to 4dit < Duplicate on the main menu bar or use the 3eyboard shortcut Shift4(3 to open the /uplicate dialog %/igure 1B='. 2' 5elect the re@uired options chosen from the options a)ailable. /or e1ample( when the options in the dialog are applied to a rectangle( they produce the result shown in /igure 1BA.
(igure )8 : Duplicate dialog
(igure )8#: Duplication result
Cross6fading
Cross7fading transforms one obIect shape to another obIect shape and only wor3s when two obIects are selected. 1' 5elect two differently shaped obIects. 2' o to 4dit < Cross6fading on the main menu bar to open the Cross6fading dialog %/igure 1BE'. 3' 5elect ncrements to determine the number of shapes between the two obIects.
7)! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
=' 5elect Cross6fading attributes to apply a gradual change of line and fill properties between the two obIects. A' 5elect %ame orientation to apply a smooth transition between the two obIects. E' Clic3 on "8 and the result is a new group of obIects with the first obIect selected as the start obIect and the second obIect selected as the end obIect. /or e1ample( when the options in the dialog are applied to a rectangle and a triangle( the cross fade produces the result shown in /igure 1BD.
(igure )8$: 3ross-fading dialog
(igure )8%: 3ross-fading result
Combining multiple obGects

"sing 2raw( you can group or combine obIects together allowing you to treat multiple obIects as one unit( or to merge obIects to form a new shape. /or more information( see the 2raw uide 3hapter # 3ombining ;ultiple ObGects. rouping of obIects is similar to putting obIects into a container. You can mo)e the obIects as a group and apply global changes to the obIects within the group. * group can always be undone and the obIects that ma3e up the group can always be manipulated separately. The obIects within a group also retain their own indi)idual properties. Combining obIects is a permanent merging of obIects that creates a new obIect. The original obIects are no longer a)ailable as indi)idual entities and cannot be edited as indi)idual obIects. *ny editing of a combined obIect affects all the obIects that were used when combination was carried out.
+rouping
/e)&orar' grou&ing
* temporary grouping is when se)eral obIects are selected using the 5elect icon on the 2rawing toolbar or using the mouse to drag a rectangle around the obIects %also 3nown as a mar@uee'. *ny changes to obIect parameters you carry out are applied to all of the obIects within the temporary group. /or e1ample( you can rotate a temporary group of obIects in its entirety.
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " 7))
To cancel a temporary grouping of obIects simply clic3 outside of the selection handles displayed around the obIects.
4er)anent grou&ing
* permanent grouping of obIects is created after you ha)e selected your obIects. o to 1odify < +roup on the main menu bar( or right7clic3 on the selection and select +roup from the conte1t menu( or use the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4Shift4G. -hen you deselect your selection( the obIects remain grouped together. -hen obIects are permanently grouped( any editing operations carried out on that group are applied to all members of the group. Ff you clic3 on one member of the group( the whole group is selected. You can edit an indi)idual member of a group without ungrouping or brea3ing the group. 5elect the group and go to 1odify < 4nter +roup( or right clic3 and select 4nter +roup from the conte1t menu( or use the 3eyboard shortcut (3( or double clic3 on the group. -hen you ha)e finished editing an indi)idual member of a group( go to 1odify < 45it +roup( or right clic3 and select 45it +roup from the conte1t menu( or use the 3eyboard shortcut Shift4(3.
ngrou&ing
To ungroup or brea3 apart a group of obIects( select the group then go to 1odify < (ngroup on the main menu bar( or right clic3 and select (ngroup from the conte1t menu or use the 3eyboard shortcut Ctrl4?lt4Shift4G.
Combining obGects
Combining obIects is a permanent merging of obIects that creates a new obIect. The original obIects are no longer a)ailable as indi)idual entities and cannot be edited as indi)idual obIects. *ny editing of a combined obIect affects all the obIects that were used when combination was carried out. 5elect se)eral obIects( then go to 1odify < Combine on the main menu bar( or right clic3 on the obIects and select Combine from the conte1t menu( or use the 3eyboard shortcut 3trl4Shift4L. *fter you ha)e selected your obIects( the 1erge( %ubtract( and ntersect functions also become a)ailable so that you can create a new obIect from your selected obIects. 5ee the Draw Guide 3hapter # 3ombining ;ultiple ObGects for more information on these functions.
Arranging3 aligning and distributing obGects

Fn 2raw you can arrange( align and distribute selected obIects in relation to each other&
*rrange the position of an obIect by mo)ing it either forward or bac3ward in relation to the
order of obIects.
*lign obIects with respect to each other using !eft( Centered( or Light for hori4ontal
alignment and )op( Center or 0ottom for )ertical alignment.
2istribute obIects so that the space between each of the obIects is the same.
5ee the Draw Guide 3hapter # 3ombining ;ultiple ObGects for more information on arranging and aligning obIects in relation to each other.
7)7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
nserting and editing pictures

2raw contains a number of functions for editing pictures or raster graphics %bitmaps'S for e1ample( photos and scanned images. This includes the import and e1port of graphics( and the con)ersion of one graphic format to another. 2raw includes a large range of graphic filters so that it can read and display se)eral graphic file formats. Ft also includes se)eral tools for wor3ing with raster graphics( but does not ha)e the same functionality as speciali4ed graphic programs li3e imp or *dobe #hotoshop. 5ee the Draw Guide 3hapter $ <diting 'ictures for more information. You can add pictures from se)eral sources&
2irectly from a scanner % nsert < Picture < %can' Fmages created by another program( including photographs from a digital camera % nsert <
Picture < From File'
The 2raw alleryS see 3hapter )) GraphicsF the Galler/F and (ontwor2 in this guide for
more information.
,orking with &/ obGects

*lthough 2raw does not match the functionality of the leading drawing or picture editing programs( it is capable of producing and editing )ery good 32 drawings. 2raw offers two types of 32 obIects& 3D bodies and 3D shapes. 2epending on which type you choose( there are different methods of editing of a 32 obIect %rotation( illumination( perspecti)e( and so on' with 32 shapes being simpler to set up and edit than 32 bodies. ,owe)er( 32 bodies currently allow for more customi4ation. 5ee the Draw Guide 3hapter % :or2ing with 3D ObGects for more information.
45porting graphics
2raw sa)es graphics and images in the open source format T.odg. To sa)e a graphic or the entire file in another format( use File < 45port and select a format from the list displayed. The graphic formats that 2raw can e1port and sa)e to are listed in ?ppendi0 = Open SourceF Open StandardsF OpenDocument in this guide. You can also e1port 2raw files to ,T0$( N,T0$( #2/( or /lash. #2/ e1port for modules of $ibre<ffice is described in 3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing of this guide. ,T0$ e1port uses a con)ersion wi4ard that creates as many web pages as there are pages in your 2raw document. You can optionally choose to display pages in frames with a na)igator and set an inde1 page. /or more information( see 3hapter )7 3reating :eb 'ages in this guide.
nserting comments in a drawing

You can insert comments into your drawing using a similar process to the one used in -riter and Calc. 1' o to nsert < Comment on the menu bar. * small bo1 containing your initials appears in the upper left7hand corner of your drawing with a larger te1t bo1 beside it %/igure 1B;'. 2raw automatically adds your name and the date at the bottom of this te1t bo1.
2' Type or paste your comment into the te1t bo1. You can apply basic formatting to parts of the te1t by selecting it( right7clic3ing( and choosing from the conte1t menu. /rom this menu(
3hapter % Getting Started with Draw " 7)3
you can also delete the current comment( all the comments from the same author( or all the comments in the document. 3' You can mo)e the small comment mar3ers to anywhere you wish on the drawing. Typically you might place it on or near an obIect you refer to in the comment.
(igure )8&: -nserting comments =' To show or hide the comment mar3ers( go to =iew < Comments on the main menu bar. A' o to )ools < "ptions < (ser /ata to enter the name you want to appear in the *uthor field of the comment. E' Ff more than one person edits the document( each author is automatically allocated a different bac3ground color.
7) " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase

LibreOfficeMs Database 3omponent
,hat is 0ase9
* data source( or database( is a collection of pieces of information that can be accessed or managed by $ibre<ffice. /or e1ample( a list of names and addresses is a data source that could be used for producing a mail merge letter. * shop stoc3 list could be a data source managed through $ibre<ffice.
$ibre<ffice uses the terms K2ata 5ourceL and K2atabaseL to refer to the same thing( which could be a database such as 0y5J$ or d6ase or a spreadsheet or te1t document holding data.
>ote
This chapter co)ers creating a database( showing what is contained in a database and how the different parts are used by $ibre<ffice. Ft also co)ers using the 6ase component of $ibre<ffice to register other data sources. * data source can be a database( spreadsheet( or te1t document.
>ote
$ibre<ffice 6ase uses the ,5J$ database engine. *ll of the files created by this engine( including the database forms( are 3ept in one 4ipped file.
* database consists of a number of fields that contain the indi)idual pieces of data. Cach table of the database is a group of fields. -hen creating a table( you also determine the characteristics of each field within it. (orms are for data entry into the fields of one or more tables which ha)e been associated with the form. They can also be used for )iewing fields from one or more tables associated with the form. * Iuer/ creates a new table from the e1isting tables based upon how you create the @uery. * report organi4es the information from the fields of a @uery into a document according to your re@uirements.
The database in $ibre<ffice re@uires +a)a .untime Cn)ironment %+.C'. Ff you do not ha)e it on your computer( you can download it from www.Ia)a.com and install it following the instructions on the site. Ft should be +a)a E.0 or higher and D.0 is preferred. Fn $ibre<ffice( use )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < @ava to register +a)a. -indows? )ersion of +.C can not be used( while there are other )ersions that can.
Caution
6ase creates relational databases. This ma3es it fairly easy to create a database in which the fields of the database ha)e relationships with each other. /or e1ample& Consider a database for a library. Ft will contain a field for the names of the authors and another field for the names of the boo3s. There is an ob)ious relationship between the authors and the boo3s they ha)e written. The library may contain more than one boo3 by the same author. This is what is 3nown as a one7to7many relationship& one author and more than one boo3. 0ost if not all the relationships in such a database are one7to7many relationships. Consider an employment database for the same library. <ne of the fields contains the names of the employees while others contain the social security numbers( and other personal data. The relationship between the names and social security numbers is one7to7one& only one social security number for each name. Ff you are ac@uainted with mathematical sets( a relational database can easily be e1plained in terms of sets& elements( subsets( unions( and intersections. The fields of a database are the elements. The tables are subsets. .elationships are defined in terms of unions and intersections of the subsets %tables'. To e1plain how a database wor3s and how to to use it( we will create one for automobile e1penses.
7)$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Planning a database
The first step in creating a database is to as3 yourself many @uestions. -rite them down( and lea)e some space between the @uestions to write the answers later. *t least some of the answers should seem ob)ious after you ta3e some time to thin3. You may ha)e to go through this process a few times before e)erything becomes clear in your mind and on paper. "sing a te1t document for these @uestions and answers ma3es it easier to mo)e the @uestions around( add additional @uestions( or change the answers. ,ere are some of the @uestions and answers F de)eloped before F created a database for automobile e1penses. F had an idea of what F wanted before F started( but as F began as3ing @uestions and listing the answers( F disco)ered that F needed additional tables and fields. -hat are the fields going to be> 0y e1penses di)ided into three broad areas& fuel purchases( maintenance( and )acations. The annual cost for the carGs license plate and dri)erGs license e)ery four years did not fit into any of these. Ft will be a table of its own& license fees. -hat fields fit the fuel purchases area> 2ate purchased( odometer reading( fuel cost( fuel @uantity( and payment method fit. %/uel economy need not be included( as it can be calculated using a @uery.' -hat fields fit the maintenance area> 2ate of ser)ice( odometer reading( type of ser)ice( cost of ser)ice( and ne1t scheduled ser)ice of this type %for e1ample( for oil changes list when the ne1t oil change should be'. 6ut it would be nice if there was a way to write notes. 5o a field for notes was added to the list. -hat fields fit the )acations area> 2ate( odometer reading( fuel %including all the fields of the fuel table'( food %including meals and snac3s'( motel( total tolls( and miscellaneous. 5ince these purchases are made by one of two ban3 cards or with cash( F want a field to state which payment type was used for each item. -hat fields fit into the food category> 6rea3fast( lunch( supper( and snac3s seem to fit. 2o F list all the snac3s indi)idually or list the total cost for snac3s for the day> F chose to di)ide snac3s into two fields& number of snac3s and total cost of snac3s. F also need a payment type for each of these& brea3fast( lunch( supper( and total cost of snac3s. -hat are the fields that are common to more than one area> 2ate appears in all of the areas as does odometer reading and payment type. ,ow will F use this information about these three fields> -hile on )acation( F want the e1penses for each day to be listed together. The date fields suggest a relationship between the )acation table and the dates in each of these tables& fuel and food( This means that the date fields in these tables will be lin3ed as we create the database. The type of payment includes two ban3 cards and cash. 5o we will create a table with a field for the type of payment and use it in list bo1es in the forms.
-hile we ha)e listed fields we will create in the tables of the database( there is one more field that may be needed in a table& the field for the primary 3ey. Fn some tables( the field for the primary 3ey has already been listed. Fn other tables such as the payment type( an additional field for the primary 3ey must be created.
)ip
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 7)%
Creating a new database

To create a new database( choose File < >ew < /atabase from the menu bar( or clic3 the arrow ne1t to the >ew icon on the 5tandard toolbar and select /atabase from the drop down menu. 6oth methods open the 2atabase -i4ard. <n the first page of the 2atabase -i4ard( select Create a new database and then clic3 >e5t. The second page has two @uestions. 0a3e sure the choice for the first @uestion is Ces3 register the database for me and the choice for the second @uestion is "pen the database for editing. Clic3 Finish.
The ( 3ey opens and closes the 2ata 5ource window containing the list of registered databases. You can access this window and its data while using -riter and Calc. Ff the database is not registered( this window does not contain it. 5o( you can not access the database to use in -riter or Calc.
>ote
5a)e the new database with the name ?utomobile. This opens the *utomobile $ibre<ffice 6ase window. /igure 1BB shows part of this window.
(igure )88: 3reating database tables

C)ery time the ?utomobile database is opened( the *utomobile $ibre<ffice 6ase window opens. Changes can then be made to the database. The title for this window is always Xdatabase nameZ $ibre<ffice 6ase.
)ip
Caution
*s you create a database( you should sa)e your wor3 regularly. This means more than sa)ing what you ha)e Iust created. You must sa)e the whole database as well. /or e1ample( when you create your first table( you must sa)e it before you can close it. -hen the table is first sa)ed( it is also made part of the database in memory. <nly when you sa)e the database file do you write the table in the database file.
7)& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Creating database tables

Fn a database( a table stores information for a group of things we call fields. /or e1ample( a table might hold an address boo3( a stoc3 list( a phone boo3 or a price list. * database must ha)e at least one table and may ha)e se)eral. To wor3 with tables( clic3 the *ables icon in the Database list( or press ?lt4a. The three tas3s that you can perform on a table are in the *as2s list %see /igure 1BB'.
(sing the ,i7ard to create a table

-i4ards are designed to do the basic wor3. 5ometimes this is not sufficient for what we wantS in those cases we can use a wi4ard as a starting point and then build upon what it produces. The Table -i4ard in 6ase contains two categories of suggested tables& business and personal. Cach category contains sample tables from which to choose. Cach table has a list of a)ailable fields. -e can delete some of these fields and add other fields. * field in a table is one bit of information. /or e1ample( a price list table might ha)e one field for item name( one for the description( and a third for the price. 5ince none of the fields we need for our *utomobile database are contained in any of the sample wi4ard tables( we will create a simple table using the wi4ard that has nothing to do with our database. This section is merely an e1ercise in e1plaining how the -i4ard wor3s. The -i4ard permits the fields of the table to come from more than one suggested table. -e will create a table with fields from three different suggested tables in the -i4ard.
Caution
C)ery table re@uires a 'rimar/ 2e/ field. %-hat this field does will be e1plained later.' -e will use this field to number our entries and want that number to automatically increase as we add each entry .
Clic3 +se :i.ard to 3reate *able. This opens the Table -i4ard %/igure 200'. %tep 1: %elect fields. -e will use the 3D-3ollection 5ample table in the #ersonal category to select the fields we need. 1' 3ategor/& 5elect 'ersonal. The Sample *ables drop down list changes to a list of personal sample tables. 2' Sample tables& 5elect 3D-3ollection. The ?vailable fields bo1 changes to a list of a)ailable fields for this table. 3' Selected fields& "sing the < button( mo)e the following fields from the ?vailable fields window to the Selected fields window in this order& 3ollection-DF ?lbum*itleF ?rtistF Date'urchasedF (ormatF >otesF and >umberof*rac2s. =' Selected (ields from another sample table. Clic3 6usiness as the Category. 5elect <mplo/ees from the drop down list of sample tables. "se the < button to mo)e the 'hoto field from the ?vailable fields window to the Selected fields window. Ft will be at the bottom of the list directly below the >umberof*rac2s field. A' Ff you ma3e a mista3e in selecting fields( clic3 on the field name in the Selected fields list and use the T button to mo)e it from the Selected fields list bac3 to the ?vailable fields list. E' Ff you ma3e a mista3e in the order of the selected fields( clic3 on the field name that is in the wrong order and use the (p or /own arrow on the right side of the Selected fields list to mo)e the field name to the correct position. D' Clic3 >e5t.
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 7)8
(igure 7!!: Selecting fields for the table %tep $: %et field types and formats. Fn this step you gi)e the fields their properties. -hen you clic3 a field( the information on the right changes. %5ee /igure 201.' You can then ma3e changes to meet your needs. Clic3 each field( one at a time( and ma3e the changes listed below.
(igure 7!): 3hanging field t/pes

Ff any of these fields re@uires a mandatory entry( set <ntr/ reIuired to Ces. * blan3 field will then not be allowed . Fn general( only set <ntr/ reIuired to Ces if something must always be put in that field. 6y default( <ntr/ reIuired is set to >o.
>ote
3ollection-D: Change ?utoDalue from >o to Ces. %e1ample of a mandatory entry' ?lbum*itle& <ntr/ reIuired& $ea)e <ntr/ reIuired as >o( unless all of your music is in albums. Length& "nless you ha)e an album title that e1ceeds 100 characters counting the
spaces( do not change the length.
?rtist& "se the 2efault setting. *nd since music has artists( set <ntr/ 1eIuired to Aes. Date 'urchased& (ield t/pe& default date setting. <ntr/ reIuired should be >o. %You may
not 3now the date.'
>ote
Fn 6ase the ma1imum length of each field must be specified on creation . Ft is not easy to change this later( so if in doubt specify a greater length. 6ase uses HC,*. as the field format for te1t fields. This format uses only the actual number of characters in a field up to the limit set( so a field containing 20 characters will occupy only 20 characters e)en if the limit is set at 100. Two album titles containing 2A and 32 characters respecti)ely will use space for 2A and 32 characters and not 100 characters.
(ormat& <nly change the <ntr/ 1eIuired setting& from >o to Aes. >otes& !o changes are re@uired. >umberof*rac2s& Change the (ield */pe to *in/ -nteger N*->A->*O. Your allowable number
of trac3s will be BBB. 5mall Fnteger V50*$$F!TW would allow BBBBB trac3s if you needed more than BBB trac3s.
'hoto: "se the default settings.

-hen you ha)e finished( clic3 >e5t.
Cach field has a (ield */pe( which must be specified. Types include te1t( integer( date( and decimal. Ff the field is going to ha)e general information in it %for e1ample( a name or a description'( use te1t . Ff the field will always contain a number %for e1ample( a price'( the type should be decimal or another numerical field . The wi4ard pic3s the right field type( so to get an idea of how this wor3s( see what the wi4ard has chosen for different fields.
>ote
%tep &: %et primary key. 1' 2' 3' =' A' 3reate a primar/ 2e/ should be chec3ed. 5elect option +se an e0isting field as a primar/ 2e/. Fn the (ieldname drop down list( select 3ollection-D. Chec3 ?uto value if it is not already chec3ed. Clic3 >e5t.
* primary 3ey uni@uely identifies an item %or record' in the table . /or e1ample( you might 3now two people called K.andy ,erringL or three people li)ing at the same address and the database needs to distinguish between them.
>ote
The simplest method is to assign a uni@ue number to each one& number the first person 1( the second 2( and so on . Cach entry has one number and e)ery number is different( so it is easy to say Krecord F2 1D2L. This is the option chosen here& CollectionF2 is Iust a number assigned automatically by 6ase to each record of this table.
%tep *: Create the table. 1' Ff desired( rename the table at this point. Ff you rename it( ma3e the name meaningful to you. /or this e1ample( ma3e no changes. 2' $ea)e the option -nsert data immediatel/ chec3ed. 3' Clic3 Finish to complete the table wi4ard. Close the window created by the table wi4ard. You are now bac3 to the main window of the database with the listing of the tables( @ueries( forms( and reports. !otice that a table named KC27CollectionL is now listed in the Tables portion of the window.
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 77)
Creating a table by copying an existing table

Ff you ha)e a large collection of music( you might want to create a table for each type of music you ha)e. .ather than creating each table from the wi4ard( you can ma3e copies of the original table( naming each according to the type of music contained in it. 1' Clic3 on the )ables icon in the 2atabase pane to see the e1isting tables. 2' .ight7clic3 on the 3D-3ollection table icon. Choose Copy from the pop7up menu. 3' 0o)e the mouse pointer below this table( right7clic3( and select Paste. The Copy table dialog opens. =' Change the table name to 'op and clic3 >e5t. A' Clic3 the << button to mo)e all the fields from the left bo1 to the right bo1 and clic3 >e5t. E' 5ince all the fields already ha)e the proper /ield type( no changes should be needed. ,owe)er( this is the time and place to ma3e any changes if they are needed. %5ee Caution below for the reason why.' Clic3 Create. The new table is created.
<nce tables ha)e been created using the wi4ard( and data has been entered( editing them should be )ery limited. /ields can be added or deleted( but adding a field re@uires you to enter the data for that one field for e)ery e1isting record with an entry for that field. 2eleting a field deletes all the data once contained in that field. Changing the field type of a field can lead to data being lost either partially or completely. -hen creating a new table( it pays to create the fields with the correct names( length( and format before you add any data. 2eleting a table remo)es all of the data contained in e)ery field of the table. "nless you are sure( do not delete a table.
Caution
Creating tables in /esign =iew

2esign Hiew is a more ad)anced method for creating a new table( in which you directly enter information about each field in the table. -e will use this method for the tables of our database.
>ote
-hile the (ield t/pe and formatting are different in Design Diew( the concepts are the same as in the -i4ard.
The first table to be created is (uel. Fts fields are (uel-DF DateF (uel3ostF (uel9uantit/F Odometer( and 'a/ment*/pe. 1' Clic3 Create Table in 2esign Hiew. 2' (uel-D field& Type (uel-D as the first /ield !ame. #ress the *ab 3ey to mo)e to the /ield Type column. 5elect -nteger N->*<G<1O as the /ield Type from the drop down list. %The default setting is Te1t VH*.C,*.W.'
* shortcut for selecting from the /ield Type drop down list& press the 3ey for the first letter of the choice. You can cycle through the choices for a gi)en letter by repeatedly pressing that 3ey.
)ip
a' Change the /ield #roperties in the bottom section. Change ?utoDalue from >o to Aes.
b' 5et (uel-D as the 'rimar/ 2e/. .ight7clic3 on the green triangle to the left of (uel-D %/igure 202' and choose 'rimar/ Le/ from the menu. This places a 3ey icon in front of (uel-D.
(igure 7!7: Defining the primar/ 2e/ field

The primary 3ey ser)es only one purpose& to identify the record uni@uely. *ny name can be used for this field. -e ha)e used (uel-D for con)enience( so we 3now to which table it belongs.
>ote
3' *ll other fields %DateF (uel3ostF (uel9uantit/F Odometer( and 'a/ment*/pe'& a' Type the ne1t field name in the /ield !ame column. b' 5elect the /ield Type for each field. g /or Date use 2ateV2*TCW. %#ress the D 3ey to select it.' *ll other fields use !umber V!"0C.FCW. %#ress the > 3ey once to select it.' (uel3ost( (uel9uantit/( and Odometer need changes in the /ield #roperties section %/igure 203'. g (uel9uantit/& Change Length to E and Decimal places to 3. %0any fuel pumps measure fuel to thousandths of a gallon in the "5*( where F li)e.'
g g
'a/ment*/pe uses Te1t VH*.C,*.W( the default setting.
c'
g g
Odometer& Change the Length to 10 and the Decimal places to 1. (uel3ost& Change the $ength to A and 2ecimal places to 2. Clic3 the (ormat e0ample button %/igure 203'. This opens the /ield /ormat window %/igure 20='. "se 3urrenc/ as the Category and your currency as the /ormat. 0y currency has two decimal places. "se what is appropriate for yours.
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 773
(igure 7!3: 3hanging field properties
(igure 7! : (ield (ormat options =' To access additional formatting options( clic3 the button to the right of the /ormat e1ample field. A' Description can be anything( or can be left blan3. E' To sa)e and close the table( choose File < %ave. !ame the table (uel. Close the /uel table. /ollow the same steps to create the Dacations table. The fields and their field types are listed in /igure 20A. 0a3e sure you ma3e the 2ate field the primary 3ey before closing. %.ight7clic3 the gray bo1 to the left of 2ate and select Primary key from the menu.' 5a)e the table and name it Dacations. Close the Hacations table.
(igure 7!#: (ields in Dacations table
/efining relationships
!ow that the tables ha)e been created( what are the relationships between our tables> This is the time to define them based upon the @uestions we as3ed and answered in the beginning. -hen on )acation( we want to enter all of our e1penses at once each day. 0ost of these e1penses are in the Hacations table( but the fuel we buy is not. 5o we will lin3 these two tables using the 2ate fields. 5ince the /uel table may ha)e more than one entry per date( this relationship between the Hacations and /uel tables is one to many %it is designated 1&n.' The /uel and 0aintenance tables do not really ha)e a relationship e)en though they share similar fields& 2ate and <dometer.
)ip
*s you create your own databases( you will also need to determine where tables are related and how.
1' To begin defining relationships( choose )ools < Lelationships. The *utomobile $ibre<ffice 6ase& .elation 2esign window opens and the *dd Tables dialog pops up. %You can also open it by clic3ing the *dd Tables icon on the .elation 2esign window.' 2' <n the *dd Tables dialog( use either of these ways to add a table to the .elation 2esign window& <r( clic3 the name of the table and then clic3 Add for each table. 3' Clic3 Close to close the *dd Tables dialog when you ha)e added the tables you want.
2ouble7clic3 the name of the table. Fn our case( do this for both Dacations and (uel.
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 77#
=' You can define the relationship between the Hacations and /uel tables in two ways&
Clic3 and drag the Date field in the /uel table to the Date field in the Hacations table. -hen you release the mouse button( a connecting line forms between the two date fields. <r( clic3 the >ew Lelation icon. This opens the .elations window %/igure 20D'. <ur two tables are listed in the *ables involved section. a' Fn the (ields involved section( clic3 the drop down list under the /uel label. b' 5elect Date from the /uel table list. c' Clic3 in the cell to the right of this drop down list. This opens a drop down list for the Hacations table. d' 5elect Date from the Hacations table list. Ft should now loo3 li3e /igure 20D. e' Clic3 "8.
(igure 7!$: Designation for a ):n relationship
(igure 7!%: Selected fields in a relationship A' 0odifying the +pdate options and Delete options section of the .elation window. a' .ight7clic3 the line connecting the 2ate fields in the two table lists to open a menu. b' 5elect 4dit to open the .elations dialog %/igure 20;'.
(igure 7!&: +pdate options and Delete options section c' 5elect (pdate cascade.
d' e'
5elect /elete cascade. Clic3 "8 to close the .elations dialog and choose File < %ave to sa)e the .elation 2esign window.
-hile these options are not strictly necessary( they do help. ,a)ing them selected permits you to update a table that has a relationship defined with another table which has been modified. Ft also permits you to delete a field from the table without causing inconsistencies.
Creating a database form

2atabases are used to store data. 6ut( how is the data put into the database> /orms are used to do this. Fn the language of databases( a form is a front end for data entry and editing.
(igure 7!8: (ields of a simple form
(igure 7)!: Simple form with additions
* simple form consists of the fields from a table %/igure 20B'. 0ore comple1 forms can contain much more( including additional te1t( graphics( selection bo1es( and many other elements. /igure 210 is made from the same table with a te1t label %/uel #urchases'( a list bo1 placed in #aymentType( and a graphic bac3ground. * list bo1 is useful when a field contains a fi1ed choice of options. Ft sa)es you from ha)ing to type in data by hand( and ensures that in)alid options are not entered. Fn our database( payments for food or fuel might be made from one of two credit cards %2an or 8e)in' or in cash( so these would be the a)ailable options for all bo1es that contain payments. To create a list bo1( we first need to create a small( separate table containing the options. This is then lin3ed to the corresponding field in the form. The topic is dealt with in detail in the 6ase "ser uide and will not be pursued further here.
(sing the ,i7ard to create a form

-e will use the /orm -i4ard to create a Hacations form( which will contain a form and a subform Fn the main database window %/igure 1BB'( clic3 the Forms icon in the left column. Fn the Tas3s list( double7clic3 (se ,i7ard to Create Form to open the /orm -i4ard %/igure 211'. 5imple forms re@uire only some of these steps( while more comple1 forms may use all of them. %tep 1: %elect fields. 1' "nder Tables or @ueries( select Table& Hacations. ?vailable fields lists the fields for the Hacations table. 2' Clic3 the right double arrow to mo)e all of these fields to the (ields in the form list. Clic3 >e5t.
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 77%
(igure 7)): (orm :i.ard steps %tep $: %et up a subform 5ince we ha)e already created a relationship between the /uel and Hacations tables( we will use that relationship. Ff no relationship had been defined( this would need to be done in step =. 1' Clic3 the bo1 labeled ?dd 5ubform 2' Clic3 5ub form based upon e0isting relation. 3' /uel is listed as a relation we want to add. 5o clic3 /uel to highlight it( as in /igure 212. Clic3 >e5t.
(igure 7)7: ?dding a subform %tep &: Add subform fields. This step is similar to step 1. The only difference is that not all of the fields will be used in the subform. 1' /uel is preselected under *ables or Iueries. 2' "se the << button to mo)e all the fields to the right. 3' Clic3 the /uelF2 field to highlight it. =' "se the T button to mo)e the /uelF2 to the left %/igure 213'. A' Clic3 >e5t.
(igure 7)3: Selecting fields of a sub form %tep *: +et Goined fields. This step is for tables or @ueries for which no relationship has been defined. 6ecause we ha)e already defined the relationship( the wi4ard s3ips this step.
>ote
Ft is possible to create a relationship between two tables that is based upon more than one pair of fields. ,ow to do that and why is discussed in the =ase Guide.
-hen selecting a pair of fields from two tables to use as a relationship( they ha)e to ha)e the same field type. That is why we used the 2ate field from both tables& both their field types are 2ateV2*TCW.
Caution
-hether a single pair of fields from two tables are chosen as the relationship or two or more pairs are chosen( certain re@uirements must be met for the form to wor3.
!o field from the subform can be the #rimary 3ey for its table. %/uelF2 cannot be
used.'
Cach pair of Ioined fields must ha)e the same file type. <ne of the fields from the main form must be the #rimary 3ey for its table. %2ate
would ha)e to be used.'
%tep ': Arrange controls. * control in a form consists of two parts& label and field. This step in creating the form determines where a controlGs label and field are placed relati)e to each other. The four choices from left to right are 3olumnar left( 3olumnar - Labels on top( *s Data Sheet( and -n =loc2s - Labels ?bove. 1' *rrangement of the main form& Clic3 the second icon %3olumnar - Labels on top'. The labels will be placed abo)e their field. 2' *rrangement of the sub form& Clic3 the third icon %?s Data Sheet'. %The labels are column headings and the field entries are in spreadsheet format.' Clic3 >e5t. %tep .: %et data entry. "nless you ha)e a need for any of these entries to be chec3ed( accept the default settings. Clic3 >e5t. %tep #: Apply styles. 1' 5elect the color you want in the ?ppl/ St/les list. %F chose the beige which is <range = in the Color table.' 2' 5elect the /ield border you want. %F prefer the 32 loo3. You might want to e1periment with the different possible settings.' 3' Clic3 >e5t. %tep -: %et name. 1' Cnter the name for the form. Fn this case( it is (uel. 2' Clic3 ;odif/ the form. 3' Clic3 Finish. The form opens in Cdit mode.
1odifying a form
-e will be mo)ing the controls to different places in the form and changing the bac3ground to a picture. -e will also modify the label for the #aymentType field as well as change the field to a list bo1. /irst( we must decide what we want to change. The discussion will follow this outline of our planned changes.
#ro)ide a drop7down capability for the 2ate field in the main form( and lengthen the field to
show the day of the wee3( month( day( and year.
5horten the length of the payment fields %all fields containing the word #ayment'. 0o)e the controls into groups& food( fuel subform( and miscellaneous. Change the wording of some of the labels. 5ome single words should be two words. 5ome
abbre)iations should be used if possible %0isc. for miscellaneous'.
Change the lengths of se)eral fields and labels. <nly $unch( 5upper( 0otel( and Tolls ha)e
acceptable lengths. 6ut for a better appearance( changes will be made to these as well.
$engthen the !ote field )ertically( add a scroll bar( and mo)e it. 0a3e changes in the 2ate and #aymentType columns of the subform to match the
changes in the main form.
*dd headings for each group in the main form. Change the bac3ground to a picture( then modify some of the labels so that they can be
read clearly against this bac3ground.
Change the font color of the headings.

,ere are some methods that we will be using in these steps. The controls in the main form consist of a label and its field. 5ometimes we want to wor3 with the entire control( sometimes with only the label or the field( and there are times when we want to wor3 with a group of controls.
Clic3ing a label or field selects the entire control. * border appears around the control with
eight green handles. You can then drag and drop it where you want.
(igure 7) : ? selected control
3ontrol4clic2 a label or field selects only the label or the field. You can press the *ab 3ey to
change the selection from the field to the label or the label to the field.
(igure 7)#: Selecting a field of a control
0o)ing a group of controls is almost as easy as mo)ing one of them.

1' 2' 3' Clic3 the field of the top left control to be mo)ed( to select it. 0o)e the cursor to Iust abo)e and to the left of the selected control. 2rag the cursor to the bottom right of the group of controls and release the mouse button.
*s you drag the cursor( a dashed bo1 appears( showing what is contained in your selection. 0a3e sure it is big enough to include the entire length of all the controls. -hen you release the mouse button( a border with its green handles appears around the controls you selected.
(igure 7)$: Selecting multiple controls 0o)e the cursor o)er one of the fields. Ft changes to a drag icon. 2rag the group of controls to where you want them.
Clic3 the Tolls control to select it. Then drag it to the right close to the $unch control.
-hen either changing si4e or mo)ing a control( two properties of the /orm 2esign toolbar should be selected& Snap to Grid( and Guides when ;oving. Your controls will line up better( and an outline of what you are mo)ing mo)es as the cursor mo)es. You should also ha)e both rulers acti)e % =iew < Luler'.
)ip
%tep 1: Change the /ate field. 1' 3ontrol4clic2 the 2ate field to select it. 2' 0o)e the cursor o)er the middle green handle on the right side. Ft should change to a double7headed arrow.
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 73)
3' ,old the left mouse button down as you drag the cursor to the right until the length is E cm. The )ertical dashed line is lined up with the E. .elease the mouse button. =' Clic3 the Control icon in the /orm Controls toolbar. Ff it is not )isible( choose =iew < )oolbars < Form Controls. The 'roperties: Date (ield window opens. Cach line contains a property of the field.
(igure 7)%: (orm 3ontrols toolbar
5croll down to the Date format property. This is a drop down list with 5tandard %short' as the default setting. Clic3 it to open the list. 5elect the Standard 5long6 entry. 5croll down to the Drop down property. Fts default setting is !o. Ft is also a drop down list. Clic3 to open the list. 5elect Aes.
To see what the 2ate field will loo3 li3e( clic3 the Form 1ode "nD"ff icon %the second icon from the left in /igure 21D'. You can do this any time you want to see the form with the changes you ha)e made.
)ip
%tep $: %horten the width of some fields. *ll of the fields with a label containing the word payment are too wide. They need to be shortened before the controls are mo)ed.
(igure 7)&: Selecting a field 1' 3ontrol4clic2 the 6#ayment field. 2' 0o)e the cursor o)er the middle green handle on the right. The cursor becomes a double7 headed arrow. 3' 2rag the cursor to the left until the field is 2.A cm %1 inch' wide. =' .epeat these steps to shorten these fields& $payment( 5#ayment( 5n#ayment( 0payment( and 0isc#ayment.
Ff you ha)e the Snap to Grid and Guides when moving icons selected in the 2esign /ormat toolbar( you will see how wide the field is as you shorten it.
)ip
%tep &: 1ove the controls to group them by category. -e want to mo)e the controls so that they loo3 li3e /igure 21B. 1' Clic3 the first control you want to mo)e. * border appears around the control with eight green handles. 2' 0o)e the cursor o)er the label or field of the control. Ft changes shape to a drag icon. 3' 2rag and drop the control to where you want it. =' "se the same steps to mo)e the rest of the controls to where they belong.
(igure 7)8: 'ositioning of controls
Caution
2o not use 3ontrol4clic2 when mo)ing a field. Ft mo)es either the field or the label but not both. To mo)e both( use a plain mouse clic2 and drag to the desired spot.
%tep *: Change the label wording. (ield names have been reIuired to be single words for some time. ,owe)er( the labels for the fields in a form can be more than one word. 5o we will change them by editing the te1t in the label. 1' 3ontrol4clic2 the 5nac3!o label. 2o one of the following& <r clic3 the Control icon in the /orm Control toolbar %/igure 21D'. 2' The dialog that opens is labeled #roperties& $abel /ield. Ft contains all the properties of the selected label. Close the #roperties dialog. 3' "se the same procedure to change these labels as well& 6#ayment to #ayment( $#ayment to #ayment( 5#ayment to #ayment( 0iscellaneous to 0isc.( 5nac3Cost to 5nac3 Cost( 0#ayment to #ayment( 0isc#ayment to 0isc. #ayment( and 0isc!otes to 0isc. !otes.
You can modify all of the listings in the #roperties window. /or e1ample( if you change the *lignment from $eft to Center( the word or words in the label are centered within the label. -hen you ha)e some time( you might want to e1periment with different settings Iust to see the results you get.
.ight7clic3 the 5nac3!o label and select Control from the pop7up menu.
Fn the $abel selection( edit the label to 5nac3 !o.
)ip
%tep ': Change the widths of the labels and fields. -e want the following controls to be 2 cm wide %0.; inches'& 6rea3fast( $unch( 5upper( <dometer( 5nac3 !o.( Tolls( 5nac3 Cost( 0otel( and 0isc. *ll of the payment fields were changed in step 2( but 0isc. #ayment needs to be changed to 3 cm %1.2 inches'. 1' .ight7clic3 6rea3fast and choose Position and %i7e. <n the #osition and 5i4e dialog( change -idth to 2 cm. 2' .epeat for the other listed controls( using 3 cm for 0isc.#ayment.
-hen changing the position or si4e of an entire control( use the #osition and 5i4e dialog or the drag and drop method.
Caution
-hen wor3ing with either the label or the field %but not both at the same time'( you can use the #roperties dialog to ma3e these changes when you want to be e1act. ,owe)er( you need to be careful not to accidentally select the entire control for use with the #roperties dialog or you will apply e1actly the same )alues to both the label and field. /or e1ample( if you enter the )alues for a new position( both the field and the label mo)es to the same position and the field is positioned on top of the label. Then you will ha)e to mo)e each of them to where you really want them. To open the #roperties window( right7clic3 a control and select Control from the pop7up menu. <r( you can clic3 the Control icon in the (orm 3ontrols toolbar. +ust be careful( and use 3ontrol4@ to undo any mista3es you may ma3e. 2etailed instructions on how to use the #roperties window are gi)en in the =ase Guide.
>ote
%tep .: Change the 1isc. >otes field. -e want the 0isc. !otes control( which has a field type of 0emo( to ha)e a )ertical scroll bar for additional te1t space if desired.
(igure 77!: Scroll bar selections in the 'roperties window 1' 3ontrol4clic2 the ;isc. >otes field. The green handles should surround the field but not its label. 2' Clic3 the Control icon to open the #roperties window %/igure 220'. 3' 5croll down to the Te1t type property with single7line as the default )alue. Change it to 0ulti7line. =' 5croll down to the Scrollbars setting. Change the selection from >one to Dertical in this list. A' Close the #roperties window. %<sc 3ey' E' $engthen the 0isc. !otes field by mo)ing the cursor o)er the middle green handle at the bottom of the field and dragging down until the length is E cm %2.= inches'.
%tep #: Change labels and fields in the subform The subform is located at the bottom of the form. -e want to widen the 2ate column( and change the label for the #aymentType column to two words.
To widen the 2ate column( mo)e the mouse pointer o)er the di)iding line between the 2ate
and /uelCost columns. -hen the pointer changes shape( clic3 and drag to mo)e the di)ider to the right.
To change the #aymentType column& .ight7clic3 the label #aymentType to open the menu. 5elect Column to open the #roperties dialog. Fn the Label property( change
#aymentType to #ayment Type.
Close the #roperties dialog.
%tep -: Add headings to groups. This step is easier to do if you ha)e end7of7paragraph mar3ers )isible. Choose =iew < >on printing Characters to turn them on.
(igure 77): ?ppl/ St/les list 1' 0a3e sure the cursor is in the upper left corner. Ff it is not( clic3 in that corner to mo)e it there. 2' #ress the <nter 3ey to mo)e the cursor down to the space between the 2ate field and the 6rea3fast field. 3' Change the ?ppl/ St/les drop down list from Default to Ceading 7. =' "se the spacebar to mo)e the cursor to where you want the heading to start. A' Type the heading ;eals. E' "se the spacebar to mo)e the cursor to the center of snac3 area. D' Type the heading Snac2s. ;' "se the <nter 3ey to mo)e the cursor between the 5upper control and the subform. B' "se the spacebar to mo)e the cursor to the center of the subform. 10' Type the heading (uel Data.
Ff you 3now how to use styles( you can open the 5tyles and /ormatting window using ()). .ight7clic3ing the ,eading 2 paragraph style allows you to modify the appearance of all three headings. 5ee Chapter E of the :riter Guide for details.
>ote
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 73#
%tep 9: Change the background of a form. The bac3ground for a form can be a color( or a graphic %picture'. You can use any of the colors in the Color Table at )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < Colors. Ff you 3now how to create custom colors( you can use them. You can also use a picture %graphic file' as the bac3ground. 1' .ight7clic3 the form to open a conte1t menu. 2' 5elect Page. 3' 0a3e sure the =ac2ground tab has been selected. %Ft will be in bold type while the other tabs will be in default type.'
(igure 777: 'age st/le dialog =' Clic3 Light c/an. %5econd row( fourth column from the left.' A' Clic3 Apply to see the effects of adding the color. <.( clic3 "8 to close the dialog.
)ip
$earning how to use styles can be )ery helpful at times. 6y using styles( we changed the font color for all three headings at one time. There are other methods of changing the font color( but they re@uire repeating the same steps for each heading.
E' To add a graphic to the bac3ground& a' Clic3 the allery tool %circled in red'. The gallery window opens.
b'
c' d'
5elect the graphic you want to use. %F ha)e done these steps selecting pebble7light.' i' 6rowse through the choices. ii' .ight7clic3 your choice. iii' nsert < 0ackground < Page Clic3 the allery tool to close the gallery window. The form should loo3 li3e /igure 223.
(igure 773: (inished form %tep 12: Change the tab order. The *ab 3ey mo)es the cursor from field to field. This is much easier to do than to clic3 each field to enter data into it. Ft also permits us to group our e1penses into areas before we begin entering data. /or e1ample( all of our meal receipts can be grouped together as can our snac3s and also our fuel purchases.
(igure 77 : (orm Design toolbar with ?ctivation Order icon circled 1' 3ontrol4clic2 the 2ate field. 2' Clic3 the Form /esign icon in the /orm Controls toolbar to open the /orm 2esign toolbar %/igure 22='( or choose =iew < )oolbar < Form /esign to open this toolbar. 3' Clic3 the Activation "rder icon %circled'. =' .earrange the order of the fields in the Tab <rder window. a' /ind the t1t0#ayment listing near the bottom of the list and clic3 it. b' Clic3 the 1ove (p button until t1t#ayment is Iust below fmt0otel. c' "se the same two steps to put the fields in the same order as in /igure 22A. Clic3 "8. A' 5a)e and close the form. E' 5a)e the database.
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 73%
(igure 77#: *ab order for the main form
Creating forms and sub forms in /esign =iew

This method re@uires using the (orm 3ontrols and (orm Design toolbars e1tensi)ely. These techni@ues are beyond the scope of this document. Fnstructions for creating forms using 2esign )iew will be described in the Database Guide.
Accessing other data sources

$ibre<ffice allows data sources to be accessed and then lin3ed into $ibre<ffice documents. /or e1ample( a mail merge lin3s an e1ternal document containing a list of names and addresses into a letter( with one copy of the letter being generated for each entry. To access a data source that is not a T.odb file& 1' File < >ew < /atabase opens the Database :i.ard window. 2' 5elect Connect to an e5isting database. Clic3 the arrow ne1t to the Database t/pe field and select the database type from the drop down list. Clic3 >e5t. 3' Clic3 =rowse and select the database. Clic3 >e5t. =' *ccept the default settings& 1egister the database for meF and Open the database for editing. Clic3 Finish. !ame and sa)e the database in the location of your choice.
Caution
<ne of the choices a)ailable when you select 3onnect to an e0isting database is LD?' ?ddress =oo2. 6eginning with $ibre<ffice =.0.0( this option no longer wor3s.
Accessing a spreadsheet as a data source

*ccessing a spreadsheet is similar to accessing other databases& 1' Choose File < >ew < /atabase. 2' 5elect 3onnect to an e0isting database. 5elect Spreadsheet as the Database t/pe.
3' Clic3 0rowse to locate the spreadsheet you want to access. Ff the spreadsheet is password protected( chec3 the 'assword reIuired bo1. Clic3 >e5t. =' Ff the spreadsheet re@uires a users name( enter it. Ff a password is also re@uired( chec3 its bo1. Clic3 >e5t.
"sing this method of accessing a spreadsheet( you cannot change anything in the spreadsheet. You can only )iew the contents of the spreadsheet( run @ueries( and create reports based upon the data already entered into the spreadsheet.
>ote
*ll changes in a spreadsheet must be made in the spreadsheet itself( using Calc. *fter modifying the spreadsheet and sa)ing it( you will see the changes in the database. Ff you create and sa)e an additional sheet in your spreadsheet( the database will ha)e a new table the ne1t time you access it.
Legistering U.odb databases

2atabases created by $ibre<ffice are in the T.odb %<pen2ocument 6ase' format. <ther programs can also produce databases in this format. .egistering a T.odb database is simple& 1' 2' 3' =' A' Choose )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice 0ase < /atabases. "nder 1egistered databases( clic3 >ew. 6rowse to where the database is located. 0a3e sure the registered name is correct. Clic3 "8.
5ometimes when updating $ibre<ffice to a newer )ersion( your list of registered database files disappears. -hen that happens( you need to use these steps to register your database files with your latest )ersion of $ibre<ffice.
>ote
(sing data sources in !ibre"ffice

,a)ing registered the data source( whether a spreadsheet( te1t document( e1ternal database or other accepted data source( you can use it in other $ibre<ffice components including -riter and Calc.
=iewing data sources

<pen a document in -riter or Calc. To )iew the data sources a)ailable( press ( or select =iew < /ata %ources from the pull7down menu. This brings up a list of registered databases( which will include 6ibliography and any other database registered( such as the *utomobile database created earlier in this chapter. To )iew each database( clic3 on the to the left of the databaseGs name %see /igure 22E'. This brings up Tables and Jueries. Clic3 on the ne1t to Tables to )iew the indi)idual tables created. !ow clic3 on a table to see all the records held in it.
(igure 77$: Databases
4diting data sources

5ome data sources %but not spreadsheets' can be edited in the 2ata Hiew window. * record can be edited( added( or deleted. =iew a tablePs data Ff you clic3 on a table its rows and columns of data appear on the right side of the 2ata 5ource window. Cditing this data re@uires only a clic3 in the cell whose data should be changed( change the data( and clic3 in the row abo)e or below it to sa)e the new data. 6eneath the records are fi)e tiny buttons. The first four mo)e bac3wards or forwards through the records( or to the beginning or end. The fifth button( with a small star( inserts a new record.
(igure 77%: Diew Data Sources navigation buttons To delete a record( right7clic3 on the gray bo1 to the left of a row to highlight the entire row( and select /elete Lows to remo)e the selected row.
(igure 77&: Deleting a row in the Data Diew window
!aunching 0ase to work on data sources

You can launch $ibre<ffice 6ase at any time from the 2ata 5ource window. +ust right7clic3 on a database or its Tables or Jueries icons and select 4dit /atabase File. <nce in 6ase( you can edit( add( and delete tables( @ueries( forms( and reports.
(sing data sources in ,riter and Calc

2ata can be placed into -riter and Calc documents from the tables in the data source window. Fn -riter( )alues from indi)idual fields can be inserted. <r a complete table can be created in the -riter document. <ne common way to use a data source is to perform a mail merge.
/igure 22B& Toolbar for the 2ata 5ources window
7 ! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
)ip
Choosing )ools < 1ail 1erge ,i7ard or clic3ing on the 0ail 0erge icon %circled in red' in the 2ata 5ources window launches the 0ail 0erge wi4ard which steps you through creating a mail merge document. 5ee Chapter 11 in the :riter Guide.
Writer docu)ents
To insert a field from a table opened in the data source window into a -riter document( clic3 on the field name %the gray s@uare at the top of the field list' and( with the left mouse button held down( drag the field onto the document. Fn a -riter document( it will appear as X/FC$2Z %where /FC$2 is the name of the field you dragged'. /or e1ample( to enter the cost of meals and who paid for them on a certain date of a )acation& 1' <pen the list of data sources %( ' and select the Hacations table in the *utomobile database. 2' "se this sentence& K<n %date'( our brea3fast cost %amount' paid by %name'( our lunch cost %amount' paid by %name'( and our supper cost %amount' paid by %name'.L 6ut only type K<n ( our brea3fast cost paid by ( our lunch cost paid by ( and our supper cost paid by .L 3' To replace %date'( clic3 the field name 2ate in the data source window and drag it to the right of the word On. The result& <n X2ateZ. Ff you ha)e /ield shadings turned on %=iew < Field shading'( X2ateZ has a gray bac3ground. <therwise it does not. =' To replace first %amount'( clic3 the 6rea3fast field name and drag it to the right of our brea2fast cost. 0a3e sure you ha)e the proper spacing between the field names and the words before and after them. .esult& brea3fast cost X6rea3fastZ. A' To replace the first %name'( clic3 the 6payment field name and drag it to the right of paid b/. .esult& paid by X6paymentZ. E' Fn the same way( fill in the rest of the fields in the sentence.
"se X$unchZ and X$#aymentZ for the second set of %amount' and %name' in the sentence.
"se X5upperZ and X5#aymentZ for the third set of %amount' and %name' in the sentence. D' /inal result& <n X2ateZ( our brea3fast cost X6rea3fastZ paid by X6#aymentZ( our lunch cost X$unchZ paid by X$#aymentZ( and our supper cost X5upperZ paid by X5#aymentZ. ;' *dd data to the fields of the sentence&
Clic3 the gray bo1 to the left of the row of data you want to add. That row should be highlighted li3e the second row of /igure 230. Clic3 the Data to (ields icon %circled'. This should fill the fields with the data from the row you chose. Clic3 another row and then clic3 this icon again. The data in the sentence changes to this selected row of data. 5a)e the document if you want to use it as an e1ample later.
(igure 73!: Selected row in data source window *dding data in table format is a little easier and ta3es perhaps fewer steps. 5ome of the steps will be @uite similar.
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 7 )
1' !a)igate to the place you want to place the table and clic3 the location. 2' 3ontrol43lic2 the gray bo1 to the left of each row of the data source that you want to be a row in your table if the rows are not consecuti)e. To select consecuti)e rows( clic3 the gray bo1 to the left of the top desired row and Shift4clic2 the bottom desired row. 3' Clic3 the Data to te0t icon to open the Fnsert 2atabase Columns dialog %/igure 231'. %The Data to te0t icon is to the left of the 2ata to /ields icon in /igure 230.' =' 0o)e the fields you want in your table from the Database 3olumns list to the *able column5s6 list.
To place the fields in the order you select( clic3 the field and use the single arrow to
mo)e the fields in the order you desire. You can also limit the fields you use to less than all of the fields a)ailable.
Ff you want to use all of the fields( use the double arrow pointing to the right to mo)e all
of them at one time. The order of the fields in the table you create will be the same as in the data source table.
To remo)e a single field from the *able 3olumn5s6 list( clic3 the field and use the single
arrow pointing to the left. A' To start o)er( clic3 the double arrow pointing to the left. E' 5elect the settings for your table. "se the default settings as in /igure 231. D' Clic3 "8. 5a)e the document.
(igure 73): -nsert Database 3olumns dialog
+alc s&readsheets
There are two ways to transfer data into a Calc spreadsheet. <ne enters the data into the spreadsheet cells. The other creates complete new records in the spreadsheet. -hile you can directly access the data inserted into the spreadsheet cells( new records created in the spreadsheet are read7only. Cntering data directly to the spreadsheet cells uses the Data to *e0t icon as when ma3ing a table in a -riter document. 6ut there are certain differences. The steps are straightforward. 1' Clic3 the cell of the spreadsheet which you want to be the top left cell of your data( including the column names.
7 7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
2' "se ( to open the database source window and select the table whose data you want to use. 3' 5elect the rows of data you want to add to the spreadsheet&
Clic3 the gray bo1 to the left of the row you want to select if only selecting one row. That row is highlighted. To select multiple rows( hold down the 3ontrol 3ey while clic3ing the gray bo1 of the rows you need. Those rows are highlighted. To select all the rows( clic3 the gray bo1 in the upper left corner. *ll rows are highlighted.
=' Clic3 the Data to te0t icon to insert the data into the spreadsheet cells. A' 5a)e the spreadsheet. *dding records to a spreadsheet is fairly easy. You need to ha)e the 2ata 5ource window open( your spreadsheet open( and the table you want to use selected. 1' Clic3 the gray bo1 containing the field name for the tableGs F2 field. 2' 2rop and drag the gray bo1 for the tableGs F2 field to where you want the record to appear in the spreadsheet. 3' .epeat until you ha)e mo)ed all of the fields you need to where you want them. =' !ame and sa)e the spreadsheet. A' Clic3 a row of the table in the 2ata 5ource window. E' 2rag the data in the F2 field in the selected row onto the F2 field in the spreadsheet. The 5a)e icon should acti)ate. D' Clic3 the <dit (ile button to ma3e the spreadsheet read7only. Clic3 %ave when as3ed if you want to sa)e the file. The 2ata 5ources window goes blan3( the fields in the spreadsheet are populated with data from the row you selected( and the /orm !a)igation toolbar appears at the bottom of the spreadsheet. Clic3 the arrows on the /orm !a)igation toolbar to )iew the different records of the table. %The arrows are circled in red.' The number in the bo1 changes when you change the record number by clic3ing an arrow. The data in the fields changes correspondingly to the data for that particular record number.
(igure 737: >avigation arrows of a form
4ntering data in a form

1ecords are used to organi4e the data we enter into a form. They also organi4e the data we enter into a subform 2ifferent types of field allow different methods of data entry. Fn many cases( more than one method can be used. The first step to entering data in a form is to open it from the main database window %/igure 1BB'. 1' Clic3 the /orms icon in the Database list. 2' /ind the formGs name in the (orms list %Hacations'. 3' 2ouble7clic3 the formGs name.
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 7 3
The @uic3est way to enter a date in the 2ate field is to clic3 the arrow that opens the drop down calendar %/igure 233'. Then clic3 the day the you want. Then press the *ab 3ey to go to the <dometer field.
(igure 733: 3alendar drop down The <dometer( Tolls( and 0otel fields are numeric fields. Cnter )alues directly into them( or use the up and down arrows. -hen the )alue has been entered( use the *ab 3ey to go to the ne1t field.
Clic3ing the up arrow increases the )alue( and the down arrow decreases the )alue by one
unit.
These two arrows only change the numerals to the left of the decimal place. !umerals to the right of the decimal place must be changed by deleting them and typing
the desired ones. The 0otelGs #ayment field is a drop7down list. Ff( as in my case( all of the elements of the list start with different letters( typing the first letter selects the desired entry.
Ff two or more elements of the list ha)e the same first letter( repeated typing of the first
letter will cycle through these elements.
-hen the selection is correct( use the *ab 3ey to go to the 0isc. field.
The rest of the fields of the main form are either numeric fields or drop7down lists until we reach the 0isc. !otes field. Ft is a te1t field. Type anything you desire in this field Iust as you would any simple te1t editor.
5ince the *ab 3ey is used to mo)e between fields( it can not be used in a te1t field. *ll spacing must be done by the spacebar. /urthermore in te1t fields( the <nter 3ey acts only as a line brea3 to mo)e the cursor to the ne1t line. -hile the <nter 3ey will mo)e between non7te1t fields( it will not do so from a te1t field. "se the *ab 3ey instead. Ff we did not ha)e a subform for fuel data( pressing the *ab 3ey in the last field would sa)e all of the fields( clear them( and ma3e the form ready to accept data on the second record.
>ote
5ince we ha)e a subform( using the *ab 3ey places the cursor in the first 2ate field of the subform with the date automatically entered to match the 2ate field of the main form. The /uelCost( /uelJuantity( and <dometer fields are numeric fields. The #ayment field is a drop7 down list. Cnter the data Iust as you did in the main form( and use the *ab 3ey to go to the ne1t field. -hen you use the *ab 3ey to lea)e the #ayment field( it goes to the 2ate field of the ne1t line and automatically enters the date. !ow you can enter your second set of fuel data for this day.
To mo)e to another record when the form has a subform( clic3 any of the fields of the main form. Fn this case( clic3 the 2ate field of the main form. Then use the directional arrows at the bottom. There are four of them from left to right& (irst 1ecordF 'revious 1ecordF >e0t 1ecord( and Last 1ecord %/igure 232'. To the right of these arrows is the >ew 1ecord icon. To create a new record while in another record in the main form( clic3 either the >e0t 1ecord icon or the >ew 1ecord icon.
The number in the .ecord bo1 is the number of the record whose data is shown in the form. Ff you 3now the number of the record you want( you can enter it into the record bo1 and then press <nter to ta3e you to that record.
)ip
/igure 23= is a record with data inserted in its fields.
(igure 73 : Sample record of the Dacation form and sub form
Creating ?ueries
Jueries are used to get specific information from a database. Juery results are special tables within the database. To demonstrate the use of @ueries( we will use two different methods&
"sing our C27Collection table( we will create a list of albums by a particular artist. -e will
do this using the -i4ard.
The information we might want from the /uel table includes what our fuel economy is. -e
will do this using the 2esign Hiew. %Jueries that re@uire calculations are best created with the 2esign )iew.'
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 7 #
(sing the ,i7ard to create a ?uery

Jueries created by the wi4ard pro)ide a list or lists of information based upon what one wants to 3now. Ft is possible to obtain a single answer or multiple answers( depending upon the circumstances. Fn the main database window %/igure 1BB'( clic3 the Jueries icon in the 2atabases section( then in the Tas3s section( clic3 +se :i.ard to 3reate 9uer/. The Juery -i4ard window opens %/igure 23A'. The information we want is what albums are by a certain musical group or indi)idual %the albumGs author'. -e can include when each album was bought.
-hen wor3ing with a @uery( more than one table can be used. 5ince different tables may contain the same field names( the format for naming fields in a @uery is *able name.field name( with a period %.' between the table name and the field name. /or e1ample( the $unch field of the Hacation table used in a @uery has the name Dacation.Lunch.
>ote
%tep 1: %elect the fields. 1' 5elect the C27Collection table from the drop down list of tables. 2' 5elect fields from the C27Collection table in the ?vailable fields list. a' Clic3 ?rtist( and use the < button to mo)e it to the (ields in the 9uer/ list. b' 0o)e the *lbumTitle and 2ate#urchased fields in the same manner. c' Clic3 >e5t.
)ip
To change the order of the fields( select the field you want to mo)e and clic3 the up or down arrow.
(igure 73#: (irst page of the 9uer/ :i.ard %tep $: %elect the sorting order. "p to four fields can be used to sort the information of our @uery. * little simple logic helps at this point. -hich field is most important>
7 $ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Fn our @uery( the artist is most important. The album title is less important( and the date purchased is of least importance. <f course( if we were interested in what music we bought on a gi)en day( the date purchased would be the most important.
(igure 73$: Sorting order page 1' Clic3 the first Sort b/ drop down list. a' Clic3 3D-3ollection.?rtist to select it. b' To list the artists in alphabetical order %a74'( select ?scending on the right. 2' Clic3 the second Sort b/ drop down list. Clic3 3D-3ollection.?rtist*itle. and select ?scending. 3' .epeat this process for 3D-3ollection.Date'urchased. =' Clic3 >e5t. %tep &: %elect the search conditions. The search conditions allow us to compare the name we entered with the names of the artist in our database and decide whether to include a particular artist in our @uery or not.
is eIual to& the same as is not eIual to& not the same as is smaller than& comes before is greater than& comes after is eIual or less than& the same as or comes before is eIual or greater than& the same as or comes after li2e& similar to in some way
These conditions apply to numbers( letters %using alphabetical order'( and dates.
>ote
1' 5ince we are only searching for one thing( we will use the default setting of ;atch all of the following. 2' -e are loo3ing for a particular artist( so select 3D-3ollection. ?rtist in the /ields list and is eIual to as the Condition. 3' Type the name of the artist in the Dalue bo1. Clic3 >e5t. %tep *: %elect type of ?uery. -e want simple information( so the default setting& Detailed Iuer/ is what we want. Clic3 >e5t at the bottom of the window.
>ote
5ince we ha)e a simple @uery( the Grouping and Grouping conditions are not needed. 5teps A and E of the wi4ard are s3ipped in our @uery.
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 7 %
%tep ': Assign aliases if desired. -e want the default settings. Clic3 >e5t. %tep .: "verview. !ame the @uery %suggestion& 9uer/P?rtists'. To the right of this are two choices. 5elect Displa/ 9uer/. Clic3 Finish.
(sing the /esign =iew to create a ?uery

Creating a @uery using 2esign Hiew is not as difficult as it may first seem. Ft may ta3e multiple steps( but each step is fairly simple. -hat fuel economy is our )ehicle getting %miles per gallon in the "5*'> This @uestion re@uires creating two @ueries( with the first @uery used as part of the second @uery. %tep 1: "pen the first ?uery in /esign =iew.
Clic3 Create Fuery in /esign =iew.

%tep $: Add tables.
(igure 73%: ?dd *ables or 9uer/ dialog 1' Clic3 (uel to highlight it. 2' Clic3 Add. Clic3 Close.
)ip
0o)e the cursor o)er the bottom edge of the fuel table %/igure 23;' and drag the edge to ma3e it longer and easier to see all of the fields in the table.
7 & " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 73&: (uel table in Iuer/ %tep &: Add fields to the table at the bottom. 1' 2ouble7clic3 the (uel-D field in the /uel table. 2' 2ouble7clic3 the <dometer field. 3' 2ouble7clic3 the /uelJuantity field. The table at the bottom of the @uery window should now ha)e three columns.
(igure 738: 9uer/ table %tep *: %et the criterion for the ?uery. -e want the @ueryGs /uelF2 to begin with the numeral 1. 1' Type ,! in the Criterion cell under /uelF2 in the @uery table. 2' Clic3 the 1un 9uer/ icon in the Juery 2esign toolbar.
(igure 7 !: 9uer/ Design toolbar /igure 2=1 contains the /uel table with my entries and the @uery results based upon the /uel table& the @uery results are in /igure 2=2.
(igure 7 ): (uel table
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 7 8
(igure 7 7: 9uer/ of (uel table %tep ': %ave and close the ?uery. 5ince this @uery contains the final odometer reading for our calculations( name it <nd-1eading when sa)ing it. Then close the @uery. %tep .: Create the ?uery to calculate the fuel economy. 1' Clic3 Create Fuery in /esign =iew to open a new @uery. 2' *dd the /uel table to the @uery Iust as you did in step 2& *dd tables 6ut( do not close the *dd Tables window. 3' *dd the Cnd7.eading @uery to this @uery. a' Clic3 9ueries to get the list of @ueries in the database %/igure 2=3'. b' Clic3 Cnd7.eading. c' Clic3 Add( and then clic3 Close.
(igure 7 3: Selecting Iueries to add to another Iuer/ %tep #: Add fields to the table at the bottom of the ?uery. -e are going to calculate the fuel economy. To do this we need the /uelJuantity and distance tra)eled. 5ince the /uelJuantity we want to use is the final odometer reading( we will use the Cnd7 .eading @uery to get it. -e will also use the <dometer field from the /uel table and Cnd7.eading @uery.
(igure 7
: *ables in this Iuer/
1' 2ouble7clic3 (uel9uantit/ in the Cnd7.eading @uery.
7#! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
2' 2ouble7clic3 Odometer in the Cnd7.eading @uery. 3' 2ouble7clic3 Odometer in the /uel table.
(igure 7 #: ?dded fields to the Iuer/ %tep -: 4nter the Fuel / difference field. -e want the difference between the /uelF2 )alue of the /uel table and /uelF2 )alue of the Cnd7 .eading @uery to e@ual one %1'. 1' Type $&nd-.eading$.$Fuel!D$ - $Fuel$.$Fuel!D$ in the field to the right of the <dometer field of the /uel Table. 2' Type the numeral 1 %one' in the Criterion cell of this column. 3' Calculate the distance tra)eled&
Type $&nd-.eading$.$'dometer$ / $Fuel$.$'dometer$ in the /ield cell. Type Z0 in the Criterion cell.
=' Calculate fuel economy& Type "$&nd-.eading$.$'dometer$ / $Fuel$.$'dometer$%0$&nd-.eading$.$Fuel1uantit2$ in the ne1t column to the right of the word /ield.
(igure 7 $: */ping in calculation of fields
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 7#)
(igure 7 %: (ield for distance traveled calculations
(igure 7 &: (uel econom/ calculation field

-hen entering fields for these calculations( you must follow this format& table or @uery name followed by a period follow by the field name. /or hyphenated or multiple7word names %table or @uery'( use double @uotes around the table or @uery name. The @uery will then add the rest of the double @uotes as in /igure 2=;. "se the arithmetical symbol between the two. 0ore than one calculation can be done by using parentheses to group the arithmetical operations.
>ote
%tep 9: Lun the ?uery and make some modification. *fter we run the @uery to ma3e sure it wor3s correctly( we will hide all of the fields that we do not need.
(igure 7 8: 1esult of running the fuel econom/ Iuer/ 1' Clic3 the .un Juery icon in the 2esign Juery toolbar %/igure 2=0'. The results are in /igure 2=B. !otice that not all of the last column label is )isible because some of the labels are long. -e can fi1 this problem by using an alias for many of the fields. The labels are replaced by their aliases. 2' *dd *liases&
7#7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Type in the aliases as they are listed in /igure 2A0.
(igure 7#!: 9uer/ table with aliases added 3' .un the @uery again. The results are in /igure 2A1.
(igure 7#): 9uer/ run with aliases -e really do not need the column showing the difference between the /uelF2 fields from the table and @uery( so we will hide it. -hile it will not be )isible( it will still be used in the calculations. =' ,ide a column that does not need to be seen. .emo)e the chec3 in the bo1 of the Hisible cell as in /igure 2A2.
(igure 7#7: ;a2ing a field invisible in a Iuer/ run A' .erun the @uery %/igure 2A3'.
(igure 7#3: 9uer/ run with a hidden column %tep 12: Close3 save3 and name the ?uery. 0y suggestion for a name is (uel <conom/. 1' Clic3 the 5a)e icon. 2' !ame the @uery. 3' Close the @uery. =' 5a)e the database file. There are ob)iously other calculations that can be made in this @uery such as cost per distance tra)eled and how much of the cost belongs to each of the payment types.
To fully use @ueries re@uires a 3nowledge of set operations % unionsF intersectionsF andF orF complementsF and any combinations of these'. ,a)ing a copy of the ,5J$26 +ser Guide( a)ailable from http&//hs@ldb.org/( is also e1tremely useful.
>ote
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 7#3
Creating reports
.eports pro)ide information found in the database arranged in a useful way. Fn this respect( they are similar to @ueries. .eports are generated from the databaseGs tables( )iews( or @ueries. *ll reports are based upon a single table( )iew( or @uery( so you need first to decide what fields you want to use in the report. Ff you want to use fields from different tables( you must first combine these fields in a single @uery or )iew. Then you can create a report from this. /or e1ample( a report on )acation e1penses includes both fuel costs and meal costs. These )alues are contained in fields of two different tables& Hacations and /uel. 5o this report re@uires you to create a @uery or )iew.
2ynamic reports update only the data that is changed or added to a table or @uery. They do not show any modifications made to the table or @uery itself. /or e1ample( after creating the report below( open the fuel economy @uery created in the pre)ious section. /or the hCnd7.eadingh.L<dometerL K/uel.L<dometerL column( change the number 1 to the number 3. The report will be identical before and after you ma3e the change. 6ut if you add more data to the @uery and run the report again( it will contain the new data.
Caution
Creating a report
-e will create a report on )acation e1penses. Certain @uestions need to be as3ed before creating the report.
-hat information do we want in the report> ,ow do we want the information arranged> -hat fields are re@uired to pro)ide this information> -ill a @uery or )iew ha)e to be created because these fields are in different tables> *re there any calculations re@uired in the data before being added to the report>
The e1penses for our )acation are motel( tolls( miscellaneous( brea3fast( lunch( supper( snac3s( and fuel. <ne possible report could list the totals of each of these e1pense groups. *nother could list the e1pense totals for each day of the )acation. * third could list the totals for each e1pense group for each type of payment. %This would let us 3now where the money came from to pay the e1penses.' <nce you create a @uery to do any one of these( you can create a report based upon the @uery. -e will create two reports( one listing the e1penses each day %other than fuel' and the second listing fuel statistics. The fields we need for the first report from the Hacations table are& 2ate( 0otel( Toll( 6rea3fast( $unch( 5upper( 5nac3Cost( and 0iscellaneous. This report only re@uires the Hacation table. ,ad the report listed the total e1penses for each of these fields( we would ha)e to create a @uery to pro)ide us with these totals. The second report in)ol)es the /uel table. 5ince this table includes fuel purchases at times other than during the )acation( we need to create a @uery that contains only the fuel purchased during the )acation.
Static vs d'na)ic re&orts

-hen creating a report using the .eport -i4ard( you ha)e a choice of two types of reports in the last page of the wi4ard& static or dynamic. -hat you should select depends more upon whether you ha)e a wor3ing .eport 6uilder e1tension or not. Ff this e1tension wor3s in your )ersion of $ibre<ffice( you should select dynamic e)ery time. <therwise( your selection should depend upon
7# " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
whether you want to update the report later. Fn this case( select dynamic. Ff you choose static( the report will always contain the data for the original report date. $ibre<ffice has always included the .eport 6uilder e1tension. /or some reason( it does not wor3 in some )ersions. /or these( creating a report is done the same way as is done using <pen<ffice.org 3.3( and the etting 5tarted with 6ase chapter for <pen<ffice.org 3.3 e1plains the basics for creating a report that can be used. -ith the report builder e1tension wor3ing( selecting the type of report as static gi)es only a table layout of the report?s data similar to /igure 2A; on page 2AD. The area abo)e the data can contain things li3e the author of the report( its date( and its name. * company logo can be placed there as well. The area below the data can also contain te1t and fields such as page number of page count.
>ote
Cditing a static report will be discussed in Chapter = of the 6ase
uide( 2ata <utput.
-hen dynamic is selected as the report type and the report builder e1tension is wor3ing( the report can be edited. Fts layout can be in one of two formats& a te1t document or a spreadsheet. *lso( it can be sa)ed in a )ariety of formats that are a)ailable for -riter and Calc documents. 0y recommendation for those that ha)e the report builder e1tension wor3ing in their )ersion of $ibre<ffice is that they always select dynamic as the report type. You will ha)e more control o)er the layout of the report than if you had selected static instead.
8acations table re&ort

To create a new report. 1' Clic3 the 1eports icon in the 2atabase list in the *utomobile $ibre<ffice 6ase window %/igure 1BB'. 2' Fn the Tas3s list( clic3 (se ,i7ard to Create Leport. The .eport -i4ard opens.
-hen the .eport -i4ard opens( the <racle .eport 6uilder opens in the bac3ground. *s you perform the steps of the wi4ard( it applies these steps to the .eport 6uilder. You will not be directly using the .eport 6uilder in these steps.
)ip
%tep 1: Field selection 1' 5elect *able: Dacations in the Tables or Jueries drop down list. 2' "se the < to mo)e these fields from the ?vailable fields list to the (ields in report list& 2ate( 0otel( Tolls( 0iscellaneous( 6rea3fast( $unch( 5upper( and 5nac3Cost. Clic3 >e5t.
(igure 7# : ?dding fields to a report
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 7##
%tep $: !abeling fields Change any field labels you wish. -e will shorten 0iscellaneous to 0isc. and ma3e 5nac3Cost into two words. 1' 5horten 0iscellaneous to 0isc. 2' *dd a space to separate 5nac3Cost into 5nac3 Cost. 3' Clic3 >e5t.
(igure 7##: Giving aliases to fields %tep &: +rouping 5ince we are grouping by the date( use the < button to mo)e the Date field to the Clic3 >e5t. rouping list.
(igure 7#$: Selecting fields for grouping data %tep *: %ort options -e do not want to do any additional sorting.
Clic3 >e5t.
%tep ': Choose layout "se 3olumnarF three columns for the layout.
7#$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
1' 2' 3' ='
5elect 3olumnarF three columns for the $ayout of data. La/out of headers and footers has no possible selections. 5elect $andscape as the <rientation for the page layout. Clic3 >e5t.
(igure 7#%: 1eport =uilder template determined b/ the 1eport :i.ard %tep .: Create report 1' $abel the report& Hacation C1penses. 2' 5elect D/namic report. 3' Clic3 Finish.
(igure 7#&: 1eport without modifications The report has been created( but it needs some editing. The date could be formatted better( and all the numbers need to be formatted as currency. Ft could use a heading that includes its name( its author( and the date it was prepared. Ff the report had more than one page( the page numbers could be put in a footer of each page( perhaps including the total number of pages. Leport 0uilder: another way to create reports -hen we used the .eport -i4ard( we created a template in .eport 6uilder for our report. Ff we edit our report( we open .eport 6uilder with this template. 6y modifying the template( we also modify the report. /or e1ample( we can change the 2ate fieldGs format( and it will change the format of all the dates contained in that field in the abo)e report. 5imilarly( we can change the field formatting of any of the other fields and change the format e)erywhere that field appears in the report. .eport 6uilder can also create reports by itself. To do this you clic3 Create Leport in design =iew. /or instructions on how to use the .eport 6uilder( see Chapter = of the 6ase uide( 2ata <utput. -e will discuss it in detail there. /or detailed instructions on using .eport 6uilder( see 2mitri #opo)Gs Sun 1eport =uilder Guideboo2( a)ailable in #2/ %search for K5un .eport 6uilder uideboo3L' and printed )ersions from $ulu.com& http&//www.lulu.com/spotlight/writertools
3hapter & Getting Started with =ase " 7#%
>ote
.eport 6uilder is a $ibre<ffice e1tension to assist in report creation. -ith .eport 6uilder( you can create stylish( comple1 database reports. You can define group and page headers( group and page footers( and calculation fields. Ft is installed by default with $ibre<ffice.
7#& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath

LibreOfficeMs <Iuation <ditor
,hat is 1ath9
0ath is $ibre<fficeGs component for writing mathematical and chemical e@uations. Ft is most commonly used as an e@uation editor for te1t documents( but it can also be used with other types of documents or stand7alone. -hen used inside -riter( the e@uation is treated as an obIect inside the te1t document.
>ote
The e@uation editor is for writing e@uations in symbolic form( as in e@uation 1. Ff you want to e)aluate a numeric )alue( see the 3alc Guide.
df ( 0 ) =ln ( 0 )+ tan1 ( 0 2) d0 or
!,3 + ,2 < !,+ = + <,
%1'
+etting started
You can create an e@uation %formula' as a separate document or insert it into a document in -riter or another component of $ibre<ffice.
Creating an e?uation as a separate document

To create an e@uation as a separate document( open the 0ath component of $ibre<ffice using one of these methods&
<n the menu bar( choose File < >ew < Formula. <n the 5tandard Toolbar( clic3 the triangle to the right of the >ew icon and choose
Formula.
/rom the 5tart Center( clic3 Formula.

*n empty formula document opens %see /igure 2AB'.
(igure 7#8: ?n empt/ formula document

7$! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
The upper area is the pre)iew window( where the e@uation will appear during and after input. The lower area is the e@uation editor( where the mar3up code for the e@uation is entered. The floating Clements window will also appear.
nserting a formula into a ,riter document

To insert a formula into a -riter document( open the document and then choose nsert < "bGect < Formula from the menu bar. The formula editor opens at the bottom of the -riter window( and the floating Clements window appears. You will also see a small bo1 with a gray border in your document( where the formula will be displayed( as shown in /igure 2E0.
(igure 7$!: <Iuation <ditorF <lements windowF and location of resulting eIuation in :riter
)ip
Ff the Clements window is missing( show it with =iew < 4lements.
-hen you are done entering the formula( you can close the editor by pressing the <sc 3ey or by clic3ing an area outside the formula in the main document. * double7clic3 on the bo1 will open the editor again( so you can edit the formula. /ormulas are inserted as <$C obIects. Fn a -riter document( the formula is anchored as a character( so it is embedded in the continuous te1t. You can( as with any other <$C obIect( change the anchor and ma3e the formula floating. Fn Calc( Fmpress and 2raw documents( formulas are embedded as floating <$C obIects.
3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath " 7$)
Ff you fre@uently need to insert formulas( it is ad)isable to add the /ormula button to the 5tandard toolbar or create a 3eyboard shortcut. 5ee Chapter 1=( Customi4ing $ibre<ffice( for more information.
4ntering a formula
The e@uation editor uses a mar3up language to represent formulas. /or e1ample( Qbeta creates the ree3 character beta % '. This mar3up is designed to read similar to Cnglish whene)er a possible. /or e1ample( a over b produces a fraction& . b You can enter a formula in three ways&
5elect a symbol from the Clements window. .ight7clic3 on the e@uation editor and select the symbol from the conte1t menu. Type mar3up in the e@uation editor.
The conte1t menu and the Clements window insert the mar3up corresponding to a symbol. This pro)ides a con)enient way to learn the $ibre<ffice 0ath mar3up.
>ote
Clic3 on the document body to e1it the formula editor. 2ouble7clic3 on a formula to enter the formula editor again.
)he 4lements window

The simplest method for entering a formula is the Clements window.
(igure 7$): S/mbols are divided into categories The Clements window is di)ided into two main parts.
The top shows the symbol categories. Clic3 on these to change the list of symbols. The bottom shows the symbols a)ailable in the current category. )ip
You can hide or show the Clements window with =iew < 4lements.
7$7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Exa)&le 9: A =
/or this e1ample we will enter a simple formula& A = . <n the Clements window& 1' 5elect the top7left button of the categories %top' section. 2' Clic3 on the multiplication symbol.
(igure 7$7: Selecting the multiplication s/mbol -hen you select the multiplication symbol on the Clements window( two things happen& The e@uation editor shows the mar3up& X>Z times X>Z
The body of the document shows a gray bo1 li3e this&
(igure 7$3: 1esult of selecting the multiplication s/mbol The T9< symbols shown in /igure 2E3 are placeholders that you can replace by other te1t( for e1ample 5 and 4. The e@uation will update automatically( as shown in /igure 2E=.
)ip
-hen you add a formula( reser)ed placeholders are indicated by s@uares in the formula and T9< in the command window. You can na)igate through these placeholders using ( and Shift4( .
3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath " 7$3
(igure 7$ : 1esult of entering # and
ne0t to the times operator
)ip
To 3eep the e@uation from updating automatically( select =iew < Auto(pdate display to deselect it. To update a formula manually( press (8 or select =iew < (pdate.
Light6click Aconte5tB menu

*nother way to access mathematical symbols is to right7clic3 on the e@uation editor. This pops up the menu shown in /igure 2EA. The items in this menu correspond to those in the Clements window( with some e1tra commands.
(igure 7$#: 1ight-clic2 5conte0t6 menu

!either the window elements( nor the conte1t menu contain a complete list of commands. /or some seldom7used commands( you must always enter the mar3up. * complete list of commands can be found in *ppendi1 of the 0ath uide.
>ote
1arkup
You can type the mar3up directly in the e@uation editor. /or e1ample( you can type 5 times 4 to obtain A = . Ff you 3now the mar3up( this can be the fastest way to enter a formula.
)ip
The formula mar3up resembles the way the formula reads in Cnglish.
6elow is a short list of common e@uations and their corresponding mar3up. #is&la' +o))and
aYb ak2 int f%1' d1 a XY b a times b
#is&la'
+o))and
s@rt iaj aMn sum aMn infinity 1 cdot y
a =b a2
a
an
f ( 0 ) d0
a b
an
a b
0/
+reek characters
ree3 characters % F F F ( etc' are common in mathematical formulas. *hese characters are not available in the <lements window or the right-clic2 menu. /ortunately( the mar3up for ree3 characters is simple& Type a % sign followed by the name of the character( in Cnglish.
To write a lowercase character( type the name of the character in lowercase. To write an uppercase character( type the name of the character in uppercase.
To write in italic( Iust add an i between % sign and the name of the character. uide. 5ee the table * complete table of ree3 characters is pro)ided in appendi1 of the 0ath below for some e1amples. Lowercase 3alpha 3beta

&&ercase 34L564 37&T4
.talic lowercase 3ialpha 3ibeta

.talic u&&ercase 3i4L564 3i7&T4
3gamma 3psi 3phi
384994 35S! 356!
3igamma 3ipsi 3iphi
3i84994 3i5S! 3i56!
3theta
3T6&T4
3itheta
3iT6&T4
*nother way to enter ree3 characters is by using the 5ymbols catalog window. Choose )ools < Catalog. This window is shown in /igure 2EE. "nder S/mbol set( select +reek and double7clic3 on a ree3 letter from the list. The mar3up name of the character is shown below the list window.
3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath " 7$#
(igure 7$$: S/mbols catalogF used for entering Gree2 characters and some special s/mbols
Exa)&le ;: 3.1=1AB
/or this e1ample we will suppose that&
-e want to enter the abo)e formula %the )alue of pi rounded to A decimal places'. -e 3now the name of the ree3 character %pi'. 6ut we do not 3now the mar3up associated with the symbol.
%tep 1& Type % followed by the te1t pi. This displays the %tep $& <pen the Clements window %=iew < 4lements'. %tep && The symbol is a relation( so we clic3 on the .elations button. Ff you ho)er the mouse o)er this button you see the tooltip 1elations %/igure 2ED'. /igure 2E; shows the Clements window after clic3ing the .elations button. The symbol we want is circled. ree3 character
(igure 7$%: *ooltip indicates the 1elations button (igure 7$&: ?fter selecting 1elations %tep *& Clic3 on the a b symbol. The e@uation editor now shows the mar3up VpiT9< sime? T9<.
7$$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
%tep '& 2elete the T9< te1t( press ( 3ey and type 3.14159 at the end of the e@uation. -e end up with the mar3up Vpi sime? &.1*1'9. The result is shown in /igure 2EB.
(igure 7$8. (inal result
Changing a formula
You can change a formula at any time. To switch into edit mode( double7clic3 on the formula. To get to the appropriate section in the mar3up code( do any one of the following&
Fn the e@uation editor( clic3 on the location. 5elect an area of the mar3up code that you wish to change. Clic3 on an element in the pre)iew areaS the cursor will automatically mo)e to the
corresponding point in the e@uation editor.
2ouble7clic3 on an element in the pre)iew areaS the corresponding section in the e@uation
editor will be selected. To be able to wor3 in the upper %pre)iew' area in the stand7alone 0ath window %/igure 2AB'( the formula cursor must be acti)ated. "se the Formula Cursor button on the *ools toolbar.
You can change an e@uation by o)erwriting selected te1t or by inserting new mar3up code at the cursor position.
Formula layout
The most difficult part of using $ibre<ffice 0ath comes when writing complicated formulas. This section pro)ides some ad)ice.
0rackets are your friends

0ath 3nows nothing about order of operation. You must use brac3ets to state the order of operations e1plicitly. Consider the following e1amples. Mar"u& : o)er x ; < / < o)er : $esult 2 +1 0 1 2 Mar"u& : o)er =x ; <> / =< o)er :> $esult 2 0 +1 1 2
3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath " 7$%
Fn the first e1ample( 0ath has recogni4ed that the $ before and the 5 after the over belong to the fraction( and has represented them accordingly. Ff you want 5I1 rather than 5 to be the denominator( you must brac3et them together so that both will be placed there. Fn the second e1ample( 0ath has recogni4ed the minus sign as a prefi1 for the 1 and has therefore placed it in the numerator of the fraction. Ff you wish to show that the whole thing is negati)e( with the minus sign in front of the fraction( you must put the fraction in brac3ets in order to signify to 0ath that the characters belong together. The braces belong solely to the layout of the mar3up code and are not printed. Ff you wish to use braces in the formula( use the commands lbrace and rbrace. Compare the following e1amples& Mar"u& x o)er =/x ; <> $esult 0 0+1 Mar"u& x o)er lbrace /x ; < rbrace $esult 0 { 0 +1 }
0rackets with matrices look uglyW

/or bac3ground( we start with an o)er)iew of the matri1 command. Mar"u& matrix = a ? b ?? c ? d > $esult a b c d
>ote
.ows are separated by two X symbols and entries within each row are separated by one X.
The first problem people ha)e with matrices is that brac3ets do not scale with the matri1& Mar"u& " matrix = a ? b ?? c ? d > % $esult (a b) c d
0ath pro)ides scalable brac3ets. That is( the brac3ets grow in si4e to match the si4e of their contents. "se the commands left5 and right6 to ma3e scalable brac3ets. Mar"u& le+t" matrix = a ? b ?? c ? d > right% $esult
( )
a b c d
)ip
"se leftN and rightO to obtain s@uare brac3ets. The list of all a)ailable brac3ets is a)ailable in the appendi1 of the ;ath Guide.
These scalable brac3ets may also be used with any element( such as a fraction( s@uare root( etc.
7$& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
solated and unpaired brackets

0ath e1pects that for e)ery opening brac3et there will be a closing one. Ff you forget a brac3et( 0ath places an in)erted @uestion mar3 by the corresponding brac3et. This disappears when all brac3ets are matched. 5ometimes forgetting a brac3et causes the whole structure of the formula to fall apart. ,owe)er( an unpaired brac3et is sometimes necessary. Fn such cases( you ha)e two options&
-ith non7scalable brac3ets( use a preceding bac3slash l to indicate that the following
character should not be regarded as a brac3et but as a literal character. 5o the half7open inter)al QaYbQ is represented by ZQaYbZQ [ try comparing this with QaYbQ
5calable brac3ets can also be unpaired. The same half7open inter)al is represented by
le+t @ aA b right @ /or scalable brac3ets( you can also use the command none to replace a non7e1istent paired brac3et.
0= 0 for 0 0 0 for 0 ! 0
can be represented by abs x = le+t lbrace stacB =x $+or$ x C= D ? -x $+or$ x E D> right none
Lecogni7ing functions in 1ath

Fn the basic installation( 0ath outputs )ariables in italics. Ff you enter a function( 0ath usually recogni4es it and outputs it normally %a list of recogni4ed functions is a)ailable in the ;ath Guide'. Ff 0ath fails to recogni4e a function( you can inform 0ath about it. Cnter the mar3up code func before the function( and the following te1t will be recogni4ed as a function. 5ome functions recogni4ed by 0ath need to be followed by numbers or )ariables. Ff these are missing( 0ath puts an in)erted red @uestion mar3 in their place( which you can only remo)e by correcting the formula& enter a )ariable or a number( or a pair of empty braces i j as a placeholder.
)ip
You can na)igate through errors using (3 and Shift4(3.
4?uations over more than one line

5uppose you want to ma3e an e@uation co)ering more than one line( for e1ample& 0 =3 / =1
Your first reaction would be to simply press the <nter 3ey. ,owe)er( if you press the <nter 3ey( although the mar3up goes to a new line( the resulting e@uation does not. You must type the newline command e1plicitly. This is illustrated in the table below. Mar"u& x = 3 2 = < x = 3 ne,line 2 = < $esult 0 =3 / =1 0 =3 / =1
3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath " 7$8
Continuing the calculation on a new line without writing a complete new e@uation is not directly possible( because 0ath e1pects a term on the left hand side of an e@uals sign. You can substitute&
Cmpty @uotes [[. This will automatically cause the line to be left7Iustified. Cmpty braces \ ]. The following line will then be centered. 5paces characters ^ or _. The line will be centered with the spaces.
The alignment of e@uals signs under each other is described on page 2D2. *s well( spacing between elements in formulas are not set by space characters in the code. You need to use special mar3up to add spaces& ^ %gra)e' for a small space( _ %tilde' for a large space. *nother solution would be to add space characters between @uotes( to be considered as te1t. 5pace mar3up at the end of a formula are ignored by default.
;ow do add limits to my sumDintegral9

The sum and int commands %see complete list in the appendi1 of the ;ath Guide' can %optionally' ta3e the parameters from and to. These are used for lower and upper limits respecti)ely. These parameters can be used singly or together. Mar"u& sum +rom B = < to n a#B int +rom D to x +"t% dt
or
$esult
a2
2= 1 0
f ( t ) dt
0
or
0 f (t ) dt
int#DFx +"t% dt int +rom .e + sum to in+init2 :F=-n>
f
"
2n
;ow do write a derivative9

-riting deri)ati)es essentially comes down to one tric3& *ell LibreOffice itRs a fraction. Fn other words( you ha)e to use the over command. Combine this with either the letter d %for a total deri)ati)e' or the partial command %for a partial deri)ati)e' to achie)e the effect of a deri)ati)e. Mar"u& =d+> o)er =dx> =partial +> o)er =partial 2> =partialF: +> o)er =partial tF:> $esult df d0 #f #/ #2 f #t 2
>ote
!otice that we ha)e to use braces %s@uiggly brac3ets' to ma3e the deri)ati)e.
7%! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
To write function names with primes( as is usual in school notation( you must first add the signs to the catalog. "sing single and double @uotes is typographically ugly. 5ee KCustomi4ing the catalogL on page 2D;.
1arkup characters as regular characters

Characters that are used for controlling mar3up cannot be entered directly as normal characters. The characters concerned are& V( \( ]( K( `( O( a and [. 5o( for e1ample( you cannot write $V b 2.2$ or 1[ b $.'.cm. Two methods are a)ailable to o)ercome this limitation&
"se double @uotes to mar3 the character as te1t( for e1ample $[V[b 2.2$. This is not
possible for the double7@uote character itself.
*dd the character to the catalog. 5ee the section KCustomi4ing the catalogL on page 2D;.
Fn some cases you can use commands&
lbrace and rbrace gi)e you literal braces {}. mline gi)es you the )ertical line( for e1ample $ mline & for ( 23 )
Con)ersion into a character entity as in ,T0$ or the use of an escape character is not possible in 0ath.
)e5t in a formula
To include te1t in a formula( enclose it in straight double7@uotes&
abs x = le+t lbrace matrix =x ? $+or $ x C= D ?? -x ? $+or $ x E D> right none
0= 0 for 0 0 0 for 0 ! 0
*ll characters e1cept double @uotes are permissible in te1t. "nfortunately the 5pecial characters dialog is not a)ailable. Ff necessary( you can write the te1t in a te1t document and copy it into the e@uation editor )ia the clipboard. Fn this way smart @uotes can be inserted( as shown below.
(igure 7%!: Smart Iuotes included b/ cop/ and paste from :riter. Te1t is shown in the font that was selected from the )e5t list in the Fonts dialog %compare with the section Changing the font page 2D3'. To use a font from the lower window of the e@uation editor( set the attribute %erif( %ans or Fi5ed before the te1t. 6y default( te1t is left7Iustified. You can change the Iustification with alignc or alignr. Commands are not interpreted within te1t. "se @uotes to brea3 up the te1t if you wish to use special formatting commands.
$!n $ color blue bold $isosceles$ $ trianglesG the base angles are eHual$
Fn isosceles triangles( the base angles are e@ual

3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath " 7%)
;ow do align my e?uations at the e?uals sign9

0ath does not ha)e a command for aligning e@uations on a particular character( but you can use a matri1 to do this( as shown below. Mar"u&
matrix{ alignr x+y # {}={} # alignl 2 ## alignr x } # {}={} # alignl 2-y
$esult 0+ / 0 = 2 = 2 /
The empty braces around Y are necessary because Y is a binary operator and thus needs an e1pression on each side. You can reduce the spacing around Y if you change the inter7column spacing of the matri1& 1' -ith the e@uation editor open( choose Format < %pacing from the menu bar. 2' Fn the 5pacing dialog %/igure 2D1'( clic3 the Category button and select 1atrices in the drop7down menu. 3' Cnter 2V for Column spacing and clic3 "8.
(igure 7%): 3hanging spacing in a matri0 formula
Changing the appearance of formulas

Changing the font si7e
This is one of the most common @uestions people as3 about $ibre<ffice 0ath. The answer is simple( but not intuiti)e& 1' 5tart the formula editor and choose Format < Font si7e. 2' 5elect a larger font si4e under =ase si.e %top7most entry'. The result of this change is illustrated in /igure 2D3.
7%7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 7%7. <dit =ase si.e 5top6 to ma2e a formula bigger
(igure 7%3. 1esult of changing the base font si.e

The change in font si4e applies only to the current formula. To change the default font si4e( clic3 on the /efault button and then "8. * change in the default font si4e might( for e1ample( ma3e your wor3 easier when you are preparing a big presentation and want all the formulas in it to ha)e a base si4e of 2;pt[but do not forget to set the font si4e bac3 to its original )alue when the wor3 is finished. -arning& this will modify only the current formula and future formulas you write. To modify e1isting formulas in the document( you need to use a macro %see section about macros in 0ath uide'.
>ote
The si4e of a subset of characters in a formula may be modified using the size command. /or e1ample& b size 5{a} gi)es the result b a . Fn the Clements window( the icon on the ?ttributes tab gi)es the size command. The )alue Iust after size may be absolute %numeric )alue' or relati)e to the conte1t %base si4e by default'& for e1ample( +6( -3( /2( or 2/
Changing the font

The fonts used in formulas can be changed using Format < Fonts. The Formula fonts section of the (onts dialog %/igure 2D=' refers to the four specified formula elements. The font for operators( relationships and brac3ets is not affected( as these elements normally come from the <pen5ymbol font. 5imilarly elements from the catalog %see KCustomi4ing the catalogL on page 2D;' continue to be displayed in the font specified there.
3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath " 7%3
(igure 7% : (onts dialog The 3ustom fonts section determines which font will be used when the attribute font serif( font sans or font fi5ed is specified. To change a font( first clic3 on 1odify and choose the type of entry you wish to modify. The /onts dialog opens( showing all the fonts a)ailable on your system.
(igure 7%#: (ont dialog The /ont te1t input bo1 uses predicti)e te1t as you type to assist locating the wanted font. Ff you do not 3now its name( use the scrollbar to scroll through them. Clic3 on any name and the pre)iew bo1 will show a sample. Hariables should be written in italics( so ma3e sure that the talic bo1 is chec3ed. /or all other elements( use the basic %.oman' form. The style can be easily altered in the formula itself by using the commands ita!ic or bo!" to set these characteristics and nita!ic or nbo!" to unset them. -hen you ha)e chosen a new font for a formula( the old font remains in the list alongside the new one and can be selected again. This applies only to the current sessionS the old font is not stored permanently.
7% " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
You can choose whate)er fonts you li3e( but if you are e1changing documents with someone else( you should choose fonts that are present on your colleagueGs computer.
Changing the color

"se the command co!o# to change the color of a subset of a formula& co!o# #e" $%& gi)es ?=3 . Choose from ; colors& '(ite( b!ac)( c*an( ma+enta( #e"( b!ue( +#een( *e!!o'. You may set a color for a subset of a formula if it is enclosed between { } or other parentheses. /or instance& $ % co!o# +#een {& D} , gi)es ? = 3 D < . Color commands can be nested in subsets of formulas as shown in this e1ample & co!o# b!ue {$ % co!o# *e!!o' & D} gi)es ? = 3 D . The space between C and 2 limits the color to the )ariable following the command. Ft is not possible to select a bac3ground color& it is always transparent in 0ath. The bac3ground color of the whole formula is then the same as the bac3ground of the document or frame %in a te1t document for instance'. Fn -riter( you can use obIect properties %right7clic3 the formula "bGect' to choose a bac3ground color for the whole formula %see K6ac3ground( borders( and si4eL on page 2DD'.
Formulas in ,riter documents

>umbering e?uations
C@uation numbering is one of -riterGs best hidden features. The steps are simple( but obscure& 1' 5tart a new line. 2' Type fn and then press (3. !ote this is >") the 3eyboard (n 3ey. The fn is replaced by a numbered formula&
< =mc 2
!ow you can double7clic3 on the formula to edit it. You can insert a cross7reference to an e@uation %for e1ample Kas shown in C@uation %2'L' as follows& 1' Choose nsert < Cross6reference from the 0enu bar. 2' <n the 3ross-references tab %/igure 2DE'( under */pe( select )e5t. 3' "nder Selection( select the e@uation number. =' "nder -nsert reference to( select Leference. A' Clic3 nsert.
%2'
Ff you later add more e@uations to the paper before the referenced e@uation( all the e@uations will automatically renumber and the cross7references will update.
)ip
To insert the e@uation number in the cross7reference without parentheses around it( choose >umbering instead of Leference under -nsert reference to.
3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath " 7%#
(igure 7%$. -nserting a cross-reference to an eIuation number The *utoTe1t inserted as a result of the abo)e procedure consists of a 112 table. The left cell contains the formula and the right one the number. The number is an automatic counter named Te1t. You can edit the *utoTe1t if( for e1ample( you prefer s@uare rather than round brac3ets( or if you want formula and number to be separated by tabs rather than formatted as a table. .ead the section on K"sing *utoTe1tL in Chapter 3 %-or3ing with Te1t' in the :riter Guide.
Position
!ormally a formula is anchored ?s character in a -riter document. 6ut as with any other <$C obIect( you can change the anchoring mode to position the formula where you want it. /or more information( see Chapter 11 % raphics( the allery( and /ontwor3' of the Getting Started guide. 6y default( formula obIects anchored ?s character are automatically aligned )ertically to the baseline of the surrounding te1t. To align the formula manually( go to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice ,riter < Formatting Aids and unchec3 the option 1ath baseline alignment. This setting is stored with the document and applies to all formulas within it. !ew documents use the current setting from this dialog.
1argins
*n inserted 0ath obIect has margins to left and right of it( separating it from surrounding te1t. Ff you do not want this( it is best to alter the frame style for formulas( as this will apply simultaneously to all e1isting formulas and those still to be inserted in the document. #roceed as follows& 1' #ress ()). The 5tyles and /ormatting dialog opens. 2' Clic3 on the Frame %tyles icon. 3' /ind the Formula frame style and right7clic3 on it. =' Choose 1odify from the conte1t menu. The /rame 5tyle dialog opens.
7%$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
A' 5witch to the ,rap tab of the dialog. Change the )alues for !eft and Light in the 5pacing section to 0.00. E' Clic3 "8 to close the dialog. This changes the spacing for all formulas that ha)e not had their spacing adIusted manually. You can find more information on using styles in K2efault layout with styleL on page 2;0 and in Chapter 3 %"sing 5tyles and Templates' of the Getting Started guide.
)e5t mode
$arger formulas should always be in a paragraph of their own( separated from the te1t. -hen you use formula elements in running te1t( they can often be higher than the letter height. ,owe)er( if it is necessary to place a formula within running te1t( switch into the e@uation editor and go to Format < )e5t mode. 0ath will try to shrin3 the formula to fit the letter height. The numerators and denominators of fractions are shrun3( and the limits of integrals and sums are placed beside the integral/sum sign.
Exa)&le:
* formula in a separate paragraph&
i2
i =2 2 and the same formula embedded in te1t mode& A i= 2 i
0ackground3 borders3 and si7e

-ith regard to formatting( formulas are treated as obIects of the (rame St/le type with the /ormula frame style. 6ac3ground color and borders can be set using this style or directly with Format < FrameD"bGect( or by right7clic3ing the formula and choosing "bGect from the conte1t menu. Fn the default installation( formulas ha)e a transparent bac3ground and no borders. The si4e of a formula cannot be adIustedS in a -riter document it depends directly on the way the formula is constructed %see KChanging the font si4eL on page 2D2'.
Creating a formula library

-hen you use the 0ath component of $ibre<ffice directly with File < >ew < Formula( you create documents with the file suffi1 <2/( each containing a single formula. You can use these to build up a library of fre@uently7used formulas. Cmbedded formulas can also be stored as separate 0ath documents by right7clic3ing on the formula and choosing %ave copy as from the conte1t menu. To insert such a 0ath document into a -riter document( use nsert < "bGect < "!4 "bGect. 5elect the option Create from file and enter the path name of the file or browse for it using your systemGs file manager by pressing the %earch button.
>ote
You cannot insert the document by dragging and dropping with the mouse( nor by using nsert < File.
/ormulas cannot be stored in the gallery because they are not in graphical format. You can howe)er store a formula as *utoTe1t. -rite the formula in a separate paragraph( select it and go to 4dit < Auto)e5t. /or further information see K"sing *utoTe1tL in Chapter 3 %-or3ing with Te1t' in the :riter Guide.
3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath " 7%%
Fast insertion of formulas

Ff you already 3now the mar3up of your formula( here is a faster method to build your formula&
-rite the formula mar3up in -riter. 5elect the mar3up. Fnsert the formula using a toolbar button( a menu item( or a 3eyboard shortcut.
This method a)oids the need to open and close the 0ath window and thus sa)es time.
Customi7ations
Customi7ing the catalog
Ff you need to use a symbol that is not a)ailable in 0ath( you can add it to the catalog yourself. The following e1ample shows the procedure for symbols that are used in mar3ing school wor3. 1' 2' 3' o to )ools < Catalog or clic3 on the catalog button to open the 5ymbols catalog %/igure 2EE'. Clic3 the 4dit button. The Cdit symbols dialog %/igure 2DD' opens. The symbols are arranged in symbol sets. Fn the lower part of the window( choose an a)ailable set for your new symbol from the 5ymbol set list( for e1ample the Special set. <r you can type the name of a new symbol set directly into the bo1. /rom the /ont list( choose a font that contains the desired symbol. -hen you ha)e selected a font( its characters appear in the font summary window. You can scroll through it using the scrollbar at the side( or use the 5ubset list to go straight to the place you need. To follow this e1ample( choose the font DeGaDu Sans and the subset General punctuation. Clic3 on the desired symbol %here "12032'. Ft appears enlarged in the right7hand pre)iew bo1 %see /igure 2D;'. 0a3e sure that the symbol set is set to %pecial. Fn the 5ymbol field( enter a name for the symbol( for e1ample prime. Ff the name is not already in use( the Add button becomes acti)e. Clic3 on it. You can immediately add more symbols. Fn the e1ample( the K"O2033L symbol( named dblprime( and the K"O203=L symbol( named triprime( are added %see /igure 2DB'. Clic3 "8 to close the dialog.
='
A' E' D' ;' B'
7%& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 7%%: <dit S/mbols dialog
(igure 7%&: <dit S/mbols dialog: characters selected !ow the 5ymbol set )iew area shows the new symbol. Ft can be selected Iust li3e the other symbols( either from here( or by writing them directly into the e@uation editor in the form mprime.
Caution
5ymbols % ree3 or 5pecial'( in contrast to commands( are case sensiti)e %lowercase/uppercase'.
!umerous free fonts contain a great number of mathematical symbols. The K5TFN1L font is worthy of special mention here. Ft was de)eloped specially for writing mathematical/technical te1ts. The 2eIaHu2 and $ucida3 fonts also ha)e a wide range of symbols.
1 /ont files for 5TFN are a)ailable from http&//www.sti1fonts.org 2 /ont files for 2eIaHu 5ans are a)ailable from http&//www.deIa)u7fonts.org 3 $ucida 5ans belongs to the +.C pac3age( which is probably already on your computer. 3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath " 7%8
(igure 7%8: 3atalog with new s/mbol
>ote
0any symbols occur in more than one font. Ff you want to e1change documents with others( ta3e care to use a font that is installed on their machine.
Fn the default $ibre<ffice installation( only those user7defined symbols that actually occur in the document are stored with it. 5ometimes it is useful to embed all the user7defined symbols( for e1ample when the document is going to be further edited by another person. o to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice 1ath and on the %ettings page( unchec3 the option 4mbed only used symbols Asmaller file si7eB.This setting is only a)ailable when you are wor3ing on a 0ath document.
/efault layout with style

Fn -riter( formulas are formatted according to the /ormula frame style. Fn the 5tyle and /ormatting window %displayed with ())'( clic3 on the third icon at the top& Frame %tyles. .ight7clic3 on Formula and select 1odify. 6y this means( you can directly modify all formulas in your document( regarding spacing %page 2DE' or bac3ground %page 2DD'( unless you manually modify formula formatting. To apply this style in all your new -riter documents( you (igure 7&! : ;odif/ (rame St/le must include the /ormula style in your default template. To (ormula do so( create a new -riter document and modify the /ormula frame style as you wish. 5a)e the document using File < %ave as )emplate and sa)e it into 1y )emplates with a name of your choice. To define this template as your default template( select the template you Iust created and choose %et as default. Ff you wish to return to the default template gi)en at installation( open the Template 0anager( clic3 on the Action 1enu and point to Leset /efault )emplate( on the drop7down menu( and clic3 )e5t /ocument. This menu choice does not appear unless a custom template has been set as the default. The ne1t time that you create a document by choosing File < >ew( the document will be created from the new default template. /or more information on the Template 0anager( see Chapter B( 5tyles and Templates.
7&! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Application to chemical formulas

0ath was designed to build mathematical formulas( but it can also be used to write chemical formulas. Fn chemistry( formulas loo3 li3e ,2<& names are usually non7italic uppercase. To write chemical formulas with 0ath( deselect the talic attribute in the /onts dialog %see KChanging the fontL on page 2D3'. ,ere some e1amples of chemical formulas& +onstruction
0olecules Fsotopes Fons
Exa)&le ,2 5<=
23; B2
Entr' -.2 /0.4 %please note the spacen' 1 !sub 92 !sup 232 /0.43{2-{}} or /0.43{24-4}
"
5<2 =
>otes& !sub or !sup are abre)iations for left subscript and left superscript. Cmpty braces after 2are necessary to a)oid errors as there is no right member after the minus sign. /or re)ersible reactions( there is no satisfactory double arrow in ;ath. Ff you ha)e a font with a suitable symbol( you may use the method described in KCustomi4ing the catalogL on page 2D;. /or instance( 2eIaHu fonts ha)e these double arrows . *lternati)ely( if you find a special character in a document you can copy it( for e1ample here in this formula& C+ < C< hh. <ther double arrows can be found here& http&//de).w3.org/htmlA/html7author/charref from character 1021C=( or here& http&//www.unicode.org/charts/#2//"21B0.pdf( which is a subset of this location& http&//www.unicode.org/charts/osymbols
1ath commands J Leference

The complete list of commands and reser)ed words used by 0ath is a)ailable in the ;ath Guide&
"nary / binary operators .elations 5et operations /unctions <perators *ttributes 6rac3ets /ormats <thers Characters ree3 Characters 5pecial .eser)ed words in alphabetic order
3hapter 8 Getting Started with ;ath " 7&)
3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing
ntroduction
This chapter pro)ides general information about printing( e1porting( and e7mailing documents from $ibre<ffice.
Fuick printing
Clic3 the Print File /irectly icon your computer. to send the entire document to the default printer defined for
>ote
You can change the action of the Print File /irectly icon to send the document to the printer defined for the document instead of the default printer for the computer. o to )ools < "ptions < !oadD%ave < +eneral and select the !oad printer settings with the document option.
Controlling printing
>ote for 1ac users
Ff you prefer to use the standard 0ac #rint dialogs( deselect the Print dialogs J (se !ibre"ffice dialogs option in !ibre"ffice < Preferences < +eneral. This boo3 uses the $ibre<ffice #rint dialogs in illustrations.
/or more control o)er printing( use the #rint dialog %File < Print or 3trl4''.
(igure 7&). *he 'rint dialog
The #rint dialog has four pages( from which you can choose a range of options( as described in the following sections.
The options selected on the #rint dialog apply to this printing of this document only.
>ote
To specify default printing settings for $ibre<ffice( go to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice J Print and )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice ,riter J Print. 5ee Chapter 2( 5etting "p $ibre<ffice( for more details.
The different components of $ibre<ffice ha)e different a)ailable print settings( as summari4ed in Table A. *able #: 'rint options in LibreOffice components *eature
5elect pages/sheets/slides to print #rint multiple pages/sheets/slides on one page #rint a brochure #rint en)elopes #rint labels or business cards #re)iew pages/sheets before printing
Writer
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
+alc
Yes Yes !o !o !o Yes
.)&ress
Yes Yes Yes !o !o !o
#raw
Yes Yes Yes !o !o !o
%electing general printing options

<n the General tab of the #rint dialog( you can choose&
The printer %from the printers a)ailable' -hich pages to print( the number of copies to print( and whether to collate multiple copies
%1ange and copies section'
-hether to print any comments that are in the document( and where to print the
comments. 5ome selections may not be a)ailable all the time. /or e1ample( if the document contains no comments( the #rint Comments drop7down list does not wor3.
(igure 7&7: 3hoosing whether and where to print comments 5elect the Properties button to display the selected printer?s properties dialog where you can choose portrait or landscape orientation( which paper tray to use( and the paper si4e to print on. <n the <ptions tab of the #rint dialog %/igure 2;3'( the last item( +se onl/ paper tra/ from printer preference( is not a)ailable in Calc.
3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing " 7&#
(igure 7&3: General print options
Printing multiple pages on a single sheet of paper

You can print multiple pages of a document on one sheet of paper. To do this& 1' Fn the #rint dialog( select the 'age La/out tab %/igure 2;='.
(igure 7& : 'rinting multiple page per sheet of paper 2' Fn the La/out section( select from the drop7down list the number of pages to print per sheet. The pre)iew panel on the left of the #rint dialog shows how the printed document will loo3. -hen printing more than 2 pages per sheet( you can choose the order in which they are printing across and down the paper.
7&$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
3' Fn the 'age sides section( select whether to print all pages or only some pages. Clic3 the Print button.
)ip
Fn -riter( to print two pages per sheet in Kfacing pagesL %boo3 layout' style( print from #rint #re)iew instead. 5ee page 2B2.
%electing pagesDsheetsDslides to print

Fn addition to printing a full document( you can choose to print indi)idual pages/sheets/slides( ranges of pages/sheets/slides( or a selection of a document. The details )ary slightly in -riter( Calc( 2raw and Fmpress( as described in this section.
Writer
#rinting an indi)idual page& 1' Choose File < Print from the menu bar( or press 3trl4'. 2' <n the #rint dialog( select the page to print. a' Fn the 1anges and copies section of the eneral page( select the 'ages option. The te1t input bo1 displays the current page number. b' Cnter the page number of the page you want to print. The pre)iew bo1 changes to show the selected page. 3' Clic3 the Print button. #rinting a range of pages& 1' Choose File < Print from the menu bar( or press 3trl4'. 2' <n the #rint dialog( select the range of pages to print. a' Fn the 1anges and copies section of the eneral page( select the 'ages option. b' Cnter the se@uence numbers of the pages to print %for e1ample( 1= or 1(3(D(11'. 3' Clic3 the Print button. #rinting a selection of te1t& 1' Fn the document( select the material %te1t and graphics' to print. 2' Choose File < Print from the menu bar( or press 3trl4'. 3' The 1anges and copies section of the #rint dialog now includes a Selection option and the pre)iew bo1 shows the selected material. 5ee /igure 2;A. =' Clic3 the Print button.
3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing " 7&%
(igure 7&#: 'rinting a selection of te0t
+alc
You can choose single sheets( multiple sheets( and selections of cells for printing.
(igure 7&$: 3hoosing what to print in 3alc #rinting an indi)idual sheet& 1' Fn the spreadsheet( clic3 on the sheet tab to select the sheet you want to print. 2' Choose File < Print from the menu bar( or press 3trl4'. 3' Fn the 1anges and copies section of the #rint dialog( choose the Selected sheets option. =' Clic3 the Print button.
7&& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
#rinting a range of sheets& 1' Fn the spreadsheet( select the sheets to print. a' 5elect the first sheet. b' ,old down the 3ontrol 3ey. c' Clic3 on the additional sheet tabs. d' .elease the 3ontrol 3ey when all re@uired sheets are selected. 2' Choose File < Print from the menu bar( or press 3trl4'. 3' Fn the 1anges and copies section of the #rint dialog( choose the Selected sheets option. =' Clic3 the Print button. #rinting a selection of cells& 1' Fn the document( select the section of cells to print. 2' Choose File < Print from the menu( or press 3trl4'. 3' Fn the 1anges and copies section of the #rint dialog( select the Selected cells option. =' Clic3 the Print button.
Caution
*fter printing( be sure to deselect the e1tra sheets. Ff you 3eep them selected( the ne1t time you enter data on one sheet( you enter data on all the selected sheets. This might not be what you want.
.)&ress and #raw

You can choose indi)idual slides( ranges of slides( or selections of slides for printing.
#rinting an indi)idual slide& 1' Choose File < Print from the menu bar( or press 3trl4'. 2' 5elect the slide to print. a' Fn the 1anges and copies section of the #rint dialog( select the Slides option. b' Cnter the number of the slide to print. 3' Clic3 the Print button. #rinting a range of slides& 1' Choose File > Print from the menu bar( or press 3trl4'. 2' 5elect the slides to print. a' Fn the 1anges and copies section of the #rint dialog( select the Slides option. b' Cnter the number of the slides to print %for e1ample 17= or 1(3(D(11'. 3' Clic3 the Print button.
3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing " 7&8
#rinting a selection from a slide( or a selection from multiple slides& 1' Fn the document( select the section of the slide to print. 2' Choose File < Print from the menu bar( or press 3trl4'. 3' 5elect the Selection option in the 1anges and copies section of the #rint dialog. =' Clic3 the Print button.
Printing handouts3 notes3 or outlines in mpress

Candouts prints the slides in reduced si4e on the page( from one to nine slides per page. The slides can be printed hori4ontally %landscape orientation' or )ertically %portrait orientation' on the page. >otes prints a single slide per page with any notes entered for that slide in !otes Hiew. Outline prints the title and headings of each slide in outline format. To print handouts( notes( or outlines& 1' Choose File > Print from the menu bar( or press 3trl4'. 2' Fn the 'rint section of the #rint dialog( select the re@uired option. 3' /or ,andouts( you can then choose how many slides to print per page( and the order in which they are printed. =' Clic3 the Print button.
Printing a brochure
Fn -riter( Fmpress( and 2raw( you can print a document with two pages on each side of a sheet of paper( arranged so that when the printed pages are folded in half( the pages are in the correct order to form a boo3let or brochure.
)ip
#lan your document so it will loo3 good when printed half si4eS choose appropriate margins( font si4es( and so on. You may need to e1periment.
To print a brochure on a single7sided printer& 1' Choose File < Print( or press 3trl4'. 2' Fn the #rint dialog( clic3 Properties. 3' Chec3 the printer is set to the same orientation %portrait or landscape' as specified in the page setup for your document. "sually the orientation does not matter( but it does for brochures. Clic3 "8 to return to the #rint dialog. =' 5elect the 'age la/out tab in the #rint dialog. A' 5elect the 0rochure option. E' Fn the 'age sides section( select =ac2 sides / left pages option from the Fnclude drop7down list.
D' Clic3 the Print button. ;' Ta3e the printed pages out of the printer( turn the pages o)er( and put them bac3 into the printer in the correct orientation to print on the blan3 side. You may need to e1periment a bit to find out what the correct arrangement is for your printer. B' <n the #rint dialog( in the 'age sides section( select (ront sides / right pages option from the Fnclude drop down bo1. 10' Clic3 the Print button.
)ip
Ff your printer can print double7sided automatically( choose All pages.
Printing envelopes3 labels3 business cards

#rinting en)elopes( labels( or business cards using -riter in)ol)es two steps& setup and printing. /or details of how to set these up( see Chapter 11( "sing 0ail 0erge( in the :riter Guide. To print& 1' Choose File < Print from the menu bar( or press 3trl4'. 2' <n the #rint dialog( under 1anges and copies( choose Pages and type 1 in the bo1. Clic3 the Print button.
Printing in black and white Aon a color printerB

You may wish to print documents in blac3 and white on a color printer. 5e)eral choices are a)ailable. #lease note that some color printers may print in color regardless of the settings you choose. Change the printer settings to print in blac3 and white or grayscale& 1' Choose File < Print( or press 3trl4'F to open the #rint dialog.
3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing " 78)
2' Clic3 Properties to open the #roperties dialog for the printer. The a)ailable choices )ary from one printer to another( but you should find options for the Color settings. 5ee your printerGs help or user manual for more information. 3' The choices for color might include blac2 and white or gra/scale. Choose the re@uired setting. =' Clic3 "8 to confirm your choice and return to the #rint dialog( A' Clic3 the Print button to print the document.
)ip
rayscale is best if you ha)e any graphics in the document.
Change the $ibre<ffice settings to print all color te1t and graphics as grayscale& 1' Choose )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < Print. 2' 5elect the Convert colors to grayscale option. Clic3 "8 to sa)e the change. 3' <pen the #rint dialog %File < Print'( or press 3trl4'. =' Clic3 the Print button to print the document. Change the $ibre<ffice -riter %or Calc( Fmpress( 2raw' settings to print all color te1t as blac3( and all graphics as grayscale& 1' Choose )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice ,riter < Print. 2' "nder 3ontents( select the Print te5t in black option. Clic3 "8 to sa)e the change. 3' <pen the #rint dialog %File < Print'( or press 3trl4'. =' Clic3 the Print button to print the document.
Previewing pagesDsheets before printing

You can use the pre)iewing options in -riter and Calc to )iew the document as it will be printed. 2ifferent )iewing options are a)ailable.
Writer
The normal page )iew in -riter shows you what each page will loo3 li3e when printed and you can edit the pages in that )iew. Ff you are designing a document to be printed double7sided( you may want to see what facing pages loo3 li3e. -riter pro)ides two ways to do this&
Hiew $ayout %editable )iew'& use the /acing #ages %6oo3 #re)iew' button on the status bar.
#age #re)iew %read7only )iew'.

To use #age #re)iew& 1' Choose File < Page Preview( clic3 the Page Preview button on the 5tandard toolbar or press 3trl4Shift4O. -riter now displays the Page Preview toolbar instead of the /ormatting toolbar.
(igure 7&%. 'age 'review toolbar 5:riter6 2' 5elect the re@uired pre)iew icon& )wo Pages % Preview % '. '( 1ultiple Pages % ' or 0ook
3' To print the document from this )iew( clic3 the Print document icon% dialog. Choose the print options and clic3 the Print button.
' to open the #rint
+alc
To pre)iew the sheets in Calc before printing& 1' Choose File < Page Preview. The Calc window now displays the Page Preview toolbar instead of the /ormatting toolbar.
(igure 7&&. 'age 'review toolbar 53alc6 2' To print the document from this )iew( clic3 the Print document icon dialog. 3' Choose the print options and clic3 the Print button. to open the #rint
45porting to P/F
$ibre<ffice can e1port documents to #2/ %#ortable 2ocument /ormat'. This industry7standard file format is ideal for sending the file to someone else to )iew using *dobe .eader or other #2/ )iewers. The process and dialogs are the same for -riter( Calc( Fmpress( and 2raw( with a few minor differences mentioned in this section.
Fuick e5port to P/F

Clic3 the 45port /irectly as P/F icon to e1port the entire document using the #2/ settings you most recently selected on the #2/ <ptions dialog %see below'. You are as3ed to enter the file name and location for the #2/ file( but you do not get a chance to choose a page range( the image compression( or other options.
Controlling P/F content and ?uality

/or more control o)er the content and @uality of the resulting #2/( use File > 45port as P/F. The #2/ <ptions dialog opens. This dialog has fi)e pages % eneral( Fnitial Hiew( "ser Fnterface( $in3s( and 5ecurity'. 5elect the appropriate settings( and then clic3 45port. Then you are as3ed to enter the location and file name of the #2/ to be created( and clic3 %ave to e1port the file.
General &age of 4#* O&tions dialog

<n the General page( you can choose which pages to include in the #2/( the type of compression to use for images %which affects the @uality of images in the #2/'( and other options. Lange section All& C1ports the entire document to #2/.
Pages& To e1port a range of pages( use the format &6. %pages 3 to E'. To e1port single
pages( use the format #Y9Y11 %pages D( B and 11'. You can also e1port a combination of page ranges and single pages( by using a format li3e &6.Y-Y12Y1$.
%election& C1ports all the selected material.
3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing " 783
(igure 7&8: General page of 'D( Options dialog mages section !ossless compression& Fmages are stored without any loss of @uality. Tends to ma3e large files when used with photographs. .ecommended for other 3inds of images or graphics.
@P4+ compression& *llows for )arying degrees of @uality. * setting of B0m wor3s well with
photographs %small file si4e( little perceptible loss of @uality'.
Leduce image resolution& $ower 2#F %dots per inch' images ha)e lower @uality. /or
)iewing on a computer screen( generally a resolution of D2dpi %for -indows' or BEdpi % !"/$inu1' is sufficient( while for printing it is generally preferable to use at least 300 or E00dpi( depending on the capability of the printer. ,igher 2#F settings greatly increase the si4e of the e1ported file.
C#5 %Cncapsulated #ost5cript' images with embedded pre)iews are e1ported only as pre)iews. C#5 images without embedded pre)iews are e1ported as empty placeholders.
>ote
,atermark section %ign with ,atermark: -hen this option is selected( a transparent o)erlay of the te1t you enter into the ,atermark )e5t bo1 will appear on each page of the #2/. +eneral section 4mbed "pen/ocument file& 0a3es this #2/ easily editable in $ibre<ffice or similar programs.
P/FDA61a& #2//* is an F5< standard for long7term preser)ation of documents( by

embedding all the information necessary for faithful reproduction %such as fonts' while forbidding other elements %including forms( security( and encryption'. #2/ tags are written. Ff you select #2//*71a( the forbidden elements are grayed7out %not a)ailable'.
)agged P/F& Tagged #2/ contains information about the structure of the documentGs
contents. This can help to display the document on de)ices with different screens( and
when using screen reader software. 5ome tags that are e1ported are table of contents( hyperlin3s( and controls. This option can increase file si4es significantly.
Create P/F form 6 %ubmit format: Choose the format of submitting forms from within the
#2/ file. This setting o)errides the controlGs ".$ property that you set in the document. There is only one common setting )alid for the whole #2/ document& #2/ %sends the whole document'( /2/ %sends the control contents'( ,T0$( and N0$. 0ost often you will choose the #2/ format.
45port bookmarks: C1ports headings in -riter documents( and page or slide names in
Fmpress and 2raw documents( as Kboo3mar3sL %a table of contents list displayed by most #2/ )iewers( including *dobe .eader'.
45port comments& C1ports comments as #2/ notes. You may not want thisn 45port automatically inserted blank pages& Ff selected( automatically inserted blan3
pages are e1ported to the #2/. This is best if you are printing the #2/ double7sided. /or e1ample( boo3s usually ha)e chapters set to always start on an odd7numbered %right7hand' page. -hen the pre)ious chapter ends on an odd page( $ibre<ffice inserts a blan3 page between the two odd pages. This option controls whether to e1port that blan3 page.
4mbed standard fonts: !ormally the 1= standard #ost5cript fonts are not embedded in a
#2/ file( because #2/ reader software already contains these fonts. ,owe)er( you can choose to embed these fonts in all #2/ documents created by $ibre<ffice to enhance display accuracy in #2/ )iewers. /ont embedding may also be re@uired by some printers.
.nitial 8iew &age of 4#* O&tions dialog

<n the -nitial Diew page %/igure 2B0'( you can choose how the #2/ opens by default in a #2/ )iewer. The selections should be self7e1planatory. Ff you ha)e Comple1 Te1t $ayout enabled %in )ools < "ptions < !anguage settings < !anguages'( an additional selection is a)ailable under 3ontinuous facing& First page is left %normally( the first page is on the right when using the 3ontinuous facing option'.
(igure 78!: -nitial Diew page of 'D( Options dialog
ser .nterface &age of 4#* O&tions dialog

<n the +ser -nterface page %/igure 2B1'( you can choose more settings to control how a #2/ )iewer displays the file. 5ome of these choices are particularly useful when you are creating a #2/ to be used as a presentation or a 3ios37type display.
3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing " 78#
(igure 78): +ser -nterface page of 'D( Options dialog ,indow options section Lesi7e window to initial page. Causes the #2/ )iewer window to resi4e to fit the first page of the #2/.
Center window on screen. Causes the #2/ )iewer window to be centered on the
computer screen.
"pen in full screen mode. Causes the #2/ )iewer to open full7screen instead of in a
smaller window.
/isplay document title. Causes the #2/ )iewer to display the documentGs title in the title
bar. (ser interface options section ;ide menu bar. Causes the #2/ )iewer to hide the menu bar.
;ide toolbar. Causes the #2/ )iewer to hide the toolbar. ;ide window controls. Causes the #2/ )iewer to hide other window controls.
)ransitions Fn Fmpress( displays slide transition effects as their respecti)e #2/ effects. 0ookmarks 5elect how many heading le)els are displayed as boo3mar3s( if <0port boo2mar2s is selected on the eneral page.
Lin"s &age of 4#* O&tions dialog

<n the Lin2s page( you can choose how lin3s are e1ported to #2/.
(igure 787: Lin2s page of 'D( Options dialog

45port bookmarks as named destinations Ff you ha)e defined -riter boo3mar3s( Fmpress or 2raw slide names( or Calc sheet names( this option e1ports them as Knamed destinationsL to which -eb pages and #2/ documents can lin3. Convert document references to P/F targets Ff you ha)e defined lin3s to other documents with <pen2ocument e1tensions %such as .odt( .ods( and .odp'( this option con)erts the files? e1tensions to .pdf in the e1ported #2/ document. 45port (L!s relative to file system Ff you ha)e defined relati)e lin3s in a document( this option e1ports those lin3s to the #2/. Cross6document links 2efines the beha)ior of lin3s clic3ed in #2/ files.
Securit' &age of 4#* O&tions dialog

#2/ e1port includes options to encrypt the #2/ %so it cannot be opened without a password' and apply some digital rights management %2.0' features.
-ith an open password set( the #2/ can only be opened with the password. <nce opened(
there are no restrictions on what the user can do with the document %for e1ample( print( copy( or change it'.
-ith a permissions password set( the #2/ can be opened by anyone( but its permissions
can be restricted. 5ee /igure 2B3. *fter you set a password for permissions( the other choices on the 5ecurity page become a)ailable.
-ith both the open password and permission password set( the #2/ can only be opened
with the correct password( and its permissions can be restricted.
>ote
#ermissions settings are effecti)e only if the userGs #2/ )iewer respects the settings.
(igure 783: Securit/ page of 'D( Options dialog
3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing " 78%
/igure 2B= shows the pop7up dialog displayed when you clic3 the %et open password button on the 5ecurity page of the #2/ <ptions dialog.
(igure 78 : Setting a password to encr/pt a 'D(
45porting to other formats

$ibre<ffice uses the term Ke1portL for some file operations in)ol)ing a change of file type. Ff you cannot find what you want under File < %ave As( loo3 under File < 45port as well. $ibre<ffice can e1port files to N,T0$. Fn addition( 2raw and Fmpress can e1port to *dobe /lash %5-/' and a range of image formats. To e1port to one of these formats( choose File < 45port. <n the C1port dialog( specify a file name for the e1ported document( then select the re@uired format in the (ile format list and clic3 the 45port button.
46mailing documents
$ibre<ffice pro)ides se)eral ways to send documents @uic3ly and easily as e7mail attachments in one of three formats& <pen2ocument %$ibre<fficeGs default format'( 0icrosoft <ffice formats( or #2/.
>ote
2ocuments can only be sent from the $ibre<ffice menu if a mail profile has been set up in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice ,riter < 1ail 1erge 46mail.
To send the current document in <pen2ocument format& 1' Choose File < %end < /ocument as 46mail. $ibre<ffice opens your default e7mail program. The document is attached. 2' Fn your e7mail program( enter the recipient( subIect( and any te1t you want to add( then send the e7mail.
File < %end < 46mail as "pen/ocument A)e5t( %preadsheet( or Presentation' has the same effect. Ff you choose 46mail as 1icrosoft Q,ord( 45cel( or PowerpointR( $ibre<ffice first creates a file in one of those formats and then opens your e7mail program with the file attached. 5imilarly( if you choose 46mail as P/F( $ibre<ffice first creates a #2/ using your default #2/ settings %as when using the 45port /irectly as P/F toolbar button' and then opens your email program with the #2/ file attached.
46mailing a document to several recipients

To e7mail a document to se)eral recipients( you can use the features in your e7mail program or you can use $ibre<fficeGs mail merge facilities to e1tract email addresses from an address boo3. You can use $ibre<fficeGs mail merge to send e7mail in two ways&
"se the 0ail 0erge -i4ard to create the document and send it. 5ee Chapter 11( "sing 0ail
0erge( in the :riter Guide for details.
Create the document in -riter without using the -i4ard( then use the -i4ard to send it.
This method is described here. To use the 0ail 0erge -i4ard to send a pre)iously7created -riter document& 1' Clic3 )ools < 1ail 1erge ,i7ard. <n the first page of the wi4ard( select (se the current document and clic3 >e5t.
(igure 78#: Select starting document
3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing " 788
2' <n the second page( select 46mail message and clic3 >e5t.
(igure 78$: Select document t/pe 3' <n the third page( clic3 the %elect Address !ist button. 5elect the re@uired address list %e)en if only one is shown' and then clic3 "8. %Ff the address list you need is not shown here( you can clic3 Add to find it and add it to the list.'
(igure 78%: Selecting an address list
3!! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
=' 6ac3 on the 5elect address list page( clic3 >e5t. <n the Create salutation page( deselect )his document should contain a salutation.
(igure 78&: Deselecting a salutation A' Fn the left7hand list( clic3 -. %ave3 print or send. $ibre<ffice displays a KCreating documentsL message and then displays the SaveF print or send page of the -i4ard. E' 5elect %end merged document as 461ail. The lower part of the page changes to show e7 mail settings choices.
(igure 788: Sending a document as an email message D' Type a subIect for your email and clic3 %end documents. $ibre<ffice sends the e7mails.
3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-mailing " 3!)
/igital signing of documents

To sign a document digitally( you need a personal 3ey( also 3nown as a certificate. * personal 3ey is stored on your computer as a combination of a pri)ate 3ey( which must be 3ept secret( and a public 3ey( which you add to your documents when you sign them. You can get a certificate from a certification authority( which may be a pri)ate company or a go)ernmental institution. -hen you apply a digital signature to a document( a 3ind of chec3sum is computed from the documentGs content plus your personal 3ey. The chec3sum and your public 3ey are stored together with the document. -hen someone later opens the document on any computer with a recent )ersion of $ibre<ffice( the program will compute the chec3sum again and compare it with the stored chec3sum. Ff both are the same( the program will signal that you see the original( unchanged document. Fn addition( the program can show you the public 3ey information from the certificate. You can compare the public 3ey with the public 3ey that is published on the web site of the certificate authority. -hene)er someone changes something in the document( this change brea3s the digital signature. <n -indows operating systems( the -indows features of )alidating a signature are used. <n 5olaris and $inu1 systems( files that are supplied by Thunderbird( 0o4illa or /irefo1 are used. /or a more detailed description of how to get and manage a certificate( and signature )alidation( see K*bout 2igital 5ignaturesL in the $ibre<ffice ,elp. To sign a document& 1' Choose File < /igital %ignatures. 2' Ff you ha)e not sa)ed the document since the last change( a message bo1 appears. Clic3 Ces to sa)e the file. 3' *fter sa)ing( you see the 2igital 5ignatures dialog. Clic3 Add to add a public 3ey to the document. =' Fn the 5elect Certificate dialog( select your certificate and clic3 "8. A' You see again the 2igital 5ignatures dialog( where you can add more certificates if you want. Clic3 "8 to add the public 3ey to the sa)ed file. * signed document shows an icon in the status bar. You can double7clic3 the icon to )iew the certificate.
Lemoving personal data

You may wish to ensure that personal data( )ersions( notes( hidden information( or recorded changes are remo)ed from files before you send them to other people or create #2/s from them. Fn )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < %ecurity < "ptions( you can set $ibre<ffice to remind %warn' you when files contain certain information and remo)e personal information automatically on sa)ing. To remo)e personal and some other data from a file( go to File < Properties. <n the General tab( unchec3 Apply user data and then clic3 the Leset button. This remo)es any names in the created and modified fields( deletes the modification and printing dates( and resets the editing time to 4ero( the creation date to the current date and time( and the )ersion number to 1. To remo)e )ersion information( either %a' go to File < =ersions( select the )ersions from the list and clic3 /eleteY or %b' use File < %ave As and sa)e the file with a different name.
3!7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
3hapter )) GraphicsF the Galler/F and (ontwor2
ntroduction
You can add graphic and image files( including photos( drawings( scanned images( and others( to $ibre<ffice documents. $ibre<ffice can import )arious )ector %line drawing' and raster %bitmap' file formats. The most commonly used graphic formats are F/( +# ( #! ( and 60#. 5ee *ppendi1 6 for a full list of the graphic formats $ibre<ffice can import. raphics in $ibre<ffice are of three basic types&
Fmage files( such as photos( drawings( and scanned images 2iagrams created using $ibre<fficeGs drawing tools Charts created using $ibre<fficeGs Chart component
This chapter co)ers images and diagrams. 0ore detailed descriptions on wor3ing with drawing tools can be found in the Draw Guide and -mpress Guide. Fnstructions on how to create charts are gi)en in the 3alc Guide.
Adding images to a document

Fmages can be added to a document in se)eral ways& by inserting an image file( directly from a graphics program or a scanner( or by copying and pasting from a source being )iewed on your computer.
nserting an image file

-hen the image is in a file stored on the computer( you can insert it into a $ibre<ffice document using either of the following methods.
#rag and dro&

1' <pen a file browser window and locate the image you want to insert. 2' 2rag the image into the $ibre<ffice document and drop it where you want it to appear. * faint )ertical line mar3s where the image will be dropped. This method embeds %sa)es a copy of' the image file in the document. To lin3 the file instead of embedding it( hold down the 3trl4Shift 3eys while dragging the image.
.nsert 4icture dialog

1' Clic3 in the $ibre<ffice document where you want the image to appear. 2' Choose nsert < Picture < From File from the menu bar. 3' <n the Fnsert #icture dialog( na)igate to the file to be inserted( and select it. *t the bottom of the dialog %/igure 300' are two options( Preview and !ink. 5elect Preview to )iew a thumbnail of the selected image in the pre)iew pane on the right( so that you can )erify that you ha)e the correct file. 5ee page 30A for the use of !ink. =' Clic3 "pen.
Ff you choose the !ink option( a message bo1 appears when you clic3 "pen. The message states that the picture will not be stored with the document( but only referenced as a lin3( and as3s if you want to embed the graphic instead. Choose 8eep !ink if you want the lin3( or 4mbed +raphic if you do not. To pre)ent this message from appearing again( deselect the bo1 by Ask when linking a graphic at the bottom of the message.
>ote
(igure 3!!. -nsert picture dialog
!inking an image file

Ff the !ink option in the Fnsert picture dialog is selected( $ibre<ffice creates a lin3 to the file containing the image instead of sa)ing a copy of the image in the document. The result is that the image is displayed in the document( but when the document is sa)ed( it contains only a reference to the image file[not the image itself. The document and the image remain as two separate files( and they are merged together only when you open the document again. $in3ing an image has two ad)antages and one disad)antage&
*d)antage $in3ing can reduce the si4e of the document when it is sa)ed( because the
image file itself is not included. /ile si4e is usually not a problem on a modern computer with a reasonable amount of memory( unless the document includes many large graphics filesS $ibre<ffice can handle @uite large files.
*d)antage You can modify the image file separately without changing the document
because the lin3 to the file remains )alid( and the modified image will appear when you ne1t open the document. This can be a big ad)antage if you %or someone else( perhaps a graphic artist' is updating images.
2isad)antage Ff you send the document to someone else( or mo)e it to a different

computer( you must also send the image files( or the recei)er will not be able to see the lin3ed images. You need to 3eep trac3 of the location of the images and ma3e sure the recipient 3nows where to put them on another machine( so that the document can find them. /or e1ample( you might 3eep images in a subfolder named Fmages %under the folder containing the document'S the recipient of the file needs to put the images in a subfolder with the same name and in the same place relati)e to the document.
-hen inserting the same image se)eral times in the document( it would appear beneficial to lin3 rather than embedS howe)er( this is not necessary as $ibre<ffice embeds only one copy of the image file in the document.
>ote
E)bedding lin"ed i)ages

Ff you originally lin3ed the images( you can easily embed one or more of them later if you wish. To do so& 1' <pen the document in $ibre<ffice and choose 4dit < !inks.
3hapter )) GraphicsF the Galler/F and (ontwor2 " 3!#
2' The Cdit $in3s dialog %/igure 301' shows all the lin3ed files. Fn the Source file list( select the files you want to change from lin3ed to embedded. 3' Clic3 the 0reak !ink button. =' 5a)e the document.
>ote
oing the other way( from embedded to lin3ed( is not so easy[you must delete and reinsert the images( one at a time( selecting the !ink option when you do so.
(igure 3!): *he <dit Lin2s dialog
nserting an image from the clipboard

"sing the clipboard( you can copy images into a $ibre<ffice document from another $ibre<ffice document and from other programs. To do this& 1' <pen both the source document and the target document. 2' Fn the source document( select the image to be copied. 3' 0o)e the mouse pointer o)er the selected image and press 3trl43 to copy the image to the clipboard. =' 5witch to the target document. A' Clic3 to place the cursor where the graphic is to be inserted. E' #ress 3trl4D to insert the image.
Caution
Ff the application from which the graphic was copied is closed before the graphic is pasted into the target( the image stored on the clipboard could be lost.
nserting an image using a scanner

Ff a scanner is connected to your computer( $ibre<ffice can call the scanning application and insert the scanned item into the $ibre<ffice document as an image. To start this procedure( place the cursor where you want the graphic to be inserted and choose nsert < Picture < %can < %elect %ource. *lthough this practice is @uic3 and easy( it is unli3ely to result in a high7@uality image of the correct si4e. You may get better results by scanned material into a graphics program and cleaning it up there before inserting the resulting image into $ibre<ffice.
3!$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
nserting an image from the +allery

The allery pro)ides a con)enient way to group reusable obIects such as graphics and sounds that you can insert into your documents. The allery is a)ailable in all components of $ibre<ffice. 5ee K0anaging the $ibre<ffice alleryK on page 30;. You can copy or lin3 an obIect from the allery into a document. To insert an obIect& 1' Choose )ools < +allery or clic3 the allery icon on the 5tandard toolbar %in -riter and Calc' or the 2rawing toolbar %in Fmpress( -riter( and 2raw'. 2' 5elect a theme. 3' 5elect an obIect with a single clic3. =' 2rag and drop the image into the document. %5ee /igure 302.' You can also right7clic3 on the obIect and choose nsert < Copy. This then causes the raphics toolbar to replace the /ormatting toolbar and opens the #ictures toolbar( doc3ed to the 5tatus bar.
(igure 3!7. 3op/ing a graphic obGect from the Galler/ into a document 5the Cide/Show button for the Galler/ is indicated b/ the ellipse6 To insert an obIect as a lin3& 1' Choose )ools < +allery and select a theme. 2' 5elect an obIect with a single clic3( then while pressing the Shift and 3trl 3eys( drag and drop the obIect into the document.
3hapter )) GraphicsF the Galler/F and (ontwor2 " 3!%
nserting an image as a background

To insert an image as the bac3ground to a page or paragraph& 1' Choose )ools < +allery and select a theme. 2' 5elect an obIect with a single clic3( right7clic3 on the obIect( and choose nsert < 0ackground < Page or < Paragraph.
1odifying and positioning graphics

$ibre<ffice pro)ides many tools for resi4ing( modifying( filtering( and positioning graphicsS wrapping te1t around graphicsS and using graphics as bac3grounds and watermar3s. These tools are described in rele)ant chapters of the other guides. 5ome sophisticated adIustments of the graphics are best done in an image manipulation program and the results brought into $ibre<ffice( rather than using $ibre<fficeGs inbuilt tools.
1anaging the !ibre"ffice +allery

raphics in the allery are grouped by themes( such as 6ullets( .ulers( and 6ac3grounds. You can create other groups or themes and add your own pictures or find e1tensions containing more graphics. The bo1 on the left of the gallery window lists the a)ailable themes. Clic3 on a theme to see its contents displayed in the allery window. You can display the allery in -con Diew %/igure 303' or Detailed Diew( and you can hide or show the allery by clic3ing on the Cide button %similar to the ,ide button for the !a)igator and the 5tyles and /ormatting windows when they are doc3ed'.
(igure 3!3. -con view of one theme in the Galler/ 6y default( the allery is doc3ed abo)e the wor3space. To e1pand the allery( position the pointer o)er the line that di)ides it from the top of the wor3space. -hen the pointer changes to parallel lines with arrows( clic3 and drag downward. The wor3space resi4es in response. *s with other doc3ed windows( you can KfloatL the allery by mo)ing the mouse pointer o)er an edge of the allery window( holding down the 3trl 3ey( and double7clic3ing. .epeat this procedure to doc3 the allery again. The default themes are loc3edS no items can be added to or deleted from these themes. The loc3ed themes are easily recogni4able by right7clic3ing on themS the only a)ailable option in the pop7up menu is Properties. Fn a default installation( only the ;/ themes theme is customi4able( although new themes can be added as e1plained in K*dding a new theme to the alleryL on page 310.
3!& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Adding obGects to the +allery

You may wish to add to the allery any images that you use fre@uently( for e1ample( a company logo. You can then )ery easily insert these graphics into a document later. You can add images only to K0y ThemeL or to any other theme that you ha)e createdS these are indicated by a differently colored icon from the defaults( in the list of themes. You cannot add images to the built7in themes. 1ethod 1 %selecting a file' 1' .ight7clic3 on the desired theme and select #roperties from the conte1t menu. 2' Fn the themeGs #roperties dialog( go to the (iles page and clic3 the Find Files button. 3' The 5elect path dialog %not shown' opens. You can enter the path for the fileGs directory in the 'ath te1t bo1( or you can na)igate to locate the fileGs directory. =' Clic3 the %elect button to start the search. * list of graphic files is then displayed in the #roperties dialog. You can use the (ile t/pe drop7down list to limit the files displayed. A' To add all of the files shown in the list( clic3 Add All. <therwise( select the files to add and then clic3 Add. %,old down either the 5hift 3ey or the 3trl 3ey while you clic3 on the files.'
(igure 3! . Galler/ 'roperties dialog 1ethod $ %drag and drop' You can drag and drop an image into the allery from a document. 1' <pen the document containing an image you want to add to the allery( and display the allery theme to which you want to add it. 2' #osition the mouse pointer abo)e the image( without clic3ing. 3' Ff the mouse pointer changes to a hand symbol( the image refers to a hyperlin3. Fn this case( press the ?lt 3ey while you clic3 the image( to select it without acti)ating the lin3. Ff the mouse pointer does not change to a hand symbol( you can simply clic3 the image to select it. =' <nce the image is selected( e)ident from the colored selection handles around it( release the mouse button. Clic3 again on the image( 3eeping the mouse button pressed for more than two seconds. -ithout releasing the mouse button( drag the image into the allery. A' .elease the mouse button.
/eleting images from the +allery

To delete an image from a theme that you created& 1' .ight7clic3 on the name of the image file or its thumbnail in the allery. 2' Clic3 /elete in the conte1t menu. * message appears( as3ing if you want to delete this obIect. Clic3 Ces.
>ote
2eleting the name of a file from the list in the allery does not delete the file from the hard dis3 or other location. This includes the drag7drop folder in the allery.
3hapter )) GraphicsF the Galler/F and (ontwor2 " 3!8
Adding a new theme to the +allery

To add a new theme to the allery& 1' Clic3 the >ew )heme button abo)e the list of themes %/igure 303'. 2' Fn the #roperties of !ew Theme dialog( clic3 the General tab and type a name for the new theme. 3' Clic3 the (iles tab and add images to the theme( as described earlier.
/eleting a theme from the +allery

You can delete only themes that you ha)e added to the alleryS you cannot delete any of the built7in themes. To delete a theme from the allery& 1' o to )ools < +allery. 2' Fn the left part of the allery( select in the list the theme you wish to delete. 3' .ight7clic3 on the theme( then clic3 /elete on the pop7up menu.
!ocation of the +allery and the obGects in it

raphics and other obIects shown in the allery can be located anywhere on your computerGs hard dis3( on a networ3 dri)e( or on a C27.<0. $istings in the allery show the location of each obIect. -hen you add graphics to the allery using method 1( the files are not mo)ed or copiedS only the location of each new obIect is added as a reference. -hen files are added using drag and drop( they are copied into a folder %dragdrop' in the allery( and allocated a file name. /igure 30A shows in Detailed Diew( two files in the ;/ *heme in the allery( one is contained in the dragdrop folder( and the other is a reference path to its actual location.
(igure 3!#: *heme showing files inserted with drag-and-drop and b/ reference Fn a wor3group( you may ha)e access to a shared allery %where you cannot change the contents unless authori4ed to do so' and a user allery( where you can add( change( or delete obIects. The location of the user allery is specified in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < Paths. You can change this location( and you can copy your gallery files %SDV' to other computers. allery contents pro)ided with $ibre<ffice are stored in a different location. You cannot change this location.
Creating an image map

*n image map defines areas of an image %called hotspots' with hyperlin3s to web addresses( other files on the computer( or parts of the same document. ,otspots are the graphic e@ui)alent of te1t hyperlin3s %described in Chapter 12'. Clic3ing on a hotspot causes $ibre<ffice to open the lin3ed page in the appropriate program %for e1ample( the default browser for an ,T0$ pageS $ibre<ffice Calc for an <25 fileS a #2/ )iewer for a #2/ file'. You can create hotspots of )arious shapes and include se)eral hotspots in the same image.
3)! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
To use the image map editor& 1' Fn your $ibre<ffice document( select the picture where you want to define the hotspots. 2' Choose 4dit < mage1ap from the menu bar. The Fmage0ap Cditor %/igure 30E' opens. 3' "se the tools and fields in the dialog %described below' to define the hotspots and lin3s necessary. =' Clic3 the Apply icon to apply the settings.
A' -hen done( clic3 the %ave icon to sa)e the image map to a file( then clic3 the E in the upper right corner to close the dialog.
(igure 3!$: *he dialog to create or edit an image map The main part of the dialog shows the image on which the hotspots are defined. * hotspot is identified by a line indicating its shape. The toolbar at the top of the dialog contains the following tools&
Apply button& clic3 this button to apply the changes. !oad3 %ave3 and %elect icons. Tools for drawing a hotspot shape& these tools wor3 in e1actly the same way as the
corresponding tools in the 2rawing toolbar.
4dit( 1ove( nsert( /elete Points& ad)anced editing tools to manipulate the shape of a
polygon hotspot. Choose the Cdit #oints tool to acti)ate the other tools.
Active icon& toggles the status of a selected hotspot between acti)e and inacti)e. 1acro& associates a macro with the hotspot instead of Iust associating a hyperlin3. Properties& sets the hyperlin3 properties and adds the !ame attribute to the hyperlin3.
3hapter )) GraphicsF the Galler/F and (ontwor2 " 3))
6elow the toolbar( specify for the selected hotspot&
Address: the address pointed to by the hyperlin3. You can also point to an anchor in a
documentS to do this( write the address in this format& +ileI000EpathC0document#name?anchor#name
)e5t& type the te1t that you want to be displayed when the mouse pointer is mo)ed o)er the
hotspot.
Frame: where the target of the hyperlin3 will open& pic3 among Mblan3 %opens in a new
browser window'( Mself %opens in the acti)e browser window'( Mtop or Mparent.
The )alue Mself for the target frame will usually wor3 Iust fine. Ft is therefore not recommended to use the other choices unless absolutely necessary.
)ip
(sing !ibre"fficePs drawing tools

You can use $ibre<fficeGs drawing tools to create graphics such as simple diagrams using rectangles( circles( lines( te1t( and other predefined shapes. You can also group se)eral drawing obIects to ma3e sure they maintain their relati)e position and proportion. You can place the drawing obIects directly on a page in your document( or you can insert them into a frame. You can also use the drawing tools to annotate photographs( screen captures( or other illustrations produced by other programs( but this is not recommended because&
You cannot include images in a group with drawing obIects( so they may get out of
alignment in your document.
Ff you con)ert a document to another format( such as ,T0$( the drawing obIects and the
graphics will not remain associatedS they are sa)ed separately. Fn general( if you need to create comple1 drawings( it is recommended to use $ibre<ffice 2raw( which includes many more features such as layers( styles( and so on.
Creating drawing obGects

To begin using the drawing tools( display the 2rawing toolbar %/igure 30D' by clic3ing =iew < )oolbars < /rawing. Ff you are planning to use the drawing tools repeatedly( you can tear off this toolbar and mo)e it to a con)enient place on the window.
1 $ & * '
5elect $ine $ine Cnds with *rrow .ectangle Cllipse
. # 9 12
Te1t Cur)e Connector $ines and *rrows 6asic 5hapes
11 1$ 1& 1* 1'
5ymbol 5hapes 6loc3 arrows /lowcharts Callouts 5tars
1. 1# 119 $2 $1
#oints lue #oints /ontwor3 allery /rom /ile allery C1trusion <n/<ff
(igure 3!%. *he Drawing toolbar
3)7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
To use a drawing tool& 1' Clic3 in the document where you want the drawing to be anchored. You can change the anchor later( if necessary. 2' Choose the tool from the 2rawing toolbar %/igure 30D'. The mouse pointer changes to a drawing7functions pointer . 3' 0o)e the cross7hair pointer to the place in the document where you want the graphic to appear and then clic3 and drag to create the drawing obIect. .elease the mouse button. The selected drawing function remains acti)e( so that you can draw another obIect of the same type. =' To cancel the selected drawing function( press the <sc 3ey or clic3 on the %elect icon %the arrow' on the 2rawing toolbar. A' You can now change the properties %fill color( line type and weight( anchoring( and others' of the drawing obIect using either the 2rawing <bIect #roperties toolbar %/igure 30;' or the choices and dialogs reached by right7clic3ing on the drawing obIect.
Set or change properties for drawing objects

To set the properties for a drawing obIect before you draw it& 1' <n the 2rawing toolbar %/igure 30D'( clic3 the %elect tool. 2' <n the 2rawing <bIect #roperties toolbar %/igure 30;'( clic3 on the icon for each property and select the )alue you want for that property. 3' /or more control( or to define new attributes( you can clic3 on the Area or !ine icons on the toolbar to display detailed dialogs.
1 5tyles and /ormatting 2 $ine 3 *rrow 5tyle
4 $ine 5tyle 5 $ine -idth $ine Color
7 *rea 8 *rea 5tyle / /illing ! 5hadow
10 Cffects 11 *lignment 12 *rrange
(igure 3!&. Drawing ObGect 'roperties toolbar The default you set applies to the current document and session. Ft is not retained when you close the document or close -riter( and it does not apply to any other document you open. The defaults apply to all the drawing obIects e1cept te1t obIects. To change the properties for an e1isting drawing obIect& 1' 5elect the obIect. 2' Continue as described abo)e. You can also specify the position and si4e( rotation( and slant and corner radius properties of the drawing obIect& 1' .ight7clic3 on the drawing obIect and then choose Position and %i7e from the conte1t menu. The #osition and 5i4e dialog is displayed. 2' Choose any properties( as re@uired.
3hapter )) GraphicsF the Galler/F and (ontwor2 " 3)3
Lesi7ing a drawing obGect

*n obIect is resi4ed in a similar way to an image. 5elect the obIect( clic3 on one of the eight handles around it and drag it to its new position. /or a scaled resi4ing( select one of the corner handles and 3eep the Shift 3ey pressed while dragging the handle to its new position. /or more sophisticated control of the si4e of the obIect( choose Format < "bGect < Position and %i7e from the menu bar. "se the #osition and 5i4e dialog to set the width and height independently. Ff the 8eep ratio option is selected( then the two dimensions change so that the proportion is maintained( allowing for a scaled resi4ing.
+rouping drawing obGects

To group drawing obIects& 1' 5elect one obIect( then hold down the Shift 3ey and select the others you want to include in the group. The bounding bo1 e1pands to include all the selected obIects. 2' -ith the obIects selected( ho)er the mouse pointer o)er one of the obIects and choose Format < +roup < +roup from the menu bar or right7clic3 and choose +roup < +roup from the pop7up menu.
>ote
You cannot include an embedded or lin3ed graphic in a group with drawing obIects.
(sing Fontwork
-ith /ontwor3 you can create graphical te1t art obIects to ma3e your wor3 more attracti)e. There are many different settings for te1t art obIects %line( area( position( si4e( and more'( so you ha)e a large choice. You will surely find one that fits your document. /ontwor3 is a)ailable with each component of $ibre<ffice( but you will notice small differences in the way that each component displays it.
)he Fontwork toolbars

You can use two different toolbars for creating and editing a /ontwor3 obIect. Choose either =iew < )oolbars < Fontwork or =iew < )oolbars < /rawing.
(igure 3!8. *he floating (ontwor2 toolbar Ff you clic3 on an e1isting /ontwor3 obIect( the /ormatting toolbar changes to display the /ontwor3 options as shown in /igure 31=. The contents of this toolbar )ary depending on the $ibre<ffice component with which it is being used.
Creating a Fontwork obGect

1' <n the chosen toolbar( clic3 the /ontwor3 allery icon . 2' Fn the /ontwor3 allery %/igure 310'( select a /ontwor3 style( then clic3 "8. The /ontwor3 obIect will appear in your document. !otice the colored s@uares around the edge %indicating that the obIect is selected' and the yellow dotS these are discussed in K0o)ing and resi4ing /ontwor3 obIectsL on page 31B.
3) " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 3)!. *he (ontwor2 Galler/ 3' 2ouble7clic3 the obIect to edit the /ontwor3 te1t %see /igure 311'. 5elect the te1t and type your own te1t in place of the blac3 (ontwor2 te1t that appears o)er the obIect. =' Clic3 anywhere in a free space or press <sc to apply your changes.
(igure 3)). <diting (ontwor2 te0t
4diting a Fontwork obGect

!ow that the /ontwor3 obIect is created( you can edit some of its attributes. To do this( you can use the /ontwor3 toolbar( the /ormatting toolbar( or menu options as described in this section. Ff the selected /ontwor3 obIect is a 372 obIect( you can also use the 3275ettings toolbar.
3hapter )) GraphicsF the Galler/F and (ontwor2 " 3)#
sing the *ontwor" toolbar

0a3e sure that the /ontwor3 toolbar( shown in /igure 30B( is )isible. Ff you do not see it( go to =iew < )oolbars < Fontwork. Clic3 on the different icons to edit /ontwor3 obIects. /ontwor3 5hape& Cdits the shape of the selected obIect. You can choose from a palette of shapes.
(igure 3)7. (ontwor2 toolbar showing palette of shapes /ontwor3 5ame $etter ,eights& Changes the height of characters in the obIect. Toggles between normal height %some characters taller than others( for e1ample capital letters( d( h( l and others' and all letters the same height.
(igure 3)3. Left: normal lettersE right: same letter heights /ontwor3 *lignment& Changes the alignment of characters. Choices are left align( center( right align( word Iustify( and stretch Iustify. The effects of the te1t alignment can only be seen if the te1t spans o)er two or more lines. Fn the stretch Iustify mode( all the lines are filled completely.
/ontwor3 Character 5pacing& Changes the character spacing and 3erning in the obIect. 5elect from the choices in the drop7 down list.
3)$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
sing the *or)atting toolbar

!ow let us go further and customi4e the /ontwor3 obIect with se)eral more attributes. Clic3 on the /ontwor3 obIect. The /ormatting toolbar changes to show the options for editing the obIect. %The toolbar shown in /igure 31= appears when you use /ontwor3 in -riter.'
(igure 3) . (ormatting toolbar for a (ontwor2 obGect in :riter This figure shows the toolbar floating. Fn its default( doc3ed position it is one of the toolbars located below the menu bar. The e1ample toolbar has also been customi4ed to show all of the a)ailable optionsS by default only a subset of these options is shown. <n the /ormatting toolbar you ha)e a large choice of options for customi4ing your obIect. These choices are the same as the ones for other drawing obIects. /or more information( see the Draw Guide. !ine options !ine icon& <pens a dialog with three tabs& !ine( !ine %tyles( Arrow %tyles. "se the !ine tab to edit the most common properties of the line around the selected /ontwor3 obIect( by choosing from pre)iously7defined attributes including line style( line color( and arrow styles. "se the !ine %tyles and Arrow %tyles tabs to edit the properties of line and arrow styles( and define new styles. Arrow %tyle icon& Choose from the different arrow styles. !ine %tyle bo1& Choose from the a)ailable line styles. !ine ,idth bo1& 5et the width of the line. !ine Color bo1& 5elect the color of the line. Area options Area icon& <pens a dialog with se)en tabs& Area( %hadow( )ransparency( Colors( +radients( ;atching( 0itmaps.
Area tab& Choose from the predefined list a color( bitmap( gradient or hatching pattern to fill
the selected obIect.
%hadow tab& 5et the shadow properties of the selected obIect. )ransparency tab& 5et the transparency properties of the selected obIect.
3hapter )) GraphicsF the Galler/F and (ontwor2 " 3)%
Colors tab& 0odify the a)ailable colors or add new ones to appear on the *rea tab. +radients tab& 0odify the a)ailable gradients or add new ones to appear on the *rea tab. ;atching tab& 0odify the a)ailable hatching patterns or add new ones to appear on the
*rea tab.
0itmaps tab& Create simple bitmap patterns and import bitmaps( to ma3e them a)ailable
on the *rea tab. Area %tyle D Filling bo1es& 5elect the type of the fill of the selected obIect. /or more detailed settings( use the *rea icon. Positioning options Lotate icon& .otate the selected obIect manually using the mouse to drag the obIect. )o Foreground icon& 0o)e the selected obIect in front of the te1t. )o 0ackground icon& 0o)e the selected obIect behind the te1t. Alignment icon& 0odify the alignment of the selected obIects. 0ring to front icon& 0o)e the selected obIect in front of the others. %end to back icon& 0o)e the selected obIect behind the others. Change Anchor icon& Choose between anchoring options&
To #age[The obIect 3eeps the same position in relation to the page margins. Ft does not
mo)e as you add or delete te1t.
To #aragraph[The obIect is associated with a paragraph and mo)es with the paragraph. Ft
may be placed in the margin or another location.
To Character[The obIect is associated with a character but is not in the te1t se@uence. Ft
mo)es with the paragraph but may be placed in the margin or another location. This method resembles anchoring to a paragraph.
*s Character[The obIect is placed in the document li3e any character and mo)es with the
paragraph as you add or delete te1t before the obIect. (ngroup icon& "ngroup the selected obIects( so you can manage them indi)idually. +roup icon& roup the selected obIects( so you can manage them as a single obIect.
sing )enu o&tions

You can use some the choices on the Format menu to anchor( align( arrange and group selected /ontwor3 obIects( wrap te1t around them( and flip them hori4ontally and )ertically. You can also right7clic3 on a /ontwor3 obIect and choose many of the same options from the pop7 up menu. The pop7up menu also pro)ides @uic3 access to the $ine( *rea( Te1t( and #osition and 5i4e dialogs. The Te1t dialog offers only a few options for /ontwor3 obIects and is not discussed here. <n the #osition and 5i4e dialog( you can enter precise )alues concerning si4e and position. /or more information on all of these menu options( see the Draw Guide.
sing the <#(Settings toolbar

Ff the selected /ontwor3 obIect is a 372 obIect( you can also use the options on the 3275ettings toolbar. You can also change a 272 /ontwor3 obIect into a 372 obIect %or change a 372 obIect into a 272 obIect' by clic3ing the C1trusion <n/<ff icon on the 3275ettings toolbar. /or more information( see the Draw Guide.
3)& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 3)#: 3D-Settings toolbar
1oving and resi7ing Fontwork obGects

-hen you select a /ontwor3 obIect( eight colored s@uares %3nown as handles' appear around the edge of the obIect( as shown below. You can drag these handles to resi4e the obIect. * yellow dot also appears on the obIect. This dot may be along an edge of the obIect( or it may be somewhere elseS see figure to right for an e1ample. Ff you ho)er the pointer o)er this yellow dot( the pointer turns into a hand symbol. You can drag the dot in different directions to distort the obIect. ,o)ering the pointer o)er other parts of the obIect turns the pointer into the usual symbol for dragging the obIect to another part of the page. /or precise control of the location and si4e of the obIect( use the #osition and 5i4e dialog.
3hapter )) GraphicsF the Galler/F and (ontwor2 " 3)8
3hapter )7 3reating :eb 'ages

Saving Documents as C*;L (iles
ntroduction
This chapter describes how to do the following in -riter( Calc( Fmpress and 2raw&
Create hyperlin3s within a document and to other documents such as web pages( #2/s(
and other files.
5a)e documents as web pages %,T0$ documents'.

-hen creating a document that you plan to deli)er as a web page( you need to consider the following&
Fn an ,T0$ document( hyperlin3s are acti)e %clic3able'( but other cross7references inserted
by $ibre<ffice are not acti)e lin3s.
*n obIect such as a image is sa)ed as a separate file. ,owe)er( if that obIect has been
placed in a frame %for e1ample( with an associated caption'( it is not sa)ed and does not appear in the ,T0$ documentS instead( the name of the frame appears.
Lelative and absolute hyperlinks

,yperlin3s stored within a file can be either relati)e or absolute. * relati)e hyperlin3 says( Cere is how to get there starting from where /ou are now %meaning from the folder in which your current document is sa)ed' while an absolute hyperlin3 says( Cere is how to get there no matter where /ou start from. *n absolute lin3 will stop wor3ing if the target is mo)ed. * relati)e lin3 will stop wor3ing if the start and target locations change relati)e to each other. /or instance( if you ha)e two spreadsheets in the same folder lin3ed to each other and you mo)e the entire folder to a new location( an absolute hyperlin3 will brea3 but a relati)e one will not. To change the way that $ibre<ffice stores the hyperlin3s in your file( select )ools < "ptions < !oadD%ave < +eneral and choose if you want ".$s sa)ed relati)ely when referencing the (ile S/stem( or the -nternet( or both. Calc will always display an absolute hyperlin3. 2o not be alarmed when it does this e)en when you ha)e sa)ed a relati)e hyperlin3. This dabsoluteG target address will be updated if you mo)e the file.
0a3e sure that the folder structure on your computer is the same as the file structure on your web ser)er if you sa)e your lin3s as relati)e to the file system and you are going to upload pages to the Fnternet.
>ote
)ip
-hen you rest the mouse pointer on a hyperlin3( a help tip displays the absolute reference( because $ibre<ffice uses absolute path names internally. The complete path and address can only be seen when you )iew the result of the ,T0$ e1port %sa)ing the spreadsheet as an ,T0$ file'( by loading the ,T0$ file as te1t( or by opening it with a te1t editor.
Creating hyperlinks
-hen you type te1t %such as a website addresses or ".$' that can be used as a hyperlin3( and then press the spacebar or the <nter 3ey( $ibre<ffice automatically creates the hyperlin3 and applies formatting to the te1t %usually a color and underlining'. Ff this does not happen( you can enable this feature by going to )ools < AutoCorrect "ptions < "ptions on the main menu bar and selecting the (L! Lecognition option.
Ff you do not want $ibre<ffice to con)ert a specific ".$ to a hyperlin3( go to 4dit < (ndo nsert on the main menu bar( or press 3trl4@ immediately after the formatting has been applied( or place the cursor in the hyperlin3( right7clic3( and select Lemove ;yperlink from the conte1t menu.
To change the color of hyperlin3s( go to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < Appearance( scroll to +nvisited lin2s and/or Disited lin2s( pic3 the new colors and clic3 "8. Caution& this will change the color for all hyperlin3s in all components of $ibre<fficeS this may not be what you want. Fn -riter and Calc %but not 2raw or Fmpress'( you can also change the -nternet lin2 character style or define and apply new styles to selected lin3s.
)ip
(sing the >avigator

You can insert hyperlin3s using the !a)igator and this is an easy way to insert a hyperlin3 to another part of the same document. 1' <pen the documents containing the items you want to cross7reference. 2' Clic3 on the!a)igator icon ( or go to =iew < >avigator on the main menu bar( or press the (# 3ey to open the !a)igator dialog. 3' Clic3 the triangle to right of the /rag 1ode icon and select nsert as ;yperlink %/igure 31E'. !ote that the 2rag 0ode icon changes shape depending on the type of insert that was pre)iously selected. The default icon for 2rag 0ode is to show the ,yperlin3 icon . =' 5elect the document from the drop down list at the bottom of the !a)igator that contains the item that you want to cross7reference. A' Fn the !a)igator list( select the item that you want to insert as a hyperlin3. E' 2rag the item to where you want to insert the hyperlin3 in the document. The name of the item is inserted in the document as an acti)e hyperlin3.
(igure 3)$: -nserting h/perlin2 using the >avigator -hen using the !a)igator to insert a hyperlin3 to an obIect such as a graphic( it is recommended to ha)e the hyperlin3 show a useful name( for e1ample 7!!8 Sales Graph. You need to gi)e such obIects useful names instead of lea)ing them as the default names( for e1ample raphicsE( or you will ha)e to edit the name of the resulting lin3 using the ,yperlin3 dialog( as described below.
3hapter )7 3reating :eb 'ages " 373
You can also use the !a)igator to insert a hyperlin3 from one document %the source' to a specific place in another document %the target'. <pen the !a)igator in the target document and drag the item to the position in the source document where you want the hyperlin3 to appear.
(sing the ;yperlink dialog

You can the ,yperlin3 dialog to insert a hyperlin3 and modify all hyperlin3s. 1' ,ighlight the e1isting te1t you want to use as a lin3. 2' Clic3 the ;yperlink icon on the 5tandard toolbar or go to nsert < ;yperlink on the main menu bar to open the ,yperlin3 dialog %/igure 31D'. 3' <n the left side( select one of the four categories of hyperlin3&
nternet& the hyperlin3 points to a web address( normally starting with http&//. 1ail K >ews& the hyperlin3 opens an email message that is pre7addressed to a
particular recipient.
/ocument& the hyperlin3 points to another document or to another place in the current
document
>ew document& the hyperlin3 creates a new document.

=' The ,yperlin3 dialog changes depending on the type of hyperlin3 selected. Cnter all necessary details to create the hyperlin3. A' Clic3 Apply to create the hyperlin3 and the ,yperlin3 dialog remains open allowing you to create another hyperlin3. E' Clic3 Close to close the ,yperlin3 dialog.
(igure 3)%. C/perlin2 dialog showing details for -nternet lin2s The dialog changes according to the choice made for the hyperlin3 category in the left panel. * full description of all the choices and their interactions is beyond the scope of this chapter. ,ere is a summary of the most common choices.
/or an -nternet hyperlin3( choose the type of hyperlin3 %-eb( /T#( or Telnet'( and enter the
re@uired web address %".$'.
/or a ;ail and >ews hyperlin3( specify whether it is a mail or news lin3( the address of the
recei)er and( for email( the subIect.
/or a Document hyperlin3( specify the document path %clic3ing "pen File opens a file
browser' or lea)e this blan3 if you want to lin3 to a target in the same document. <ptionally
specify the target in the document %for e1ample a specific slide'. Clic3 the )arget in /ocument icon to open the Target in 2ocument dialog where you can select the type of targetS or( if you 3now the name of the target( you can type it into the bo1.
/or a >ew Document hyperlin3( specify whether to edit the newly created document
immediately %4dit now' or Iust create it %4dit later'. Cnter the file name and select the type of document to create %te1t( spreadsheet( and so on'. Clic3 the %elect Path icon open a file browser and choose where to store the file. to
The (urther settings section in the bottom right part of the dialog is common to all the hyperlin3 categories( although some choices are more rele)ant to some types of lin3s.
Frame )alue determines how the hyperlin3 will open. This applies to documents that open
in a -eb browser.
Form specifies if the lin3 is to be presented as te1t or as a button.5ee the :riter Guide
3hapter )# +sing (orms in :riter for more information.
)e5t specifies the te1t that will be )isible to the user. Ff you do not enter anything here(
$ibre<ffice uses the full ".$ or path as the lin3 te1t. !ote that if the lin3 is relati)e and you mo)e the file( this te1t will not change( though the target will.
>ame is applicable to ,T0$ documents. Ft specifies te1t that will be added as a J49&
attribute in the ,T0$ code behind the hyperlin3.
4vents
& clic3 this icon to open the *ssign 0acro dialog and select a macro to run when the lin3 is clic3ed. 5ee 3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros for more information.
4diting hyperlinks
To edit an e1isting lin3& 1' Clic3 anywhere in the hyperlin3 te1t. 2' Clic3 the ;yperlink icon on the 5tandard toolbar or go to 4dit < ;yperlink on the main menu bar or right7clic3 and select 4dit ;yperlink from the conte1t menu. The ,yperlin3 dialog opens. 3' 0a3e your changes and clic3 Apply to sa)e your changes. The ,yperlin3 dialog remains open allowing you to continue editing hyperlin3s. Clic3 Apply after editing each hyperlin3. =' -hen you are finished editing hyperlin3s( clic3 Close. The standard %default' beha)ior for acti)ating hyperlin3s within $ibre<ffice is to use 3trl4clic2. This beha)ior can be changed in )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < %ecurity < "ptions and deselecting the option Ctrl6click re?uired to follow hyperlinks. Ff clic3ing in your lin3s acti)ates them( chec3 that page to see if the option has been deselected.
Lemoving hyperlinks
You can remo)e the lin3 from hyperlin3 te1t and lea)e Iust the te1t by right7clic3ing on the lin3 and selecting Lemove ;yperlink from the conte1t menu. You may then need to re7apply some formatting to match the te1t with the rest of your document. To erase the lin3 te1t or button from the document completely( select it and press the =ac2space or Delete 3ey.
3hapter )7 3reating :eb 'ages " 37#
Creating web pages using the ,eb ,i7ard

The -eb -i4ard in $ibre<ffice allows you to create se)eral types of standard web pages and is a)ailable all $ibre<ffice modules. ,owe)er( each time you open the -eb -i4ard in a $ibre<ffice module( -riter will automatically start before the -eb -i4ard dialog opens. The -eb -i4ard is lin3ed to -riter and is normally used in -riter for creating web pages. 1' o to File < ,i7ards < ,eb Page on the main menu bar to open the -eb -i4ard dialog %/igure 31;'.
(igure 3)&: -ntroduction page of :eb :i.ard dialog 2' <n the first page of the -i4ard( choose settings and clic3 >e5t <. Ff this is your first web page( the only choice is XdefaultZ. 3' 5elect or browse to the document you would li3e to format. The information for *itle( Summar/ and ?uthor is ta3en from the document properties. Ff necessary( edit this information %/igure 31B'.
(igure 3)8: Documents page of :eb :i.ard dialog

=' Clic3 >e5t < and select a layout for the web site by clic3ing on the layout bo1es %/igure 320'.
(igure 37!: ;ain la/out page of :eb :i.ard dialog A' Clic3 >e5t < to customi4e the layout and select the information to be listed and screen resolution %/igure 321'. E' Clic3 >e5t < and select a style for the page. "se the drop7down list to choose different styles and color combinations. 6rowse to select a bac3ground image and icon set from the allery %/igure 322'.
(igure 37): La/out details page of :eb :i.ard dialog
3hapter )7 3reating :eb 'ages " 37%
(igure 377: St/le page of :eb :i.ard dialog D' Clic3 >e5t < and enter general information for the web site such as Title and ,T0$ 0etadata information %/igure 323'.
(igure 373: :eb site information page of :eb :i.ard dialog ;' Clic3 >e5t < and select where to sa)e the file and pre)iew the page if you wish %/igure 32='. B' Cnter the information of where to publish your new web site. 10' Clic3 Finish to sa)e the file and close the -eb -i4ard.
(igure 37 : 'review page of :eb :i.ard dialog
%aving documents as web pages

,T0$ capabilities in $ibre<ffice include sa)ing and e1porting e1isting documents in ,T0$ format. You can also create se)eral different types of web pages using the -eb -i4ard included with $ibre<ffice( see KCreating web pages using the -eb -i4ardL on page 32E for more information. The easiest way to create ,T0$ documents is to start with an e1isting document. You can get a good idea of how it will appear as a web page by using =iew < ,eb !ayout. ,owe)er( web layout )iew does not show you which features will or will not be sa)ed correctly in ,T0$ format. .efer to KCrror& .eference source not foundL on page Crror& .eference source not found on what to consider before creating a web page from a document.
,riter documents
Single web &age
To sa)e a document as a single web page %,T0$ format' by going to File < %ave As on the main menu bar and specify ;)1! /ocument A,riterB as the file type or File < 45port and specifying E;)1! format as the file type.
-riter does not replace multiple spaces in the original document with the ,T0$ code for non7brea3ing spaces. Ff you want to ha)e e1tra spaces in your ,T0$ file or web page( you need to insert non7brea3ing spaces in $ibre<ffice. To do this( press 3trl4Spacebar instead of Iust Spacebar.
>ote
Series of web &ages

-riter can sa)e a large document as a series of web pages %,T0$ files' with a table of contents page. 1' 2ecide which headings in the document should start on a new page and ma3e sure all those headings ha)e the same paragraph style %for e1ample( ,eading 1'.
2'
o to File < %end < Create ;)1! /ocument on the main menu bar to open the !ame and #ath of the ,T0$ 2ocument dialog %/igure 32A'.
(igure 37#. 3reating a series of web pages from one document 3' Type the file name to sa)e the pages under. =' 5pecify which style indicates a new page using the 5tyles drop list at the bottom of the dialog %for e1ample ,eading 1'. A' Clic3 %ave to create the multi7page ,T0$ document. The resulting ,T0$ files conforms to the ,T0$ = Transitional.
Calc spreadsheets
Calc can sa)e files as ,T0$ documents by going to File < %ave As on the main menu bar and select ;)1! /ocument ACalcB format as the file type. This is similar to K5ingle web pageL on page 32B. Ff the file contains more than one sheet and the web pages are created using the -eb -i4ard %see KCreating web pages using the -eb -i4ardL on page 32E'( the additional sheets will follow one another in the ,T0$ file. $in3s to each sheet will be placed at the top of the document. Calc also allows the insertion of lin3s directly into the spreadsheet using the ,yperlin3 dialog. 5ee KCreating hyperlin3sL on page 322 for more information on hyperlin3s.
mpress presentations
>ote
5a)ing as web pages in ,T0$ format does not retain animation and slide transitions.
Fmpress presentations cannot be sa)ed in ,T0$ format( but ha)e to be be e1ported as ,T0$ documents. !ote that you can clic3 Create at any step in the following procedure. The web pages created will then use the default settings that you ha)e not changed in any way. 1' o to File < 45port on the main menu bar and specify the file name and location of where to sa)e the web page )ersion of your presentation. 2' 5elect ;)1! document A mpressB as the file type and clic3 %ave to open the ,T0$ C1port dialog %/igure 32E'. 3' <n the ?ssign design page you can choose to create a new design and select or delete an e1isting design. 5pecify a >ew design or an <0isting design and clic3 >e5t<<. Ff you ha)e not pre)iously sa)ed a web page design( the <0isting Design choice is not a)ailable.
>ew design creates a new design in the ne1t pages of the -i4ard. <0isting design loads an e1isting design from the design list to use as a starting point
for the steps that follow. The list bo1 displays all e1isting designs. Delete Selected Design deletes the selected design from the design list. Ff you delete a design( you will only delete the design information. *n e1port file will not be deleted by this action.
(igure 37$: C*;L <0port dialog - ?ssign design page
(igure 37%: C*;L <0port dialog B 'ublication t/pe page
3hapter )7 3reating :eb 'ages " 33)
=' 5pecify the 'ublication t/pe for the web pages %/igure 32D'( then clic3 >e5t<<. The publication type defines the basic settings for the intended e1port. The choices are&
Standard C*;L format creates standard ,T0$ pages from e1port pages. Standard C*;L with frames creates standard ,T0$ pages with frames. The e1ported
page will be placed in the main frame and the frame to the left will display a table of contents in the form of hyperlin3s.
?utomatic creates a default ,T0$ presentation as a 3ios3 e1port in which the slides
are automatically ad)anced after a specified amount of time.
:eb3ast in a -ebCast e1port( automatic scripts will be generated with #erl or *5#
support. This enables the spea3er %for e1ample( a spea3er in a telephone conference using a slide show on the Fnternet' to change the slides in the web browsers used by the audience. /or more information on the options a)ailable for this page of the ,T0$ C1port dialog( clic3 ;elp to open the help pages. A' 5pecify the options for Save graphics as( ;onitor resolution and <ffects used for the web pages %/igure 32;'( then clic3 >e5t<<. The options for this page of the ,T0$ C1port dialog are as follows&
Save graphics as determines the image format. You can also define the compression
)alue for the e1port.
;onitor resolution defines the resolution for the target screen. 2epending on the
selected resolution( the image will be displayed in a reduced si4e. You can specify a reduction of up to ;0m from the original si4e. -hen selecting a resolution( consider what the maIority of your )iewers might be using. Ff you specify a high resolution( then a )iewer with a medium7resolution monitor will ha)e to scroll sideways to see the entire slide( which is probably not desirable.
<ffects specifies that sound files defined as an effect for slide transitions and whether
any hidden slides are e1ported. /or more information on the options a)ailable for this page of the ,T0$ C1port dialog( clic3 ;elp to open the help pages.
(igure 37&: C*;L <0port dialog B graphics and monitor resolution
E' 5pecify the -nformation for the title page to be used with the web )ersion of your presentation %/igure 32B'. The title page normally contains the author?s name( an e7mail address and home page( along with any additional information you may want to include. This page is not a)ailable if you ha)e selected not to create a title page and either *utomatic or -ebCast publication type.
(igure 378: C*;L <0port dialog B title page information
(igure 33!: C*;L <0port dialog B title page information D' 5elect Lin2 to a cop/ of the original presentation if you want to create a hyperlin3 to download a copy of the presentation file and then clic3 >e5t<<. ;' Select button st/le to be used for the web pages from the designs a)ailable %/igure 331' and then clic3 >e5t<<. Ff you do not select a button style( $ibre<ffice will create a te1t na)igator. This page is not a)ailable if you ha)e selected either *utomatic or -ebCast publication type. B' Select color scheme to be used for the web pages %/igure 332' such as the color scheme and colors for te1t and bac3ground. This page is not a)ailable if you ha)e selected either *utomatic or -ebCast publication type.
(igure 33): C*;L <0port dialog B button st/le page
(igure 337: C*;L <0port dialog B color scheme page 10' Clic3 Create. 11' Ff you ha)e created a new design for your web pages( type in a name for your design and clic3 %ave.
2epending on the si4e of your presentation and the number of graphics it contains( the ,T0$ e1port function creates se)eral ,T0$( +# ( and F/ files. /or e1ample( if you simply sa)e to your des3top and not in a specific folder( these separate ,T0$ and graphics files will be placed all o)er your des3top. Ft is recommended to create a folder to hold all the files created for the web )ersion of your presentation.
>ote
/raw documents
2raw documents cannot be sa)ed in ,T0$ format( but ha)e to be be e1ported as ,T0$ documents. C1porting drawings as web pages from 2raw is similar to e1porting a presentation from Fmpress. o to File < 45port and select ;)1! /ocument A/rawB as the file type( then follow the procedure abo)e for e1porting Fmpress presentations.
3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros

+sing the ;acro 1ecorder S and =e/ond
ntroduction
* macro is a sa)ed se@uence of commands or 3eystro3es that are stored for later use. *n e1ample of a simple macro is one that KtypesL your address. The $ibre<ffice macro language is )ery fle1ible( allowing automation of both simple and comple1 tas3s. 0acros are )ery useful when you ha)e to repeat the same tas3 in the same way o)er and o)er again. $ibre<ffice macros are usually written in a language called $ibre<ffice 6asic( sometimes abbre)iated to 6asic. *lthough you can learn 6asic and write macros( there is a steep learning cur)e to writing macros from scratch. The usual methods for a beginner are to use macros that someone else has written or use the built7in macro recorder( which records 3eystro3es and sa)es them for use. 0ost tas3s in $ibre<ffice are accomplished by Kdispatching a commandL %sending a command'( which is intercepted and used. The macro recorder wor3s by recording the commands that are dispatched %see K2ispatch framewor3L on page 3=A'.
Cour first macros

Adding a macro
The first step in learning macro programming is to find and use e1isting macros. This section assumes that you ha)e a macro that you want to use( which may be in an email( on a web page( or e)en in a boo3. /or this e1ample( the macro in $isting 1 is used. You must create a library and module to contain your macroS see K0acro organi4ationL on page 3=E for more information. Listing ): Simple macro that sa/s hello
Sub 6ello9acro 5rint $6ello$ &nd Sub
(igure 333: LibreOffice =asic ;acros dialog
(igure 33 : LibreOffice =asic ;acro Organi.er dialog
(igure 33#: -ntegrated Debugging <nvironment dialog "se the following steps to create a library to contain your macro& 1' "se )ools < 1acros < "rgani7e 1acros < !ibre"ffice 0asic to open the $ibre<ffice 6asic 0acro dialog %/igure 333'. 2' Clic3 "rgani7er to open the 6asic 0acro <rgani4er dialog %/igure 33=' and select the Libraries tab. 3' 5et the Location to ;/ ;acros K Dialogs( which is the default location. =' Clic3 >ew to open the !ew $ibrary dialog. A' Cnter a library name( for e1ample Test$ibrary( and clic3 "8. E' 5elect the ;odules tab. D' Fn the ;odule list( e1pand ;/ ;acros and select( for e1ample Test$ibrary. * module named 0odule1 already e1ists and can contain your macro. Ff you wish( you can clic3 >ew to create another module in the library.
3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros " 33%
;' 5elect 0odule1( or the new module that you created( and clic3 4dit to open the Fntegrated 2ebugging Cn)ironment %F2C' %/igure 33A'. The F2C is a te1t editor included with $ibre<ffice that allows you to create and edit macros. B' -hen a new module is created( it contains a comment and an empty macro named 0ain( which does nothing. 10' *dd the new macro either before 5ub 0ain or after Cnd 5ub. $isting 2 shows the new macro has been added before 5ub 0ain. 11' Clic3 the Compile icon on the 0acro toolbar to compile the macro.
12' #lace the cursor in the ,ello0acro subroutine and clic3 the Lun 0A% C icon on the 0acro toolbar( or press the (# 3ey( to run the ,ello0acro in the module. * small dialog will open with the word K,elloL displayed. Ff the cursor is not in a subroutine or function( a dialog will openS select the macro to run. 13' Clic3 "8 to close this small dialog. 1=' To select and run any macro in the module( clic3 the %elect 1acro icon on the 5tandard toolbar or go to )ools < 1acros < "rgani7e 1acros < !ibre"ffice 0asic. 1A' 5elect a macro and then clic3 Lun. Listing 7: ;odule) after adding the new macro.
.&9 ***** 74S! *****
Sub 6ello9acro 5rint $6ello$ &nd Sub Sub 9ain &nd Sub
Lecording a macro
Ff you ha)e to repeatedly enter the same information( you can copy this information after it has been entered into your document for the first time( then paste the information into your document each time you want to use it. ,owe)er( if something else is copied to the clipboard( the contents on the clipboard are changed. This means that you ha)e to re7copy your repeated information. To o)ercome this problem( you can create a macro that enters your repeated information.
/or some types of information that you want to repeatedly enter into a document( it may be more con)enient to create an *utoTe1t file. 5ee the :riter Guide 3hapter 3 :or2ing with *e0t for more information.
>ote
1' 0a3e sure macro recording is enabled by going to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < Advanced on the main menu bar and selecting the option 4nable macro recording. 6y default( this feature is turned off when $ibre<ffice was installed on your computer. 2' o to )ools < 1acros < Lecord 1acro on the main menu bar to start recording a macro. * small dialog is displayed indicating that $ibre<ffice is recording a macro. 3' Type the desired information or perform an appropriate series of operations. *s an e1ample( type your name. =' Clic3 %top Lecording on the small .ecording dialog to stop recording and the $ibre<ffice 6asic 0acros dialog opens %/igure 333 on page 33E'. A' <pen the library container ;/ ;acros. E' /ind the library named Standard in 0y 0acros. !ote that e)ery library container has a
library named 5tandard. D' 5elect the 5tandard library and clic3 >ew 1odule to create a new module to contain the macro. This opens the !ew 0odule dialog %/igure 33E'.
(igure 33$: >ew ;odule dialog ;' Type a descripti)e name for the new module( for e1ample 1ecorded and clic3 "8 to create the module. The $ibre<ffice 6asic 0acros dialog now displays the name of the new module in the 5tandard library. B' Fn the 1acro name te1t bo1( type a name for the macro you ha)e Iust recorded( for e1ample <nter;/>ame. 10' Clic3 %ave to sa)e the macro and close the $ibre<ffice 6asic 0acros dialog. 11' Ff you followed all of the abo)e steps( the 5tandard library now contains a module named .ecorded and this module contains the Cnter0y!ame macro.
>ote
-hen $ibre<ffice creates a new module( it automatically adds the macro named 0ain.
Lunning a macro
1' o to )ools < 1acros < Lun 1acro on the main menu bar to open the 0acro 5elector dialog %/igure 33D'.
2' /or e1ample( select your newly created macro Cnter0y!ame and clic3 Lun. 3' *lternati)ely( go to )ools < 1acros < "rgani7e 1acros < !ibre"ffice 0asic on the main menu bar to open the $ibre<ffice 6asic 0acros dialog( select your macro and clic3 Lun.
(igure 33%: ;acro Selector dialog
=iewing and editing macros

To )iew and/or edit the macro that you created& 1' o to )ools < 1acros < "rgani7e 1acros < !ibre"ffice 0asic to open the $ibre<ffice 6asic 0acros dialog.
3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros " 338
2' 5elect your new macro Cnter0y!ame and clic3 4dit to open the macro in the 6asic F2C. The macro Cnter0y!ame is shown in $isting 3. The Cnter0y!ame macro is not as complicated as it first appears. $earning a few things helps significantly in understanding macros. The discussion starts with features near the top of the macro listing and describes them. Listing 3: Generated T<nter;/nameU macro
5,6 /ub 6ain ,n" /ub sub ,nte#6*8ame #em ------------------------------------------------------------#em "efine 9a#iab!es "im "ocument as ob:ect "im "ispatc(e# as ob:ect #em ------------------------------------------------------------#em +et access to t(e "ocument "ocument ; <(is&omponent.&u##ent&ont#o!!e#.=#ame "ispatc(e# ; c#eate1no/e#9ice>4com.sun.sta#.f#ame.Dispatc(-e!pe#4? #em ------------------------------------------------------------"im a#+s1>@? as ne' com.sun.sta#.beans.A#ope#t*Ba!ue a#+s1>@?.8ame ; 4<eCt4 a#+s1>@?.Ba!ue ; 4Dou# name4 "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF7nse#t<eCt4E 44E @E a#+s1>?? en" sub %$/7&
$EM co))ents
*ll comments in macro coding begin with .C0( which stands for remar3. *ll te1t after .C0 and on the same line is ignored. *s a short cut( the single @uote character %?' can also be used to start a comment. $ibre<ffice 6asic is not case7sensiti)e for 3eywords( so .C0( .em( and rem can all start a comment. Ff you use symbolic constants defined by the *pplication #rogramming Fnterface %*#F'( it is safer to assume that the names are case7sensiti)e. 5ymbolic constants are an ad)anced topic not co)ered by this user guide and are not re@uired when using the macro recorder in $ibre<ffice.
#efining subroutines with S 1

Fndi)idual macros are stored in subroutines and these subroutines begin with the 3eyword 5"6. The end of a subroutine is indicated by the words C!2 5"6. The code starts by defining the subroutine named 0ain( which is empty and does nothing. The ne1t subroutine( Cnter0y!ame( contains the generated code for your macro.
>ote
$ibre<ffice always creates an empty subroutine named 0ain when it creates a module.
There are ad)anced topics that are beyond the scope of this user guide( but 3nowing about them might be of interest&
You can write a macro so that )alues can be passed to the subroutine. The )alues are
called arguments. ,owe)er( recorded macros in $ibre<ffice do not accept arguments.
3 ! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
*nother 3ind of subroutine is called a function( which is a subroutine that returns a )alue.
/unctions are defined by the 3eyword /"!CTF<! at the beginning. ,owe)er( recorded macros in $ibre<ffice always create subroutines( not functions.
#efining variables using #i)

You can write information on a piece of paper so that you can loo3 at it later. * )ariable( li3e a piece of paper( contains information that can be changed and read. The 2im 3eyword originally stood for 2imension and was used to define the dimensions of an array. The dim statement used in the Cnter0y!ame macro is similar to setting aside a piece of paper to be used to store a message or note. Fn the Cnter0y!ame macro( the )ariables document and dispatcher are defined as the type obGect. <ther common )ariable types include string( integer( and date. * third )ariable( named args)F is an array of property )alues. * )ariable of type arra/ allows a single )ariable to contain multiple )alues( similar to storing multiple pages in a single boo3. Halues in an array are usually numbered starting from 4ero. The number in the parentheses indicates the highest usable number to access a storage location. Fn this e1ample( there is only one )alue( and it is numbered 4ero.
Ex&laining )acro code

The following is an e1planation of the code used in the Cnter0y!ame macro. You may not understand all the details( but the e1planation of each line of code may gi)e you some idea of how a macro wor3s.
sub ,nte#6*8ame
2efines the start of the macro

"im "ocument as ob:ect
2efined as a )ariable
"im "ispatc(e# as ob:ect
2efined as a )ariable
"ocument ; <(is&omponent.&u##ent&ont#o!!e#.=#ame
ThisComponent refers to the current document. CurrentController is a property referring to a ser)ice that controls the document. /or e1ample( when you type( it is the current controller that ta3es note of what you type. CurrentController then dispatches the changes to the document frame. /rame is a controller property that returns the main frame for a document. Therefore( the )ariable named document refers to a documentGs frame( which recei)es dispatched commands.
"ispatc(e# ; c#eate1no/e#9ice>4com.sun.sta#.f#ame.Dispatc(-e!pe#4?
0ost tas3s in $ibre<ffice are accomplished by dispatching a command. $ibre<ffice includes a dispatch helper ser)ice( which does most of the wor3 when using dispatches in macros. The method Create"no5er)ice accepts the name of a ser)ice and it tries to create an instance of that ser)ice. <n completion( the dispatcher )ariable contains a reference to a 2ispatch,elper.
"im a#+s1>@? as ne' com.sun.sta#.beans.A#ope#t*Ba!ue
2eclares an array of properties. Cach property has a name and a )alue. Fn other words( it is a name/)alue pair. The created array has one property at inde1 4ero.
a#+s1>@?.8ame ; 4<eCt4 a#+s1>@?.Ba!ue ; 4Dou# name4
i)es the property the name KTe1tL and the )alue KYour nameL( which is the te1t that is inserted when the macro is run.
"ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF7nse#t<eCt4E 44E @E a#+s1>??
3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros " 3 )
This is where the magic happens. The dispatch helper sends a dispatch to the document frame %stored in the )ariable named document' with the command .uno&FnsertTe1t. The ne1t two arguments( frame name and search flags( are beyond the scope of this document. The last argument is the array of property )alues to be used while e1ecuting the command FnsertTe1t.
en" sub
The last line of the code ends the subroutine.
Creating a macro
-hen creating a macro( it is important to as3 two @uestions before recording& 1' Can the tas3 be written as a simple set of commands> 2' Can the steps be arranged so that the last command lea)es the cursor ready for the ne1t command or entering te1t or data into the document>
A more complicated e5ample of a macro

* common tas3 is to copy rows and columns of data from a web site and format them as a table in a te1t document as follows& 1' Copy the data from the web site to the clipboard. 2' To a)oid strange formatting and fonts( paste the te1t into a -riter document as unformatted te1t. 3' .eformat the te1t with tabs between columns so that it can be con)erted into a table using )able < Convert < )e5t to )able on the main menu bar. 2<!T8!<T,F! "$T.*$F ,T $F ,T 5C0F$F ,T !<.0*$ 5C0F6<$2 6<$2 "$T.*6<$2 6$*C8 The font weight is not specified/3nown. specifies a A0m font weight. specifies a E0m font weight. specifies a DAm font weight. specifies a B0m font weight. specifies a normal font weight. specifies a 110m font weight. specifies a 1A0m font weight. specifies a 1DAm font weight. specifies a 200m font weight.
(igure 33&: <0ample of copied data -ith the two @uestions gi)en abo)e in mind( inspect the te1t to see if a macro can be recorded to format the te1t. *n e1ample of copied data showing the /ont-eight constants group from the *#F web site %/igure 33;'. The first column in this e1ample indicates a constant name and each name is followed by a space and a tab( and each line has two trailing spaces. The first column in the table should contain a numeric )alue( the second column the name( and the third column the description. This con)ersion is easily accomplished for e)ery row e1cept for 2<!T8!<- and !<.0*$( which do not contain a numeric )alue( but the )alues are between 0 and 100 and can be entered manually.
3 7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
The data can be cleaned up in se)eral ways( all of them easy to accomplish. The e1ample gi)en below uses 3eystro3es that assume the cursor is at the start of the line with the te1t T,F!. 1' 0a3e sure macro recording is enabled by going to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < Advanced on the main menu bar and selecting the option 4nable macro recording. 6y default( this feature is turned off when $ibre<ffice was installed on your computer. 2' o to )ools < 1acros < Lecord 1acro on the main menu bar to start recording. 3' #ress 3trl41ight ?rrow to mo)e the cursor to the start of KspecifiesL. =' #ress =ac2space twice to remo)e the tab and the space. A' #ress *ab to add the tab without the space after the constant name. E' #ress Delete to delete the lower case s and then press Shift4S to add an upper case 5. D' #ress 3trl41ight ?rrow twice to mo)e the cursor to the start of the number. ;' #ress 3trl4Shift41ight ?rrow to select and mo)e the cursor before the m sign. B' #ress 3trl43 to copy the selected te1t to the clipboard. 10' #ress <nd to mo)e the cursor to the end of the line. 11' #ress =ac2space twice to remo)e the two trailing spaces. 12' #ress Come to mo)e the cursor to the start of the line. 13' #ress 3trl4D to paste the selected number to the start of the line. 1=' #asting the )alue also pasted an e1tra space( so press =ac2space to remo)e the e1tra space. 1A' #ress *ab to insert a tab between the number and the name. 1E' #ress Come to mo)e to the start of the line. 1D' #ress down arrow to mo)e to the ne1t line. 1;' 5top recording the macro and sa)e the macro( see K.ecording a macroL on page 33;. Ft ta3es much longer to read and write the steps than to record the macro. -or3 slowly and thin3 about the steps as you do them. -ith practice this becomes second nature. The generated macro code in $isting = has been modified to contain the step number in the comments to match the code to the step abo)e. Listing : 3op/ing numeric value to start of the column.
sub &op*8um<o&o!1 #em ------------------------------------------------------------#em "efine 9a#iab!es "im "ocument as ob:ect "im "ispatc(e# as ob:ect #em ------------------------------------------------------------#em +et access to t(e "ocument "ocument ; <(is&omponent.&u##ent&ont#o!!e#.=#ame "ispatc(e# ; c#eate1no/e#9ice>4com.sun.sta#.f#ame.Dispatc(-e!pe#4? #em >3? A#ess Ctrl+Right Arrow to mo9e t(e cu#so# to t(e sta#t of GspecifiesH. "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoFIo<o8eCtJo#"4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >4? A#ess Backspace t'ice to #emo9e t(e tab an" t(e space. "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF/'%ac)space4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em ------------------------------------------------------------"ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF/'%ac)space4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >5? A#ess Tab to a"" t(e tab 'it(out t(e space afte# t(e constant name. "im a#+s4>@? as ne' com.sun.sta#.beans.A#ope#t*Ba!ue a#+s4>@?.8ame ; 4<eCt4 3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros " 3 3
a#+s4>@?.Ba!ue ; &-5K>9? "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF7nse#t<eCt4E 44E @E a#+s4>?? #em >6? A#ess Delete to "e!ete t(e !o'e# case s .... "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoFDe!ete4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >6? ... an" t(en p#ess Shift+S to a"" an uppe# case /. "im a#+s6>@? as ne' com.sun.sta#.beans.A#ope#t*Ba!ue a#+s6>@?.8ame ; 4<eCt4 a#+s6>@?.Ba!ue ; 4/4 "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF7nse#t<eCt4E 44E @E a#+s6>?? #em >L? A#ess Ctrl+Right Arrow t'ice to mo9e t(e cu#so# to t(e numbe#. "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoFIo<o8eCtJo#"4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em ------------------------------------------------------------"ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoFIo<o8eCtJo#"4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >2? A#ess Ctrl+Shift+Right Arrow to se!ect t(e numbe#. "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoFJo#"5i+(t/e!4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >9? A#ess Ctrl+& to cop* t(e se!ecte" teCt to t(e c!ipboa#". "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF&op*4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >1@? A#ess End to mo9e t(e cu#so# to t(e en" of t(e !ine. "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoFIo<o,n"0fMine4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >11? A#ess Backspace t'ice to #emo9e t(e t'o t#ai!in+ spaces. "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF/'%ac)space4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em ------------------------------------------------------------"ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF/'%ac)space4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >12? A#ess Home to mo9e t(e cu#so# to t(e sta#t of t(e !ine. "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoFIo<o/ta#t0fMine4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >13? A#ess Ctrl+V to paste t(e se!ecte" numbe# to t(e sta#t of t(e !ine. "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoFAaste4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >14? A#ess Backspace to #emo9e t(e eCt#a space. "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF/'%ac)space4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >15? A#ess Tab to inse#t a tab bet'een t(e numbe# an" t(e name. "im a#+s1L>@? as ne' com.sun.sta#.beans.A#ope#t*Ba!ue a#+s1L>@?.8ame ; 4<eCt4 a#+s1L>@?.Ba!ue ; &-5K>9? "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF7nse#t<eCt4E 44E @E a#+s1L>?? #em >16? A#ess Home to mo9e to t(e sta#t of t(e !ine. "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoFIo<o/ta#t0fMine4E 44E @E $##a*>?? #em >1L? A#ess Down Arrow to mo9e to t(e neCt !ine. "im a#+s19>1? as ne' com.sun.sta#.beans.A#ope#t*Ba!ue a#+s19>@?.8ame ; 4&ount4 a#+s19>@?.Ba!ue ; 1 a#+s19>1?.8ame ; 4/e!ect4 a#+s19>1?.Ba!ue ; fa!se "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoFIoDo'n4E 44E @E a#+s19>?? 3 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
en" sub
Cursor mo)ements are used for all operations %as opposed to searching'. Ff run on the 2<!T8!<- line( the word weight is mo)ed to the front of the line( and the first KTheL is changed to K5heL. This is not perfect( but you should not run the macro on the lines that did not ha)e the proper format. You need to do these manually.
Lunning a macro ?uickly

Ft is tedious to repeatedly run the macro using )ools < 1acros < Lun 1acro on the main menu bar when the macro can be run from the F2C %/igure 33A on page 33D'. 1' o to )ools < 1acros < "rgani7e 1acros < !ibre"ffice 0asic on the main menu bar to open the 6asic 0acro dialog %/igure 333 on page 33E'. 2' 5elect your macro and clic3 4dit to open the macro in the F2C. 3' Clic3 the Lun 0A% C icon on the 0acro toolbar( or press the (# 3ey( to run the macro. =' "nless you change the first macro( it is the empty macro named 0ain. 0odify 0ain so that it reads as shown in $isting A. A' !ow( you can run Copy!umToCol1 by repeatedly clic3ing the Lun 0asic icon in the toolbar of the F2C. This is )ery fast and easy( especially for temporary macros that will be used a few times and then discarded. Listing #: ;odif/ ;ain to call 3op/>um*o3ol).
/ub 6ain &op*8um<o&o!1 ,n" /ub
1acro recorder failures

5ometimes the macro recorder has a failure and understanding $ibre<ffice internal wor3ings helps to understand how and why the macro recorder sometimes fails. The primary offender is related to the dispatch framewor3 and its relationship to the macro recorder.
/ispatch framework
The purpose of the dispatch framewor3 is to pro)ide uniform access to components %documents' for commands that usually correspond to menu items. "sing File < %ave from the main menu bar( the shortcut 3eys 3trl4S( or clic3ing the %ave icon are all of commands that are translated into the same Kdispatch commandL. The dispatch framewor3 can also be used to send KcommandsL bac3 to the "ser Fnterface %"F'. /or e1ample( after sa)ing the document( the /ile 5a)e command is disabled. *s soon as the document has been changed( the /ile 5a)e command is enabled. * dispatch command is te1t( for e1ample .uno&Fnsert<bIect or .uno& oTo5tart<f$ine. The command is sent to the document frame and this passes on the command until an obIect is found that can handle the command.
;ow the macro recorder uses the dispatch framework

The macro recorder records the generated dispatches. The recorder is a relati)ely simple tool to use and the same commands that are issued are recorded for later use. The problem is that not all dispatched commands are complete. /or e1ample( inserting an obIect generates the following code&
"ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF7nse#t0b:ect4E 44E @E $##a*>?? 3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros " 3 #
Ft is not possible to specify what 3ind of obIect to create or insert. Ff an obIect is inserted from a file( you cannot specify which file to insert. -hen recording a macro and using )ools < "ptions on the main menu bar to open and modify configuration items( the generated macro does not record any configuration changes. Fn fact( the generated code is commented so it will not e)en be run.
#em "ispatc(e#.eCecuteDispatc(>"ocumentE 4.unoF0ptions<#eeDia!o+4E 44E @E $##a*>??
Ff a dialog is opened( a command to open the dialog is li3ely to be generated. *ny wor3 done inside the dialog is not usually recorded. C1amples of this include macro organi4ation dialogs( inserting special characters( and similar types of dialogs. <ther possible problems using the macro recorder include things such as inserting a formula( setting user data( setting filters in Calc( actions in database forms( and e1porting a document to an encrypted #2/ file. You ne)er 3now for certain what will wor3 unless you try it. /or e1ample( the actions from the search dialog are properly captured.
"ther options
-hen the macro recorder is not able to sol)e a specific problem( the usual solution is to write code using the $ibre<ffice obIects. "nfortunately( there is a steep learning cur)e for these $ibre<ffice obIects. Ft is usually best to start with simple e1amples and then increase the scope of macros as you learn more. $earning to read generated macros is a good place to start. Ff you record Calc macros( and the recorder can correctly generate a macro( there is an add7in a)ailable which con)erts Calc macros when they are recorded. The final code manipulates $ibre<ffice obIects rather than generating dispatches. This can be )ery useful for learning the obIect model and can be downloaded directly from the web site& http&//www.paolo7manto)ani.org/downloads/2ispatchTo*pi.ecorder/
1acro organi7ation
Fn $ibre<ffice( macros are grouped in modules( modules are grouped in libraries( and libraries are grouped in library containers. * library is usually used as a maIor grouping for either an entire category of macros( or for an entire application. 0odules usually split functionality( such as user interaction and calculations. Fndi)idual macros are subroutines and functions. /igure 33B shows an e1ample of the hierarchical structure of macro libraries in $ibre<ffice. o to )ools < 1acros < "rgani7e 1acros < !ibre"ffice 0asic on the main menu bar to open the $ibre<ffice 6asic 0acros dialog %/igure 333 on page 33E'. *ll a)ailable library containers are shown in the ;acro from list. C)ery document is a library container( capable of containing multiple libraries. The application itself acts as two library containers( one container for macros distributed with $ibre<ffice called $ibre<ffice 0acros( and one container for personal macros called 0y 0acros. The $ibre<ffice 0acros are stored with the application runtime code( which may not be editable to you unless you are an administrator. This helps protect these macros because they should not be changed and you should not store your own macros in the $ibre<ffice container. "nless your macros are applicable to a single document( and only to a single document( your macros will probably be stored in the 0y 0acros container. The 0y 0acros container is stored in your user area or home directory.
3 $ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 338: ;acro Librar/ hierarch/ Ff a macro is contained in a document( then a recorded macro will attempt to wor3 on that documentS because it primarily uses KThisComponentL for its actions. C)ery library container contains a library named Standard. Ft is better to create your own libraries with meaningful names than to use the 5tandard library. !ot only are meaningful names easier to manage( but they can also be imported into other library containers whereas the 5tandard library cannot.
Caution
$ibre<ffice allows you to import libraries into a library container( but it will not allow you to o)erwrite the library named 5tandard. Therefore( if you store your macros in the 5tandard library( you cannot import them into another library container.
+ust as it ma3es good sense to gi)e your libraries meaningful names( it is prudent to use meaningful names for your modules. 6y default( $ibre<ffice uses names such as 0odule1( 0odule2 and so on. *s you create your macros( you must decide where to store them. 5toring a macro in a document is useful if the document will be shared and you want the macro to be included with the document. 0acros stored in the application library container named 0y 0acros( howe)er( are globally a)ailable to all documents. 0acros are not a)ailable until the library that contains them is loaded. The 5tandard library and Template library( howe)er( are automatically loaded. * loaded library is displayed differently from a library that is not loaded. To load the library and the modules it contains( double7clic3 on the library.
,here are macros stored9

$ibre<ffice stores user7specific data in a directory in the home directory for each user. The location is operating system specific. o to )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice < Paths on the main menu bar to )iew where other configuration data are stored. /or e1ample( on computer running -indows N#( this is IKDocuments and SettingsKEuser nameCK4pplication Data. "ser macros are stored in Libre'++iceKLKuserKbasic. Cach library is stored in its own directory off the basic directory.
3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros " 3 %
Ft is not important to understand where macros are stored for casual use. Ff you 3now where they are stored( howe)er( you can create a bac3up( share your macros( or inspect them if there is an error. o to )ools < 1acros < "rgani7e /ialogs on the main menu bar to open the $ibre<ffice 0acro <rgani4er dialog %/igure 33= on page 33D'. *lternati)ely( go to )ools < 1acros < "rgani7e 1acros < !ibre"ffice 0asic on the main menu bar to open the $ibre<ffice 0acros dialog %/igure 333 on page 33E' and then clic3 the "rgani7er button.
mporting macros
The $ibre<ffice 0acro <rgani4er dialog allows you to import macro libraries into your document as well as creating( deleting( and renaming libraries( modules( and dialogs. 1' 5elect the library container to use and then clic3 mport to import macro libraries %/igure 33= on page 33D'. 2' !a)igate to the directory containing the library to import %/igure 3=0'. There are usually two files from which to choose( dialog.1lb and script.1lb. Ft does not matter which of these two files you selectS both will be imported. 0acros can be stored in libraries inside $ibre<ffice documents. 5elect a document rather than a directory on dis3 to import libraries contained in a document.
>ote
You cannot import the library named 5tandard.
(igure 3 !: >avigating to a macro librar/

<n a computer operating $inu1( the $ibre<ffice specific files are stored in the home directory of a user in a directory whose name begins with a period. 2irectories and files with names beginning with a period may be hidden and not shown in a normal selection dialog. Ff using $ibre<ffice dialogs( rather than the operating system specific dialogs( type the name of the desired directory in the !ame field.
)ip
3' 5elect a file and clic3 "pen to continue and open the Fmport $ibraries dialog %/igure 3=1'.
3 & " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 3 ): 3hoose librar/ import options =' 5elect the following options for importing libraries& a' Ff no options are selected( the library is copied to your user macro directory. ,owe)er( if the library you are importing has the same name and you are importing into the same location( it will not be copied. b' 5elect Leplace e5isting libraries if the library you want to import has the same name and you want to replace the e1isting library. c' 5elect nsert as reference if you want to use the library as reference( but not import the library into your document. -hen a library is used as a reference( it remains in its current location and is read only. A' Clic3 "8 to import the macro library you selected.
/ownloading macros to import

0acros are a)ailable for download. 5ome macros are contained in documents( some as regular files that you must select and import( and some as macro te1t that should be copied and pasted into the 6asic F2C. 5ee K*dding a macroL on page 33E on how to add macros to your macro library and KHiewing and editing macrosL on page 33B on how to edit macros using the 6asic F2C.. 5ome macros are a)ailable as free downloads on the Fnternet %see Table E'. *able $. ;acro e0amples Location
http&//www.pitonya3.org/oo.php http&//www.pitonya3.org/database/ http&//de)elopment.openoffice.org/ http&//forum.openoffice.org/
#escri&tion
.eference materials regarding macros. .eference materials regarding database macros. $ots of lin3s to e)erything. * forum( with many e1amples and help.
3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros " 3 8
;ow to run a macro

*lthough you can use )ools < 1acros < Lun 1acro to run all macros( this is not efficient for fre@uently run macros. 5ee K.unning a macroL on page 33B for more information. * more common techni@ue for fre@uently used macros is to assign the macro a toolbar icon( menu item( 3eyboard shortcut( or a button embedded in a document. -hile choosing a method( it is also good to as3 @uestions such as&
5hould the macro be a)ailable for only one document( or globally for all documents> Fs the macro for a specific document type( such as a Calc document> ,ow fre@uently will the macro be used>
The answers will determine where to store the macro and how to ma3e it a)ailable. /or e1ample( you will probably not add a rarely used macro to a toolbar. To help determine your choices( see Table D. *able %. ;ethods for starting a macro /'&e
Toolbar 0enu 5hortcut C)ent
LibreOffice
!o !o Yes Yes
#ocu)ent /'&e
Yes Yes Yes !o
#ocu)ent
Yes Yes !o Yes
)oolbars3 menu items and keyboard shortcuts

To add a menu item( 3eyboard shortcut( or toolbar icon that calls a macro( use the Customi4e dialog %/igure 3=2'. The Customi4e dialog contains pages to configure menus( 3eyboard shortcuts( toolbars( and e)ents. To open this dialog( go to )ools < Customi7e on the main menu bar or right7 clic3 in an empty space on a toolbar and select Customi7e )oolbar from the conte1t menu. Complete co)erage of the Customi4e dialog is beyond the scope of this chapter. Clic3 the ;elp button to access the help pages included with $ibre<ffice or see 3hapter ) 3ustomi.ing LibreOffice.
3#! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
(igure 3 7: ;enus page in 3ustomi.e dialog
4vents
Fn $ibre<ffice( when something happens it means that an e)ent occurred. /or e1ample( opening a document( pressing a 3ey( or mo)ing the mouse cursor. $ibre<ffice allows e)ents to cause a macro to be calledS the macro is then called an e)ent handler. /ull co)erage of e)ent handlers is well beyond the scope of this document( but a little 3nowledge can accomplish much.
Caution
6e careful when you configure an e)ent handler. /or e1ample( assume that you write an e)ent handler that is called e)ery time that a 3ey is pressed( but you ma3e a mista3e so the e)ent is not properly handled. <ne possible result is that your e)ent handler will consume all 3ey presses( forcing you to forcibly terminate $ibre<ffice.
1'
o to )ools < Customi7e on the main menu bar to open the Customi4e dialog and select the C)ents tab %/igure 3=3'. The e)ents in the Customi4e dialog are related to the entire application and specific documents. 2' Fn %ave n( select $ibre<ffice( or a specific document from the drop down menu to sa)e your e)ent. 3' * common use is to assign the <pen 2ocument e)ent to call a specific macro. The macro then performs certain setup tas3s for the document. 5elect the desired e)ent and clic3 1acro to open the 0acro 5elector dialog %/igure 33D on page 33B'. =' 5elect the desired macro and clic3 "8 to assign the macro to the e)ent. The C)ents page shows that the e)ent has been assigned to a macro.
3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros " 3#)
(igure 3 3: <vents page in 3ustomi.e dialog 0any obIects in a document can be set to call macros when e)ents occur. The most common use is to add a control( such as a button( into a document. C)en double7clic3ing on a graphic opens a dialog with a 0acros tab that allows you to assign a macro to an e)ent.
45tensions
*n e1tension is a pac3age that can be installed into $ibre<ffice to add new functionality. C1tensions can be written in almost any programming language and may be simple or sophisticated. C1tensions can be grouped into types&
Calc *dd7Fns( which pro)ide new functionality for Calc( including new functions that act li3e
normal built7in functions
!ew components and functionality( which normally include some le)el of "ser Fnterface %"F'
integration such as new menus or toolbars
#i)ot Tables that are used directly in Calc Chart *dd7Fns with new chart types $inguistic components such as spell chec3ers 2ocument templates and images
*lthough indi)idual e1tensions can be found in se)eral places( there is currently an e1tension repository at& http&//e1tensions.libreoffice.org/ and some documentation at http&//libreplanet.org/wi3i/ roup&<pen<fficeC1tensions/$ist /or more about obtaining and installing e1tensions( see 3hapter ) 3ustomi.ing LibreOffice.
3#7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
,riting macros without the recorder

The e1amples co)ered in this chapter are created using the macro recorder and the dispatcher. You can also write macros that directly access the obIects that comprise $ibre<ffice if you are confident in writing computer code. Fn other words( you can create a macro that directly manipulates a document. 2irectly manipulating $ibre<ffice internal obIects is an ad)anced topic that is beyond the scope of this chapter. * simple e1ample( howe)er( demonstrates how this wor3s. Listing $: ?ppend the te0t TCelloU to the current document.
/ub $ppen"-e!!o Dim oDoc Dim s<eCt/e#9iceK Dim o&u#s 5,6 <(is&omponent #efe#s to t(e cu##ent!* acti9e "ocument. oDoc ; <(is&omponent 5,6 Be#if* t(at t(is is a teCt "ocument s<eCt/e#9ice ; 4com.sun.sta#.teCt.<eCtDocument4 7f 80< oDoc.suppo#ts/e#9ice>s<eCt/e#9ice? <(en 6s+%oC 4<(is mac#o on!* 'o#)s 'it( a teCt "ocument4 ,Cit /ub ,n" 7f 5,6 Iet t(e 9ie' cu#so# f#om t(e cu##ent cont#o!!e#. o&u#s ; oDoc.cu##ent&ont#o!!e#.+etBie'&u#so#>? 5,6 6o9e t(e cu#so# to t(e en" of t(e "ocument o&u#s.+oto,n">=a!se? 5,6 7nse#t teCt 4-e!!o4 at t(e en" of t(e "ocument o&u#s.<eCt.inse#t/t#in+>o&u#sE 4-e!!o4E =a!se? ,n" /ub
Finding more information

!umerous resources are a)ailable that pro)ide help with writing macros. "se ;elp < !ibre"ffice ;elp to open the $ibre<ffice help pages. The upper left corner of the $ibre<ffice help system contains a drop7down list that determines which help set is displayed. To )iew the help for 6asic( choose LibreOffice =asic from this list.
ncluded material
0any e1cellent macros are included with $ibre<ffice. "se )ools < 1acros < "rgani7e 1acros < !ibre"ffice 0asic to open the 0acro dialog. C1pand the Tools library in the $ibre<ffice library container. Fnspect the 2ebug module[some good e1amples include -ritedbgFnfo%document' and printdbgFnfo%sheet'.
"nline resources
The following lin3s and references contain information regarding macro programming& http&//as3.libreoffice.org/ %a J P * site where )olunteers answer @uestions related to $ibre<ffice'
3hapter )3 Getting Started with ;acros " 3#3
http&//forum.openoffice.org/en/forum/ %*pache <pen<ffice community forumS )olunteers answer @uestions about $ibre<ffice as well' http&//api.openoffice.org/docs/common/ref/com/sun/star/module7i1.html %official F2$ referenceS here you will find almost e)ery command with a description' https&//wi3i.documentfoundation.org/2ocumentation/<therM2ocumentationMandM.esources %loo3 in #rogrammers section for =?S-3 'rogrammersR Guide and DevelopersR GuideS the latter contains a detailed e1planation' http&//www.pitonya3.org/oo.php %macro page for *ndrew #itonya3' http&//www.pitonya3.org/*ndrew0acro.odt %numerous e1amples of wor3ing macros' http&//www.pitonya3.org/<<0CM3M0.odt %*ndrew #itonya3Gs boo3 on macros' http&//www.pitonya3.org/database/ %numerous macro e1amples using 6ase'
Printed and e0ook materials

There are currently no boo3s specific to $ibre<ffice macros that are a)ailable for download. Fnformation in the following boo3s is mostly applicable to $ibre<fficeS the boo3s are a)ailable for purchase in both printed and e6oo3 form from their publishers& 2r. 0ar3 *le1ander 6ainGs Learn OpenOffice.org Spreadsheet ;acro 'rogramming. 5ee http&//www.pac3tpub.com/openoffice7ooobasic7calc7automation/boo3. .oberto 6enite4?s Database 'rogramming with OpenOffice.org =ase K =asic. 5ee http&//www.lulu.com/product/paperbac3/database7programming7with7openofficeorg7base7 basic/3AE;D2;
3# " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
3hapter ) 3ustomi.ing LibreOffice
ntroduction
This chapter describes some common customi4ations that you may wish to do. You can customi4e menus( toolbars( and 3eyboard shortcuts in $ibre<ffice( add new menus and toolbars( and assign macros to e)ents. ,owe)er( you cannot customi4e conte1t %right7clic3' menus. <ther customi4ations are made easy by e1tensions that you can install from the $ibre<ffice website or from other pro)iders.
Customi4ations to menus and toolbars can be sa)ed in a template. To do so( first sa)e them in a document and then sa)e the document as a template as described in Chapter 3( "sing 5tyles and Templates.
>ote
Customi7ing menu content

Fn addition to changing the menu font %described in Chapter 2( 5etting up $ibre<ffice'( you can add and rearrange categories on the menu bar( add commands to menus( and ma3e other changes. To customi4e menus& 1' Choose )ools Z Customi7e. 2' <n the Customi7e dialog( choose the 1enus page.
(igure 3
. *he ;enus page of the 3ustomi.e dialog
3' Fn the Save -n drop7down list( choose whether to sa)e this changed menu for the application %for e1ample( $ibre<ffice -riter' or for a selected document %for e1ample( 5ample2ocument.odt'. =' Fn the section !ibre"ffice Qname of the program Ae5ample: ,riterBR 1enus( select from the ;enu drop7down list the menu that you want to customi4e. The list includes all the main menus as well as submenus %menus that are contained under another menu'. /or
3#$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
e1ample( in addition to (ile( <dit( Diew( and so on( there is (ile U Send and <dit U 3hanges. The commands a)ailable for the selected menu are shown in the central part of the dialog. A' To customi4e the selected menu( clic3 on the 1odify button. You can also add commands to a menu by clic3ing on the Add button. These actions are described in the following sections. "se the up and down arrows ne1t to the Cntries list to mo)e the selected menu item to a different position. E' -hen you ha)e finished ma3ing all your changes( clic3 "8 %not shown in illustration' to sa)e them.
Creating a new menu

Fn the ;enus page of the Customi4e dialog( clic3 >ew to display the !ew 0enu dialog( shown in /igure 3=A. 1' Type a name for your new menu in the 1enu name bo1. 2' "se the up and down arrow buttons to mo)e the new menu into the re@uired position on the menu bar. 3' Clic3 "8 to sa)e. The new menu now appears on the list of menus in the Customi4e dialog. %Ft will appear on the menu bar itself after you sa)e your customi4ations.' *fter creating a new menu( you need to add some commands to it( as described in K*dding a command to a menuL on page 3A;.
(igure 3 #: ?dding a new menu
1odifying e5isting menus

To modify an e1isting menu( either user7made or inbuilt( select it in the ;enu list and clic3 the 1enu button to drop down a list of modifications& 1ove( Lename( /elete. !ot all of these modifications can be applied to all the entries in the ;enu list. /or e1ample( Lename and /elete are not a)ailable for the supplied menus( and 1ove is not a)ailable for submenus. To mo)e a menu %such as (ile'( choose 1enu < 1ove. * dialog similar to the one shown in /igure 3=A %but without the 1enu name bo1' opens. "se the up and down arrow buttons to mo)e the menu into the re@uired position.
3hapter )
3ustomi.ing LibreOffice " 3#%
To mo)e submenus %such as (ile " Send'( select the main menu %File' in the 0enu list and then( in the ;enu 3ontent section of the dialog( select the submenu %%end' in the <ntries list and use the arrow 3eys to mo)e it up or down in the se@uence. 5ubmenus are easily identified in the <ntries list by a small blac3 triangle on the right hand side of the name. Fn addition to renaming( you can allocate a letter in a custom menuGs name( which will become underlined( to be used as a 3eyboard shortcut( that allows you to select that menu when you press ?ltO that letter. C1isting submenus can be edited to change the letter which is used to select them from the 3eyboard once the menu is open. 1' 5elect a custom menu or a submenu in the ;enu drop7down list. 2' Clic3 the 1enu button and select Lename. 3' *dd a tilde %p' in front of the letter that you want to use as an accelerator. /or e1ample( to select the %end submenu command by pressing S %after opening the /ile menu using ?lt4('( enter N/en". This changes it from the default d.
Ft is possible to use a letter already in use in the menu list %for e1ample( in the Fnsert menu( the letter v is used in <nvelope and in ;ovie and sound as an accelerator'. ,owe)er( you should use an unused letter if possible( to ma3e it simpler for the user to na)igate.
>ote
Adding a command to a menu

You can add commands to the supplied menus and to menus you ha)e created. <n the Customi4e dialog( select the menu in the ;enu list and clic3 the Add button in the ;enu 3ontent section of the dialog. <n the *dd Commands dialog %/igure 3=E'( select a category and then the command( and clic3 Add. The dialog remains open( so you can select se)eral commands. -hen you ha)e finished adding commands( clic3 Close. 6ac3 on the Customi4e dialog( you can use the up and down arrow buttons to arrange the commands in your preferred se@uence.
(igure 3 $: ?dding a command to a menu
3#& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
1odifying menu entries

Fn addition to changing the se@uence of entries on a menu or submenu( you can add submenus( rename or delete the entries( and add group separators. To begin( select the menu or submenu to be modified( from the ;enu list near the top of the Customi4e page( then select the entry in the <ntries list under ;enu 3ontent. Clic3 the 1odify button and choose the re@uired action from the drop7down list of actions. 0ost of the actions should be self7e1planatory. 0egin a group adds a separator line after the highlighted entry.
Customi7ing toolbars
You can customi4e toolbars in se)eral ways( including choosing which icons are )isible and loc3ing the position of a doc3ed toolbar %as described in Chapter 1( Fntroducing $ibre<ffice'( and adding or deleting icons %commands' in the list of those a)ailable on a toolbar. You can also create new toolbars. This section describes how to create new toolbars and add or delete icons on e1isting ones. To get to the toolbar customi4ation dialog( do any of the following&
<n the toolbar( right7clic3 in the toolbar and choose Customi7e )oolbar. Choose =iew < )oolbars < Customi7e from the menu bar. Choose )ools < Customi7e from the menu bar and go to the *oolbars page.
(igure 3 %. *he *oolbars page of the 3ustomi.e dialog
3hapter )
3ustomi.ing LibreOffice " 3#8
1odifying e5isting toolbars

To modify an e1isting toolbar& 1' Fn the Save -n drop7down list( choose whether to sa)e this changed toolbar for the application %for e1ample( -riter' or for a selected document. 2' Fn the section !ibre"ffice Qname of the program Ae5ample: ,riterBR > )oolbars( select from the *oolbar drop7down list the toolbar that you want to customi4e. 3' Clic3 on the )oolbar or 1odify buttons( and add commands to a toolbar by clic3ing on the Add button. You can also create a new toolbar by clic3ing on the >ew button. These actions are described in the following sections. =' -hen you ha)e finished ma3ing all your changes( clic3 "8 to sa)e them.
Creating a new toolbar

To create a new toolbar& 1' Choose )ools < Customi7e < )oolbars from the menu bar. 2' Clic3 >ew. <n the !ame dialog( type the new toolbar?s name and choose from the 5a)e Fn drop7down list where to sa)e this changed menu& for the application %for e1ample( -riter' or for a selected document. Clic3 "8.
The new toolbar now appears on the list of toolbars in the Customi4e dialog. *fter creating a new toolbar( you need to add some commands to it( as described below.
Adding a command to a toolbar

Ff the list of a)ailable buttons for a toolbar does not include all the commands you want on that toolbar( you can add commands. -hen you create a new toolbar( you need to add commands to it. 1' <n the *oolbars page of the Customi4e dialog( select the toolbar in the Toolbar list and clic3 the Add button in the Toolbar Content section of the dialog. 2' The *dd Commands dialog is the same as for adding commands to menus %/igure 3=E'. 5elect a category and then the command( and clic3 Add. The dialog remains open( so you can select se)eral commands. -hen you ha)e finished adding commands( clic3 Close. Ff you insert an item which does not ha)e an associated icon( the toolbar will display the full name of the item& the ne1t section describes how to choose an icon for a toolbar command. 3' 6ac3 on the Customi4e dialog( you can use the up and down arrow buttons to arrange the commands in your preferred se@uence. =' -hen you are done ma3ing changes( clic3 "8 to sa)e.
3$! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Choosing icons for toolbar commands

Toolbar buttons usually ha)e icons( not words( on them( but not all of the commands ha)e associated icons. To choose an icon for a command( select the command and clic3 1odify < Change icon. <n the Change Fcon dialog( you can scroll through the a)ailable icons( select one( and clic3 "8 to assign it to the command.
(igure 3 &: 3hange -con dialog To use a custom icon( create it in a graphics program and import it into $ibre<ffice by clic3ing the mport button on the Change Fcon dialog. Custom icons should be 1E 1 1E pi1els in si4e to achi)e the best @uality and should not contain more than 2AE colors.
Exa)&le: -dding a *ax icon to a toolbar

You can customi4e $ibre<ffice so that a single clic3 on an icon automatically sends the current document as a fa1. 1' 6e sure the fa1 dri)er is installed. Consult the documentation for your fa1 modem for more information. 2' Choose )ools < "ptions < !ibre"ffice ,riter < Print. The dialog shown in /igure 3=B opens. 3' 5elect the fa1 dri)er from the Fa5 list and clic3 "8. =' .ight7clic3 in the 5tandard toolbar. Fn the drop7down menu( choose Customi7e )oolbar. The *oolbars page of the Customi4e dialog appears %/igure 3=D'. Clic3 Add. A' <n the *dd Commands dialog %/igure 3A0'( select /ocuments in the 3ategor/ list( then select %end /efault Fa5 in the 3ommands list. Clic3 Add. !ow you can see the new icon in the Commands list. E' Fn the 3ommands list( clic3 the up or down arrow button to position the new icon where you want it. Clic3 "8 and then clic3 Close.
3hapter )
3ustomi.ing LibreOffice " 3$)
(igure 3 8: Setting up LibreOffice for sending fa0es Your toolbar now has a new icon to send the current document as a fa1.
(igure 3#!: ?dding a Send (a0 command to a toolbar
Assigning shortcut keys

Fn addition to using the built7in 3eyboard shortcuts %listed in *ppendi1 *'( you can define your own. You can assign shortcuts to standard $ibre<ffice functions or your own macros and sa)e them for use with the entire $ibre<ffice suite.
6e careful when reassigning your operating systemGs or $ibre<fficeGs predefined shortcut 3eys. 0any 3ey assignments are uni)ersally understood shortcuts( such as () for ,elp( and are always e1pected to pro)ide certain results. *lthough you can easily reset the shortcut 3ey assignments to the $ibre<ffice defaults( changing some common shortcut 3eys can cause confusion( especially if other users share your computer.
Caution
3$7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
To adapt shortcut 3eys to your needs( use the Customi4e dialog( as described below. 1' 5elect )ools < Customi7e < 8eyboard. The Customi4e dialog opens. 2' To ha)e the shortcut 3ey assignment a)ailable in all components of $ibre<ffice select the !ibre"ffice button. 3' !e1t select the re@uired function from the 3ategor/ and (unction lists. =' !ow select the desired shortcut 3eys in the Shortcut 2e/s list and clic3 the 1odify button at the upper right. A' Clic3 "8 to accept the change. !ow the chosen shortcut 3eys will e1ecute the function chosen in step 3 abo)e whene)er they are pressed.
*ll e1isting shortcut 3eys for the currently selected (unction are listed in the Le/s selection bo1. Ff the Le/s list is empty( it indicates that the chosen 3ey combination is free for use. Ff it were not( and you wanted to reassign a shortcut 3ey combination that is already in use( you must first delete the e1isting 3ey. 5hortcut 3eys that are greyed7out in the listing on the Customi4e dialog( such as () and ()!F are not a)ailable for reassignment.
>ote
45ample: Assigning styles to shortcut keys

You can configure shortcut 3eys to @uic3ly assign styles in your document. 5ome shortcuts are predefined( such as 3trl4! for the *e0t bod/ paragraph style( 3trl4) for the Ceading ) style( and 3trl47 for Ceading 7. You can modify these shortcuts and create your own. 1' Clic3 )ools < Customi7e < 8eyboard. The 8eyboard page of the Customi4e dialog %/igure 3A1' opens. 2' To ha)e the shortcut 3ey assignment a)ailable only with one component %for e1ample( -riter'( select that componentGs name in the upper right corner of the pageS otherwise select !ibre"ffice to ma3e it a)ailable to e)ery component. 3' Choose the shortcut 3eys you want to assign a style to. Fn this e1ample( we ha)e chosen 3trl48. This enables the 1odify button. =' Fn the (unctions section at the bottom of the dialog( scroll down in the 3ategor/ list to St/les. Clic3 the e1pansion symbol %usually a O sign or triangle' to e1pand the list of styles. A' Choose the category of style. %This e1ample uses a paragraph style( but you can also choose character styles and others.' The (unction list will display the names of the a)ailable styles for the selected category. The e1ample shows some of $ibre<fficeGs predefined styles. E' To assign 3trl48 to be the shortcut 3ey combination for the $ist 1 style( select List ) in the (unction list( and then clic3 1odify. 3trl48 now appears in the Le/s list on the right( and List ) appears ne1t to 3trl48 in the 5hortcut 3eys bo1 at the top. D' 0a3e any other re@uired changes( and then clic3 "8 to sa)e these settings and close the dialog.
3hapter )
3ustomi.ing LibreOffice " 3$3
(igure 3#). Defining 2e/board shortcuts for appl/ing st/les
%aving changes to a file

Changes to the shortcut 3ey assignments can be sa)ed in a 3eyboard configuration file for use at a later time( thus permitting you to create and apply different configurations as the need arises. To sa)e 3eyboard shortcuts to a file& 1' *fter ma3ing your 3eyboard shortcut assignments( clic3 the %ave button at the right of the Customi4e dialog %/igure 3A1'. 2' Fn the 5a)e 8eyboard Configuration dialog( select ?ll files from the %ave as )ype list. 3' !e1t enter a name for the 3eyboard configuration file in the File name bo1( or select an e1isting file from the list. Ff you need to( browse to find a file from another location. =' Clic3 %ave. * confirmation dialog appears if you are about to o)erwrite an e1isting file( otherwise there will be no feedbac3 and the file will be sa)ed.
!oading a saved keyboard configuration

To load a sa)ed 3eyboard configuration file and replace your e1isting configuration( clic3 the !oad button at the right of the Customi4e dialog( and then select the configuration file from the $oad 8eyboard Configuration dialog.
Lesetting the shortcut keys

To reset all of the 3eyboard shortcuts to their default )alues( clic3 the Leset button near the bottom right of the Customi4e dialog. "se this feature with care as no confirmation dialog will be displayedS the defaults will be set without any further notice or user input.
Assigning macros to events

Fn $ibre<ffice( when something happens( we say that an e)ent occurred. /or e1ample( a document was opened( a 3ey was pressed( or the mouse mo)ed. You can associate a macro with an e)ent( so the macro is run when the e)ent occurs. * common use is to assign the Kopen documentL e)ent to run a macro that performs certain setup tas3s for the document. To associate a macro with an e)ent( use the C)ents page of the Customi4e dialog. /or more information( see Chapter 13( etting 5tarted with 0acros.
Adding functionality with e5tensions

*n e1tension is a pac3age that can be installed into $ibre<ffice to add new functionality. 5e)eral e1tensions are shipped bundled with $ibre<ffice and are installed with the program. <thers can be downloaded from )arious websites. The official e1tension repository is located at http&//e1tensions.libreoffice.org/. These e1tensions are free of charge. 5ome e1tensions from other sources are free of chargeS others are a)ailable for a fee. Chec3 the descriptions to see what licenses and fees apply to the ones that interest you.
nstalling e5tensions
C1tensions can be installed in any of three ways. 1' 2irectly from the T.o1t file in your system?s file browser. 2' /rom your web browser if it can be configured to open this file type from a web page hyperlin3. 3' 2irectly from )ools < 45tension 1anager by clic3ing Add. To install directly from a sa)ed T.o1t file on your system( double7clic3 the file. To install from a suitably enabled web browser( select the hyperlin3( and then select to <pen the file. Fn both cases( after the C1tension 0anager opens( a warning dialog opens for you to )erify the installation and then continue. The file is installed as a Kuser onlyK file in a multi user system.
(igure 3#7: -nstallation warning dialog To install directly from C1tension 0anager& 1' Fn $ibre<ffice( select )ools < 45tension 1anager from the menu bar. The option to )iew the e1tensions bundled with $ibre<ffice can be deselected to easier )iew those installations which ha)e been added by a user. 2' Fn the C1tension 0anager dialog %/igure 3A='( clic3 Add. 3' * file browser window opens. /ind and select the e1tension you want to install and clic3 "pen. =' "sers with administrator or root pri)ileges will see a dialog where they can choose to install e1tensions hfor all usersh %shared' or honly for meh %user'. !ormal users without those pri)ileges can install( remo)e( or modify e1tensions only for their own use %user'.
3hapter )
3ustomi.ing LibreOffice " 3$#
(igure 3#3: Dialog showing the installation choices A' The e1tension begins installing. E' Fn all three cases( during the process you may be as3ed to accept a license agreement. -hen the installation is complete( the e1tension is listed in the C1tension 0anager dialog.
To get e1tensions that are listed in the repository( you can open the C1tension 0anager and clic3 the +et more e5tensions online lin3. You do not need to download them separately.
)ip
(igure 3# : +sing the <0tension ;anager
3$$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
?ppendi0 ? Le/board Shortcuts
ntroduction
You can use $ibre<ffice without re@uiring a pointing de)ice( such as a mouse or touchpad( by using its built7in 3eyboard shortcuts. This appendi1 lists some of the most common built7in 3eyboard shortcuts that apply to all components of $ibre<ffice. /or shortcuts specific to -riter( Calc( Fmpress( 2raw( or 6ase( read the rele)ant component guide or search the application ,elp.
5ome of the shortcuts listed here may not wor3 if your operating system uses the same shortcuts for other tas3s.
>ote
To resol)e any conflicts( assign different 3eys to these shortcuts by reconfiguring either $ibre<ffice %see Chapter 1=' or your operating system %see system documentation'.
)ip for 1acintosh users

5ome 3eystro3es are different on a 0ac from those used in -indows and $inu1. The following table gi)es some common substitutions for the instructions in this chapter. /or a more detailed list( see the application ,elp. Windows or Linux
1ight-clic2 3trl 53ontrol6 (# ())
Mac equivalent
3ontrol4clic2 z 53ommand6 ShiftOzO(# zO*
Effect
<pens a conte1t menu "sed with other 3eys <pens the !a)igator <pens the 5tyles and /ormatting window
3$& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
+eneral keyboard shortcuts

"pening menus and menu items
Shortcut 3e's $esult
<pens a menu where X>Z is the underlined character of the menu you want to open. /or e1ample( ?lt4( opens the menu File -ith the menu open( you will again find underlined characters. You can access these menu items directly by simply pressing the underlined character 3ey. -here two menu items ha)e the same underlined character( press the character 3ey again to mo)e to the ne1t item. <0ample& to access the Printer %ettings item of the File menu after opening it( press 1 twice to mo)e from the initial /igital %ignatures selection to Printer %ettings. There may be instances where an item in a menu has no underlined character. This will ha)e to be clic3ed directly. <sc Closes an open menu. .epeatedly pressing ($ switches the focus and circles through the following obIects& 0enu bar C)ery toolbar from top to bottom and from left to right C)ery free window from left to right 2ocument 5witches through obIects in the opposite direction. 5witches the focus to the document. 5witches to the 0enu bar and bac3.
?lt4VW,
($
Shift4($ 3trl4($ ()! or ?lt
Accessing a menu command

#ress ?lt or ($ or ()! to select the first item on the menu bar %the File menu'. -ith the right-arrow( the ne1t menu to the right is selectedS with the left-arrow( the pre)ious menu. The Come and <nd 3eys select the first and the last item on the 0enu bar. The down-arrow opens a selected menu. *n additional down-arrow and up-arrow mo)es the selection through the menu commands. The right-arrow opens any e1isting submenus. #ress <nter to e1ecute the selected menu command.
45ecuting a toolbar command

#ress ($ repeatedly until the first icon on the toolbar is selected. "se the right and left arrows to select an icon on a hori4ontal toolbar. 5imilarly( use the up and down arrows to select an icon on a )ertical toolbar. The Come 3ey selects the first icon on a toolbar and the <nd 3ey( the last. #ress <nter to e1ecute the selected icon. Ff the selected icon normally demands a consecuti)e mouse action( such as inserting a rectangle( then pressing the <nter 3ey is not sufficient& in these cases press 3trl4<nter.
#ress 3trl4<nter on an icon for creating a draw obIect. * draw obIect will be placed into the
middle of the )iew( with a predefined si4e.
?ppendi0 ? Le/board Shortcuts " 3$8
#ress 3trl4<nter on the 5election tool to select the first draw obIect in the document. Ff you
want to edit( si4e( or mo)e the selected draw obIect( first use 3trl4($ to mo)e the focus into the document.
>avigating and selecting with the keyboard

You can na)igate through a document and ma3e selections with the 3eyboard.
To mo)e the cursor( press the 3ey or 3ey combination gi)en in the following table. To select the characters under the mo)ing cursor( additionally hold down the Shift 3ey when
you mo)e the cursor. 3e'
1ightF left arrow 2e/s +pF down arrow 2e/s Come <nd 'g+p 'gDn
*unction
0o)es the cursor one character to the left or to the right. 0o)es the cursor up or down one line. 0o)es the cursor to the beginning of the current line. 0o)es the cursor to the end of the current line. 5crolls up one page. 5croll down one page.
4lus +trl "e'

0o)es the cursor one word to the left or to the right. %3trl4?lt' 0o)es the current paragraph up or down. 0o)es the cursor to the beginning of the document. 0o)es the cursor to the end of the document. 0o)es the cursor to the header. 0o)es the cursor to the footer.
Controlling dialogs
-hen you open any dialog( one element %such as a button( an option field( an entry in a list bo1( or a chec3bo1' is highlighted or indicated by a dotted bo1 around the field or button name. This element is said to ha)e the focus on it. Shortcut 3e's
<nter
$esult
*cti)ates selected button. Fn most cases where no button is selected( <nter is e@ui)alent to clic3ing "8. Closes dialog without sa)ing any changes made while it was open. Fn most cases( <sc is e@ui)alent to clic3ing Cancel. -hen an open drop7down list is selected( <sc closes the list. Chec3s an empty chec3bo1. Clears a chec3ed chec3bo1. 0o)es focus up and down a list. Fncreases or decreases )alue of a )ariable. 0o)es focus )ertically within a section of dialog. 0o)es focus hori4ontally within a section of a dialog. *d)ances focus to the ne1t section or element of a dialog.
.eturns focus to the pre)ious section or element in a dialog.
<sc Spacebar +pF down arrow 2e/s LeftF right arrow 2e/s *ab Shift4*ab ?lt4Down ?rrow
5hows items in a drop7down list.
3%! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
1acros
Shortcut 3e's
3trl4X %multiplication sign& on number pad only' Shift43trl49
$esult
.uns a macro field. 5tops a running macro.
+etting help
Shortcut 3e's
() Shift4() Shift4(7 <sc
$esult
<pens the $ibre<ffice ,elp dialog. Fn $ibre<ffice ,elp& Iumps to the first help page of the selected tab. Turns the cursor into the :hatRs *hisW @uestion mar3. 5hows the tip for an item underneath the cursor. 5hows tip for a selected item. Fn $ibre<ffice ,elp& goes up one le)el.
1anaging documents
Shortcut 3e's
3trl4( or ?lt4( 3trl4O 3trl4S 3trl4> Shift43trl4> 3trl4' 3trl49 Del Shift4Del =ac2space
$esult
Closes the current document. Closes $ibre<ffice when the last open document is closed. $aunches the <pen dialog to open a document. 5a)es the current document. Ff you are wor3ing on a pre)iously unsa)ed file( the shortcut launches the 5a)e *s dialog. Creates a new document. <pens the Templates and 2ocuments dialog. <pens the #rint dialog to print the document. Closes the application. Fn the 5a)e and <pen dialogs( deletes the selected files or folders. Ftems can be retrie)ed from the .ecycle 6in %Trash'. Fn the 5a)e and <pen dialogs( deletes the selected files or folders. Ftems are permanently deleted& they can not be retrie)ed from the .ecycle 6in. Fn the 5a)e and <pen dialogs( shows contents of the current directory?s parent folder.
?ppendi0 ? Le/board Shortcuts " 3%)
4diting
Shortcut 3e's
3trl4J 3trl43 3trl4D 3trl4Shift4D 3trl4? 3trl4@ 3trl4A 3trl4Shift4A 3trl4( 3trl4C 3trl4Shift4( 3trl4Shift41 3trl4Shift4-
$esult
Cuts selected items. Copies selected items. #astes copied or cut items from the clipboard. <pens the #aste 5pecial dialog. 5elects all. "ndoes last action. .edoes last action. .epeats last command. <pens the /ind dialog <pens the /ind P .eplace dialog. 5earches for the last entered search term. .efreshes %redraws' the document )iew. 5hows or hides the cursor in read7only te1t.
%electing rows and columns in a database table opened by F*

Shortcut "e's
Spacebar 3trl4Spacebar Shift4Spacebar 3trl4'age +p 3trl4'age Down
$esult
Toggles row selection( e1cept when the row is in edit mode. Toggles row selection. 5elects the current column. 0o)es pointer to the first row. 0o)es pointer to the last row.
%hortcut keys for drawing obGects

Shortcut "e's
5elect the toolbar with ($. "se the Down ?rrow and 1ight ?rrow to select the desired toolbar icon and press 3trl4<nter. 5elect the document with 3trl4($ and press *ab.
$esult
Fnserts a 2rawing <bIect.
5elects a 2rawing <bIect.
3%7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
Shortcut "e's
*ab Shift4*ab 3trl4Come 3trl4<nd <sc <sc %in ,andle 5election 0ode' +p/Down/Left/1ight ?rrow
$esult
5elects the ne1t 2rawing <bIect. 5elects the pre)ious 2rawing <bIect. 5elects the first 2rawing <bIect. 5elects the last 2rawing <bIect. Cnds 2rawing <bIect selection. C1it ,andle 5election 0ode and return to <bIect 5election 0ode. 0o)e the selected point %the snap7to7grid functions are temporarily disabled( but end points still snap to each other'. 0o)es the selected 2rawing <bIect one pi1el %in 5election 0ode'. .e7si4es a 2rawing <bIect %in ,andle 5election 0ode'. .otates a 2rawing <bIect %in .otation 0ode'. <pens the properties dialog for a 2rawing <bIect. *cti)ates the #oint 5election mode for the selected drawing obIect.
?lt4+p/Down/Left/1ight ?rrow
Spacebar
5elect a point of a drawing obIect %in #oint 5election mode' / Cancel selection. The selected point blin3s once per second.
Shift4Spacebar 3trl4*ab
5elect an additional point in #oint 5election mode. 5elect the ne1t point of the drawing obIect %#oint 5election mode'. Fn .otation mode( the center of rotation can also be selected.
3trl4Shift4*ab 3trl4<nter 3trl4<nter at the 5election icon <sc
5elect the pre)ious point of the drawing obIect %#oint 5election mode'. * new drawing obIect with default si4e is placed in the center of the current )iew. *cti)ates the first drawing obIect in the document. $ea)e the #oint 5election mode. The drawing obIect is selected afterwards. Cdit a point of a drawing obIect %#oint Cdit mode'.
*ny te1t or numerical 3ey
Ff a drawing obIect is selected( switches to edit mode and places the cursor at the end of the te1t in the drawing obIect. * printable character is inserted. The position of the obIect?s center is fi1ed.
?lt 3ey while creating or scaling a graphic obIect
?ppendi0 ? Le/board Shortcuts " 3%3
Shortcut "e's
Shift 3ey while creating or scaling a graphic obIect
$esult
The ratio of the obIect?s width to height is fi1ed.
/efining keyboard shortcuts

Fn addition to using the built7in 3eyboard shortcuts listed in this *ppendi1( you can define your own. 5ee Chapter 1=( Customi4ing $ibre<ffice( for instructions.
Further reading
/or help with $ibre<fficeGs 3eyboard shortcuts( or using $ibre<ffice with a 3eyboard only( search the application ,elp using the Kshortcut 3eysL or KaccessibilityL 3eywords.
3% " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
?ppendi0 = Open SourceF Open StandardsF OpenDocument
ntroduction
$ibre<ffice is a producti)ity suite that is compatible with other maIor office suites and a)ailable on a )ariety of platforms. Ft is open source software and therefore free to download( use( and distribute. Ff you are new to $ibre<ffice( this appendi1 will pro)ide some information regarding its history( its community and some of its technical specifications.
A short history of !ibre"ffice

The <pen<ffice.org proIect began when 5un 0icrosystems released the source code %KblueprintsL' for its 5tar<fficeq software to the open source community on <ctober 13( 2000. <pen<ffice.org 1.0( the product( was released on *pril 30( 2002. 0aIor updates to <pen<ffice.org included )ersion 2.0 in <ctober 200A and )ersion 3.0 in <ctober 200;. <n +anuary 2E( 2010( <racle Corporation ac@uired 5un 0icrosystems. <n 5eptember 2;( 2010( the community of )olunteers who de)elop and promote <pen<ffice.org announced a maIor change in proIect structure. *fter ten yearsG successful growth with 5un 0icrosystems as founding and principle sponsor( the proIect launched an independent foundation called The 2ocument /oundation( to fulfill the promise of independence written in the original charter. This foundation is the cornerstone of a new ecosystem where indi)iduals and organi4ations can contribute to and benefit from the a)ailability of a truly free office suite. "nable to ac@uire the trademar3ed <pen<ffice.org name from <racle Corporation( The 2ocument /oundation named its product $ibre<ffice. Continuing the )ersion numbers from <pen<ffice.org( $ibre<ffice 3.3 was released in +anuary 2011. Fn /ebruary 2012( The 2ocument /oundation was incorporated in 6erlin as a erman 5tiftung. You can read more about The 2ocument /oundation at& http&//www.documentfoundation.org/
)he !ibre"ffice community

The 2ocument /oundation?s mission is& K...to facilitate the e)olution of the <pen<ffice.org Community into a new open( independent( and meritocratic organi4ational structure within the ne1t few months. *n independent /oundation is a better match to the )alues of our contributors( users( and supporters( and will enable a more effecti)e( efficient( transparent( and inclusi)e Community. -e will protect past in)estments by building on the solid achie)ements of our first decade( encourage wide participation in the Community( and co7ordinate acti)ity across the Community.L 5ome of our corporate supporters include Canonical( The !<0C /oundation( oogle( !o)ell and .ed ,at. *dditionally( o)er =A0(000 people from nearly e)ery part of the globe ha)e Ioined this proIect with the idea of creating the best possible office suite that all can use. This is the essence of an Kopen sourceL communityn -ith its open source software license( $ibre<ffice is 3ey in the dri)e to pro)ide an office suite that is a)ailable to anyone( anywhere( for commercial or personal use. The software has been translated into many languages and runs on all maIor operating systems. !ew functionality can be added in the form of e1tensions. The $ibre<ffice community in)ites contributors in all areas( including translators( software de)elopers( graphic artists( technical writers( editors( donors and end7user support. -hate)er you do best( you can ma3e a difference in $ibre<ffice. The Community operates internationally in all time 4ones and in many languages( lin3ed through the internet at www.libreoffice.org and www.documentfoundation.org.
3%$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
;ow is !ibre"ffice licensed9

$ibre<ffice is distributed under the <pen 5ource Fnitiati)e %<5F' appro)ed $esser $icense %$ #$'. The $ #$ license is a)ailable from the $ibre<ffice website& http&//www.libreoffice.org/download/license/ eneral #ublic
,hat is Mopen sourceN9

The four essential rights of open7source software are embodied within the /ree 5oftware /oundationGs General 'ublic License % #$'&
The right to use the software for any purpose. /reedom to redistribute the software for free or for a fee. *ccess to the complete source code of the program %that is( the KblueprintsL'. The right to modify any part of the source( or use portions of it in other programs.
The basic idea behind open source is )ery simple& -hen programmers can read( redistribute( and modify the source code for a piece of software( the software e)ol)es. #eople impro)e it( people adapt it( people fi1 bugs. /or more information on /ree and <pen 5ource software( )isit these websites& Open Source -nitiative %<5F'& http&//www.opensource.org (ree Software (oundation %/5/'& http&//www.gnu.org
,hat are Mopen standardsN9

*n open standard pro)ides a means of doing something that is independent of manufacturer or )endor( thus enabling competing software programs to freely use the same file formats. ,T0$( N0$( and <2/ are e1amples of open standards for documents. *n open standard meets the following re@uirements&
Ft is well documented with the complete specification publicly a)ailable( either free or at a
nominal charge.
Ft can be freely copied( distributed and used. The intellectual property of the standard is
made irre)ocably a)ailable on a royalty7free basis.
Ft is standardi4ed and maintained in an independent( open forum %also called hstandards

organi4ationh' using an open process.
,hat is "pen/ocument9
<pen2ocument %<2/' is an N0$7based file format for office documents %te1t documents( spreadsheets( drawings( presentations and more'( de)eloped at <*5F5 %http&//www.oasis7 open.org/who/'( an independent( international standards group. "nli3e other file formats( <2/ is an open standard. Ft is publicly a)ailable( royalty7free( and without legal or other restrictionsS therefore <2/ files are not tied to a specific office suite and anybody can build a program that interprets these files. /or this reason <2/ is @uic3ly becoming the preferred file format for go)ernment agencies( schools and other companies who prefer not to be too dependent on any one software supplier.
?ppendi0 = Open SourceF Open StandardsF OpenDocument " 3%%
5ince )ersion 2.0( <pen<ffice.org has supported the open standard <*5F5 <pen2ocument as its default file format. $ibre<ffice sa)es documents in <pen2ocument /ormat by default. $ibre<ffice 3 adopted )ersion 1.2 of the <pen2ocument standard and this )ersion of $ibre<ffice continues to use this standard. $ibre<ffice can also open and sa)e many other file formatsS see K/ile formats $ibre<ffice can openL on this page( K/ile formats $ibre<ffice can sa)e toL on page 3;0( and KC1porting to other formatsL on page 3;2.
"pen/ocument filename e5tensions

The most common filename e1tensions used for <pen2ocument documents are& T.odt for word processing %te1t' documents T.ods for spreadsheets T.odp for presentations T.odb for databases T.odg for graphics %)ector drawings' T.odf for formulas %mathematical e@uations'
File formats !ibre"ffice can open

$ibre<ffice can open a wide )ariety of file formats in addition to the <pen2ocument formats( including #ortable 2ocument /ormat %#2/'( if an <2/ file is embedded in the #2/ %see 3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <mailing for more information'.
"pening te5t documents

Fn addition to <pen2ocument formats %.odt( .ott( .oth( .odm( and .fodt'( -riter can open the formats used by <pen<ffice.org 1.1 %.s1w( .stw( and .s1g' and the following te1t document formats& 0icrosoft -ord E.0/BA/BD/2000/N#' %.doc and .dot' 0icrosoft -ord 2003 N0$ %.1ml' 0icrosoft -ord 200D/2010 N0$ %.doc1( .docm( .dot1( .dotm' 0icrosoft -in-ord A %.doc' -ord#erfect 2ocument %.wpd' 0icrosoft -or3s %.wps' $otus -ord#ro %.lwp' .ich Te1t /ormat %.rtf' Te1t C5H %.cs) and .t1t' 5tar-riter formats %.sdw( .sgl( .)or' 2oc6oo3 %.1ml' "nified <ffice /ormat te1t %.uot( .uof' Fchitaro ;/B/10/11 %.Itd and .Itt' ,angul -# BD %.hwp' TE02 2ocument %.E02( .t1t' *portis2oc %#alm' %.pdb' #oc3et -ord %.psw' ,T0$ 2ocument %.htm( .html' 0ost of these file types are automatically detected by $ibre<ffice( so they can be opened without e1plicitly selecting the document type in the file pic3er. -hen opening .htm or .html files %used for web pages'( $ibre<ffice customi4es -riter for wor3ing with these files.
3%& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
"pening spreadsheets
Fn addition to <pen2ocument formats %.ods( .ots( and .fods'( Calc can open the formats used by <pen<ffice.org 1.1 %.s1c and .stc' and the following spreadsheet formats& 0icrosoft C1cel BD/2000/N# %.1ls( .1lw( and .1lt' 0icrosoft C1cel =.1A.0/BA %.1ls( .1lw( and .1lt' 0icrosoft C1cel 2003 N0$ %.1ml' 0icrosoft C1cel 200D/2010 N0$ %.1ls1( .1lsm( .1lts( .1ltm' 0icrosoft C1cel 200D/2010 binary %.1lsb' $otus 17273 %.w31( .w3s( and .123' 2ata Fnterchange /ormat %.dif' .ich Te1t /ormat %.rtf' Te1t C5H %.cs) and .t1t' 5tarCalc formats %.sdc and .)or' d6*5C %.dbf' 5Y$8 %.sl3' "nified <ffice /ormat spreadsheet %.uos( .uof' ,T0$ 2ocument %.htm and .html files( including -eb page @ueries' #oc3et C1cel %p1l' Juattro #ro E.0 %.wb2'
"pening presentations
Fn addition to <pen2ocument formats %.odp( .odg( .otp( and .fodp'( Fmpress can open the formats used by <pen<ffice.org 1.1 %.s1i and .sti' and the following presentation formats& 0icrosoft #ower#oint BD/2000/N# %.ppt and .pot' 0icrosoft #ower#oint 200D/2010 %.ppt1( .pptm( .pot1( .potm' 5tar2raw and 5tarFmpress %.sda( .sdd( .sdp( and .)or' "nified <ffice /ormat presentation %.uop( .uof' C 0 Computer raphics 0etafile %.cgm' #ortable 2ocument /ormat %.pdf'
"pening graphic files

Fn addition to <pen2ocument formats %.odg and .otg'( 2raw can open the formats used by <pen<ffice.org 1.1 %.s1d and .std' and the following graphic formats& *dobe #hotoshop %T.psd' *utoC*2 Fnterchange /ormat %T.d1f' Corel 2raw %T.cdr' Corel #resentation C1change %T.cm1' 0icrosoft #ublisher B;72010 %T.pub' 0icrosoft Hisio 200072013 %T.)d1S T.)sdS T.)sdmS T.)sd1' -ord#erfect raphics %T.wpg' 60# +#C ( +# #CN #52 5 H 2N/ 0CT # 0 .*5 5H0 C0/ #60 #$T 52* T * C#5 #C2 #! 522 TF/( TF// F/ #CT ##0 5 / H<.
-0/ N60 N#0
?ppendi0 = Open SourceF Open StandardsF OpenDocument " 3%8
"pening formula files

Fn addition to <pen2ocument /ormula %.odf' files( 0ath can open the format used by <pen<ffice.org 1.1 %.s1m'( 5tar0ath( %.smf'( and 0ath0$ %.mml' files. -hen opening a -ord document that contains an embedded e@uation editor obIect( if the option for it %0athType to $ibre<ffice 0ath or re)erse' is chec3ed in )ools < "ptions < !oadD%ave < 1icrosoft "ffice( the obIect will be automatically con)erted to a $ibre<ffice 0ath obIect.
File formats !ibre"ffice can save to

5a)ing in an <pen2ocument format guarantees the correct rendering of the file when it is transferred to another person or when the file is re7opened with a later )ersion of $ibre<ffice or with another program. Ft is strongly recommended that you use <pen2ocument as the default file formats. ,owe)er( you can sa)e files in other formats( if you wish.
-hen sharing a document that you do not e1pect or want the recipient to modify( the safest option is to con)ert the document to #2/. $ibre<ffice pro)ides a )ery straightforward way to con)ert documents to #2/. 5ee 3hapter )! 'rintingF <0portingF and <-;ailing in this guide.
)ip
%aving te5t documents

Fn addition to <pen2ocument formats %.odt( .ott( and .fodt'( -riter can sa)e in these formats& <pen<ffice.org 1.1 Te1t 2ocument %.s1w' <pen<ffice.org 1.1 Te1t 2ocument Template %.stw' 0icrosoft -ord E.0( BA( and BD/2000/N# %.doc' 0icrosoft -ord 2003 N0$ %.1ml' 0icrosoft -ord 200D/2010 N0$ %.doc1' <ffice <pen N0$ Te1t %.doc1' .ich Te1t /ormat %.rtf' 5tar-riter 3.0( =.0( and A.0 %.sdw' 5tar-riter 3.0( =.0( and A.0 Template %.)or' Te1t %.t1t' Te1t Cncoded %.t1t' "nified <ffice /ormat te1t %.uot( .uof' ,T0$ 2ocument %<pen<ffice.org -riter' %.html and .htm' 2oc6oo3 %.1ml' *portis2oc %#alm' %.pdb' #oc3et -ord %.psw' Cncryption support within the 0icrosoft -ord BD/2000/N# filter allows password protected 0icrosoft -ord documents to be sa)ed.
The .rtf format is a common format for transferring te1t files between applications( but you are li3ely to e1perience loss of formatting and images. /or this reason( other formats should be used.
>ote
3&! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
%aving spreadsheet files

Fn addition to <pen2ocument formats %.ods and .ots'( Calc can sa)e in these formats& <pen<ffice.org 1.1 5preadsheet %.s1c' <pen<ffice.org 1.1 5preadsheet Template %.stc' 0icrosoft C1cel BD/2000/N# %.1ls and .1lw' 0icrosoft C1cel BD/2000/N# Template %.1lt' 0icrosoft C1cel A.0 and BA %.1ls and .1lw' 0icrosoft C1cel 2003 N0$ %.1ml' 0icrosoft C1cel 200D/2010 N0$ %.1ls1' <ffice <pen N0$ 5preadsheet %.1ls1' 2ata Fnterchange /ormat %.dif' d6ase %.dbf' 5Y$8 %.sl3' Te1t C5H %.cs) and .t1t' 5tarCalc 3.0( =.0( and A.0 formats %.sdc and .)or' "nified <ffice /ormat spreadsheet %.uos' ,T0$ 2ocument %<pen<ffice.org Calc' %.html and .htm' #oc3et C1cel %.p1l'
>ote
The +a)a .untime Cn)ironment is re@uired to use the mobile de)ice filters for *portis2oc %#alm'( #oc3et -ord( and #oc3et C1cel.
%aving presentations
Fn addition to <pen2ocument formats %.odp( .otp( .fodp( and .odg'( Fmpress can sa)e in these formats& <pen<ffice.org 1.1 #resentation %.s1i' <pen<ffice.org 1.1 #resentation Template %.sti' 0icrosoft #ower#oint BD/2000/N# %.ppt' 0icrosoft #ower#oint BD/2000/N# Template %.pot' 0icrosoft #ower#oint 200D/2010 N0$ %.ppt1( .potm' <ffice <pen N0$ #resentation %.ppt1( .potm( .pps1' 5tar2raw( 5tarFmpress %.sda( .sdd( and .)or' "nified <ffice /ormat presentation %.uop' Fmpress can also e1port to 0acro0edia /lash %.swf' and any of the graphics formats listed for 2raw.
%aving drawings
2raw can only sa)e in the <pen2ocument 2rawing formats %.odg( .otg( and .fodg'( the <pen<ffice.org 1.1 formats %.s1d and .std' and 5tar2raw format %.sda( .sdd( and .)or'. ,owe)er( 2raw can also e1port to 60#( C0/( C#5( ##0( .*5( 5H ( 5H0( TF//( -0/( and N#0. F/( +#C ( 0CT( #60( #CT( # 0( #! (
,riterD,eb can save in these formats

,T0$ document %.html and .htm'( as ,T0$ =.0 Transitional <pen<ffice.org 1.0 ,T0$ Template %.stw' <pen<ffice.org 2.1 ,T0$ Template %.oth' 5tar-riter/-eb =.0 and A.0 %.)or' Te1t and Te1t Cncoded %$ibre<ffice -riter/-eb' %.t1t'
?ppendi0 = Open SourceF Open StandardsF OpenDocument " 3&)
45porting to other formats

$ibre<ffice uses the term Ke1portL for some file operations in)ol)ing a change of file type. Ff you cannot find the file type you are loo3ing for under %ave As( loo3 under 45port for additional types. $ibre<ffice can e1port files to ,T0$ and N,T0$. Fn addition( 2raw and Fmpress can e1port to *dobe /lash %.swf' and a range of image formats. To e1port to one of these formats( choose File < 45port. <n the C1port dialog( specify a file name for the e1ported document( then select the desired format in the (ile format list and clic3 the 45port button.
3&7 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
-nde0
&
32 obIects 213
A
accepting or reIecting changes 10D accessibility options =; adding macros from other sources 33E *d)anced e1perimental features =B macro recording =B *d)anced options 49 ad)antages of $ibre<ffice 1B antialiasing screen font 3B appearance options =D *pply 5tyle list E2 arrow 3eys na)igating within spreadsheets 120 *rrows 20A *sian language support AE *utoCorrect A;( B= *uto/ormat( Calc 1=1 *uto$ayout 1EE automatic sa)ing 30 *uto.eco)ery 30( A1 *uto"pdate styles E=
0
bac3ground images from allery 30; 6asic 33E bitmaps 213 6itTorrent 20 boo3 pre)iew 2B2 boo3let printing 2B0 boo3mar3s 10; brac3ets %0ath' 2ED brochure printing 2B0 6ullets and !umbering dialog 1D0
C
Calc *uto/ormat 1=1 editing data 13D hiding and showing data 1=3 printing 1=E sorting records 1== themes 1=2 )iewing 12B Calc macros 3=E cells description 112( 11= range 123 cells( in Calc na)igating 11B selecting 123
change trac3ing 10E changes( undo and redo 32 chec3 for updates automatically =B chemical formulas 2;1 clipboard =0 closing a document 33 closing $ibre<ffice 33 C0Y8 1;; Color bar 1;D color options =2 color palette 1;; color scheme =D Colors Color #ic3er =3 columns deleting 12A inserting 12A columns( in Calc free4ing 12B selecting 12= comma separated )alues %C5H' 11E comments( adding 10= comple1 te1t layout %CT$' 1B( AE components of <pen<ffice.org 1; conditional formatting 1=2 Conte1t menu 20= conte1t menus 2E Controlling dialogs 3D0 con)ersion 213 copy and paste ;B copying obIect from allery 30D create document from template ED creating a document 2D cross7references inserting references 10; o)er)iew 10; C5H file open 11E C5H files 11E Ctrl7clic3 re@uired to follow hyperlin3s =E custom dictionary AE Customi4e dialog 3A0 customi4ing Cnter 3ey 122 3eyboard shortcuts 3E2 menus 3AE toolbars 3AB
/
dashes B2 data editing( Calc changing data in a cell 13; remo)ing data from a cell 13D replacing all data in a cell 13; data entry( Calc
-nde0 " 3&3
/ill tool 13= selection lists 13E sharing content 13E speeding up 133 )alidating cell contents 13D data source description 21E editing 2=0 lin3ing 23; registering 23; using in <<o documents 2=0 )iewing 23B data )alidity 13D database *utoHalue 222 creating 21; creating tables 21B field types and formats 220 planning 21D primary 3ey 21B( 221 registering 23B .eport -i4ard 2AA Table -i4ard 21B tables 21B database form acti)ation order 23D bac3ground 23E creating in 2esign Hiew 23; creating using a -i4ard 22D entering data 2=3 modifying 230 tab order 23D database reports creating 2A= database table create using wi4ard 21B Ioined fields 22B relationships 22A database tables 3D2 default file format A2 default template D= deleting columns and rows 12A sheets 12; deleting files 31 deri)ati)e mar3up %0ath' 2D0 2esign Hiew %6ase' creating a new table 222 creating forms 23; creating @ueries 2=; dictionaries( installing AA dictionary B3 different first page DD digital rights management %2.0' 2BD digital signature 302 2im 3=1 dispatch framewor3 3=A dispatch helper 3=1 di)ide document into chapters D;
document closing 33 create from template ED creating 2D starting new 2D document status option 3D document )iews ;A 2ocumentation 11 download updates automatically =B drag and drop 30= 2raw 213 toolbars 1;E wor3space 1;= drawing arrows 1B0 banners 1B; bloc3 arrows 1BD connectors 1BA cur)e 1B2 ,T0$ e1port 213 polygon 1B2 rectangles 1B1 5@uares 1B1 2rawing <bIect #roperties toolbar 313 drawing obIects 3D2 32 obIects 213 grouping 31= properties 313 2rawing toolbar 313 drawing tools 312 duplication 210 dynamic gradients 20B
4
C7mail options AD e7mailing 0ail 0erge -i4ard 2BB se)eral recipients 2BB -riter document as attachment 2B; edit document properties before sa)ing A1 editing data( Calc 13D en7dash and em7dash B2 Cnter 3ey 122 en)elope printing 2B1 en)elope printing 2B1 C#5 images in #2/ 2B= e@uation numbering 2DA e@uation editor 2E0 brac3ets 2ED deri)ati)e mar3up 2D0 Clements window 2E2 e@uations o)er more than one line 2EB font si4e 2D2 formula layout 2ED limits to sum/integral 2D0 mar3up 2E=
matri1 mar3up 2E; right7clic3 menu 2E= e)ent handling 3A1 e1port directly as #2/ 2B3 e1port ,T0$ A= e1porting /lash 2B; #2/ 2B3 N,T0$ 2B; e1tended tips 3D e1tension .eport 6uilder 2A; e1tensions 3A2( 3EA e1tensions and addons sources of 20
formatting( Calc *uto/ormat 1=1 conditional 1=2 themes 1=2 formula bar 11= formula files( opening 3;0 formula layout 2ED /ree 5oftware /oundation %/5/' 3DD /unction -i4ard 11=
+
allery adding obIects 30B creating a new theme 310 deleting images 30B deleting obIects 30B hide/show 30; inserting obIect as bac3ground 30; location 310 opening 30D themes 30; )iews %icon/detailed' 30; general options 3D !"/$inu1 system re@uirements 20 gradients 20B graphic files opening 3DB sa)ing 3;1 graphic styles 1E; graphics adding from file 30= lin3ing 30A rid points 20E
F
fa1 icon( adding to toolbar 3E1 features 112 Fmpress 1A2 -riter ;2 fields boo3mar3s 10; cross7reference 10; /ields dialog bo1 .eferences tab 10B file locations =2 file sharing options =A /ill /ormat E2 /ill tool( Calc 13= floating toolbars 2= font history =0 ignore settings when importing ,T0$ A= options == pre)iew 3B replacement table == replacements == si4es for ,T0$ A= /ontwor3 alignment 31E anchoring 31; area options 31D attributes 31E character spacing 31E creating an obIect 31= editing an obIect 31A /ormatting toolbar 31D allery 31= grouping 31; line options 31D mo)ing and resi4ing obIects 31B positioning options 31; same letter heights 31E toolbar 31=( 31E /orm -i4ard 22D formatting pages 100 /ormatting toolbar 23
;
header different on right and left pages D; headers and footers( Calc 1=; ,elp *gent 3D ,elp system 10 ,elp Tips 3D hidden obIects 1B; hiding and showing data( Calc 1=3 history of $ibre<ffice 3DE ,T0$ compatibility A= ,T0$ e1port A= hyperlin3s absolute 322 editing 32A inserting 322 relati)e 322 remo)ing 32A hyphenation manual BB
-nde0 " 3&#
icon si4e and style %user interface' 3B icons in menus 3B F2C 3=0 ignore font settings when importing ,T0$ A= image map 310 images adding from file 304 lin3ing 30A scanned 30E importing files 3D; importing numbers from an ,T0$ page A= Fmpress content bo1es 1E= font resi4ing 1ED 1A2( 1A3 indents B2 inde1es and bibliographies 10A Fnsert 6oo3mar3 dialog 10B Fnsert #icture dialog 30= inserting columns and rows 12A sheets 12E installing and setting up 20 Fnternational 5upport 11 Fnternet options AD
load 6asic code to edit A2 $oad/5a)e *lways sa)e as A2 locale settings AA
1
0ac <5 N system re@uirements 20 0acro <rgani4er dialog 3=; macro security options =A macros 33E assigning to e)ents 3EA Calc 3=E creating 3=2 2im 3=1 dispatch framewor3 3=A dispatch helper 3=1 downloading 3=B editing 33B e)ent handling 3A1 e1ample 3=2 functions 3=E F2C 3=0( 3=A library container 33; library containers 3=E menu items 3A0 module 33B modules 3=E organi4ation 3=E recording 33; .C0 3=0 resources 3A3 running 33B( 3A0 storage 3=D subroutines 3=0( 3=E )ariables 3=1 )iewing 33B writing 3A3 mail merge 10E 0ail 0erge -i4ard e7mailing -riter document 2BB main window( description 112 0anaging documents 3D1 margins %-riter' 103 0aster #ages 1D3 mathematical and chemical e@uations 2E0 mathematical mar3up 2E= mathematical symbols 2E2 matri1 mar3up %0ath' 2E; measurement unit B3 memory options 3; menu bar 22( 112 menus adding commands 3A; creating 3AD customi4ing 3AE modifying 3AD modifying entries 3AB
@
+a)a .untime Cn)ironment %+.C' 21E +.C %+a)a .untime Cn)ironment' 20( =B
8
3eyboard 3eys na)igating within spreadsheets 120 3eyboard shortcuts assigning 3E2( 3D= customi4ing 3E3 loading from a file 3E= resetting to default )alues 3E= sa)ing to a file 3E= 3eyboard shortcuts %macros' 3A0
!
landscape pages D; language settings AA language support 1B layout methods 100 $ #$ 1= libraries of macros 3=E library containers 3=E $ibre<ffice 6asic 33E $ibre<ffice 6asic 0acros dialog 33; licensing of $ibre<ffice 1=( 3DD limits to sum/integral 2D0 $ine and /illing toolbar 1;D lin3ing obIect from gallery 30D $inu1 system re@uirements 20
3&$ " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
0icrosoft <ffice file con)ersion A3 0icrosoft -indows Juic3starter 21 system re@uirements 20 middle mouse button function =0 mouse positioning =0 mo)ing from sheet to sheet 120 0y5J$ 21E
>
!a)igation icons ;A !a)igation toolbar ;A !a)igator 31( 120 new document 2D non7brea3ing hyphen B2 non7brea3ing spaces B2 nonconsecuti)e items( selecting ;D numbering e@uations 2DA numbering pages 102 numbers 131
"
<*5F5 1B obIects framing 1B; hidden 1B; <2/ format )ersion( sa)ing A2 <ffice *ssistant %0icrosoft' 3D <pen and 5a)e *s dialogs 31 <pen 5ource Fnitiati)e %<5F' 1=( 3DD <pen/5a)e dialogs 3D <pen2ocument /ormat 1B( A2 <pening menus 3EB orientation of page D; outline le)el 1EB
P
page brea3( Calc 1=D page layout different first page DD landscape page D; orientation D; page layouts 100 page margins 103( 1;= page numbering 102 parts of the main window 22 password protection 2B password7protect #2/ 2BD paste te1t ;B path options =2 #2/ blan3 page e1port 2BA digital rights management %2.0' 2BD embed standard fonts 2BA encrypt 2BD C#5 image 2B= e1port documents to 2B3
/2/ 2BA form 2BA image compression and resolution 2B= initial )iew selection 2BA pages to e1port 2B3 password7protect 2BD security settings 2BD tagged 2B= user interface options 2BA #2/ <ptions dialog 2B3 #2//*71a 2B= personal data( remo)ing 302 #ersonali4ation =E personas =E pictures adding from file 304 lin3ing 30A pi1els 1;= #owerpoint 1A2 presentation slide design 1E1 1E1 #resentation -i4ard 1E0 presentations sa)ing 3;1 primary 3ey 221 primary 3ey %database' 221 #rint dialog 2;= print file directly 2;= print options general =1 print pre)iew Calc 2B3 -riter 2B2 print ranges( Calc 1=E printer settings A1 printing blac3 and white on color printer 2B1 boo3let 2B0 brochure 2B0 Calc 1=E( 2;; en)elopes( labels( business cards 2B1 general options 2;A grayscale on color printer 2B2 handouts 2B0 headers and footers( Calc 1=; Fmpress and 2raw 2;B multiple pages per sheet 2;E notes %Fmpress' 2B0 page brea3( Calc 1=D page order( details( scale( in Calc 1=D page orientation 2;A rows or columns 1=D selecting what to print 2;D -riter 2;D
-nde0 " 3&%
F
@ueries %database' aliases 2A3 creating using a -i4ard 2=E creating using 2esign Hiew 2=; Ioined fields 22B search conditions 2=D Juery -i4ard %database' 2=E Juic3starter 21 enabling 3;
L
raster graphics 213 rectangle( drawing 1B1 redlines 10E regular e1pressions ;B relationships %database' 22A .C0 3=0 remo)e personal information on sa)ing =E remo)ing personal data 302 renaming sheets 12; renaming files 31 replacement table %font' == .eport -i4ard %database' 2AA re)ision mar3s 10E . 6 1;; right to left %.T$' layout 1B right7clic3 %conte1t' menus 2E rows deleting 12A inserting 12A rows( in Calc free4ing 12B selecting 12= rulers 1;=
%
sa)e as web page 32B sa)e *uto.eco)ery information A1 sa)e original 6asic code A2 sa)e relati)e ".$s A1 sa)ing files 2; sa)ing spreadsheets methods 11; scaling factor %user interface' 3B scanner 30E screen font antialiasing 3B security 2B security options =A selecting nonconsecuti)e items ;D )ertical bloc3 of te1t ;; selection clipboard =0 selection lists( Calc 13E selection( in Calc cells 123
3&& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!
sheets 12= send document as e7mail 2B; se@uence of styles( automatic DB setup options 3E sheet tabs 11A sheets copying sheets 12D description 112 inserting 12E na)igating 120 renaming 12; sheets( in Calc selecting 12= si4e optimi4ation A2 slide master 1EA( 1D3 apply 1DA author information 1D; Creating 1D= slide show automatically ad)ance 1;0 transitions 1;0 1A2 slides 1E3( 1EA( 1D3 5nap function 20E 5nap to grid 20E sort order %database fields' 2=E sorting records( Calc 1== special characters B1( B= spelling chec3er B3 spelling options AE spreadsheet using as data source 23; spreadsheets description 112 na)igate 11B opening 3DB sa)ing 11;( 3;1 sa)ing as 0icrosoft C1cel 11; starting a new document 2D starting $ibre<ffice 20 status bar 2E( 11E -riter ;3 5tyle dialog E=( EA styles 20E *pply 5tyle list E2 assigning to shortcut 3eys 3E3 *uto"pdate E= changing using 5tyle dialog E= creating by dragging and dropping EA creating from selection EA creating new EA creating using 5tyle dialog EA custom EA defining a se@uence DB deleting EE description E0 /ill /ormat E2 lin3ing EA
modifying E3 types supported E0 updating from a selection E= 1E; 5tyles and /ormatting window E1 5"6 3=0 subroutines 3=E subroutines in macros 3=0 5un 0icrosystems 3DE support 10 system font %user interface' 3B
lines and arrows 1B1 mo)ing 2= o)er)iew 23 show or hide icons 2= tooltips 3D( 1E= trac3 changes 10E transparency 20B two7digit years 3;
(
undo change 32 "ngrouping 212 unsa)ed changes flag ;= ".$ .ecognition 322 user data options 3E "ser guides 11 user interface options 3B user interface( parts of 12 user7specific settings A1
)
tab stops. B2 table of contents( automated 10A template associate with document DA create document from ED create from document E; create using wi4ard D0 deleting DD description E0 editing D1 e1porting DD folders DE update document styles from D2 templates importing DD te1t bulleted or numbered list 1E; outline le)el 1EB pasting 1ED te1t boundaries %show/hide' =D te1t bo1 *uto$ayout 1EE( 1E; te1t documents opening 3D; Te1t /ormatting toolbar 1E; theme deleting 310 themes 30; themes % allery' 310 title bar 112 tool palettes 2= toolbar command 3EB toolbar icons %macros' 3A0 toolbars 11=( 1AA adding commands 3E0 bloc3 arrows 1BD choosing icons for commands 3E1 connectors 1BA creating 3E0 cur)e 1B2 customi4ing 2= displaying or hiding 23 2raw 1;E /ontwor3 31= $ine and /illing toolbar 1;D
=
)alidating cell contents( Calc 13D )ariables in macros 3=1 H6* properties load/sa)e options A2 )ector graphics 1;= )ertical bloc3 of te1t( select ;; )iew options 3B
,
-eb $ayout 32B web page e1port Calc spreadsheets 330 Fmpress presentations 330 -eb wi4ard %-riter' 32E -riter documents 32E wildcards ;B wi4ard @uery %database' 2=E report %database' 2AA table %database' 21B web 32E 1E0 wor3space 2raw 1;= -riter document )iews ;A features ;2 !a)igation icons ;A !a)igation toolbar ;A status bar ;3 wor3space ;2 4oom ;A
E C H
N0$ A2 year %two digits' 3; 4oom ;A( 12B
-nde0 " 3&8

LibreOffice - Getting Started

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

LibreOffice - Getting Started

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Getting Started with LibreOffice 4.

Publication date and software version

Documentation for LibreOffice is available at http://www.libreoffice.org/get-help/documentation

Chapter 1 ntroducing !ibre"ffice..................................................................................................... 1#

Chapter $ %etting up !ibre"ffice........................................................................................................&'

Chapter & (sing %tyles and )emplates............................................................................................. '9

Chapter * +etting %tarted with ,riter............................................................................................... -1

Chapter ' +etting %tarted with Calc.................................................................................................111

Chapter . +etting %tarted with mpress.......................................................................................... 1'1

Chapter # +etting %tarted with /raw............................................................................................... 1-&

Chapter +etting %tarted with 0ase............................................................................................... $1'

Chapter 9 +etting %tarted with 1ath............................................................................................... $'9

Chapter 12 Printing3 45porting3 and 46mailing................................................................................. $-&

Chapter 11 +raphics3 the +allery3 and Fontwork............................................................................. &2&

"sing $ibre<fficeGs drawing tools............................................................................................. 312 "sing /ontwor3........................................................................................................................ 31=

Chapter 1$ Creating ,eb Pages........................................................................................................ &$1

Chapter 1& +etting %tarted with 1acros........................................................................................... &&'

Chapter 1* Customi7ing !ibre"ffice................................................................................................. &''

Appendi5 A 8eyboard %hortcuts.........................................................................................................&.#

Appendi5 0 "pen %ource3 "pen %tandards3 "pen/ocument..........................................................&#'

& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!

,ho is this book for9

,hat:s in this book9

,here to get more help

Free online support

)! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!

Paid support and training

2ocumentation 0ailing lists

,hat you see may be different

(sing !ibre"ffice on a 1ac

,hat are all these things called9

,ho wrote this book9

Fre?uently asked ?uestions

) " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!

>ew features in !ibre"ffice *

#ossibility to import 0icrosoft #ublisher documents( and further impro)ement of Hisio

3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice

,riter Aword processorB

/raw Avector graphicsB

)& " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!

1ath Aformula editorB

Cross6platform. $ibre<ffice runs on se)eral hardware architectures and under multiple

45tensive language support. The $ibre<ffice user interface is a)ailable in o)er =0

+ranularity. "sually( if you change an option( it affects all components. ,owe)er(

File compatibility. Fn addition to its nati)e <pen2ocument formats( $ibre<ffice includes

>o vendor lock6in. $ibre<ffice uses <pen2ocument( an N0$ %eNtensible 0ar3up

3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice " )8

;ow to get the software

;ow to install the software

45tensions and add6ons

7! " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!

(igure 7: LibreOffice Start 3enter

%tarting from an e5isting document

Fuickstarter for ,indows

3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice " 7)

(igure 3: 9uic2starter menu in :indows

Linux and Mac OS %

Parts of the main window

1ain menu bar

77 " Getting Started with LibreOffice .!

#is&la'ing or hiding toolbars

(igure : <0ample of tearing off a tool palette

3hapter ) -ntroducing LibreOffice " 73

Sub()enus and tool &alettes