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Reach The Goal Via Tajweed Rules: Teacher's Class Notes
Reach The Goal Via Tajweed Rules: Teacher's Class Notes
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Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
9
1. Heavy letters -=--I ,=I:-
They are collected in the phrase
[ ] OR [ ]
The way of pronouncing a Heavy Letter:-
The heavy letters have the quality of Istilaa
2
rising high.
Because while pronouncing them, a part of the tongue (mostly the back
part) rises up to the roof makes the letter sound heavy.
2. Light letters --,-I ,=I :-
All the letters other than the heavy letters and the temporary heavy
and light letters.
The way of pronouncing Light Letters:
The Light Letters have the quality of Istifaal
3
falling down, by
lowering the tongue when pronouncing the light letter.
3. Alif Madd --I =I
The quality of Alif Madd being heavy or light depends on the letter
preceding Alif Madd. If the letter before Alif Madd was light, so Alif Madd
should accordingly take a light sound. And if the letter before Alif Madd
was heavy, so Alif Madd should accordingly take a heavy sound.
4. The Ghunnah for Ikhfaa Haqiqi
See page 23 from Rules of Noon Saakinah and Tanween.
2
See page 40 for more details about Istilaa
3
See page 40 for more details about Istifaal
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
10
5. Rules for The Laam of The Exalted Name of Allah =-I _- >I
I>+I
This is one of the temporary Qualities
a) If there is a Fatha or a Dhamma before the word of Allah or
Allahum, then laam in Allah will be heavy.
Example:
!$#u u!$to !$# oys6 =9$# (#9$s% =9$#
b) If there is a kasrah before the word Allah, then the Laam in
Allah or Allahum will be light
Example:
!$$/ ! !$# % =9$#
c) If the reader starts reading with the name of Allah, then Laam
in Allah or Allahom will be heavy.
============================================
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
11
Lamm in Allah
should be
heavy
If the letter
before the name
of Allah has
Kasrah
Laam (,) in the
Exalted name of Allah
':- =' , ;:' =,-
= - ,,'
If the letter
before the name
of Allah has fat-
hah or
Dhammah
Lamm in
Allah
should be
light
If reader starts
reading with the
name of Allah
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
12
Look at the
previous letter
Hamzatul
Wassl
letter Yaa
()
Because the following letter
(in the same word) is heavy
5
>
Y 7
R 7
Note: - Tanween only occurs at the end of nouns (except for two verbs)
whereas Noon Saakinah may occur anywhere in a word (in the middle or at
the End).
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
14
First: Izhaar Halqi _- _,|,
Izhaar means clear
Izhaar Letters: the throat letters . _ _ _ _
The way of pronunciation :-
If a Noon Saakin or a Tanween is followed by any of the six throat
letters, The Noon Saakin or the Tanween is pronounced clearly from its
respective origination without Ghunnah.
Examples on Noon Saakin
r& ]t y9 zyz
4sSt |Myr& dr&
Examples on Tanween
>tt $pn=t #7t #s) n=y }
>tt yyz $ys ) >t/x. 7y%s{
>
Note:- If the Tanween is followed by Hamzatul wassl ) =,' ,< ( , the reader is
supposed to pronounce the noon in the Tanween like Noon with Kasrah.
Example:
>tt s)tGRQ$#
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
15
Second: Iqlaab .:,
Iqlaab means: - to turn over
Iqlaab letters:- .
The way of pronunciation:-
If a Noon Saakin or Tanween is followed by , it is converted into a
hidden Meen with separating between lips. And the reader should make
Ghunnah for 2 beats
Examples on Noon Saakin
. t/ $uKt7/r's
Examples on Tanween
$Jxos9 u$9$$/ tt zypg2
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
16
Third: Idghaam ;-.,
Idghaam means: -
To mix or to put one thing into another. It is the mixing or entering
of a Saakin letter into a Mutaharrik letter following it, so that they became a
single Mushaddad letter.
Idghaam Letters:-
There are six letters of Idghaam which are collected in the word ,'-,
Types of Idghaam
1- Idghaam with Ghunnah
- The Letters for the Idghaam with Ghunnah: - ' ' . ' ' ; ' ' " OR " ,--, "
If the Noon Saakin or the Tanween is followed by any of these four
letters, the reader should make Idghaam with Ghunnah for 2 beats.
- The way of pronunciation:-
Skip the Noon or Tanween and Pronounce Ghunna with the following
letter for 2 beats
- Examples on Noon Saakin
n=s .y ys yt i | !#uu
Note: the Noon Saakin or the Tanween and the Idgham letter have to be in
two different words, otherwise the reader is not Supposed to do Idghaam. In
this case it will be Izhaar Motlaq ('=- ';=) and this case can be found only
in 4 words in Quran
#u #u% u/ $u9$#
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
17
- Examples on Tanween
7tt u$ >=% 7tt [!#ty_ i #Yt/ u
2- Idghaam without Ghunnah
- The Letters for the Idghaam without Ghunnah: - ' , ' ' _ '
If the Noon Saakin or the Tanween is followed by any of these two
letters, there is no Ghunnah while making the Idghaam.
- The way of pronunciation:-
Skip the Noon or Tanween and Pronounce or without Ghunna
- Examples on Noon Saakin
t h5 .s! 9
- Examples on Tanween
. ts>y=j9 ts9 m
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
18
Fourth: Ikhfaa Haqiqi _,- -,
Ikhfaa maens:
To hide, It is the pronunciation Of Noon Saakina or Tanween In a way so that
the sound is between Idghaam and Izhaar.
Letters of Ikhfaa:-
Any letter other than the lettes of Izhaar, Iqlaab or Idghaam letters.
The way of pronunciation:-
If any letter other than the letters of Izhaar, Iqlaab or Idghaam letters
follows the Noon Saakin or Tanween, the Reader should hide the Noon Saakin
or Tanween. The reader is also required to make Ghunnah for two beats.
The Ghunnah for the Ikhfaa:-
1- Heavy Ghunnah
2- Light Ghunnah
First: The Heavy Ghunnah -=-- --
If the Noon Saakina or the Tanween is followed by one of the heavy
letters ( ), the Sound of Ghunnah should also be heavy: -
Examples on Noon Saakin
t t 4xs
Examples on Tanween
$\/#xt $Y6s% =G. yhs%
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
19
Second: The Light Ghunnah --,- --
If the Noon Saakin or the Tanween is followed by a light letter, the sound
of Ghunnah should be light.
Examples on Noon Saakin
ys u!$x 3txr&
Examples on Tanween
$U(x.u $]%$y 7tt 'x
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Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
21
How to pronounce each rule
Izhaar Halqi
+
Idgham with Ghunna
1. Skip the
2. Put imaginary ( ) on the next letter +
nasal sound with the next letter (2
beats).
r&
$t 8u%tn
#7t #s)
7>t/x. 7y%s{
' - |
` _ . -,--
=,- . .,
= .,. ' -.-
ys yt
7yo
i |
!#uu
,= =-
.- -=-
==- ==
,- ,,_
_ 7tt
$t 8y|
yz #s+/r&u
#\yz tt
7$!#uu $tu
, ` ,- =.-,
` _ '- ==
_,| ` _-
, _-
- =|
Written
As
Pronounced
As
Pronounced
As
Written
As For Noon Saakin
For Tanween
For Noon Saakin
For Tanween
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
22
h
x
u=s
t 9,t7s
=- . ==
` , .= _=
, =.= =
- =.= ,=
Light Ghunnah
Heavy Ghunnah
Idgham without Ghunna
Skip the
Change
7
Y
Change hidden with nasal sound (2 beats)
Ikhfaa Haqiqi
r& 9
r& #u
y{ y79
7t 7u#
7tus
| |
_ |
c| ` _-
-,=_ -=,-
| =.-,,
Pronounced
As
Written
As
Pronounced As
Written As
Change
7
Y
Change
Change
+
+
+
hidden with nasal sound (2 beats)
hidden with nasal sound (2 beats)
hidden with nasal sound (2 beats)
For Noon Saakin
For Tanween
For Noon Saakin
For Tanween
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
23
y)
$VKt #s
$y| $y|
--, .= _=
=,., =.= =
.== ==
Light Ghunnah
Heavy Ghunnah
Iqlaab
Change hidden with nasal sound (2 beats)
#t. ;utt/
8t t/
==- _=
== =,= ,=
$uKt7/r's
. t/
- == ,=
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As
Pronounced
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As
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7
Change
Change
+
+
+
hidden with nasal sound (2 beats)
hidden with nasal sound (2 beats)
hidden with nasal sound (2 beats)
R
For Noon Saakin
For Tanween
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
24
The Rules of Meem Saakinah
-.' ,,' ;-|
Meem Saakin: -
Is a Meem with no Harakah () or a Meem with a Sukoon sign ( )
Rules of Meem Saakin
5
: -
1- Ikhfaa Shafawi ,,= -,
2- Idghaam Mutamathelyne Sagheer _-= _- ;-.,
3- Izhaar Shafawi ,,= _,|,
First: Ikhfaa Shafawi ,,= -,
Ikhfaa means:- hide, So it is the hiding of the origination of Meem
by not letting the two lips come in complete contact.
Letters of Ikhfaa Shafawi ,,= -,
The way of pronounciation:-
If the Meem Sakin is followed by a , the Meem is pronounced in a way
that the two lips do not come in complete contact. A ghunnah with two beats is
also done in this case
Examples:-
et7s A>#xy/ s>t r'/ /u 6/x/
5
Please refer to the chart page 31 to be able to find the rule and apply it while reciting Quran
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
25
Second :Idghaam Mutamathelyne Sagheer _-= _- ;-.,
Idgham means: -
to mix or to put on thing into another. It is the mixing or entering of a
saakin letter into a Mutaharrik letter following it.
Letters of Idghaam Mutamathelyne Sagheer_-= _- ;-.,
The way of pronounciation:-
If a Meem Saakin is followed by a , the second Meem is pronounced with
Ghunnah with two beats.
Examples:-
ot#uu i !#uu 8t r& tO6
Third: Izhaar Shafawi ,,= _,|,
(6)
Izhaar Shafawi means: - clear or clear Meem
Letters of Izhaar Shafawi:- All the Letters other than ,
The way of pronunciation:-
If the Meem Saakinah is followed by any letter other than , , it has
to be pronounced clearly by making a complete contact of the two lips.
Examples:-
s9r& ygs !#t t E| t$y
6
When the Meem is followed by () or (), the Izhaar should be stronger and it is called Izhaar Shafawi
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Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
27
Al-Madd
=...'
Al-Madd means: Long.
Conventionally, it may be defined as to make the Madd letters long under
some conditions.
The way of pronunciation
Al-Madd can be prolonged from two to six beats depending upon its
kind.
Letters to have Madd
Leen letters
1. Yaa Saakin preceded by a
letter with a Fathah
Example: t%
2. Waaoo Saakin preceded by
a letter with a Fathah
Example: yz
Huroof Maddiyyah
1. Alif saakinah preceded by a
Fathah
Example: u$yt2
2. Waaoo Saakinah preceded by
a Dhammah
Example: _
3. Yaa Saakin preceded by a
Kasrah
Example: /3
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
28
Types of Madd: -
Madd Tabeeee _-,,| =-
Madd Al-Badal ,=,' =-
Madd Ewadh ,-' =-
Madd Aaridh Li-Ssukoon .,.' _- =-
Madd Al-Leen _' =-
Madd Waajib Muttasil =- .- =-
Madd Jaaez Munfasil =- ,- =-
Madd Laazim ;_! =-
Madd Tabeeee
_-,,=' ='
Madd Tabeeee means the natural Madd. The natural Madd is simply
one of the Madd letters or or (Huroof maddeya -,=- =,-) not followed
by a Hamzah () or a Saakin letter.
The natural Madd is prolonged two beats.
Example:-
2' s? ;u$yt2
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
29
Madd Al-Badal
,=,' =-
Madd Al-Badal can simply be defined as (every Hamza preceding a
Madd letter).
Madd Al-Badal, if not followed by a Saakin letter or Hamzah, is prolonged only
2 beats.
Example:-
$uGt$t/ #uu stF$#
Madd Ewadh
,-' =-
Ewadh means: compensation. Madd Ewadh is the replacement of a
Tanween Fathah present at the end of a word while sopping at it, with an Alif
Madd
(7)
.
Madd Ewadh is prolonged two beats.
Example:-
$R/t? [!$t $[s7y #Xr& $y|
7
Except for Taa Marbuta . The Reader should stop on Taa Marbuta and pronounce it like Haa with
Sukoon
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
30
Madd Aridh Li-Ssukoon
.,.' _- =-
Madd Aridh Li-Ssukoon means temporary Madd for stopping .
If a Madd Tabeeee is followed by a letter at the end of a word, which has been
made Saakin temporarily because the reader has to stop at the word, the reader
should prolong the Madd Tabeeee to be Madd Aridh Li-Ssukoon.
Madd Aridh Li-Ssukoon can be prolonged 2,4 or 6 beats.
For the sake of simplicity, we will prolong it 4 beats..
Examples:-
9d zr& y9$# oq9$# t9u!$|tFt
Madd Al-leen
' =-
Leen means easy.
The Leen letters:- A Waaoo () or Yaa () Saakin preceded by a letter with a
Fathah.
When should we do this Madd?
If one of the Leen letters is followed by a letter at the end of a word, which has
been Saakin due to stop
(8)
, the reader should prolong the Leen letter. The reader
can choose to prolong it 2,4 or 6 beats.
Example:-
yz Mt79$# #9$#u
8
If the reader will not stop, no Madd is applied.
Note: This Madd only exists if the reader stops on that word. If the
reader does not stop on it, it should be considered as a Madd Tabeeee
(2 beats).
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
31
Madd Waajib Muttasil
=- .- =-
Waajib means Mandatory and the Muttasil means Joined.
If a Madd letter [ or or ] is followed by a Hamzah (), which is
present in the same word, the reader should prolong it 4-5 beats.
Example:-
u(%`u y7s9'& u!$x !$y9$# !$y9$#
Madd Jaaez Munfasil
=- - =-
Jaaez Means permitted. Munfasil means Seperated.
If a Madd Letter [ or or ] present at the end of a word is followed
by a Hamzah () which is present in the beginning of the next word, the reader
is supposed to prolong the Madd letter 4-5 beats which is Madd Jaaez
Munfasil
9
.
Examples:-
!$) o9tr& %!$# us)r& %!$# yyr& (#Wt7=t )
9
If the reader stops on a word that ends with Madd sign like%!$#, the Madd will be considered as Madd
Tabeeee (2 beats)
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
32
Madd Laazim
;_v =-
1- Madd Lazim Kalimee Muthaqqal - _ ;_! =- :-
If a Madd Letter is followed by a Mushaddad letter, the reader is
required to prolong the Madd letter.
It must be prolonged for 6 beats.
Example:-
z!$9$# !$9$# ~!$| 3
Madd Lazim Harfee
_-,= > --
Madd Lazim Kalimee
_-I > --
Muthaqqal
J---
6 beats
Mukhaffaf
=-=-
6 beats
Muthaqqal
J---
6 beats
Mukhaffaf
=-=-
6 beats
Types of Madd Laazim.
;_:' =' _,|
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
33
2- Madd Laazim Kalimee Mukhaffaf .= _ ;_! =- :-
If a Madd letter is followed by a Saakin letter, which is present in the
same word, the reader is required to prolong the Madd letter.
It Must also be prolonged no less than 6 beats.
Examples:- this is the only case in the Quran
zt9!#u
3- Madd Laazim Harfee Muthaqqal - ;_! =- - ,, :-
If a Madd letter is followed by a Mushaddad letter, the reader is
required to prolong the Madd letter.
This Madd must be prolonged for 6 beats.
Examples:-
Written as Pronounced as
!9#
.' '.'| '. .= ',.,.- ;
!9#
.' '.'| _ ',.,.- ;
$!9#
.' '.'| ',.,.- ;
6 beats
6 beats
6 beats
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
34
4- Madd Laazim Harfee Mukhaffaf .= ,,- ;_! =- :-
If a Madd letter is followed by a Saakin letter, both of them being present in the
same letter, the reader is required to prolong the Madd letter.
This Madd must be prolonged 6 beats.
Examples:-
Written as Pronounced as
!2
(10)
'. .= .',.- ., . '= .
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.' '.'| '. .= ',.,.- ;
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10
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Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
38
First: The Permanent Qualities With Opposites
.=' --_:' .='
Types & Definitions
Hams
Literally means concealment
Technically means the
continuation of the breath when
pronouncing the letter due to
weakness in its origin, causing
weakness in its reliance on its
makhraj
The following letters have this
quality:
.= = -
Jahr
Literally means to be apparent
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discontinuation of the breath when
pronouncing the letter due to
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rely greatly on its makhraj
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quality
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Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
40
Istilaa :-=,
Literally means elevation.
Technically means the elevation of
the back tongue towards the roof of the
mouth when pronouncing a letter.
The letters that have this quality are:
Istifaal ,=,
Literally means lowering or
dropping
Technically means keeping the
tongue lowered from the roof of the
mouth while pronouncing a letter.
All letters besides the letters of
Istilaa have the quality of Istifaal.
Itbaaq ,,|,
Literally means adhesion
Technically means adhesion of the
tongue to the roof of the mouth while
pronouncing a letter.
The following letters contain this
quality:
=
Note: these letters also have Istilaa.
Infitaah _,
Literally means separation
Technically means keeping the
tongue separated from the roof of the
mouth while pronouncing a letter.
All letters besides the letters of
Itbaaq contain the quality of Infitaah.
Idhlaq ,!.,
Literally means fluency, purity in
speech
Technically means the articulation of
the letters with utmost ease from the
sides of the tongue or lips as if they are
slipping away.
The following letters contain this
quality:
.' - ,
Ismaat .=,
Literally means desistance
Technically means the articulation
of the letters with utmost strength and
stability from their makhraj,
without which the letter will not be
articulated.
All other letters contain this quality.
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
41
Second: The Permanent Qualities
Without Opposites
.=.' _- --_:| .=|
Types & definitions
1. Qalqalah '
Literally it means to echo
Technically, it is a permanent quality that creates an echoing sound or a
slight vibration in the Makhraj.
This quality is found in the following 5 letters:
. _ . = } (=- .=)
There are 3 levels of Qalqala as regards to the strength of its pronunciation.
Strongest: when making waqf (stopping) on a mushaddad letter of
Qalqala
Strong: when making waqf on a sakin letter of qalqala
Weak: when the sakin letter of qalqala is in the middle of a word
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Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
42
2. As-Safeer _='
Literally means the whistle
Technically it is the natural occurrence of a whistle like sound emitted
while pronouncing the letters.
The following letters contain this quality:
_
3. Al-Leen _'
Literally, it means softness
Technically, it means the articulation of the letter from its makhraj with a
natural ease and softness present in the letter.
The following letters have this quality:
Waw sakinah (' ) with a fatha on the letter before it
Yaa sakinah (' ,) with a fathah on the letter before it.
4. Al-Inhiraf =,-!
Literally it means to deviate.
Technically it is the slight deviation of the tongue towards the makhraj of
raa while pronouncing laam and towards laam while pronouncing raa.
This quality is found in only the following two letters:
_ ,
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
43
5. At-Takreer ,,,'
Literally means repetition
Technically means the trilling of the tongue while pronouncing a letter
that causes the letter to be pronounced more than once.
This is found only in
_
Note: - Unlike other qualities, we must abstain from this quality while
pronouncing this letter.
6. At-Tafasshy _='
Literally means to spread around
Technically, it is the spreading around of the sound of the letter in the
mouth while pronouncing it.
This quality is found only in:
7. Istitaalah '==!
Literally means prolongation
Technically, it is the prolongation of the sound throughout its makhraj;
from its beginning till the end (1.5 to 1.75 beat).
This is found only in the status of Sukoon or Shaddah for the letter:
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1
st
edition
44
References
1. ,, .`,, The Holy Quran .
2. Abdulwahid Hamid Graded Steps in Quran ReadingMELS-Muslim Education &
literary services, Miami, FL. 2001.
3. Hassan Bin Salim, +,. =~, http://saaid.net/book/open.php?cat=2&book=98,
1994
4. Haroon R. Baqai, lets beautify our recitation- 3
rd
Edition, Faith Publication.
Reviewed by
Wt|t `tw
This Book,
This book teaches how to recite Quran the way it was
revealed for those who do know how to read Arabic text. It goes
gradually from the simplest rules of Tajweed that can be
applied on the short Surahs that most people know and recite
during Salah. The teacher can teach the rules step by step and
apply them on the way on each Surah starting from Surah
Annas until the learners can get all the rules on the
way while they are reading from Quran.
May Allah teach us that which benefits us and may He benefit
us with what He taught us.
`t{t `A et{xw