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Physics Equations Sheets
Physics Equations Sheets
Physics Equations Sheets
mass, Electron mass, Magnitude of the electron charge, Avogadros number, Universal gas constant, Boltzmanns constant, Speed of light, Plancks constant,
1u = 1.66 10 27 kg = 931 MeV/c
m p = 1.67 10
2
27
PREFIXES Factor
10 9 10 10
6 3
Symbol m kg s A K mol Hz N Pa J W C V
Symbol G M k c m
kilogram second ampere kelvin mole hertz newton pascal joule watt coulomb volt ohm henry
2
mn = 1.67 10 27 kg me = 9.11 10 31 kg
e = 1.60 10 19 C
N0 = 6.02 10 23 mol 1
R = 8.31 J / (mol K )
23
10 2 10 10
3 6
k B = 1.38 10
J/K
10 9 10
12
n p
c = 3.00 10 8 m / s
h = 6.63 10 34 J s = 4.14 10 15 eV s
hc = 1.99 10 25 J m = 1.24 10 3 eV nm
0
o
cos 1
3 /2
tan 0
3 /3
Vacuum permittivity, Coulombs law constant, Vacuum permeability, Magnetic constant, Universal gravitational constant, Acceleration due to gravity at the Earths surface, 1 atmosphere pressure, 1 electron volt,
0 = 8.85 10 12 C 2 / N m 2
k = 1 / 4 0 = 9.0 10 9 N m 2 / C 2 k
= 0 / 4 = 10 7 (T m ) / A
0 = 4 10 7 (T m ) / A
G = 6.67 10 g = 9.8 m / s
2
5 2
30o
37o 45o 53o 60o 90o
H F T
o
4/5
2 /2
3/4 1 4/3
3
11
m / kg s
3
4/5
3 /2
3/5 1/2 0
1 eV = 1.60 10
19
eV
The following conventions are used in this examination. I. Unless otherwise stated, the frame of reference of any problem is assumed to be inertial. II. The direction of any electric current is the direction of flow of positive charge (conventional current). III. For any isolated electric charge, the electric potential is defined as zero at an infinite distance from the charge. IV. The work done by a thermodynamic system is defined as a positive quantity.
u = u0 + at
x = x0 + u 0 t + 1 2 at 2
u 2 = u 0 2 + 2 a x x0
F = Fnet = ma F fric mN ac =
u2
r
t = rF sin q
p = mv J = FDt = K = 1 mu 2 2
Dp
DUg = mgh
W = F s = Fs cos q Pavg = W Dt
a = F= f = h = J = K= k = l= m= N= P= p = r = s = T= t = U= u= W= x = m= q= t =
acceleration force frequency height impulse kinetic energy spring constant length mass normal force power momentum radius or distance displacement period time potential energy velocity or speed work position coefficient of friction angle torque
UE = qV = E avg = V = C = C = Uc = 1 4 p 0 Q V V d
rii
q
i
0 A d
1 1 QV = CV 2 2 2
A= B= C= d = E= e= F= I = l= P= Q= q = R= r = t = U= V=
I avg = R =
DQ Dt
area magnetic field capacitance distance electric field emf force current length power charge point charge resistance distance time potential (stored) energy electric potential or potential difference u = velocity or speed r = resistivity fm = magnetic flux
rl A
V = IR P = IV Cp =
P = Fu Fs = k x Us = 1 2 kx 2 m k l g
Ci
i
1 1 = Cs C i i Rs = 1 = Rp
Ri
i
Ts = 2 p Tp = 2 p T = 1 f
1 Ri
FG = UG =
Gm1m2 r2 Gm1m2 r
fm = B
A = BA cos q
eavg e
Dfm Dt
= Blu
ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS B EQUATIONS FOR 2000 THERMAL PHYSICS ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS A = area c = specific heat or molar specific heat e = efficiency Kavg = average molecular kinetic energy L = heat of transformation l = length M = molecular mass m = mass of sample n = number of moles p = pressure Q = heat transferred T = temperature U = internal energy V = volume urms = root-mean-square velocity W = work done by system a = coefficient of linear expansion = mass of molecule
E = hf = pc Kmax = hf f
l =
D l = a l 0 DT
Q = mL Q = mcDT p = F A
h p
pV = nRT Kavg = 3 k T 2 B 3 RT = M 3k B T
DE = ( Dm) c 2
E= f = K= m= p = l= f=
urms =
W = pDV Q = ncDT
DU = Q W DU = ncV DT
e = Q QC W = H QH QH
T TC ec = H TH
u = fl
n = c u
1 1 1 + = si s0 f h s M = i = i s0 h0 f = R 2 ml L d
d = separation f = frequency or focal length h = height L = distance M = magnification m = an integer n = index of refraction R = radius of curvature s = distance u = speed x = position l = wavelength q = angle
A= C= V= S = b = h = l = w= r =
area circumference volume surface area base height length width radius
c
q
a 90
d sin q = ml xm
ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C EQUATIONS FOR 2000 MECHANICS ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
1 q1q2 4 p 0 r 2 F E = q Q E dA = 0 dV E = dr qi 1 V = 4 p 0 ri F =
i
u = u0 + at
1 x = x0 + u0 t + at 2 2 u 2 = u0 2 + 2a x x0 F = Fnet = ma dp F = dt J = F dt = Dp p = mv F fric mN
W = K =
1 mu 2 2 dW P = dt DUg = mgh ac =
IF
ds
u 2 = w2r r
a = F= f = h = I = J = K= k = l= L= m= N= P= p = r = s = T= t = U= u= W= x = m= q= t = w= a=
acceleration force frequency height rotational inertia impulse kinetic energy spring constant length angular momentum mass normal force power momentum radius or distance displacement period time potential energy velocity or speed work position coefficient of friction angle torque angular speed angular acceleration
UE = qV = Q V k0 A C = d C p = Ci C =
i
1 q1q2 4 p 0 r
A= B= C= d = E= e= F= I = L= l= n =
1 1 = Cs C i i dQ I = dt 1 1 Uc = QV = CV 2 2 2 rl R = A V = IR Rs = 1 = Rp
area magnetic field capacitance distance electric field emf force current inductance length number of loops of wire per unit length P = power Q = charge q = point charge R = resistance r = distance t = time U = potential or stored energy V = electric potential u = velocity or speed r = resistivity fm = magnetic flux k = dielectric constant
Ri
i
1 Ri
P = IV F M = qv B B d l = m0 I F =
I Id l B IB
Bs = m0 nI
fm =
dA
dfm dt e = L dI dt 1 2 U L = LI 2
A= C= V= S = b = h = l= w= r =
area circumference volume surface area base height length width radius
c q b 90
CALCULUS
df d f du = dx du dx
2 7 2 7
I I
I I sin x dx = cos x