-is a branch of mathematics that involves the study of the fundamental properties of numbers, mainly the REAL NUMBERS.

REAL NUMBERS

RATIONAL
INTEGERS (whole #s)

NON INTEGERS
(fractions, decimal numbers)

FRACTION
- is used to represent part of a whole - consist of numerator and denominator e.g.

3 4

numerator denominator

3 Kinds of Fraction
1. PROPER FRACTION - the numerator is < the denominator e.g. 1/5, 1/3, 10/15 2. IMPROPER FRACTION - the numerator denominator e.g. 5/3, 6/6, 10/8 3. MIXED FRACTION - fraction w/ whole number 1 2/3, 4 5/9, 5 4/5

Conversion with FRACTION

IMPROPER to MIXED
Rule: Divide the numerator by the denominator and write the remainder as fraction. e.g. 7/4 = 1

MIXED to IMPROPER
Rule: Multiply denominator by the whole number and add the product to numerator, write sum over the same denominator. e.g. 1 = 7/4 3 3/6= 21/6 2 5/4 = 13/4

Reducing fraction to Lowest Term

Rule: Divide the numerator and denominator by their GCF (greatest common factor) e.g. 3: 6:
GCF=3

3/6 3/3 =

OPERATION WITH FRACTION

1. ADDITION a. Like Fractions: Add the numerator and copy the common denominator. Example: 4/20 + 5/20 + 8/20 = 17/20

b. Unlike Fractions: First, find the LCD (Least Common Denominator) divide the LCD by the denominator of each fraction & multiply the result by its numerator & apply (a). Example: 3/6 + 6/4 = 6+18/12 = 24/12 = 2

2. SUBTRACTION a. Like fractions: Subtract the numerators and copy the common denominator.
Example: 11/25 3/25 = 8/25

b. Unlike fractions: Find the LCD (Least Common Denominator). Divide the LCD by the denominator of each fraction and multiply the result by its numerator, then apply (a). Example: 4/15 = 16 - 15/60 = 1/60

MULTIPLICATION a. Multiply the numerators of the given fractions to get the numerator of the product and multiply their common denominators to get the denominator of the product. Then simplify the result. Example: 4/9 * 3/5 = 12/45 or 4/15 b. Cancellation Method: a numerator may be cancelled with any denominator in the given fractions, dividing each by their GCF. Then apply (a). 1 14 / 21 3 * 7 49 / 56 4 = 7/12

DIVISION Multiply the dividend by the reciprocal, or multiplicative inverse of the divisor. Example: 16/35 4/7 =4 16 / 35 5* 1 7/4 1 = 4/5