Language Teaching Methodology Series
General Edt: Christopher N,
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LANGUAGE
TEACHING
METHODOLOGY
A textbook for teachers
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ae Oe EeContents
General Eoltor's Preface
Preface
Classroom Extracts
Chapter One An Empirical Approach toLanguage Teaching
Methodology
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Defining methodology
13 Research into language processing and production
1.4 The contextand environment of learning,
1.5 Classroomsin action
116 Exploringlanguage classrooms
1.7 How tose thisbook
1.8 Conclusion
Chapter Two Communicative Approaches to Listening
Comprehension
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Bottom-upand top-down viewsof listening
2.3 Identifying different typesot listening
2.4 Textual connectivity
2.5 Listeningpurpose
2.6 What makeslistening dificult?”
2:7 Listeningtextsand tasks
2.8 Investigatinglisteningcomprehension
2.9 Conclusion
ChapterThree Speakingina Second Language
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Identifying diferent types of speskirg
43.3 Predictability and unpredictability
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3.4 Theconceptof genre
3.5 The difficulty ofspeaking sks
3.6 Classroom interaction
3.7 Stimulating oral interaction in the classroom V/
3.8 Investigating speaking and oral interaction
319 Conclusion
Chapter Four Reading: A Discourse Perspective
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Bottom-vpand top-down viewson reading /
4.3 Schema theory and reading
4°4 Research into readinginasecond language
45 Reading and social context
4.6 Typesof reading text
4.7 Thereadinglesson
48 Investigating reading comprehension
4.9 Conclusion
ChapterFive Developing Writing Skills
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Comparing spoken and writen language ¥
513 Writing as processand writings product
54 Thegeneriestructure of written texts
5.5 Differences between skilledand unskilled writers
‘5.6 Writing classrooms nd materials,
5.7 Investigating writing development
5.8 Conclusion
Chapter Six Mastering the Sounds of the Language
( 6:1 Introduction
S62 Conteastive phonology
$6.3 Recent theory and esearch
‘64 Pronuncitionin practice
65 Investigating pronunciation
6.6 Conclusion
ChapterSeven Teaching Vocabulary
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The status of vocabulary inthe curriculum
7.3 Word lists and frequency counts
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14 Vocabulary andcontext
115 Vocabulary development and second language aequisition
7.6 Semantic networks and features
7.7 Memory and vocabulary development
7.8 Investigating the teachingandlearningeef vocabulary
7.9 Conclusion
Chapter Eight FocusonForm: The Role of Grammar
8.1 Introduction
8.2 The traditional language classroom
8.3 Second language acquisition esearch adits influence on practice
8.4 Grammatical consciousness-raising
8.5 Systemic functional linguistics and pedagogical grammars
186 Pedagogical materialsand techniques for teaching grammar
8.7 Investigating the te2ching andlearningef grammar
8.8 Conclusion
ChapterNine Focus on the Leamer: Leaming Styles and Strategies
9.1 Intraduetion
9.2 Research into earning styles and strategies
9.3 The good' language learner
9.4 Alearner-centred approach to anguageteaching
9.5 Learningstratepiesin the classroom
9.6 Investigating learning strategy preferences
9.7 Conclusion
Chapter Ten Focus on the Teacher Classroom Management and
Teachor-Student interaction
10.1 Inteoduction
10.2 Amountand type of teacher tale
10.3 Teacher questions
10.8 Feedback on learner performance
10.5 Classroom management inaction
10.6 Investigating teacher tale
10.7 Conelusion
ChapterEleven Materials Development
41.1 Introduction
\/11.2 Commercial materials
VALS Researchonmateriasin se
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