t I u c h u n quc gia

tcvn ISO 22000 : 2007 ISO 22000 : 2005

Xut bn ln 1

h thng qun l an ton thc phm yu cu i vi cc t chc trong chui thc phm
Food safety management systems Requirements for any organization in the food chain

H ni - 2007

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

Mc lc
Trang 1 Phm vi p dng ....................................................................................................................... 2 Ti liu vin dn ........................................................................................................................ 3 Thut ng v nh ngha............................................................................................................. 4 H thng qun l an ton thc phm ......................................................................................... 4.1 Yu cu chung ................................................................................................................... 4.2 Yu cu v h thng ti liu ............................................................................................... 5 Trch nhim ca lnh o ......................................................................................................... 5.1 Cam kt ca lnh o ........................................................................................................ 5.2 Chnh sch an ton thc phm .......................................................................................... 5.3 Hoch nh h thng qun l an ton thc phm ............................................................... 5.4 Trch nhim v quyn hn ................................................................................................ 5.5 Trng nhm an ton thc phm ....................................................................................... 5.6 Trao i thng tin ............................................................................................................... 5.7 Chun b sn sng v gii quyt tnh hung khn cp ....................................................... 5.8 Xem xt ca lnh o ........................................................................................................ 6 Qun l ngun lc ..................................................................................................................... 6.1 Cung cp ngun lc ........................................................................................................... 6.2 Ngun nhn lc .................................................................................................................. 6.3 C s h tng .................................................................................................................... 6.4 Mi trng lm vic ............................................................................................................ 7 Hoch nh v to sn phm an ton ......................................................................................... 7.1 Qui nh chung .................................................................................................................. 7.2 Cc chng trnh tin quyt (PRPs) ................................................................................... 7.3 Cc bc ban u phn tch mi nguy hi .................................................................... 7.4 Phn tch mi nguy hi ...................................................................................................... 7.5 Thit lp cc chng trnh hot ng tin quyt (PRPs) ..................................................... 7.6 Thit lp k hoch HACCP ................................................................................................. HACCP ............................................................................................................................. 7.8 K hoch kim tra xc nhn .............................................................................................. 7.9 H thng xc nh ngun gc ............................................................................................. 7.10 Kim sot s khng ph hp ........................................................................................... 5 6 6 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 17 18 20 22 22 24 24 25 25

7.7 Cp nht thng tin v ti liu ban u qui nh cc chng trnh tin quyt PRPs v k hoch

Trang 8 Xc nh gi tr s dng, kim tra xc nhn v ci tin h thng qun l an ton thc phm .... 8.1 Qui nh chung .................................................................................................................. 8.2 Xc nhn gi tr s dng ca t hp bin php kim sot .................................................. 8.3 Kim sot vic theo di v o lng .................................................................................. 8.4 Kim tra xc nhn h thng qun l an ton thc phm .................................................... 8.5 Ci tin .............................................................................................................................. Ph lc A (tham kho) 28 28 28 29 29 31

So snh gia TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000:2005) v TCVN ISO 32 38

9001:2000 (ISO 9001:2000) .......................................................................................................... Ph lc B (tham kho) So snh gia HACCP v TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000:2005) ..........

Ph lc C (tham kho) Ti liu tham kho ca Codex cung cp v d v bin php kim sot, bao gm c chng trnh tin quyt v hng dn la chn v s dng ....................................................... Ti liu tham kho ......................................................................................................................... 40 46

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

TIu chun quc gia

tcvn ISO 22000 : 2007

H thng qun l an ton thc phm Yu cu i vi cc t chc trong chui thc phm
Food safety management systems Requirements for any organization in the food chain

1 Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny qui nh cc yu cu i vi h thng qun l an ton thc phm trong cc t chc trong chui thc phm cn phi chng t kh nng kim sot c mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm m bo rng thc phm an ton cho tiu dng. Tiu chun ny p dng cho tt c cc t chc, khng phn bit qui m, lin quan n chui thc phm v mun p dng cc h thng thch hp cung cp sn phm an ton. T chc c th s dng cc ngun lc bn trong v/hoc bn ngoi p ng cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny. Tiu chun ny qui nh cc yu cu t chc c th a) hoch nh, p dng, vn hnh, duy tr v cp nht h thng qun l an ton thc phm nhm cung cp cc sn phm an ton cho ngi tiu dng theo mc ch s dng d kin ca sn phm, b) chng t s tun th vi cc yu cu v an ton thc phm theo lut nh v ch nh, c) xc nh v nh gi yu cu ca khch hng v chng t s ph hp vi cc yu cu tha thun vi khch hng lin quan n an ton thc phm, nhm tng cng tha mn khch hng, d) trao i mt cch c hiu qu cc vn v an ton thc phm vi nh cung ng, khch hng v cc bn quan tm lin quan trong chui thc phm, e) m bo rng t chc tun th chnh sch v an ton thc phm cng b, f) chng t s ph hp ny vi cc bn quan tm lin quan, v

g) ngh t chc bn ngoi chng nhn h thng qun l an ton thc phm hoc thc hin vic t nh gi hay t cng b s ph hp vi tiu chun ny.

Tt c cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny l yu cu chung v nhm p dng cho tt c cc t chc trong chui thc phm, khng phn bit qui m v mc phc tp ca t chc. Trong bao gm cc t chc lin quan trc tip hoc gin tip ti mt hoc nhiu giai on ca chui thc phm. Cc t chc lin quan trc tip bao gm, nhng khng gii hn , nh sn xut thc n chn nui, ngi thu hoch, nng dn, nh sn xut cc thnh phn, nh sn xut thc phm, nh bn l thc phm, dch v cung cp thc phm, t chc cung cp dch v lm sch v v sinh, dch v vn chuyn, bo qun v phn phi. Cc t chc khc lin quan gin tip bao gm, nhng khng gii hn , nh cung ng thit b, cht lm sch v v sinh, vt liu bao gi v cc vt liu khc tip xc vi thc phm. Tiu chun ny cho php t chc, nh t chc nh v/hoc t pht trin (v d nh trang tri nh, nh phn phi my ng gi nh, ngi bn l hoc i l dch v thc phm c nh), c th p dng s kt hp cc bin php kim sot t bn ngoi.
ch thch: Hng dn v vic p dng tiu chun ny c cho trong ISO/TS 22004.

2 Ti liu vin dn
Cc ti liu vin dn di y rt cn thit cho vic p dng tiu chun ny. i vi cc ti liu ghi nm ban hnh th p dng bn c nu. i vi cc ti liu khng ghi nm ban hnh th p dng bn mi nht, bao gm c cc sa i. TCVN ISO 9000 : 2000 (ISO 9000:2000), H thng qun l cht lng C s v t vng

3 Thut ng v nh ngha
Tiu chun ny p dng cc thut ng v nh ngha trong TCVN ISO 9000 cng vi cc thut ng v nh ngha di y. thun tin cho ngi s dng tiu chun ny, mt s nh ngha trong TCVN ISO 9000 c trch dn vi cc ch thch b sung ch p dng cho ng dng c th ny.
ch thch: Cc thut ng khng c nh ngha trong trng hp chng mang ngha thng thng trong t in. Khi mt thut ng c in m l ch ra s tham kho cho vi thut ng khc trong iu ny v s tham chiu ca thut ng c cho trong du ngoc n.

3.1 an ton thc phm (food safety) khi nim ch ra thc phm s khng gy nguy hi cho ngi tiu dng khi c ch bin v/hoc n theo ng mc ch s dng d kin
ch thch 1: Vin dn t [11]. ch thch 2: An ton thc phm lin quan n s c mt ca cc mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm (3.3) m khng bao gm cc kha cnh khc lin quan n sc kho con ngi, v d nh, thiu dinh dng.

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

3.2 chui thc phm (food chain) trnh t cc giai on v hot ng lin quan n sn xut, ch bin, phn phi, bo qun v s dng thc phm v thnh phn ca thc phm , t khu s ch n tiu dng
ch thch 1: iu ny bao gm c vic sn xut thc n cho gia sc dng lm thc n chn nui v cho gia sc s dng ch bin thc phm. ch thch 2: Chui thc phm bao gm c vic sn xut ra cc nguyn liu s tip xc vi thc phm hoc nguyn liu th.

3.3 mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm (food safety hazards) tc nhn sinh hc, ha hc hoc vt l trong thc phm, hoc tnh trng ca thc phm, c kh nng gy ra nh hng xu i vi sc kho
ch thch 1: Vin dn t [11]. ch thch 2: Khng c nhm thut ng mi nguy hi vi thut ng ri ro m, trong ng cnh an ton

thc phm, ri ro c ngha l hm xc sut ca nh hng bt li v sc kho (v d nh b bnh) v mc nghim trng ca nh hng (cht, phi nm bnh vin, khng lm vic c, v.v ) khi chu s tc ng bi mt mi nguy hi nht nh. Thut ng ri ro c nh ngha trong TCVN 6844:2001 (ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999) l kt hp ca kh nng xy ra tn hi v mc nghim trng ca tn hi . ch thch 3: Mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm bao gm c hin tng d ng. ch thch 4: i vi thc n v thnh phn thc n, mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm lin quan n nhng ri ro c th c trong v/hoc trn thc n v thnh phn thc n v c th truyn sang thc phm thng qua vic tiu th gia sc n thc n , do c th c kh nng gy ra nh hng xu n sc kho con ngi. Trong trng hp cc hot ng khng lin quan trc tip n thc n v thc phm (v d nh nh sn xut vt liu bao gi, i l lm sch, v.v ) th cc mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm lin quan l nhng mi nguy c th truyn trc tip hoc gin tip vo thc phm do mc ch s dng d kin ca sn phm v/hoc dch v c cung cp v do c th c kh nng gy nh hng xu n sc kho con ngi.

3.4 chnh sch an ton thc phm (food safety policy) mc tiu v nh hng tng th ca t chc lin quan n an ton thc phm (3.1) nh tuyn b chnh thc ca lnh o cao nht 3.5 sn phm cui (end product) sn phm m t chc khng phi ch bin hoc chuyn i g thm
ch thch: Sn phm chu s ch bin hoc chuyn i ca mt t chc khc l sn phm cui i vi t chc th nht v l nguyn liu th hoc thnh phn i vi t chc th hai.

3.6 lu dng chy (flow diagram) S th hin c h thng di dng biu trnh t v mi tng tc gia cc bc 3.7 bin php kim sot (control measure) hnh ng hoc hot ng (an ton thc phm) c th s dng ngn nga hoc loi tr mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm (3.3) hoc gim thiu n n mc chp nhn c
ch thch: Vin dn t [11].

3.8 chng trnh tin quyt (PRP) (prerequisite programme) iu kin v hot ng c bn (an ton thc phm) cn thit duy tr mi trng v sinh trong ton b chui thc phm (3.2) ph hp cho sn xut, s dng v cung cp sn phm cui (3.5) an ton v thc phm an ton cho ngi tiu dng
ch thch: Cc chng trnh tin quyt cn phi ph thuc vo phn on ca chui thc phm m t chc hot ng v loi hnh ca t chc (xem ph lc C). V d v cc thut ng tng ng l: Thc hnh nng nghip tt (GAP), Thc hnh th y tt (GVP), Thc hnh sn xut tt (GMP), Thc hnh v sinh tt (GHP), Thc hnh ch to tt (GPP), Thc hnh phn phi tt (GDP), Thc hnh thng mi tt (GTP).

3.9 chng trnh hot ng tin quyt (operational prerequisite programme) chng trnh tin quyt PRP (3.8) c xc nh bng vic s dng phn tch mi nguy hi nh yu t thit yu kim sot kh nng to ra mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm (3.3) cho sn phm v/hoc nhim bn hoc s gia tng cc mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm trong (cc) sn phm hoc trong mi trng ch bin 3.10 im kim sot ti hn (CCP) (critical control point) giai on (an ton thc phm) ti c th p dng vic kim sot v l giai on thit yu ngn nga hoc loi tr mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm (3.3) hoc gim nguy c ny n mc chp nhn c
ch thch: Vin dn t [11].

3.11 gii hn ti hn (critical limit) chun mc phn bit s c th v s khng th chp nhn c
ch thch: Vin dn t [11]. ch thch 2: Gii hn ti hn c thit lp xc nh xem im kim sot ti hn (3.10) cn kim sot c hay khng. Nu vt qu hoc vi phm gii hn ti hn th sn phm lin quan c coi l tim n s khng an ton.

11

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

3.12 theo di (monitoring) Vic thc hin theo trnh t cc quan st hoc o lng theo hoch nh nh gi xem bin php kim sot (3.7) c c thc hin nh d kin hay khng 3.13 khc phc (correction) hnh ng loi b s khng ph hp c pht hin [nh ngha 3.6.6, TCVN ISO 9000:2000]
ch thch 1: Vi mc ch ca tiu chun ny, khc phc lin quan n x l cc sn phm khng an ton tim n v do c th c thc hin cng vi hnh ng khc phc (3.14). ch thch 2: Khc phc c th l, v d nh, ti ch, ch bin thm, v/hoc loi tr hu qu c hi ca s khng ph hp (nh dng cho mc ch s dng khc hoc dn nhn ring).

3.14 hnh ng khc phc (correction action) hnh ng loi b nguyn nhn ca s khng ph hp c pht hin hoc tnh trng khng mong mun khc
ch thch 1: S khng ph hp c th do nhiu nguyn nhn.

[nh ngha 3.6.5, TCVN ISO 9000:2000]

ch thch 2: Hnh ng khc phc bao gm vic phn tch nguyn nhn v c thc hin ngn nga s ti din.

3.15 xc nhn gi tr s dng (validation) bng chng (an ton thc phm) thu c chng t rng bin php kim sot (3.7) c qun l bi k hoch HACCP v cc chng trnh hot ng tin quyt (3.9) l c kh nng mang li hiu lc
ch thch: nh ngha ny vin dn t [11] v ph hp i vi lnh vc an ton thc phm (3.1) hn l nh ngha nu trong TCVN ISO 9000.

3.16 kim tra xc nhn (verification) s khng nh, thng qua vic cung cp bng chng khch quan, rng cc yu cu qui nh c thc hin [nh ngha 3.8.4, TCVN ISO 9000:2000] 3.17 cp nht (updating) hnh ng ngay lp tc v/hoc theo k hoch m bo vic s dng thng tin mi nht

4 H thng qun l an ton thc phm

4.1 Yu cu chung
T chc phi thit lp, lp thnh vn bn, p dng v duy tr h thng qun l an ton thc phm c hiu lc v cp nht khi cn thit theo cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny. T chc phi xc nh phm vi p dng ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm. Phm vi ny phi qui nh sn phm hoc loi sn phm, cc qu trnh v a im sn xut c nh hng bi h thng qun l an ton thc phm. T chc phi a) m bo rng mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm c th d on xy ra vi sn phm nm trong phm vi ca h thng c nhn bit, nh gi v kim sot sao cho sn phm ca t chc khng trc tip hoc gin tip gy hi cho ngi tiu dng, b) trao i thng tin thch hp trong ton b chui thc phm v cc vn an ton lin quan n sn phm ca t chc, c) trao i thng tin lin quan n vic pht trin, thc thi v cp nht h thng qun l an ton thc phm trong ton b t chc, phm vi cn thit m bo an ton thc phm theo yu cu ca tiu chun ny, v d) nh gi nh k, v cp nht khi cn, h thng qun l an ton thc phm m bo rng h thng phn nh cc hot ng ca t chc v c thng tin mi nht v mi nguy hi lin quan n an ton thc phm chu s kim sot. Trong trng hp t chc s dng ngun lc bn ngoi i vi mt qu trnh no c th nh hng n s ph hp ca sn phm cui, t chc phi m bo kim sot c qu trnh . Vic kim sot cc qu trnh c chp nhn ny phi c nhn bit v lp thnh vn bn trong h thng qun l an ton thc phm.

4.2 Yu cu v h thng ti liu

4.2.1 Yu cu chung Ti liu ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm phi bao gm: a) cng b bng vn bn v chnh sch an ton thc phm v cc mc tiu lin quan (xem 5.2), b) cc qui trnh v h s bng vn bn theo yu cu ca tiu chun ny, v c) cc ti liu cn thit cho t chc m bo vic xy dng, p dng v cp nht mt cch c hiu lc h thng qun l an ton thc phm. 4.2.2 Kim sot ti liu

13

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

Cc ti liu cn thit cho h thng qun l an ton thc phm phi c kim sot. H s l mt loi ti liu c bit v phi c kim sot theo cc yu cu nu trong 4.2.3. Vic kim sot phi m bo rng mi thay i d kin c xem xt trc khi thc thi xc nh cc nh hng ca chng n an ton thc phm v tc ng ca chng n h thng qun l an ton thc phm. Phi lp mt th tc dng vn bn xc nh hot ng kim sot cn thit nhm a) ph chun tnh thch hp ca ti liu trc khi ban hnh, b) xem xt v cp nht ti liu khi cn v ph chun li cc ti liu, c) m bo rng cc thay i v tnh trng xem xt hin ti ca ti liu c nhn bit, d) m bo rng cc phin bn lin quan ca ti liu p dng c sn ti ni s dng, e) m bo rng ti liu r rng v d nhn bit, f) m bo rng cc ti liu lin quan c ngun gc bn ngoi c nhn bit v vic phn phi cc ti liu ny c kim sot, v g) ngn nga vic s dng ngoi d kin cc ti liu li thi v m bo rng ti liu c nhn bit thch hp theo ng mc ch lu gi. 4.2.3 Kim sot h s H s phi c thit lp v duy tr cung cp bng chng v s ph hp vi cc yu cu v bng chng v hiu lc hot ng ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm. H s phi r rng, d nhn bit v c kh nng phc hi. Phi thit lp mt th tc dng vn bn xc nh cc hot ng kim sot cn thit cho vic nhn bit, bo qun, bo v, phc hi, thi gian v cch thc lu gi h s.

5 Trch nhim ca lnh o

5.1 Cam kt ca lnh o
Lnh o cao nht phi cung cp bng chng v cam kt xy dng v p dng h thng qun l an ton thc phm v ci tin lin tc hiu lc ca h thng bng cch a) chng t vn an ton thc phm c h tr bi cc mc tiu kinh doanh ca t chc, b) truyn t ton b t chc bit v tm quan trng ca vic tha mn cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny, cc yu cu v lut nh v ch nh cng nh cc yu cu ca khch hng lin quan n an ton thc phm, c) thit lp chnh sch an ton thc phm, d) tin hnh cc xem xt ca lnh o, v

e) m bo tnh sn c ca cc ngun lc.

5.2 Chnh sch an ton thc phm

Lnh o cao nht phi xc nh, lp thnh vn bn v thng bo chnh sch an ton thc phm ca mnh. Lnh o cao nht phi m bo rng chnh sch an ton thc phm a) thch hp vi vai tr ca t chc trong chui thc phm, b) ph hp vi cc yu cu lut nh v ch nh cng nh ph hp vi cc yu cu v an ton thc phm tha thun vi khch hng, c) c truyn t, p dng v duy tr mi cp ca t chc, d) c xem xt lin tc v tnh thch hp (xem 5.8), e) trao i thng tin thch hp (xem 5.6), v f) c h tr bi cc mc tiu o lng c.

5.3 Hoch nh h thng qun l an ton thc phm

Lnh o cao nht phi m bo rng a) vic hoch nh cho h thng qun l an ton thc phm c tin hnh tha mn cc yu cu trong 4.1 cng nh cc mc tiu ca t chc nhm vo an ton thc phm, v b) tnh nht qun ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm vn c duy tr khi cc thay i i vi h thng qun l an ton thc phm c hoch nh v thc hin.

5.4 Trch nhim v quyn hn

Lnh o cao nht phi xc nh v thng bo trong t chc v trch nhim v quyn hn nhm m bo vic hot ng v duy tr hiu lc ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm. Mi c nhn phi c trch nhim bo co cc vn v h thng qun l an ton thc phm cho (nhng) ngi c ch nh. Ngi c ch nh phi c trch nhim v quyn hn nht nh i vi vic trin khai v lp h s v cc hot ng .

5.5 Trng nhm an ton thc phm

Lnh o cao nht phi ch nh trng nhm an ton thc phm, ngi m ngoi cc trch nhim khc s phi c trch nhim v quyn hn sau a) qun l nhm an ton thc phm (xem 7.3.2) v t chc hot ng ca nhm, b) m bo vic o to v gio dc lin quan ca cc thnh vin trong nhm an ton thc phm (xem 6.2.1), 15

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

c) m bo rng h thng qun l an ton thc phm c thit lp, p dng, duy tr v cp nht, v d) bo co cho lnh o cao nht ca t chc v hiu lc v s ph hp ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm.
ch thch: Trch nhim ca trng nhm an ton thc phm c th bao gm c vic lin h vi cc bn ngoi t chc v cc vn lin quan n h thng qun l an ton thc phm.

5.6 Trao i thng tin

5.6.1 Trao i thng tin vi bn ngoi Nhm m bo sn c y thng tin v cc vn lin quan n an ton thc phm trong ton b chui thc phm, t chc phi thit lp, p dng v duy tr cc cch thc hiu qu trao i thng tin vi a) nh cung ng v nh thu, b) khch hng hoc ngi tiu dng, c bit l thng tin v sn phm (bao gm cc ch dn lin quan n mc ch s dng d kin, yu cu bo qun c th v, nu thch hp, thi hn s dng), cc yu cu, hp ng hoc n hng bao gm c cc sa i v thng tin phn hi ca khch hng k c khiu ni ca khc hng, c) c quan lut php v ch nh, v d) cc t chc khc c tc ng n, hoc s b nh hng bi, tnh hiu lc hoc vic cp nht ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm. Vic trao i ny phi cung cp thng tin v vn an ton thc phm i vi sn phm ca t chc m c th lin quan n cc t chc khc trong chui thc phm. Vic ny c p dng c bit cho cc mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm bit cn c kim sot bi cc t chc khc trong chui thc phm. H s v vic trao i thng tin phi c duy tr. Phi lun m bo c sn v y cc yu cu v an ton thc phm ca cc c quan lut php v ch nh cng nh yu cu ca khch hng. Ngi c ch nh phi c trch nhim v quyn hn xc nh trong vic trao i bt k thng tin no lin quan n an ton thc phm vi bn ngoi. Thng tin thu c qua vic trao i thng tin vi bn ngoi phi l u vo cp nht h thng (xem 8.5.2) v xem xt ca lnh o (xem 5.8.2). 5.6.2 Trao i thng tin ni b T chc phi thit lp, p dng v duy tr cc cch thc hiu qu trao i thng tin vi cc thnh vin v cc vn c nh hng n an ton thc phm.

Nhm duy tr tnh hiu lc ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm, t chc phi m bo rng nhm an ton thc phm c thng bo mt cch kp thi cc thay i, bao gm nhng khng gii hn cc yu t sau y: a) sn phm hoc sn phm mi; b) nguyn liu th, thnh phn v dch v; c) h thng v thit b sn xut; d) c ngi sn xut, v tr t thit b, mi trng xung quanh; e) chng trnh lm sch v v sinh; f) h thng bao gi, bo qun v phn phi;

g) trnh nng lc ca con ngi v/hoc s phn b trch nhim v quyn hn; h) cc yu cu lut nh v ch nh; i) j) hiu bit v cc mi nguy hi lin quan n an ton thc phm v cc bin php kim sot; cc yu cu ca khch hng, ngnh v cc yu cu khc m t chc theo di;

k) cc yu cu lin quan ca cc bn quan tm bn ngoi; l) cc khiu ni ch ra mi nguy v an ton thc phm i lin vi sn phm;

m) cc iu kin khc c nh hng n an ton thc phm. Nhm an ton thc phm phi m bo rng thng tin ny c bao gm trong bn cp nht ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm (xem 8.5.2). Lnh o cao nht phi m bo rng thng tin lin quan c tnh n lm u vo cho xem xt ca lnh o (xem 5.8.2).

5.7 Chun b sn sng v gii quyt tnh hung khn cp

Lnh o cao nht phi thit lp, p dng v duy tr cc th tc/qui trnh qun l cc tnh hung khn cp v s c c th nh hng n an ton thc phm m chng lin quan n vai tr ca t chc trong chui thc phm.

5.8 Xem xt ca lnh o

5.8.1 Qui nh chung Lnh o cao nht phi xem xt h thng qun l an ton thc phm ca t chc cc giai on c hoch nh m bo s ph hp, thch ng v tnh hiu lc c duy tr lin tc. Xem xt ny phi bao gm vic nh gi cc c hi ci tin v nhu cu thay i h thng qun l an ton thc phm, bao gm c chnh sch v an ton thc phm. H s v cc xem xt ca lnh o phi c duy tr (xem 4.2.3).

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TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

5.8.2 u vo xem xt u vo cho vic xem xt ca lnh o phi bao gm, nhng khng gii hn , thng tin v a) hnh ng thc hin t hot ng xem xt ca lnh o trc , b) phn tch kt qu ca cc hot ng kim tra xc nhn (xem 8.4.3); c) cc trng hp thay i c th nh hng n an ton thc phm (xem 5.6.2); d) tnh hung khn cp, ri ro (xem 5.7) v thu hi (xem 7.10.4); e) kt qu xem xt ca cc hot ng cp nht h thng (xem 8.5.2); f) xem xt hot ng trao i thng tin, bao gm c thng tin phn hi ca khch hng (xem 5.6.1), v g) nh gi hoc kim tra ca bn ngoi.
ch thch: Thut ng thu hi bao gm c hu b.

D liu phi c trnh by sao cho lnh o cao nht c th lin h thng tin vi cc mc tiu t ra ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm. 5.8.3 u ra ca hot ng xem xt u ra t hot ng xem xt ca lnh o phi bao gm cc quyt nh v hnh ng lin quan n a) s m bo v an ton thc phm (xem 4.1); b) vic ci tin tnh hiu lc ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm (xem 8.5); c) nhu cu v ngun lc (xem 6.1), v d) cc xem xt v chnh sch an ton thc phm ca t chc v cc mc tiu lin quan (xem 5.2).

6 Qun l ngun lc
6.1 Cung cp ngun lc
T chc phi cung cp y ngun lc cho vic thit lp, p dng, duy tr v cp nht h thng qun l an ton thc phm.

6.2 Ngun nhn lc

6.2.1 Qui nh chung Nhm an ton thc phm v cc c nhn khc tin hnh cc hot ng c nh hng n an ton thc phm phi l ngi c nng lc v phi c kin thc, c o to, c k nng v kinh nghim thch hp.

Trong trng hp cn c s h tr ca chuyn gia bn ngoi xy dng, p dng, vn hnh hoc nh gi h thng qun l an ton thc phm, phi c sn h s v tha thun hoc hp ng xc nh trch nhim v quyn hn ca chuyn gia bn ngoi. 6.2.2 Nng lc, nhn thc v o to T chc phi a) xc nh cc nng lc cn thit i vi cc c nhn m hot ng ca h c nh hng n an ton thc phm, b) c) t chc o to hoc thc hin hot ng khc nhm m bo cc c nhn c nng lc cn thit; m bo rng cc c nhn chu trch nhim i vi vic theo di, khc phc v hnh ng khc phc ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm u c o to; d) e) nh gi vic p dng v tnh hiu lc ca a), b) v c); m bo rng cc c nhn nhn thc c s lin quan v tm quan trng ca cc hot ng ring l ca c nhn trong vic ng gp vo an ton thc phm; f) m bo rng yu cu i vi trao i thng tin hiu qu (xem 5.6) c mi c nhn c nh hng n an ton thc phm hiu r; g) duy tr cc h s tng ng v o to v cc hot ng m t b) v c).

6.3 C s h tng
T chc phi cung cp ngun lc cho vic thit lp v duy tr c s h tng cn thit thc hin cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny.

6.4 Mi trng lm vic

T chc phi cung cp ngun lc cho vic thit lp, qun l v duy tr mi trng lm vic cn thit thc hin cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny.

7 Hoch nh v to sn phm an ton

7.1 Qui nh chung
T chc phi hoch nh v xy dng cc qu trnh cn thit to sn phm an ton. T chc phi p dng, vn hnh v m bo tnh hiu lc ca cc hot ng c hoch nh v cc thay i bt k ca cc hot ng . iu ny bao gm c (cc) chng trnh tin quyt cng nh (cc) chng trnh hot ng tin quyt v/hoc k hoch HACCP.

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TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007 7.2 Cc chng trnh tin quyt (PRPs)
7.2.1 T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr (cc) chng trnh tin quyt h tr vic kim sot a) kh nng to mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm cho sn phm thng qua mi trng lm vic, b) nhim sinh hc, ha hc v vt l ca (cc) sn phm, bao gm c nhim cho gia cc sn phm, v c) mc ca mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm trong sn phm v mi trng ch bin sn phm. 7.2.2 (Cc) chng trnh tin quyt phi a) thch hp vi nhu cu ca t chc v mt an ton thc phm, b) thch hp vi qui m v loi hnh hot ng cng nh tnh cht ca sn phm c sn xut v/hoc s dng, c) c p dng trn ton b h thng sn xut, lm chng trnh p dng chung hoc lm chng trnh p dng cho mt sn phm hoc dy chuyn hot ng c th, v d) c nhm an ton thc phm ph duyt. T chc phi xc nh cc yu cu lut nh v ch nh lin quan n vn nu trn. 7.2.3 Khi la chn v/hoc thit lp (cc) chng trnh tin quyt, t chc phi xem xt v vn dng

thch hp cc thng tin (v d nh cc yu cu lut nh v ch nh, yu cu ca khch hng, hng dn nhn bit, cc nguyn tc v qui phm thc hnh ca U ban thc phm Codex, cc tiu chun quc gia, quc t hoc tiu chun c s).
ch thch: Ph lc C cung cp danh mc cc tiu chun Codex c lin quan.

Khi thit lp cc chng trnh ny t chc phi xem xt cc yu t di y: a) kt cu v b cc ca ta nh v cc tin ch i km; b) cch b tr ca c ngi, bao gm c khng gian lm vic v cc tin nghi cho ngi lao ng; c) cc ngun cung cp khng kh, nc, nng lng v cc vt dng khc; d) dch v h tr, bao gm c x l rc thi v nc thi; e) tnh thch hp ca thit b v kh nng tip cn thit b lm sch, bo dng v bo dng phng nga; f) qun l nguyn vt liu c mua (v d nh nguyn liu th, thnh phn, cht ha hc v bao b), cc ngun cung cp (v d nh nc, khng kh, hi v nc ), h thng x l (v d nh rc thi v nc thi) v x l sn phm (v d nh lu kho v vn chuyn); g) cc bin php ngn nga nhim cho;

h) lm sch v v sinh; i) j) kim sot sinh vt gy hi; v sinh c nhn;

k) cc kha cnh thch hp khc. Vic kim tra xc nhn (cc) chng trnh tin quyt phi c hoch nh (xem 7.8) v (cc) chng trnh tin quyt phi c sa i khi cn (xem 7.7). H s v cc ln kim tra xc nhn v sa i phi c duy tr. H thng ti liu cn qui nh cch qun l cc hot ng nm trong (cc) chng trnh tin quyt.

7.3 Cc bc ban u phn tch mi nguy hi

7.3.1 Qui nh chung Tt c cc thng tin lin quan cn thit tin hnh vic phn tch ri ro phi c thu thp, duy tr, cp nht v lp thnh vn bn. H s phi c duy tr. 7.3.2 Nhm an ton thc phm Nhm an ton thc phm phi c ch nh. Nhm an ton thc phm phi c kin thc a ngnh v c kinh nghim trong vic xy dng v p dng h thng qun l an ton thc phm. iu ny bao gm, nhng khng nht thit gii hn , cc sn phm, qu trnh, thit b v cc mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm ca t chc nm trong phm vi ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm. H s phi c duy tr chng t rng nhm an ton thc phm c kin thc v kinh nghim cn thit (xem 6.2.2). 7.3.3 c tnh ca sn phm 7.3.3.1 Nguyn liu th, thnh phn v vt liu tip xc vi sn phm Tt c cc nguyn liu th, thnh phn v vt liu tip xc vi sn phm phi c m t trong h thng ti liu phm vi cn thit tin hnh vic phn tch mi nguy hi (xem 7.4), bao gm cc kha cnh sau y, khi thch hp: a) c tnh sinh hc, ha hc v vt l; b) kt cu ca cc thnh phn, bao gm c cc cht ph gia v cht ch bin; c) xut x; d) phng php sn xut; e) phng php ng gi v phn phi; 21

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

f) iu kin bo qun v hn s dng;

g) chun b v/hoc x l trc khi s dng hoc ch bin; h) cc tiu ch chp nhn hoc qui nh lin quan n an ton thc phm ca nguyn liu v cc thnh phn c mua ph hp vi mc ch s dng d kin. T chc phi xc nh cc yu cu ch nh v lut nh v an ton thc phm i vi cc vn trn. Cc m t phi c cp nht, khi c yu cu, v ph hp vi 7.7. 7.3.3.2 c tnh ca sn phm cui c tnh ca sn phm cui phi c m t trong h thng ti liu phm vi cn thit tin hnh vic phn tch mi nguy hi (xem 7.4), bao gm c thng tin v cc kha cnh sau y, khi thch hp: a) tn sn phm hoc nhn dng tng t; b) thnh phn cu to; c) c tnh sinh hc, ha hc v vt l lin quan n an ton thc phm; d) hn s dng d kin v iu kin bo qun; e) bao gi; f) ghi nhn lin quan n an ton thc phm v/hoc hng dn x l, chun b v s dng;

g) (cc) phng php phn phi. T chc phi xc nh cc yu cu ch nh v lut nh v an ton thc phm i vi cc vn trn. Cc m t phi c cp nht, khi c yu cu, v ph hp vi 7.7. 7.3.4 mc ch s dng d kin Vic s dng d kin, vic x l hp l sn phm cui v mi vic x l v s dng sai ngoi d kin nhng vn hp l phi c xem xt v m t trong h thng ti liu mc cn thit tin hnh vic phn tch mi nguy hi (xem 7.4). Nhm ngi s dng, v khi thch hp, nhm ngi tiu dng phi c xc nh cho tng sn phm v c bit phi lu n nhm ngi tiu dng c xc nh l d b tn thng do cc mi nguy v an ton thc phm. Cc m t phi c cp nht, khi c yu cu, v ph hp vi 7.7. 7.3.5 Lu , cc bc ca qu trnh v bin php kim sot 7.3.5.1 Lu

Phi lp lu cho cc loi sn phm hoc qu trnh thuc phm vi ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm. Lu phi cung cp c s nh gi kh nng xut hin, gia tng hoc pht sinh mi nguy hi v an ton thc phm. Lu phi r rng, chnh xc v chi tit. Lu phi, khi thch hp, bao gm cc ni dung sau y: a) trnh t v mi tng tc ca tt c cc bc hot ng; b) cc qu trnh c bn ngoi thc hin v cng vic thu ph bt k; c) ni m nguyn liu th, nguyn liu thnh phn v sn phm trung gian c a vo dy chuyn sn xut; d) ni lm li v ti ch; e) giai on m sn phm cui, sn phm trung gian, sn phm ph v rc thi c a vo s dng hoc loi b. Theo 7.8, nhm an ton thc phm phi xc nhn chnh xc ca lu bng cch kim tra ti hin trng. Lu kim tra xc nhn phi c lu vo h s. 7.3.5.2 M t cc bc ca qu trnh v bin php kim sot Cc bin php kim sot hin hnh, thng s qu trnh v/hoc mc nghim ngt c p dng, hoc cc th tc/qui trnh c th nh hng n an ton thc phm phi c m t phm vi cn thit tin hnh vic phn tch mi nguy hi (xem 7.4). Cc yu cu t bn ngoi (v d nh t cc c quan c thm quyn hoc khch hng) c th tc ng n vic la chn v tnh nghim ngt ca cc bin php kim sot cng phi c m t. M t phi c cp nht theo 7.7.

7.4 Phn tch mi nguy hi

7.4.1 Quy nh chung Nhm an ton thc phm phi tin hnh vic phn tch mi nguy hi xc nh nhng mi nguy no cn c kim sot, mc kim sot yu cu m bo an ton thc phm, v cn c t hp cc bin php kim sot. 7.4.2 Nhn bit mi nguy hi v xc nh mc chp nhn c 7.4.2.1 Phi xc nh v lp h s tt c cc mi nguy v an ton thc phm c th xy ra mc chp nhn c i vi loi sn phm, kiu qu trnh v cc phng tin x l thc t. Vic xc nh ny phi da trn

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TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

a) thng tin v d liu ban u thu thp theo 7.3, b) kinh nghim, c) thng tin t bn ngoi bao gm d liu dch t hc v d liu lch s khc, trong phm vi c th, v d) thng tin t chui thc phm v cc mi nguy hi an ton thc phm c th lin quan n an ton ca sn phm cui cng, sn phm trung gian v thc phm tiu dng. (Cc) bc (t nguyn liu th, ch bin v phn phi) ti c th c mi nguy v an ton thc phm phi c c ch r. 7.4.2.2 Khi nhn bit mi nguy hi, phi tnh n

a) cc bc trc v sau hot ng quy nh, b) thit b x l, cc tin ch/dch v v mi trng xung quanh, v c) cc mi lin kt trc v sau trong chui thc phm. 7.4.2.3 Khi c th phi xc nh mc chp nhn v mi nguy an ton thc phm trong sn phm cui i vi tng mi nguy v an ton thc phm c xc nh. Mc xc nh c phi tnh n cc yu cu lut php v ch nh c thit lp, yu cu v an ton thc phm ca khch hng, mc ch s dng d kin i vi khch hng v cc d liu lin quan khc. Phi lp h s qu trnh phn tch v kt qu ca quyt nh . 7.4.3 nh gi mi nguy hi Phi thc hin vic nh gi mi nguy hi xc nh i vi mi mi nguy v an ton thc phm c nhn bit (xem 7.4.2), xem vic loi tr hay gim bt mi nguy ti mc chp nhn c c cn thit sn xut thc phm an ton hay khng v liu c cn kim sot mi nguy xc nh cc mc chp nhn cn p ng hay khng. Tng mi nguy v an ton thc phm phi c nh gi theo mc nghim trng ca nh hng c hi ti sc kho v kh nng xy ra. Phi m t phng php s dng v lp h s kt qu ca vic nh gi mi nguy v an ton thc phm. 7.4.4 La chn v nh gi bin php kim sot Da trn vic nh gi mi nguy hi ca 7.4.3, phi la chn t hp thch hp cc bin php kim sot c kh nng ngn nga, loi tr hoc lm gim cc mi nguy v an ton thc phm ny xc nh mc chp nhn c. Vi la chn ny, phi xem xt tnh hiu qu ca tng bin php kim sot c m t 7.3.5.2 theo cc mi nguy an ton thc phm c xc nh.

Phi phn loi cc bin php kim sot c chn xem chng c cn c qun l thng qua (cc) chng trnh tin quyt hoc k hoch HACCP hay khng. Phi tin hnh la chn v phn loi bng cch s dng phng php logic bao gm cc nh gi v cc kha cnh sau y: a) nh hng ca n n cc mi nguy v an ton thc phm c nhn bit so vi mc p dng; b) tnh kh thi i vi vic theo di (v d: kh nng theo di cho php cc hnh ng khc phc ngay); c) v tr trong h thng so vi cc bin php kim sot khc, v d) kh nng sai li trong vic thc hin bin php kim sot hay s thay i ng k trong x l; e) mc nghim trng ca (cc) hu qu trong trng hp sai li khi thc hin; f) liu bin php kim sot c thit lp v p dng c bit c loi tr hay lm gim ng k mc ca (cc) mi nguy hay khng; g) hiu qu tng hp (ngha l mi tng tc gia hai hay nhiu bin php cho hiu qu tng hp cao hn hiu qu ca tng bin php cng li) Cc bin php kim sot c phn loi thuc k hoch HACCP phi c thc hin theo 7.6. Cc bin php kim sot khc phi c thc hin nh chng trnh hot ng tin quyt theo 7.5. Phi m t trong ti liu phng thc v cc thng s s dng cho vic phn loi ny v phi lp h s cc kt qu nh gi. 7.5 Thit lp cc chng trnh hot ng tin quyt (PRPs) Phi lp thnh vn bn cc chng trnh hot ng tin quyt v mi chng trnh phi c cc thng tin sau: a) (cc) mi nguy v an ton thc phm m chng trnh kim sot (xem 7.4.4); b) (cc) bin php kim sot (xem 7.4.4); c) cc quy trnh theo di chng t rng cc chng trnh tin quyt (PRPs) c thc hin; d) khc phc v hnh ng khc phc cn thc hin nu vic theo di cho thy l chng trnh hot ng tin quyt khng c kim sot (xem 7.10.1 v 7.10.2, tng ng); e) trch nhim v quyn hn; f) (cc) h s theo di.

7.6 Thit lp k hoch HACCP 7.6.1 K hoch HACCP

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TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

Phi lp thnh vn bn k hoch HACCP v phi c cc thng tin sau cho tng im kim sot ti hn (CCP) c nhn bit: a) (cc) mi nguy v an ton thc phm cn kim sot ti CCP (xem 7.4.4); b) (cc) bin php kim sot (xem 7.4.4); c) (cc) gii hn ti hn (xem mc 7.6.3); d) (cc) th tc/quy trnh theo di (xem 7.6.4); e) khc phc v cc hnh ng khc phc cn tin hnh nu vt qu cc gii hn ti hn (xem 7.6.5); f) trch nhim v quyn hn;

g) (cc) h s theo di. 7.6.2 Nhn bit cc im kim sot ti hn (CCPs) i vi mi mi nguy cn c kim sot bi k hoch HACCP, phi nhn bit (cc) CCP xc nh bin php kim sot (xem 7.4.4). 7.6.3 Xc nh gii hn ti hn cho cc im kim sot ti hn Phi xc nh cc gii hn ti hn cho hot ng theo di c thit lp i vi tng CCP. Phi thit lp cc gii hn ti hn m bo khng vt qu mc chp nhn xc nh v mi nguy an ton ca sn phm cui (xem 7.4.2). Cc gii hn ti hn phi o lng c. Phi lp ti liu thuyt minh cho cc gii hn ti hn c chn. Cc gii hn ti hn da trn c s d liu ch quan (nh kim tra bng mt sn phm, qu trnh vn dng, v.v ) phi c h tr bi cc hng dn hoc quy nh k thut v/hoc gio dc v o to. 7.6.4 H thng theo di im kim sot ti hn Vi mi CCP phi thit lp mt h thng theo di chng t rng CCP c kim sot. H thng theo di phi bao gm tt c cc php o v gim st theo k hoch lin quan n (cc) gii hn ti hn. H thng theo di phi bao gm cc quy trnh, hng dn v h s c lin quan v: a) cc php o hoc gim st cung cp kt qu trong mt khong thi gian thch hp; b) thit b theo di c s dng; c) cc phng php hiu chun thch hp (xem 8.3); d) tn sut theo di;

e) trch nhim v quyn hn lin quan ti vic theo di v nh gi kt qu theo di; f) cc yu cu v phng php ca h s.

Cc phng php v tn sut theo di phi cho php xc nh kp thi im gii hn ti hn b vt qu cch ly sn phm trc khi sn phm c s dng hoc tiu dng. 7.6.5 Hnh ng khi kt qu theo di vt qu gii hn ti hn Vic khc phc v hnh ng khc phc cn tin hnh theo k hoch khi kt qu theo di vt qu gii hn ti hn phi c qui nh trong k hoch HACCP. Cc hnh ng ny phi m bo nhn bit c nguyn nhn s khng ph hp, (cc) thng s kim sot ti CCP tr li trng thi kim sot v ngn nga c vic ti din (xem 7.10.2). Phi thit lp v duy tr cc th tc dng vn bn x l hp l cc sn phm khng an ton tim n nhm m bo chng khng c a ra s dng trc khi nh gi (xem 7.10.3). 7.7 Cp nht thng tin v ti liu ban u quy nh cc chng trnh tin quyt PRPs v k

hoch HACCP Sau khi thit lp (cc) chng trnh hot ng tin quyt (xem 7.5) v/hoc k hoch HACCP (xem 7.6), t chc phi cp nht cc thng tin sau nu cn: a) c tnh ca sn phm (xem 7.3.3); b) mc ch s dng d kin (xem 7.3.4); c) lu qu trnh sn xut (xem 7.3.5.1); d) cc bc x l (xem 7.3.5.2); e) cc bin php kim sot (xem 7.3.5.2). Nu cn, phi sa i k hoch HACCP (xem 7.6.1), cc quy trnh v hng dn quy nh chng trnh tin quyt (PRPs) (xem 7.2).

7.8 K hoch kim tra xc nhn

K hoch kim tra xc nhn phi xc nh mc ch, phng php, tn sut v trch nhim i vi hot ng kim tra. Hot ng kim tra xc nhn phi khng nh rng a) (cc) chng trnh tin quyt c thc hin (xem 7.2), b) u vo cho phn tch mi nguy hi c cp nht lin tc (xem 7.3), c) (cc) chng trnh hot ng tin quyt PRPs (xem 7.5) v cc yu t trong k hoch HACCP (xem 7.6.1) c thc hin v c hiu lc, d) mc ca mi nguy nm trong gii hn chp nhn xc nh (xem 7.4.2), v

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TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

e) cc quy trnh khc m t chc yu cu u c thc hin v c hiu lc. u ra ca hoch nh ny phi c dng ph hp vi phng php hot ng ca t chc. Kt qu kim tra xc nhn phi c lp h s v phi c thng bo cho nhm an ton thc phm. Kt qu kim tra xc nhn phi c cung cp c th phn tch kt qu ca cc hot ng kim tra xc nhn (xem 8.4.3). Nu vic kim tra xc nhn h thng c da trn th nghim mu sn phm cui, v trong trng hp mu th nghim chng t khng ph hp vi mc chp nhn v mi nguy an ton thc phm (xem 7.4.2), th cc l sn phm chu nh hng phi c x l nh sn phm khng an ton tim n theo 7.10.3.

7.9 H thng xc nh ngun gc

T chc phi thit lp v p dng h thng xc nh ngun gc cho php nhn bit cc l sn phm v mi lin quan vi h s l nguyn liu th, qu trnh x l v phn phi. H thng xc nh ngun gc phi c kh nng nhn bit nguyn liu u vo t nh cung ng trc tip v tuyn phn phi ban u ca sn phm cui. Phi duy tr h s xc nh ngun gc trong thi gian xc nh nh gi h thng cho php x l sn phm khng an ton tim n v trong trng hp thu hi sn phm. H s phi ph hp vi yu cu ca quy nh v lut nh, yu cu ca khch hng v, v d, c th da trn c tnh ca l sn phm cui.

7.10 Kim sot s khng ph hp

7.10.1 Khc phc T chc phi m bo rng, khi gii hn ti hn i vi (cc) CCP b vt qu (xem 7.6.5) hoc c hin tng mt kim sot (cc) chng trnh hot ng tin quyt th vn nhn bit v kim sot c vic s dng v lu thng cc sn phm chu tc ng. Phi thit lp v duy tr th tc dng vn bn xc nh a) vic nhn bit v nh gi cc sn phm chu tc ng quyt nh bin php x l thch hp (xem 7.10.3) v b) tin hnh theo di vic khc phc. Cc sn phm c sn xut trong iu kin vt qu mc gii hn ti hn l cc sn phm khng an ton tim n v phi c x l theo 7.10.3. Cc sn phm c sn xut trong iu kin khng ph hp vi (cc) chng trnh hot ng tin quyt phi c nh gi theo (cc) nguyn nhn ca s khng ph hp v hu qu t nh hng ti an ton thc phm v, trong trng hp cn thit phi x l theo 7.10.3. Phi lp h s vic nh gi ny.

Tt c vic khc phc phi c (nhng) ngi c trch nhim ph duyt v phi lp h s cng vi cc thng tin v tnh cht ca s khng ph hp, (cc) nguyn nhn v hu qu, bao gm thng tin cn thit xc nh ngun gc l sn phm khng ph hp. 7.10.2 Hnh ng khc phc D liu c rt ra t vic theo di chng trnh hot ng tin quyt v CCP phi c nh gi bi (nhng) ngi c ch nh c kin thc (xem 6.2) v thm quyn (xem 5.4) thch hp bt u hnh ng khc phc. Phi bt u hnh ng khc phc khi gii hn ti hn b vt qua (xem 7.6.5) hoc khi c s khng ph hp vi chng trnh hot ng tin quyt. T chc phi thit lp v duy tr cc th tc dng vn bn quy nh cc hnh ng ph hp nhn bit v loi tr nguyn nhn gy ra s khng ph hp c pht hin, ngn chn vic ti din, v kim sot li qu trnh hoc h thng sau khi gp phi s khng ph hp. Cc hnh ng ny bao gm a) xem xt s khng ph hp (bao gm c khiu ni ca khch hng), b) xem xt cc chiu hng trong kt qu theo di c th ch ra s pht trin theo hng mt kim sot, c) xc nh (cc) nguyn nhn khng ph hp, d) nh gi s cn thit ca hnh ng m bo khng ti din s khng ph hp, e) xc nh v tin hnh cc hnh ng cn thit, f) lp h s kt qu cc hnh ng khc phc thc hin, v

g) xem xt cc hnh ng khc phc thc hin m bo tnh hiu lc. Phi lp h s cho cc hnh ng khc phc. 7.10.3 X l sn phm khng an ton tim n 7.10.3.1 Quy nh chung T chc phi x l cc sn phm khng ph hp bng cch tin hnh (cc) hnh ng nhm ngn nga vic a sn phm khng ph hp vo dy chuyn sn xut, kinh doanh thc phm tr trng hp c th m bo rng a) (cc) mi nguy v an ton thc phm c lin quan c gim ti mc chp nhn xc nh, b) (cc) mi nguy v an ton thc phm c lin quan s c gim ti mc chp nhn xc nh (xem 7.4.2) trc khi c a vo chui thc phm, hoc c) sn phm vn t (cc) gii hn chp nhn xc nh v (cc) mi nguy an ton thc phm c lin quan d khng ph hp. 29

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

T chc phi duy tr kim sot tt c cc l sn phm c th chu nh hng ca tnh trng khng ph hp (c du hiu khng ph hp) ti khi chng c nh gi. Nu cc sn phm qua kim sot ca t chc c xc nh l khng an ton th t chc phi thng bo cho cc bn quan tm c lin quan v bt u thu hi sn phm (xem 7.10.4).
Ch thch: Thut ng thu hi bao gm hu b.

Vic kim sot v cc p ng c lin quan i vi vic x l cc sn phm khng an ton tim n phi c lp thnh vn bn. 7.10.3.2 nh gi thng qua Mi l sn phm chu nh hng ca s khng ph hp ch c thng qua l an ton khi p dng bt k trong s cc iu kin sau: a) bng chng khc ngoi cc chng minh ca h thng theo di rng cc bin php kim sot c hiu lc; b) bng chng ch ra rng hiu qu kt hp ca cc bin php kim sot cho tng sn phm c th tun th tnh nng d kin (ngha l: mc chp nhn xc nh c nhn bit theo 7.4.2); c) kt qu ly mu, phn tch v/hoc cc hnh ng kim tra xc nhn khc chng t rng l sn phm chu nh hng tun th mc chp nhn xc nh i vi (cc) mi nguy v an ton thc phm lin quan. 7.10.3.3 X l sn phm khng ph hp Tip theo vic nh gi, nu l sn phm khng c chp nhn thng qua th phi x l theo mt trong cc cch sau: a) ti ch hoc ch bin thm trong hoc ngoi t chc m bo rng mi nguy v an ton thc phm c loi tr hoc gim ti mc chp nhn c; b) hu v/hoc x l lm rc. 7.10.4 Thu hi c th thc hin v to iu kin thun li cho vic thu hi kp thi v trit cc l sn phm cui xc nh l khng an ton a) lnh o cao nht phi ch nh c nhn c thm quyn bt u vic thu hi sn phm v c nhn c trch nhim thc hin vic thu hi sn phm, v b) t chc phi thit lp v duy tr th tc bng vn bn

1) thng bo cho cc bn quan tm lin quan (v d: nhng ngi c thm quyn theo lut php v ch nh, khch hng v/hoc ngi tiu dng), 2) x l cc sn phm b thu hi cng nh cc l sn phm b nh hng cn tn kho, v 3) trnh t cc hot ng cn thc hin. Phi bo v hoc duy tr vic gim st cc sn phm thu hi ti khi chng b hu, s dng cho mc ch khc vi d kin ban u, xc nh l an ton vi cng (hoc khc) mc ch s dng d kin, hoc ti x l sao cho m bo an ton. Phi lp h s v bo co vi lnh o cao nht nguyn nhn, phm vi v kt qu ca vic thu hi sn phm nh l u vo cho xem xt ca lnh o (5.8.2). T chc phi kim tra v lp h s v hiu qu ca chng trnh thu hi sn phm bng cch s dng k thut thch hp (v d: thu hi gi nh hoc thc hnh din tp thu hi sn phm).

Xc nhn gi tr s dng, kim tra xc nhn v ci tin h thng qun l an

ton thc phm

8.1 Quy nh chung
Nhm an ton thc phm phi lp k hoch v thc hin cc qu trnh cn thit xc nh hiu lc cc bin php kim sot v/hoc t hp bin php kim sot, v nh gi v ci tin h thng qun l an ton thc phm.

8.2 Xc nhn gi tr s dng ca t hp bin php kim sot

Trc khi tin hnh cc bin php kim sot bao gm trong (cc) chng trnh hot ng tin quyt v k hoch HACCP v sau bt k thay i (xem 8.5.2), t chc phi xc nhn (xem 3.15) rng a) cc bin php kim sot c chn c kh nng t c s kim sot d kin vi (cc) mi nguy v an ton thc phm c n nh, v b) cc bin php kim sot l c hiu lc v, trong t hp bin php, c kh nng m bo kim sot c (cc) mi nguy v an ton thc phm c xc nh sn phm cui t c mc chp nhn xc nh. Nu kt qu vic xc nhn chng t khng th khng nh mt hoc c hai yu t trn th phi sa i v nh gi li bin php kim sot v/hoc t hp bin php kim sot. Cc sa i c th bao gm vic thay i cc bin php kim sot (ngha l cc thng s x l, tnh nghim ngt v/hoc kt hp c hai) v/hoc cc thay i v nguyn liu th, k thut ch bin, c tnh ca sn phm cui, phng php phn phi v/hoc mc ch s dng d kin ca sn phm cui.

31

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

8.3 Kim sot vic theo di v o lng T chc phi cung cp bng chng chng t rng phng php v thit b theo di v o lng quy nh l thch hp m bo tnh nng ca quy trnh theo di v o lng. Khi cn phi m bo gi tr cc kt qu, thit b o v phng php s dng phi c a) hiu chun hoc kim tra xc nhn nhng khong thi gian quy nh, hoc trc khi s dng, da trn cc chun o lng c s lin kt vi chun o lng quc t hoc quc gia; nu khng c cc chun ny th phi lp h s cho c s hiu chun hoc kim tra, b) iu chnh hoc iu chnh li nu cn, c) nhn bit c th xc nh tnh trng hiu chun, d) bo v khi cc iu chnh lm mt hiu lc kt qu o, v e) bo v khi h hi v hng hc. Phi lu gi cc h s kt qu hiu chun v kim tra xc nhn. Ngoi ra, t chc phi nh gi hiu lc ca cc kt qu o trc khi thit b hoc qu trnh c nhn thy l khng ph hp vi cc yu cu. Nu thit b o khng ph hp th t chc phi tin hnh cc hnh ng thch hp i vi thit b v sn phm chu tc ng. Phi lu gi h s ca hot ng nh gi v kt qu ca hot ng ny. Khi s dng phn mm ca my tnh theo di v o lng cc yu cu qui nh, phi xc nhn kh nng p ng ca chng vi ng dng d kin. Vic ny phi c thc hin trc khi s dng ln u v phi c xc nhn li nu cn.

8.4 Kim tra xc nhn h thng qun l an ton thc phm

8.4.1 nh gi ni b T chc phi tin hnh nh gi ni b cc khong thi gian hoch nh xc nh xem h thng qun l an ton thc phm a) c ph hp vi cc b tr c hoch nh, vi cc yu cu ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm c t chc thit lp, v vi cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny hay khng, v b) c c p dng v cp nht mt cch hiu lc hay khng. T chc phi hoch nh chng trnh nh gi, c xt n tm quan trng ca cc qu trnh v cc khu vc c nh gi, cng nh hot ng cp nht bt k l kt qu ca cuc nh gi trc (xem

8.5.2 v 5.8.2). Phi xc nh cc tiu ch, phm vi, tn sut v phng php nh gi. Vic la chn cc chuyn gia nh gi v tin hnh nh gi phi m bo c tnh khch quan v khng thin v ca qu trnh nh gi. Cc chuyn gia nh gi khng c nh gi cng vic ca mnh. Trch nhim v cc yu cu i vi vic hoch nh v tin hnh nh gi, i vi vic bo co kt qu v duy tr h s phi c xc nh trong mt th tc dng vn bn. Lnh o chu trch nhim i vi khu vc c nh gi phi m bo rng cc hot ng c tin hnh khng chm tr loi tr s khng ph hp c pht hin v nguyn nhn ca chng. Cc hnh ng tip theo phi bao gm vic kim tra xc nhn cc hnh ng c tin hnh v bo co v kt qu kim tra xc nhn. 8.4.2 nh gi cc kt qu kim tra xc nhn ring r Nhm an ton thc phm phi nh gi mt cch h thng cc kt qu kim tra xc nhn ring r c hoch nh (xem 7.8). Nu vic kim tra khng chng t s ph hp vi cc b tr c hoch nh th t chc phi tin hnh hnh ng t c s ph hp yu cu. Hnh ng ny phi bao gm, nhng khng gii hn , vic xem xt a) cc th tc v cc knh trao i thng tin hin hnh (xem 5.6 v 7.7), b) kt lun phn tch mi nguy hi (xem 7.4), (cc) chng trnh hot ng tin quyt c thit lp (xem 7.5) v k hoch HACCP (xem 7.6.1), c) cc chng trnh tin quyt (xem 7.2) v d) hiu qu ca vic qun l ngun nhn lc v hot ng o to (xem 6.2). 8.4.3 Phn tch kt qu ca hot ng kim tra xc nhn Nhm an ton thc phm phi phn tch cc kt qu ca hot ng kim tra xc nhn, bao gm cc kt qu nh gi ni b (xem 8.4.1) v nh gi ca bn ngoi. Vic phn tch phi c tin hnh a) xc nhn rng tt c cc hot ng ca h thng p ng cc b tr c hoch nh v cc yu cu ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm do t chc thit lp, b) nhn bit s cn thit i vi vic cp nht hoc ci tin h thng qun l an ton thc phm, c) nhn bit xu hng ch ra phm vi nh hng ln hn ca cc sn phm khng an ton tim n, d) thit lp thng tin nhm hoch nh chng trnh nh gi ni b lin quan n tnh trng v tm quan trng ca cc khu vc cn nh gi, v e) cung cp bng chng v hiu lc ca vic thc hin cc khc phc v hnh ng khc phc.

33

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

Phi lp h s v bo co cc kt qu phn tch v kt qu hnh ng, theo cch thch hp, vi lnh o cao nht nh u vo xem xt ca lnh o (xem 5.8.2). Cng phi s dng h s nh u vo ca vic cp nht h thng qun l an ton thc phm (xem 8.5.2).

8.5 Ci tin
8.5.1 Ci tin lin tc Lnh o cao nht phi m bo rng t chc lin tc ci tin hiu lc ca h thng qun l an ton thc phm thng qua vic trao i thng tin (xem 5.6), xem xt ca lnh o (xem 5.8), nh gi ni b (xem 8.4.1), nh gi cc kt qu kim tra xc nhn ring r (xem 8.4.2), phn tch cc kt qu ca hot ng kim tra xc nhn (xem 8.4.3), hiu lc ca t hp cc bin php kim sot (xem 8.2), hnh ng khc phc (xem 7.10.2) v cp nht h thng qun l an ton thc phm (xem 8.5.2).
Ch thch: TCVN ISO 9001 cp n vic ci tin lin tc tnh hiu lc ca h thng qun l cht lng. TCVN ISO 9004 cung cp hng dn ci tin lin tc hiu lc v hiu qu ca h thng qun l cht lng ngoi phm vi nhng iu quy nh trong TCVN ISO 9001.

8.5.2 Cp nht h thng qun l an ton thc phm Lnh o cao nht phi m bo h thng qun l an ton thc phm c cp nht lin tc. t c iu ny, nhm an ton thc phm phi nh gi h thng qun l an ton thc phm cc khong thi gian hoch nh. Sau nhm phi quyt nh liu c cn xem xt cc phn tch mi nguy hi (xem 7.4), (cc) chng trnh hot ng tin quyt c thit lp (xem 7.5) v k hoch HACCP (xem 7.6.1). Hot ng nh gi v cp nht phi da trn a) b) phm, c) d) u ra t vic phn tch cc kt qu ca hot ng kim tra xc nhn (xem 8.4.3), v u ra t xem xt ca lnh o (xem 5.8.3). thng tin u vo, t trao i vi bn ngoi cng nh ni b, nh trnh by 5.6, thng tin khc lin quan n s thch hp, y v hiu lc ca h thng qun l an ton thc

Phi lp h s v bo co hot ng cp nht h thng theo cch thch hp, nh u vo xem xt ca lnh o (xem 5.8.2).

Ph lc A (tham kho) So snh gia TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000:2005) v TCVN ISO 9001:2000

Bng A.1 So snh gia cc iu ca TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000:2005) v cc iu ca TCVN ISO 9001:2000 TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000 : 2005) Gii thiu 0 01 02 03 04 Phm vi p dng 1 1 1.1 1.2 Ti liu vin dn Thut ng v nh ngha H thng qun l an ton thc phm Yu cu chung Yu cu i vi h thng ti liu Quy nh chung Kim sot ti liu Kim sot h s Trch nhim ca lnh o Cam kt ca lnh o Chnh sch an ton thc phm Hoch nh h thng qun l an ton thc phm Trch nhim v quyn hn Trng nhm an ton thc phm Trao i thng tin Trao i thng tin vi bn ngoi Trao i thng tin ni b 2 3 4 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.6.1 5.6.2 2 3 4 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.3 4.2.4 5 5.1 5.3 5.4.2 5.5.1 5.5.2 5.5 7.2.1 7.2.3 5.5.3 7.3.7 Chun b sn sng v gii quyt tnh hung khn cp 5.7 5.2 8.5.3 TCVN ISO 9001:2000 (ISO 9001:2000) Gii thiu Khi qut Cch tip cn theo qu trnh MI quan h vi TCVN ISO 9004 S tng thch vi cc h thng qun l khc Phm vi Khi qut p dng Tiu chun trch dn Thut ng v nh ngha H thng qun l cht lng Yu cu chung Yu cu i vi h thng ti liu Khi qut Kim sot h thng ti liu Kim sot h s Trch nhim ca lnh o Cam kt ca lnh o Chnh sch cht lng Hoch nh h thng qun l cht lng Trch nhim v quyn hn i din ca lnh o Trch nhim, quyn hn v trao i thng tin Xc nh cc yu cu lin quan n sn phm Trao i thng tin vi khch hng Trao i thng tin ni b Kim sot thay i thit k v pht trin Hng vo khch hng Hnh ng phng nga

35

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

Bng A.1 (tip theo) TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000 : 2005) Xem xt ca lnh o Quy nh chung u vo ca vic xem xt u ra ca vic xem xt Qun l ngun lc Cung cp ngun lc Ngun nhn lc Quy nh chung Nng lc, nhn thc v o to C s h tng Mi trng lm vic Hoch nh v to sn phm an ton Quy nh chung Cc chng trnh tin quyt (PRPs) 5.8 5.8.1 5.8.2 5.8.3 6 6.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.3 6.4 7 7.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3 Cc bc ban u phn tch mi nguy hi Quy nh chung Nhm an ton thc phm c tnh ca sn phm Mc ch s dng d kin Lu , cc bc ca qu trnh v bin php kim sot Phn tch mi nguy hi Quy nh chung Nhn bit mi nguy hi v xc nh mc chp nhn nh gi mi nguy hi La chn v nh gi bin php kim sot Thit lp cc chng trnh hot ng tin quyt (PRPs) Thit lp k hoch HACCP K hoch HACCP Nhn bit cc im kim sot ti hn Xc nh gii hn ti hn cho cc im kim sot ti hn 7.3 7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.4 7.3.5 7.4 7.4.1 7.4.2 7.4.3 7.4.4 7.5 7.6 7.6.1 7.6.2 7.6.3 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.5.1 u vo ca thit k v pht trin u ra ca thit k v pht trin Kim sot sn xut v cung cp dch v TCVN ISO 9001 : 2000 (ISO 9001:2000) 5.6 5.6.1 5.6.2 5.6.3 6 6.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.3 6.4 7 7.1 6.3 6.4 7.5.1 8.5.3 7.5.5 7.3 Xem xt ca lnh o Khi qut u vo ca vic xem xt u ra ca vic xem xt Qun l ngun lc Cung cp ngun lc Ngun nhn lc Khi qut Nng lc, nhn thc v o to C s h tng Mi trng lm vic To sn phm Hoch nh v vic to sn phm C s h tng Mi trng lm vic Kim sot sn xut v cung cp dch v Hnh ng phng nga Bo ton sn phm Thit k v pht trin

7.4.2 7.2.1 7.2.1 7.3.1

Thng tin mua hng Xc nh cc yu cu lin quan n sn phm Xc nh cc yu cu lin quan n sn phm Hoch nh thit k v pht trin

Bng A.1 (kt thc) TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000 : 2005) H thng theo di cc im kim sot ti hn Hnh ng khi kt qu theo di vt qu gii hn ti hn Cp nht thng tin v ti liu ban u quy nh cc chng trnh tin quyt PRPs v k hoch HACCP K hoch kim tra xc nhn H thng xc nh ngun gc Kim sot s khng ph hp Khc phc Hnh ng khc phc X l sn phm khng an ton tim n Thu hi Xc nhn gi tr s dng, kim tra xc nhn v ci tin h thng qun l an ton thc phm Quy nh chung Xc nhn gi tr s dng ca t hp bin php kim sot 7.6.4 7.6.5 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.10.1 7.10.2 7.10.3 7.10.4 8 8.1 8.2 TCVN ISO 9001 : 2000 (ISO 9001:2000) 8.2.3 8.3 4.2.3 7.3.5 7.5.3 8.3 8.3 8.5.2 8.3 8.3 8 8.1 8.4 7.3.6 7.5.2 Kim sot vic theo di v o lng Kim tra xc nhn h thng qun l an ton thc phm nh gi ni b nh gi cc kt qu kim tra xc nhn ring r Phn tch kt qu ca hot ng kim tra xc nhn Ci tin Ci tin lin tc Cp nht h thng qun l an ton thc phm 8.3 8.4 8.4.1 8.4.2 7.6 8.2 8.2.2 7.3.4 8.2.3 8.4.3 8.5 8.5.1 8.5.2 8.4 8.5 8.5.1 7.3.4 Theo di v o lng cc qu trnh Kim sot sn phm khng ph hp Kim sot ti liu Kim tra xc nhn thit k v pht trin Nhn bit v xc nh ngun gc Kim sot sn phm khng ph hp Kim sot sn phm khng ph hp Hnh ng khc phc Kim sot sn phm khng ph hp Kim sot sn phm khng ph hp o lng, phn tch v ci tin Khi qut Phn tch d liu Xc nhn gi tr s dng ca thit k v pht trin Xc nhn gi tr s dng ca cc qu trnh sn xut v cung cp dch v Kim sot phng tin theo di v o lng Theo di v o lng nh gi ni b Xem xt thit k v pht trin Theo di v nh gi cc qu trnh Phn tch d liu Ci tin Ci tin thng xuyn Xem xt thit k v pht trin

37

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

Bng A.2 So snh gia cc iu ca TCVN ISO 9001:2000 (ISO 22000:2005) v cc iu ca TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000:2005) TCVN ISO 9001 : 2000 (ISO 9001:2000) Li gii thiu Khi qut Phng php tip cn theo qu trnh Mi quan h vi TCVN ISO 9004 S tng thch vi cc h thng qun l khc Phm vi Khi qut p dng Tiu chun trch dn Thut ng v nh ngha H thng qun l cht lng Yu cu chung Yu cu i vi h thng ti liu Khi qut S tay cht lng Kim sot ti liu 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 1 1.1 1.2 2 3 4 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 2 3 4 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 7.7 Kim sot h s Trch nhim ca lnh o Cam kt ca lnh o Hng vo khch hng Chnh sch cht lng Hoch nh Mc tiu cht lng Hoch nh h thng cht lng 4.2.4 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 4.2.3 5 5.1 5.7 5.2 Ti liu vin dn Thut ng v nh ngha H thng qun l an ton thc phm Yu cu chung Yu cu i vi h thng ti liu Quy nh chung Kim sot ti liu Cp nht thng tin v ti liu ban u quy nh cc chng trnh tin quyt PRPs v k hoch HACCP Kim sot h s Trch nhim ca lnh o Cam kt ca lnh o Chun b sn sng v gii quyt tnh hung khn cp Chnh sch an ton thc phm 1 Phm vi p dng TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000 : 2005) Li gii thiu

5.3 8.5.2

Hoch nh h thng qun l an ton thc phm Cp nht h thng qun l an ton thc phm Trao i thng tin Trch nhim v quyn hn Trng nhm an ton thc phm Trao i thng tin ni b Xem xt ca lnh o Quy nh chung u vo ca vic xem xt

Trch nhim, quyn hn v trao i thng tin Trch nhim v quyn hn i din ca lnh o Trao i thng tin ni b Xem xt ca lnh o Khi qut u vo ca vic xem xt

5.5 5.5.1 5.5.2 5.5.3 5.6 5.6.1 5.6.2

5.6 5.4 5.5 5.6.2 5.8 5.8.1 5.8.2

Bng A.2 (tip theo) TCVN ISO 9001 : 2000 (ISO 9001:2000) u ra ca vic xem xt Qun l ngun lc Cung cp ngun lc Ngun nhn lc Khi qut Nng lc, nhn thc v o to C s h tng Mi trng lm vic To sn phm Hoch nh vic to sn phm Cc qu trnh lin quan n khch hng Xc nh cc yu cu lin quan n sn phm 5.6.3 6 6.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.3 6.4 7 7.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.3.4 7.3.5 5.6.1 Xem xt cc yu cu lin quan n sn phm Trao i thng tin vi khch hng Thit k v pht trin Hoch nh thit k v pht trin u vo ca thit k v pht trin u ra ca thit k v pht trin Xem xt thit k v pht trin 7.2.2 7.2.3 7.3 7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.4 5.6.1 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 8.4.2 8.5.2 Kim tra xc nhn thit k v pht trin Xc nhn gi tr s dng ca thit k v pht trin Kim sot thay i ca thit k v pht trin Mua hng Qu trnh mua hng Thng tin mua hng Kim tra xc nhn sn phm mua vo 7.3.5 7.3.6 7.3.7 7.4 7.4.1 7.4.2 7.4.3 7.8 8.2 5.6.2 Trao i thng thng tin vi bn ngoi Cc bc ban u phn tch mi nguy hi Phn tch mi nguy hi Thit lp cc chng trnh hot ng tin quyt (PRPs) Thit lp k hoch HACCP nh gi cc kt qu kim tra xc nhn ring r Cp nht h thng qun l an ton thc phm K hoch kim tra xc nhn Xc nhn gi tr s dng ca t hp bin php kim sot Trao i thng tin ni b Mc ch s dng d kin Lu , cc bc ca qu trnh v bin php kim sot Trao i thng tin vi bn ngoi 6 6.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.3 7.2 6.4 7.2 7 7.1 TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000 : 2005) 5.8.3 u ra ca vic xem xt Qun l ngun lc Cung cp ngun lc Ngun nhn lc Quy nh chung Nng lc, nhn thc v o to C s h tng Cc chng trnh tin quyt (PRPs) Mi trng lm vic Cc chng trnh tin quyt (PRPs) Hoch nh v to sn phm an ton Quy nh chung

7.3.3

c tnh ca sn phm

39

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

Bng A.2 (kt thc) TCVN ISO 9001 : 2000 (ISO 9001:2000) Sn phm v cung cp dch v Kim sot sn xut v cung cp dch v Xc nhn gi tr s dng ca cc qu trnh sn xut v cung cp dch v Nhn bit v xc nh ngun gc Ti sn ca khch hng Bo ton sn phm Kim sot phng tin theo di v o lng o lng, phn tch v ci tin Khi qut Theo di v o lng S tho mn ca khch hng nh gi ni b Theo di v o lng cc qu trnh 7.5 7.5.1 7.2 7.6.1 7.5.2 7.5.3 7.5.4 7.5.5 7.6 8 8.1 8.2 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.2.3 8.2 7.9 7.2 8.3 8 8.1 8.4 8.4.1 7.6.4 8.4.2 Theo di v o lng sn phm Kim sot sn phm khng ph hp 8.2.4 8.3 7.6.5 7.10 Phn tch d liu 8.4 8.2 8.4.3 Ci tin Ci tin lin tc Hnh ng khc phc Hnh ng phng nga 8.5 8.5.1 8.5.2 8.5.3 8.5 8.5.1 7.10.2 5.7 7.2 Hnh ng khi kt qu theo di vt qu gii hn ti hn Kim sot s khng ph hp Xc nhn gi tr s dng ca t hp bin php kim sot Phn tch kt qu ca hot ng kim tra xc nhn Ci tin Ci tin lin tc Hnh ng khc phc Chun b sn sng v gii quyt tnh hung khn cp Cc chng trnh tin quyt (PRPs) Chng trnh tin quyt (PRPs) K hoch HACCP Hiu lc ca t hp cc bin php kim sot Xc nh ngun gc h thng Cc chng trnh tin quyt (PRPs) Kim sot vic theo di v o lng Xc nhn gi tr s dng, kim tra xc nhn v ci tin h thng qun l an ton thc phm Quy nh chung Kim tra xc nhn h thng qun l an ton thc phm nh gi ni b H thng theo di cc im kim sot ti hn nh gi cc kt qu kim tra xc nhn ring r TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000 : 2005)

Ph lc B (tham kho) So snh gia HACCP v TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000:2005)
Bng B.1 - So snh gia cc nguyn tc v cc bc p dng HACCP vi cc iu ca TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000:2005) Cc nguyn tc ca HACCP TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000:2005) 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.5. 2 7.3.4 7.3.5. 1 7.4 7.4.2 Bc 6 7.4.3 7.4.4 Nguyn tc 2 Xc nh cc im kim sot ti hn (CCP) Nguyn tc 3 Thit lp (cc) ngng ti hn Nguyn tc 4 Thit lp h thng kim tra, gim st cc im kim sot ti hn Nguyn tc 5 Xc nh cc hot ng khc phc cn tin hnh khi vic gim st cho thy mt im kim sot ti hn no khng c kim sot Xc nh cc im kim sot ti hn (CCP) Thit lp cc gii hn ti hn cho mi CCP Thit lp h thng gim st cho mi CCP Bc 7 7.6.2 Nhm an ton thc phm c tnh ca sn phm M t cc bc ca qu trnh v bin php kim sot Mc ch s dng d kin

Cc bc p dng HACCP a Thnh lp nhm HACCP M t sn phm Xc nh mc ch s dng Xy dng s dy truyn sn xut Thm nh s dy truyn sn xut Lit k tt c cc ri ro tim n Tin hnh phn tch ri ro Xem xt bin php kim sot Bc 1 Bc 2

Bc 3 Bc 4 Bc 5

Lu

Nguyn tc 1 Tin hnh phn tch ri ro

Phn tch mi nguy hi Nhn bit mi nguy hi v xc nh mc chp nhn nh gi mi nguy hi La chn v nh gi bin php kim sot Nhn bit cc im kim sot ti hn Xc nh gii hn ti hn cho cc im kim sot ti hn H thng theo di cc im kim sot ti hn

Bc 8

7.6.3

Bc 9

7.6.4

Thit lp cc hnh ng khc phc

Bc 10

7.6.5

Hnh ng khi kt qu theo di vt qu gii hn ti hn

41

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

Bng B.1 (kt thc) Cc nguyn tc ca HACCP Nguyn tc 6 Thit lp cc th tc kim tra khng nh rng h thng HACCP ang hot ng c hiu qu TCVN ISO 22000:2007 (ISO 22000:2005)

Cc bc p dng HACCP a

Thit lp quy trnh kim tra

Bc 11

7.8

K hoch kim tra xc nhn

Nguyn tc 7 Thit lp h thng ti liu lin quan n mi Thit lp h thng lu gi th tc v h s tng ti liu v h s ng vi cc nguyn tc ny v cc bc ng dng a Trnh by trong tham kho [11].

4.2 Bc 12 7.7

Yu cu i vi h thng ti liu Cp nht thng tin v ti liu ban u quy nh cc chng trnh tin quyt PRPs v k hoch HACCP

Ph lc C (tham kho) Cc tham kho ca Codex cung cp v d i vi bin php kim sot, bao gm cc chng trnh tin quyt v cc hng dn la chn v s dng

C.1
C.1.1

Quy phm v hng dn1)

Quy nh chung General Principles of

CAC/RCP 1-1969 (Rev.4-2003), Recommended International Code of Practice guidelines for its application, Quy phm Thc hnh Khuyn ngh Quc t dn p dng)

Food Hygiene; incorporates Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system and Nhng nguyn tc chung i vi v sinh thc phm; kt hp h thng phn tch mi nguy v kim sot im ti hn v hng

Cc hng dn i vi Cng nhn hiu lc ca cc bin php kim sot v sinh thc phm2) Cc nguyn tc p dng cho truy tm xut x/ xut x ca sn phm lin quan n thanh tra thc phm v chng nhn2) Cc quy phm v hng dn chi tit cho hng ho C.1.2 Thc n cho gia sc

CAC/RCP 45-1997, Code of Practice for the Reduction of Aflatoxin B1 in Raw Materials and Supplemental Feeding stuffs for Milk Producing Animals (Quy phm thc hnh lm gim Aflatoxin B1 trong nguyn liu th v ph gia thc n gia sc cho vt nui ly sa) CAC/RCP 54-2004, Code of Practice for Good Animal Feeding (Quy phm thc hnh i vi thc n tt cho gia sc) C.1.3 Thc phm c mc ch s dng c bit

CAC/RCP 21-1979, Code of Hygienic Pratice for Food For Infants and Children3) (Quy phm Thc hnh v sinh i vi thc n tr s sinh v tr em) CAC/GL 08-1991, Guidelines on Formulated Supplementary Foods for Older Infants and Young Children (Hng dn i vi cng thc ph gia thc phm cho tr em)

1)

Cc ti liu ny cng nh cc bn cp nht c th ti t trang web ca U ban Tiu chun Thc phm: http://www.codexalimentarius.net. 2) ang xy dng. 3) ang sot xt.

43

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

C.1.4 Thc phm c ch bin c bit

CAC/RCP 8-1976 (Rev. 2-1983), Code of Hygienic Pratice for the Processing and Handling of Quick Frozen Foods ((Sot xt ln 2-1983), Quy phm Thc hnh v sinh i vi ch bin v x l thc phm ng lnh nhanh) CAC/RCP 23-1979 (Rev. 2-1993), Recommended International Code of Hygienic Practice for Low and Acidified LowAcid Canned Foods ((Sot xt ln 2-1993), Quy phm thc hnh Khuyn ngh Quc t v sinh i vi thc phm ng hp c nng axit thp v axit ho thp) CAC/RCP 46-1999, Code of Hygieinic Practice for Refrigerated Packaged Foods with Extended Shelf Life (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi thc phm ng gi ng lnh c hn s dng di) C.1.5 Thnh phn ca thc phm

CAC/RCP 42-1995, Code of Hygienic Practice for Spices and Dried Aromatic Plants (Quy phm Thc hnh v sinh i vi gia v v cy hng liu sy kh) C.1.6 Rau, qu

CAC/RCP 22-1979, Code of Hygienic Practice for Groundnuts (Peanuts) (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi lc (u phng)) CAC/RCP 2-1969, Code of Hygienic Practice for Canned Fruit and Vegetable Products (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi sn phm rau, qu ng hp) CAC/RCP 3-1969, Code of Hygienic Practice for Dried Fruit (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi qu sy kh) CAC/RCP 4-1971, Code of Hygienic Practice for Desiccated Coconut (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi da kh) CAC/RCP 5-1971, Code of Hygienic Practice for Dehydrated Fruits and Vegetable, including Edible Fungi (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi rau, qu c chit nc, bao gm c nm n) CAC/RCP 6-1972, Code of Hygienic Practice for Tree Nuts (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi cc loi ht) CAC/RCP 53-2003, Code of Hygienic Practice for Fresh Fruits and Vegetable (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi rau, qu ti) C.1.7 Tht v cc sn phm t tht

CAC/RCP 41-1993, Code for Ante-mortem and Post-mortem Inspection of Slaughter Animals and for Ante-mortem and Post-mortem Judgement of Slaughter Animals and Meat (Quy phm kim tra ng vt git m trc khi cht v sau khi cht v quy phm nh gi) CAC/RCP 32-1983, Code of Practice for the Production, Storage and Composition of Mechanically Separated Meat and Poultry for Further Processing (Quy phm thc hnh i vi sn xut, bo qun v thnh phn ca tht v gia cm m bng my cho cng on x l/ch bin tip theo) CAC/RCP 29-1983, Rev.1(1993), Code of Hygienic Practice for Game (Sot xt ln 1 (1993), Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi tht th rng) CAC/RCP 30-1983, Code of Hygienic Practice for Processing of Frog Legs (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi ch bin i ch) CAC/RCP 11-1976, Rev.1(1993), Code of Hygienic Practice for Fresh Meat (Sot xt ln 1 (1993), Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi tht ti) CAC/RCP 13-1976, Rev.1(1985), Code of Hygienic Practice for Processed Meat and Poultry Products (Sot xt ln 1 (1985), Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi cc sn phm ch bin t tht v gia cm) CAC/RCP 14-1976, Code of Hygienic Practice for Poultry Processing (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi ch bin tht gia cm) CAC/RCP 52-2003, General Principles of Meat Hygiene (Cc nguyn tc chung v v sinh tht) Code of Hygienic Practice for Meat2) (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh tht) C.1.8 Sa v cc sn phm t sa

CAC/RCP 57-2004, Code of Hygienic Practice for Milk and milk products (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi sa v cc sn phm t sa) Vic sot xt cc Hng dn i vi vic thit lp chng trnh ch nh kim sot d lng thuc th y trong bo qun thc phm v kim sot d lng thuc th trong sa v sn phm sa (bao gm sa v cc sn phm sa)2) C.1.9 Trng v cc sn phm t trng

CAC/RCP 15-1976, Code of Hygienic Practice for Egg Products (amended 1978,1985) (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi cc sn phm t trng (b sung nm 1978, 1985)); Bn sot xt ca Quy phm thc hnh v sinh vi cc sn phm t trng2)

2) ang xy dng

45

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

C.1.10 C v cc sn phm t c

CAC/RCP 37-1989, Code of Practice for Cephalopods (Quy phm thc hnh i vi ng vt thn mm) CAC/RCP 35-1985, Code of Practice for Frozen Battered and/or Breaded Fishery products (Quy phm thc hnh vi cc sn phm c ng lnh v/hoc sn phm c bao m) CAC/RCP 28-1983, Code of Practice for Crabs (Quy phm thc hnh i vi cua) CAC/RCP 24-1979, Code of Practice for Lobsters (Quy phm thc hnh i vi tm hm) CAC/RCP 25-1979, Code of Practice for Smoked Fish (Quy phm thc hnh i vi c hun khi) CAC/RCP 26-1979, Code of Practice for Salted Fish (Quy phm thc hnh i vi c mui) CAC/RCP 17-1978, Code of Practice for Shrimps or Prawns (Quy phm thc hnh i vi tm hoc tm Panan) CAC/RCP 18-1978, Code of Hygienic Practice for Molluscan Shellfish (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi thy sn thuc loi nhuyn th c v) CAC/RCP 52-2003, Code of Practice for Fish and Fishery Products (Quy phm thc hnh i vi c v cc sn phm t c) Code of Practice for Fish and Fishery Products (aquaculture)2) (Quy phm thc hnh i vi c v cc sn phm t c (nui trng thu sn)) C.1.11 Nc

CAC/RCP 33-1985, Code of Hygienic Practice for the Collection, Processing and Marketing of Natural Mineral Waters (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi vic khai thc, ch bin v bn nc khong thin nhin) CAC/RCP 48-2001, Code of Hygienic Practice for Bottled/Packaged Drinking Waters (Other than Natural Mineral Waters) (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh vi nc ung ng chai/hp (khng phi l nc khong thin nhin)) C.1.12 Vn chuyn

CAC/RCP 47-2001, Code of Hygienic Practice for the Transport of Food in Bulk and Semi-packed Food (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi vn chuyn Thc phm khi lng ln v Thc phm na ng gi)
ang xy dng

2)

CAC/RCP 36-1987, Code of Practice for the Storage and Transport of Edible Oils and Fats in Bulk (Quy phm thc hnh i vi vic lu kho v vn chuyn du n v m vi khi lng ln) CAC/RCP 44-1995, Code of Practice for Packaging and Transport of Tropical Fresh Fruit and Vegetables (Quy phm thc hnh i vi vic ng gi v vn chuyn rau, qu ti nhit i) C.1.13 Bn l

CAC/RCP 43-1997 (Rev.1-2001), Code of Hygienic Practice for the Preparation and Sale of Street Foods (Regional Code v vng Carib) CAC/RCP 39-1993, Code of Hygienic Practice for Precooked and Cooked Foods in Mass Catering (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh cung cp thc phm s ch v ch bin vi khi lng ln) CAC/GL 22-1997 (Rev.1-1999), Guidelines for the Design of Control Measures for Street-Vended Foods in Africa (Hng dn thit k bin php kim sot thc phm bn rong Chu Phi) Latin America and the Caribbean) ((Sot xt ln 1-2001), Quy phm thc Chu M Latinh hnh v sinh i vi vic chun b v bn thc phm ng ph (Quy phm khu vc

C.2

Quy phm v hng dn ring i vi mi nguy hi an ton thc phm1)

CAC/RCP 38-1993, Code of Practice for Control of the Use of Veterinary Drugs (Quy phm thc hnh i vi vic s dng thuc th y) CAC/RCP 50-2003, Code of Practice for the Prevention of Patulin Contamination in Apple Juice and Apple Juice Ingredients in Other Beverages (Quy phm thc hnh i vi vic ngn nga nhim Patulin trong nc to v thnh phn ca nc to trong cc loi ung khc) CAC/RCP 51-2003, Code of Practice for the Prevention of Mycotoxin Contamination in Cereals,

including Annexes on Ochratoxin A, Zearaleone, Fumonisin and Tricothecenes (Quy phm thc hnh i vi vic ngn nga ng cc nhim Mycotoxin, bao gm c Ochratoxin A, Zearaleone, Fumonisin v Tricothecene) CAC/RCP 55-2004, Code of Practice for the Prevention and Reduction of Afltoxin Contaminnation in Peanuts (Quy phm thc hnh i vi vic ngn chn v gim bt nhim Aflatoxin trong lc) CAC/RCP 56-2004, Code of Practice for the Prevention and Reduction of Lead Contamination in Foods (Quy phm thc hnh i vi ngn chn v gim bt nhim Ch trong thc phm) Hng dn kim sot Listeria monocytogen trong thc phm2)
1) Cc ti liu ny cng nh cc bn cp nht c th ti t trang web ca U ban Tiu chun Thc phm: http://www.codexalimentarius.net. 2) ang xy dng

47

TCVN ISO 22000 : 2007

Quy phm thc hnh nhm ngn chn v gim bt nhim thic trong thc phm ng hp 2) Quy phm thc hnh nhm gim thiu v ngn chn thuc st khun2) Quy phm thc hnh nhm ngn chn v gim bt nhim Aflatoxin trong ht cy2)

C.3

Quy phm v hng dn c th i vi bin php kim sot 1)

CAC/RCP 19-1979 (Rev.1-1983), Code of Practice for the Operation of Irradiation Facilities Used for the Treatment of Foods (Sot xt ln 1-1983, Quy phm vn hnh thit b chiu x x l thc phm) CAC/RCP 40-1993, Code of Hygienic Practice for Aseptically Processed and Packaged Low-acid Foods (Quy phm thc hnh v sinh i vi thc phm c nng axit thp qua qu trnh v trng v ng gi) CAC/RCP 49-2001, Code of Practice for Source Directed Measures to Reduce Contamination of Food with Chemicals (Quy phm thc hnh i vi cc phng php hng ti ngun nhm hn ch nhim ho cht trong thc phm) CAC/GL 13-1991, Guidelines for the Preservation of Raw Milk by Use of the Lactoperoxidase System (Hng dn Bo qun Sa nguyn cht bng cch s dng h enzim Lactoperoxidaza) CAC/STAN 106-1983 (Rev.1-2003), General Standards for Irradiated Foods (Cc tiu chun chung i vi thc phm chiu bc x)

1) Cc ti liu ny cng nh cc bn cp nht c th ti t trang web ca U ban Tiu chun Thc phm: http://www.codexalimentarius.net.

Ti liu tham kho

[1] TCVN ISO 9001:2000, H thng qun l cht lng Cc yu cu [2] TCVN ISO 9004:2000, H thng qun l cht lng Hng dn ci tin [3] ISO 10012:2003, Measurement management systems Requirements for measurement processes and measuring equipment (H thng qun l o lng o) [4] ISO 14159:2002, Safety for machinery Hygiene requirements for the design of machinery (An ton my Yu cu v sinh i vi thit k ca my) Yu cu i vi qu trnh o v phng tin

[5] TCVN 7367:2003 (ISO 15161:2001), Hng dn p dng TCVN ISO 9001:2000 trong cng nghip thc phm [6] TCVN ISO 19011:2002, Hng dn nh gi h thng qun l cht lng v/hoc h thng qun l mi trng [7] ISO/TS 22004:4), Food safety management systems Guidance on the application of ISO 22000:2005 (H thng qun l an ton thc phm Hng dn p dng ISO 22000:2005)

[8] ISO 22005:5), Traceability in the feed and food chain General priciples and guidance for systems design and development (Xc nh ngun gc trong trong chui thc phm v thc n cho gia sc Cc nguyn tc v hng dn chung i vi h thng thit k v pht trin)

[9] TCVN 6844:2001 (ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999), Hng dn v vic cp kha cnh an ton trong tiu chun [10] ISO/IEC Guide 62:1996, General requirements for bodies operating assessment and certification/registration of quality systems (Yu cu chung i vi t chc tin hnh nh gi v chng nhn h thng cht lng) [11] Codex Alimentarius Food Hygiene Basic Texts. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, World Health Oganization, Rome, 2001(Cc vn bn c s v v sinh thc phm ca U ban Tiu chun Thc phm Codex. T chc Nng Lng ca Lin Hip quc, T chc Y t Th gii, Rome, 2001) [11] Tham kho cc trang web: http://www.iso.org; : http://www.codexalimentarius.net ________________________________

4) xut bn

5) xut bn

49