1

Extractedfrom: FLORAOFST.JOHN,U.S.VIRGINISLANDS by PEDROACEVEDORODRGUEZ ANDCOLLABORATORS (MEMOIRSOFTHENEWYORKBOTANICALGARDEN:78:1581.1996.)

PTERIDOPHYTES
=================================== (FernandFernallyFamilies) ByGeorgeR.Proctor KeytotheFamilies 1.Leavesminute,scalelikeandveinlessornarrowlylinear,withasinglevein. 2. Plant dichotomously branched, appearing leafless (the leaves minute scales) sporangia (synangia)trilobed,trilocular,scatteredonbranches..................................Psilotaceae 2. Plants with a main stem bearing lateral branches, with numerous needlelike leaves sporangia subglobose, unilocular, congested into compact spikes at the end of lateral branches. .................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................ Lycopodiaceae 1.Leavesfoliaceous,withbranchedveins. 3.Sporangiaproducedonelongatedspikelikestructures .......................... Ophioglossaceae 3.Sporangiaproducedonlowersideormarginsoftheleafblade. 4. Large palmlike ferns caudex (stem) 310 m tall, 1015 cm diam., with numerous large,leafscarsfronds(leaves)23.5mlong ................................. Cyatheaceae 4.Smalltomediumsized,<2mlongortall,herblikeorvinelikefernsstemsusually inconspicuous(coveredbyleafbases),shortened,orsometimeselongated,creeping orclimbing Polypodiaceae

1.CYATHEACEAE
_______________________________________ (TreeFern Family) 1.CYATHEASm. 1.Cyatheaarborea (L.)Sm.,Mm.Acad.Roy.Sci.Turin5:417.1793. Distribution: Inmoistopenareas.BordeauxMountain(P40438).AlsoonSt.Thomas andTortolaGreaterandLesserAntillesandnorthernmostColombia.

2.LYCOPODIACEAE
_______________________________________ (ClubmossFamily) 1.LYCOPODIUML. 1.Lycopodiumcernuum L.,Sp.Pl.1103.1753. Distribution: Moist, exposed, sunny banks in humid areas. Bordeaux Mountain (A2603).AlsoonTortolaandSt.Thomaspantropical.

3.OPHIOGLOSSACEAE
_______________________________________ (OphioglossumFamily) 1.OPHIOGLOSSUML. 1.Ophioglossumreticulatum L.,Sp.Pl.1063.1753. Distribution: Occasionalonshadedbanksinmoistforests,appearingafterseasonalrains. ShadedslopesofBordeauxMountain(B536). AlsoonSt.Thomaspantropical.

4.POLYPODIACEAE
_______________________________________ Keytothegenera 1.Frondsnotdivided(simple).Polypodium (part) 1.Frondsdivided. 2.Sporangiainmarginalsori(shortorlong),terminalonveins. 3.Bladespedatepentagonal.Doryopteris 3.Bladespinnateordiffuselydivided. 4.Frondswithspinyaxes,apicalgrowthindeterminate(plantsvinelike).Odontosoria 4.Frondslackingspinesgrowthdeterminate(plantsherborshrublike). 5.Fronds1pinnate,or1pinnatepinnatifidwithforkedbasalpinnae Pteris 5.Fronds35pinnate.Adiantum 2.Sporangiadorsal(rarelysubmarginal). 6.Sporangiacompletelycovering abaxialsideoffertilepinnae.Acrostichum 6.Sporangiaconfinedtoveins. 7.Sporangiascatteredalongveinsabaxially,notclumpedindiscretesori. 8.Blades essentiallyglabrous,but usuallybearingawhiteoryellowwaxlikepowder abaxiallyveinsallfree Pityrogramma 8.Bladespubescentandwithoutawaxlikepowderveinsreticulate Hemionitis 7.Sporangiadenselyclumpedindiscretesori,withorwithoutanindusium. 9.Sorielongate.

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10. Blades pinnate with several to many (to 20) pairs of pinnae sori forming a continuouslineoneithersideofandparalleltothecostaeBlechnum 10. Blades tripartite to pentagonal sori variable, in short lines oblique to the costae.Asplenium 9.Soriroundorkidneyshaped. 11. Pinnae articulate to the rachis rhizome producing long slender scaly stolons veinsalwaysfree Nephrolepis 11.Pinnaecontinuous withtherachis,notarticulaterhizomewithoutstolonsveins freeorreticulate. 12. Fronds more or less pubescent (hairs may be minute) plants terrestrial or occasionallyepilithicThelypteris 12.Frondsglabrousplantsepiphyticorepilithic.Polypodium (part)

1.ACROSTICHUML. 1.Acrostichumdanaeifolium Langsd.&Fisch.,Pl.Voy.RussesMonde1:5,t.l.1810. Distribution: Occasional in intermittent ravines. Battery Gut (A4163). Also on St. Croix,St.ThomasandTortolawidespreadintropicalandsubtropicalAmerica.

2.ADIANTUML. Keytothespecies 1. Rhizome scales uniformly bright yellowish brown, margins denticulateciliolate leaf blades lanceolateovateultimatepinnulesquicklydeciduous.A.fragile 1. Rhizome scales bicolorous, dark brown with pale margins, these fimbriateciliate leaf blades triangularovate,subpentagonal,longstalkedultimatepinnulessubpersistentA.tenerum

1.AdiantumfragileSw.,Prodr.135.1788. KeytothevarietiesofA.fragile 1. Ultimate pinnules mostly 1020 mm long tissue light green, thinmembranous, glabrous, and nonglandularonbothsides.A.fragilevar.fragile 1. Ultimate pinnules mostly 410 mm long tissue green or slightly glaucous, firmmembranous, usually very minutely puberulous on abaxial side and with numerous minute resinous glands embeddedintheabaxialepidermis.A.fragilevar.rigidulum 1a.Adiantumfragilevar.fragile Distribution: Commononshadedbanks,ledges,andcliffs.AlongroadtoSusannaberg (A696).Also onSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolaGreaterAntillesandLesserAntilles. 1b. Adiantum fragile var. rigidulum(Mett. ex Kuhn)Proctor,Mem.NewYorkBot.Gard.53: 143.1989.

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Distribution: Occasional in habitat similar to that of A. fragile var. fragile. Surroundings of Bethany (B263). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas Puerto Rico (including Vieques),JamaicaandexpectedinHispaniola. 2.Adiantumtenerum Sw.,Prodr.135.1788. Distribution: Acommonfernofshadedrockyhillsides,banks,andcliffs.FishBayGut (A2494).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomassouthernUnitedStates,Bahamas,GreaterAntilles, CaymanIslands,LesserAntilles,CentralAmerica,andnorthernSouthAmerica. 3.ASPLENIUML. Keytothespecies 1.Aspleniumpumilum Sw.,Prodr.129.1788. Distribution: Commononshadedearthyorrockybanks.MahoBay(A2526).Alsoon St. Thomas Florida, Greater Antilles, LesserAntilles,Tobago,andcontinentaltropicalAmerica fromMexicotoPeruandBrazil,reportedinAfrica. 4.BLECHNUML. 1.BlechnumoccidentaleL.,Sp.Pl.1077.1753. Distribution: Common on shaded banks or roadsides. Bordeaux Mountain (A2596). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolawidespreadfromFloridatoArgentina.

5.DORYOPTERISJ.Sm. 1.Doryopterispedata (L.)Fe,Mm.Foug.5:133.1852. Distribution: Shaded rocky or earthy banks in humid areas. Coral Bay Quarter along CenterLineRoad(A2416)Susannaberg(A714).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasGreaterand LesserAntilles,CentralandSouthAmerica,andtheGalapagosIslands. 6.HEMIONITISL. 1.Hemionitispalmata L.,Sp.Pl.1077.1753. Distribution: Common on shaded earth banks or humus in secondary humid forests. BordeauxMountain(A2595)CinnamonBayalongNorthShoreroad(A3518).AlsoonSt.Croix, St. Thomas andTortola GreaterandLesserAntilles,Trinidad,andcontinentaltropicalAmerica fromMexicotoBolivia. 7.NEPHROLEPISSchott Reference: Morton, C. V. 1958. Observation on cultivated ferns, V. The species and formsofNephrolepis.Amer.FernJ.48:1827. Keytothespecies 1. Costae glabrous on adaxial side or essentially so (rarely bearing a few deciduous, scattered fibrillosescales)rhizomeandstipeclothedwithspreading,narrow,yellowishbrown,fiberlike scalesindusiumroundcordatetokidneyshapedwithopen,UshapedsinusN.exaltata

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1.Costaeclothedonadaxialsidewithfewtonumerousveryshort(0.20.3mm)brownishseptate hairs (longer hairs present or absent) rhizome and base of stipe bearing scattered blackish, closely appressed scales with whitish minutelyfimbriatemarginsindusiumroundwithnarrow sinus.N.multiflora 1.Nephrolepisexaltata (L.)Schott,Gen.Fil.,t.3.1834. Distribution: Uncommon on shaded banks, borders of thickets or in secondary forests. Upper slopes and summit of Bordeaux Mountain (P40433).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas and TortolacosmopolitanbutperhapsnaturallydistributedinFlorida,theBahamas,GreaterAntilles, andMexico. 2.Nephrolepismultiflora(Roxb.)F.M.JarrettexC.V.Morton,Contr.U.S.Natl.Herb.38:309. 1974. Distribution: Apioneerplant,occasionalinopendisturbedareassuchasclearings,open banks and roadsides. Susannaberg (A2085). Also on Anegada, Guana Island, St. Croix, St. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordanativetoIndiaandtropicalAsiabutwidelynaturalizedinthe Neotropics. 8.ODONTOSORIA(C.Presl)Fe 1.Odontosoriaaculeata (L.)J.Sm.,Cult.Ferns67.1857. Distribution: Occasional in shaded, moist, disturbed areas. Along road to Bordeaux (A2095).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolaPuertoRico,CubaandHispaniola. 9.PITYROGRAMMALink Keytothespecies 1. Blades lanceolate to oblongtriangular (the lowest pinnae usually not the longest) rhizome scaleslongfilamentousatapexP.calomelanos 1.Bladestriangular(thelowestpinnaethelongest)rhizomescalesshortacuminate P.chrysophylla var.gabrielae 1.Pityrogrammacalomelanos(L.)Link, Handbuch3:20.1833. Distribution: Occasional in rocky banks and in crevices of old buildings and ruins. AlongroadtoBordeaux(A3132)UpperslopesandsummitofBordeauxMountain(P40437)SE of Peter Peak (P40430). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola tropical and subtropical AmericaandAfrica,naturalizedelsewhereinwarmregions. 2. Pityrogramma chrysophylla (Sw.) Linkvar. gabrielae Domin, Rozpr. Krl. Cesk Spolecn. Nauk.Tr.Mat.Prr.2:151.1929. Distribution: Occasional on rocky slopes and crevices of old masonry walls at low elevations nearthesea.AnnabergRuins (P40452).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortola PuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles. 10.POLYPODIUML. Keytothespecies 1.FrondspinnatisectP.aureum 1.Frondssimple.

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2. Sori uniseriate on either side of the midrib (rachis) rhizomes slender and elongate fronds scattered,notfasciculate. 3. Sori round, bearing inconspicuous hairlike paraphyses, these simple or branched fronds oftensomewhatdimorphic. 4.Rhizomefiliform,0.51mmthickfrondtissueofthintexture.P.heterophyllum 4. Rhizome cordlike, 22.5 mm thick frond tissue of firm or leathery texture P. lycopodioides 3. Sori oblong to linear, bearing scalelike peltate paraphyses (thesesoondeciduous)fronds notdimorphicP.astrolepis 2. Sori multiseriate on either side ofthemidrib(rachis)rhizomes short andsubwoody fronds fasciculate. 5.Stipevirtuallyabsentorusuallylessthan5cmlong,lessthan1/10thelengthoftheblade blades gradually attenuate at base, the margins plane, the tissue light green primaryvein areolesusuallydividedinto2secondaryareolesbyasingleexcurrentveinletP.phyllitidis 5.Stipeusually518cmlong,to1/3 thelengthoftheblade blades cuneateoracuminateat base,themarginswavy,thetissuedarkgreenprimaryveinareolesmoreorlessirregularly dividedinto3unequalsecondaryareolesby2excurrentveinlets.P.latum 1.PolypodiumastrolepisLiebm.,Kongel. DanskeVidensk. Selsk. Naturvidensk. Math.Afh.II,1:185.1849. Distribution: Occasional in moist forest. Based on a visual record by G.R. Proctor. AlsointheGreaterandLesserAntilles,Tobago,Trinidad,andcontinentaltropicalAmericafrom MexicotoBoliviaandBrazil. 2.Polypodiumaureum L.,Sp.Pl.1087.1753. Distribution: Common in moist forests. Bordeaux Mountain (A5110) Trail to Sieben (A2070). Also on St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda Florida,Bahamas,Greater andLesserAntilles,Trinidad,andcontinentaltropicalAmerica. 3.Polypodiumheterophyllum L.,Sp.Pl.1083.1753. Distribution: Occasional, creeping on rocks or epiphytic in moist forests or in moist pockets in dry forests. Bordeaux Mountain (A1907) White Cliffs (A2037). Also on St. Croix and Virgin Gorda Florida, Bahamas, Greater Antilles, Cayman Islands, andthenorthernLesser Antilles. 4.Polypodiumlatum (T.Moore)T.Moore exSodiro,Crypt.Vasc.Quit.371.1894. Distribution: Occasional on rocks and shaded tree trunks in most forests. Bordeaux Mountain (A2612). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas Florida, Greater and Lesser Antilles, Trinidad,andcontinentaltropicalAmericafromMexicotoColombiaandVenezuela. 5.PolypodiumlycopodioidesL.,Sp.Pl.1082.1753. Distribution: Epiphyticontreesinmoistforests.UpperslopesandsummitofBordeaux Mountain(P40434). AlsoonTortolapantropical. 6.PolypodiumphyllitidisL.,Sp.Pl.1083. 1753. Distribution: Occasional epiphyte in moist forests. Coral Bay (A2113) Susannaberg (A694).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaFlorida,Bahamas,GreaterAntilles,Cayman

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Islands, Lesser Antilles, Tobago, Trinidad and continental tropical America from Mexico to Uruguay. 11.PTERISL. Keytothespecies 1. Plant 1530 cm tall blades 1pinnate, none of the pinnae lobed or forked veins all free P. vittata 1.Plant11.5mtallblades1pinnatepinnatisect,thebasalpinnaeforkedbasalveinsjoinedina narrowcostalarc,theotherveinsfree.P.biaurita 1.Pterisbiaurita L.,Sp.Pl.1076.1753. Distribution: Occasionalongroundofmoistforest.CinnamonBayTrail(A4230).Also onSt.Croixand St.Thomaspantropical. 2.Pterisvittata L.,Sp.Pl.1074.1753. Distribution: Occasional in crevices of old walls. Annaberg Ruins (A2924). Also on GuanaIsland,St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolanativetotheOldWorldtropics,butnaturalized inmanypartsoftheCaribbean. 12.THELYPTERISSchmidel Keytothespecies 1.Soriindusiate(atleastwhenyoung)allhairssimple. 2.Basalveins ofsomeoralladjacentsegmentsunitedbelowthesinus,producinganexcurrent veinletleadingtowardthesinus. 3.Rhizomecreepingundersideofcostaebearinghairsofuniformlength,to0.2mmlong.T. dentata 3.Rhizomeerectorascendingundersideofcostaebearinghairsofvariablelength,from0.3to 5mmlong T.hispidula var.inconstans 2.Basalveinsofadjacentsegmentsallfreeorconniventatthesinusrhizomecreeping,clothed atapexwithnarrowciliatescalesT.kunthii 1.Sorilackingindusiahairsveryminute,forkedorstellate,presentatleastonrhizomescalesand towardbaseofstipe. 4.Pinnae618pairs,13cmwide,themarginsdeeplylobedorpinnatifidonlylowermostpairs ofadjacentveinsjoined.T.tetragona 4.Pinnae25(6)pairs,36cmwide,themarginssubentiretocoarselycrenatelower35pairs ofadjacentveinsjoined,eachpairgivingrisetoafreeexcurrentveinletT.poiteana 1.Thelypterisdentata (Forssk.)E.P.St.John,Amer.FernJ.26:44.1936. Distribution: Occasionalinmoist,disturbedhabitats.VisuallyrecordedbyG.R.Proctor. Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola apparently indigenous to the Old World but now pantropical. 2.Thelypterishispidula (Decne.)C.F.Reed var.inconstans 70:89.1980. (C.Chr.)Proctor,Amer.FernJ.

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Distribution: Occasional on shaded banks. Rosenberg (B299, B536). Also on St. ThomasandTortolaGreaterandLesserAntilles. 3.Thelypteriskunthii (Desv.)Morton,Contr.U.S.Natl.Herb.38:53.1967. Distribution: Locallycommononroadsidebanks andditches,pastures,forestclearings and among stones beside streams and rivers. Battery Gut (A5280). Also on St. Thomas and Tortola PuertoRico,Bahamas,GreaterandLesserAntilles(rare),CaymanIslands,southeastern UnitedStates,andsoutheasternMexicotoCentralAmerica. 4.Thelypterispoiteana (Bory)Proctor,Bull.Inst.Jamaica,Sci.Ser.5:63.1953. Distribution: Occasionalinmoistforestunderstory.VisuallyrecordedbyG.R.Proctor. Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola Greater and Lesser Antilles, Tobago, Trinidad, and continentaltropicalAmericafromGuatemalatoPeruandBrazil. 5.Thelypteristetragona (Sw.)Small,FernsS.E.States256.1938. Distribution: Occasionalinmoistforests.BordeauxMountain(A3191)MahoBayGut (A2104). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola Florida, Greater and Lesser Antilles, Trinidad,andcontinentaltropicalAmericafromMexicotoEcuadorandBrazil.

5.PSILOTACEAE
_______________________________________

1.PSILOTUMSw. 1.Psilotumnudum (L.)P.Beauv.,Prodr.Aethogam.112.1805. Distribution: Inunderstoryofmoistforests.BordeauxMountain(A1908).AlsoonSt. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordapantropical.

DICOTYLEDONS =============================================================== KeytotheFamilies 1.Leavesreducedtoscales(<2mmlong),orwanting.Key1 1.Leaveswithwelldevelopedblades. 2.LeavescompoundKey2 2.Leavessimple.Key3

KEY1 1.Leaveswantingplantsgreen,notparasitic,succulent,globose,tubular,orflattenedwithjoints, withnumerousgroupsofspinesCactaceae 1.Leavesreducedtoscales(<2mmlong).

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2. Pinelike tree twigs pineneedlelike, green, cylindrical, ca. 2 mm wide, drooping leaves whorled,formingasheathatthenode.Casuarinaceae 2. Slender, vinelike parasites, anchoring to host plant by means of haustoria stems yellowish,3mmindiam.leavesalternate. 3.Inflorescenceaspikeanthersopeningby2flapsperianthof3tepalsstyle1Lauraceae (Cassytha) 3.Inflorescenceacymeanthersopeningbylongitudinalslitsperianthofatubularcorolla styles2Cuscutaceae

KEY2 1.Leavesopposite. 2.Inflorescenceoflongpeduncledheadflowersminute Asteraceae(Bidens) 2.Inflorescenceofpaniclesorcymesflowerssmalltolarge. 3.Petals5,freestamens10. 4. Leaves trifoliolate leaflets aromatic, with numerous translucent oil glands stipules wanting Rutaceae(Amyris) 4.Leavespinnatelycompoundleafletsnotaromatic,norwithtranslucentoilglandsstipules presentZygophyllaceae 3.Petals49,connateintoatubularcorollastamens25. 5.Tendrilledortwiningliana. 6.Corolla49lobedovaryof4carpelsstamens2fruitaberry .Oleaceae(Jasminummultiflorum) 6. Corolla 5lobed ovary of 2 carpels stamens typically 4 fruit a 2valvate capsule Bignoniaceae 5.Shrubsorsmalltrees. 7. Corolla 810 mm long, violetovary4locular fruit afleshyellipsoiddrupe810mm long,14seeded.Verbenaceae(Vitex) 7. Corolla at least 1.5 cm long, variously colored ovary 2locular fruit a 2valvate capsulemanyseeded Bignoniaceae (Tabebuia,Tecoma) 1.Leavesalternate. 8.Flowerszygomorphic. 9.Tendrilledvinespetalswithapetaloidappendageatbasewithin Sapindaceae(inpart) 9.Trees,shrubs,herbsornontendrilledvinespetalswithoutappendages. 10. Leaves palmately compound petals 4 ovary borne on a gynophore. Capparaceae (Cleome) 10.Leavespinnatelyorternatelycompoundpetals5ovarynotborneonagynophore. 11.Carpels3fruita3valvedcapsule.Moringaceae 11.Carpels1fruitalegumeopeningbytwovalves.Fabaceae 8.Flowersactinomorphic. 12.Vines. 13.Tendrilled vinesleavestrifoliolate Vitaceae 13.Twiningvinesleavespalmatelycompound Convolvulaceae (Merremiainpart) 12.Trees,shrubsorherbs. 14.Herbs. 15.Plantprostrateleavestrifoliolatecorollayellowcapsulecylindrical,loculicidal,5 locular.Oxalidaceae

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15. Plant erect leaves pinnately dissected corolla white capsule circular to ovoid, schizocarpic(separatinginto2mericarps),2locular.Apiaceae 14.Treesorshrubs. 16.Leavespalmatelycompound. 17. Plant unarmed stamens nearly sessile flowers 45 mm long ovary locules uniovularstyles5,distinctAraliaceae 17.Plantarmedstamenswithlongfilamentsflowers2.53cmlongovarylocules multiovularstyle1.Bombacaceae (Ceiba) 16.Leavespinnatelycompoundortrifoliolate. 18.Stamensconnateintoacolumn.Meliaceae 18.Stamensfree. 19.Leafletsaromatic,withtranslucentoilglands.Rutaceae 19.Leafletsnotaromatic,withouttranslucentoilglands. 2 0. Flowers congested in globose, conical or cylindrical inflorescences stamensnumerousfruitaflattenedlegume Fabaceae (Mimosoideae) 20.Flowersinpaniclesorracemesstamens310fruitotherwise. 21.Treewitharomaticresin barksmooth,reddish,peelingoffinpaper likesheetsBurseraceae 21. Trees or shrubs, without aromatic resin bark rough, brownish or grayish,notpeelingofflikeabove. 22. Fruit a dehiscent capsule seeds without a fleshy coat, or with fleshycoatonlyatbase. 23.Seedsnotwinged,arillateatbase Sapindaceae(Cupania) 23.Seedswithaterminalwing,notarillate.Meliaceae(Cedrela) 22. Fruit an indehiscent drupe or 1seeded berry seeds or stone completelysurroundedbyafleshycoat. 24.Fruitsof25apicallyfree,leathery,monocarpsofequalsize,or with only one welldeveloped cocci and an abortive, smaller one. 25. Monocarps 25, well developed, subtended by an enlarged receptacleleavespinnatelycompound Simaroubaceae 25. Monocarps 2, usually one of them abortive leaves trifoliolate Sapindaceae(Allophylus) 24.Fruitsellipsoidtosubglobose,leatheryorfleshy,notseparable intomonocarps. 26. Floral disk extrastaminal fruit a leathery berry, green at maturity Sapindaceae (Exothea,Melicoccus) 26. Floral disk intrastaminal fruit a fleshy or woody drupe, yellow,red,orpurpleatmaturity Anacardiaceae

KEY3 1.Leavesoppositeorwhorled. 2.Plantsproducingamilkyoryellowishlatex. 3.Leaveswhorled.

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4. Leaves 611 per node, ovate, deltoid or rounded, longpetiolate bark blackish brown, paperyEuphorbiaceae(Euphorbiapetiolaris) 4. Leaves 4 per node, oblong or elliptic, shortpetiolate bark grayish to light brown, thickened Apocynaceae(Rauvolfia) 3.Leavesopposite. 5. Flowers unisexual, naked, minute, enclosed in a cuplike involucre (cyathium) Euphorbiaceae (Chamaesyce) 5.Flowers bisexualorunisexual,withcalyxandashowycorolla,smalltolarge,produced oncymoseinflorescences,notsubtendedbyaninvolucre. 6. Flowers bisexual or unisexual latex yellowish corolla of free petals stamens numerousfruitamultilocularcapsuleseedscoveredbyafleshycoatClusiaceae 6.Flowersbisexuallatexmilkycorollaofconnatepetals,shorttolongtubularstamens 5fruitof2folliclesseedsusuallywithatuftoflonghairsatapex. 7.Coronapresentstamens fusedtoformasheatharoundtheovary,andunitedtothe stigmaheadtoformagynostegium Asclepiadaceae 7. Corona wanting the anthers distinct ormoreorless connivent aroundthestyle,not formingagynostegium Apocynaceae 2.Plantsnotproducinglatex. 8.PlantsparasiticonshrubortreebranchesLoranthaceae 8.Plantsautotrophic(notparasitic). 9. Flowers naked or perianth present, with calyx and corolla similar in size, texture and color,sometimespetaloid,orthepetalswanting. 10.Flowersunisexual. 11. Perianth of sepals connate into a funnelshaped petaloid calyx stems internally with islandsofincludedphloem Nyctaginaceae 11. Perianth of free or basally connate tepals stems internally without islands of included phloem. 12. Woody shrubs, with coriaceous, ovateleavestepals 48,connateat baseintoashort cupshapedperianth.Oleaceae(Forestiera) 12.Herbsorweakstemmedshrubs,withfleshyleavestepals4,freetobase. 13.Weakstemmedshrubsleaveslinear,cylindricalincrosssection,12cmlongplants ofsaltflatsandothercoastalsalineareasBataceae 13.Fleshyherbsleavesovate,roundorobovate,fleshyorchartaceousofdiversehabitats butnotasabove Urticaceae(Pilea) 10.Flowersbisexual. 14.Flowerswithoutperianth.Piperaceae(Peperomiainpart) 14.Flowerswithperianth. 15. Tepals free to base stamens with filaments basally connate into a short to elongate tube.Amaranthaceae 15.Sepalsbasallyorwhollyconnatestamenswith filamentsfreeoradnatetothecalyx. 16.Plantsfleshy,prostratesepalsbasallyconnatefruitsmanyseededstemsinternally withoutislandsofincludedphloem.Aizoaceae 16. Plants herbaceous to woody (not fleshy), erect or scandent sepals connate into a funnelshapedstructurefruitaoneseededanthocarpstems(internally)usuallywith islandsofincludedphloem Nyctaginaceae 9.Flowerswithdistinctcalyxandcorolla. 17.Stamens2.

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18.Fruitfleshy,indehiscent.Oleaceae 18.Fruitcapsular,openingalonglongitudinalvalvesAcanthaceae(inpart) 17.Stamens4tonumerous. 19.Petalsdistinct. 20.Ovaryinferior. 21. Leaf blades with scattered translucent dots plants usually aromatic stamens numerousMyrtaceae 21.Leafbladeswithouttranslucentdotsplantsnotaromaticstamens810. 22.Petalswhite,elongated,muchlongerthanthecalyxlobesleafbladeswith37 main arcuate veins anthers lanceolate, opening by a terminal pore or longitudinalslits Melastomataceae 22. Petals greenish or pink (turning bright red with age), minute, as long as or shorter thanthecalyx leafblades pinnatelyveined anthers ovoidorellipsoid openingbylongitudinalslitsCombretaceae 20.Ovarysuperior. 23.Plantsherbaceous,withsucculentleavesand stems.Portulacaceae 23.Plantsherbaceousorwoody,notfleshy. 24.Stamenstwiceasmany(sometimesasmany)asthepetalsormorenumerous. 25.Stipules foliaceous,coveringtheterminalbuds,earlydeciduous,leavinga scartreesofmangroveswamps.Rhizophoraceae 25.Stipuleswantingherbs,shrubsortreesofterrestrialhabitats. 26. Calyx with 45 pairs of glands at the outer base of the sepals plants usually with "t"shaped hairs or bristles petals long clawed Malpighiaceae 26. Calyx not glandular, forming a hypanthium plant glabrous or with simplehairspetalsnotclawed,adnatetothehypanthium Lythraceae 24.Stamensasmanyasthepetalsnectarydiskannular,basaltotheovary 27. Stamens opposite to petals petals concave, surrounding the stamens leaves with entire margins Rhamnaceae (Krugiodendron,Reynosia) 27.Stamensalternatetopetalspetalsplane,spreadingleaveswithcrenatemargins Celastraceae (Cassine,Crossopetalum) 19.Petalsconnateintoatubularorfunnelshapedcorolla. 28.Stipulespresent(maybeearlydeciduous,checkforstipulescarswhenindoubt). 29.Ovarysuperior.Loganiaceae 29.OvaryinferiorRubiaceae 28.Stipuleswanting. 30. Leaves withlinearcystoliths (prominent whitish,short lines,mostlyonuppersurface). Acanthaceae 30.Leaveswithoutcystoliths. 31. Leaves fleshy, usually producing plantlets(asexualreproduction)alongthemargins Crassulaceae 31.Leaveschartaceoustocoriaceous,notfleshy,notproducingplantletsatmargins. 32.OvaryinferiorflowersproducedindenseheadsAsteraceae 32.Ovarysuperiorflowersinracemes,spikes,cymesorrarelyinheads. 33.Ovary2locular. 34.Stamens5fruitanelongatedfollicle,oradrupe.

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35. Erect herbs or subshrubs leaves subopposite or whorled fruit a globose or 4lobed drupe inflorescencelong,scorpioidBoraginaceae (Heliotropium) 35. Twining vines leaves opposite fruit of a pair of elongated follicles inflorescenceathyrselikecyme.Apocynaceae (Prestonia) 34.Stamens4fruitcapsular. 36.Capsulewithouthoodlikeplacentaltissue Scrophulariaceae 36. Capsule with persistent hoodlike placental tissue. Acanthaceae (Stenandrium,Thunbergia) 33.Ovary4locularcorollairregular,bilabiatestamens4. 37.StylebornefromthebaseofcarpelsorbetweenloculesLamiaceae 37.Styleterminalonovary.Verbenaceae 1.Leavesalternate. 38.Plantsproducingmilkyoryellowishlatexorexudate. 39. Stipules present, persistent or deciduous leaving a conspicuous scar flowers unisexual, usuallyminuteorsmall. 40. Stipules large, deciduous, contorted into a coneshaped hood that protects the apical meristem Moraceae 40. Stipules minute to large, persistent or deciduous, paired, not forming a hood that protectstheapicalmeristem Euphorbiaceae 39.Stipuleswanting. 41. Plant producing yellowish latex corolla of free petals stamens numerous Papaveraceae 41.Plantproducingmilkylatexcorollatubularstamensasmanyasthecorollalobes. 42.Ovarysuperior. 43. Flowers unisexual (plants usually dioecious) plants usually palmlike, with a weak trunk (usually unbranched & with numerous leaf scars) and a crown of large,longpetioledleaves.Caricaceae 43.Flowersbisexualplantnotasabove. 44. Shrubs or trees corolla cupshaped or tubular < 1.5 cm long fruit fleshy, indehiscentseedswithalargeventralscarSapotaceae 44. Herbs, twining vines or shrubs corolla funnelshaped, trumpedshaped or saucershaped,>3cmlong(except forthesaucershapedoneswhichcouldbe assmallas1cmlong)fruitdry,dehiscentseedswithoutascar. 45. Fruit a pair of spreading follicles, 1014 cm long seeds numerous, witha tuftoflonghairsatapexApocynaceae(Plumeria) 45.Fruitcapsular,2locular,<1.5cmlongseeds24,usuallywithouthairs Convolvulaceae 42.Ovaryinferior. 46. Flowers solitary in leaf axils corolla white, 818 cm long leaves attenuate at base,thepetiolenotwingedfruitacapsule.Campanulaceae 46.Flowerscongestedindenseheadscorollayellow,811mmlongleavesclasping at base, or sometimes attenuate with a winged petiole fruit an achene. Asteraceae(Launaea,Sonchus) 38.Plantsnotproducingacoloredlatexorexudate. 47.Vinesorclimbingshrubs. 48.Plantsclimbingbytendrils. 49.Tendrilsoppositetoleaves.

14
50.Flowers unisexual corollatubular ovaryinferior,withparietalplacentation inflorescencesofaxillary,simpleorcompoundracemes.Cucurbitaceae 50. Flowers bisexual corolla of free petals ovary superior, with basal placentationinflorescencesofcymesorpaniclesoppositetheleavesVitaceae 49.Tendrilsaxillary,basalordistaloninflorescence. 51.Tendrils distaloninflorescenceperianthof5similartepals.Polygonaceae (Antigonon) 51. Tendrils axillary or basal on inflorescence perianth of distinct calyx and corollaordistinctcalyx,corolla(sometimeswanting)andcorona. 52.Coronawanting ovarysessilestamensborneonreceptacle,oppositeto petalspetalsconcave,surroundingthestamensfruitdry,schizocarpic .Rhamnaceae (Gouania) 52. Corona present ovary and stamens subtended by a stipe (androgynophore)stamensnotoppositetothepetalspetalsnotasabove, orwantingfruitfleshy,indehiscentortardilydehiscentPassifloraceae 48.Twiningvinesorscramblingshrubs,withouttendrils. 53.Plantsbearingspinesorthornsonstemsandbranches. 54. Flowers unisexual, small, (< 0.5 cm), lacking corolla fruit a 1seeded drupe Ulmaceae (Celtisiguanea) 54.Flowersbisexual,large(>1.5cm)fruitswithnumerousseeds. 55. Perianth whitish, not differentiated into calyx and corolla, 2.55 cm wide ovary inferiorberryyellow Cactaceae(Pereskia) 55. Calyx green corolla white, ca. 1 cm long ovary superior berry redorange. Solanaceae 53.Plantsnotarmed. 56.Twiningvines. 57. Flowers > 4 cm long, very irregular, solitary at leaf axils calyx corollalike, inflated,constrictedbelowthetubecorollawanting.Aristolochiaceae 57.Flowers<1cmlong,regular,insimpleorbranchedinflorescencescalyxreduced corollapresent. 59.Flowersunisexual,<3mmlong. 60.Herbaceousvineinflorescenceracemoseleavesfleshy Basellaceae 60.Woodyvine inflorescenceofcymes orofsimpleorbranchedspikesleaves coriaceoustochartaceousMenispermaceae 59Flowersbisexual,>5mmlong. 61.Leavesrounded,cuneateorobtuseatbaseflowersinscorpioidcymes Boraginaceae(Tournefortiainpart) 61.Leavescordateatbaseflowersinshort,axillarycymes Convolvulaceae (Convolvulus,Jacquemontia) 56.Scramblingtoclimbingshrubsorherbs,nottwining. 62.Perianthof4tepalscross sectionofstemshowingxylemwithdiscretestrandsof phloem Phytolaccaceae (Trichostigma) 62. Perianth of calyx and corolla cross section of stems showing xylem without includedphloem. 63. Inflorescence a scorpioid cyme fruit fleshy, indehiscent, white Boraginaceae (Tournefortiahirsutissima) 63.Inflorescencesnotscorpioidfruitleatheryordry,dehiscent,green,yellowish,or brown.

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64. Calyx without stipitate glands corolla of free petals ovary subtended bya stipe(gynophore)fruitelongate,manyseeded,openingalongonesuture .Capparaceae (Capparisflexuosa) 64.Calyxwithstipitateglandsexternallycorollatrumpetshapedovarysessile fruita1seeded,valvatecapsule.Plumbaginaceae 47.Herbs,shrubsortrees,notclimbing. 65.Ovaryinferior. 66.Corollatubular. 67.Flowersinheadsfruitdry,1seeded(achene),usuallycrownedbybristles,scalesor awnsAsteraceae 67.Flowersinaxillarycymes,racemesorsolitaryfruitadrupe. 68. Shrubs of sandy sea coasts leaves rigidcoriaceous, entire corolla strongly asymmetrical,thetube1.52cmlongdrupenearlyglobose,black Goodeniaceae 68.Trees offorestedareasleavescoriaceous,serratecorollasymmetrical,thetube 57mmlongdrupeellipsoid,darkblue Symplocaceae 66.Corollaoffreepetalsorwanting. 69.Treesorshrubsflowers<5mmlong,corollawanting Combretaceae 69.Herbsflowersca.2cmlongcorollaoffreeyellowpetalsOnagraceae 65.Ovarysuperiororpartlyinferior. 70.Flowersunisexual. 71.Ovaryunilocular. 72.Herborsubshrubs. 73. Subshrub, usually with stinging hairs fruit an oblique achene Urticaceae (Laportea) 73.Herbs,withoutstinginghairsfruitanutricle. 74. Plants canescent flowers solitary or in glomerules utricles indehiscent Chenopodiaceae 74. Plants not canescent flowers in spicate inflorescences utricles dehiscent.Amaranthaceae(Amaranthus) 72.Trees,smalltreesorshrubs. 75. Fruit a crescentshaped nut, subtended by a fleshy hypocarp (receptacle) Anacardiaceae (Anacardium) 75.Fruitadrupe,aberry,orofmultipleachenes. 76.Stipuleswanting. 77.Trunkwithbranchedspinesleavesserratefruitaredberry Flacourtiaceae (Xylosma) 77. Trunk smooth, without spines leaves entire fruit a green or white drupe. 78. Drupe subtended by a cupule tepals 6, spreading stamens 9, the anthersopeningby4minuteflaps.Lauraceae (Ocoteainpart) 78.Drupenotsubtendedbyacupulecalyxconical,of4connatesepals stamens8,theanthersopeningbylongitudinalslitsThymelaeaceae 76.Stipulespresent. 79. Rapid growing, palmlike trees, with 13 crowns of long petioledleavesstipuleslarge,deciduous,contortedintoacone shapedhoodthatprotectstheapicalmeristemflowersnaked,in amentsfruitsmultiple(offusedachenes).Cecropiaceae

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79. Shrubs or small, branched trees, with shortpetioled leaves scattered along stems stipules minute flowers apetalous, in cymesorfasciclesfruitadrupe. 80.Perianthof5sepalsstamens5styles2flowersinaxillary cymes.Ulmaceae 80. Perianth of 4 sepals stamens 36 style 1 flowers in axillaryfascicles(Drypetes) 71.Ovary(2)3(5)locular. 81.Fruitdry,capsular.Euphorbiaceae 81.Fruitfleshy,adrupeoraberry. 82.Brancheswithaxillaryspinesleavescongestedonshortaxillarybranchesflowers paired or solitary petals connate into a funnelshaped corolla Boraginaceae (Rochefortia) 82. Branches without spines leaves not congested flowers in cymes, fascicles or racemespetalsfreeorwanting. 83.Corollawantinginflorescenceracemose,cauliflorousdrupe68lobed,yellow Euphorbiaceae(Phyllanthusacidus) 83. Corolla of free petals inflorescence of axillary fascicles or cymes drupe globose,ellipsoidorovoidredoryellowtoorange. 84.Ovary45locular sepalsimbricatestigmasessiledrupeglobose,red,48 seeded Aquifoliaceae 84. Ovary 2locular stigma with 2 spreading lobes drupe ellipsoid to ovoid, yellowtored,2seeded Celastraceae(Schaefferia) 70Flowerbisexual. 85. Perianth reduced,theflowereithernakedorrepresentedbyawhorloftepals orsepals (theflowerthenapetalous). 86.Flowersnaked Piperaceae 86.Flowerswitheithertepalsorsepals. 87.Herbs. 88.Perianthof2seriesoftepals.Amaranthaceae(Amaranthus) 88.Perianthofoneseriesof45sepals. 89.Leavesinarosetteatbaseinflorescencesscaposefruitadehiscentcapsule Molluginaceae 89.Leavescauline,alternatealongstemsinflorescencesaxillaryfruitadrupe, acheneoranutricle. 90.Filamentsunitedatbaseintoashortcupfruitacircumscissileutricle .Amaranthaceae(Celosia) 90.Filamentsfreetobasefruitsindehiscent. 91. Stamens as many as the sepals and opposite them styles 3, free to basefruitanutricle Chenopodiaceae 91.Stamens4andalternatethesepals,orupto8andthenintwoseries style simple or wanting fruit a drupe or a hooked achene Phytolaccaceae 87.Shrubsorsmalltrees. 92. Leaves whorled calyx funnelshaped cross section of stem with includedislandsofphloem.Nyctaginaceae 92. Leaves alternate perianth cupshaped cross section of stem without includedislandsofphloem.

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93. Stipules wanting anthers opening by 4 minute flaps fruit usually subtendedbyacupularstructure.Lauraceae 93. Stipules present anthers opening by longitudinal slits fruit not subtendedbyacupularstructure. 94.Stipules minute leaves serrate,withtranslucent lineationsfruit dehiscentorindehiscentseedsfewtomany.Flacourtiaceae 94. Stipules connate around the stem into an ocrea leaves entire without lineations fruit indehiscent seed one per fruit Polygonaceae(Coccoloba) 85.Perianthofcalyxandcorolla. 95.Corollagamopetalous. 96.Corollazygomorphic. 97.Corollatrumpetshaped Solanaceae(Brunfelsia) 97.Corollafunnelorbellshaped. 98.Corolla3.56cmlongfruit>6cmlong.Bignoniaceae(Amphitecna,Crescentia) 98.Corollato2cmlongfruitto1.5cmlong 99.Corollaca.2cmlong,yellowwithpurpleblotchesfruitayellowish,leathery drupe.Myoporaceae 99.Corolla<1cmlong,whitefruitasepticidalcapsule.Scrophulariaceae 96.Corollaactinomorphic. 100. Leaves in a rosette at base plant stemless inflorescence a scapose spike. Plantaginaceae 100.Leavescauline,alternateorwhorled. 101.Leavesinwhorlsof4Loganiaceae 101.Leavesalternate. 102.Flowersandorleaveswithdarkpunctationsorlineations. 103.Flowerspunctateorlineate,inaxillaryracemespetaloidstaminodes present filaments basally connate leaves not punctate or lineate. Theophrastaceae 103. Flowers with orange punctations, in terminal panicles staminodes wanting filaments adnate to corolla tube leaves dark punctate. Myrsinaceae 102.Flowersandleavesnotpunctateorlineate. 104.Ovary4locularflowersinscorpioidcymes.Boraginaceae 104.Ovary2or3locularflowersincymes,racemesorsolitary. 105. Bracteoles connate into an epicalyx ovary 3locular, partly inferior stamens opposite the corolla lobes Olacaceae (Schoepfia) 105. Bracteoles not forming an epicalyx ovary 2locular, superior stamensalternatetocorollalobes. 106.Fruitaberry Solanaceae 106.Fruitacapsule. 107.Capsulemanyseeded Scrophulariaceae(Capraria) 107.Capsule4seeded Convolvulaceae(Evolvulus) 95.Corollaofdistinctpetals. 108.Stipulespresent. 109.Fleshyherbs.Portulacaceae 109.Subshrubs,shrubsortrees.

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110.Stylegynobasic. 111. Corolla white to cream carpels connate into a fleshy drupe Chrysobalanaceae 111.Corollayellowcarpelsseparatingatmaturity. 112. Fruits of distinct monocarps subtended by a fleshy receptacle. Ochnaceae 112. Fruits of distinct nutlets, not subtended by a fleshy receptacle Surianaceae 110.Styledistalonovary. 113.Ovarysubtendedbyagynophorefruitsnarrow,elongatedandopening alongonesutureorirregularlysplitting,orindehiscentandglobosewith numerousseedsinside.Capparaceae 113.Ovarysessilefruitotherwise. 114.Petalswithapetaloidappendageatbasewithin.Erythroxylaceae 114.Petalswithoutappendages. 115.Filamentsconnateintoatubearoundtheovary. 116.Fruitindehiscent,slightlyfleshy,fibrous,nearlygloboseto ellipsoid tree with many whorled horizontal branches at differentheightsBombacaceae(Quararibea) 116. Fruit dehiscent, dry, a capsule or a legume, or if indehiscent then not fleshy or fibrous herbs, shrubs or trees,notbranchedasabove. 117. Flower zygomorphic, with keel, wing, and standard petalsFabaceae 117.Floweractinomorphic,petalsallalike. 118.Antherswith4pollensacs(locules)Sterculiaceae 118.Antherswith2pollensacs(locules)Malvaceae 115.Filamentsfree. 119.Stamensnumerous. 120.Shrubs,usuallywithstarshapedtrichomesleafblades notglandularfruitdry, capsularTiliaceae 120. Trees glabrous or nearly so leaf blades with a pair of glands near the base fruitsfleshy. 121.Leafbladeswithimpressedglandsnearthebasemarginsentirebudswith overlappingscalesRosaceae 121.Leafbladeswithprominentglandsatthejunctionwiththepetiolemargins serratebudsnaked Flacourtiaceae(Prockia) 119.Stamens4or5. 122.Petalsconcave,surroundingthestamensRhamnaceae 122.Petalsflat,alternatingwiththestamens.Celastraceae 108.Stipuleswanting. 123.Stemswiththornsorspines. 124.Bladesaromatic,duetothepresenceoftranslucentoilglandsfruitagloboseberryor acapsule.Rutaceae (Citrus,Zanthoxyluminpart) 124.Bladesnotaromatic,withouttranslucentoilglandsfruitaglobose,leatherydrupe Olacaceae(Ximenia) 123.Plantsnotspiny. 125.Flowersfleshy,3merous.Annonaceae

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125.Flowersnotfleshy,45merous. 126.Ovarypartlyinferior,embeddedinanelongatedhypanthium.Onagraceae 126.Ovarysuperior,notembeddedinahypanthium. 127.Corollaof4petals.Brassicaceae 127.Corollaof5petals. 128. Plant spicyaromatic, especially when bruised calyx of 3 sepals corolla red stamens 10 with filaments connate into a column fruit a small (<1 in diam.), red berry.Canellaceae 128. Plant not spicy nor aromatic calyxof2or5sepalscorollayellow,yellowgreen, reddishgreenorpinkstamens5ornumerousfruitacapsule,anutoranut. 129. Fruit a crescentshaped nut, subtended by a fleshy hypocarp (receptacle) Anacardiaceae(Anacardium,Mangifera) 129.Fruitacapsule,notsubtendedbyafleshyhypocarp. 130. Trees corolla pink stamens numerous, in 24 series style simple seeds surroundedbyafleshyredcoat.Theaceae 130.Shrubsorsubshrubscorollayellow,pinkormagentastamensasmanyas ortwiceas manyas thepetalsstyles 35,distinct orunitedat baseseeds withoutafleshyredcoat. 131. Leaves nearly fleshy seeds tuberculate, without an arillode. Portulacaceae(Talinum) 131. Leaves chartaceous seeds reticulate, pitted, with a unilateral dryaril nilateraldry arilnilateraldryaril(Turneraceae)

1.ACANTHACEAE
(AcanthusFamily) ReviewedbyD.Wasshausen Keytothegenera 1.Plants25mlong,withclimbingortrailingstems. 2.Plantswoody,withaxillaryspinescorolla12cmlong Oplonia 2.Plantsherbaceouswithoutspinescorolla25cmlong. 3.Corollafunnelshaped,lilacorlightyellowcapsulesellipsoid.Asystasia 3. Corolla salverform, white or orange capsules subglobose, abruptly beaked at apex . Thunbergia 1.Plantsusuallylessthan1mtall,erectordecumbent. 4.Plantswoody,withpairedaxillaryspines. 5.Planterectcorollayellow.Barleria 5.Planterectwitharchingbranchescorollalavender Oplonia 4.Plantsherbaceous,withoutspines. 6.Plantsrosettelike,withshortinternodespetioleslongerthantheblades Stenandrium 6.Plantsnotrosettelike,withlonginternodespetiolesshorterthantheblades. 7.Flowerswith2stamens. 8. Flower solitary or few at leaf axil corolla salverform capsule clubshaped Siphonoglossa

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8. Flowers in short or elongate, terminal or axillary inflorescences corolla funnel shapedcapsulesellipsoidorflattenedellipsoid. 9. Stems 6angular calyx subtended by 2 spatulate bracteoles united at base Dicliptera 9.Stemscylindricalor4angularcalyxsubtendedby2distinctbracteoles Justicia 7.Flowerswith4stamens. 10. Flowers borne on dense, terminal, quadrangular spikes, with large foliaceous overlappingbractscorolla(0.7)11.5cmlong Blechum 10. Flowers solitary or in loose terminal or axillary cymes, bracts small, not overlappingcorolla2.24.5cmlong. Ruellia

1.ASYSTASIABlume 1.Asystasia gangetica (L.)T.Anderson in Thwaites,Enum.Pl.Zeyl.235.1860. Distribution: Introduced as an ornamental, found in gardens or escaped in disturbed areas. Cruz Bay (A3083). Also on St. Thomas and Tortola cultivated throughout the tropics, oftenescaped. 2.BARLERIAL. 1.Barleria lupulina Lindl.,Edward'sBot.Reg. 18:pl. 1483.1832. Distribution: Introduced from the Old World tropics as anornamental,nowescapedin open areas. Trail to Brown Bay (A1869, A4128). Also on St. Thomas Bahamas, Jamaica, Hispaniola,PuertoRico,andLesserAntilles. 3.BLECHUMP.Browne 1.Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.)Urb., Repert.Spec.Nov.RegniVeg.15: 323.1918. Distribution:Commonthroughouttheisland,inopenareas.AjaxPeak(A2656)Francis Bay(W172a)JohnsonBay(A2912).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda fromMexicotoSouthAmerica,includingtheWestIndies,introducedtothe OldWorldtropics. Commonname: penguinbalsam.

4.DICLIPTERAJuss.,nom.cons. 1.Dicliptera sexangularis(L.)Juss.,Ann. Mus.Natl.Hist.Nat.9:267.1807. Distribution: A roadside weed found in open or disturbed areas. Cruz Bay (A3203) Lameshur(A3150).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaBahamas,GreaterAntilles,and fromMexicotonorthernSouthAmericatoBrazil.

5.JUSTICIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Leavesnarrowlylanceolatebractsawlshaped. 2.Flowers spacedalongelongatepaniclesbracts1to2mmlong corolla89mmlong. J. pectoralis

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2. Flowers clustered in short spikes bracts 8 to 10 mm long corolla 1.62.5 mm long . J. periplocifolia 1.Leavesovateorellipticbractsspatulate,ovateordeltoid. 3.Leavesovate,pubescentstemswithlinesofhairsalongtwosidesbractsfoliaceous,ovate todeltate J.mirabiloides 3. Leaves elliptic, glabrescent stems pubescent only at nodes bracts spatulate . J. carthaginensis 1.JusticiacarthaginensisJacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.11.1760. Distribution:Uncommon,foundinopendisturbedareas.Enighed(A3927).AlsoonSt. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola. Widespread throughout the West Indies, Central America, ColombiaandVenezuela. 2.JusticiamirabiloidesLam.,Tabl.Encycl.1:39.1791. Distribution:Inmoistforestunderstory.Bordeauxarea(A2597,A3171,A3175).Also onSt.CroixandSt.ThomasandtheGreaterAntilles. 3.JusticiapectoralisJacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.11.1760. Distribution:Notcommon,mostlycultivatedinmoistgrounds.CinnamonBay(A4097). AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.Thomas.WidespreadintropicalAmerica. Commonnames:gardenbalsam,sweetmint. Uses:Locallyusedinteaforreliefofcough. 4.Justicia periplocifolia Jacq.,Collectanea5:7.1796[1797]. Distribution: A common weed from waste grounds and thickets. Bethany (B339) Bordeaux Mountain (A1894) Lameshur (A2747). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola PuertoRicoand Hispaniola.

6.OPLONIARaf. Keytothespecies 1.Axillaryspinesstraightandascending. O.microphylla 1.Axillaryspines,atleastsome,curved,reflexedorperpendiculartostem O.spinosa 1.Oplonia microphylla (Lam.)Stearn,Bull.Brit.Mus.(Nat. Hist.)Bot.4(7):307. 1971. Distribution: Frequent in coastal thickets. Salt Pond (A760) Southside Pond (A1813, W600).WidelydistributedintheWestIndies,occurringonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasJamaica, Hispaniola,PuertoRico,andLesserAntillessouthtotheGrenadines. 2.Oplonia spinosa (Jacq.)Raf.,Fl.Tellur.4:65.1838. Distribution: Common on open hillsides or in forests along ravines. Dittlif Point (A3975) Maria Bluff (A594). Also on St. Croix, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola,PuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles.

7.RUELLIAL. Keytothespecies

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1. Flowers lilac, light blue, pink, or white anthers not projecting beyond the tube leaves with entireorcrenatemarginspetiolesshort(lessthan1/4ofbladelength). 2.Rootstuberousleaveselliptic,oblong,ovateorobovate.R.tuberosa 2.Rootsfibrous,nottuberousleaveslinearornarrowlyelliptic.R.brittoniana 1.Flowersredanthersprojectingbeyondthetubeleavescrenatedentatepetioleslong(to1/3of bladelength) R.coccinea 1.Ruellia brittoniana Leonard,J.Wash.Acad.Sci.31:96.1941. Distribution:Uncommon,growingasanescapearoundsettlements.BordeauxMountain (A3244) Lameshur(W774).NativetoMexico,cultivatedthroughouttheWestIndies,andoften escaped. 2.Ruellia coccinea (L.)Vahl,Symb.Bot.3:83.1794. Distribution: Uncommon in moist forest understory. Bordeaux area (A3174, W728). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaHispaniolaandPuertoRico. 3.Ruellia tuberosa L.,Sp.Pl.635.1753. Distribution: In opendisturbedareas suchas roadsides.Annaberg(A2923) Denis Bay (M16590)Lameshur(A2756).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordawidely distributedthroughouttropicalandsubtropicalAmerica. Commonnames: Christmaspride,manyroots,minieroot. 8.SIPHONOGLOSSAOerst. 1.Siphonoglossa sessilis(Jacq.)D.N.Gibson, Fieldiana,Bot.34:82.1972. Distribution:Inopendisturbedareas.AdrianRuins(A2648)Lameshur(A2746,B641). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaPuertoRico,St.MartintoGuadeloupe, Trinidad,MargaritaIsland,andColombia. Commonname: blossom. Uses: Theplantislocallyusedformakingateaforcoldrelief. 9.STENANDRIUMNees,nom.cons. 1.Stenandrium tuberosum (L.)Urb.,Symb.Antill.4:576.1911. Distribution:Rare,gregariousinforestunderstory.Bethany(B352)FishBay(W761). AlsoonSt.ThomasPuertoRico,Hispaniola,St.MartinandGuadeloupe. 10.THUNBERGIARetz.,nom.cons. 1.Thunbergia fragransRoxb.,Pl. Coromandel.1:47.1796. Distribution: Naturalized,foundalongroadsides.Annaberg(A1928) Bethany(B253) Susannaberg (A4665). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas and Tortola native to India and Sri Lanka,butnaturalizedthroughoutthetropics. Commonname: whiteSusanvine.

2.AIZOACEAE
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(Figmarigold Family) Keytothegenera 1.Primarybranchesshort(usuallylessthan10cmlong)leavesminute(16mmlong)stamens1 5sepalswithoutadorsalkeel Cypselea 1.Primarybrancheslong(morethan15cmlong)leaves13cmlongstamens5ormoresepals withadorsalkeel. 2.Leavesoblanceolate,thickened(34mmthickwhenfresh),acuteatapexstamensnumerous Sesuvium 2.Leavesobovateorrounded,obliqueatbase,thin(lessthan2mmthickwhenfresh),obtuse, roundedandapiculateatapexstamens510.Trianthema 1.CYPSELEATurpin Amonospecificgenus,thefollowingspeciescharacterizesthegenus. 1.Cypselea humifusa Turpin,Ann.Mus.Natl. Hist.Nat.7:219.1806. Distribution: Uncommon, in marshy areas. Chocolate Hole (W709) Hurricane Hole (A2832). Also on Anegada and St. Thomas southern United States, Greater Antilles and Guadeloupe. 2.SESUVIUML. 1.Sesuviumportulacastrum (L.)L.,Syst.Nat. ed.10,2:1058.1759. Distribution: Common along saline beach dunes. Fish Bay (A2815) Ram Head Pt. (A2915). Expected to be on all islands of the Virgin Islands. A polymorphic species with pantropicaldistribution. Commonnames:seapurslane,bayflower,seapusley.

3.TRIANTHEMAL. 1.Trianthema portulacastrum L.,Sp.Pl.223. 1753. Distribution: Alongwastegroundoropenareas.Annaberg(W512)CruzBay(A2875) JohnsonBay(A3160).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolacommonthroughouttropical andsubtropicalAmerica.

3.AMARANTHACEAE
______________________________________ (Amaranth Family) Keytothegenera 1.Leavesalternate. 2.Flowerssolitaryoninflorescenceaxisovarywithmanyovules Celosia 2.Flowerscongestedalonginflorescenceaxisovarywithoneovule Amaranthus 1.Leavesopposite. 3.Plantsprostrateordecumbent,usuallymatforming. 4.Stigmacapitate Alternanthera

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4.Stigmabifid. 5.Plantsfleshyleavesoblong,linearorlanceolateinflorescencecylindrical,more than1cmlong Blutaparon 5.Plantsnot fleshy leaves elliptic inflorescenceglobose,usuallyless1cmlong Gomphrena 3.Plantserect,onemainstemormanybranchedfrombase. 6. Inflorescence terminal, paniculate, showing transition between leaves and bracts Iresine 6.Inflorescenceterminalorlateral,ofspikesornearlygloboseheads. 7. Inflorescence a spike flowers early reflexed bracteoles withspinelikeapex. Achyranthes 7. Inflorescence a nearly globose head flowers ascending, bracteoles laterally compressedwithadorsalserratecrest Gomphrena

1.Achyranthesaspera L.,Sp.Pl.204.1753. Distribution:Commoninopenordisturbedareas,especiallyalongthecoast.CruzBay (A3086). Also on Tortola and Virgin Gorda probably native to tropical Asia, but now cosmopolitan. Commonname:bettermanbetter. 2.ALTERNANTHERAForssk. Keytothespecies 1.Mostofinflorescencesonlongpeduncleslargestleafbladesover5cmlongpetioles0.55cm long.A.brasiliana 1.Allinflorescencescongestedinleafaxilsleaves<5cmlongpetioles<2cmlong. 2.Tepalslanceolate,withthreemainveins,entiremarginsandwithsimpleordendroidhairs. 3. Spreading or ascending, robust herbs, branches usually reaching 1 m long leaves elliptictoobovatetepalswithsimplehairs A.tenella 3. Trailing, slender herbs rooting at nodes, branches usually to 70 cm long leaves obovateorcirculartepalswithdendroidhairs A.crucis 2.Tepalsovatelanceolate,mostlywithone(3)mainvein,fimbriatemarginsandapexcovered withhairsbearingretrorsebarbs A.caracasana 1.Alternantherabrasiliana (L.)Kuntze, Revis.Gen.Pl.2: 537.1891. Distribution:Anescape,onlyfoundaroundsettlements.LameshuratVIERS(A3201). Also from Mexico to northern South America, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Lesser Antilles, Peru, EcuadorandBrazil. 2.Alternantheracaracasana Kunth inHumb., Bonpl.&Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 205.1818. Distribution: In waste or open ground, especially along the coast. Calabash Boom (A2873,A3109).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasandfromeasternUnitedStatestoArgentina, includingtheWestIndies. 3.Alternantheracrucis(Moq.)Bold.,Fl. DutchW.Ind.Is. 1:58.1909.

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Distribution:OnopengroundandrockyhillsidesLittleSt.JamesIsland(B1409).Also onAnegada,St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaPuertoRicoandintheLesserAntilles. 4.Alternanthera tenella Colla,Mem.Reale Accad.Sci.Torino33:131.1829. Distribution: On open ground at low elevations, mostly along the coast. Coral Bay (A2830) Reef Bay (A2728) Waterlemon Bay (A1938). Also on St. Thomas a polymorphic speciesdistributedfromMexicotoArgentinaincludingtheWestIndies. 3.AMARANTHUSL. Keytothespecies 1.Plantprostrateinflorescencesnearlyglobose,aggregatedinleafaxis A.crassipes 1.Planterectinflorescencespikelike,elongate,axillaryorterminal. 2. Plant to 0.5 m tall bracts acute or shortly acuminate at apex stamens (2)3 tepals of pistillateflowers3,shorterthanfruitstigmaaslongastheverrucosefruit A.viridis 2.Plant to1mtallbractslongacuminateatapexstamens5tepalsofpistillateflowers5, longerthanfruitstigmamuchshorterthanfruit A.dubius 1.AmaranthuscrassipesSchltdl.,Linnaea6: 757.1831. Distribution: Inopenmoisttodryareas.CoralBay(A3108)Lameshur(A2573).Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda and from southern United States to Peru, includingtheWestIndies. 2.AmaranthusdubiusMart.exThell.,Fl. Advent. Montpellier203.1912. Distribution: Acommonweedofopen,disturbedareas.CruzBay(A3077)GreatCruz Bay(A2366).AlsoonTortolaandVirginGordaincontinentaltropicalAmerica,WestIndiesand introducedtotropicalAfrica. 3.AmaranthusviridisL.,Sp.Pl.ed.2,2: 1405.1763. Distribution:Aweed,mostlyfoundinopendisturbedareas.CruzBay(A2905)Johnson Bay (A3154) East End (B1206). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Virgin Gorda widely distributedthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:lumboo,whiteymary.

4.BLUTAPARONRaf. 1.Blutaparonvermiculare(L.)Mears,Taxon 31:113.1982. Distribution: Along sandy shores. Annaberg (A2921) Fish Bay (A3903). Also on Anegada, St. Croix and St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda widespread throughout coastal areasoftropicalAmerica. Commonname:bayflower.

5.CELOSIAL. 1.Celosianitida Vahl,Symb.Bot.2:44.1791.

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Distribution:Inunderstoryofcoastalscrubsorthickets,onsandygrounds.HansenBay (A1807) Lameshur (B610). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda and in southernUnitedStates,Mexico,WestIndiesandnorthernSouthAmerica. 6.GOMPHRENAL. 1.Gomphrenaserrata L.,Sp.Pl.224.1753. Erectorprocumbentperennialherb,to30cmtall,manybranchedfromawoody Distribution: In open or disturbed areas. Lind Point (A2935). Native to tropical America,perhapsintroducedasornamentalonSt.John.Becomingaweedthroughout

7.IRESINEP.Browne,nom.cons. 1.Iresineangustifolia Euphrasn,Beskr.Ste. Barthl.165.1795. Distribution: In open or disturbed areas from sea level to 250 m. Chocolate Hole (A779) FishBay(A2469) ReefBay(A2726).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaand fromMexicotoEcuadorandBrazil,includingtheWestIndies.

4.ANACARDIACEAE
______________________________________ (Mango Family) Keytothe genera 1.Leavescompound. 2.Marginsofleafletsspinyflowers3merous.Comocladia 2.Marginsofleafletswithoutspinesflowers5merous. 3.Shruborsmalltreefruitsellipsoid,red,47mmlong Schinus 3.Largeorsmalltreesfruitsnearlygloboseorellipsoid,yellow,lightorangeorpurple, >2cmlong.Spondias 1.Leavessimple. 4.Leavesoblong,longpointedatapexpetalswithglandularridgesfruitsovate,fleshy>8 cmlong,withoutfleshyreceptacle(peduncle). Mangifera 4. Leaves obovate, roundedat apex petals without glandularridgesfruits(seed)kidney shaped,woody,<3cmlong,withafleshypedicelatbase Anacardium

1.ANACARDIUML. 1.AnacardiumoccidentaleL.,Sp.Pl.383. 1753. Distribution: This plant, presumablynativetonorthernSouthAmerica,was introduced intotheWestIndiesmanycenturiesagoforitsediblefruits.Afewindividualswerefoundalong theroadsidenearMariaBluff(A605). Common names:akaju,cashew,cashubaby,kushu. Note:Thelatexproducedbytheplantanditsfruitiscaustic,causingseveredermatitison contact.Cashewnutsmustberoastedinordertomakethemedible.Thefleshypedicel(cashew apple)isgenerallynottoxicandcanbeeatenraworpreservedinsyrup.

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2.COMOCLADIAP.Browne 1.Comocladiadodonaea (L.)Urb.,Symb. Antill.4:360.1910. Distribution:Verycommonindrycoastalscrubs.Lameshur(A745).WidespreadonJost van Dyke, St. Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda Hispaniola,PuertoRicoandinthe LesserAntilles. Common names: Christmas bush, Christmas tree, five finger, poison ash, pra pra. Note: A poisonous shrub causing severe dermatitis on contact, or inhalation of fumes fromburningstemsandleaves,similartothatproducedbypoisonivy.

3.MANGIFERAL. 1.Mangiferaindica L.,Sp.Pl.200.1753. Distribution:Commonlyplantedthroughouttheisland,persistentinsecondaryforestsin humidareas.Bordeaux(A934).Cultivatedthroughoutthetropicsforitsediblefruits. Commonnames:mangotree,mango. Note: The resin of the plant, including the fruit may cause contact dermatitis in some people.

4.SCHINUSL. 1.SchinusterebinthifoliusRaddi,Mem.Mat. Fis.Soc.Ital.Sci.Modena,Pt.Mem. Fis. 18: 399.1820. Distribution:Plantedasanornamental,afewindividualsnaturalizedinHawksnestarea. CruzBay(A5055).NativeofsouthernBrazil,ParaguayandnorthernArgentina,becomingaweed inmanytropicalandsubtropicalareas. Commonnames:Brazilianpepper,Christmasberry,wildpepper Note: Fruitsareknowntocauseallergicreactioninsomepeople.

5.SPONDIASL. Keytothespecies 1. Leaf rachis winged inflorescence < 10 cm long flowers red or purple fruits purple S. purpurea (cultivated) 1.Leafrachisnotwingedinflorescence>25cmlongflowerswhitefruitsyellowtolightorange. 2.Fruitsellipsoidtonearlyglobose,48cmlongbarksmooth .S.dulcis(cultivated) 2.Fruitsellipsoidtoobovoid,2.54cmlongbarkwarty S.mombin 1.Spondiasmombin L.,Sp.Pl.371.1753. Distribution: Perhaps a native species, common along roadsides or in secondary moist forests.CruzBay(A1963).NativetotropicalAmerica,butwidelycultivatedinthetropicsforits edible,tastyfruits.

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Commonname:hogplum. Cultivated species: Spondias dulcis Sol. ex Parkinson, known, know as the pommecythereandS.purpureaL.,thepurpleplum,arebothcultivatedonSt.Johnfortheiredible fruitshowever,neitherofthemiscommonontheisland.

5.ANNONACEAE
______________________________________ (SoursopFamily)

1.ANNONAL. Keytothespecies 1.Fruitsmooth,ripeningyellow. 2.Leavespubescentmatureflowerbudslinerlanceolate,pubescent,greenish A.reticulata 2.Leavesglabrousmatureflowerbudsovoid,glabrous,yellowish A.glabra 1.Fruitwithprojections,ripeninggreenorlightbrown. 3.Matureflowerbuds2.5cmorlonger,yellowish,andobtusely3angularovoidfruitto25 cmlong,elongatecordate,withspinelikeprojections..A.muricata 3.Matureflowerbuds11.5cmlong,green,obtusely3angular,linearlanceolatefruitsto12 cmlong,heartshaped,withroundedprojections.A.squamosa 1.Annonaglabra L.,Sp.Pl.537.1753. Distribution:Nearcoastalmangroveswampsandinlandalongwatercourses.CoralBay (A2796). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda and from FloridatoBrazil,theWestIndiesandAfrica. Commonnames:bonya,corkwood,dogapple,monkeyapple,pondapple,wildsoursop. Note:Fruitsusuallynoteatenbyhumans. 2.Annonamuricata L.,Sp.Pl.536.1753. Distribution:Mostlyfoundalongroadsidesandnearsettlements.Susannaberg(A2086). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda native to tropical America,butperhapsintroducedintheWestIndiesinpreColumbiantimes. Commonnames:soursop,susaka,sweetsop. 3.Annonareticulata L.,Sp.Pl.537.1753. Distribution: Introduced, mostly found along roadsides and near settlements. Susannaberg (A838). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola and in tropical America, includingtheWestIndies. Commonname:custard apple. 4.Annonasquamosa L.,Sp.Pl.537.1753. Distribution: Mostly found along roadsides and in secondary forests in semidryareas. CruzBay(A1962) Lameshur(A2692).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola andVirginGordaandintropicalAmerica,includingtheWestIndies. Commonname:sugarapple.

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6.APIACEAE
______________________________________ (CarrotFamily) 1.CYCLOSPERMUMLag. 1.Cyclospermumleptophyllum (Pers.) Britton&P.Wilson,Bot.PortoRico 6:52.1925. Distribution: Uncommon in moist, shaded areas. Bordeaux Mountain (W478). A pantropicalweed,probablynativetoBrazil. Note: See Kartesz & Gandhi (Phytologia 69: 129130. 1990) for a discussion of authorshipforthecombinationin Cyclospermum.

7.APOCYNACEAE
______________________________________ (Dogbane Family) Keytothegenera 1.Twining,climbingplants. 2. Plants woody, producing abundant milky latex stems coppercolored corolla bright yellow,36cmlong Pentalinon 2. Plants herbaceous to subwoody, producing watery latex stems green corolla cream colored,46mmlong.Prestonia 1.Herbs,shrubs,ortrees. 3.Corollapinkorlilac. 4. Plants herbaceous, to 1 m tall leaves chartaceous or membranous, elliptic or oblanceolate,to7cmlong.Catharanthus 4. Plants woody, to 3 mtall leaves coriaceous,oblong,ellipticoroblanceolate,1030 cmlong Nerium 3.Corollawhite,creamoryellow. 5.Corollawhiteorcream. 6.Plantsherbaceous Catharanthus 6.Plantswoody(shrubsortrees). 7. Leaves whorled (3 or 4 per node) corolla 0.90.9 cm long fruit a fleshy berry.Rauvolfia 7.Leavesalternatecorolla3.36cmlongfruitawoodyfollicle Plumeria 5.Corollayellow(cultivated) Thevetia

1.CATHARANTHUSG.Don 1.Catharanthusroseus(L.)G.Don,Gen. Hist.4:95.1837. Distribution: Introduced as an ornamental, now escaped widespread along the sandy coasts. East End (A4224). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola native to Madagascar, cultivatedintropicalandsubtemperatezones,becomingnaturalizedthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:churchflower,periwinkle.

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2.NERIUML. 1.NeriumoleanderL.,Sp.Pl.209.1753. Distribution:AlthoughnotnaturalizedonSt.John,itisincludedinthistreatmentbecause ofitswidecultivationthroughouttheisland.CoralBayQuarteralongCenterLineRoad(A4682). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola native to the Mediterranean area, now widelycultivatedthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:leandra,oleander.

3.PENTALINONMll.Arg. 1.Pentalinonluteum (L.)Hansen&Wunderlin,Taxon35:167.1986. Distribution: Common in coastal thickets, with sandy or rocky soil. Princess Bay (A2833). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda in Florida and throughouttheWestIndies. Commonname:wildallamanda.

4.PLUMERIAL. 1.Plumeriaalba L.,Sp.Pl.210.1753. Distribution:Commonincoastalthickets,sometimes cultivatedforitsfragrantflowers. Lind Pt. (A4240). Also on Anegada, Jost vanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirgin GordaPuertoRico,andintheLesserAntilles(AnguillatoGrenada). Commonnames:frangipani,klanghout,milkybush,milktree,paucipan,snakeroot,wild frangipani,wormytree.

5.PRESTONIAR.Br. 1.Prestoniaagglutinata (Jacq.)Woodson, Ann.MissouriBot.Gard.18:552. 1931. Distribution: In open or disturbed areas along coastal thickets, and secondary forests. Bordeaux Mountain (A3142) Lameshur (A2045) Reef Bay (A2665). Also on St. Croix, St. ThomasandTortolaHispaniolaandPuertoRico.

6.RAUVOLFIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Treesleaveswith1420,nearlyperpendicular,secondaryveins,uppersurfaceshinyfruits812 mmbroad.R.nitida 1.Shrubsleaveswith1012,ascending,secondaryveins,uppersurfacedullfruits57mmbroad R.viridis 1.Rauvolfianitida Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.14. 1760.

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Distribution: Common in dry coastal thickets to moist forests. Bordeaux Mountain (A2878) CinnamonBay(A2092).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaGreaterAntilles, St.Kitts,Guadeloupe,MartiniqueandTrinidad. Commonnames:milkbush,milktree,bitterash. 2.RauvolfiaviridisWilld.exRoem.& Schult., Syst.Veg.4:805.1819. Distribution: Common in dry coastal thickets or hillsides. Bethany (B193) Hurricane Hole (A2771). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Puerto Rico, Lesser Antilles,andnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonnames:bitterbush,manbetterman.

8.AQUIFOLIACEAE
______________________________________ (Holly Family) 1.ILEXL. Keytothespecies 1.Leavesobovatetooblong,612cmlong,chartaceouscoriaceous,theapexacuteusuallyslightly notched, the margins often crenateserrulate inflorescence axes glabrous or puberulent flowers4(5)merous I.nitida 1.Leaveselliptic,rarelyobovate,2.58cmlong,coriaceous,theapexroundedordeeplynotched, themarginsusuallyentireinflorescenceaxespubescentflowers45merous.I.urbaniana 1.Ilexnitida (Vahl)Maxim.,Mm.Acad.Imp. Sci.SaintPtersbourg,VII,29(3):27. 1881. Distribution:Occasionalinmoistforest.BordeauxMountain(A4701,A5081).Alsoon Cuba,Jamaica,Hispaniola,PuertoRico,LesserAntillesandMexico. 2.Ilexurbaniana Loes.,Bot.Jahrb.Syst.15:316.1893. petalswhite,22.5mmlong,freetobase,oblongstamens1.21.5mmlong,shorterand Distribution: An uncommon tree found in moist forests. Bordeaux Mountain (A4692, M17078).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolaPuertoRicoandHispaniola.

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9.ARALIACEAE
______________________________________ (Ginseng Family) 1.SCHEFFLERAJ.R.Forst.&G.Forst. 1.Scheffleramorototoni (Aubl.)Maguire, Steyerm.&Frodin,Mem.NewYork Bot. Gard.38:51.1984. Distribution:Inmoistsecondaryforestsanddisturbedareassuchasroadsides.Bordeaux Mountain(A2887).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolaCuba,Hispaniola,PuertoRico,Mexico,to SouthAmerica. Commonname:matchwood.

10.ARISTOLOCHIACEAE
______________________________________ (Dutchman'sPipe Family) 1.ARISTOLOCHIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Pseudostipulesabsentorinconspicuousleavesovate,lanceolateorhastate A.odoratissima 1.Pseudostipuleslarge,clasping thestemleavestrilobateorkidneyshaped. 2. Leaves trilobate (at least some) flowers with long filiform, hanging appendage A. trilobata 2.Leaveskidneyshapedflowerswithoutappendage A.elegans 1.AristolochiaelegansMast.,Gard.Chron.II,24:301.1885. Distribution:Insecondarygrowth,asanescape.Apparentlyarecentintroductionsince it is restricted to Carolina (A4136). Also on Tortola native to South America, but cultivated throughouttheWestIndies. 2.Aristolochiaodoratissima L.,Sp.Pl.ed.2, 2:1362. 1763. Distribution: In secondary growth, in semidry areas. Bethany (B338) Caneel Bay (A4098).AlsoinMexicotoCentralAmericaandtheWestIndies. 3.Aristolochiatrilobata L.,Sp.Pl.960.1753. Distribution: In moist forest. BordeauxMountain(B583,A5080).AlsoonSt.Croix, St.ThomasandTortolafromCentralAmericatonorthernSouthAmericaandtheWestIndies. Commonnames:tobaccopipe,pelicanplant.

11.ASCLEPIADACEAE
______________________________________ (Milkweed Family) Keytothegenera 1.Twininglianas,vinesorscandentshrubs.

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2. Robust liana leaf blade without glands corolla lavender, funnelshaped, 57 cm long stamenswithdistinctfilamentsfruitswingedorkeeled.Cryptostegia 2.Herbaceoustoscarcelywoodyvinesleafbladewithapairofminuteglandlikeprojections atbaseonuppersurfacecorollagreenishorcream,nearlybellshapedtorotate,lessthan 1cmlongstamensconnatetoformagynostegium. 3.Stemsslender(23mmdiam.)leaveslanceolateorovate,to2cmlong,the basalglands filiformfollicleslinearellipsoid,smoothcorollacream,bellshaped Metastelma 3. Stems 57 mm diam. leaves ovate, cordate at base, to 8 cm long, the basal glands triangular follicles nearly ovoid, with blunt, spinelike projections corolla greenish, rotate Matelea 1.Erectherbsorshrubs. 4.Herbsbaseofbladewithout glandscorollaorange,withreflexed,oblongpetalscorona yellowfolliclesspindleshaped,0.5cmwide..Asclepias 4. Shrubs base of blade with numerous spinelike glands corolla whitish, violettinged within, rotate, with spreading, obtuse petals corona violet follicles inflated, nearly ovoid,membranous,67cmwide Calotropis

1.ASCLEPIASL. 1.Asclepiascurassavica L.,Sp.Pl.215.1753. Distribution:Acommonweedalongroadsidesandinopenorwastegrounds.Bordeaux area(A1898)Susannaberg(A4680).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda inFlorida,continentaltropical AmericaandtheWestIndies. Commonnames:kittiemcwanie,pretieguana,wildipecacuana.

2.CALOTROPISR.Br. 1.Calotropisprocera (Aiton)W.T.Aiton, Hort.Kew.2:78.1811. Asclepias procera Aiton,Hort.Kew.1:305. 1789. Distribution: Common along roadsides and open orwastegrounds indryareas.Coral Bay (A3770) Cruz Bay (A1949). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and VirginGorda.NativetotropicalAfrica,nowwidespreadthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:cowheel,giantmilkbush,milkweed,mountaincabbage. Note:Theabundantmilkylatexproducedbytheplantissaidtobepoisonous.

3.CRYPTOSTEGIAR.Br. 1.Cryptostegiagrandiflora R.Br.,Bot.Reg. tab.435.1820. Distribution:Thisaggressiveexoticspecies,wasintroducedtoSt.Johninthe1950'sas anornamental.Theplanthasnaturalizedandisnowwellestablishedontheisland,anditsrange continuestoexpand.ItisparticularlyabundantatCoralBay(A4681)andatLameshur.Alsoon TortolaNativetoAfrica,introducedintotheWestIndies. Commonnames:purpleallamanda,rubbervine.

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4.MATELEAAubl. 1.Mateleamaritima (Jacq.)Woodson,Ann. MissouriBot.Gard.28:22.1941. Distribution: Common in coastal forests or scrub. East side of Bordeaux (A4674) Lameshur(A2737).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaCuba,Hispaniola, PuertoRico,LesserAntillesandPanamatonorthernSouthAmerica. Commonname:beachmilkvine.

5.METASTELMAR.Br. 1.Metastelma grisebachianum Schltr.inUrb., Symb. Antill.5:469.1908. Distribution:Commoninmostpartsoftheisland.SouthsidePond(A1815)TurnerBay (A3106).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaPuertoRicoandtheLesser Antilles.

12.ASTERACEAE
______________________________________ (SunflowerFamily) ByV.A.Funk&JohnF.Pruski Keytothegenera 1.Plantswithmilkylatexheadshomogamous,ligulate. 2.Headsnarrowlycylindricalachenesweaklybeaked(inours)Launaea 2.Headsbellshapedachenesnotbeaked Sonchus 1.Plantswithoutmilkylatexheadsheterogamous(radiate,disciform,orligulatepseudobilabiate) orhomogamous(discoid). 3.Leavesgenerallypinnatelydissectedto compound(inours). 4.Involucralbractsuniseriateleavesandinvolucrewithoilglands Tagetes 4.Involucralbractsbiorfewseriateleavesandinvolucrewithoutoilglands. 5. Heads inconspicuously radiate involucral bracts monomorphic achenes falling in an achenecomplexof1fertilerayachene(andthepersistentcorolla)anditssubtending involucralbractattachedto2diskflowersandtheirpaleacorollaswhitediskflowers functionallymaleorsterilepappusofreducedawns(inours).Parthenium 5. Heads obviously radiate (in ours) involucral bracts dimorphic achenes falling individually corollas whiteoryellowdiskflowersbisexualandfertilepappusof26 (inours)retrorselybarbedawns.Bidens 3.Leavessimple(inours). 6.Allleavesopposite(inours),notbasal. 7.Leavesandinvolucredottedwithoilglandsleafbasewithstiffmarginalcilia Pectis 7.Leavesandinvolucrenotdottedwithoilglandsleafbasewithoutmarginalcilia. 8. Heads discoid receptacle naked or with an involucral sheathtotallysurroundingeach flower. 9. Leaves densely shortpilose on both surfaces inflorescence glomerate heads 1 flowered each flower within a sheath style branches recurved, fertile throughout theirlengthpappusalowlaceratecrown.Lagascea

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9.Leaves not denselyshortpiloseonbothsurfacesinflorescencebranchingheads4 manyflowered flowers not enveloped within a sheath style branches ascending, withalargesterileterminalappendagepappususuallyelongate. 10.Twiningvines(inours)heads4flowered Mikania 10.Herbstoshrubsheadsmanyflowered. 11.Involucralbractspersistentsubequal,apicallyacuminatepappusof5or6 scalesorcrownshaped.Ageratum 11.Involucralbractsdeciduous,graduated,apicallybroadlyacutetorounded pappusofabout40bristles.Chromolaena 8.Headsradiate(inours)receptaclepaleate. 12.Pappusofbristlesorawns. 13. Heads terminal, on long peduncles ray corollas white achenes monomorphic, obconicpappusofmanyfeatherlikebristles Tridax 13.Heads axillarysubsessileornearlyso raycorollas yellowachenesdimorphic, outeronesflattened,wingedpappusof2or3awns Synedrella 12.Pappusabsentorgreatlyreduced. 14.Leaveslanceolate,orlesscommonlyelliptic,eglandularcorollaswhitepaleafiliform Eclipta 14. Leaves elliptic to ovate, glandular corollas pale yellow to orange palea linear lanceolatetolanceolate. 15. Corollas pale yellow, those of the rays inconspicuous disk flowers 59, functionally staminate involucral fruit with uncinate prickles and topped by 2 pricklesto5mmlong Acanthospermum 15. Corollas yellow to orange, those of the rays conspicuous disk flowers many, bisexualachenesnotcoveredbyprickles. 16. Procumbent herbs rooting at thenodesleaves commonly3lobed raycorolla limbs glandular on lower surface, shallowly 3lobed at apex achenes tuberculate Sphagneticola 16. Erect herbs or shrubs leaves subentire to coarsely dentate ray corolla limbs hispidulous on lower surface, deeply bilobed at apex achenes pubescent, smooth Wedelia 6.Leavesalternateorbasal. 17.Leavesbasal(inours). 18.Inflorescenceunbranched,withoutbractsleaveswhiteonlowersurface,lyratepinnatifid at base heads to 2(3.5) cm tall inner flowers slightly zygomorphic, pseudobilabiate Chaptalia 18.Inflorescencecommonlybranched,bracteolateleavesgreenonbothsurfaces,attenuateat base heads less than or equal to 1 cm tall inner flowers actinomorphic, discoid Erigeron 17.Leavescauline(inours),alternate. 19.Involucreuniseriate Emilia 19.Involucre2severalseriate. 20.Receptaclepaleate. 21. Leaves often trilobed, glandular below inflorescence of many (>5) discoid (in ours) heads corollas yellow or greenishwhite achenes cylindricalornearlyso pappus of numerouserectbristles Neurolaena

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21. Leaves crenate to dentate, eglandular inflorescence of 15 radiate heads (in ours) corollas orange (in ours) achenes strongly winged pappus of 2 awns, apically uncinate.Verbesina 20.Receptaclenaked. 22. Pappus biseriate, the outer series of reduced squamellae, the inner series of elongate, deciduousorpersistentbristlesorscales. 23.Herbsinnerpappusseriesofmanyfragilebristlesachenesnonribbed,appressed pilose Cyanthillium 23. Subshrubs to shrubs (in ours) inner pappus series of severaldeciduous scales or numerouspersistentbristlesachenesribbed,glabrous,pilose,orsericeous. 24.Heads47flowered(inours)innerpappusof715(inours)deciduousscales. Piptocoma 24. Heads 1020flowered inner pappus of numerous persistent capillary bristles Lepidaploa 22.Pappusofasingleseriesofelongate,deciduousorpersistentbristles. 25. Leaves claspingthestem heads glomerate,homogamous,discoidwithallflowers bisexual involucral bracts in 4 decussate pairs style hispidulous in upper half, branches with a continuous stigmatic surface pappus of 410 stiff bristles in a singleseries. 26.Inflorescencecorymbiformpaniculatewithpedunculateglomerules,eachglomerule subtended by 2 or 3 heartshaped to deltoid leafy bracts pappus of 5 straight bristles Elephantopus 26.Inflorescencespicateracemosewithsessileaxillaryglomerules,eachsubtendedby alanceolateleafybractpappusof810bristles,2ofthesetwicefoldedattips Pseudelephantopus 25. Leaves petiolate, sessile, or weakly clasping the stem heads not glomerate, heterogamous, disciform with outer series of flowers pistillate involucral bracts overlapping, spirally arranged, graduated style shaft glabrous, branches withparallel stigmaticlinespappusof10manysoftbristles. 27.Leavespubescent,eglandularpistillateflowerswithaninconspicuous,0.30.6mm longcorollalimbachenescompressed Conyza 27. Leaves nearly glabrate to whitetomentose, often glandular pistillate flowers lackingacorollalimbachenescylindrical. 28.Stemswingedinflorescencespicate Pterocaulon 28.Stemsnotwinged(inours)inflorescencecorymbiformorpaniculate 29.Leaves whitishonlowersurface,0.31.3cmbroadpappusbristlesoften deciduous .Gnaphalium 29.Leavesgreenonbothsurfaces,16cmbroadpappuspersistent Pluchea

1.ACANTHOSPERMUMSchrank 1.Acanthospermumhispidum DC.,Prodr.5:522.1836. Distribution: Occasional at sea level, on open roadsides and in dry scrublands. Coral BayQuarteralongCenterLineRoad(A3998)TrailtoFortsberg(A5271)betweenBethanyand Rosenberg (B252). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola, and Virgin Gorda throughout the

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Antilles,southeasternUnitedStates,CentralAmerica,SouthAmerica,andnaturalizedthroughout manyareasoftheworld.

2.AGERATUML. 1.Ageratum conyzoidesL.,Sp.Pl.839.1753. Distribution: Occasionalinopenordisturbedareas.AlongroadtoBordeauxMountain (A2858) Emmaus (A3149) Rosenberg (B291). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola nativetothe Neotropics,butadventiveinthesubtropicsandinthePaleotropics.

3.BIDENSL. Keytothespecies 1. Pappus 2awned outer achenes straight involucral bracts slightly spreading in fruit ray corollaswhite B.alba var.radiata 1.Pappus(3)4(6)awnedouterachenescurvedinvolucralbractsgreatlyspreadinginfruitray corollasyelloworwhite B.cynapiifolia 1.Bidensalba (L.)DC.var.radiata (Sch.Bip.)Ballard inMelchert,Phytologia32: 295. 1975. Distribution: Commoninopenareas withsecondarygrowth.CoralBayQuarteralong CenterLineRoad(A4012)CruzBay(A1953).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.Thomaswidespreadin theCaribbean,easternMexico,CentralAmerica,andnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonnames: shepardsneedle,Spanishneedle. 2.Bidenscynapiifolia Kunth inHumb.,Bonpl. &Kunth,Nov.Gen.Sp.,folioed.,4: 185. 1820[1818]. Distribution: Commononopendisturbedroadsides.AlongroadtoBordeauxMountain (A2890, A3193). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola, and Virgin Gorda throughout the Antilles,CentralAmerica,andSouthAmericanaturalizedinHawaii andintheOldWorld Commonname: beggarticks.

4.CHAPTALIAVent.,nom.cons. 1.Chaptalianutans(L.)Polak.,Linnaea41:582.1877. Distribution: Occasionalinopentoshadedhills,roadsides,ormoistbanks.Alongroad to Bordeaux (A2859, A3181) between Bethany and Rosenberg (B240). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas,andTortola throughout muchoftheWestIndies,theNeotropics,andpartsoftheNew Worldsubtropics. Commonname: whiteback.

5.CHROMOLAENADC. Keytothespecies

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1. Stems and leaves commonly canescent throughout heads 810flowered corolla tubes and achenes glandular pappus slightly enlarged apically involucral bracts spreading in flower, outer ones persistent past fruit, the flat receptacle thereby only visible from above . C. sinuata 1.Stemsandleavesdenselypilosetopuberulentheadswith15ormoreflowerscorollatubesand achenes not glandular pappus not apicallyenlargedinvolucralbractstightlyoverlappingin flower,alllatedeciduous,thebarrelorclubshapedreceptacletherebywhollyexposed. 2. Leaf blades deltoid to cordate, the apex acute to obtuse, the upper surface sparsely glandular inflorescence compactly corymbiform involucral bracts to 2 mm broad, rounded and glandular at apex achenes 45 mm long, pappus 3.54.5 mm long C. corymbosa 2.Leafbladesdeltoidtorhombicovate,theapexacuminate,theuppersurfacenotglandular inflorescencecorymbiformtopaniculate involucralbractslessthan1.5mmbroad,not apicallyglandular,theinneronesacuteattipsachenes3.54mmlong,pappus56mm long C.odorata 1.Chromolaenacorymbosa (Aubl.)R.M. King&H.Rob.,Phytologia20:200. 1970. Distribution: Common in rocky coastal areas and disturbed hillsides. Solomon Bay (A2280)CobGut(A3225)DittlifPoint(A3972).AlsoonBuckIsland,LittleSt.JamesIsland, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola, and Virgin Gorda (fide Britton & Wilson, 1925) Bahamas, Hispaniola,PuertoRico,andtheLesserAntilles. 2.Chromolaenaodorata (L.)R.M.King&H.Rob.,Phytologia 20:204.1970. Distribution: Anoccasionalroadsideweed.CoralBayQuarteratkm3.5alongRoad107(A3767)CruzBay (A2360) Susannaberg (A3092). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola widespread in tropical and subtropical America from the southern U.S.A. to southern South America and introducedintothePaleotropics. Commonnames: bitterbush,christmasbush,geritoo. 3.Chromolaenasinuata (Lam.)R.M.King&H.Rob., Phytologia32:283.1975. Distribution: Occasional in disturbed areas to rocky hillsides. Nanny Point (A2444) Lameshur(B635).AlsoonGuanaIsland,St.Croix,St.Thomas(fidedeCandolle,Prodr.5:155. 1836), Tortola (fide DArcy, 1967), and Virgin Gorda Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, and the LesserAntilles.

6.CONYZALess.,nom.cons. 1.Conyzabonariensis(L.)Cronq.,Bull. TorreyBot.Club 70:632.1943. Distribution: Anoccasionalweedofopendisturbedareassuchasroadsides.Alongroad toBordeaux(A2882,A3135)Susannaberg(A852).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolathroughout muchoftheWestIndies,Neotropics,andwarmerpartsofnontropicalAmerica.Introducedinto thePaleotropics. Commonname: hairyhorseweed.

7.CYANTHILLIUMBlume

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1.Cyanthilliumcinereum (L.)H.Rob.,Proc.Biol.Soc.Wash.103:252.1990. Conyza cinerea L.,Sp.Pl.862. 1753. Vernoniacinerea(L.)Less., Linnaea4:291.1829. Distribution: Common weed of disturbed areas, fields, and moist upland forests. Bordeaux Mountain (M17043)LindPoint (A3145) Lameshur(A2740).AlsoonSt.Croix,St. Thomas, and Tortola throughout the West Indies Florida, Mexico, Central America, northern SouthAmerica,Africa,Asia,andthePacific. 8.ECLIPTAL.,nom.cons. 1.Ecliptaprostrata (L.)L.,Mant.Pl.2:286.1771. Distribution: Occasional on open sandy coasts, roadsides, and in waste areas, often wheresoilis damporwet.Carolina(A4141) TurnerBay(A3107) Enighed(A3926).Alsoon St.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolaFlorida,pantropics.

9.ELEPHANTOPUSL. 1.ElephantopusmollisKunth inHumb., Bonpl.&Kunth,Nov.Gen.Sp.,folio ed. 4: 20.1820[1818]. Distribution: Occasional along roadsides and in wet shaded areas. Along road to Bordeaux(A3141)betweenBethanyandRosenberg(B259)LameshurTrail(A3185).AlsoonSt. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola throughout the West Indies and much of the Neotropics introducedintotropicalAfrica,thePacific(Fiji),andsoutheasternAsia. Commonname: elephantsfoot.

10.EMILIACass. Keytothespecies 1. Corollas red, extendedabovethetips oftheinvolucralbracts involucre12times longerthan wide E.fosbergii 1. Corollas pink to lavender, not exserted from the involucral bracts involucre 34 times longer thanwide E.sonchifolia 1.Emiliafosbergii Nicolson,Phytologia32: 33.1975. Distribution: An occasional weed in disturbed sites. Bordeaux Mountain (M17024) Maria Bluff (A612) MahoBay(A2408).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomastropicalAmerica, Florida,andsomePacificislands. 2.Emiliasonchifolia (L.)DC.exWight,Contr. Bot.India24.1834. Distribution: An occasional weed of disturbed sites. Carolina (A4140) Reef Bay (A2640).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolaapantropicalweedofOldWorldorigin. Commonname: scarletpaintbush.

11.ERIGERONL. 1.ErigeroncuneifoliusDC.,Prodr.5:288. 1836.

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Distribution: Uncommon weedy plant of wet shaded banks. Cruz Bay (W680) Rosenberg(B293).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolathroughouttheGreaterAntillesPhilippines (GuyNesom,pers.comm.).

12.GNAPHALIUML. 1.GnaphaliumdomingenseLam.,Encycl.2:743.1788. Distribution: Rarecoastalweed.CaneelBay(W673).ThroughouttheGreaterAntilles. 13.LAGASCEACav.,nom.cons. 1.LagasceamollisCav.,AnalesCi.Nat.6: 331.1803. Distribution: In open disturbed areas. Coral Bay Quarter along Center Line Road (A3996). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola throughout much of the West Indies, Florida, Arizona, coastal Mexico, northern Central America, South America, and in the Old World. Commonname: silkleaf.

14.LAUNAEACass. 1.Launaeaintybacea (Jacq.)Beauverd,Bull.Soc.Bot.GenveII,2:114.1910. Distribution: Occasional in open dry areas, usually along sandy coasts. Cruz Bay (A2346)ChocolateHole(A4067)EastEnd(A684).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortola apantropicalandsubtropicalweedoflowlandareas. Commonname: wildlettuce.

15.LEPIDAPLOA(Cass.)Cass. Keytothespecies 1. Leaves rounded at apex, glandular on upper surface outer involucral bracts deltoid to triangular,withnarrowlyacuteapicescorollalavenderorvioletpappus creamcolored L. glabra 1. Leaves acute to acuminate at apex, nonglandular on upper surface outer involucral bracts linearlanceolate,withattenuateapicescorollawhitepappusbrownish L.sericea 1.Lepidaploaglabra (Willd.)H.Rob.,Proc.Biol.Soc.Wash.103:487.1990. Distribution: Common in disturbed areas and moist upland forests. Maria Bluff (A3148) Annaberg Ruins (A1930)CenterLineRoad,km4.5(A2910).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola,andVirgin GordaPuertoRico,LesserAntilles. 2.Lepidaploasericea (Rich.)H.Rob.,Proc.Biol.Soc.Wash.103:492.1990. Distribution: A common weed of roadsides to wet shaded banks.CoralBay(A3139) Rosenberg (B303) Bordeaux (A3855). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola, and Virgin GordaCuba,Hispaniola,andPuertoRico.

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16.MIKANIAWilld.,nom.cons. 1.Mikaniacordifolia (L.f.)Willd.,Sp.Pl.3:1746.1804. Distribution: Occasionalindisturbedareas.AlongroadtoBordeaux(A4109).Alsoon St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola throughout much of the West Indies and the lowland Neotropics,alsoinGulfCoastalUnitedStates.

17.NEUROLAENAR.Br. 1.Neurolaenalobata (L.)Cass.,Dict.Sci.Nat.34:502.1825. Distribution:Rareshrubinopenwetareas.TopofBordeauxMountain(W114).Also onSt.ThomasandTortolasouthernMexico,CentralAmerica,WestIndies,andnorthernSouth America. 18.PARTHENIUML. 1.PartheniumhysterophorusL.,Sp.Pl.988. 1753. Fig.41AE. Distribution:Commoninwasteoropendisturbedareas.Enighed(A3930). AlsoonSt. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola throughout much of the West Indies, primarily Mexican, but rangingfromsouthernU.S.A.intoCentralAmerica,SouthAmerica,andthePaleotropics. Commonnames: falseragweed,feverfew,muleweed,quinineweed,whiteheadbroom. 19.PECTISL. Keytothespecies 1. Prostrate small annual herb, or more often perennial with more or less woody base leaves oblanceolate to obovate pappus a combination of scabrid bristles and shorter scales or slenderbristles P.humifusa 1. Erect, finely branching annual herb leaves narrowly linear to lanceolate pappus of 14 spreadingawnsflattenedatthebase.P.linifolia 1.Pectishumifusa Sw.,Prodr.114.1788. Distribution:Rareincoastaloropenareas.DittlifPoint(A3968).AlsoonSt.Croixand St.Thomas[fideLessinginSchlechtendal(1831),Britton(1918),andBritton&Wilson(1925)] fromPuertoRicoeastwardandsouthwardthroughouttheLesserAntillestothecoastofGuyana alsocollectedonceinFlorida. 2.Pectislinifolia L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1221. 1759. Distribution: Rare along hillsides and openings in forests. Southside Pond (A4072) Lameshur(B629).AlsoonBuckIsland,St.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola(fideDArcy,1967),and VirginGordathisspeciesisnativetothreedistinctareas:theSonoranDesertofthe 20.PIPTOCOMACass. 1.Piptocomaantillana Urb.,Ark.Bot.23A,11:50.1931.

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Distribution: Common in sandy or rocky areas behind shore vegetation. Coral Bay (R1916) EastEnd(A666) SouthsidePond(A1816).AlsoonPeterIsland(fideDArcy,1967), St.Thomas,Tortola,andVirginGordaPuertoRico.

21.PLUCHEACass. Keytothespecies 1. Shrubs stems pubescent to sometimes glabrate leaves chartaceous to firmly so, commonly moderately pubescent onlowersurface,themargins entireornearlyso innerflowers 15or more P.carolinensis 1. Herbs stems puberulent to nearly glabrous leaves chartaceous to thinly so, commonly puberulent onlowersurface,themargins subentireorserrate innerflowers 12orfewer P. odorata 1.Plucheacarolinensis(Jacq.)G.Don in Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 3, 350. 1839. Distribution: Commonincoastalscrubsanddisturbedareas.Emmaus(A2440,A3239) MariaBluff(A609).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola,andVirginGordathroughoutmuch of the West Indies, Florida, Mexico, Central America, northern South America, and the Pacific region. Commonnames: cattletongue,sourbush,ovrabla,ramgoatbush,sweetscent. 2.Plucheaodorata (L.)Cass.,Dict.Sci.Nat.42:3.1826. Distribution: Common in disturbed open areas. Coral Bay (A733) Emmaus (A1996, A3240). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola throughout much of the West Indies,U.S.A.,Mexico,CentralAmerica,andnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonname: marshfleabane.

22.PSEUDELEPHANTOPUSRohr 1.Pseudelephantopus spicatus(Juss.exAubl.)C.F.Baker,Trans.St.LouisAcad.Sci.12:45, 54,56.1902. Distribution: Occasionalalongroadsidesandinotherdisturbedareas.CruzBay QuarteralongCenterLineRoad(A4160).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolathroughout much of the West Indies and the Neotropics, introduced into Florida, Africa, Asia, the Pacific region,andAustralia. Commonname: bulltonguebush.

23.PTEROCAULONElliott 1.Pterocaulonvirgatum (L.)DC.,Prodr.5:454.1836. Distribution: Occasional in open or disturbed areas. Rosenberg (B314). Also on St. Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolaGreaterAntilles,Texas,Mexico,Honduras,andSouthAmerica. 24.SONCHUSL.

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1.SonchusoleraceusL.,Sp.Pl.794.1753. Distribution: Uncommon weed of moist soils.CinnamonBay(W681).Alsofoundon St. Croix, St. Thomas (fide Lessing in Schlechtendal, 1831), and Tortola native to temperate regionsoftheOldWorld,butwidelydistributedasaweedintemperateandtropicalregions. Commonnames: sowthistle,wildsalad.

25.SPHAGNETICOLAHoffm. 1.Sphagneticola trilobata (L.)Pruski Mem.NewYorkBot.Gard.78: 114.1996. Distribution: Occasional in strand vegetation, roadsides, to dry evergreen hillsides, but morecommoninwetareas.AlongroadtoBordeauxMountain(A2894)HillsideaboveCinnamon Bay(M17091).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolathroughoutmuchoftheWestIndies, southeastern United States, Mexico, Central America, and South America. Widely cultivated, escaping and becoming naturalized throughout tropical regions of both hemispheres (except Africa). Commonnames: creepingoxeye,wildmarigold.

26.SYNEDRELLAGaertn.,nom.cons. 1.Synedrellanodiflora (L.)Gaertn.,Fruct. Sem.Pl.2:456.1791. Distribution: Common in disturbed open areas. Coral Bay Quarter along Road 107 (A4041) Near mouth of Fish Bay Gut (A3888). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola Florida, widespread throughout the West Indies, Mexico, Central America, tropical South America,andpartsoftheOldWorldtropicsandsubtropics. Commonnames: fattenbarrow,nodeweed.

27.TAGETESL. 1.Tageteserecta L.,Sp.Pl.887.1753. Distribution: Escaped from cultivation in open sunny areas. Along road to Bordeaux (A2860, A2888). This species is commonly cultivated throughout the world and naturalized in manyareas. TageteserectaisnativetoMexico,butallormostextantpopulationsareprobably derivedfromcultivatedindividuals. Commonname: Africanmarigold.

28.TRIDAXL. 1.TridaxprocumbensL.,Sp.Pl.900.1753. Distribution: Commonweedofopendisturbedareas.CalabashBoom(A2870,A4025). Also on St. Croix, Tortola, and Water Island widely distributed throughout the Neotropics and introducedintothewarmerregionsoftheOldWorld.

29.VERBESINAL.

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1.Verbesinaalata L.,Sp.Pl.901.1753. Distribution: Occasionalonopenhillsides.AmericanHill[Raunkirs.n.,15Mar1906 (US)].AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolaGreaterAntillesandLesserAntilles.

30.WEDELIAJacq.,nom.cons. 1.Wedelia calycina Rich.InPers.,Syn.Pl.2:490.1807. Distribution: Occasionalinrockyhills,thickets,anddisturbedareas.HartBay(A801) DittlifPoint (A3978).AlsoonAnegada,LittleSt.JamesIsland,St.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola, and Virgin Gorda throughout much of the West Indies (but not Jamaica), southern Central AmericatonorthernSouthAmerica.

13.BASELLACEAE
_______________________________________ (BasellaFamily) 1.ANREDERAJuss.

1.Anrederavesicaria (Lam.)C.F.Gaertn., Suppl.Carp.176,t.213.1807. Distribution: In open, disturbed areas, such as roadsides or along secondary coastal scrubs. CruzBay(A2512)trailtoBrownBay(A1870)MaryPt.(A4228).AlsoonSt.Croix, St. Thomas andTortola southernUnitedStates (Texas andFlorida)tonorthernSouthAmerica, includingtheWestIndies.

14.BATACEAE
_______________________________________ (SaltwortFamily) 1.BATISP.Browne 1.Batismaritima L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1289. 1759. Distribution: Common along coastal areas in salt marshes. Newfound Bay (A4150, A4257).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathrougho ut tropical America, the GalapagosArchipelagoandHawaii. Commonnames: saltwort,saltplant.

15.BIGNONIACEAE
_______________________________________ (Calabashtree Family) Keytothegenera 1.Tendrilledlianas.

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2.Tendrils3fid,clawlikecorollayellowstemscylindricalwhenyoung Macfadyena 2.Tendrilssimple,filiform,coilingcorollapinkishtolavenderorvioletstems4angledwhen young. 3. Corolla funnelshaped, 1.53 cm long, violet mature stems 4angled, sulcate cross section of stem with 4 marginal, dark, phloem arms foliage drying reddish Arrabidaea 3. Corolla tubularbellshaped, 2.57.5 cm long, pinkish to lavender with yellowish throat mature stems cylindrical cross section of stem with 8 marginal, dark phloemarmsfoliagedryinggreenorbrown.Cydista 1.Treesorshrubs. 4.Leavessimple,alternateorclusteredfruitsindehiscent,broadlyellipsoidtoglobose. 5. Leaves alternate to nearly opposite fruits relatively fragile, easily crushed Amphitecna 5.Leavesclusteredonshortlateralbranchesfruitswoody,hardshelled Crescentia 4.Leavescompound(orunifoliolate),oppositefruitselongate,dehiscent. 6.Capsuleserectangular,boatshapedcorollaorange.Spathodea 6.Capsuleshanging,linear,flattenedcorollawhite,pinkoryellow. 7. Leaves pinnately compound leaflets serrate corolla yellow, funnelshaped Tecoma 7. Leaves palmately compound or simple leaflets entire corolla white, pink or yellow,salverform.Tabebuia

1.AMPHITECNAMiers 1.Amphitecnalatifolia (Miller)A.Gentry, Taxon25:108.1976. Distribution:Alongravines andincoastalforests.BatteryGut(A4161)FishBayGut (A2491).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasFlorida,Mexico,CentralAmerica,WestIndiesand northernSouthAmerica. Commonname: jumbiecalabash

2.ARRABIDAEADC. 1.Arrabidaeachica (Humb.&Bonpl.)Verl.,Rev.Hort.40: 154.1868. Distribution: Alongravinesingalleryforests.MahoBayGut(A2105).Throughoutthe Neotropics. 3.CRESCENTIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Leavesoblanceolateorobovate,>2.5cmwidetertiaryvenationcoarselyreticulate C.cujete 1.Leaveslinearorverynarrowlyoblanceolate,11.8cm widetertiaryvenationfinelyreticulate C. linearifolia 1.CrescentiacujeteL.,Sp.Pl.629.1753.

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Distribution: Common throughout the island. Susannaberg (A2087). Also on Jostvan Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda widely cultivated in tropical America, probablynativetoBelize(Gentry,1982). Commonnames: calabashtree,gobi,gobitree. 2.Crescentialinearifolia Miers,Trans.Linn.Soc.LondonI,26:172.1868. Distribution: Common throughout the island, especially in dry areas. Holter Road (A2342)Lameshur(B601).AlsoonSt.ThomasandPuertoRico. Commonnames:blackcalabash,calabashtree,jumbiecalabash,miniegobi.

4.CYDISTAMiers 1.Cydistaaequinoctialis(L.)Miers,Proc.Roy.Hort.Soc.London3:191.1863. Distribution: Alongcoastalplains,usuallynearmangroveswamps.FishBay(A2810). AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasandthroughouttropicalAmerica. Commonname: guardwiss.

5.MACFADYENAA.DC. 1.Macfadyenaunguiscati (L.)A.Gentry, Brittonia25:236.1973. Distribution: Abundant on trees, in dry or moist forests or in open, disturbed areas such as roadsides.CruzBayQuarteralongCenterLineRoad(A2110) Susannaberg(A3958).Alsoon St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda and throughout tropical and subtropical America. Commonnames:catclaw,catpaw,monkeyearring,wist.

6.SPATHODEAP.Beauv. 1.Spathodeacampanulata P.Beauv.,Fl. Oware1:47.1805. Distribution: Introducedasornamental,onlyafewindividualsknownonSt.John.Maho BayQuarteralongCenterLineRoad(A2511).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolanativetotropical Africa,butwidelycultivatedandnaturalizedthroughoutthetropics. Commonname: Africantuliptree.

7.TABEBUIADC. Keytothespecies 1.Corollayellowleaveswith(3)57leafletspetiolules14.5cmlong.T.aurea 1.Corollapinktowhiteleaveswith15leafletspetiolules0.22cmlong T.heterophylla 1.Tabebuiaaurea (SilvaManso)S.Moore,Trans.Linn.Soc.London,Bot.4:423. 1895. Distribution: Uncommon, introduced species, planted in gardens and along roadsides. CoralBay(A2027,V3120).NativetoBrazil,butwidelyplantedthroughouttropicalAmerica. Commonname: yellowoak.

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2.Tabebuiaheterophylla (DC.)Britton,Ann.MissouriBot.Gard.2:48.1915. Distribution: Common throughout the island, from coastal scrub to moist forests. East End (GTP29320) Lameshur (B638). AlsoonAnegada,JostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirgin GordaHispaniola,PuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles,naturalizedinFloridaandBahamas. Commonnames: tooshee,whitecedar,blackcedar,pinkcedar,pinkmanjack. Note: ThisistheofficialtreeoftheBritishVirginIslands.

8.TECOMAJuss. 1.Tecomastans(L.)A.Juss.exKunth in Humb.,Bonpl.&Kunth,Nov.Gen.Sp. 3: 144. 1819. Distribution: Commonly cultivated in St. John, becoming naturalized. Johnson Bay (A2125).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordanativetothe Neotropicsbutwidespreadthroughoutthetropicsthroughcultivation. Commonnames:catapulttree,gingerthomas,yellowcedar, Note: ThisistheofficialfloweroftheUnitedStatesVirginIslands.

16.BOMBACACEAE
_______________________________________ (Balsawood Family) Keytothegenera 1.Leavespalmatelycompoundfruitafusiformcapsule,810cmlongbarkwithdeciduousthorns .Ceiba 1.Leavessimplefruitnearlyglobose,indehiscent,<2cmlongbarksmooth Quararibea 1.CEIBAMiller 1.Ceibapentandra (L.)Gaertn.,Fruct.Sem.Pl.2:244.1791. Distribution: In moist forests or on coastal plains with deep soils. Cinnamon Bay Campground(A4231).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda nativetotropicalAmerica,naturalizedintheOldWorldtropics. Commonnames:jumbietree,kapoktree,silkcottontree.

2.QUARARIBEAAubl. 1.Quararibeaturbinata (Sw.)Poir.inLam.,Encycl.Suppl. 4:636.1816. Distribution: Common as anunderstoryshruborsmalltreeinmoistforests.EastEnd (A2115)CinnamonBay(A2091).AlsoonSt.CroixandfromHispaniolasoutheasttotheLesser Antilles. Commonnames:garrot,swizzlesticktree.

17.BORAGINACEAE

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_______________________________________ (Borage Family) Keytothegenera 1.Flowerssolitaryorpairedinleafaxilsbranchesspiny Rochefortia 1.Flowersininflorescencesbrancheswithoutspines. 2.Inflorescenceanunbranchedor2branchedspike,coiled(scorpioid)atdistalendherbsor lowsubshrubs. 3. Leaves somewhat succulent fruit fleshy, of 2 nutlets, initially hollowed at base . Argusia 3.Leavesnotsucculentfruitadrycapsule,nothollowedatbase.Heliotropium 2.Inflorescencesmanybranched(panicles,cymesorheads),coiled(scorpioid)ornotatdistal endshrubs,treesorvines. 4.Stylebifid,with4stigmaticbranches.Cordia 4.Stylesimpleorcrownedby2stigmaticbranches. 5. Twining vines,lianas,scandent orerect shrubsstyleunbranched stamens and style not projecting beyond the corolla corolla lobes reflexed or spreading fruitwhiteorpaleorange .Tournefortia 5. Trees style with 2lobed stigma stamens and style projecting beyond the corolla corolla lobes spreading, but not reflexed fruit red or redorange . Bourreria

1.ARGUSIABoehmer 1.Argusiagnaphalodes(L.)Heine,Fl.Nouv.Caled.7:108.1976. Distribution: Common along sandy coasts. Johns Folly Bay (A4062) Europa Bay (A747) Lameshur(B652).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda andthroughouttheWestIndies. Commonnames: sealavender,crabbush,baylavender.

2.BOURRERIAP.Browne,nom.cons. 1.Bourreriasucculenta Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.14.1760. Distribution:Oneofthecommonesttreesontheisland,indrytomoistareas.Hawksnest (A2667).AlsoonAnegada,JostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordain Florida,theWestIndiesandVenezuela. Commonnames: chink,chinkwood,juniper,pigeonberry,pigeonwood,spoontree, Note: SterilespecimensofCordialaevigataLam.areoftenconfusedwithB.succulenta. However,B.succulentahasleavesthatareglabrousbeneathwhile C.laevigatahasleavesthatare canescentbeneath.

3.CORDIAL. Keytothespecies

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1.Leafmarginsserrateordentate. 2. Inflorescence of globose cymes plant a climbing or scandent shrub fruits red, < 4 mm long C.polycephala 2.Inflorescenceapaniculatecymeplantasmalltreeorshrubfruitswhite,>6mmlong C. dentata 1.Leafmarginsentireorwavy. 3.Plant denselycoveredwithstellatehairs,especiallyonyoungparts calyxtubular,striate C.alliodora 3.Plantvariouslypubescentbutnotstellatecalyxbellshapedortubular,notstriate. 4.Calyxtubularornearlyso,accrescentinfruitcorolla>1.5cmlong,brightorange, trumpetshaped. 5. Calyx long tubular (1.32.3 cm long), pubescent or puberulent fruit ovoid to globose.C.sebestena 5.Calyxtubular(11.3cmlong),glabrousornearlysofruitsobconical .C.rickseckeri 4.Calyxbellshaped,notaccrescentcorolla,<1cmlong,white,funnelshaped. 6. Fruit whiteorcream leaves (9)1545cmlong,lanceolate,ellipticorovateC. sulcata 6.Fruitredorredorangeleaves820cmlong,ellipticorobovate. 7. Corolla > 6 mm long, with ascending lobes leaves elliptic,withalternate secondaryveins C.laevigata 7. Corolla < 4 mm long, with reflexed lobes leaves mostly obovate, with opposite(atleastinsomeoftheleaves),ascending,prominentsecondary veins C.collococca 1.Cordiaalliodora (Ruz&Pavn)Cham.inDC.,Linnaea8:121.1833. Distribution:Commonlyfoundinmoistareas but alsoplantedalongstreets.Annaberg (A1925) Lameshur (B527). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America and northern South America. Commonname: copper. 2.Cordiacollococca L.,Amoen.Acad.5:377. 1760. Distribution: Common tree in moist areas andcoastalplains withdeepsoils.Gift Hill (A830) Lameshur (A2745) Reef Bay Trail (P29264). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaintheGreaterandLesserAntilles,MexicotonorthernSouth America. Commonnames: redmanjack,manjack. 3.Cordiadentata Poir.inLam.,Encycl.7:48. 1806. Distribution: Apparently introduced, found mostly along roadsides. Along road from Fish Bay to Coccoloba(A2816) Susannaberg(A3806).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.Thomasthe WestIndies,CentralAmericaandnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonnames: fluteboom,whitemanjack. 4.Cordialaevigata Lam.,Tabl.Encycl.1:422.1792.

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Distribution: Uncommon in dry to moist forests. America Hill (R1431) Bordeaux Mountain (A4261). Also onAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas andTortola GreaterAntilles,and CentralAmerica. Commonnames: bastardcapa,manjack,WestIndiancherry,wildcapa. 5.Cordiapolycephala (Lam.)I.M.Johnst.,J. ArnoldArbor.16:33.1935. Distribution: Common in open disturbed areas. Along road to Bordeaux (A3834) Bethany (B188, B248). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Hispaniola, PuertoRico,LesserAntilles,andnorthernSouthAmerica. 6.Cordiarickseckeri Millsp.,Publ.Field ColumbianMus.,Bot.Ser.l:522.1902. Distribution:Acommontree,especiallyonthecoastalplainswithdeepsoil.CoralBay (L21924) Lameshur (A3957) Pen Pt. (A2011). Native to Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (JostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda). Commonnames: blackmanjack,dogalmond. 7.Cordiasebestena L.,Sp.Pl.190.1753. Distribution: Commonly planted along roadsides and in gardens. Coral Bay (A4065) Lameshur (A738). Apparently native to the Virgin Islands, (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda) the Greater Antilles and the Bahamas, introduced elsewhere as an ornamental. Commonnames:bayalmond,geiger,scarletcordia,trumpettree. 8.Cordiasulcata A.DC.,Prodr.9:488.1845. Distribution:Acommontreeofsecondaryforestsanddisturbedmoistareas.Bordeaux Mountain(A1885,B586)CinnamonBay(A1090).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas andTortolaCuba,Hispaniola,PuertoRico,andtheLesserAntilles. Commonnames:mucilagemanjack,whitemanjack.

4.HELIOTROPIUML. Keytothespecies 1.Leavessucculent,narrowlyoblanceolate,withoutpetiolesplantglabrous H.curassavicum 1.Leavesnotsucculent,variouslyshapedbutnotoblanceolate,petiolateplantpubescent. 2.Plantsdenselysericeous(appressed,long,whitehairs)leaveslanceolate,linearorelliptic, mostlysuboppositeorinwhorlsof3fruitssubglobose H.ternatum 2.Plantspubescentorglabrescentleavesellipticorovate,alternateorsuboppositefruits2 lobed,emarginateorslightlycompressed. 3. Leaves 417 cm long petioles 410 cm long stems 4angled corolla 45 mm long fruitsemarginateatapex.H.indicum 3. Leaves 25 cm long petioles 11.5 cm long stems terete corolla 0.52.5mmlong fruitsslightlycompressed H.angiospermum 1.Heliotropiumangiospermum Murray,Prodr.Stirp.Gtt.217.1770.

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Distribution:Acommonweedalongroadsidesandindisturbedareas.EastEnd(A665) alongtrailtoFortsberg(A4095) MariaBluff(A2336).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola andVirginGordasoutheasternUnitedStatestoSouthAmerica,includingtheWestIndies. Commonname: eyebright. 2.Heliotropiumcurassavicum L.,Sp.Pl.130. 1753. Distribution: A common herb from open, disturbed areas, especially along sandy beaches. Great Cruz Bay (A795, A3104) East End (A2426). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda southeastern United States to Central America, the West Indies and Asia. 3.Heliotropiumindicum L.,Sp.Pl.130.1753. Distribution: An uncommon herb in open and disturbed areas. Lameshur (A2572, A2736). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola,VirginGorda throughout theGreaterAntilles andTrinidad. 4.Heliotropiumternatum Vahl,Symb.Bot.3:21.1794. Distribution: In open, dry areas. Dittlif Pt. (A3977) Lameshur (B602) Maria Bluff (A2333). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Virgin Gorda throughout the West Indies and northernSouthAmerica.

5.ROCHEFORTIASw. 1.Rochefortiaacanthophora (A.DC.)Griseb., Fl.Brit.W.I.482.1862. Distribution: A common tree of dry coastal scrub. West slopes of Fish Bay (A3909). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandVirginGordatheGreaterandLesserAntilles.

6.TOURNEFORTIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Erectshruborsmalltree T.filiflora 1.Twiningvinesorlianas. 2.Plantshirsute T.hirsutissima 2.Plantsglabrousorpubescent. 3. Plants slender (stems usually < 8 mm diam.) leaves 13.5 cm long fruits nearly globose,white,with4black,roundspots T.microphylla 3.Plantsrobust(stems>8mmdiam.)leaves39cmlongfruitsglobose,white .T.bicolor 1.TournefortiabicolorSw.,Prodr.40.1788. Distribution:Uncommon,mostlyfoundingalleryforests.CaneelBayTrailtoTurtlePt. (A4121).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalAmerica. 2.Tournefortia filiflora Griseb.,Fl.Brit.W.I. 483.1862. Distribution:Araretree,foundonlyinafewlocations.TrunkBay(W174).AlsoonSt. CroixPuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles.

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3.Tournefortiahirsutissima L.,Sp.Pl.140. 1753. Distribution: Common in open or disturbed areas. Coral Bay (A2458) Cruz Bay Quarter along Center Line Road (A2865). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola Greater andLesserAntillesand Trinidad. Commonnames: giniper,chiggernit,chicherygrape. 4.Tournefortiamicrophylla Bertero exSpreng.,Syst.Veg.1:644.1824. Distribution: Common in open or disturbed areas, such as roadsides and secondary forests. Along trail to Brown Bay (A1881) Cruz Bay (A2326) East End (A3793). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola, VirginGorda Hispaniola,PuertoRicoandtheLesser Antilles.

18.BRASSICACEAE
_______________________________________ (Mustard Family) Keytothegenera 1.Fruitfusiform,2025mmlongflowers68mmlong.Cakile 1.Fruitlenticular,to5mmlongflowers11.5mmlong Lepidium

1.CAKILEMiller 1.Cakilelanceolata (Willd.)O.SchulzinUrb., Symb. Antill.3:504.1903. Distribution: Common along sandy beaches or in disturbed coastal areas. Chocolate Hole (A780) Dittlif Pt. (A3969) trail to Salt Pond (A2047). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, TortolaandVirginGordawidespreadthroughouttheCaribbeanbasin. 2.LEPIDIUML. Reference: Hitchcock, C. L. 1945. The Mexican, Central American, and West Indian Lepidia.Madroo8:118143. 1.Lepidiumvirginicum L.,Sp.Pl.645.1753. Distribution: A common weed of open areas, especially on sandy beaches. Bordeaux Road(A2891)alongroadtoHermanFarm(A866).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortola nativetoNorthAmerica,introducedandnaturalizedelsewhere.

19.BURSERACEAE
_______________________________________ (Frankincense Family)

1.BURSERAL.,nom.cons. 1.Burserasimaruba (L.)Sarg.,Gard.&Forest3:260.1890.

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Distribution:Acommontreeofdryforestedhills.Susannaberg(A840,A1861).Alsoon JostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttheCaribbean,also Florida,andMexicotoSouthAmerica. Commonnames: cachibou,nakedindian,gommier,gumbolimbo,redbellytree,takantin, touristtree.

20.CACTACEAE
_______________________________________ (CactusFamily) Keytothegenera 1.Stemterete,withoutribsnormalfoliageleavespresentinadditiontospines Pereskia 1.Stemvarious,butnotasaboveleavesintheformofspinesonly. 2.Plantsspherical,notelongate,withlongitudinalribs. 3.Plantscrownedbyanelongatecephaliumthecephaliumcoveredwithnumerous, slenderredspinesplantsto60cmtallflowersreddishpink Melocactus 3.Plantsrounded,notcrownedbyacephaliumplantto15cmtallflowersyellow. Mammillaria 2.Plantselongatestemseitherflattenedorvariouslyribbed. 4.Branchesflattened,jointedandconstrictedatjoints.Opuntia 4. Branches cylindrical, variously ribbed,but not flattened,jointedorconstrictedat joints. 5.Plantslianas,climbingbymeans ofadventitious roots stemsdeeplyribbed flowers>12cmlong. 6. Stems with 3 or 4 prominent ribs spines conical, < 7 mm long, with swollen bases, 23 mm wide hypanthium glabrous without Hylocereus 6.Stemswith5to8,slightlyprominentribsspinesacicular,58mmlong, < 1 mm wide at base often with long hairs hypanthium densely woollywithout.Selenicereus 5. Plants shrubs or small trees, erect, columnar stems nearly cylindrical with manyshallowribs. 7. Stems with 711 longitudinal ribs areoles with tuft of whitish, long, woollyhairs,especially atapexofstemspinesyellowish,13cmlong Pilosocereus 7. Stems with 914 longitudinal ribs areoles felted, but without long woollyhairsspinesyellowbutturninggrayish,37cmlong .Stenocereus

1.HYLOCEREUSBritton&Rose 1.Hylocereustrigonus(Haw.)Saff.,AnnualRep.Board RegentsSmithsonian Inst. 1908:553.1909. Distribution: Common throughout dry areas. Calabash Boom (A2874). Also on St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Puerto Rico, Mona, and the Lesser Antilles, cultivated and escapedelsewhere.

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Commonnames: chiggerapple,chickenet,nightbloomingcereus. Cultivated species: Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose is found occasionally growingingardens.

2.MAMMILLARIAHaw. 1.Mammillarianivosa Link exPfeiff.,Beschr.Synon.Cact.12.1837. Distribution:Arareplant,onlyafewcoloniesknownfromthenorthshore.NewFound Bay (A4149). Also on Tortola the Puerto Rican islands of Mona and Desecheo, and on Turk, Caicos,Bahamas,Antigua,Barbuda,St.Martin,andSt.Barts.

3.MELOCACTUSLink&Otto 1.Melocactusintortus(Miller)Urb.,Repert.Spec.Nov.RegniVeg.16:35.1919. Distribution:Commonindrycoastalareas.AlongtrailtoDrunkBay(A4679).Alsoon Anegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaPuertoRico,BahamasandtheLesser Antilles. Commonnames:barrelcactus,pope'shead,turk'scap.

4.OPUNTIAMiller Keytothespecies 1.Planttreelike,23mtall,withasinglemaincylindricaltrunkjointbranchesonupperportion, spreadingordescending O.rubescens 1.Plantshrubbyorcreeping,withorwithoutashort,maincylindricalstem. 2.Jointsoblongtolinear O.repens 2.Jointsobovate,ovalornearlyround. 3.Perianthredorcrimsonanderectstamens andstylelongerthanpetalsareoleslacking spines .O.cochenillifera 3. Perianth yellow and spreading stamens and style shorter than petals areoles with or lackingspines. 4.Areolesusuallylackingspinesorafewpresent.O.ficusindica 4.Areoleswithacicularclustersoflong(13cm),yellowishspines.O.dillenii 1.Opuntiacochenillifera (L.)Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8.1768. Distribution: Uncommon in dry coastal scrub, persistent after cultivation. Lameshur (A4145).AlsoonSt.Croix.St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordapossiblynativetoJamaica, nowwidespreadintropicalareasthroughcultivation. Commonname: Frenchpricklypear. 2.Opuntiadillenii (KerGawl.)Haw.,Suppl.Pl.Succ.79.1819. Distribution:OneofthemostcommonOpuntiaspeciesindrycoastalscrubvegetation. Hurricane Hole (A2831). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda

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nativetosoutheasternUnitedStatestoeasternMexico,andtheWestIndies,introducedinnorthern SouthAmerica. Commonnames: bullsucker,missblyden,pricklypear. 3.OpuntiarepensBello,AnalesSoc.Esp.Hist.Nat.10:277.1881. Distribution: Common in dry coastal scrub. Drunk Bay (A4135) Southeast Pond (A2907).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaPuertoRico. Commonname: suckers. 4.OpuntiarubescensSalmDyck exDC., Prodr.3:474. 1828. Distribution:Commonindrycoastalscrubareas.WaterlemonBay(A4132).Alsoon St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaPuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles. Commonnames:blydenbush,budsan'rice,pricklypear. Cultivated species: Opuntia ficusindica (L.) Miller is found occasionally growing in gardensasanornamentalplant,buthasnotnaturalized.

5.PERESKIAMiller 1.Pereskiaaculeata Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8. 1768. Distribution: Apparently spontaneous after cultivation. Along road from Bordeaux to Coral Bay (A4267). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas now throughout tropical America, its placeoforiginunknown. Commonnames: Barbadosgooseberry.

6.PILOSOCEREUSByles&G.Rowley 1.Pilosocereusroyenii (L.)Byles&G.D. Rowley,Cact.Succ.J.Gr.Brit.19:67. 1957. Distribution:Commonindry,coastalscrubareas.SaltPond(A4668).AlsoonAnegada, Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Puerto Rico and the Lesser Antilles. Commonnames:dactaduldul,didledoo,pipeorgan.

7.SELENICEREUSBritton&Rose 1.Selenicereusgrandiflorus(L.)Britton& Rose,Contr.U.S.Natl.Herb.12:430. 1909. Distribution:Commonindrydisturbedareasandalongcoastaltrails(CruzBaytoLind Point).HurricaneHole(A2835).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolanativetoJamaica andCuba,nowwidelyplantedandnaturalizedthroughouttropicalareas. Commonname: nightbloomingcereus.

8.STENOCEREUS(Berger)Riccob. 1.Stenocereusperuvianus(Miller)R.Kiesling,Darwiniana24:446.1982.

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Distribution: Uncommon in dry, coastal scrub. Drunk Bay (A5061). Also occurs on Cuba,Jamaica,Hispaniola,andthePuertoRicanislandsofDesecheo,MuertosandMona. Commonname: pipeorgan.

21.CAMPANULACEAE
_______________________________________ (BellflowerFamily) 1.HIPPOBROMAG.Don 1.Hippobromalongiflora (L.)G.Don,Gen.Hist.3:717.1834. Distribution:Uncommonalongmoistdisturbedareas.AlongroadtoBordeaux(A3130) alongtrailtoSieben(A2065a).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughouttheWest Indies,southernFloridaandtropicalcontinentalAmerica,naturalizedintheOldWorld. Note: The plant is said to be toxic to grazing animals and the milky exudate to be an irritanttoskinandeyes.

22.CANELLACEAE
_______________________________________ (WildCinnamon Family) 1.CANELLAP.Browne,nom.cons. 1.Canellawinterana (L.)Gaertn.,Fruct.Sem.Pl.1:373.1788. Distribution:Commonalongmoist,coastalforests.CruzBayQuarteralongCenterLine Road(A2936)MahoBayQuarteralongNorthShoreRoad(A2841).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix andSt.ThomassouthernFlorida,theWestIndiesandnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonnames:caneel,peppercinnamon,whitebark,wildcinnamon.

23.CAPPARACEAE
_______________________________________ (CaperFamily) Keytothegenera 1.Herbs orsubshrubsleaves palmatelycompound(withthreetosevenleaflets),membranousto chartaceousfruitsopeningbyvalves,leavingaborderwheretheseedsareattached(replum) Cleome 1.Shrubsorsmalltrees,leavessimple,leatheryfruitsopeningornot,notleavingareplum. 2.Fruitglobose.Morisonia 2.Fruitnearlycylindrical,elongate.Capparis

1.CAPPARISL. Keytothespecies

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1.Undersideofleavessilverytogolden(coveredwithstarshapedscales). 2. Leaves leathery, margins strongly revolute flower buds 4angular, with sepals enclosing thepetalspetalswithdiskshapedscalesonlowersurface C.cynophallophora 2. Leaves chartaceous, margins slightly or not revolute flower buds ellipsoid, with short sepalsnotenclosingthepetalspetalsdenselycoveredwithwhite,stellatehairsonboth surfaces C.indica 1.Undersideofleavesgreen,withouthairsorscales. 3. Petioles to 5.5 cm long, swollen at both ends leaves obovate to elliptic, tapering to an auriculatebase.C.baducca 3.Petioleslessthan1cmlong,notswollenleavesnotasabove. 4. Leaves chartaceous, usually elliptic, with acute or acuminate apex fruit woody, ellipsoid,to6cmlongstipeaslongasorlongerthanthefruit C.amplissima 4.Leavesthickleathery,withrounded,obtuseoracuteapexfruitfleshy,oblong,more than8cmlongstipeshorterthanthefruit. 5.Leavesbroadlyoblong,ovalorobovate,withobtuseorsubcordatebase,with5 7pairs ofsecondaryveins,lowersurfacewithminutecavities(visiblewitha handlens)fruit11.3cmwide C.hastata 5. Leaves variable, linear, oblong, lanceolate or obovate, with rounded or obtuse base,with711pairsofsecondaryveins,lowersurfacesmoothfruits68mm wide.C.flexuosa 1.Capparisamplissima Lam.,Encycl.1:607.1785. Distribution: In dry and moist forests from sea level to 300 m elevation. Coral Bay (A1848) Bordeaux Mountain (A1899). Also on St. Thomas and Tortola Hispaniola, Puerto Rico,andDominica. 2.Capparisbaducca L.,Sp.Pl.504.1753. Distribution: Commonintheunderstoryofmoisttodryforests.AlongroadtoBordeaux (A4259) Susannaberg (A4663). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola southernMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica,includingtheWestIndies Commonname: ratbean. 3.Cappariscynophallophora L.,Sp.Pl.504. 1753. Distribution: A common tree found in moist or dry coastal forests. East End(A1798, A1821).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda throughouttheWestIndies, FloridatoCentralAmerica. Commonnames: Jamaicancaper,linguamtree,blackwillie,blackwitty. 4.Capparisflexuosa (L.)L.,Sp.Pl.ed.2,1:722.1762. Distribution:Commonindryandcoastalforests.LindPt.(A2312).AlsoonJostvan Dyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttheWestIndies,andFlorida toSouthAmerica. Commonnames:bottlewiss,dogcaper,limbercaper. 5.Capparishastata Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.23.1760. Distribution: Common in dry seasonal and coastal forests, from sea level to 500 m elevation.AlongtrailtoBrownBay(A1879)PrincessBay(A4685).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St. CroixandSt.ThomasHispaniola,PuertoRico,LesserAntilles,tonorthernSouthAmerica.

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Commonname: capertree. 6.Capparisindica (L.)Druce,Bot.Exch.ClubSoc.Brit.Isles3:415.1914[Feb]. Distribution: In dry forests or thickets, from sea level to 330 m elev. Along road to Bordeaux(W117) CruzBayQuarteralongCenterLineRoad(5036)Lameshur(A5444).Also onJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordasouthernMexicotonorthern SouthAmerica,includingtheWestIndies. Commonname: linguam.

2.CLEOMEL. Keytothespecies 1.Petalsyellow,stamensnotprojectingbeyondthepetalsplantsviscous.C.viscosa 1.Petalswhite,stamensprojectingbeyondthepetalsplantsnotviscous. 2.Stipulesspinyfloralbractssimplefruitstipewithoutarticulation.C.spinosa 2. Stipules wanting floral bracts trifoliolate fruit stipe with articulation at its middle C. gynandra 1.Cleomegynandra L.,Sp.Pl.671.1753. Distribution: Inopen,disturbedareas.Emmaus(W326).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas and Tortola introduced from Africa into the Caribbean at an early date, now from southeastern UnitedStatestoBrazil. Commonnames:massambee,smallspiderflower. 2.Cleomespinosa Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.26.1760. Distribution: In open disturbed areas and along roadsides. Emmaus (A1993, A3777). AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomaswidelydistributedintheNewWorld. Commonnames: spiderflower,wildmassambee. Note: This is not thecultivatedC.spinosaofauthors(C.hasslerianaChod.)withpink petalsandglabrousovaries. 3.Cleomeviscosa L.,Sp.Pl.672.1753. Distribution: Common in open, disturbed areas. Cruz Bay (A1954, A2353) Emmaus (A1997).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaatemperateandtropicalweed nativetotheOldWorldtropics.

3.MORISONIAL. 1.Morisonia americana L.,Sp.Pl.503.1753. Distribution: A common species in moist to dry forests. Along road to Bordeaux (A4678) Lameshur(B514,V3100).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortola andfromwesternMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica,includingtheWestIndies. Commonname: ratapple.

24.CARICACEAE

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_______________________________________ (PapayaFamily) 1.CARICAL. 1.Caricapapaya L.,Sp.Pl.1036.1753. Distribution:Mainlycultivated,butalsospontaneousinmoist,disturbedareas.GiftHill (A820)GreatCruzBay(A2365).NativetotropicalAmerica,nowwidelycultivatedthroughout thetropics. Commonname: papaya.

25.CASUARINACEAE
_______________________________________ (AustralianPine Family) 1.CASUARINAL. 1.Casuarinaequisetifolia L.,Amoen.Acad.4:143.1759. Distribution: Anuncommonornamentaltree.TurnerBay(A4661).NativetoAustralia, nowwidelyplantedthroughoutthetropics. Commonname: Australianpine,weepingwillow.

26.CECROPIACEAE
_______________________________________ 1.CECROPIALoefl.,nom.cons. 1.Cecropiaschreberiana Miq.inMart.,Fl.Bras.4:150.1853. Distribution:Afastgrowingtreeofmoistsecondaryforestsanddisturbedareassuchas roadsidesandlandslides.CruzBayQuarter,alongCenterLineRoad(A2845).AlsoonSt.Croix, St.ThomasandTortolathroughouttheWestIndies. Commonnames: trumpettree,trumpetwood.

27.CELASTRACEAE
_______________________________________ (BittersweetFamily) Keytothegenera 1.Leavesoppositetosuboppositeflowersinaxillary,dichasialcymes. 2.Flower5merousfruits>2cmlong,leathery.Cassine 2.Flowers4merousfruits<5mmlong,fleshy.Crossopetalum 1.Leavesalternateflowersfasciculateinleafaxils. 3. Leaf margins strongly revolute, and white flower 5 merous fruits ellipsoid to nearly globose,green,11.2cmlong,capsularseedwithwhitearil.Maytenus

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3. Leaf margins slightly revolute but not white flowers 4merous fruits ellipsoid to nearly globose, with a median longitudinal groove, yellow to orange, 45 mm long, drupaceousseednotarillate Schaefferia

1.CASSINEL. 1.Cassinexylocarpa Vent.,ChoixPl.23,t.23.1803. Distribution: Common in dry forests along the coast. Cinnamon Bay (M17083) Salt Pond(A2951)SouthsidePond(A1824).AlsoonAnegada,JostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas, TortolaandVirginGordaineasternMexico,Panama,VenezuelaandtheWestIndies. Commonnames: nutmuscat,nothingnut,spoontree,tonton.

2.CROSSOPETALUMP.Browne 1.Crossopetalumrhacoma Crantz,Inst.ReiHerb.2:321.1766. Distribution: Commonindryforests.FishBay(A2372)SaltPond(M17063).Alsoon Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola andVirginGorda MexicotonorthernSouthAmerica, includingtheWestIndies.

3.MAYTENUSMolina 1.Maytenuslaevigata (Vahl)Griseb.exEggers,Vidensk. Meddel.Dansk Naturhist. Foren.Kjbenhavn8:109. 1876. Distribution: Common in moist forests and in dry evergreen woodlands. Lameshur (A2716) alongtrailtoSieben(A2069).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.CroixandSt.Thomasand throughouttheGreaterandLesserAntilles.

4.SCHAEFFERIAJacq. 1.SchaefferiafrutescensJacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.33.1760. Distribution: Common in dry forests and dry evergreen woodlands. Monte (A2375) Southside Pond (A1859). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin GordaGreaterandLesserAntilles,southernMexicotoSouthAmerica. Commonname: boxwood.

28.CHENOPODIACEAE
_______________________________________ (GoosefootFamily) Keytothegenera 1. Leaves 13 cm long, farinaceous, densely covered with whitish hairs on lower surface inflorescenceashortclusterofflowers.Atriplex

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1. Leaves 29 cm long, glabrous or nearly so inflorescence elongate, with distinct clusters of flowersspacedalongtherachis Chenopodium

1.ATRIPLEXL. 1.Atriplexcristata Humb.&Bonpl.exWilld.,Sp.Pl.4:959.1806. Distribution: Rare,occasionallyfoundalongsandybeaches.NewfoundBay(W285F). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola Florida, Bahamas, Greater Antilles, Curaao and northernSouthAmerica.

2.CHENOPODIUML. 1.ChenopodiumambrosioidesL.,Sp.Pl.219.1753. Distribution: In open waste ground. Cinnamon Bay (W634). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola a weedy species nativetoCentralAmerica,nowcultivatedandnaturalized worldwideinwarmregions. Commonnames:wormseed,wormwood.

29.CHRYSOBALANACEAE
_______________________________________ (CocoPlum Family) 1.CHRYSOBALANUSL. 1.ChrysobalanusicacoL.,Sp.Pl.513.1753. Distribution: Uncommoninmoistforests.Bordeaux(B564) Rosenberg(B286).Also onSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaFloridatocoastalsouthernBrazil,including theWestIndies,thePacificcoastofCentralAmericaandthewesterncoastofAfrica. Commonnames:cacos,cocoplum,icaco,fatpork,Spanishnectarine.

30.CLUSIACEAE
_______________________________________ (MammeeApple Family) Keytothegenera 1.Freestandingorstranglingtree,usuallywithnumerousstiltrootsflowers810cmdiam.fruit agreencapsule,3.55cmdiam.seedsnumerous,5mmlong,withreddisharil Clusia 1. Free standing tree, without stilt roots flowers 2.53 cmdiam. fruit indehiscent,tan,715cm diam.seeds24,58cmlong,withoutaril.Mammea

1.CLUSIAL. 1.Clusiarosea Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.34.1760.

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Distribution: Common in moist forests, but also present in dry coastal vegetation. Bordeaux (A1919) White Cliffs (A756). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin GordatheBahamas,GreaterAntilles,AnguillaandSt.Martin. Commonnames: pitchapple,autographtree,chigger,falsemammee.

2.MAMMEAL. 1.Mammeaamericana L.,Sp.Pl.512.1753. Distribution: Uncommon in moist forests. Coral BayQuarteralongCenterLineRoad (A2842).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughouttheWestIndies,Mexico,Central AmericaandTrinidad. Commonname: mammeeapple.

31.COMBRETACEAE
_______________________________________ Keytothegenera 1.Lianaorclimbingshrubhypanthiumbrightred,longtubular Quisqualis 1.Treeshypanthiumgreenishtowhitish,cupshaped. 2.Fruitmultiple,pineconelike Conocarpus 2.Fruitsolitary,smoothorridged,notpineconelike. 3.Treesgrowinginpermanentorseasonallyfloodedareas..Laguncularia 3.Treesgrowingonnonfloodedland. 4.Fruit4.56cmlong,hardleavesobovate,12to30cmlong.Terminalia 4.Fruit<2.5cmlong,fleshyleavesspatulate,<7cmlong. 5. Leaf blade without glands fruits ellipsoid, 22.5 cm long, smooth inner bark yellowish Buchenavia 5.Leafbladewithapairofimpressedglandsatbasefruitsconical,46mmlong,5 angledinnerbarklightbrown Bucida

1.BUCHENAVIAL.,nom.cons. 1.Buchenaviatetraphylla (Aubl.)R.A.Howard,J.ArnoldArbor.64:266.1983. Distribution: Commoninmoistforests.Bordeaux(A4702).AlsoonTortolatheWest IndiesandPanamatoSouthAmerica.

2.BUCIDAL. 1.BucidabucerasL.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1025. 1759. Distribution: Common in moist and coastal forests. Adrian Ruins (A722) Lameshur (A4047).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughouttheWestIndies, FloridaandCentralAmerica. Commonnames: greegreetree,gregery,gri gri.

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3.CONOCARPUSL. 1.ConocarpuserectusL.,Sp.Pl.176.1753. Distribution: Commonalongthecoast,sometimesinswampyareasbutalsoindrysoils orevenonrockyshores.Fortsberg(A4082).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirgin GordathroughouttropicalAmericaandthewesterncoastofAfrica. Commonnames: buttonwood,buttonmangrove.

4.LAGUNCULARIAC.F.Gaertn. 1.Lagunculariaracemosa (L.)C.F.Gaertn.,Suppl.Carp. 209,t.217,f.3.1807. Distribution: Common along the coast in mangrove swamps and along sandy beaches. Great Cruz Bay (A791) Fish Bay (A3902). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttropicalAmericaandwesternAfrica. Commonname: whitemangrove.

5.QUISQUALISL. 1.Quisqualisindica L.,Sp.Pl.ed.2,1:556. 1762. Distribution: Uncommonornamentalplant,ingardens,persistentaftercultivation.Mary Pt.(W535).Commonlypersistingaftercultivationthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:hearto'man,Rangooncreeper.

6.TERMINALIAL. 1.Terminaliacatappa L.,Syst.Nat.ed.12,2: 674.1767. Distribution: Commonlyplantedalongroads. CruzBayQuarterinfrontofParkService Headquarters (A2917). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola native to Malaysia, now naturalizedmainlyincoastalareasthroughouttheNeotropics. Commonnames: almondtree,WestIndian almond.

32.CONVOLVULACEAE
_______________________________________ (MorningGlory Family) Keytothegenera 1.Styles2prostratetoerectherbsorsubshrubs.Evolvulus 1.Style1twiningvines(exceptforIpomoeacarneawhichisanerectshrub). 2.Stigmagloboseornearlysofruitsindehiscentor4valvate. 3.Fruitsindehiscent,seedsfreedbydissolutionoffruitwall Stictocardia 3.Fruitadehiscentcapsule,openingalong4valves.

221
4.Antherstwistedafterdehiscenceleavesusuallypalmatelycompound(exceptM. umbellata)sepalselongateinfruit Merremia 4.Anthersnottwistedleavesentireorlobedsepalsnotelongateinfruit.Ipomoea 2.Stigmafiliform,oblongorellipsoidfruits4valvatebuteachvalvesplittingintwo. 5.Stigmafiliformcorollawhite.Convolvulus 5.Stigmaoblongcorollablue,whiteorred Jacquemontia

1.CONVOLVULUSL. 1.ConvolvulusnodiflorusDesr.inLam., Encycl.3:557.1792. Distribution: Commonindryopenareas.CoralBay(A4000)FishBay(A2378)Salt Pond (A3165). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola andVirginGorda throughout theWest Indies,CentralandSouthAmerica. Commonname: clashimulat.

2.EVOLVULUSL. Keytothespecies 1.Plantscreeping,rootingatnodesleafapexusuallynotchedflowerssessileornearlyso.E. nummularius 1.Plantserecttodecumbentleafapexobtuse,roundedorseldomnotchedandmucronateflowers orinflorescencesonelongatepeduncle. 2. Leaf oblong to obovate or nearly rounded, mucronate at apex corolla 810 mm diam. flowerssolitary E.convolvuloides 2. Leaves lanceolate or linear, acute at apex corolla 35 mm diam. flowers solitary or severalincymes.E.filipes 1.Evolvulusconvolvuloides(Willd.exSchult.)Stearn,Taxon21:649.1972. Distribution: Uncommonherbfoundinmoistdisturbedareas.EastEndQuarteralong CenterLineRoad(A2780)SouthsidePond(W604A).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas, TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttropicalAmerica. 2.EvolvulusfilipesMart.,Flora24(Beibl.2):100.1841. Distribution: Anuncommonherbfoundindisturbedareas.Enighed(A4269).Alsoon St. Croix, St. Thomas and Virgin Gorda Mexico to South America, Jamaica, and the Lesser Antilles. 3.Evolvulusnummularius(L.)L.,Sp.Pl.ed.2, 1:391. 1762. Distribution: Found along disturbed areas. Lameshur (A3151, A4045). Also on St. CroixandSt.ThomasthroughouttropicalAmerica,Africa,MadagascarandIndia.

3.IPOMOEAL. Keytothespecies

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1.Plantanerectshrub .I.carnea subsp.fistulosa 1.Plantscreepingortwiningvines. 2. Plants creeping, rooting at nodes, seldomclimbing leaves deeplynotchedat apex found alongsandybeaches.I.pescaprae 2.Plantstwiningvines,usuallynotrootingatnodesleavesotherwiseinland,rarelyalongthe coast. 3.Corollayellow,withburgundycenter.I.ochracea 3.Corollavariouslycolored,butnotyellow. 4.Corollatrumpetshaped(usuallywithexsertedstamensandstigmas). 5.Corollascarlettoorangeredorbrightpink,diurnal. 6. Corolla bright pink, thick, with 5 reflexed, acutelobesstamens pink sepals pink,rounded leaves usuallyovatetolanceolate,withanearlytruncatebase I.repanda 6.Corollascarlettoredorange,thin,thelobesshallowandrounded,notreflexed stamens white or pink sepals green, lanceolate leaves ovate, 35lobed, cordateatbase I.hederifolia 5.Corollawhite,nocturnal I.violacea 4.Corollafunnelorbellshapedstamensandstigmasincluded. 7. Leaves kidneyshaped to lyrate, less than 1.5 cm long, congested on short axillarybranchespetiolesoftenlongerthantheblades I.eggersii 7. Leaves variously shaped, but not kidneyshaped or lyrate, longer than 2.5 cm long,seldomcongestedonlateralbranchespetiolesshorterthantheblades. 8.Corollalessthan1.5cmlong I.triloba 8.Corolla4cmorlonger. 9.Corolla57cmlong,5.56.6cmwide. 10. Sepals 1218 mm long, without hyaline margins, the apex acuminate corollatubedarkerwithin. 11. Sepals with 3 prominent main, parallel veins, projecting like keels corolla pink . I. setifera 11.Sepalswithoutveinsprojectingaskeelscorollareddishviolet I.indica var.acuminata 10.Sepals68mmlong,withoutconspicuousveins,themarginshyalinecorollablue,turning violetwithage I.tricolor 9.Corolla44.5cmlong,3.55cmwide. 12.Sepalslanceolate,23cmlong,hirsuteatbasecorollapaleblue,lilacorfuchsia,thetube whitishwithin.I.nil 12.Sepalsovate,812mmlong,glabrouscorollapink,thetubedarkerwithin.I.tiliacea

1.Ipomoeacarnea Jacq.subsp.fistulosa (Mart.exChoisy)D.F.Austin,Taxon26:237. 1977. Distribution: Uncommon, mostly found under cultivation as an ornamental,withafew naturalizedpopulations.MariaBluff(A1988).Cultivatedthroughoutthetropics. 2.Ipomoeaeggersii (House)D.F.Austin,Ann.MissouriBot.Gard.64:335.1979. Distribution: Commonindrycoastalscrubandalongbeachareas.LindPoint(A3095) Salt Pond (A762) White Cliffs (A2711). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin GordatheLesserAntilles.

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3.Ipomoeahederifolia L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:925.1759. Distribution: Uncommonindisturbedopenareas.CruzBay(A2347,A3082)Enighed (A3101). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas throughout the West Indies, Central and South America,introducedintotheOldWorldtropics. Commonname: sweetwilliam. 4.Ipomoeaindica (Burman)Merr.var.acuminata (Vahl) Fosberg,Bot.Not.129:38.1976. Distribution: Notcommon,foundinopen,disturbedareasnearthecoast.Alongtrailto Brown Bay (A4127) Johnson Bay (A4666) Maho Bay Camp (A4051). Also onSt.Croix,St. ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalAmerica. 5.Ipomoeanil (L.)Roth,Catal.Bot.1:36. 1797. Distribution: Uncommon in open disturbed areas. Enighed (A3100) Lind Point (A2315)LameshurBay(A3161).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolanativetoMexico, nowwidespreadthroughoutthetropics. Commonname: morningglory. 6.Ipomoeaochracea (Lindl.)G.Don,Gen. Hist.4:270.1838. Distribution: Apparently a recent introduction, found only in Cruz Bay Quarter along North Shore Road close to vic. of Caneel Bay (A2607, A3096, A4099). Also on St. Croix possiblynativetotropicalAfrica,nowcultivatedthroughoutthetropics. 7.Ipomoeapescaprae(L.)R.Br.inTuckey,Narr.Exped.Zaire477.1818. Distribution: Commonalongsandybeaches.SaltPondBay(A2052).AlsoonAnegada, St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:bayvine,beachmorningglory,goatfootmorningglory. 8.Ipomoearepanda Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.13.1760. Distribution: One of the most commonIpomoeaspecies ontheisland,mostlyfoundin moistareas.CenterLineRoadbykm3.4(A2400)alongroadtoBordeaux(A3123).AlsoonSt. ThomasandTortolaPuertoRicoandintheLesserAntilles. Commonname: MarideLugo. 9.Ipomoeasetifera Poir.inLam.,Encycl.6:17.1804. Distribution: Uncommoninmoistopenareas.CenterLineRoadbykm1(A3094).Also intropicalAmericaandtropicalAfrica. 10.Ipomoeatiliacea (Willd.)Choisy inA.DC.,Prodr.9: 375.1845. Distribution: Commoninmoistopenareas.CruzBayQuarteralongRoad104bykm 3.4 (A2650) Fish Bay (A2468). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda throughouttropicalAmerica,introducedintotheOldWorldtropics. Commonname: willyvine. 11.IpomoeatricolorCav.,Icon.3:5,t.208.1795. Ipomoeaviolaceasensuauthors,notL., 1753.

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Distribution: Introduced, probably as an ornamental, found in a few open disturbed areas. Bethany (B210) Susannaberg (A3119). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas native to CentralAmerica,nowwidelycultivatedandnaturalizedthroughoutthetropics. 12.Ipomoeatriloba L.,Sp.Pl.161.1753. Distribution: A common weed of open disturbed areas. Enighed (A3099) Lind Point (A2314) trail to Sieben (A2056). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda nativetotropicalAmerica,nowwidespreadasaweedthroughoutthetropics. 13.Ipomoeaviolacea L.,Sp.Pl.161.1753. Distribution: Commonincoastalareas.Emmaus(A4007)NannyPoint(A2451).Also onSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughoutthetropics.

4.JACQUEMONTIAChoisy Keytothespecies 1.Corollatubular,22.5cmlong,scarlet.J.solanifolia 1.Corollarotateorfunnelshaped,<1.5cmlong,blueorwhite. 2.Corollafunnelshaped,white.J.havanensis 2.Corollarotate,blueorvioletblue,withwhitishstarshapedcenter. 3.Plantferruginous,tomentose J.cumanensis 3.Plantfinelypubescent.J.pentanthos 1.Jacquemontiacumanensis(Kunth)Kuntze,Revis.Gen.Pl.2:441.1891. Distribution: Occasional along coastalareas.DittlifPoint (A3964,A3971) eastsideofMinnaHill(A4237). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaPuertoRico,theNetherlandsAntillesandVenezuela. 2.Jacquemontiahavanensis(Jacq.)Urb., Symb.Antill.3:342.1902. Distribution: Uncommon along coastal areas. Chocolate Hole (A2348) Harbor Point (A4077).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttheWestIndies, FloridaandeasternMexicotoBelize. 3.Jacquemontiapentanthos(Jacq.)G.Don,Gen.Hist.4: 283.1838. Distribution: Very common throughout the island. Bordeaux (B592) East End Pt. (A687)trailtoMargaretHill(A2306).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda throughouttheNeotropics,introducedinMalaysiaandCeylon. Commonnames: clashiemalashie,wilddaisy. 4.Jacquemontiasolanifolia (L.)H.Hallier,Bot.Jahrb.Syst.16:542.1893. Distribution: Uncommon, found in a few locations in coastal forests. Eastern side of Reef Bay (A2663, A3989). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas Puerto Rico and the Lesser Antilles.

5.MERREMIAEndl. Keytothespecies

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1.Leavessimpleinflorescenceumbellike.M.umbellata 1. Leaves 57palmately compoundorpalmatelylobed flowers solitaryorafewinlaxdichasial cymes. 2.Plantglabrousleaves7palmatelylobedcorollabrightyellow.M.tuberosa 2.Planthispidleaves5palmatelycompoundcorollawhite(withreddishorpinkishcenter) orlightyellow. 3.Marginsofleafletsentireinflorescenceaxesandsepalshispid M.aegyptia 3.Marginsofleafletsserrateorlobedinflorescenceaxesandsepalsglabrous. 4.Marginsofleafletslobedcorolla2.53.5cmlong,whitewithreddishcenter sepalsaccrescentinfruit(2.5cmorlonger).M.dissecta 4.Marginsofleafletsserratecorollato2cmlong,lightyelloworwhitishwith pinkishcentersepalsnotaccrescent(1cmlong) .M.quinquefolia 1.Merremiaaegyptia (L.)Urb.,Symb.Antill.4:505.1910. Distribution: Occasionalinopendisturbedareas.CruzBay(A3080).AlsoonSt.Croix, St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughoutthetropics. 2.Merremiadissecta (Jacq.)H.Hallier,Bot.Jahrb.Syst.16:552.1893. Distribution: Occasional in open, disturbed areas. Coral Bay (A1987). Also on St. Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughoutthetropics. Commonname: noyanvine. 3.Merremiaquinquefolia (L.)H.Hallier,Bot.Jahrb.Syst.16:552.1893. Distribution: A common weed, found in open areas. Cruz Bay (A3081) Fish Bay (A3895) Lind Point (A2296). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda throughouttropicalAmerica. 4.Merremiatuberosa (L.)Rendle inDyer,Fl.Trop.Afr.4:104.1905. Distribution: Uncommon, cultivated or found as an escape. Lower Cruz Bay Gut (W787). Apparently native to tropical America, now widespread in cultivation and escaped throughoutthetropics. Commonname: woodrose. 5.Merremiaumbellata (L.)H.Hallier,Bot.Jahrb.Syst.16:552.1893. Distribution: Commoninopen,disturbedareas.FishBay(A2467,A2472)PeterPeak (A4103).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughoutthetropics.

6.STICTOCARDIAH.Hallier 1.Stictocardiatiliifolia (Desr.)H.Hallier,Bot.Jahrb. Syst.18:159.1893. Distribution: Uncommon,foundinopendisturbedareas.AdrianRuins(A2898,A3120, A4008).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolanativetotheAsiantropics,nowwidespread throughcultivation.

33.CRASSULACEAE

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_______________________________________ (LifePlantFamily) 1.BRYOPHYLLUMSalisb. 1.Bryophyllumpinnatum (Lam.)Oken,Allg.Naturgesch.3:1966.1841. Distribution: A common weed found in open, disturbed areas. Susannaberg (A2384, A3959). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas andTortola nativetoMadagascar,nowcultivatedand naturalizedthroughouttheNeotropics. Common names:clapperbush,greenlove,leafoflife,lifeplant,wonderfulleaf.

34.CUCURBITACEAE
_______________________________________ (CucumberFamily) Keytothegenera 1.Fruitellipsoidangulartofusiformangular,orangeyellow,withthornlikeprojections(muricate) along 6 ridges, opening along 3 valves, exposing numerous seeds covered with red arils Momordica 1. Fruit ellipsoid, obovoid to cylindrical, not angular, variously colored but not orangeyellow, smoothorwithspinelikeprojections,indehiscentseedsnotcoveredwitharedaril. 2.Fruitwithnumerousspinelike projections(spinulose)vinemostlycreeping Cucumis 2.Fruitsmoothvineclimbing. 3. Fruit 2045 cm long with fibrous mesocarp corolla bright yellow, 24.5 cm long Luffa 3.Fruit12cmlongwithfleshymesocarpcorollawhiteorlightyellow,to1.5cmwide. 4.Fruitcongestedinleafaxils.Doyerea 4.Fruitsolitaryorinracemes. 5.Plantslender,to2mlongleavesmembranouscorollalightyellow,5mm across.Melothria 5.Plantrobust,to10mlongleaveschartaceouscorollawhitishoryellowish green,1.5cmacross Cayaponia

1.CAYAPONIASilvaManso,nom.cons. 1.Cayaponiaamericana (Lam.)Cogn.in A.DC.&C.DC., Monogr. Phan. 3: 785.1881. Distribution: Commoninopenmoistareas.Bethany(B205)Susannaberg(A702)trail to Sieben (A2065). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda throughout the WestIndies.

2.CUCUMISL. 1.Cucumisanguria L.,Sp.Pl.1011.1753.

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Distribution: Not common, found in a few disturbed sites. Pen Point (A4023). Also Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola native to Africa, now spontaneous throughout the WestIndies,CentralAmericaandSouthAmerica. Common name: wildcucumber.

3.DOYEREAGrosourdy 1.Doyereaemetocathartica Grosourdy,Med. Bot.Criollo2: 338.1864. Distribution: Common in coastal scrubs. Haulover Pt. (A4226) Lameshur (A4044) Maho Bay (A1944). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas Mexico to northern South America includingtheWestIndies.

4.LUFFAMiller 1.Luffaaegyptiaca Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8.1768. Distribution: Spontaneousaftercultivation.TurnerBay(A4066).AlsoonSt.Croixand St.ThomasnativetotheOldWorld,butcultivatedandnowspontaneousthroughoutthetropics. Common names:spongecucumber,strainervine.

5.MELOTHRIAL. 1.Melothriapendula L.,Sp.Pl.35.1753. Distribution: Occasional in open, moist areas. Maho Bay Quarter along Center Line Road (A2413). Also St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda throughout tropical America.

6.MOMORDICAL. 1.Momordicacharantia L.,Sp.Pl.1009.1753. Fig.90AF. Distribution: Commoninopen,moistareas.Lameshur(A2734)JohnsonBay(A4671). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda originally native to the Old World tropics,nowpantropicalindistribution. Common names:jumbiepumkin,maidenapple,oldmaid. Note: Thegroundseedsaresaidtobepoisonous. Cultivatedspecies: Thecommonsquashorpumpkin(Cucurbitamoschata(Lam.)Poir.) has been collected from spontaneous individuals (A3118) however, it does not seem to be persistent.

35.CUSCUTACEAE
_______________________________________ (LovePlantFamily)

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1.CUSCUTAL. Keytothespecies 1. Plant robust stems 1.52.5 mm diam., forming a tangle a few meters long sepals rounded capsulesmostlyoneseeded.C.americana 1. Plant slender stems to 0.5 mm diam., less than 30 cm long sepals lanceolate capsules four seeded C.umbellata 1.Cuscutaamericana L.,Sp.Pl.124.1753. Distribution: Common in open, dry areas. Fish Bay (A2466) Lameshur (A2569) NannyPt.(A2453).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaacommonweed throughouttheNewWorld. Common names:love,lovebush,lovevine,yellowdodder,yellowlove. 2.Cuscutaumbellata Kunth inHumb.,Bonpl.&Kunth,Nov.Gen.Sp.3:121. 1819. Distribution: Rare,foundonlyinafewlocalities.Annaberg(W784).Alsothroughout tropicalAmerica.

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36.ERYTHROXYLACEAE
_______________________________________ (CocaFamily)

1.ERYTHROXYLUMP.Browne 1.ErythroxylumbrevipesDC.,Prodr.1:573. 1824. Distribution: A common shrub from moist forests to coastal scrub. Cinnamon Bay (M17010) Europa Bay (A742) Lind Point (A2696). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaHispaniola,PuertoRicoandSt.Barts. Common names: brazilette,brizzlet,wildcherry.

37.EUPHORBIACEAE
_______________________________________ (PoinsettiaFamily) ReviewedbyLynnJ.Gillespie Keytothegenera 1.Flowersinpseudanthia. 2. Plants twining climbers, not producing milky latex pseudanthial bracts foliaceous . Dalechampia 2. Plants erect or prostrate, not twining or climbing, producing abundant milky latex pseudanthiacupshaped(cyathia)orelongate. 3. Cyathia elongate, with a basal spur, reddish, showy, without apical glands Pedilanthus 3.Cyathiacupshapedandnotspurred,mostlygreen,usuallywith4or5apicalglands bearingapetallikeappendage. 4. Plants prostrate to erect leaves opposite, oblique at base, usually with serrate marginspistillateflowerslackingcalyx Chamaesyce 4.Plantserectleaves alternate,symmetricalat base,usuallywithentiremargins pistillateflowerswithminuteorrudimentarycalyx.Euphorbia 1.Flowersinspikes,cymes,cymules,racemes,paniclesorfascicles. 5.Ovarywithtwoovulesperlocule. 6.Nectarydiskintrastaminalovaryofonecarpelfruitanellipsoiddrupe. Drypetes 6. Nectary disk extrastaminal or wanting ovary of 3many carpels fruit a capsule, or a manylobeddrupe,flattenedatpoles. 7.Corollapresent Savia 7.Corollaabsent. 8. Lateral branch tips sharp, spinelike staminate flower subsessile (pedicel to 1mm long).Flueggea 8.Plantswithoutspinesstaminateflowersdistinctlypedicellate. 9.Plantsdioeciousseedswithfleshybluishseedcoat Margaritaria 9.Plantsmonoeciousseedswithoutafleshyorbluishcoat.Phyllanthus 5.Ovarywithoneovuleperlocule.

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10.Plantsdioecious.Adelia 10.Plantmonoecious. 11.Plantcoveredwithstellatehairsorusuallywithlepidotescales Croton 11.Plantglabrousorpubescentbutnotasabove. 12.Corollapresent. 13.Corollared,pinkorrarelywhitenectarydiskannular,cupshapedorlobed stamens 815, in two whorls style simple or bifid plant usually with glandularvisciduloushairsorglabrous.Jatropha 13. Corolla white nectary disk divided into 45 glands stamens 45, in one whorl style twice bifid plant glabrous or covered with Tshaped hairs Argythamnia 12.Corollawanting. 14.Plantsclimbingortwining,coveredwithstinginghairs.Tragia 14.Plantserectherbs,shrubsortrees,withoutstinging hairs. 15.Bractsnonglandular. 16.Herbsleafmarginsserratecalyxpresent,stamens48.Acalypha 16. Shrubs or small trees leaf margins toothed to crenate calyx wanting or rudimentary,stamens2or3.Gymnanthes 15.Bractsofstaminateflowersbiglandular. 17.Plantwithclearlatexpetiolesnotglandular Ricinus 17.Plantwithcopiousmilkylatexpetioleswith1or2apicalglands. 18.Staminateflowersofnumerousstamensin2or3whorls.Hura 18.Staminateflowersof2stamensinonewhorl. 19. Fruit a 3locular capsule, 56 cm long petioles with 2 apical glands Sapium 19.Fruita610loculardrupe,11.5cmlongpetioleswith1apicalgland .Hippomane

1.ACALYPHAL. 1.Acalyphapoiretii Spreng.,Syst.Veg.3:879. 1826. Distribution:Aweedofopenareas,introducedfromtheOldWorldtropics.Annaberg Ruins(A2925)CenterLineRoadbyentrancetoBordeaux(A3846)JohnsonBay(A3156).Also onSt.ThomasandSt.CroixPuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles.

2.ADELIAL.,nom.cons. 1.Adeliaricinella L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1298.1759. Distribution: Occasionalincoastalthickets.CaneelBay(A5261)CoralBay(Raunkir s.n.).AlsoonTortolaandVirginGordaGreaterAntilles,LesserAntillesandnorthernVenezuela.

3.ARGYTHAMNIAP.Browne Keytothespecies 1.Lowerectordecumbentsubshrubpistillateflowersapetalous A.stahlii

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1.Erectshrubsorsubshrubspistillateandstaminateflowerswithpetals. 2.Leavesalternate,notcongestedstamens4.A.candicans 2.Leavescongestedonshortlateralshootsstamens10 A.fasciculata 1.ArgythamniacandicansSw.,Prodr.39. 1788. Distribution: Common as an understory shrub in coastal woodlands. Bethany(B199) Europa Bay (A3195). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Bahamas,GreaterAntilles,andrareintheLesserAntilles. 2.Argythamniafasciculata (Vahl exA.Juss.) Mll.Arg.,Linnaea34:146.1865. Distribution: Acommonshrubincoastalwoodlands.GreatCruzBay(A2374)Emmaus (A3117)southernslopesofFishBay(A3113).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirgin GordaPuertoRico,CubaandSt.Martin. 3.Argythamniastahlii Urb.,Symb.Antill.1: 336.1899. Distribution: An uncommon shrub of coastal open areas. East End Pond (A4070) easternslopesofWhiteCliffs(A2033).AlsoonAnegadaPuertoRico.

4.CHAMAESYCEGray ReviewedbyAlanHerndon Keytothespecies 1.Shrubtosmalltreeleaveslineartonarrowlyoblong.C.articulata 1.Herbsorlowshrubsleavesvariouslyshapedbutnotlinear. 2.Capsulesglabrous. 3.Leaveswithentiremargins. 4.Plantserect,to50cmtallleavesnearlycoriaceous,ascending,nearlyoverlapping,5 13mmlong,withtruncatetocordatebase C.mesembrianthemifolia 4.Plantsusuallyprostrate(seldomerect),to20cmlongleavesmembranousspreading, notoverlapping,26mmlong,withroundedtosubcordatebase C.serpens 3.Leaveswithserratemargins. 5.Stipuleslanceolate,12.5mmlong,usuallyspreadingatmaturity.C.hypericifolia 5.Stipuleswidetriangular,0.5mmlong,notreflexed C.hyssopifolia 2.Capsulespubescent. 6.Plantusuallyprostrateandspreading,glabrousortomentose(pubescenceofminutecurly hairs). 7.Capsulepubescentonlyonanglesleavesglabrous.C.prostrata 7.Capsulewithscatteredhairsleavespubescent.C.thymifolia 6.Plantusuallyerectordecumbentpubescenceoftwotypeofhairs(whitish,minute,curly orappressedorlong,erectwithreddishororangecrosswalls). 8. Plant many branched from base inflorescence on short axillary densely clustered glomerulescyathiaglandswithroundedappendages.C.hirta 8.Plantpseudodichotomouslybranchedinflorescenceterminalonleafybranchescyathia glandswithoutappendages C.opthalmica 1.Chamaesycearticulata (Aubl.)Britton, 1916. Mem.NewYork Bot. Gard. 6: 574.

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Distribution: A common shrub of open sandy coasts and coastal thickets. Emmaus (A3116)Lameshur(A603).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda PuertoRicotheBahamas,andtheLesserAntilles. 2.Chamaesycehirta (L.)Millsp.,Publ.Field ColumbianMus.,Bot.Ser.2:303. 1909. Distribution: A common weed of open and disturbed areas. Lind Pt. (A1973) Maria Bluff(A3110).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaapantropicalweed. Commonname: milkweed. 3.Chamaesycehypericifolia (L.)Millsp.,Publ. FieldColumbianMus.,Bot.Ser.2:302.1913. Distribution: Acommonweed.FishBayGut(A3872)JohnsonBay(A3159).Alsoon St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalAmerica. 4.Chamaesycehyssopifolia (L.)Small,Bull. NewYorkBot. Gard.3:429.1905. Distribution: A common weed. AlongroadtoBordeaux(A2590) CruzBay(A3090) FishBay(A2499).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalAmerica. 5.Chamaesycemesembrianthemifolia (Jacq.)Dugand,Phytologia13:385.1966. Distribution: Commonalongsandycoasts.RamHeadPt.(A2916)Fortsberg(A4079) BrownBay(A1871).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.ThomasandVirginGordatheWestIndies, VenezuelaandColombia. 6.Chamaesyceopthalmica (Pers.)Burch,Ann. MissouriBot.Gard.53:98.1966. Distribution: Commonindisturbed,openareas.JohnsFolly(A3941)LindPt.(A4238). AlsothroughouttheWestIndiesandinFlorida. 7.Chamaesyceprostrata (Aiton)Small,Fl. S.E.U.S.713.1903. Distribution: Uncommonindisturbed,openareas.Johns Folly(A3940,A3942).Also onTortola,VirginGordathroughouttheWestIndies,Florida,MexicoandSouthAmerica. 8.Chamaesyceserpens(Kunth)Small,Fl.S.E.U.S.709.1903. Distribution: Acommonroadsideweed.CruzBay(A3089)Enighed(A3102)Johnson Bay(A4029).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaMexico,FloridaandtheWest Indies. 9.Chamaesycethymifolia (L.)Millsp.,Publ.FieldColumbianMus.,Bot.Ser.2:412. 1916. Distribution: Acommonroadsideweed.Gift Hill(A2482).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt. ThomasFlorida,MexicotoSouthAmericaincludingtheWestIndies.

5.CROTONL. Keytothespecies 1.Undersideofmatureleavesdenselycoveredwithyellowishorwhitishstellatehairs. 2.Leafmarginsentire,obscurelyserrateorcrenateplantwithstrongorweakfoetidsmell. 3. Petioles with a pair of glands near the blade leaf margins entire or crenulate plant producingcopiousorangewaterylatex C.flavensvar.rigidus

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3.Petioleswithoutglandsleafmarginsfinelyserratetocrenateplantproducingclearlatex. C.astroites 2.Leafmarginscrenateplantnotfoetid C.betulinus 1.Matureleavessparselystellatepubescenttoglabrescent. 4.Leavesdeeply3(5)lobed.C.lobatus 4.Leavessimple,entire. 5.Leavesellipticstellatehairswhitesepalsfringed byglandularmargins C.ovalifolius 5. Leaves ovate to rounded lateral arms of stellate hairs reddish brown sepal with entire, nonglandularmargins C.fishlockii 1.CrotonastroitesAiton,Hort.Kew.3:375. 1789. Distribution: Acommonshrubofcoastalscrubanddisturbedareas.FishBay(A2388) vic. of White Cliff (A2713) Lameshur (A2759). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and VirginGordaPuertoRicoandLesserAntilles. Commonnames: whitemarang,marang. 2.CrotonbetulinusVahl,Symb.Bot.2:98. 1791. Distribution: A common shrub of coastal scrubs and disturbed areas. Margaret Hill (A2309) Southside Pond (A1838) Susannaberg (A836). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaPuertoRico,Cuba,HispaniolaandLesserAntilles. Commonnames: broombush,pistarcklebroom. 3.Crotonfishlockii Britton,Torreya20:84. 1920. Distribution: A rare subshrub found in the southeastern scrub of St. John. Concordia (A4251)MinnaHill(A4236)SaltPond(A757).AlsoonAnegada,GreatCamanoe,Tortolaand VirginGordaintroducedonGuanaIsland. 4.CrotonflavensL.var.rigidusMll.Arg.in A.DC.,Prodr.15(2):613.1866. Distribution: A common shrub of dry coastal scrub and disturbed areas. Brown Bay (A1865) Dittlif Pt. (A3967) Salt Pond (A3772). This variety endemic to Puerto Rico and the VirginIslands(St.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola,VirginGorda). Commonnames:marang,yellowmarang. 5.CrotonlobatusL.,Sp.Pl.1005.1753. Distribution: Acommonherbofdisturbedareas.CruzBayQuarteralongCenterLine Road(A645)Enighed(A3103)FishBay(A3874).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortola throughouttheWestIndies(exceptJamaica),MexicoandCentralAmerica. 6.CrotonovalifoliusVahl inH.West,Bidr.Beskr.Ste.Croix307.1793. Distribution: A common weed of open disturbed areas. Emmaus (A1998) Hurricane Hole (A2768) Lameshur (B640). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda GreaterAntilles,LesserAntilles,andnorthernSouthAmerica. Note: Two individuals of Croton discolor Willd. were pointed out to me by Eleanor GibneyandGaryRay.ThesearefoundalongNorthShoreRoadintheareaaroundHawksnest. They seem to be recent introductions from seeds carried in imported land fill (possibly from St. Thomas)forroadimprovement.

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6.DALECHAMPIAL. 1.DalechampiascandensL.,Sp.Pl.1054. 1753. Distribution: Not very common, mostly found in open disturbed areas. Brown Bay (A1882) East End Pt. (A660) Lameshur(B511).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortolaand VirginGordathroughouttheWestIndies(exceptJamaica),andMexicotoSouthAmerica.

7.DRYPETESVahl 1.Drypetesalba Poit.,Mm.Mus.Hist.Nat.1:157.1815. Distribution: Rare, found only in moist forests. BordeauxMountain(A4704,A4710). AlsoinCuba,Hispaniola,PuertoRicoandJamaica.

8.EUPHORBIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Treesleavescongestedatnodes,orreducedtoscales. 2.Stemsandbranchessucculent,greenleavesreducedtoscalesorlacking. 3.Stemscylindrical,withoutspinesbrancheswhorledleavesobovate.E.tirucalli 3.Stems4ribbed,withspinesalongmarginsbranchesalternateleaveswanting E.lactea 2. Stems not succulent, with blackish brown, papery bark leaves longpetioled, congested at swollennodes.E.petiolaris 1.Herbsleavesalternate. 4.Cyathiaglands2,withpetaloidappendages E.oerstediana 4.Cyathiaglandsolitary,withoutpetaloidappendages E.heterophylla 1.Euphorbiaheterophylla L.,Sp.Pl.453. 1753. Distribution: Acommonroadsideweed.FishBay(A3875)GiftHill(A821)PeterPeak (A4104).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughoutthetropics. 2.Euphorbiaoerstediana (Klotzsch&Garcke) Boiss.inA.DC.,Prodr.15(2):59.1862. Distribution: Not very common found mostly in coastal forest understory. Fish Bay (A3883)HawksnestBeach(A2902).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasGreaterAntilles,Lesser AntillesandnorthernSouthAmerica. 3.EuphorbiapetiolarisSims,Bot.Mag.23:pl.883.1805. Distribution: A common tree of dry coastal forests and scrub. Bethany (B234) Susannaberg(A701,A844).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda Jamaica,Hispaniola,PuertoRicoandLesserAntilles. Commonname: blackmanchineel. Note: Ahighlypoisonoustreewithcausticmilkysap. 4.Euphorbiatirucalli L.,Sp.Pl.452.1753. Distribution: Anoccasionalshrubofdryopenareas,persistentaftercultivation.LindPt. (A4241). Also St. Thomas andTortola nativetotropicalandsouthernAfrica,nowwidespread throughcultivation.

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Commonnames: milkbush,pencilbush. Cultivated species: Euphorbia lactea Roxb. and Euphorbia leucocephala Lotsy, are occasionallyfoundingardensorpersistentaftercultivation,butnotnaturalized.

9.FLUEGGEAWilld. 1.Flueggeaacidoton (L.)G.L.Webster, Allertonia3: 299.1984. Distribution: Rare, in dry forests and coastal scrubs. Nanny Pt. (A2448) Little St. JamesIsland(B1403).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomastheGreaterAntillesandtheBahamas.

10.GYMNANTHESSw. 1.Gymnantheslucida Sw.,Prodr.96.1788. Distribution: Acommontreeofcoastaldryforestsandscrubs.CobGut(A3219)Gift Hill (A817) Maria Bluff (A2328). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda FloridaandthroughouttheWestIndies. Commonnames: crabwood,goatwood.

11.HIPPOMANEL. 1.Hippomanemancinella L.,Sp.Pl.1191. 1753. Distribution: Acommontreeofcoastalsandybeaches.ChocolateHole (A781).Alsoon Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda a Caribbean and circumCaribbean species. Commonnames:deathapple,manchineel,mangineedle,poisonapple. Note: Thelatexandfruitsfromthistreearedeadlypoisonousifingestedandnottreated in time. The latex causes severe dermatitis and/or temporary blindness when it comes in contact withtheskinoreyes.Theplantisdangerousbecausethefruitsresembleasmallappleandhavea sweetsmell,enticingpeopletoeatthem.

12.HURAL. 1.HuracrepitansL.,Sp.Pl.1008.1753. Distribution: Notverycommon,foundmostlyasaroadsidetreeinhumidareas.Adrian Ruins (A730, A4010) Enighed (A2368). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola common throughouttropicalAmerica. Commonnames: monkeynoclimb,monkeypistol,sandbox. Note: Thelatexofthistreeispoisonousandcaustic.

13.JATROPHAL. Keytothespecies

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1.Leavespalmatelycompound,with1012lobes,thesegmentsdissected(corollarosetoscarlet). J.multifida 1.Leaves35lobedorentire. 2.Plantswithglandularvisciduloushairs(corolladarkred).J.gossypifolia 2.Plantsnotglandular. 3.Corollawhite J.curcas 3.Corollabrightred J.integerrima 1.Jatrophagossypifolia L.,Sp.Pl.1006.1753. Distribution: A common roadside weed. Emmaus (A3776) Salt Pond area (A3166) Susannaberg (A832). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda throughouttropicalAmerica. Commonnames: wildphysicnut,bellyachebush,bodycatta. Cultivatedspecies: Thefollowingspeciesaregrowingingardens,butarenotknownto bespontaneous: JatrophacurcasL.,JatrophaintegerrimaJacq.,and JatrophamultifidaL.

14.MARGARITARIAL.f. 1.MargaritarianobilisL.f.,Suppl.Pl.428.1782 Distribution: A common tree of moist to dry forests. Adrian Ruins (A2844) Enighed (A828).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttropicalAmerica. Commonname: gonglehout.

15.PEDILANTHUSPoit. Reference: Dressler, R. L. 1957. ThegenusPedilanthus(Euphorbiaceae).Contr.Gray Herb.182:1188. 1.Pedilanthustithymaloides(L.)Poit.,Ann.Mus.Natl.Hist.Nat.19:393.1812. Keytothesubspecies 1.Leaveslinearornarrowly elliptic,undersidewithoutadistinctivekeelonmidveinstyles<5mm long .P.tithymaloidessubsp.angustifolius 1.Leaveslanceolatetoovate,undersidewithkeelalongmidveinstyles>7mmlong P.tithymaloidessubsp.tithymaloides 1a.Pedilanthustithymaloides(L.)Poit.subsp. angustifolius(Poit.)Dressler,Contr. Gray Herb.182: 161.1957. Distribution: Persistentaftercultivation,inscrubareas.MinnaHill(A3224)Lameshur (B619).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughouttheGreaterAntilles. Commonname: Christmascandle. Note: Thesapproducedbythisspeciesissaidtobepoisonous. Cultivated species: Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit. subsp. tithymaloides is occasionallyfoundingardens.

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16.PHYLLANTHUSL. Keytothespecies 1.Smalltreesorshrubsovaryof3or4carpelsflowersonleaflessbranchesfruitafleshydrupe P.acidus 1.Herbsovaryof3carpelsflowersonleafybranchesfruitadrycapsule. 2.Leavesunequal(obtuserounded)atbaseseedsverrucose P.niruri 2.Leavessymmetricalatbaseseeds56ribbed.P.amarus 1.Phyllanthusacidus(L.)Skeels,U.S.D.A.Bur.Pl.Industr.Bull.148:17.1909. Distribution: Persistent after cultivation, but apparently not spreading. Emmaus (A2010). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola native to South America but cultivated throughoutthetropics. Commonname: gooseberry. 2.PhyllanthusamarusSchum.&Thonn., Kongel.DanskeVidensk.Selsk.Skr. 4: 195. 1829. Distribution: Common weed occurring along roadsides and in open disturbed areas. Bordeaux (A3138) Cruz Bay (A3091) Fish Bay (A3871). Also on Tortola and Virgin Gorda throughoutthetropicsasaweed. 3.Phyllanthusniruri L.,Sp.Pl.981.1753. Distribution: Common roadside weed. Coral Bay Quarter along Center Line Road (A4245) Lameshur(W585) alongroadtoPeterPeak(A4107).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda typical subspecies restricted to the West Indies (except Jamaica, CaymanIslandsandBahamas). Commonnames: canepiecesenna,creolechinine,creolesenna,galeofwind.

17.RICINUSL. 1.RicinuscommunisL.,Sp.Pl.1007.1753. Distribution: A weed of disturbed areas. Fish Bay (A2502). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda native to Africa but cultivated and naturalized throughout tropicalAmerica. Commonnames: castoroilplant,castorbean,castornut,ricin.

18.SAPIUMP.Browne 1.Sapiumcaribaeum Urb.,Symb.Antill.3:308.1902. Distribution: Acommontreeofmoistareas.MahoBayGut(A2127).AlsoonTortola theLesserAntilles. Commonname: milktree. Note: Thelatexfromthistreeiscaustic.

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19.SAVIAWilld. 1.Saviasessiliflora (Sw.)Willd.,Sp.Pl.4:771.1806.Fig.101AD. Distribution: Acommontreeofcoastaldryforestsandscrub.BatteryGut(A4168)Cob Gut(A3209) Lameshur(B521).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.CroixandSt.ThomastheGreater Antilles. 20.TRAGIAL. 1.TragiavolubilisL.,Sp.Pl.980.1753. Distribution: Acommonweedofdisturbeddryareas,butalsoinhumidforests.Bethany (B204) Cinnamon Bay (M17008) Susannaberg (A703). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and TortolathroughouttropicalAmerica. Commonnames: stingingnettle,brannettle,creepingcowitch. Note: Contact withthis plant causes asevererashandaburningsensationthatcanlast fornearlyhalfanhour. Cultivated species: One individual of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Miller) I. M. Johnst. wasobservedatCruzBay.

38.FABACEAE
_______________________________________ (Legume Family) ReviewedbyJamesW.Grimes Keytothesubfamilies 1. Corolla of connate petals, actinomorphic flowers usually in heads or dense spikes Mimosoideae 1. Corolla of petals distinct, zygomorphic or only slightly so flowers usually in racemose inflorescences. 2.Corollawithanextendedcentralpetal(standard),2lateralonesconnateintoakeel,and2 smallerlateralpetals Faboideae 2.Corollawith5equalorsubequalpetals.Caesalpinioideae

I.CAESALPINIOIDEAE (Tamarind Subfamily) Keytothegenera 1.Leavessimple(twofusedleaflets)withdeeplynotchedapex.Bauhinia 1.Leavescompound. 2.Leavesbipinnate. 3.Rachisofpinnaflattenedandlaminarleafletsalternate,minute<5mmlongfruittorulose. Parkinsonia 3. Rachis of pinna cylindrical leaflets opposite, 6 mm long or longer fruits flattened or slightlyinflated.

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4.Trees,notspinylegumeflattened,woodyorsemiwoody. 5.Stipulespinnatisect(leaflike)corolla68cmwide,orangeorredlegume3060cm long,woody.Delonix 5. Stipules minute, early deciduous corolla yellow, 4.55 cm wide legume 7.510 cm long,slightlywoody,wingedatmargins Peltophorum 4. Erect or scandent spiny shrubs legume flattened or semiinflated (then spiny), leatheryorpapery.Caesalpinia 2.Leavesoncepinnate. 6. Leaves of two opposite leaflets corollawhite,to6cmwide fruit wallthickandwoody. Hymenaea 6.Leavesofnumerousleafletscorollayellow,to2.5cmwidefruitwallthin,papery,leathery orwoody. 7.Erectordecumbentsubshrubspetioleswithstipitateglands Chamaecrista 7.Trees,erectshrubsorscandentshrubspetioleslackingstipitateglands. 8.Fruitscrustaceous,toruloseseedscoveredbyfleshytartpulp .Tamarindus 8.Fruitscylindrical,compressed,4winged,leatheryorfleshy,nottorulose Senna 1.CAESALPINIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Scandentshrubscorollayellow,12cmwidefruitsslightlyinflated,spiny. 2.Stipuleslarge,foliaceousbractspersistentfruitsdenselyspinyseedsgray. C.bonduc 2.Stipulesminutebractsdeciduousfruitssparselyspinyseedsyellowtoorangebrown C. ciliata 1. Erect shrubs corolla (yellow) orange or red, 35 cm wide fruits flattened, not spiny C. pulcherrima 1.Caesalpiniabonduc(L.)Roxb.,Fl.Ind.ed.2,2:362.1832. Distribution: Along sandy beaches. Johnson Bay (A4021) Little Lameshur Bay (A3932).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda throughout tropicalcoastal areas Commonnames: graynicker,neckar,nickel,nickernut,scorcher. 2.Caesalpiniaciliata (BergiusexWikstr.)Urb.,Symb.Antill.2:275.1900. Distribution: Alongsandybeaches.DrunkBay(A4134)HauloverPoint(A4227).Also onSt.Croix,TortolaandVirginGordaHispaniola,PuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles. Commonname: yellownicker. 3.Caesalpiniapulcherrima (L.)Sw.,Observ.Bot.166.1791. Distribution: Cultivated throughout the island, sometimes escaping cultivation. Along roadtoAjaxPeak(A2655).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolanativetoSouthAmerica, butwidelycultivatedandsometimesnaturalizingthroughouttheCaribbean. Commonnames: Barbadospride,dudeldu,dwarfpoinciana. 2.CHAMAECRISTAMoench

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Keytothespecies 1.Perennialerectshrubsorsubshrubscorollato3cmwidepedicels728mmlong .C.glandulosa var.swartzii 1.Annualorbiennialherbs,erectordecumbent,sometimeswithsemiwoodybasecorollato1cm widepedicels0.54mmlong C.nictitansssp.nictitansvar.diffusa 1.Chamaecristaglandulosa (L.)Greenevar.swartzii(Wikstr.)H.S.Irwin& Barneby, Mem. NewYorkBot.Gard.35:784.1982. Distribution: A common weed of open areas. Annaberg Ruins (A1926) Bordeaux (A3172)MariaBluff(A598).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaPuerto RicoandintheLesserAntilles. 2.Chamaecristanictitans(L.)Moenchsubsp.nictitansvar.diffusa (DC.)H.S.Irwin & Barneby,Mem.NewYorkBot.Gard.35:833.1982. Distribution: A common weed of open areas. Fish Bay (A3893) Lameshur (B502). AlsoonSt.CroixthroughouttheWestIndies,northernVenezuelaandColombia. 3.DELONIXRaf. 1.Delonixregia (BojerexHook.)Raf.,Fl. Tellur.2:92. 1836. Distribution: Acommontree,plantedalongroadsandgardens.AlongCenterLineroad bykm7.5(A2076).NativetoMadagascar,nowcultivatedandnaturalizedthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames: flamboyanttree,poinciana.

4.HYMENAEAL. 1.Hymenaeacourbaril L.,Sp.Pl.1192.1753. Distribution: Common tree of humid areas. Annaberg (A2868) Reef Bay Trail (P29270). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda throughout tropical America. Commonnames: locusttree,stinkingtoe.

5.PARKINSONIAL. 1.Parkinsoniaaculeata L.,Sp.Pl.375.1753. Distribution: Common shrub of dry areas. Fortsberg (A4040) Lameshur (A736) WaterlemonBay(A1932).AlsoonAnegada,JostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortolaand Virgin Gorda apparentlynativetosouthernUnitedStates andMexico,cultivatedthroughout the Caribbeanregion. Commonnames: horsebean,Jerusalemthorn.

6.PELTOPHORUMWalp.,nom.cons.

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1.Peltophorumpterocarpum (DC.)BakerexK.Heyne,Nutt.Pl.Ned.Ind.ed.2,2: 755. 1927. Distribution: Mostly planted along roadsides, but becoming naturalized. Cruz Bay (A4662). Also on St. Thomas and Tortola native to tropical Asia and Australia, but widely cultivatedthroughoutthetropics.

7.SENNAMiller Keyto thespecies 1.Treesto15mtalllegumes1530cmlong.S.siamea 1.Erectorclimbingshrubs,0.53mtalllegumesto19cmlong. 2.Legumeswith2longitudinalwings S.alata 2.Legumesnotwinged. 3.Scandentshrubslegumescylindrical,fleshy.S.bicapsularis 3.Erectshrubslegumesflattened,dry,semiwoody. 4.Legumesturgid,nearlycylindrical(56mmwide)leafrachiswithanelongate,stipitate glandbetweenthelowermostpairofleafletspetiolewithoutglands.S.obtusifolia 4. Legumes flattened (79 mm wide) leaf rachis without glands petiole with a sessile, roundedglandatbase.S.occidentalis 1.Sennaalata (L.)Roxb.,Fl.Ind.ed.2,2:349.1832. Distribution: Uncommonshrubofmoistopenareas,sometimesgrowningardens.Cruz Bay (A4063). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola native probably to the Guianas, Orinoco and Amazon basins in Venezuela, Brazil and Colombia, but naturalized throughout the tropics. Common names: candle bush, Christmas candle, fleiti, golden candlestick, ringworm bush,saparilla. 2.Sennabicapsularis(L.)Roxb.,Fl.Ind.ed.2,2:342.1832. Distribution: Commonroadsideshrub.AdrianRuins (A3121) CruzBay(B191)Fish Bay (A3917). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda probably nativetotheGreaterAntilles,nowwidespreadthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:styverbla,stiverbush. 3.Sennaobtusifolia (L.)H.S.Irwin&Barneby,Mem.NewYorkBot.Gard.35:252. 1982. Distribution: Common roadside weed. Coral Bay Quarter along Center Line Road (A3995).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaweedythroughoutthetropics. 4.Sennaoccidentalis(L.)Link,Handbuch2:140.1829. Distribution: Commonroadsideweed.AlongdirtroadtoBordeaux(A1902)FishBay (A3905).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaweedythroughout theNeotropics. Commonnames: stinkingweed,wildcoffee. 5.Sennasiamea (Lam.)H.S.Irwin&Barneby,Mem.NewYork 1982. Bot. Gard. 35: 98.

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Distribution: Common roadside tree of humid areas. Cruz Bay (A1989). AlsoonSt. ThomasnativetoBurmaandThailand,cultivatedornaturalizedthroughoutthetropics. Commonname: yellowcassia.

8.TAMARINDUSL. 1.Tamarindusindica L.,Sp.Pl.34.1753. Distribution: A common tree of open dry areas. Lameshur (A1810). Also on other islandsoftheVirginIslandsapparentlynativetoIndia,nowcultivatedandnaturalizedthroughout thetropics. Commonname: tamarind. Cultivatedspecies: BauhiniamonandraKurz(withpinkflowers),Bauhiniatomentosa L. (with white or yellow flowers), and Cassia fistula L. (with golden yellow flowers), are occasionallycultivated.

II.FABOIDEAE(Papilionoideae) (PeaSubfamily) Keytothegenera 1.Leavestrifoliolate. 2.Twiningvinesorscandentherbs(Macroptiliumlathyroidessometimeserect). 3.Keelspirallytwisted. 4.Corollaburgundylegumelinear,cylindrical Macroptilium 4.Corollapinktolightpurplelegumelinear,flattened.Phaseolus 3.Keelpetalrecurved,notspirallytwisted. 5.Corollayellow. 6. Corolla < 1 cm long underside of leaflet with numerous, yellow, resinous dots legumesoblong,flattened Rhynchosia 6. Corolla > 1.2 cm long underside of leaflet without resinous dots legumes linear, slightlyflattened Vigna 5.Corollapink,white,redorlavender. 7.Standard34cmwidecorollalavender Centrosema 7.Standard<1.5cmwidecorollawhite,pink,redorlavender. 8.Legumesto5cmlong. 9.Corollawhite Teramnus 9.Corollapinkorred.Galactia 8.Legumes>6cmlong. 10.Legumespubescent,3.54mmwide Pueraria 10.Legumesglabrous,1.54cmwide. 11.Corollawhiteterminalleafletdeltoidlegumeswithverrucosemargins Lablab 11.Corollapinkterminalleafletellipticlegumeswithsmoothmargins.Canavalia 2.Erectshrubs,treesorprostrateherbs. 12.Erectorprostrateherbs.

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13. Corolla pink, lavender, or violet, sometimes with light yellowish margins legumes indehiscent, covered with hooked hairs (that stick to cloth), separating into oneseeded segments,theapexapiculate.Desmodium 13.Corollayellowlegumedehiscent,glabrous,hookedatapex Stylosanthes 12.Shrubsortrees. 14. Corolla bright red to redorange, the standard tubular, 46 cm long branches usually spiny.Erythrina 14.Corollayellow,thestandardnearlyrounded,reflexed,23.5cmlongbranchesnotspiny. 15. Legumes slightly inflated, laterally depressed between seeds seeds few rounded, slightlyflattened Cajanus 15.Legumesnearlycylindrical,inflatedseedsnumerous,kidneyshaped.Crotalaria 1.Leavespinnateorunifoliolate. 16.Twiningwoodyvinesorscandentshrubs. 17.Corollablueviolet Clitoria 17.Corollapinkorpinkishpurple. 18. Twining woody vines to 3 m long stems thin leaflets opposite seeds bright red withblackspot.Abrus 18.Scandentshrubs,woodyleafletsalternate oronlyoneseedsbrown. 19. Plants to 15 m long stems to 12 cm diam., spiny leaflets alternate fruit circularcurled Machaerium 19. Plants 24 m long stems to 3 cm diam., not spiny leaflet only one fruit flattened,nearlycircular Dalbergia 16.Shrubs,herbs,ortrees,notclimbing. 20.Leafwithasingleleaflet. 21. Corolla < 7 mm long, pink legume cylindrical, splitting into cylindrical joints Alysicarpus 21.Corolla11.7cmlong,yelloworlavenderlegumeslightlyinflated,openingalong oneside Crotalaria 20.Leafoncepinnate. 22.Corollayellow. 23.Legumetorulose Sophora 23.Legumenottorulose. 24.Leafletsendinginasharpspinytip Pictetia 24.Leafletsnotspinytipped. 25.Legumeflattened,thelowermarginnotchedbetweenseeds .Aeschynomene 25.Legumecylindrical.Sesbania 22.Corollapink. 26.Treesto10mtall. 27.Legumesindehiscent,ellipsoidtoglobose.Andira 27.Legumeselongate,splittingalongbothsuturesorbreakingintosegments. 28.Legumes4winged,thewingspapery,breakingintotransversesegments. Piscidia 28.Legumesflattened,notwinged,openingalongbothsutures Gliricidia 26.Shrubs,smalltree(to6m),ordecumbentherbs. 29.Legumesnearlycylindrical,linear,curved Indigofera 29.Legumesflattened,straightorcurvedatapex. 30.Inflorescenceterminaloroppositetoleaves Tephrosia

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30.Inflorescenceaxillary. 31. Legumes transversely septate plant herbaceous or scarcely woody (subshrub).Coursetia 31.Legumesnotseptateplantashruborsmalltree Poitea

9.ABRUSAdans. 1.AbrusprecatoriusL.,Syst.Nat.ed.12,2: 472.1767. Distribution: Commonroadsideweedofdisturbedareas.GreatCruzBay(A2370).Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda native to the Old World, now naturalized throughoutthetropicsandsubtropics. Commonnames: crab'seye,jumbiebead,rosarybead,scrubber,wildliquorice. Note: Seedsofthisvinearedeadlypoisonousifchewedandswallowed.

10.AESCHYNOMENEL. 1.Aeschynomeneamericana L.,Sp.Pl.713.1753. Distribution: Common roadside weed of humid areas. Fish Bay (A3892) Lameshur (B613)Rosenberg(B313).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughoutwarmareasof theNewWorld.

11.ALYSICARPUSDesv. 1.Alysicarpusvaginalis(L.)DC.,Prodr.2:353. 1825. Distribution:Commonroadsideweedofhumidareas.Susannaberg(A4157).AlsoonSt. Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordanativetotropicalAsia,nowweedythroughoutthe tropics.

12.ANDIRAJuss. 1.Andirainermis(W.Wright)Kunth exDC.,Prodr.2:475.1825. Distribution: Common tree of moist areas, abundant in secondary forests or along roadsides.Emmaus(A3775)trailtoSieben(A2083).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortola throughoutwarmareasoftheNewWorld. Commonnames:bastardmahogany,dogalmond,honkloot,pigturd.

13.CAJANUSDC.,nom.cons. 1.Cajanuscajan (L.)Millsp.,Publ.Field ColumbianMus.,Bot.Ser.2:53.1900. Distribution:Spontaneous aftercultivation.CruzBay(A1952).AlsoonSt.Croix,St. ThomasandTortolapresumablynativetoAfrica,widelycultivatedthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:gungopea,pigeonpea,vendubountje.

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14.CANAVALIADC.,nom.cons. 1.Canavaliarosea (Sw.)DC.,Prodr.2:404.1825. Distribution: A common coastal vine. Chocolate Hole (A776) Little Lameshur Bay (A2018).AlsoonTortolaandVirginGordathroughoutwarmcoastalareasoftheworld. Commonname: baybean.

15.CENTROSEMABenth.,nom.cons. 1.Centrosemavirginianum (L.)Benth.,Comm.Legum.Gen.56.1837. Distribution:Commonweedthroughout theisland.FishBay(A3896)trailtoSolomon Bay(A2318).AlsoonallislandsoftheVirginIslandsnativethroughouttropicalandsubtropical America. Commonname: wistvine.

16.CLITORIAL. 1.Clitoria ternatea L.,Sp.Pl.753.1753. Distribution: Spontaneous aftercultivation.JohnsonBay(A2623).AlsoonSt.Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola native to the Old World, but cultivated and naturalized throughout the tropics. Commonnames: bluevine,butterflypea.

17.COURSETIAL. 1.Coursetiacaribaea (Jacq.)Lavin,Adv.Leg.Syst.3:63.1987. Distribution: Occasional in wooded understory. Caneel Bay (A4117) Frank Bay (A4219).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaPuertoRico,Hispaniola,theLesserAntilles andfromMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica.

18.CROTALARIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Leavessimple. 2.Corollalightviolettolavenderleavesbroadlyovatestipulesfoliaceouslegumetanwhen dry C.verrucosa 2.Corollayellow leaves oblanceolatetospatulatestipulesminute,earlydeciduouslegume blackishwhendry C.retusa 1.Leavestrifoliolate. 3. Inflorescence terminal (sometimes appearing opposite to leaves), longer than subtending leaf. 4.Inflorescence1525cmlong,denselyflowered C.pallida var.ovata

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4.Inflorescence515cmlong,sparselyflowered C.incana 3.Inflorescenceaxillary,shorterthanthesubtendingleaf C.lotifolia 1.Crotalariaincana L.,Sp.Pl.716.1753. Distribution: Acommonweedofopendisturbedareas.CoralBay(A4244)MahoBay Quarter along Center Line Road (A1853). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gordawidespreadthroughoutthetropics. Commonname: rattlebush. 2.Crotalarialotifolia L.,Sp.Pl.715.1753. Distribution:Acommonweedofopendryareas.WhiteCliffs(A2038)alongtrailfrom Lameshur to Reef Bay (A2719). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas and Virgin Gorda throughouttheWestIndies,MexicoandCentralAmerica. 3.Crotalariapallida Dryand.var.ovata (G.Don)Pohill, KewBull.22: 365.1968. Distribution: A common weed of open, disturbed areas. Emmaus (A3931) Lameshur (A2026).AlsoonSt.CroixBahamas,PuertoRico(includingVieques)nativetotheOldWorld tropics. 4.Crotalariaretusa L.,Sp.Pl.715.1753. Distribution:Acommonweedofopendisturbedareas.CruzBay(A3085)BovocopPt. (A1975). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda originally from Asia, now pantropical. Commonnames: rattlebox,yellowlupine. 5.Crotalariaverrucosa L.,Sp.Pl.715.1753. Distribution: Acommonweedofopendisturbedareas.CoralBay(A2621)Lameshur (A2044). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda originally from Asia, now pantropical.

19.DALBERGIAL.f.,nom.cons. 1.Dalbergiaecastaphyllum (L.)Taub.inEngl.&Prantl,Nat.Pflanzenfam.3(3):335. 1894. Distribution: Acommoncoastalspecies.WhiteCliffs(A2039).AlsoonSt.Croix,St. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttropicalAmericaandtropicalAfrica.

20.DESMODIUMDesv.,nom.cons. Keytothespecies 1.Legumesnotchedbetweensegmentsalongonemargin. 2.Plantcreeping,rootingatthenodesleaflets<1cmlong.D.triflorum 2. Plant decumbent or scandent, seldom rooting at the nodes leaflets 39 cm long D. incanum 1.Legumesnotchedbetweensegmentsalongbothmargins. 3.Legumespuberulent,withonefertilesegment D.glabrum 3.Legumeswithhookedhairsand48fertilesegments.D.procumbens

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1.Desmodiumglabrum (Miller)DC.,Prodr.2:338.1825. Distribution: Aweedyspeciesofopendisturbedareas.RendezvousPt.(A3990).Also inSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaaWestIndianandcircumCaribbeanspecies. 2.Desmodiumincanum DC.,Prodr.2:332.1825. Distribution: Commoninunderstoryofwoodlandsandinopendisturbedareas.Solomon Bay (A2291) East End (A2785). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda a pantropicalspecies. 3. Desmodium procumbens (Miller) Hitchc., Annual Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. 4: 76. 1893. Distribution:Aweedofopendisturbedareas.CoralBay(A3999).AlsoonSt.Croix,St. ThomasandTortolaaWestIndianandcircumCaribbeanspecies,introducedintothePhilippines andtropicalAfrica. 4.Desmodiumtriflorum (L.)DC.,Prodr.2:334.1825. Distribution: Commonroadsideweed.Bordeauxarea(A2616)FishBayGut(A3898) Susannaberg (A4158). Also onSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda apantropical weed.

21.ERYTHRINAL. Keytothespecies 1.Leafletswithoutspines(cultivated).E.corallodendrum 1.Leafletswithspinesonbothsurfaces.E.eggersii 1.Erythrinaeggersii Krukoff&Moldenke,Phytologia1:289.1938. Distribution: A rare or nearly endangered species, found in few localities. Bordeaux (A1923).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasPuertoRico(includingVieques). Commonname: cockspur. Cultivated species: Erythrina corallodendrum L. is known from a few individuals growingalongroads.

22.GALACTIAP.Browne Agenusof50species,primarilydistributedintropicalregionsoftheNewWorld. Keytothespecies 1.Corollabrightred.G.eggersii 1.Corollapinktolavender. 2.Legumes55.5mmwidestandard1215mmlong G.dubia 2.Legumes69mmwidestandard810mmlong.G.striata 1.Galactiadubia DC.,Prodr.2:238.1825.

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Distribution: Commoninopendisturbedareasandincoastalscruborforests.FishBay (A3114) Maria Bluff (A2331) Salt Pond (M17062). Also on Anegada, St.Croix,St.Thomas andTortolaPuertoRico(includingMona,Vieques,CulebraandIcacos),theLesserAntilles. Commonname: ironweed. 2.Galactiaeggersii Urb.,Symb.Antill.2:311.1900. Distribution: Occasional in dry woodlands and in open, disturbed areas. Carolina (A4138).EndemictoGuanaIsland,St.John,St.ThomasandTortola. 3.Galactiastriata (Jacq.)Urb.,Symb.Antill.2:320.1900. Distribution: A common species from open disturbedareas orsecondarymoistforests. Lameshur (B607) Maho Bay Quarter along Center Line Road (A3816).AlsoonSt.Croix,St. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughoutthe Neotropics.

23.GLIRICIDIAKunth 1.Gliricidiasepium (Jacq.)Kunth exWalp.,Repert.Bot. Syst.1:679.1842. Distribution: Not very common, persistent after cultivation. Caneel Bay (A4119). Native to South America, but widespread in cultivation (usually reproduced by cuttings) throughouttheNeotropics. Commonnames: peatree,quickstick.

24.INDIGOFERAL. Keytothespecies 1.Legumes3to3.5cmlong,nearlystraight I.tinctoria 1.Legumes1to1.5cmlong,stronglycurved.I.suffruticosa 1.Indigoferasuffruticosa Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8.1768. Distribution: A common roadside weed. Bordeaux (A3183) Coral Bay Quarter and along Center Line Road (A4246). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda nativetotheNeotropics,introducedintotheOldWorld. 2.Indigoferatinctoria L.,Sp.Pl.751.1753. Distribution: Anoccasionalroadsideweed.RoundBay(W667).AlsoonSt.Croixand St.ThomasnativetotheOldWorldtropics,nownaturalizedthroughoutthetropics. Commonname: indigo.

25.LABLABAdans. 1.Lablabpurpureus(L.)Sweet,Hort.Brit.ed.1,481.1826. Distribution: Anoccasionalroadsideweed.CruzBayQuarteralongCenterLineRoad (A2899,A2908).NativetoAfrica,nownaturalizedthroughoutthetropics. Commonname: bonawiss.

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26.MACHAERIUMPers.,nom.cons. 1.Machaeriumlunatum (L.f.)Ducke,Arch.Jard.Bot.RiodeJaneiro4:310.1925. Distribution: Common in coastal swamps bordering mangroves. Coral Bay (A2829). AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasnativetotropicalAmerica.

27.MACROPTILIUMUrb. 1.Macroptiliumlathyroides(L.)Urb.,Symb.Antill.9:457.1928. Distribution: A common roadside weed. Cruz Bay (A860) Fish Bay (A3879) Lameshur (A2757). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola the West Indies and Central America. Commonname: wildbushbean.

28.PHASEOLUSL. 1.PhaseoluspeduncularisKunth inHumb.,Bonpl.&Kunth,Nov.Gen.Sp.6:47. 1824. Distribution: An occasional roadside weed. Along road from Bordeaux to Coral Bay (A3796,A3868).AlsointheGreaterAntillesandnorthernSouthAmerica.

29.PICTETIADC. 1.Pictetiaaculeata (Vahl)Urb.,Symb.Antill.2:294.1900. Distribution: Acommonshrubofdrycoastalscrub. Bethany (B219) East End (A668). Also on all islands of the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico (includingViequesandCulebra). Commonname: fustic.

30.PISCIDIAL.,nom.cons. 1.PiscidiacarthagenensisJacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.27.1760. Distribution: Anoccasionaltreeofcoastalforestsandscrub.Bethany(B336).Alsoon JostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaoccurringnaturallyfromMexico toPeruandfromPuertoRicototheLesserAntilles,apparentlyintroducedinCuba. Commonnames: dogwood,fishpoisontree,stinktree.

31.POITEAVent. 1.Poiteaflorida (Vahl)Lavin,Syst.Bot.Monogr37:61.1993. Distribution: Commoninmoisttodryforest.Susannaberg(A2799,M16572).Alsoon St.Thomas,Tortola,VirginGordaPuertoRico(includingCulebraandVieques). Commonnames: wattapama,soldierwhip.

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32.PUERARIADC. 1.Puerariaphaseoloides(Roxb.)Benth.,J.Linn.Soc.,Bot.9:125.1865. Distribution: Anoccasionalroadsideweed.AlongCenterLineRoadbyentrancetoAjax Peak (W630) Maho Bay Quarter along Center Line Road (A2411). This aggressive species, nativetoSoutheastAsia,hasbeenintroducedintotheNewWorldasaforageanderosioncontrol plantithasbecomenaturalizedinsomeareasoftheNeotropics.

33.RHYNCHOSIALour.,nom.cons. Keytothespecies 1.Leafletsprominentlyreticulatebelowcalyx610mmlong.R.reticulata 1.Leafletsnotprominentlyreticulate belowcalyx2.53mmlong R.minima 1.Rhynchosiaminima (L.)DC.,Prodr.2:385.1825. Distribution: Commonalongroadsidesandopenground. Enighed (A3921) Maria Bluff (A2337). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin GordacommonthroughouttheCaribbeanandthetropics. 2.Rhynchosiareticulata (Sw.)DC.,Prodr.2:385.1825. Distribution: Commonalongroadsidesandopenground. Cob Gut (A3227) Fish Bay Gut (A3889) Lind Pt. (A2304). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda throughout the Caribbean, Mexico, Central America and South America.

34.SESBANIAScop. 1.Sesbaniasericea (Willd.)Link,Enum.Hort.Berol.Alt.2:244.1822. Distribution: Anoccasionalweedofopendisturbedareas.Enighed(A3925)FishBay (A2475). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas native to Sri Lanka, now a widespread weed throughoutthetropics.

35.SOPHORAL. 1.Sophoratomentosa L.,Sp.Pl.373.1753. Distribution: Occasional along the sandy coast. Dittlif Pt. (W805) Haulover Bay (A4146).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordapantropical.

36.STYLOSANTHESSw. 1.Stylosantheshamata (L.)Taub.,Verh.Bot.VereinsProv. Brandenburg32:22.1889.

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Distribution: Aweedcommonlyfoundinopendisturbedareas.EastEnd(A2778)Lind Pt.(A2303).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughoutthe WestIndiesandfromMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica. Commonnames:donkeyweed,motherseagel.

37.TEPHROSIAPers.,nom.cons. Keytothespecies 1.Leaflets1115,elliptic,oblanceolatetoelliptic,obtuse,roundedoracuteatapex.T.cinerea 1.Leaflets59,oblongtoobovate,notchedatapex T.senna 1.Tephrosiacinerea (L.)Pers.,Syn.Pl.2:328.1807. Distribution: Acommonweedofopendryareas.RamHead(A2049,W28).AlsoonSt. Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttheNeotropics. 2.Tephrosiasenna Kunth inHumb.,Bonpl.&Kunth,Nov.Gen. Sp.6:458.1824. Distribution: Anoccasionalweedofthesandycoast.CinnamonBay(W635B).Alsoon TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttheWestIndiesandnorthernSouthAmerica.

38.TERAMNUSP.Browne 1.Teramnuslabialis(L.f.)Spreng.,Syst.Veg.3:235.1826. Distribution: A common weed of open and disturbed areas. Cruz Bay (A1956) Lameshur(B645).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttheWest IndiesandCentralAmerica. Commonname: bluewiss.

39.VIGNASavi 1.Vignaluteola (Jacq.)Benth.inMart.,Fl. Bras.15(1):194,t.50,f.2.1859. Distribution: A common coastal vine, sometimes in open disturbed areas. Enighed (A4005). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola throughout tropical and subtropical America. Commonnames: goatwiss,wildpea.

III.MIMOSOIDEAE (SensitivePlantSubfamily) Keytothegenera 1.Filamentsfreeorunitedonlyattheverybase. 2. Petals connate into a tubular or funnelshaped corolla plants spiny (if not spiny, then inflorescenceanelongatespike,orapanicleofheads). 3.Fruitindehiscent,breakingawayfromribbed,thickenedmargins(replum)petioleand rachiswithoutnectaryglands.Mimosa

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3. Fruit dehiscent lengthwise, not leaving a replum petiole and rachis usually with nectaryglands.Acacia 2.Petalsfreetobaseplantnotspiny(inflorescenceofasinglegloboseheads) Leucaena 1.Filamentsconnateintoamoreorlesselongatetube. 4.Petioleand rachiswithoutnectaryglands. 5.Seedsbrightorangered,angular,partiallycompressedleafletsalternate Adenanthera 5.Seedsbrown,lenticularorelliptic,flattenedleafletsopposite. 6.Inflorescenceglobose,brightred(cultivated) Calliandra 6.Inflorescenceobconical,white Zapoteca 4.Petioleandrachiswithnectarygland(s). 7. Plant spiny fruitsturgid,twistingupondehiscenceandexposingseveralblack,pendulous seedswitharedaril Pithecellobium 7.Plantnotspinyfruitsandseedsotherwise. 8.Leavesoncepinnateseedscoveredwithawhitefleshypulp Inga 8.Leavestwicepinnateseedswithoutafleshycovering. 9.Smalltolargetreeslegumes>1cmwide. 10. Legumes oblong, papery to fleshy, tardily dehiscent or indehiscent seeds lighter alongmargins. 11.Corollalightyellowlegumespapery,flattened,ca.2mmthick,34cmwide, late dehiscent rachis with a single nectariferous gland at base of petiole Albizia 11. Corolla pink legumes fleshyleathery, compressed, ca. 4 mm thick, 1.41.5 cm wide, indehiscent leaf rachis with a discoid nectariferous gland between eachpairofpinna Samanea 10. Legumes compressed, curled and nearly circular in shape, indehiscent seeds reddishbrown(cultivated).Enterolobium 9.Subshrubsto1mtalllegumes0.30.4cmwide Desmanthus

40.ACACIAMiller Keytothespecies 1.Lianas. 2.Plantnotspinystemscylindricalornearlysolegume2.53cmwide A.vogeliana 2.Stemandleafrachiswithpricklesstemsobtusely4angled,usuallysplittinglongitudinally into4segmentswhenoldlegume1.52cmwide.A.retusa 1.Smalltomediumsizedtrees. 3.Plantnotspinyinflorescenceanelongatespikecorollacream.A.muricata 3.Plantspinyinflorescenceagloboseheadcorollabrightyellow. 4.Pinnae818pairsleafrachiswith13nectaryglandstowarddistalendlegume910 mmwide,flattened,withconstrictedmarginsbetweenseeds.A.macracantha 4.Pinnae26pairsleafrachiswith1or2nectaryglandsatdistalendlegume56mm wide, nearly cylindrical, usually with constricted margins between seeds A. tortuosa 1.Acaciamacracantha Humb.&Bonpl.exWilld.,Sp.Pl.4:1080.1806.

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Distribution: A common tree of dry coastal scrub. Bordeaux (A2617) Fish Bay (A3915) HansenBay(A1805).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas andTortola the GreaterAntilles,LesserAntillesandVenezuela. Commonname: stinkcasha. 2.Acaciamuricata (L.)Willd.,Sp.Pl.4:1058.1806. Distribution: Common in moist to dry forests, and coastal scrub. Along road to Bordeaux(M17056)HansenBay(A1802)Lameshur(B513).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix, St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordatheGreaterandLesserAntilles. Commonname: amaret. 3.Acaciaretusa (Jacq.)R.A.Howard,J.ArnoldArbor.54:459.1973. Distribution: A common weed of dry districts and open disturbed areas. East End (A3791)Bordeauxarea(A4055).AlsoonSt.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaHispaniola(a doubtfulrecord),PuertoRico(includingViequesandCulebra),LesserAntilles,andnorthernSouth America. Commonnames: catchandkeep,whitepolice. 4.Acaciatortuosa (L.)Willd.,Sp.Pl.4:1083.1806. Distribution: Acommontreeofdrycoastalscrub.HurricaneHole(A2765).AlsoonSt. Croix,St.ThomasandTortolatheGreaterAntilles,LesserAntillesandnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonname: casha. 5.Acaciavogeliana Steud.,Nomencl.Bot.ed.2,1:1840. Distribution: Uncommon plant, known only from a single locality. CoralBayQuarter alongdirt roadtoBordeaux,afewmetersfromCenterLineRoad(A3794).AlsoonHispaniola, PuertoRicoandprobablyMartinique.

41.ADENANTHERAL. 1.Adenantherapavonina L.,Sp.Pl.384.1753. Distribution: Occasionalinmoistforests.AlongtrailtoPetroglyphs(A2930).Nativeto tropicalAsia,persistentaftercultivationnaturalizedthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames: jumbiebead,coquelicot.

42.ALBIZIADurazz. 1.Albizialebbeck (L.)Benth.,LondonJ.Bot.3:87.1844. Distribution: Afewindividuals alongroadsides.LindPoint(A2516,A3981).Alsoon St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola nativetotropicalAsia,cultivatedandnaturalizedintropical America. Common names: kitty katties, rattle bush, sheck sheck, Tibet tree, tibit, tipit, woman's tongue.

43.DESMANTHUSWilld.,nom.cons.

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1.Desmanthusvirgatus(L.)Willd.,Sp.Pl.4:1047.1806. Distribution: Common in open and disturbed areas. Cruz Bay (A2316) Fish Bay (A3904) Reef Bay trail (A2722). AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirgin GordathroughouttheWestIndies,GuyanaandSurinamtothecoastofnortheasternBrazil.

44.INGAMiller 1.Ingalaurina (Sw.)Willd.,Sp.Pl.4:1018.1806. Distribution: Acommontreeofmoistforests.Bordeauxarea(A2877,B561).Alsoon St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaGreaterandLesserAntillesandTrinidad. Commonnames: ladyfingertree,pomshock,Spanishoak,sweetpea.

45.LEUCAENABenth. 1.Leucaenaleucocephala (Lam.)deWit, Taxon10:54.1961. Distribution: Common throughout the island, from moist forests to dry coastal scrubs. Susannaberg (M16576) Lameshur (A2753). Common on most of the Virgin Islands native to CentralAmerica,butwidelycultivatedthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:tantan,tanty,wildtamarind.

46.MIMOSAL. Key tothespecies 1. Scandent shrub to 6 m long stems glabrous, 4angled, striate leaves with spiny rachis, the pinnae4or5pairscorolla3merous.M.ceratonia 1.Erecttodecumbentherbto50cmtallstemspilose,cylindricalleafrachiswithoutspines,the pinnae1or2pairscorolla4merous M.pudica 1.Mimosaceratonia L.,Sp.Pl.523.1753. Distribution: Commonweedofdrycoastalscrub.Bethany(B200).AlsoonSt.Croix, St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaHispaniola,PuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles. Commonnames:amaretsteckel,blackamaret. 2.Mimosapudica L.,Sp.Pl.518.1753. Distribution: Commonweedofopendisturbedareas.MahoBayQuarteralongCenter Line Road (A2410). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda widespread throughoutthetropics. Commonnames: grishigrishi,gritchee,sensitiveplant.

47.PITHECELLOBIUMMart.,nom.cons. 1.Pithecellobiumunguiscati (L.)Benth., LondonJ.Bot.3:200.1844.

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Distribution: Commonshrubofcoastalscrublandsandopendisturbedareas.GreatCruz Bay (A2355) Enighed (A4006). Also on Anegada, Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas and VirginGordaFlorida,throughouttheWestIndies,Venezuela. Commonnames: bread&cheese,blackbead,crabprickle,goatbush.

48.SAMANEA(Benth.)Merr. 1.Samaneasaman (Jacq.)Merr.,J.Wash. Acad.Sci.6:47.1916. Distribution: Cultivated on St. John, with a few spontaneous individuals. Coral Bay (A2631, A2817) Lameshur Bay (A737). Apparently native to northern South America, planted andnaturalizedintheWestIndiesandthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames: licorice,raintree.

49.ZAPOTECAH.Hernndez 1.Zapotecaportoricensis(Jacq.)H.Hernndez,Ann.MissouriBot.Gard.73:758. 1986. Distribution: Acommonshrubofdryareas,alsofoundinopendisturbedareas.Along roadtoAjaxPeak(A2654)Bordeauxarea(A3238).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolaJamaica, Hispaniola,PuertoRico,Grenada,continentaltropicalAmerica. Cultivated species: Calliandra haematocephala Hassk. with bright red flowers and Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb with pinkish flowers are occasionally used as ornamentalplants.

39.FLACOURTIACEAE
_______________________________________ (FlacourtiaFamily) Keytogenera 1.Leaveswith3mainveinsarisingfromaroundedtocordatebasebladesusuallywithapairof roundedglandsclosetothepetiolestipules11.5cmlong,deciduous,leavingaconspicuous scarinflorescenceterminal,racemose Prockia 1. Leaves with a single midvein, the base obtuse, attenuate, cuneate or rounded blades without glands at base stipules < 5 mm long, usually early deciduous or wanting inflorescence axillary,fasciculate. 2.Trunkwithbranchedspinesleaves rigidcoriaceousstipules wanting flowersunisexual fruitaberry Xylosma 2. Trunk smooth, without spines leaves coriaceouschartaceous stipules minute, usually earlydeciduousflowersbisexualfruitafleshycapsule. 3. Lower surface of leaf glabrous or puberulent, tertiary veins not prominent sepals free or only connate at base, reflexed staminodes alternating with filaments, filamentsfree Casearia

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3. Lower surface of leaf pubescent, tertiary veins very prominent on lower surface sepalsconnateintoatubularcalyxstaminodeswantingfilamentsconnateintoa tubeadnatetothecalyxtube.Samyda 1.CASEARIAJacq. Keytothespecies 1.Styleshort,stigmas3,glabrous,theovaryglabroussepalsandpedicelsglabrous C.sylvestris 1. Style elongate and simple, thestigmacapitateandpubescent,theovarypubescentsepals and pedicelspubescenttopuberulent. 2. Lower surface of leaves puberulent along veins, not barbate in axils of veins stipules pubescentsepals puberulentstamens 8 staminodeslanceolatefruitsellipsoid,ridged, brown,thepericarpthick C.guianensis 2.Lowersurfaceofleaves barbate(tuft ofhairs)inaxils ofveinsstipulesglabroussepals pubescentstamens 10 staminodes oblongclubshapedfruitsglobose,smooth,yellow, thepericarpthin.C.decandra 1.Caseariadecandra Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.21.1760. Distribution: A common shrub of moist areas, usually along roadsides and open disturbedareas.Emmaus(A735)Susannaberg(A2805).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola andVirginGordacommonintheWestIndiessouthfromHispaniola,andfromHondurastoBrazil andArgentina. 2.Caseariaguianensis(Aubl.)Urb.,Symb.Antill.3:322. 1902. Distribution: A common tree of moist secondary forests and open disturbed areas. AdrianRuins(A2700)trailtoGentiBay(P29266).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortola theGreaterAntilles,LesserAntilles,PanamatonorthernSouthAmericasouthtoBrazil. 3.CaseariasylvestrisSw.,Fl.Ind.Occid.2:752.1798. Distribution: A common tree of moist secondary forests and open disturbed areas. AdrianRuins(A2109)Susannaberg(A713,A2801).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortola theGreaterAntilles,theLesserAntillesandcontinentaltropicalAmerica.

2.PROCKIAP.BrowneexL.

1.ProckiacrucisP.Browne exL.,Syst.Nat.ed. 0,2: 1074.1759. Distribution: An uncommon tree of moist forests. Bordeaux Mountain (W218) Fish Bay(A2671).AlsoonSt.ThomastropicalAmerica.

3.SAMYDAJacq. 1.Samydadodecandra Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.21.1760. Distribution: Foundindryforestsandincoastalscrub.Bethany(B340)trailtoBrown Bay(A1875).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolatheGreaterAntilles(exceptJamaica) andtheLesserAntilles.

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4.XYLOSMAG.Fors.,nom.cons. 1.Xylosmabuxifolia A.Gray inGriseb.,Pl.Wright.155. 1860. Distribution: Anuncommonshrubfoundinmoistforeststocoastalthickets.Bordeaux Mountain (W686). Also on St. Croix and Virgin Gorda throughout the West Indies (except Jamaica).

40.GOODENIACEAE
_______________________________________ (GoodeniaFamily) 1.SCAEVOLAL.,nom.cons. 1.Scaevolaplumieri (L.)Vahl,Symb.Bot.2:26.1791. Distribution: An uncommon shrub found along sandy coasts. Hansen Bay (A4222). AlsoonAnegada,St.CroixandTortolawidespreadontropicalsandycoasts.

41.LAMIACEAE
_______________________________________ (MintFamily) Keytothegenera 1.Stamensdeclinedorrestingonlowerlipofcorolla. 2.Calyxconspicuously2lippedlowercorollalobeplaneorspreading.Ocimum 2.Calyxlobesequallowercorollalobepouchlike.Hyptis 1.Stamenserectorascending,notdeclinedorrestingonlowerlipofcorolla. 3.Stamens4uppercorollalobeconcave. 4.Leaves deeply35lobed inflorescenceaglomeruleto1.5cmwidecorollalavender Leonurus 4. Leaves not lobed, serrate headlike inflorescence to 4.5 cm wide corolla orange Leonotis 3.Stamens2uppercorollalobenotconcave Salvia

1.HYPTISJacq.,nom.cons. Keytothespecies 1.Inflorescenceofgloboseheads.H.capitata 1.Inflorescenceracemoseorcymose,notforminggloboseheads. 2. Flowers congested in leaf axils, or in terminal spikes calyx puberulent, with subulate lanceolatelobes H.verticillata 2.Flowersinaxillaryracemesorterminalpaniclescalyxpubescent,withbristlelikelobes. 3.Stemspilosecalyx910mmlong.H.suaveolens 3.Stemspuberulentcalyx5.56mmlong.H.pectinata

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1.Hyptiscapitata Jacq.,Icon.Pl.Rar.1:11,t.114.1781. Distribution: A common roadside weed. Bethany (B261). Also on St. Croix, St. ThomasandTortolaapparentlynativetotropicalAmerica,establishedintheOldWorldtropics. Commonname: wildhops. 2.Hyptispectinata (L.)Poit.,Ann.Mus.Natl.Hist.Nat. 7:474.1806. Distribution: Acommonweedofdisturbed,openground.Bordeauxarea(A2587).Also onSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaapantropicalweed. Commonname: Frenchtea. 3.Hyptissuaveolens(L.)Poit.,Ann.Mus.Natl. Hist.Nat.7:472.1806. Distribution: A common weed of disturbed, open ground. Johnson Bay (A4027) Lameshur(B503).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttropical America,naturalizedintheOldWorld. 4.Hyptisverticillata Jacq.,Icon.Pl.Rar.1:11.1781. Distribution: A common weed of disturbed, open ground. Cinnamon Bay (M17089). AlsoonSt.ThomasthroughouttropicalAmerica.

2.LEONOTISR.Br. 1.Leonotisnepetifolia (L.)W.T.Aiton,Hort.Kew.ed.2,3:409.1811. Distribution: Acommonweedofdisturbed,openground.FishBay(A3878).Alsoon St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda native to tropical Africa but widespread throughoutthetropics. Common names:hollowstalk,hollowstock,rabbitfood.

3.LEONURUSL. 1.LeonurussibiricusL.,Sp.Pl.584.1753. Distribution: A fairly common weed of disturbed, open, moist ground. Carolina (A2584).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolanativetoAsia,butwidespreadfromtropical tosubtemperateAmerica.

4.OCIMUML. 1.Ocimumcampechianum Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8.1768. Distribution: Acommonweedofdisturbed,openground,alsoinunderstoryofsecondary vegetation.CoralBayQuarteralongCenterLineRoad(A3771).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas, TortolaandVirginGordawidespread throughtropicalAmerica. Commonnames: bellyachebalsam,bitterbushplant,passiabalsam.

5.SALVIAL.

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Keytothespecies 1. Plant puberulent to glabrescent, decumbent leaf base narrowed leaf margins serrate bracts ovate S.occidentalis 1. Plant pubescent or pilose, erect leaf base cordate or truncate leaf margins crenatedentate bractselliptictolanceolate. 2.Plantpiloselowerleafsurfacedenselycoveredwithsoft,curled,whitehairscorollawhite orlavender.S.serotina 2. Plant pubescent (curved hairs) lower leaf surface glabrous except for hairs along veins corollablueorviolet.S.micrantha 1.Salviamicrantha Vahl,Enum.Pl.1:235. 1804. Distribution: Common herb, found in open disturbed areas. Mandal (A2575) Susannaberg (A2806). Also on St. Croix the Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, Florida and Panama. 2.SalviaoccidentalisSw.,Prodr.14.1788. Distribution: Uncommonherb,foundinopen,moistareas.Bordeauxarea(4059)along roadtoPeterPeak(A4108).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolawidespreadthroughout thetropics. 3.Salviaserotina L.,Mant.Pl.1:25.1767. Distribution: Common herb, found in open fields and on sandy beaches. Long Bay (A671). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola throughout the West Indies and CentralAmerica.

42.LAURACEAE
_______________________________________ (Avocado Family) Keytothegenera 1.Parasiticherbaceoustwiningvinesleavesscalelike,0.10.2cmlongorwantinginflorescence ofshortspikes.Cassytha 1. Nonparasitic trees or shrubs leaves with typical regular blade, 825 cm long inflorescence paniculate. 2. Leaves with 3 main veins from near the base (lower pair of secondary veins stout and ascending).Cinnamomum 2.Leaveswith1mainveinbearingweaksecondaryveins(pinnatelyveined). 3.Fruit>7cmlongpericarpfleshy.Persea 3.Fruit0.82.5cmlongpericarpleathery. 4. Fertile stamens 3 fruiting receptacle double rimmed leaves stronglyaromatic barkpeelingoffinlongthickflakes Licaria 4.Fertilestamens 9 fruitingreceptaclenotrimmedleavesweaklyaromaticbark smooth.Ocotea

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1.CASSYTHAL. 1.CassythafiliformisL.,Sp.Pl.35.1753. Distribution: Uncommonherb,foundinopenfields.MariaBluff(W802).AlsoonSt. Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaacosmopolitanspecies.

2.CINNAMOMUMSchaeff.,nom.cons. 1.Cinnamomumelongatum (Nees)Kosterm.,Reinwardtia6:21.1961. Distribution: Commoninmoistforests.Bordeaux(A4264).AlsoonSt.ThomasCuba, Hispaniola,PuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles.

3.LICARIAL. Keytothespecies 1. Stamens free staminodes present fruit cupule to 8 mm diam. leaves lanceolate to elliptic lanceolate.L.parvifolia 1. Stamens connate into a short tube staminodes wanting fruit cupule 1219 mm diam. leaves ovateelliptic L.triandra 1.Licariaparvifolia (Lam.)Kosterm.,J.Sci.Res. (Jakarta)1:149.1952. Distribution: Occasional in moist forests. Bordeaux Mountain (A4696). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola probably in Hispaniola (fide Lamarck, 1792), Puerto Rico (includingVieques),andtheLesserAntilles. 2.Licariatriandra (Sw.)Kosterm.,RecueilTrav.Bot.Nerl.34:588.1937. Distribution: Common in moist forests. Trail to Petroglyph (A4122). Also in the GreaterAntilles,LesserAntillesandFlorida.

4.OCOTEAAubl. Keytothespecies 1.Leafbladesgallinfected(atleastsomeoftheleaves)fruitcupulewarty O.leucoxylon 1.Leafbladesnotgallinfectedfruitcupulesmooth. 2. Leaves coriaceous, with upper shiny surface tepals oblong or oblanceolate, densely pubescentwithinflowersbisexual. 3.Tepalsoblongtooblanceolate,4.55.5mmlongstemsglabrescent,shiny,grayish O. coriacea 3. Tepals oblong, 22.5 mm long stems with appressed white or yellowish hairs . O. patens 2.Leaves chartaceouscoriaceous,uppersurfacedull tepals ovate,22.5mmlong,sparsely pubescentflowersfunctionallyunisexualstemswithappressedwhiteoryellowishhairs O.floribunda 1.Ocoteacoriacea (Sw.)Britton inBritton&Millsp.,BahamaFl.143.1920.

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Distribution: A very common species throughout the island, occurring in dry to moist forest understory. Bordeaux area (A4260) Susannaberg (A847). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda Florida,fromMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica, andtheWestIndies. Commonname: peppercillament. 2.Ocoteafloribunda (Sw.)Mez,Jahrb.Knigl.Bot.Gart.Berlin5:325.1889. Distribution: An uncommon species of moist forests. Bordeaux (M17052, W619, A4694).AlsoonTortolaCentralAmericatonorthernSouthAmerica,includingtheGreaterand LesserAntilles. 3.Ocotealeucoxylon (Sw.)Laness.,Pl.Util.Col.Fran.156.1886. Distribution: A common species of moist secondary forests. Bordeaux area (A2099) Susannaberg(A847).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaGreaterAntilles, LesserAntilles. 4.Ocoteapatens(Sw.)Nees,Hufeland.Ill.10.1833. Distribution: Anuncommonspeciesofmoistsecondaryforests.Bordeauxarea(A5116). AlsoinHispaniola,PuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles. Cultivatedspecies: PerseaamericanaMiller,theavocado,iscultivatedontheisland,but notknowntobespontaneous.

43.LOGANIACEAE
_______________________________________ (LoganiaFamily) 1.SPIGELIAL. 1.Spigeliaanthelmia L.,Sp.Pl.149.1753. Distribution: An occasional roadsideweedofmoistareas.Carolina(A4139) LindPt. (A3087).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandVirginGordaacircumCaribbeanspecies,including theWestIndies. Commonnames:watergrass,wormgrass.

44.LORANTHACEAE
_______________________________________ (Mistletoe Family) 1.DENDROPEMONRchb. 1.DendropemoncaribaeusKrug&Urb.,Bot.Jahrb.Syst.24:27.1897. Distribution: Commoninmoistanddryforests.MariaBluff(A599)FishBay(A3907). Also onAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda PuertoRicoandtheLesser Antilles. Commonnames: bassan'boom,gadamighty.

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45.LYTHRACEAE
_______________________________________ (Loosestrife Family) Keytothegenera 1.Shrubover2mtallstipulesspinycorollawhite.Ginoria 1.Herb0.35to1.0mtallstipuleswantingcorollawhite,pinkorpurplepink.Ammannia 1.AMMANNIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Style>1.5mmlongcorollapurplepinkcymes15flowered A.coccinea 1.Styleto0.5mmlongcorollawantingorlightpinktowhitecymes13flowered A.latifolia 1.Ammanniacoccinea Rottb.,Pl.HortiUniv.Rar.Progr.(Hafn.)7.1773. Distribution: Occasionalinmoistopenareasandinsaltflatsalongthecoast.Fortsberg (A4080) Lameshur (A3199). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas eastern North America to northernSouthAmerica,includingtheWestIndies. 2.Ammannialatifolia L.,Sp.Pl.119.1753. Distribution: Occasionalinsalt flatsalongcoastalareas.Annaberg(A2922).Alsoon St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola eastern North America, the West Indies and scattered throughoutSouthAmerica. 2.GINORIAJacq. 1.Ginoriarohrii (Vahl)Koehne,Bot.Jahrb.Syst.3:351.1882. Distribution: Acommonshrubofcoastaldryforestsorthickets.CobGut(A3221)East End (A682). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Hispaniola and Puerto Rico. Commonnames: pricklewood,sugarant.

46.MALPIGHIACEAE
_______________________________________ (BarbadosCherry Family) Keytothegenera 1.Treesorshrubsfruitswingless,fleshyordry. 2.Leafbladesconspicuouslyglandularplantwithoutbristlesorstiffhairs. 3. Leaf glands 2, coneshaped, on lower portion of leaf margins sepals without glands stamenswithfreefilamentsfruitcapsular(cultivated) Galphimia 3. Leaf glands 2, impressed at base of blade between midribandmarginssepals witha pairofelongateglandson lowersurfacefruitafleshydrupe.Bunchosia 2.Leafbladeseglandularorifglandularthentheplantwithbristlesorstiffhairs.

457
4.Stylesslenderandsubulate,thestigmaminutefruitsturningfromgreentoyellowplant notcoveredwithstiffhairs.Byrsonima 4.Stylesstoutandcylindrical,thestigmaelongatefruitsredwhenmatureplantwithstiff hairscausingdermatitisoncontact(notveryobviousinthecultivatedM.emarginata) Malpighia 1.Twiningvinesorlianasfruitwinged,samaroidschizocarps. 5.Corollayellowinflorescenceaswideorwiderthanlongleaves(atleastsome)>5cmlong Stigmaphyllon 5.Corollapinkinflorescencelongerthanwideleaves<2cmlong Heteropterys 1.BUNCHOSIAKunth 1.Bunchosiaglandulosa (Cav.)DC.,Prodr.1:581.1824. Distribution: A common shrub of coastal dry forests or thickets. Carolina (A2819) Lameshur (B646). Also on Anegada, Jost van Dyke, St. Croix and St. Thomas the Bahamas, Hispaniola,PuertoRicoandLesserAntilles.

2.BYRSONIMAKunth Keytothespecies 1.Leaveselliptictooblonglanceolate,515cmlong,secondaryveinsprominentonlowersurface petalsyellow B.spicata 1. Leaves obovate or oblanceolate, 1.54 cm long,secondaryveins inconspicuouspetals turning fromwhitetopink,becomingredatmaturity.B.lucida 1.Byrsonimalucida (Miller)DC.,Prodr.1:580.1824. Distribution: A common shrub of dry to moist forests or coastal thickets. Coral Bay QuarteralongCenterLineRoad(A2942)WhiteCliffs(A2035).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croixand St.ThomasFlorida,Bahamas,GreaterandLesserAntilles. Commonname: gooseberry. 2.Byrsonimaspicata (Cav.)DC.,Prodr.1:580.1824. Distribution: A common tree of moist forests. Bordeaux area (A3820) Cruz Bay Quarter along Center Line road (A2939) Rosenberg (B319). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Lesser Antilles, northern South America,southtoBolivia.

3.HETEROPTERYSKunth 1.Heteropteryspurpurea (L.)Kunth inHumb.,Bonpl.&Kunth,Nov.Gen.Sp.(quarto ed.) 5: 164.1821[1822]. Distribution: Common in dry open areas and coastal scrub. Coral Bay (A2658) Lameshur(B627).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaFlorida,Bahamas, GreaterandLesserAntilles.

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4.MALPIGHIAL. Keytothespecies 1. Leaves < 2.5 cm long, the margins sinuatedentate, with marginal bristles corolla pink M. coccigera 1.Leaves>2.5cmlong,themarginsentirecorollawhite,lightyelloworpink. 2.Corollapink. 3.Leaveslinearornarrowlyelliptic,410cmlong,withacuteapicesfruits11.3cmwide .M.linearis 3. Leaves elliptic, 2.57 cm long, with retuse apices fruit 1.52.5 cm wide, edible (cultivated).M.emarginata 2.Corollawhitish,sometimesyellowishorpinkishtinged. 4.Leafmarginswithperpendicular,Tshapedbristles,2.55mmlongleafbladescabrous on upper surface (becauseofVshapedhairs), lowersurfacestrigose,withTshaped hairs2.55mmlongcorollawhitetoyellowishtinged.M.woodburyana 4. Leaf margins without bristles leaf blades nearly smooth (hairs Tshaped, 11.5 mm long), lower surface strigillose, with Tshaped hairs 11.5mmlong corollawhiteto pinkishtinged M.infestissima 1.Malpighiacoccigera L.,Sp.Pl.426.1753. Distribution: Ararespeciesofcoastalscrubanddrydeciduousforests.SaltPondtrail (M17064) Trail to Drunk Bay (A4133). Also in Cuba, Hispaniola and Puerto Rico, cultivated elsewhere. 2.Malpighiainfestissima Rich.exNied.,Malpighia15.1899. Distribution: A rare species of coastal scrub and dry deciduous forests. Probably extirpatedonSt.JohnonlyknownfromasinglecollectionbyVestin1906.AlsoonBuckIsland andSt.Croix. Commonnames: maddog,stingingbush,touchmenot. 3.MalpighialinearisJacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.21. 1760. Distribution: An uncommon species of coastal scrub and dry deciduous forests. Lameshur(A3229).AlsoonAnegada,St.ThomasandWaterIslandCulebraIsland(PuertoRico) andtheLesserAntilles. 4.Malpighiawoodburyana Vivaldi inAcev.Rodr.,Brittonia45:130.1993. Distribution: Anuncommonspeciesofcoastalscrubanddrydeciduousforests.Bethany (B179)HawksnestBay(A2311).AlsoonAnegada,BuckIsland,St.ThomasandWaterIsland PuertoRicoincludingMagueyes,CulebraandVieques. Cultivated species: Malpighia emarginata DC., commonly known as the Barbados Cherry,iscultivatedforitsred,edible,tastyfruits,exceptionallyrichinvitaminC. 5.STIGMAPHYLLONJuss. Keytothespecies

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1. Young branches tomentose leaves densely covered with appressed hairs on lower surface (tomentose to sericeous) blades with conspicuous reticulate venation samaras tomentose, greenishwhenyoung S.floribundum 1.Youngbranchesstrigilloseleavesglabrescentonbothsurfaces(strigillosewhenyoung)blades with pinnate venation (3 veins not conspicuous) samaras becoming glabrous with age, usuallyreddishwhenyoung.S.emarginatum 1.Stigmaphyllonemarginatum (Cav.)A.Juss.,Ann.Sci.Nat.Bot.,II,13:290.1840. Distribution: Common in dry open areas and coastal scrub. Dittlif Pt. (A3965) Salt Pond (A4042). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Jamaica, Hispaniola,PuertoRico(includingCulebraIsland),andtheLesserAntilles,southtoSt.Lucia. 2.Stigmaphyllonfloribundum (DC.)C.E. Anderson,Syst.Bot.11:128.1986. Distribution: Common in moist todeciduous,coastalforests.Bordeauxarea(A2854). AlsoonVirginGordaPuertoRico(includingMonaisland). Commonname: bullwiss. Cultivated species: Galphimia gracilis Bartl. with yellow flowers, although not very common,iscultivatedingardens.

47.MALVACEAE
_______________________________________ (Cotton Family) ByP.Fryxell Keytothegenera 1.Flowerssubtendedbyaninvolucelatbaseofcalyx. 2.Involucel3parted. 3.Involucellarbractsbroadlycordateovate,foliaceous.Gossypium 3.Involucellarbractslinear,spatulate,orligulate. 4. Leaves cordateovate, entire, coriaceous corolla 46 cm long fruits capsular, indehiscent,5celled Thespesia 4. Leaves truncate, serrate, crenate, or dentate corolla to 1 cm long fruits schizocarpicmericarps1014 Malvastrum 2.Involucel59(ormore)parted. 5.Stylesandstigmas5fruita5celledcapsule.(cultivated)Hibiscus 5.Stylesandstigmas10fruitaschizocarpof5mericarps. 6. Leaves with nectary on underside at base of midrib corolla lavender mericarps withnumerousglochids Urena 6. Leaves lacking nectaries corolla yellow mericarps apically 3spined, the spines retrorselybarbed.Pavonia 1.Flowerslackinganinvolucel. 7.Fruitsglobose,inflated,hispid,pendentonslenderpedicelsplantsdecumbenttoascending, oftenscandentcorollawhite Herissantia 7. Fruits neither inflated nor pendent plants usually erect shrubs, rarely trees (sometimes prostrateherbs),seldomscandentcorollaofvariouscolors,oftenyellow. 8.Carpels3seeded,oftenacuteoracuminateapically.

460
9. Mericarps 35, divided into 2 cells by a medial constriction, the lower cell indehiscent, 1seeded, the upper cell dehiscent, 2seeded, apically bulbous apiculate Wissadula 9.Mericarps68,undivided,withapicalspines24mmlong Abutilon 8.Carpels1seeded,bluntorspined apically. 10. Flowers congested in fewflowered heads subtended by specialized flora bracts stylesandstigmastwiceasmany(10)asmericarps(5) Malachra 10. Flowers solitary, fasciculate, or disposed ininflorescences,but not subtendedby specializedfloralbractsstylesandstigmasofsamenumberasmericarps(514). 11.Plantsarborescent .(cultivated)Bastardiopsis 11.Plantssubshrubsorherbs. 12. Calyx 45 mm long, unribbed mericarps essentially indehiscent, fragilewalled . Sidastrum 12.Calyxusuallymorethan5mmlong,oftenribbedorangularmericarpsusuallymoreor lessdehiscent,oftenindurate. 13. Calyx basally 10ribbed mericarps 514,indurate,usuallymoreorless reticulate laterally,oftenapically2spinedplantsvariously pubescent,viscidornot.Sida 13.Calyxobscurely5nervedmericarps68,essentiallyunornamented,bluntatapex plantnotablyviscidandmalodorous Bastardia 1.ABUTILONMiller 1.Abutilonumbellatum (L.)Sweet,Hort.Brit.ed.1,53.1826. Distribution: Common in open disturbedareas.FishBaynearmouthofFishBayGut (A3899)JohnsFolly(A3933)RamHeadTrail(W194a).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola, andVirginGordatheWestIndiesandtheUSA(Texas)toCentralandSouthAmerica(Venezuela toPeru).

2.BASTARDIAKunth 1.Bastardiaviscosa (L.)Kunth inHumb., Bonpl.&Kunth,Nov.Gen.Sp.5:199. 1822.

Keytothevarieties 1. Plants stellatetomentose (glandular hairs absent), thelongsimplehairs feworabsentcorolla ca.4mmlong .B.viscosa var.sanctaecrucis 1.Plantswithshortglandularhairsandwithlongsimplehairs,moreorlessthroughoutcorolla5 7mmlong .B.viscosa var.viscosa 1a.Bastardiaviscosa var.sanctaecrucisR.E.Fries,Kongl.SvenskaVetenskapsakad. Handl. III,24:22,t.5,f.1.1947. Distribution: A common roadside weed. Annaberg (W780) Coral Bay (A2787) HurricaneHole(A2436).AlsoonSt.CroixthroughouttheWestIndies. 1b.Bastardiaviscosa (L.)Kunthvar.viscosa

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Distribution:CoralBay(A2707)HawksnestBeach(A2901)Lameshur(W573).Alsoon St. Croix, St. Thomas and Virgin Gorda West Indies andthesouthernUnitedStates (Texas)to SouthAmerica(Peru).

3.GOSSYPIUML. 1.GossypiumbarbadenseL.,Sp.Pl.693.1753. Distribution: Occasional to common in open dry areas. Maria Bluff (A613) North ShoreRoad(A3235)CenterLineRoadnearturnofftoBordeauxMountain(Mori&Woodbury 17079).AlsoonJostVanDyke,St.CroixandSt.ThomasnativetoSouthAmericabutcultivated nowinmanypartsoftheworldasacommercialcropandasagardenplantthroughoutthetropics.

4.HERISSANTIAMedik. 1.Herissantiacrispa (L.)Brizicky,J.ArnoldArbor.49:279.1968. Distribution: Dittlif Point (W759). Also on St. Thomas the southern United States to SouthAmerica(Argentina),adventiveintheOldWorld.

7.MALACHRAL. 1.Malachraalceifolia Jacq.,Collectanea2:350.1789. Distribution: Often in disturbed ground. Lameshur (W515) Enighed (A3098).Alsoon St.CroixandSt.ThomasWestIndiesandsouthernMexico,CentralAmerica,andnorthernSouth America.

6.MALVASTRUMA.Gray Keytothespecies 1. Hairs of upper leaf surface simple flowers all axillary, scattered along branches, manifestly pedicellate, the pedicels 210 mm long stem pubescence of appressed stellate hairs with 4 rays,2antrorseand2retrorse mericarps with3prominentcuspsstaminalcolumnglabrous M.coromandelianum 1. Hairs of upperleafsurfacestellate flowers sometimes solitarybut usuallyinterminalspicate inflorescences, sessile orsubsessile stempubescenceofstellatehairs with312moreorless spreadingradiimericarpswithroundeddorsalwalllackingcusps(ortheseobscure)staminal columnpubescent. 2.Stemhairsmostly35rayed,appressedstellatehairsinflorescenceaspikeusuallynomore than2cmlongflowerswithpedicelsca.1mmlonglateralwallsofmericarpmoreorless pubescent.M.corchorifolium 2.Stemhairsmostly512rayed,tuftedstellatehairsinflorescenceadensespikeusuallymore than3cmlongflowerssessilelateralwallsofmericarpnearlyglabrous M.americanum 1.Malvastrumamericanum (L.)Torr.inEmory,Rep.U.S.Mex.Bound.2:38.1859.

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Distribution:Commonalongopenanddisturbedground.EastEnd(A5389)JohnsFolly (A3943)SouthsidePond(A4069).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandVirginGorda(fideBritton & Wilson,1924,p.550) WestIndies,southernUnitedStates (Florida,Texas)southtoMexico, CentralAmericaandSouthAmerica(Argentina),alsoadventiveintheOldWorld. 2.Malvastrumcorchorifolium (Desr.)Britton exSmall,Fl.Miami119.1913. Distribution:Commoninopendisturbedandwasteground.Invic.ofEnighed(A3924) CoralBay(A2578)MahoBayQuarteralongCenterLineRoad(A1852).AlsoonSt.Croixand VirginGorda(fideBritton&Wilson,1924,p.550)WestIndies,UnitedStates(Florida),Mexico, andCentralAmerica. 3.Malvastrumcoromandelianum (L.)Garcke,Bonplandia5:295.1857. Distribution: Occasional to common in open areas. Fish Bay (A3918) Lameshur (A3200). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas (fide Britton, 1918) and Tortola a pantropical weed, fromtheUnited States(Florida,Texas)toSouthAmerica(northernArgentina).

7.PAVONIACav. 1.Pavoniaspinifex (L.)Cav.,Diss.3:133,t.45,.2.1787. Distribution: Occasional in open disturbed areas such as roadsides and waste ground. SolomonBayclosetoResearchCenter(A2293)roadtoBordeaux(A3836).AlsoonSt.Croix,St. Thomas, andTortola thesoutheasternUnitedStates,theBahamanArchipelago,andtheGreater and Lesser Antilles, but not in South America (where it has frequently been cited as a result of misidentificationsofrelatedspecies).

8.SIDAL. Keytothespecies 1.Plantsprostrateherbs. 2. Leaves ovatecordate calyx lobes trullate, the margins dark green plants rooting at the nodescorollayellow S.repens 2.Leavesnarrowlyellipticcalyxlobeslackingdarkgreenmarginsplantsnotrootingatthe nodescorollapink S.ciliaris 1.Plantserectorascending(sometimesscandent)herbsorsubshrubs. 3. Leaf disposition (and branching pattern) distichous stipules prominent, often falcate, severalveined. 4.Stylesandmericarps810calyx68mmlong.S.acuta 4.Stylesandmericarps5calyx47mmlong. 5. Calyx 45 mm long plants sparsely pubescent leaves narrowly lanceolate, acutemericarpsminutelyapiculate.S.glomerata 5.Calyx67mmlongplantsdenselyandsoftlystellatepubescentleavesbroadly ovateelliptic, often obtuse mericarps with beaks 11.5 mm long S. jamaicensis 3.Leavesandbranchesspirallydisposedstipulesinconspicuous,usually1veined.

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6.Flowersandfruitssubsessile,aggregatedintodenseaxillaryglomerules(orinaxillary pedunculate "heads") stems often hispid, the hairs 23 mm long mericarps muticous,glabrousstemsoftenrecliningorscandent.S.urens 6. Flowers and fruits usually pedicellate, not glomerulate (usually solitary) stems not hispid(exceptsometimesinS.aggregata)mericarpsusuallyapicallyspined,often pubescentstemsusuallyerect(exceptoftenrecliningin S.glabra). 7.Stylesandmericarps814calyxmanifestly10ribbed. 8. Plant densely stellatetomentose throughout leaves serrate nearly to the basemericarpswithspinesthatareretrorselypubescent S.cordifolia 8. Plant minutely puberulent (appearing farinose) to glabrate leaves serrate distally,entirebasallymericarpsglabrous S.rhombifolia 7.Stylesandmericarps58calyx5or10angled. 9.Leavesovate,lanceolate,ornarrowlyoblongplantminutelystellatepubescentcalyx5 7mmlong,stellatetomentose,themarginssometimesreddish S.spinosa 9. Leaves cordateovate plant sometimes viscid calyx 46 mm long, the margins dark green. 10.Calyxlobeslanceolate,longerthanwide,equalingorexceedingthecalyxtubespines ofmericarps1.52mmlongstemsstellatepubescentflowersaxillary S.glabra 10. Calyx lobes triangular, wider than long, shorter than the calyx tube spines of mericarps0.51mmlongstemsviscidflowersinpanicles S.glutinosa 1.Sidaacuta Burm.f.,Fl.Indica147.1768. Distribution: A common weed of open areas such as roadsides and waste ground. Annaberg (M17080) Cruz Bay (A2273) trail to Sieben (A2061). Also on St. Croix and St. ThomasandTortolapantropical. 2.SidaciliarisL.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1145.1759. Distribution: Recently disturbed sites. Bethany (B329) Frank Bay (A4217) Nanny Point(A2441).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola,VirginGorda,andAnegadathesouthern UnitedStatestoArgentina. 3.Sidacordifolia L.,Sp.Pl.684.1753. Distribution:Occasionalinmoistormarshyareas.Lameshur(W677)withoutlocality (CFM174).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andVirginGordapantropical. 4.Sidaglabra Mill.,Gard.Dict.ed.8.1768,nonNutt.,1834. Distribution: Occasional in open habitats. Lameshur (A3230) Ram Head (W197) betweenSaltPondandCoralBay(A2793).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolatheWest IndiesandCentralAmericatoColombiaandVenezuela. 5.Sidaglomerata Cav.,Diss.1:18,t.2,f.6.1785. Distribution:Commonwidespreadweedofopenhabitats.Bethanyto Rosenberg(B213) Bordeaux (A3850) Coral Bay (A2447). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin GordaWestIndiesandCentralAmerica(asfarnorthasNicaragua)tomuchofSouthAmerica. 6.Sidaglutinosa Cav.,Diss.1:16,t.2,f.8.1785. Distribution: Occasional in open, disturbed habitats. Fish Bay (W738). Also on St. CroixtheWestIndies,Mexico,andCentralAmericatoColombiaandVenezuela.

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7.SidajamaicensisL.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2: 1145.1759. Distribution: East End (A3214) Fortsberg (A4086) Lameshur (B632). Also on St. Croix,St.Thomas,andVirginGordatheWestIndiesandMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica. 8.SidarepensDombey exCav.,Diss.1:7. 1785. Distribution: Occasional to common, in open and disturbed habitats. Bethany (B331) Lameshur(A4046)SolomonBeach(A2290).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola,andVirgin Gorda CentralAmerica,northeasternSouthAmerica,andWestIndiespossiblyintroducedfrom Malaysia(JavatothePhilippines). 9.Sidaspinosa L.,Sp.Pl.683.1753. Distribution: Occasional in open disturbed areas such as roadsides and waste ground. Coral Bay (A4243) Enighed (A3920). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Virgin Gorda pantropicalandextendingintothetemperatezonesasanannual. 10.SidaurensL.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1145.1759. Distribution:Uncommon,knownfromasinglecollection.BordeauxMountain(W695). AlsoonSt.ThomasMexico,WestIndies,CentralandSouthAmerica,andAfrica.

9.SIDASTRUME.G.Baker 1.Sidastrummultiflorum (Jacq.)Fryxell, Brittonia31: 298.1979. Distribution:Commoninopen,disturbedhabitatssuchasclearingsandroadsides.Coral Bay (A2788) L'Esperance (A2558) trail to Seiben (A2646). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, GuanaIsland(Tortola),andVirginGorda.

10.THESPESIASol.exCorra 1.Thespesiapopulnea (L.)Sol.exCorra,Ann. Mus. Hist.Nat. Paris 9: 290, t. 8, f.2.1807. Distribution: Common along sandy beaches. Coral Bay (A4028) Solomon Bay (A2286) Waterlemon Bay (A2522). Also on Jost Van Dyke, St. Croix, and St. Thomas pantropicalinlittoralhabitatssometimescultivatedasanornamentalshadetree.

11.URENAL. 1.Urenalobata L.,Sp.Pl.692.1753. Distribution:Occasionalindisturbedsitesalongroadsides.BordeauxMountain(A3177, A3849).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolapantropical.

12.WISSADULAMedik.

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Keytothespecies 1.Petiolesto1.5cmlongleafbladesshallowlycordate,morethantwiceaslongaswide,ovate triangular,themarginsrelativelystraight.W.periplocifolia 1.Petioles47cmlongleafbladesdeeplycordate,lessthantwiceaslongaswide,orbiculateor ovateacuminate,themarginscurvedthroughout.W.amplissima 1.Wissadulaamplissima (L.)R.E.Fries, Kongl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 43(4): 48.1908. Distribution:Acommonroadsideweed.BetweenBethanyandRosenberg(B216)Coral Bay(A4001)FishBayarea(W676).AlsoonSt.CroixandTortola(fideBritton,1918Britton& Wilson,1924,p.548)TexasandtheWestIndiestonorthernSouthAmericaandpartsofAfrica. 2.Wissadulaperiplocifolia (L.)C.Presl exThwaites,Enum.Pl.Zeyl.27.1858.Fig. Distribution: Commoninopendisturbedhabitats.RoadtoBordeauxMountain(A3127) trail to Brown Bay (A1866) trail to Fortsberg(A4093).AlsoonSt.Croix theWestIndies and MexicotoSouthAmericaandthePaleotropics. Cultivatedspecies: Bastardiopsiseggersii (E.G.Baker)Fuertes&Fryxell, (A4113).EndemictoCulebraand Tortola.

Caneel

Bay

Hotel

ground

HibiscusrosasinensisL.var.rosasinensis Thecommonhibiscus,commonlycultivated butunknowninthewild.

48.MELASTOMATACEAE
_______________________________________ (Melastome Family) Keytothegenera 1.Lowersurfaceofleafdenselycoveredwithstellatehairs,surfacerustybrownorgrayishwhite. Tetrazygia 1.Lowersurfaceofleafgreen,onlysparselycoveredwithstellatehairs,surfacegreenish Miconia

1.MICONIARuz&Pavn,nom.cons. 1.Miconialaevigata (L.)G.Don inSweet, Hort.Brit.159.1826. Distribution: Commoninmoistdisturbedareas.RoadtoBordeaux(A2594)MahoBay Quarter along Center Line Road (A2406). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola Central AmericatonorthernSouthAmerica,includingtheWestIndies.

2.TETRAZYGIADC. Keytothespecies

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1.Lowersurfaceofleavesashcolored(grayishwhite)petals1.21.4cmlongcalyxurnshaped, greenish,sparselycoveredwithminutestellatehairs T.eleagnoides 1.Lowersurfaceofleavesrustybrownpetalsca.3mmlongcalyxbellshaped,denselycovered withrustybrown,stellatehairs T.angustifolia 1.Tetrazygiaangustifolia (Sw.)DC.,Prodr.3:172.1828. Distribution: Commoninmoistforests.RoadtoBordeaux(A2600,A3822).AlsoonSt. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaJamaica,PuertoRicoandintheLesserAntilles. Commonnames: stinkingfish,spratwood. 2.Tetrazygiaeleagnoides(Sw.)DC.,Prodr.3:172.1828. Distribution: Commoninmoistanddryevergreenforests.Susannaberg(A3809)trailto GentiBay(GTP29289).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandVirginGordaHispaniolaandPuerto Rico(includingVieques). Commonname: krekre.

49.MELIACEAE
_______________________________________ (Mahogany Family) Keytothegenera 1.Fruitadrupeleafletsserrate. 2.Leaves23pinnateflowers0.81.2cmlongstaminalcolumnviolet Melia 2. Leaves once pinnate flowers 45 mm long staminal column white (cultivated) Azadirachta 1.Fruitacapsuleleafletsentire. 3.Capsuleovoid,610cmlong,withthickpericarp.Swietenia 3.Capsuleellipsoid,2.53cmlong,withthinpericarp.Cedrela

1.CEDRELAP.Browne 1.Cedrelaodorata L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:940.1759. Distribution: Uncommon in moist deep soil of forests. Trunk Bay (A2608, A2850). CommonthroughouttheNeotropics. Commonnames:acajou,redcedar.

2.MELIAL. 1.Meliaazedarach L.,Sp.Pl.384.1753. Distribution: A common roadside shrub, naturalized on St. John. Carolina (A4137) GreatCruzBay(A2371).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolacultivatedandnaturalized throughoutthetropicsandsubtropicsoftheNewWorld. Commonnames: chinaberry,hagbush,lilac.

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3.SWIETENIAJacq. 1.Swieteniamahagoni (L.)Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.20.1760. Distribution: Persistent aftercultivation CruzBayTown(A2514).Nativetosouthern Florida, the Bahamas, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Jamaica and Hispaniola introduced into Puerto Rico,theVirginIslandsandtheLesserAntilles. Commonname: mahogany. Cultivatedspecies: AzadirachtaindicaJuss.,onlyknown incultivationonSt.John.

50.MENISPERMACEAE
_______________________________________ (Moonseed Family) Keytothegenera 1. Herbaceous, pubescent vine to 5 m long leaves widely ovate to nearly rounded, cordate or truncateandpeltateatbasefruitsglobose,brightredorange.Cissampelos 1.Glabrouslianato15mlongleavesovatetowidelyovatefruitsobovoid,purple.Hyperbaena 1.CISSAMPELOSL. 1.Cissampelospareira L.,Sp.Pl.1031.1753. Distribution: Acommonweedyvineofopendisturbed,moistareasorsecondaryforests. Road to Bordeaux (A3126) trail to Brown Bay (A1868). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortolathroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:pataka,velvetleaf.

2.HYPERBAENA MiersexBenth.,nom.cons. 1.Hyperbaenadomingensis(DC.)Benth.,J.Proc.Linn.Soc.,Bot.5,Suppl.2:50. 1861. Distribution: An uncommon vine of moist forests only one male plant known at Bordeaux(A3173).AlsoonSt.ThomastheGreaterandLesserAntilles,northernSouthAmerica toBolivia.

51.MOLLUGINACEAE
_______________________________________ (Carpetweed Family)

1.MOLLUGOL. 1.MollugonudicaulisLam.,Encycl.4:234.1797. Distribution: Acommonweedofopenareas.JohnsFolly(A3934).AlsoonSt.Croix andSt.ThomasnativetotheOldWorld,nowaweedintheNeotropics.

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52.MORACEAE
_______________________________________ (Mulberry Family) Keytothegenera 1.Leavesto50cmlong,deeplylobedfruitglobose,1520cmdiam. .(cultivated)Artocarpus 1.Leavesto10cmlong,entirefruitagloboseorobovoidsyconiumlessthan1.8cmdiam..Ficus

1.FICUSL. Agenusofabout800species,withtropicalandsubtropicaldistribution. Keytothespecies 1.Leaves chartaceous tosubcoriaceous,elliptic,ovate,ellipticlanceolateorseldomoblanceolate, the apex acuminate, the base cordate to obtuse stipules glabrous syconia yellowish green, redspotted,becomingredatmaturity,theoperculumnotsurroundedbyarim.F.citrifolia 1. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic, oblong or obovate, the apex obtuse or acute, the base rounded to obtuse stipules sericeous to hirsute syconia yellowish green, not spotted, the operculum surroundedbyarim F.trigonata 1.Ficuscitrifolia Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8. 1768. Distribution: A common tree of moist forests to coastal scrub. Bordeaux Mountain (A1895) White Cliffs (A2042). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and VirginGordaFlorida,GreaterandLesserAntilles. Commonname: whitefig. 2.Ficustrigonata L.,Pl.Surin.17.1775. Distribution: Acommontreeofmoistforests.BordeauxMountain(A1912)CruzBay QuarteralongCenterLineRoad(A2392).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughout tropicalAmerica.

Cultivated species: Artocarpus altilis (Parkins.) Fosberg, commonly known as the breadfruittree,issometimescultivatedontheisland.

53.MORINGACEAE
_______________________________________ (HorseradishTree Family)

1.MORINGAAdanson 1.Moringaoleifera Lam.,Encycl.1:398.1785.

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Distribution: Persistent after cultivation, perhaps becoming naturalized. Coral Bay (A1950)CruzBayTown(A4039).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolanativetotheOld WorldbutwidelycultivatedandnaturalizingthroughouttropicalAmerica. Commonname: horseradishtree.

54.MYOPORACEAE
_______________________________________ (Myoporum Family)

1.BONTIAL. 1.BontiadaphnoidesL.,Sp.Pl.638.1753. Distribution: Acommoncoastalshrub.WaterlemonBay(A1933).AlsoonSt.Thomas andTortolathroughouttheWestIndies,southtoVenezuela.

55.MYRSINACEAE
_______________________________________ (Myrsine Family)

1.ARDISIASw.,nom.cons. 1.Ardisiaobovata Ham.,Prodr.Pl.Ind.Occid.26.1825. Distribution: Acommonshrubinsecondaryvegetation.Bordeaux(M17053)GiftHill (A2464)roadtoHermanFarm(M17009).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola andVirginGordaPuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles. Commonname: breakbill.

56.MYRTACEAE
_______________________________________ (Guavaberry Family) Keytothespecies 1.Leavessessileornearlyso,thebaseusuallyclaspingthestem. 2.Leaves >3.5cmlong,thickcoriaceous,withstronglyrevolutemarginsflowersca.1.5cm across. 3.Flowerscauliflorousfruitdepressedglobose,purplish,oneseeded.Eugeniaearhartii 3. Flowers solitary or paired in leaf axils fruits ellipsoid to globose, green, many seeded Psidium amplexicaule 2. Leaves 25 cm long, coriaceous, margins usually not revolute flowers ca. 5 mm wide .Eugeniacordata 1.Leavesdistinctlypetiolate,thebasenotclaspingthestem. 4.Leafapexobtuseorrounded.

470
5. Flowers cauliflorous (at least some of them) fruits redorange to bright red, 1.52 cm diam. Eugeniasessiliflora 5. Flowers congested in leaf axils, in axillary cymes, or in terminal panicles, never cauliflorousfruitsgreen(unknownin E.xerophytica). 6.Leafbladeswithcrenatemarginsflowers>2cmwide. 7. Leaf blades chartaceous, involute, venation not impressed above, the base nearly cordatetotruncateyoungstemsslightlyflattened,glabrous Eugeniaxerophytica 7.Leafbladescoriaceous,flattened,venationimpressedonuppersurface,thebaseobtuse youngbranches4winged,pubescent.Psidiumguajava 6.Leafbladeswithentiremarginsflowersto1cmwide. 8. Leaves rigid coriaceous, strongly aromatic, midvein impressed on upper surface hypanthiumcanescentwithin. 9.Leaves315cmlong,withstrongbayrumsmellhypanthiumglabrouswithoutcalyx andcorolla5merousfruits14seeded Pimentaracemosa 9. Leaves 2.57 cm long, with strong lemony smell hypanthium appressedcanescent withoutcalyxandcorolla4merousfruits12seeded.Myrcianthesfragrans 8. Leaves chartaceous, slightly or not aromatic, midvein prominent on upper surface hypanthiumglabrouswithin .Myrciacitrifolia var.imrayana 4.Leafapexacutetoacuminate(atleastsome). 10. Flowers in axillary panicles to 5 cm long, rustybrownpubescent calyx opening by a circumscissilelidpetalswanting Calyptranthesthomasiana 10.Flowerscongestedinleafaxils,orinshortracemes,themainaxis0.13cmlongcalyxof imbricatesepalspetalspresent. 11.Flowersnearlysessile Myrciariafloribunda 11.Flowerspedicellate. 12.Racemeaxis13cmlong Eugeniabiflora 12.Racemeaxislessthan1cmlong,orflowers13inleafaxils. 13.Reticulatevenationconspicuous (prominent)at leastonlowersurfaceofleaf blade. 14. Leaves thick coriaceous, long acuminate flowers 26, in short axillary racemes (the axis 18 mm long) sepals ca. 1.5 mm long fruits ca. 7 mm diam. Eugeniaconfusa 14.Leaveschartaceous,bluntlyacuminateflowers13perleafaxil(inflorescence axisca.1mmlongorshorter)sepals33.5mmlongfruits1.32cmdiam.. Eugeniapseudopsidium 13.Primaryandsecondaryveinsslightlyconspicuous. 15. Leaves with impressed midvein on upper surface meristems covered with overlapping,elongatescalesflowers 1cmacross Eugenialigustrina 15. Leaves with slightly prominent midvein on upper surface branches naked flowers<8mmacross. 16. Pedicels 515 mm long flowers appearing fasciculate, raceme axis 12 mmlong.

471
17. Leaves 1.54.5 cm long,elliptictoellipticovate branchlets,petioles andleafmidveinshispidulous .Eugeniaprocera 17.Leaves36cmlong,ovatetolanceolateplantglabrous Eugeniarhombea 16.Pedicelsto5mmlong,axisofracemeto5mmlong. 18.Leaves1.54cmlong,elliptic,ellipticlanceolateorovatewithrevolute base .Eugeniamonticola 18.Leaves38cmlong,ovatetoelliptic,basenotrevolute Eugeniaaxillaris

1.CALYPTRANTHESSw.,nom.cons. 1.Calyptranthesthomasiana O.Berg,Linnaea27:26.1855. Distribution: A rare species found only in moist forest. Bordeaux Mountain (W827, A1913,A5103).AlsoknownfromSt.Thomas,VirginGordaVieques(PuertoRico). 2.EUGENIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Leafbasecordate. 2.Leavesthickcoriaceous,brittleflowerscauliflorous.E.earhartii 2.Leavescoriaceousorchartaceousflowersaxillary. 3.Flowers2cmwide E.xerophytica 3.Flowers78mmwide E.cordata 1.Leafbaserounded,obtuse,acuteortapering. 4. Leaves thickcoriaceous, the apex obtuse to rounded flowers (at least some) cauliflorous fruits1.52cmdiam. E.sessiliflora 4. Leaves coriaceous to chartaceous, the apex acute, acuminate or seldom obtuse flowers in axillaryinflorescencesfruits<1cmdiam. 5.Racemeaxis13cmlongtheflowersinaxillaryracemes.E.biflora 5.Racemeaxislessthan1cmlongtheflowersappearingfasciculate,orsolitaryinleafaxils. 6.Flowerssolitaryorpairedinleafaxil. 7.Leaveselliptic,coriaceous,25cmlong,conspicuouslyyellowishpunctate,thetertiary venation inconspicuous meristems covered with overlapping scales flowers solitary, thepeduncles1.83.5cmlong,withapersistent,elongatescaleatbasefruitsblack E. ligustrina 7.Leaves ovateorelliptic,3.59cmlong,inconspicuouslypunctate,thetertiaryvenation conspicuousmeristemsnakedflowers23orlessoftensolitary,thepedicels1.52cm longfruitredorangewhenmature.E.pseudopsidium 6.Flowers(2)6tonumerousinleafaxils. 8.Leavesthickcoriaceous,abruptlylongacuminateatapex E.confusa 8.Leaveschartaceoustocoriaceous,acuminate(theacumenobtuse)oracute. 9.Pedicels515mmlongracemeaxis1mmlongorless. 10. Leaves 1.54 cm long, ovateelliptic branchlets, petioles, lower side of leaf midveins,andleafmarginshispidulous.E.procera

472
10.Leaves36cmlong,ovatetolanceolateplantglabrous.E.rhombea 9.Pedicels15mmlong,axisofracemeto5mmlong. 11.Leaves1.54cmlong,elliptic,ellipticlanceolateorovate,withrevolutebase.E. monticola 11.Leaves38cmlong,ovatetoelliptic,basenotrevolute E.axillaris 1.Eugeniaaxillaris(Sw.)Willd.,Sp.Pl.2:960.1799. Distribution: An uncommon tree of moist to dry evergreen forests. Road toBordeaux (A4053).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttheCaribbean,and coastalMexico. 2.Eugeniabiflora (L.)DC.,Prodr.3:276.1828. Distribution: Acommontreeofmoisttodryevergreenforests.CruzBayQuarteralong CenterLineRoad(A2808) trailtoPetroglyphs (A2931).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda throughout the West Indies and Mexico to northern South America,apparentlynotpresentinCuba. 3.Eugeniaconfusa DC.,Prodr.3:279.1828. Distribution: A rather uncommon tree of moist or dry evergreen forests. Road to Bordeaux(A2098).AlsoinFlorida,GreaterAntilles,Bahamas,andLesserAntilles. 4.Eugeniacordata (Sw.)DC.,Prodr.3:272.1828. Distribution: Acommonshrubofcoastalscruborseasonaldeciduousforests.Eastside ofMinnaHill(A3205) NewfoundBay(A4148) Lameshur(B636).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St. Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaSt.Barts. 5.Eugeniaearhartii Acev.Rodr.,Brittonia45:133.1993. Distribution: A rare shrub of coastal thickets or thorny scrub. Known only from two localitiesonSt.John.EasternsideofMinnaHill(A3204)trailfromEuropaBaytoWhiteCliffs (A5233). 6.Eugenialigustrina (Sw.)Willd.,Sp.Pl.2:962.1799. Distribution: Acommonshrubofcoastalscruborseasonaldeciduousforests.Bethany (B347) Lameshur (A743). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin GordathroughouttheCaribbeanandnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonnames: birchberry,crumberry. 7.Eugeniamonticola (Sw.)DC.,Prodr.3:275.1828. Distribution: A common shrub of dry to moist forests. Susannaberg (A3808) trail to Brown Bay along trail to Lameshur (A3184). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttheWestIndiesandnorthernSouthAmerica. 8.Eugeniaprocera (Sw.)Poir.inLam.,Encycl.Suppl.3:129.1813. Distribution: A common shrub of scrub or dry to moist forests. Bordeaux Mountain (W105) Reef Bay trail (A4123). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola Cuba,Hispaniola,PuertoRico,LesserAntillesandnorthernColombiaandVenezuela. 9.Eugeniapseudopsidium Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.23.1760.

473
Distribution: Acommonshrubofmoisttodryforests,mostlyinunderstory,butalsoin disturbed, open areas. Road to Bordeaux (A2853) Bethany (B341). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola Hispaniola, Puerto Rico (including Vieques and Culebra) and Lesser Antilles. Commonnames: bastardguava,Christmascherry,wildguava. 10.Eugeniarhombea Krug&Urb.exUrb.,Bot.Jahrb.Syst.19:644.1895. Distribution: An uncommon shrub of dry forests or scrub. LameshurReef Bay trail (W429). Also on St. Croix Florida, easternMexico,Guatemala,Honduras,andthroughout the WestIndies. Commonname: crumberry. 11.Eugeniasessiliflora Vahl,Symb.Bot.3:64.1794. Distribution: An uncommon shrub of scrub, dry forests or moist forests. Concordia (A2763) vic. of Southside Pond (A1830). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin GordaPuertoRico,includingViequesandCulebra. 12.Eugeniaxerophytica Britton,Bull.TorreyBot.Club51: 11.1924. Distribution: Arareshrubofscrubordryforests.PreviouslyknownonSt.Johnfrom threeindividuals,ofwhichonlyoneremains.MariaBluff(A764).AlsoonsouthernPuertoRico, andCajadeMuertoIsland.

3.MYRCIA DC.exGuillemin About300species,fromtropicalandsubtropicalAmerica. 1.Myrciacitrifolia (Aubl.)Urb.var.imrayana (Griseb.)Stehl&Quentin,Fl. Guadalupe2(3): 57.1949. Distribution: Acommontreeofmoistforests.Bordeaux(A2598,A2861,B566).Also onSt.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaPuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles.

4.MYRCIANTHESO.Berg 1.Myrcianthesfragrans(Sw.)McVaugh, Fieldiana,Bot.29: 485.1963. Distribution: A common tree of moist forests. Camelberg Peak(A4249).AlsoonSt. CroixandTortolathroughouttheWestIndiesandMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica.

5.MYRCIARIAO.Berg 1.Myrciariafloribunda (H.WestexWilld.)O.Berg,Linnaea27:330.1856. Distribution: Anuncommontreeofmoistforests.Bordeaux(A2626,A3823).Alsoon JostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaPuertoRico(includingVieques), Cuba,Hispaniola,LesserAntilles,MexicoandnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonname: guavaberry.

474
6.PIMENTALindl. 1.Pimentaracemosa (Miller)J.W. Moore var.racemosa,BerniceP. Bishop Mus.Bull.102:33.1933. Distribution: A common tree of moist secondary forests, previously widely cultivated not known for sure whether native to the Virgin Islands or not. Bordeaux (A829) Gift Hill (A2852).This varietyis alsofoundonSt.Croix,TortolaandVirginGordaPuertoRico,Cuba andtheLesserAntilles. Commonnames:bayleaf,bayrumtree,cinnamon,cinnamonbush.

7.PSIDIUML. Keytothespecies 1. Leaves nearly sessile, with base usually clasping the stem venation inconspicuous . P. amplexicaule 1. Leaves distinctly petiolate, base not clasping stem venation prominent on lower surface P. guajava 1.PsidiumamplexicaulePers.,Syn.Pl.2:27.1806. Distribution: Acommonshrubofmoistforests.Bordeaux(A2862,A5216).AlsoonSt. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Puerto Rico and Nevis. According to Britton & P. Wilson (1925),thisspecieswascultivatedonSt.CroixandGuadeloupe. Commonname: mountainguava. 2.Psidiumguajava L.,Sp.Pl.470.1753. Distribution: Apparently introduced, a few individuals known to be growing spontaneously.RoadtoBordeaux(A2896)CinnamonBay(A5149).NativetotropicalAmerica, nowcultivatedandescapethroughoutthetropics. Commonname: guava.

57.NYCTAGINACEAE
_______________________________________ (FourO'Clock Family) Keytothegenera 1.Plantsherbaceousflowersbisexual Boerhavia 1.Plantswoody(trees,shrubsorlianas)flowersunisexual. 2.Shrub13mtallleaves0.52.5cmlong,oblanceolatetospatulate.Neea 2.Treesorlianas,toover5mtallleaves>2.5cmlong,variouslyshapedbutnotasabove. 3.Fruitsnotfleshy,coveredwithstipitateglands.Pisonia 3.Fruitfleshy,notglandular Guapira

1.BOERHAVIAL. Keytothespecies

475
1.Anthocarpsglabrous,pedicellateflowerswhiteorpinkishtinged. 2.Planterecttodecumbentanthocarps3.23.5mmlong,5ribbed B.erecta 2. Plant with elongate, climbing fragile stems anthocarps 1213 mm long, 10striate when mature,glandulartowardtheapex.B.scandens 1.Anthocarpsglandularpubescent,sessileflowersredtoviolet. 3. Inflorescences < 5 cm long, with puberulent axes flowers 512 in dense subcapitate clusters B.coccinea 3.Inflorescence>10cmlong,withglabrousaxesflowers24(7)onlongsecondaryaxes B. diffusa 1.Boerhaviacoccinea Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8.1768. Distribution: Acommonroadsideweed.Emmaus(A2004,A2821)ReefBayQuarterat Lameshur(B643).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.Thomasapantropicalweed. 2.Boerhaviadiffusa Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8.1768. Distribution: Acommonweedofopenareas,commonalongsandybeaches.ReefBay (A2727).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaapantropicalweed. Commonnames: battabatta,kallaloobush. 3.Boerhaviaerecta L.,Sp.Pl.3.1753. Distribution: A common roadside weed. Great Cruz Bay (A2356) Emmaus (A2822) FishBay(A2812).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordatropicalAmerica, WestAfricaandMalaysia. 4.BoerhaviascandensL.,Sp.Pl.3.1753. Distribution: Acommonroadsideweed.WaterlemonBay(A2520).AlsoonSt.Croix, St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordatropicaltosubtemperateAmerica.

2.GUAPIRAAubl. 1.Guapirafragrans(Dum.Cours.)Little, Phytologia17:368.1968. Distribution: A common tree of dry to moist forests. Bordeaux (P29306) Lind Pt. (A2695).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordatheGreater Antilles,theLesserAntillesandnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonnames:blackmampoo,wildmampoo.

3.NEEARuz&Pavn 1.Neeabuxifolia (Hook.f.)Heimerl,Bot.Jahrb. Syst.21:633.1896. Distribution: Anuncommonshrubofdrytomoistforests.CruzBayQuarteralongtrail to Margaret Hill (A2305), and Maria Bluff area (A4706) Reef Bay Quarter at Europa Bay (A4143).AlsoonSt.ThomasandGuanaIslandPuertoRico,includingCulebra.

4.PISONIAL.

476
Keytothespecies 1.Liana,withrecurvedspinesontrunkandlateralbranchesbranches4angled,divaricateleaves usuallyelliptic P.aculeata 1.Tree,withoutspinesbranchesnearlycylindricalleaveswideovatetorounded.P.subcordata 1.Pisoniaaculeata L.,Sp.Pl.1026.1753. Distribution: An occasional liana of thickets or dry to humid forest. Lameshur flood plain(W760).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomaswidespreadthroughouttheNeotropics. Commonname: pricklymampoo. 2.Pisoniasubcordata Sw.,Prodr.60.1788. Distribution: Acommontreeofdryforestandthickets.DenisBay(M16586)EastEnd Pt. (A657). Also on Anegada, St. Croix and St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Jamaica, PuertoRico,includingViequesandCulebrita,andtheLesserAntilles. Commonnames: loblolly,mampoo,watermampoo. Cultivated species: Bouganvillea glabra Choisy and Bouganvillea spectabilis Willd. are occasionallycultivatedontheisland.

58.OCHNACEAE
_______________________________________ (OchnaFamily) 1.OURATEAAubl.,nom.cons. 1.OuratealitoralisUrb.,Symb.Antill.1:363.1899. Distribution: Anoccasionalshrubofmoistforests.Bordeaux(A4675,A5215).Alsoon St.ThomasandVirginGordaPuertoRico.

59.OLACACEAE
_______________________________________ (OlaxFamily) Keytothegenera 1.Unarmedshrubs ortreesleavesobovatetoellipticbracteolesconnateintoanepicalyxpetals connateintoabellcorolla,withatuft ofhairs at thepoint ofattachmentofanthersdrupes ovoidtoellipsoid Schoepfia 1.Spinyshrubsortreesleaveselliptictoovatebracteolesnotforminganepicalyxpetalsfreeto base, densely pubescent throughout most of their inner surface drupes nearly globose Ximenia 1.SCHOEPFIASchreber Keytothespecies 1. Shrub or small tree to 5 m tall leaves obovatetoelliptic,24cmlong,withobtuseapex.S. obovata

477
1. Tree to 7 m tall leaves ovate to lanceolate, 48 cm long, with acute to acuminate apex S. schreberi 1.Schoepfiaobovata C.WrightinSauv.,AnalesAcad.Ci.Md.Habana5:289. 1868. Distribution: A rare shrub in coastal thickets. Lameshur (W513). Also on Anegada Bahamas,PuertoRico,Cuba,JamaicaandHispaniola. 2.Schoepfiaschreberi J.F.Gmel.,Syst.Nat.2:376.1791. Distribution: An uncommon shrub of coastal thickets and dry forests. Bordeaux (W617) ChristoftheCaribbean(A2918)trailtoReefBay(A2670).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt. Thomas Puerto Rico (including Vieques), throughout the Caribbean region and Mexico to northernSouthAmerica.

2.XIMENIAL. 1.Ximeniaamericana L.,Sp.Pl.1193.1753. Distribution: An uncommon shrub of coastal thickets. Drunk Bay (W541). Also throughouttropicalAmericaandAfrica.

60.OLEACEAE
_______________________________________ (Olive Family) ByScottLaGreca Keytothegenera 1.Corollasalverform.Jasminum 1.Corollaof4nearlydistinctpetals,orwanting. 2. Corolla of 4 white, narrowly lanceolate petalsflowers borneinloose,drooping,axillary panicles.Chionanthus 2.Corollawantingflowersborneinshort(57mmlong)axillaryracemes Forestiera 1.CHIONANTHUSL. 1.Chionanthuscompacta Sw.,Prodr.13.1788. Distribution:Frequentinmoistforests.Bordeauxroad(A1896)Susannaberg(A2800) MahoBayQuarteralongNorthShoreRoadtowardAnnabergRuins (A1931).AlsoonJostvan Dyke, St. Croix and St. Thomas Puerto Rico (including Culebra and Vieques), Hispaniola, the LesserAntilles,Trinidad,Tobago,Venezuela(includingMargaritaIsland),andColombia.

2.FORESTIERAPoir. 1.Forestieraeggersiana Krug&Urb.,Bot. Jahrb.Syst.15:339.1893. Distribution: A common shrub of coastal thickets and dry forests. MaryPt.(A2343) trailfromLameshurtoEuropaBay(A3194).AlsoonSt.ThomasandVirginGordaPuertoRico (includingCulebraandVieques)andSt.Barthelemy.

478

3.JASMINUML. Keytothespecies 1.Leavestrifoliatecalyxlobessharplyacuminateantherlobeapicesnarrowed.J.fluminense 1. Leaves simple calyx lobes linear, narrow, elongate, and erect antherlobe apices blunt J. multiflorum 1.JasminumfluminenseVell.,Fl.Flumin.10.1825[1829]. Distribution: A naturalized species, occasional in open, disturbed sites. Road to Bordeaux (A2892, A3839). A native of tropical Africa, but this plant was first described from Brazil,andisnownaturalizedthroughoutthetropics. 2.Jasminummultiflorum (Burm.f.)Andrews,Bot.Repos.8:part102,t.496.1807. Distribution: A naturalized species, occasional in open, disturbed sites. Road to Bordeaux (A4672) Maho Bay Quarter along Center Line Road (A3854). Native to Asia but widelycultivatedthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames: starjessamine,hairyjasmine.

61.ONAGRACEAE
_______________________________________ (EveningPrimrose Family)

1.LUDWIGIAL. 1.Ludwigiaoctovalvis(Jacq.)Raven,Kew Bull.15:476. 1962. Distribution: A common weed of wet ditches along roadsides. Road to Bordeaux (A1890).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolawidespreadthroughoutthetropics.

62.OXALIDACEAE
_______________________________________ (WoodSorrel Family)

1.OXALISL. 1.Oxaliscorniculata L.,Sp.Pl.435.1753. Distribution: Anoccasionalweedofhumid,shadedareas.RoadtoBordeaux(A3848) HermanFarm(A870).AlsoonTortolawidespreadthroughouttheworld.

63.PAPAVERACEAE

479
_______________________________________ (Poppy Family)

1.ARGEMONEL. 1.Argemonemexicana L.,Sp.Pl.508.1753. Distribution: Acommonweedofopendisturbedareas.LongBay(A672).AlsoonSt. Croix,St.ThomasandTortolawidespreadweedthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames: Mexicanpoppy,thistleroot,yellowthistle.

64.PASSIFLORACEAE
_______________________________________ (PassionFruitFamily)

1.PASSIFLORAL. Keytothespecies 1.Leavesoblongtoellipticlanceolate,entire,notlobed. 2. Plant glabrous flowers solitary, 68 cm wide, subtended by an involucre of 3, large, foliaceousbracts.P.laurifolia 2. Plant tomentose flowers clustered in leaf axils, 0.8 cm wide, subtended by a minute, subulatebract P.multiflora 1.Leavesvariouslyshaped,shallowlytodeeplylobed. 3.Leaves deeply3lobed,withcentrallobelongerthanthelateralones(theleaflongerthan wider)fruityellow,orangeorpurplewhenmature. 4.Leafmarginsserrateordeeplycrenatefruitsyellowtoorangewhenmature. 5. Plant glabrous, odorless petioles with 2 glands bracts leaflike fruit 57 cm long.P.edulis 5.Plantpilose,withstrongfoetidodorpetiolesglandlessbractsdeeplydissected, covered with numerous sticky, glandular hairs fruits 1.52.5 cm long . P. foetida 4.Leafmarginsentirefruitsbluishpurplewhenmature..P.suberosa 3.Leaves2lobed,thelobesprojectingbeyondtheapexofthebladefruitsredorreddishpink whenmature.P.rubra

1.PassifloraedulisSims,Bot.Mag.45:t.1989.1818. Distribution: Introduced for its juicy fruits, found occasionally as an escape in open disturbedareas.RoadtoSusannaberg(A834).AlsoonSt.Thomaswidelycultivatedthroughout thetropicsforitsediblefruits. Commonname: passionfruit. 2.Passiflorafoetida L.,Sp.Pl.959.1753. Distribution: Acommonweedyspeciesfromopendisturbed,dryareas.ChocolateHole (A772) Cruz Bay (A1948). Populations on St. John seem to belong inPassiflora foetida var.

480
gossypifolia (Ham.) Masters, which is a common variety throughout tropical America. The species has been reported for St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola by Britton (1924) without referencetovariety. Passiflorafoetidavar.hispida(DC.)KillipexGleasonhasbeencollectedon St.Thomas(A5186). Commonnames: loveinthemist,papbush. 3.Passifloralaurifolia L.,Sp.Pl.956.1753. Distribution: A common vine of moist disturbed areas. Road to Bordeaux (A1924, A2856). Reported for St. Croix, St. Thomas (Britton 1924) and Tortola (DArcy, 1967) throughouttheWestIndiesandnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonnames: bellapple,waterlemon. 4.Passifloramultiflora L.,Sp.Pl.956.1753. Distribution: An occasional vine of dry to moist forests. Bordeaux (A3857). Also on TortolaPuertoRico,Florida,Bahamas,CubaandHispaniola. 5.Passiflorarubra L.,Sp.Pl.956.1753. Distribution: Acommonroadsideweed,alsoinmoisttodryforests.Bordeaux(A4052) FrancisBay(A905).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalAmerica. Commonname: batwing. 6.Passiflorasuberosa L.,Sp.Pl.958.1753. Distribution: A common weed, from moist to dry forests or open disturbed areas. Bordeaux (A3133) trail to L'Esperance (A2063). Also on Anegada, St. Croix, St. Thomas, TortolaandVirginGorda commonthroughout theWestIndies andtropicalAmerica,introduced intotheOldWorldtropics. Commonnames: indigoberry,inkberry.

65.PHYTOLACCACEAE
_______________________________________ (Pokeweed Family) Keytothegenera 1.Erectherbsorsubshrubsstamens48. 2.Wholeplantstronglyfoetidinflorescencespicatefruitsoblongtrigonous,green,with46 retrorsehooks.Petiveria 2. Leaves slightly foetid inflorescence racemose fruits globose, fleshy, red or redorange, smooth Rivina 1.Climbingshrubsorlianasstamens816.Trichostigma

1.PETIVERIAL. 1.Petiveriaalliacea L.,Sp.Pl.342.1753. Distribution: Acommonweedofdisturbed,openareas.RoadtoSusannaberg(A2807) ReefBayQuarterat FishBay(A3886).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas andTortola acommon weedoftropicalAmerica.

481
Common names: Congoroot,gullyroot,strongmanbush.

2.RIVINAL. 1.RivinahumilisL.,Sp.Pl.121.1753. Distribution: A common herb in the understory of coastal forests and adjacent areas. ChocolateHole(A784)GreatCruzBay(A2358).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaa commonweedoftropicalAmerica. Commonnames: cat'sblood,jumbiepepperbush,pimbapepper,snakebush,stockma hark. 3.TRICHOSTIGMAA.Rich. 1.Trichostigmaoctandrum (L.)H.Walter,Pflanzenr.4(83):109.1909. Distribution: Acommonvinefrommoisttodryforestsorinopendisturbedareas.Maria Bluff (A628). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda common throughout tropicalAmerica. Commonnames:basketwiss,blackhoopwood,hoop,hoopvine.

66.PIPERACEAE
_______________________________________ (PepperFamily) ByRodolfoQuiros Keytothegenera 1. Plants herbaceous, fleshy or succulent leaves alternate, opposite or whorled stigmas 1 Peperomia 1.Plantsshrubs,moreorlesswoody,notsucculentleavesalternatestigmas26.Piper 1.PEPEROMIARuz&Pavn Keytothespecies 1.Leafbladeswithblackorglandulardots. 2.Leaves opposite,orwhorledin3'sat thebaseoftheinflorescences,glandulardotted.P. humilis 2.Leavesalternate,withblackdots. 3.Epiphyticherbsleaves3nerved,thepetioleswith2ciliateridges P.glabella 3.Terrestrialherbs,stembranchingfromthebase,withapinkorreddishhue leaves strongly3or5nervedfromthebase,thepetiolesglabrous.P.myrtifolia 1.Leafbladeswithoutglandularorblackdots. 4.Terrestrialerectordecumbentherbsstemsbrownish,rootingatlowernodesleaves415 cm long, obovate or obovateelliptic, the base attenuate into a nearly winged petiole spikesdenselyflowered P.magnoliifolia 4. Terrestrial, erect herbs, with translucent stems leaves usuallycordateat base(less often subtruncate or rounded, petioles claspingdecurrent on stem at base spikes loosely flowered.P.pellucida

482

1.Peperomiaglabella (Sw.)A.Dietr.,Sp.Pl.1:156.1831. Distribution: Anoccasionalherbofmoistshadedareas,veryofteninforestunderstory. Bordeaux(A4266,B576,W762).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalAmerica. 2.PeperomiahumilisA.Dietr.,Sp.Pl.1:168.1831. Distribution: Inshadedareasanddisturbedopenroadsides.RoadtoAjaxPeak(A2657) CenterLineRoadbykm.5.6(A2418)WhiteCliffs(A2709).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomasand TortolainFlorida,CentralAmerica,theGreaterandLesserAntilles. 3.Peperomiamagnoliifolia (Jacq.)A.Dietr.,Sp.Pl.1: 153.1831. Distribution: Commonherbinforestunderstory,foundonhumuslayer.BordeauxMt. (A618). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas andTortola Mexico,CentralAmerica,theWestIndies andSouthAmerica. 4.Peperomiamyrtifolia (Vahl)A.Dietr.,Sp.Pl.1:147.1831. Distribution: Mostly on organic matter in understory of secondary forest. Hawksnest Gut(A2669)AnnabergtoNorthShoreRoad(A2869).AlsoonSt.Croix,VirginGordaVieques andintheLesserAntilles. 5.Peperomiapellucida (L.)Kunth inHumb.,Bonpl.&Kunth,Nov.Gen.Sp.1:53.1816. Distribution. Along shaded stream banks. Jeep trail to Seiben (A2054). Also on St. Croix,St.ThomasandTortolapantropical. Commonname:shinybush.

2.PIPERL. 1.PiperamalagoL.,Sp.Pl.29.1753. Distribution: Mostlyfoundinsecondaryforestunderstory.AdrianRuins(A725)Maho Bay (A2106) Salt Pond (GTP29326). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola Mexico, CentralAmerica,GreaterAntilles,LesserAntillesandSouthAmerica. Commonname:blackwattle.

67.PLANTAGINACEAE
_______________________________________ (Plantain Family)

1.PLANTAGOL. 1.PlantagomajorL.,Sp.Pl.112.1753. Distribution: VeryuncommononSt.John,foundinwetmoistareas.RoadtoBordeaux Mt.(W471).AlsoonSt.CroixandTortolaacosmopolitanweed.

68.PLUMBAGINACEAE

483
_______________________________________ (LeadwortFamily) 1.PLUMBAGOL. 1.PlumbagoscandensL.,Sp.Pl.ed.2,1:215.1762. Distribution: A common roadside weed. Road to Bordeaux (A1893) Maria Bluff (A627).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolacommonthroughouttropicalAmerica.

484
Commonnames:blisterleaf,guinealeaf.

69.POLYGONACEAE
_______________________________________ (Seagrape Family) Keytothegenera 1.Tendrilledvinesflowersbisexual,thetepalsshowy,petallike,pink.Antigonon 1. Trees or shrubs flowers functionally unisexual, the tepals minute, not brightly colored Coccoloba 1.ANTIGONONEndl. 1.AntigononleptopusHook.&Arn.,Bot. BeecheyVoy.308,t.69.1838. Distribution: This aggressive ornamental has naturalized and is common in a few localities, where it has become a pest. Hansen Bay (A1811). Native to Mexico and Central AmericabutnowwidespreadthroughouttheCaribbeanregion. Commonnames:coralvine,Mexicancreeper,coralita.

2.COCCOLOBAL. Keytothespecies 1.Leaves reniform,rounded,orobovate,almostasbroadasorbroaderthanlongpedicels22.5 mmfruitinverselypearshapedtoobovoid,1.42cmlong.C.uvifera 1.Leaves variouslyshaped,distinctlylongerthanbroad pedicels to2mmlongorwantingfruit ellipsoid,ovoidorovoidtrigonous,410mmlong. 2.Leaves25.5cmlong. 3.Leavesovate(sometimesnearlyelliptic),cordateatbase,withentiremarginstertiary veins inconspicuous,slightlyprominent,finelyreticulate,theloopsnearlyrounded tosquare,0.20.4mmwide.C.krugii 3.Leaves elliptic,oblongorseldomovatelanceolate,obtuse,roundedorrarelycordate at base, with crenate, revolute margins tertiary veins conspicuous, prominent, coarselyreticulate,theloopsnearlyrectangular,1.32mmlong.C.microstachya 2.Leavesmorethan6cmlong. 4. Leaves elliptic to oblanceolate, 8.521 cm long, the upper surface with sunken secondaryveins,thebasetaperingtoobtuseorslightlycordatelobesfruitca.4.5 mmlong,ovoidtrigonous,surroundedbyaccrescentperianthlobes.C.venosa 4. Leaves elliptic, ovate, 610(14.5) cm long, the upper surface flattened over the secondaryveins,thebaseobtusetorounded,slightlyunequalfruit810mmlong, ovoid, surrounded completely by the hypanthium, the tepals minute, forming a crownatapex C.swartzii 1.Coccolobakrugii Lindau,Bot.Jahrb.Syst.13:145.1890. Distribution: A common shrub of coastal scrub and dry forests. MariaBluff(A1984, A2329).AlsoonAnegadatheBahamas,andtheGreaterandLesserAntilles.

485
2.Coccolobamicrostachya Willd.,Sp.Pl.2:459.1799. Distribution: A common shrub or small tree of coastal scrub and dry forests. Monte (A2377)ReefBay(M17072).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.ThomasandVirginGorda PuertoRico(includingMona,CulebraandVieques)andHispaniola. 3.Coccolobaswartzii Meisn.inA.DC.,Prodr.14:159.1856. Distribution: Occasional tree of coastal and seasonal dry forests. Caneel Bay trail (A4118)HawksnestBeach(A3187)RamHeadtrail(W208).Alsoon St.Croix,St.Thomasand VirginGordatheGreaterandLesserAntilles,CentralAmericaandnorthernSouthAmerica. 4.Coccolobauvifera (L.)L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1007.1759. Distribution: A common tree of coastal fronts and sandy beaches, also inland in dry forests.ChocolateHole(A786) Susannaberg(A4156).AlsoonallotherVirginIslandsapan Caribbeanspecies. Commonname:seagrape. 5.Coccolobavenosa L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1007.1759. Distribution: Acommontreeofdrytomoistforests.RoadtoBordeaux(A1918)Center Line Road (A2075). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola Hispaniola, PuertoRico(includingVieques),theLesserAntilles,Trinidad,TobagoandVenezuela. Commonnames:cherrygrape,chiggerygrape,triblegrape.

70.PORTULACACEAE
_______________________________________ (Purslane Family) Keytothegenera 1. Prostrate, decumbent or erect herbs flowers solitary or fascicled capsule circumscissile Portulaca 1.Erectherborsubshrubinflorescenceracemoseorpaniculatecapsuleloculicidal Talinum 1.PORTULACAL. Keytothespecies 1.Stemsslender,filiformleavesopposite.P.quadrifida 1.Stemssucculentleavesalternate. 2.Leavesobovatestipulesglabrousorwithfewhairs.P.oleracea 2. Leaves linear or oblonglinear, cylindrical or flattened stipules densely hairy . P. rubricaulis 1.Portulacaoleracea L.,Sp.Pl.445.1753. Distribution: Acommonweedofopenareas,suchasroadsidesandsandycoasts.Road to Lameshur (A2791) Waterlemon Bay (A1937). Also on all of the Virgin Islands a cosmopolitanweed. Commonnames:jumpupankissme,purslane.

486
2.Portulacaquadrifida L.,Mant.Pl.1:73.1767. Distribution: Anoccasionalherbofopencoastalandmarshyareas.TrailtoFortsberg (A4089)JohnsFolly(A3938).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughout theGreaterandLesserAntillesandSouthAmerica. 3.PortulacarubricaulisKunth inHumb., Bonpl.&Kunth,Nov.Gen.Sp.6:73. 1823. Distribution: An occasional herb of open coastal and waterlogged areas. Trail to Fortsberg(A4078) HermitageRuins (A2427) LindPt.(A2694)AlsoonSt.Croixthroughout theGreaterandLesserAntillesandMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica.

2.TALINUMAdans.,nom.cons. Keytothespecies 1.Inflorescenceapaniclepetals3.55mmlong T.paniculatum 1.Inflorescenceracemosepetals610mmlong T.fruticosum 1.Talinumfruticosum (L.)Juss.,Gen.Pl.312.1789. Distribution: A common plant of open disturbed areas, very often along roadsides. Lameshur (A2749) Mary Point (A2527). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas throughout the GreaterandLesserAntilles,Mexico,CentralandSouthAmerica. 2.Talinumpaniculatum (Jacq.)Gaertn.,Fruct.Sem.Pl.2:219.1791. Distribution: An occasional shrub of rocky,openareas.EastEnd(B1204) Lameshur (W851). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas throughout the Greater and Lesser Antilles, the UnitedStates,Mexico,CentralandSouthAmerica.

71.RHAMNACEAE
_______________________________________ (Buckthorn Family) Keytothegenera 1.Fruitsdehiscent(splittinginto3mericarps)leavesalternate. 2.Woodyvines,climbingbytendrilsfruita3wingedschizocarp,splittinginto3indehiscent mericarps Gouania 2. Shrubs or small trees fruit a depressedglobose septicidal capsule, splitting into 3, dehiscentpyrenelikemericarps.Colubrina 1. Fruits indehiscent, with a slightly fleshy exocarp when fresh, but drying crustaceous leaves oppositeornearlyso. 3.Fruit1.51.7cmlong,turningblackishatmaturitypetalspresent Reynosia 3.Fruit57mmlong,turningpurplishredatmaturitypetalswanting.Krugiodendron

1.COLUBRINABrongn.,nom.cons. Keytothespecies

487
1. Leaves mostly 6.515 cm long, the blades with scattered submarginal glandular spots twigs denselytomentosewhenyoung C.arborescens 1.Leaves mostly3.57.5cmlong,theblades with1or2pairsofmarginalglandsatbasetwigs ferruginouspubescenttosparselytomentosewhenyoung C.elliptica 1.Colubrinaarborescens(Miller)Sarg.,Trees&Shrubs 2:167.1911. Distribution: A common coastal tree, found mostly in sandy soils. Haulover Pt. (A4225). Also on Anegada, Buck Island, Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Virgin GordathroughouttheWestIndies,southernFlorida,southernMexicoandCentralAmerica. 2.Colubrinaelliptica (Sw.)Briz.&W.Stern,Trop.Woods109:95.1958. Distribution: Acommonshrubofmoisttodryforestorcoastalscrub.RoadtoBordeaux (A3863)Lameshur(B518).AlsoonAnegada,JostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortolaand VirginGordathroughouttheWestIndies,southernFloridaandcentralMexicotoVenezuela. Commonnames:maubi,snakeroot.

2.GOUANIAJacq. Apantropicalgenusofabout50species. 1.Gouanialupuloides(L.)Urb.,Symb.Antill.4:378.1910. Distribution: Acommonvineofopendisturbedareas,suchasroadsidesandsecondary forests. Bethany (B327) Susannaberg (A3812). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola throughouttheWestIndies,southernFlorida,southernMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica. 3.KRUGIODENDRONUrb. 1.Krugiodendronferreum (Vahl)Urb.,Symb.Antill.3:314.1902. Distribution: A common tree of coastal dry forests and middle elevation moist forests. Little Lameshur Bay (A2024) Maria Bluff (A2332). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordathroughouttheWestIndies,southernFlorida,southernMexico toHonduras. Commonnames:ebony,guatafer,ironwood.

4.REYNOSIAGriseb. 1.Reynosiaguama Urb.,Symb.Antill.1:356.1899. Distribution: An occasional tree of coastal dry forests at middle elevation and moist forests.BordeauxMt.(A5121)CruzBay(A2937)WhiteCliffs(A2031).AlsoonGuanaIsland, JostvanDyke,St.ThomasandVirginGordaPuertoRico. Cultivated species: Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. is known from a few cultivated trees growinginfrontyards.

72.RHIZOPHORACEAE
_______________________________________

488
(RedMangrove Family) 1.RHIZOPHORAL. 1.RhizophoramangleL.,Sp.Pl.443:1753. Distribution: A common species of mangrove swamps, along protectedshallowcoasts. Probably on all Virgin Islands common throughout tropical, subtropical America and West Africa. Common names:mangelboom,redmangrove.

73.ROSACEAE
_______________________________________ (Rose Family) 1.PRUNUSL. 1.Prunuspleuradenia Griseb.,Fl.Brit.W.I.231.1860. Distribution: Known only from a single, sterile collection (A4703) from Bordeaux Mountain,inhumidremnantforest.Thevegetativecharactersofthisspecimenagreewiththoseof Prunus pleuradenia. See Howard (1988) for a discussion of the correct name of this species, whichhealsoconsideredasendemictotheLesserAntilles.

74.RUBIACEAE
_______________________________________ (Coffee Family) ReviewedbyC.M.Taylor Keytothegenera 1.Herbs,onlywoodyatbase. 2.Creeping,spreadingherb,rootingatnodesfruitafleshydrupe,brightred Geophila 2.Erect ordecumbent herbs,manybranchedfromanearlywoodybase fruit adrycapsule separatingintotwomericarps. 3.Mericarp(oneorboth)splittingfulllength Spermacoce 3.Mericarpsindehiscentordehiscentonlyatbase.Diodia 1.Shrubs,treesorlianas. 4.Twininglianaorscandentshrub Chiococca 4.Erectorarchingshrubsortrees. 5.Fruitadrycapsuleorschizocarp. 6.Flowers5merous,solitaryinleafaxilscorolla69cmlong,thelobeslinearor oblong.Exostema 6.Flowers 4merous,inaxillaryorterminalcymescorollalessthan1.3cmlong, thelobesrounded. 7. Plants bearing numerous, short, lateral branches and pairs of decussate, ascending spines at nodes leaves less than 1.2 cm long calyx lobes oblong, 1.82.6 long corolla ca. 3 mm long, cream or white, villous within.Machaonia

489
7. Plants unarmed leaves 48 cm long calyx lobes filiform, 78 mm long corolla10.513mmlong,pink,withanannularthickeningat thethroat Rondeletia 5.Fruitafleshyorleatherydrupeoraberry. 8.Plantsarmedwithtwoormorespinesonshortaxillarybranches. 9.Leaves 47mmlong,coriaceousflower4merouscorollareddishbrown, with yellowish lobes fruit fleshy, ellipsoid, ca. 7 mm long, white Scolosanthus 9. Leaves 13 cm long, chartaceous flowers 5merous corolla white fruit leathery to crustaceous,globosetoovoid,11.2cmdiam.,turningfrom greentowhite(blackwhendried) Randia 8.Plantsunarmed. 10.Fruitslongerthan4cm. 11.Fruitscompound,fleshy,white,ovoid,potatoshaped,withnumerouseyes(scars where the corollas were attached) inflorescence a congested head corolla to 1 cmlong Morinda 11. Fruit simple, coriaceous, brown, globose to nearly ellipsoid, smooth inflorescence a fewflowered cyme, or the flowers solitary corolla 2.22.6 cm long Genipa 10.Fruitsshorterthan2.5cmlong. 12.Flowers4merous. 13.Shrubsinflorescencelongracemose,archedtowardtheapexcalyxcrowned bylanceolatesepalsfruitswhite,bluishorlavender Gonzalagunia 13. Shrubs or small trees inflorescence cymose calyx truncate at apex fruits black. 14.Cymessessileto2cmlong,theaxesreddishcorollatubereddish,<5mm long,thelobesoblong,roundedatapex Ixora 14.Cymes510cmlong,theaxesgreencorollatubewhite,ca.712mmlong, thelobeslanceolate,acuminateatapex.Faramea 12.Flowers5(6)merous. 15.Hypanthium,calyxandcorollayellowinflorescenceaxesbrightorangetored .Palicourea 15. Hypanthium and or calyx green corolla white, sometimes greenish or pinkish tinged inflorescenceaxesgreen,orsometimespinkishtinged. 16.Corollapinkishtingedbarksmooth,peelingoffinlargeirregularplates.Guettarda 16.Corollawhite,orsometimesgreenishtingedbarksmoothorrough,butnotpeelingoff inplates. 17.Flowerssessileornearlysoand axillary.Coffea 17.Flowersinlong branchedracemes,corymbsorpanicles. 18.Trees810mtallfruitnarrowlyellipsoid,green..Chione 18.Shrubs13mtallfruitsglobose,oblateorobovoid,red,blackorwhite. 19.Corollabellortrumpetshaped,34mmlong,thelobes23mmlongfruit globoseorbilobed,brightred,2seeded.Psychotria 19. Corolla funnelshaped, 710 mm long, the tube 12 mm long fruit depressedglobose, globose or ovoid, white or black, 810seeded . . . Erithalis

490

1.CHIOCOCCAP.Browne 1.Chiococcaalba (L.)Hitchc.,Rep.MissouriBot.Gard.4:94.1893. Distribution: Acommonclimberofopendisturbed,moistenvironments,alsoinmature secondary forests. Bordeaux (A1914) Rosenberg (B322). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and VirginGordathroughouttheWestIndies,Florida,andfromMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica.

2.CHIONEDC. 1.Chionevenosa (Sw.)Urb.,Symb.Antill.4:594.1911. Distribution: A rare tree of moist forests. Bordeaux Mt. (A4700). Also on Tortola Hispaniola,PuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles.

3.COFFEAL. 1.Coffeaarabica L.,Sp.Pl.172.1753. Distribution: Persistent aftercultivationinmoistsecondaryforest.GutfromBordeaux toReefBay(A5277).FormerlycultivatedonmostoftheVirginIslandswidelycultivatedthrough thetropics. Commonname:coffee.

4.DIODIAL. 1.Diodiaocymifolia (Willd.)Bremekamp,Rec.Trav.Bot. Neerl.31:305.1934. Distribution: An uncommon weed of open disturbed areas, especially along roadsides. RoadtoBordeaux(A3182,A3826).ThroughouttropicalAmerica,introducedintotheOldWorld tropics.

5.ERITHALISP.Browne 1.Erithalisfruticosa L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:930.1759. Distribution: Acommonshrubofsandycoastalthicketsandforests.HawksnestBeach (A2904)ReefBay(A3988)SouthsidePond(A1812).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Florida, Mexico (Yucatn), Belize, widespread throughout the West Indies.

6.EXOSTEMARich.exHumb.&Bonpl. 1.Exostemacaribaeum (Jacq.)Roemer& Schult.,Syst.Veg.5:18.1819. Distribution: Acommonshrubofcoastalthicketsanddryforests.TrailtoBrownBay (A1878) FishBay(A3911)MargaretHill(A2308).AlsoonSt.CroixandTortolawidespread throughouttheWestIndies,theFloridaKeys,andMexicotoCostaRica.

491
Commonnames:blacktorch,yellowtorch.

7.FARAMEAAubl. 1.Farameaoccidentalis(L.)A.Rich.,Mm.Rubiac.96. 1830. Distribution: A common shrub of secondary moist forests. Bordeaux (A3840) Cinnamon Bay (M17015). Also on St. Thomas and Tortola widespread throughout the West Indies,andMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica. Commonname:wildcoffee.

8.GENIPAL. 1.Genipaamericana L.,Sp.Pl.ed.2,1:251.1762. Distribution: An occasional tree of secondary moist forests. Battery Gut (A4164) Cinnamon Bay trail (A4232). Also on St. Thomas widespread throughout the West Indies, CentralandSouthAmerica.

9.GEOPHILAD.Don 1.Geophilarepens(L.)I.M.Johnston,Sargentia8:281.1949. Distribution: A rare herb of shaded, moistforest.TrailtoReefBay(A2672,A2927). AlsoonSt.ThomaswidespreadthroughouttheWestIndies,andMexicotoSouthAmerica.

10.GONZALAGUNIARuz&Pavn 1.Gonzalaguniahirsuta (Jacq.)Schum.in Mart.,Fl.Bras.6(6):291.1889. Distribution: A common shrub of open, disturbed, moist areas. Road to Bordeaux (A2950) Maria Bluff (A610). Also on St. Thomas and Tortola Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, the LesserAntilles,Trinidad,Venezuela,theGuianasandBrazil.

11.GUETTARDAL. Keytothespecies 1. Leaves 1.55 cm long, membranous to chartaceous, puberulent along veins in lower surface, smooth on upper surface flowers in groups of 2 or 3 on pedunculate inflorescences G. odorata 1. Leaves 3.515 cm long, rigidly coriaceous, densely pubescent on lower surface, scabrous (rough)onuppersurfaceflowersinlongpeduncledcymoseinflorescences G.scabra

492
1.Guettardaodorata (Jacq.)Lam.,Tabl.Encycl.2:219.1819. Distribution: Acommonshrubofdryforestandwoodlands.CruzBayQuarteratLind Pt.(A2698) MahoBayQuarteralongroadtoAnnaberg(A1927) ReefBayQuarteronwestern slopes ofFishBay(A3906).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirgin GordaPuertoRico,theLesserAntilles,CentralAmericaandVenezuela. Common name:blackberry. 2.Guettardascabra (L.)Vent.,ChoixPl.t.1.1803. Distribution: Acommonshrubofdrytomoistforestsandcoastalwoodlands.Bordeaux (A4676)CinnamonBay(M17025)Susannaberg(A698).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola andVirginGordathroughouttheWestIndies,Florida,CentralAmerica,VenezuelaandTrinidad. Commonname:greenheart.

12.IXORAL. 1.Ixoraferrea (Jacq.)Benth.,Linnaea23:447.1850. Distribution: A common shrub of moist secondary forests. Coral Bay Quarter at Bordeaux (A4056, A4708). Also on St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda Cuba, Hispaniola, PuertoRico,theLesserAntillesandnorthernVenezuela.

13.MACHAONIAHumb.&Bonpl. 1.Machaoniawoodburyana Acev.Rodr., Brittonia45:136.1993. Distribution: Arareshrubofwoodlandsandcoastalthickets.MinnaHill(A4235)Cob Gut(A3207)trailtoSouthsidePond(A2661).EndemictoSt.John.

14.MORINDAL. 1.Morindacitrifolia L.,Sp.Pl.176.1753. Distribution: A native of Asia and Australia. Becoming increasingly common on St. John, particularly along sandybeaches andindisturbedcoastalareas.ChocolateHole(A1843) Cinnamon Bay (A622). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas widely distributed throughout the Caribbean. Commonnames:headachetree,monkeyapple,painindebackbush,painkiller,starvation fruit.

15.PALICOUREAAubl. 1.PalicoureacroceoidesHam.,Prodr.Pl.Ind.Occid.29.1825. Distribution: An occasional shrub of open disturbed moist areas, or early secondary moistforests.BordeauxMt.(A2609,A2947).AlsoonSt.CroixandTortolathroughouttropical America. Commonname:yellowcedar.

493

16.PSYCHOTRIAL.,nom.cons. Keytothespecies 1.Scandentshrub P.microdon 1.Erectshrubs. 2.Fruitsblackorpurplewhenmatureleaveswithoutpockets(domatia)inaxilsofmidveins P.domingensis 2.Fruitsorangetoredwhenmatureleaveswithpockets(domatia)inaxilsofmidveins. 3.Leaveslongacuminateatapexcalyxtruncateorwavyatapex.P.nervosa 3.Leavesacuteorshortlyacuminateatapexcalyx5lobed(lobes0.30.4mmlong) P. brownei 1.Psychotriabrownei Spreng.,Syst.Veg.1:742.1825. Distribution: Anunderstoryshrubofmoisttodryforests.RoadtoBordeaux(A2886) Susannaberg(A4697).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.ThomasandTortolaPuertoRicoandCuba. 2.PsychotriadomingensisJacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.16.1760. Distribution: Anoccasionalshrubofopen,disturbed,moistareasorinmoistsecondary forests. Adrian Ruins (A2461) Bordeaux Mt. (A2103). Also on St. Croix and St. Thomas Jamaica,Hispaniola,PuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles. 3.Psychotriamicrodon (DC.)Urb.,Symb. Antill.9:539. 1928. Distribution: An occasional shrub of open, disturbed, moist areas. Adrian Ruins (A2395) roadtoBordeaux(A2876).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, the Lesser Antilles and northern South America, and along the PacificcoasttoPeru. 4.Psychotrianervosa Sw.,Prodr.43.1788. Distribution: Acommonunderstoryshrubofsecondaryforests.TrailtoMargaretHill (A2307)Susannaberg(A695).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaGreater Antilles,LesserAntilles,CentralAmericatonorthernSouthAmerica.

17.RANDIAL. 1.Randiaaculeata L.,Sp.Pl.1192.1753. Distribution: Acommonshrubofscrubanddryforests.HansenBay(A1803)Solomon Bay (A2282) White Cliff (A2712). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas and Virgin GordaGreaterAntilles,LesserAntilles,CentralAmericatonorthernSouthAmerica. Commonnames:Christmastree,inkberry.

18.RONDELETIAL. 1.Rondeletiapilosa Sw.,Prodr.41.1788.

494
Distribution: Acommonshrubofscrubanddryforests.AlongCobGut(A3208)Maria Bluff (A592) Hawksnest (A2271). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola and Virgin Gorda PuertoRico.

19.SCOLOSANTHUSVahl 1.ScolosanthusversicolorVahl,Eclog.Amer.1:11.1796 [1797]. Distribution: Anoccasionalshrubofcoastalscrub.CruzBayQuarteralongCenterLine Road(A3982)ReefBayQuarteronsouthernslopesofFishBay(A3115).AlsoonGuanaIsland, St.Croix,St.ThomasandVirginGorda(fideBritton,1925)PuertoRico,includingVieques.

20.SPERMACOCEL. Keytothespecies 1.Stemsridged,nearly4angledseedsfoveolate,nottransverselyfurrowed. 2. Leaves to 2 cm long, elliptic, oblongelliptic to obovate capsules 0.71 mm long both mericarpsdehiscent.S.prostrata 2. Leaves 1.57 cm long, elliptic to lanceolate capsules 22.5 mm long only one mericarp dehiscent S.confusa 1.Stemsnotridged,nearlycylindricalseedstransverselyfurrowed S.assurgens 1.SpermacoceassurgensRuz&Pavn,Fl.Peruv.1:60, t.92b.1794. Distribution: Acommonweedofopendisturbedareas,especiallyalongroadsides.Coral Bay Quarter along road to Bordeaux(A3827) CruzBayQuarteralongtrailtoSieben(A2074). AlsoonSt.CroixandTortolathroughouttropicalAmerica,introducedandnaturalizedintropical AfricaandAsia. 2.Spermacoceconfusa Rendle,J.Bot.74:12.1936. Distribution: A common weed of open disturbed areas, especially along roadsides and sandy coasts. Johnson Bay (A3155) along road to Bordeaux (A3847) Fish Bay Gut (A3876). AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalAmerica. 3.Spermacoceprostrata Aubl.,Hist.Pl.Guiane1:58, t.20,f.3.1775. Distribution: Acommonweedofopendisturbed,moistareas.CoralBayQuarteralong road to Bordeaux (A3180) Cruz Bay Quarter along trail to Sieben (A2062). Also on Tortola throughouttropicalAmericaandAsia.

75.RUTACEAE
_______________________________________ (Orange Family) Keytothegenera 1.Fruit fleshy(hesperidium),nearlyglobose,2.54.5cmlong,turningyellowat maturityleaves unifoliolatepetiolewinged.Citrus

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1.Fruitcapsular,fleshy,oranaggregateoffollicles,lessthan1cmlong,turningbrown,purplish black, black or red at maturity leaves unifoliolate, or with 3 to many leaflets petioles not winged. 2.Leavestrifoliolate(atleastsomeoftheleaves). 3.Plantusuallylessthan12(3)mtall,armedwithstipularspinesfruitsjuicyberries, ellipsoid,brightredwhenmature Triphasia 3.Plants28mtall,unarmedfruitsdrupesorcapsules. 4.Fruitscapsularleafletselliptic,roundedandusuallyretuseatapex.Pilocarpus 4. Fruits fleshy drupes, nearly globose, purplish to black when mature leaflets rhombic,ovatetolanceolate Amyris 2.Leavesunifoliolateorwith521leaflets. 5.Plantspiny,speciallythestems[fruitofaggregatedehiscentfollicles] Zanthoxylum 5.Plantunarmed. 6.Leafletswithentiremarginsfruitaberrywithmucilaginouspulp Murraya 6.Leafletswithcrenatemarginsfruitofaggregatedehiscentfollicles .Zanthoxylum (inpart) 1.AMYRISP.Browne Keytothespecies 1. Twigs, petioles and inflorescence axes puberulent leaflets rhombic to nearly ovate, with conspicuous punctations, the apex obtuse or rarely shortly acuminate, the venation conspicuouslylightercoloronuppersurface,themarginsrevolute A.diatrypa 1.Twigs,petioles,inflorescenceandleavesglabrousleafletsovatelanceolate,thepunctationsvery ofteninconspicuous,theapexlongacuminate,thevenationusuallyofsamecolorastheblade, themarginsnotrevolute A.elemifera 1.Amyrisdiatrypa Spreng.,NeueEntdeck.Pflanzenk.3: 48.1822. Distribution: A common shrub of dryforests andscrub.CobGut(A4234) trailfrom Bordeaux to Lameshur (A3864). Also on Anegada, Jost van Dyke and St. Thomas Hispaniola andprobablyPuertoRico. 2.Amyriselemifera L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1000.1759. Distribution: Acommonshrubofdryforestsandscrub.CobGut(A4233)MariaBluff (4707) New Found Bay (A4256). Also on Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. Thomas and Virgin GordathroughouttheWestIndiesandTrinidad. Commonnames:candlewood,flamboyant,torchwood.

2.CITRUSL. 1.Citrusaurantifolia (Christm.)Swingle,J.Wash.Acad. Sci.3:465.1913. Distribution: Persistent after cultivation. Emmaus (A2007) Reef Bay (A5251). PreviouslycultivatedonotherVirginIslandsandthroughouttheNeotropics. Commonnames:lime,limebush.

3.MURRAYAL.,nom.cons.

496

1.Murrayaexotica L.,Mant.Pl.2:563.1771. Distribution: Persistent after cultivation. Adrian ruins (A4009). Probably native to China,cultivatedonSt.Croix,St.Thomasandthroughoutthetropics,sometimesnaturalized. Commonname:St.Patrickbush.

4.PILOCARPUSVahl 1.PilocarpusracemosusVahl,Eclog.Amer.1:29.1797. Distribution: Uncommon, known on St. John fromonlytwocollections.Eggers (s.n.) alongBatteryGut(W357).AlsothroughouttheGreaterAntilles(exceptJamaica),LesserAntilles andinVenezuela.

5.TRIPHASIALour. 1.Triphasiatrifolia (Burm.f.)P.Wilson,Torreya9:53.1909. Distribution: Naturalized after cultivation, a common understory shrub of coastal dry forests and open coastal areas. Sieben (A2060) Reef Bay (A2723). Native of the East Indies, cultivatedandnaturalizedonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandthroughouttheCaribbean. Commonname: sweetlime.

6.ZANTHOXYLUML. Keytothespecies 1.Leavesunifoliolate.Z.monophyllum 1.Leavespinnatelycompound. 2.Plantnotarmedwithpricklesorspinesplantstellatepubescent Z.flavum 2.Plantsarmedwithpricklesandorspinespubescenceofsimplehairs,papillateorglabrous. 3.Leavesto8cmlongleaflets59,ellipticovateorobovate,rigidlycoriaceous,1.43.2 cmlong,themargins entireorcrenate,sometimeswithspinesonlowersurfaceof midvein.Z.thomasianum 3.Leavesto35cmlongleaflets1521,oblongtooblongelliptic,chartaceous,510cm long,marginscrenatetoentire,thebladeswithoutspines Z.martinicense 1.Zanthoxylumflavum Vahl,Eclog.Amer.3:48.1807. Distribution: A rare tree, known only from a single individual on Ajax Peak (A5284). Probably once common on St. John but extirpated due to timber exploitation. Also found in Florida,throughouttheWestIndiesandnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonnames:satinwood,yellowsandalwood. 2.Zanthoxylummartinicense(Lam.)DC., Prodr.1:726. 1824. Distribution: Acommontreeofmoistforests.RoadtoBordeaux(A1920)Adrianruins (A2510). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Tortola the Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles and northernSouthAmerica.

497
3.Zanthoxylummonophyllum (Lam.)P. Wilson,Bull. TorreyBot.Club37: 86. 1910. Distribution: Acommontreeofdryforests.Carolina(A4673)Lameshur(A2744)Pen Pt.(A2012).AlsoonJostvanDykeandSt.ThomasPuertoRico,Hispaniola,theLesserAntilles, CentralAmerica,andnorthernSouthAmerica. Commonname:yellowprickle. 3.Zanthoxylumthomasianum (Krug&Urb.)P.Wilson,N.Amer.Fl.25:182. 1911. Distribution: A rare, endangered shrub of dry forests and scrub. Cob Gut (A3206) Lameshur(B520)GiftHill(A2940).AlsoonSt.ThomasandPuertoRico. Commonname:St.Thomasbush,St.Thomaspricklyash.

76.SAPINDACEAE
_______________________________________ (Soapberry Family) Keytothegenera 1.Tendrilledvinesorlianas. 2. Liana to 10 m long, producing milky latex cross section of stem with 810, smaller, vascularcylinders,surroundingalargeronefruitof3,wingedmericarps Serjania 2. Herbaceous vines, 12 m long, without milky latex cross section of stem with a single vascularcylinderfruitaninflated,membranouscapsule.Cardiospermum 1.Treesorshrubs. 3.Leavestrifoliolate Allophylus 3.Leavespinnate,with29leaflets. 4.Leafletsusuallywithserratemarginsfruita3locularcapsuleseedscoveredwitha fleshycoat.Cupania 4.Leafletswithentiremarginsfruita12loculardrupeorberry. 5. Fruit subglobose or ellipsoid, longer than 2 cm, green seeds withatan,juicy, edibleseedcoat.Melicoccus 5. Fruit spherical, 1 cm long or less, dark red, purplish or black seed without a fleshycoat.Exothea

1.ALLOPHYLUSL. 1.AllophylusracemosusSw.,Prodr.62.1788. Distribution: An occasional tree of lowland moist forests. Road to Bordeaux (A935, A5117) Maho Bay (A1847). Also on St. Croix Greater Antilles (except Jamaica), Lesser AntillesandfromCentralAmericatonorthernSouthAmerica.

2.CARDIOSPERMUML. Keytothespecies 1.Plantherbaceousleafletsdeeplylobedordissectedcapsulesglobosetotrigonoustopshaped. C.halicacabum

498
1.Plantslightlywoodyleafletssinuatedentatecapsulesellipsoidtonearlyglobose.C.corindum 1.Cardiospermum corindum L.,Sp.Pl.ed.2,1:526.1762. Distribution: In open, disturbed areas. Coral Bay (A1844) Chocolate Hole Bay (A2345) Fish Bay (A4154). Also on St. Croix, St. Thomas and Little St. James weedy throughoutthetropics. Commonname:ballonvine. 2.Cardiospermumhalicacabum L.,Sp.Pl.366.1753. Distribution: Disturbed areas, mostly along roadsides. Fish Bay (A2501) trail to Mennebeck Bay (A2429) Monte (A2474). Also on St.CroixandSt.Thomaselsewhereinthe tropicsandsubtropicsasaweedcultivatedasanornamentalintemperateareas. Commonname: ballonvine.

3.CUPANIAL. 1.Cupania triquetra A.Rich.inSagra,Hist.Fis.Cuba,Bot.119.1845. Distribution: Occasional in moist forests. Adrian ruins (A4031) Cinnamon Bay (A2093)Rosenberg(B310).AlsoonSt.ThomasHispaniola,PuertoRicoandLesserAntilles.

4.EXOTHEAMacfad. 1.Exotheapaniculata (Juss.)Radlk.inDurand,IndexGen.Phan.81.1888. Distribution: Occasional in moist forest. Maho Bay Quarter along Center Line Road nearintersectionwithRoad20(A3992).AlsoinFlorida,theWestIndies,Guatemala,Belizeand Colombia.

5.MELICOCCUSP.Browne 1.MelicoccusbijugatusJacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.19.1760. Distribution: Widespread throughout the island in moist to semidry areas, especially along roads. Adrian Ruins (A728, A1858). AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas and VirginGordanativetonorthernSouthAmerica,butcommonlyplantedandnaturalizedthroughout CentralAmerica,theWestIndies.ApparentlyintroducedonSt.Johninthe18thcentury. Commonnames:genip,kenep,keneppytree,quenepa.

6.SERJANIAMiller 1.Serjania polyphylla (L.)Radlk.,Monogr.Serjania179. 1875. Distribution: A common liana of open disturbed areas in moist to dry environments. CruzBayQuarternearLindPt.(A2313)EastEndQuarterbySouthsidePond(A1828).Alsoon Anegada,St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaHispaniolaandPuertoRico,includingVieques. Commonnames:basket wiss,basket wood,blackwist,cabriterotting,whiteroot,white wist.

499

77.SAPOTACEAE
_______________________________________ (SapodillaFamily) Keytothegenera 1.Calyxof2whorlsof3sepals,theouterwhorlvalvate Manilkara 1.Calyxofasinglewhorlof46imbricatesepals. 2.Corollalobesdividedinto3segments.Sideroxylon 2.Corollalobessimple. 3.Fruitsgreenorpurplishleaveselliptic,310.5cmlong Chrysophyllum 3.Fruitsyellowleaveselliptictooblanceolate,2.55cmlong Pouteria

1.CHRYSOPHYLLUML. Keytothespecies 1.Leavesoblonglanceolate,greenunderneathfruitnarrowlyovoid(11.5cmlong),aslongasthe subtendingpeduncle C.pauciflorum 1.Leaveselliptic,rustybrownunderneath(denselysericeous)fruitellipsoidtodepressedglobose (37cmlong),muchlongerthanthesubtendingpeduncle. 2.Fruitdepressedglobose,46cmdiam..(cultivated)C.cainito 2.Fruitnearlyellipsoid,ca.1cmdiam C.bicolor 1.ChrysophyllumbicolorPoir.,Encycl.Suppl.2:15.1811. Distribution: Rare, known from only a few individuals in moist secondary forests. AdrianRuins(A2028,A2900)Sieben(A2080).AlsoinPuertoRicoandHispaniola. 2.Chrysophyllumpauciflorum Lam.,Tabl.Encycl.2:44.1794. Distribution: A common tree of moist and dry forests. Center Line Road (A2393) Sieben(A2067).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasPuertoRico,includingViequesIsland. Commonname:palmet. Cultivatedspecies: ChrysophyllumcainitoL.isoccasionallycultivatedonSt.Johnand otherVirginIslands.

2.MANILKARAAdans.,nom.cons. Keytothespecies 1. Flowers 212 in axillary fascicles pedicels glabrous fruits 1(2)seeded, ellipsoid to nearly globose,1.53cmlong M.bidentata 1. Flowers solitary pedicels pubescent fruits manyseeded, ovoid to depressedglobose, 34 cm long.(cultivated)M.zapota 1.Manilkarabidentata (A.DC.)A.Chev.,Rev.Int.BotAppl.Agric.Trop.12:270. 1932.

500
Distribution: An occasional tree of moist forests. Bordeaux (A2102, B574). Also on TortolatheWestIndies,PanamatonorthernSouthAmerica. Commonname:bullet. Cultivated species: Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen, the edible sapote is occasionally cultivated. 3.POUTERIAAubl. 1.Pouteriamultiflora (A.DC.)Eyma,RecueilTrav.Bot. Nerl.33:164.1936. Distribution:Anoccasionaltreeofmoistforests.Bordeaux(A2126).AlsoonJamaica, PuertoRico,theLesserAntilles,PanamatonorthernVenezuelaandPeru. Commonname:canistel.

4.SIDEROXYLONL. Keytothe species 1.Oftenspinyshruborsmalltreeleavesobovate,oblanceolateorspatulate,0.74.5cmlong S. obovatum 1. Unarmed trees leaves narrowly elliptic, elliptic, oblongelliptic or ellipticlanceolate, 4.514.5 cmlong. 2. Leaves 1.54 cm wide fruit 610 mm long, ellipsoid to subglobose, reddish brown S. salicifolium 2. Leaves 3.37.7 cm wide fruit 1.52.6 cm long, ellipsoid to narrowly ovoid, yellow S. foetidissimum 1.Sideroxylonfoetidissimum Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.15.1760. Distribution:Anoccasionaltreeofmoistforests.CoralBayQuarteralongCenterLine Road (A2114). Also on St. Croix and Tortola throughout the West Indies, Florida, Mexico, GuatemalaandBelize. Commonnames:bully,bullymastic. 2.Sideroxylonobovatum Lam.,Tabl.Encycl.2:42.1794. Distribution:Acommonshrubofdryforestsandscrublands.MariaBluff(A2338)East End Pt. (A3792) Lameshur (B526). Also on Anegada, Jost van Dyke, St. Croix St. Thomas, TortolaandVirginGordaHispaniola,PuertoRico(includingVieques)andtheLesserAntilles. 3.Sideroxylonsalicifolium (L.)Lam.,Tabl.Encycl.2:42.1794. Distribution: A common tree of dry to moist forests. Cinnamon Bay (A2919) Hawksnest(A2668) Susannaberg(A5264).AlsoonSt.CroixSt.ThomasandTortolaFlorida, WestIndiesandCentralAmerica.

78.SCROPHULARIACEAE
________________________________________________

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(FigwortFamily) Keytothegenera 1.Plantsherbaceous,prostrate,matforming,withcreepingstemsrootingatnodes Bacopa 1.Plantswoody,atleastatbase,witherectstems. 2.Leavesoppositecorolla3.54mmlong,4merous,thetubewithlong,ascendinghairsat base Scoparia 2.Leavesalternatecorolla69mmlong,5merous,thetubeglabrouswithin Capraria 1.BACOPAAubl.,nom.cons. 1.Bacopa monnieri (L.)Pennell,Proc.Acad.Nat.Sci.Philadelphia98:94.1946. Distribution:Anoccasionalherbofsandy,salineorseasonallyflooded,openareas.Trail toFortsberg(A4083)HansenBay(A3780)WaterlemonBay(A1935).AlsoonSt.Croix,St. ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalAmerica.

2.CAPRARIAL. 1.Capraria biflora L.,Sp.Pl.628.1753. Distribution:Acommonplantofopendisturbedareas,especiallyalongsandybeaches. CenterLineroad(A633)WaterlemonBay(A1936).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.Thomas throughouttropicalAmerica. Commonnames:goatweed,kabritarotin.

3.SCOPARIAL. 1.ScopariadulcisL.,Sp.Pl.116.1753. Distribution:Acommonweedofopen,disturbedareas,especiallyalongroadsidesand alongtrails.Bordeaux(A3824)Fortsberg(A2424).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortola apantropicalweed. Commonname:teethbush.

79.SIMAROUBACEAE
_______________________________________ (QuassiaFamily) Keytothegenera 1.Petiolesandleafrachiswingedcorollared(cultivated)Quassia 1.PetiolesandleafrachisnotwingedcorollayellowishgreenPicrasma

1.PICRASMABlume 1.Picrasmaexcelsa (Sw.)Planch.,LondonJ.Bot.5:574.1846.

600
Distribution:Anoccasionaltreeofmoistforests.RoadtoBordeaux(A4262),ReefBay trail(A4124)MahoBay(A5266).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaJamaica, Hispaniola,PuertoRico,theLesserAntillesandnorthernVenezuela. Commonname:bitterash. Cultivatedspecies: CollectionsofQuassiaamaraL.fromSt.Johnhavebeenmadefrom afewindividualsincultivation.

80.SOLANACEAE
_______________________________________ (Tomato Family) Keytothegenera 1.Corollafunnelortrumpetshaped,withanarrowelongatetube. 2.Corolla713cmlongfruitsspiny.Datura 2.Corolla<6cmlongfruitssmooth. 3.Corolla11.2cmlongfruitafleshy,oblongellipsoid,blackberry to1.5cmlong Cestrum 3.Corolla4.56cmlongfruitadry,ovoid,orangeyellowcapsuleto2cmlong Brunfelsia 1.Corollabell,saucer,orbroadlyfunnelshaped,nottubular. 4.Fruitafleshy,nakedberry(notcoveredbyaninflatedcalyx). 5.Anthersopeningbyterminalpores.Solanum 5.Anthersopeningbylongitudinalslits Capsicum 4.Fruitenvelopedbyanaccrescent,membranous,inflatedcalyx..Physalis

1.BRUNFELSIAL. 1.Brunfelsiaamericana L.,Sp.Pl.191.1753. Distribution:Acommonshrubofdryforests,scrubvegetationandoccasionallyinopen, disturbedareas.Lameshur(A2742)ThreadneedlePt.(A4129)WhiteCliff(A2715).AlsoonSt. Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaHispaniola,PuertoRico,andtheLesserAntilles. Commonname:raintree.

2.CAPSICUML. 1.CapsicumfrutescensL.,Sp.Pl.189.1753. Distribution:Acommonroadsideweed. CenterLineroad(A2122)Ajax(A2653).Also onSt.CroixandSt.ThomasPuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles. Commonname:wildpepper.

3.CESTRUML. 1.Cestrumlaurifolium L'Hr.,Stirp.Nov.4:69,t.34.1788.

601
Distribution:Acommonshrubofmoistareas,especiallyalongshadedroadsides.Road toBordeaux(A3137)CenterLineroad(A2391).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortolaand VirginGordaGreaterandLesserAntilles.

4.DATURAL. Keytothespecies 1.Plantpiloseleavesdeeplysinuateorwithroundedlobescalyxnearlytubular,notangled capsuleswithreflexedpeduncle D.inoxia 1.Plantglabrousorpuberulentleaveslobedtodeeplytoothed,theteethirregular,acuminate calyxtubular,5angled,theanglesnarrowlykeeledcapsuleserect D.stramonium 1.Daturainoxia Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8.1768. Distribution:Commoninrecentlydisturbedareassuchasroadsidesandwasteground. Emmaus(A1991)GreatCruzBay(A2362).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortola southeasternUnitedStatestoSouthAmerica,includingtheWestIndies,introducedthroughoutthe tropics. Commonname:pricklybur.

2.Daturastramonium L.,Sp.Pl.179.1753. Distribution:Anoccasionalherbofopendisturbedareas.Susannaberg(A4114).Also onSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordanativetoMexicobutwidespreadasaweed throughouttheworld. Commonnames:deadlynightshade,jimsonweed,stinkingbush,thornapple.

5.PHYSALISL. Keytothespecies 1.Fruiting calyx10angledsepalstriangulartotriangularovate P.angulata 1.Fruitingcalyx5angledsepalslanceolatetosubulate. 2.Plantglandularpubescentfruitingcalyxwithovoidoutline,22.7cmlong.P.turbinata 2.Plantsparselypubescent(notglandular),withminuteappressedhairsfruitingcalyxwith elongate,coneshapedoutline,44.5cmlong P.cordata 1.Physalisangulata L.,Sp.Pl.183.1753. Distribution:Acommonroadsideweed,alsofoundinopendisturbedareas.CruzBay (A3076)Lameshur(A3212)JohnsFolly(A3937).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas, TortolaandVirginGordawidespreadthroughouttemperateandtropicalareasoftheworld. Commonname:groundcherry. 2.Physaliscordata Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8.1768. Distribution:Anoccasionalroadsideweed.Bethany(B328)Mandal(A2585). WidespreadthroughouttropicalAmerica. 3.Physalisturbinata Medik.,Hist.&Commentat.Acad.Elect.Sci.Theod.Palat.4:189.1780.

602
Distribution:Anoccasionalroadsideweedofmoistareas.RoadtoBordeaux(A2851, A3136).WidespreadthroughouttropicalAmerica.

6.SOLANUML. Keytothespecies 1.Plantsunarmed. 2.Plantsherbaceous. 3.Vine25mlongleavessimpleanddissectedfruitsredwhenmature (cultivated)S.seaforthianum 3.Erectherb3080cmtallleavessimpleandentiretosinuatefruitspurplishblack whenmature S.americanum 2.Plantsshrubs. 4.Youngpartscoveredwithappressed,multicellularhairsleavesglabrous,3.57cm longfruitovoidconical,23cmlong.S.conocarpum 4.Plantstellatepubescentorpiloseleavesstellatepubescentunderneath,3.520cm long. 5.Upperleafsurfacewithsimplehairs(sparselystrigose).S.mucronatum 5.Upperleafsurfacewithstellatehairs. 6.Lowerleafsurfacewhitish,denselystellatetomentose S.erianthum 6.Lowerleafsurfacegreenish,sparselycoveredwith stellatehairs .S.racemosum 1.Plantsarmed. 7.Scandentshrubsorscramblinglianas S.lancifolium 7.Erectshrubs. 8.Leavesdeeplysinuateorlobed,4.511cmwidefruitsyellowwhenmature.S. torvum 8.Leavesentireornearlyso,15.6cmwidefruitorangeorredwhenmature. 9.Fruitdepressedglobose,puberulent,orangewhenmature,1.52cmwide,with accrescentcalyxatbaseflowersstaminateandbisexual .S.polygamum 9.Fruitglobose,glabrous,redwhenmature,68mmwide,thecalyxnot accrescentflowersbisexual.S.racemosum 1.Solanumamericanum Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8.1768. Distribution:Acommonroadsideweedofmoistareas.RoadtoBordeaux(A3140) Concordia(A4254)trailtoSieben(A2058).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirgin Gordawidespreadasaweedthroughoutthetropics. 2.Solanumconocarpum Dunal inPoir.,Encycl. Suppl.3: 748.1813. Distribution:Arare,endangeredspecies,knownonlyfromafewoldcollectionsandfrom tworecentcollections.ThespeciesisknownonSt.Johnfromonlyasinglelivingplant,fromdry, deciduousforest.CoralBay(thetypecollectedbyL.C.Richard)northofWhiteCliffs(A2710, A5437). PossiblyonSt.Thomas(accordingtoKrebs,1847)andonVirginGorda(sterile specimen,Little23836,maybelongthisspecies). Commonname:marronbacora(asgivenbyDunalinoriginaldescriptionofthespecies).

603
3.Solanumerianthum D.Don,Fl.Nepal.96.1825. Distribution:Anoccasionalshrubofopendisturbedareas.Ajax(A2121)Susannaberg (A706).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolanativetotheOldWorldtropics,now widespread throughouttropicalAmerica. Commonnames:turkeyberry,wildtobacco. 4.Solanumlancifolium Jacq.,Collectanea2:286.1788[1789]. Distribution:Acommonlianaofopendisturbedareas,suchasroadsides.Bordeaux (A2848)CenterLineroad(A2417).AlsoonSt.Thomas(accordingtoKrebs,1847)andTortola GreaterAntilles(exceptJamaica),LesserAntillesandMexicotoSouthAmerica. 5.Solanummucronatum O.E.SchulzinUrb.,Symb.Antill.6:191.1909. Distribution:Perhapsextinct.CollectedoncebyRaunkir(no.1927)inMarch1906at DentHillinCoralBay.AlsolatercollectedonceonSt.ThomasandonceonPuertoRico. 6.Solanumpolygamum Vahl,Symb.Bot.3:39.1794. Distribution:Acommonshrubofdryforestsandopendisturbedareas.CoralBay (A2689)Susannaberg(A4155).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda Hispaniola,PuertoRico,includingVieques. Commonnames:kackalakeberry,kakalaka,kakkerlakka. 7.Solanumracemosum Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl. 15.1760. Distribution: Acommonshrubofscrub,dryforestsandopendisturbedareas.Emmaus (A1995)ChocolateHole(A1976)EastEnd(A1833).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas, TortolaandVirginGordaPuertoRicoincludingCulebra,Icacos,Vieques,andtheLesser Antilles. Commonname:cankerberry. 8.Solanumtorvum Sw.,Prodr.47.1788. Distribution:Acommonshrubofopendisturbedareas.Emmaus(A3215)roadto Bordeaux(A5090).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordanativeoftropical Americabutnownaturalizedthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:platebush,shooshoobush,turkeyberry. Cultivatedspecies: SolanumseaforthianumAndr.wasreportedforSt.JohnbyBrittonand Wilson(1925),andbyWoodburyandWeaver(1987),apparentlyfromacultivatedplant.

81.STERCULIACEAE
_______________________________________ (Cacao Family) ByLaurenceJ.Dorr Keytothegenera 1.Androgynophore 6cmlongfruitspirallytwisted Helicteres 1.Androgynophoreabsentor11.5mmlongfruitnotspirallytwisted. 2.Staminodes5petalshooded,eachwithaterminalorsubterminalappendage,deciduous.

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3.Shrubsorsubshrubsandrogynophore11.5mmlongpetalsadnatetotheapexofthe staminaltubestamens5,eachwithasingle3locularanther.Ayenia 3.Trees(rarelyshrubs)androgynophoreabsentpetalsfreestamens10or15,arranged in5groups,eachgroupwithtwoorthree2locularanthers. 4.Calyxof(2)3sepalspetallimbprolongedapicallyintoastrapshaped,deeply bifidappendageflowersonaxillaryinflorescencesfruitsindehiscentorpartly dehiscentcapsules,1.22.53cmlong,muricate.Guazuma 4.Calyxof5sepalspetallimbprolongedapicallyintoanattenuatespatulate, entireappendageflowersborneonthetrunk(cauliflorous)andolder branchesfruitsindehiscent,fleshy(drupelike)berries,greaterthan10cm long,smoothtorugose Theobroma 2.Staminodesabsent(orobsolete)petalsflattenedthroughout,nothooded,notappendaged, witheringandpersistinginfruit. 5.Corollayellowtoyelloworangeovary1carpellate,style1,stigmaplumose,brush likefruita2valvedfollicle,1seeded..Waltheria 5.Corollapink,lavender,mauve,roseorwhitewithdarkredveinsovary5carpellate, styles5,stigmatasubulatefruitacapsule,510seeded.Melochia

1.AYENIAL. 1.Ayeniainsulicola Cristbal,OperaLilloana4:164.1960. Distribution: Shadedbanksandoldcultivatedgrounds.SouthSidePond(A4071)trail fromLameshurtoReefBayRuins(A5442).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirgin GordaBahamas,Hispaniola,PuertoRicoandtheLesserAntilles.

2.GUAZUMAMiller 1.Guazumaulmifolia Lam.,Encycl.3:52. 1789. Distribution: Acommontreeofdisturbed sitessuchasroadsides,pastures,and secondaryvegetation.CenterLineroad(A4050)CoralBay(P29325).AlsoonSt.Croix,St. ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalandsubtropicalAmerica,includingtheWestIndies (excepttheBahamas)introduced intheOldWorld(Asia,Africa,andHawaii). Commonnames:bastardcedar,jackasscalalu,jackocalalu,jacocalalu,WestIndianelm.

3.HELICTERESL. 1.HelicteresjamaicensisJacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl.30.1760. Distribution: Acommonshrubofcoastalthicketsandwoodlands.NannyPoint(A2457). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaendemictotheWestIndiesfromthe Bahamas,GreaterAntillesandGrandCaymanIslandeasttoSt.Martin. Commonnames:catsballs,cowbush.

4.MELOCHIAL.

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Keytothespecies 1.Fruitdepressedglobose,notprolongedintoabeak,notwingedpetalspinktowhitewithdark redveins M.nodiflora 1.Fruitpyramidal,prolongedintoabeak,5wingedpetalspink,lavender,mauve,rose,rose purpletoviolet,rarelywhite. 2.Inflorescencesmostlyaxillaryleavesdenselystellatetomentosetocanescentatleast beneathcapsulesshortlybeaked M.tomentosa 2.Inflorescencesmostlyleafopposedleavessparselypubescentwithsimpleandbifurcated hairsatleastbeneathcapsuleslongbeaked. M.pyramidata 1.Melochianodiflora Sw.,Prodr.97.1788. Distribution: Acommonweedofroadsides,pastures,andwasteplaces.TrailtoCaneel Hill(A2301)ReefBay(A2643).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolatheWestIndies, MexicoandCentralAmericasouthtonorthernandeasternBrazil. 2.Melochiapyramidata L.,Sp.Pl.674.1753. Distribution: Aweedalongroads,inpastures,andinopenplaces.CruzBay(A2323) ChristoftheCaribbean(A2849).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas(Britton&Wilson,1924 "accordingtoWestandtoKrebs")andTortolaTexas,Florida,theWestIndies,Mexico,Central America,tonorthernArgentina,naturalizedelsewhereintropicalandsubtropicalareas. 3.Melochiatomentosa L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1140.1759. Distribution: Commonweedofopendisturbedareassuchasroadsides.Lameshur (A2760)CoralBay(A2445).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortolaand VirginGorda (Britton&Wilson,1924)Florida,Texas,WestIndies,Mexico,CentralAmericatoBrazil. Commonnames:broomweed,broomwood.

5.THEOBROMAL. 1.TheobromacacaoL.,Sp.Pl.782.1753. Distribution: Uncommon,naturalizedinCinnamonBay,areaalongtrailsouthofruins (A4153).AlsoonSt.Croix(Eggers,1879Little&Wadsworth,1964)andTortola(D'Arcy, 1967)nativeofCentralandSouthAmerica,widely cultivatedinthetropics. Commonnames:cacao,cocoatree,chocolatetree.

6.WALTHERIAL. 1.Waltheriaindica L.,Sp.Pl.673.1753. Distribution: A commonweedofopenplacesandwasteareas.FishBay(A2479)East End(A2782).AlsoonAnegada(Britton&Wilson,1924D'Arcy,1971),St.Croix,St.Thomas, Tortola(D'Arcy,1967)andVirginGorda(Britton&Wilson,1924)apantropicalweed,nativeto theNewWorldwhereitoccursfromFloridaandtheWestIndiessouththroughcontinentaltropical AmericaintroducedandnaturalizedintheOldWorld. Commonname:marshmallow.

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82.SURIANACEAE
_______________________________________ (SurianaFamily)

1.SURIANAL. 1.Surianamaritima L.,Sp.Pl.284.1753. Distribution:Acommonshrubofsandycoasts.EuropaBay(A746)HartBay(A809). AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.ThomasandVirginGordathroughoutcoastaltropicaland subtropicalAmerica,Madagascar,Polynesia,NewGuineaandAustralia. Commonname:baycedar.

83.SYMPLOCACEAE
_______________________________________ (SymplocosFamily) 1.SYMPLOCOSJacq. 1.SymplocosmartinicensisJacq.,Enum.Syst. Pl.24.1760. Distribution:Anoccasionaltreeofmoistforests.BordeauxMt.(A4693,A5107,W457). Also onSt.ThomasandTortolaPuertoRico,theLesserAntillesandFrenchGuiana.

84.THEACEAE
_______________________________________ (TeaFamily)

1.TERNSTROEMIAL.f. Atropicalgenusofabout100species. 1.TernstroemiapeduncularisDC.,Mm.Soc.Phys.Genve1:409.1822. Distribution:Anoccasionaltreeofmoistforests.BordeauxMt.(A1917,A5106).Also onSt.CroixCuba,Hispaniola,PuertoRicoand theLesserAntilles.

85.THEOPHRASTACEAE
_______________________________________ (TheophrastaFamily) 1.JACQUINIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Racemesmuchshorterthanthesubtendingleavespedicelsreflexedleaves24.5cmlong, slightlyrevolute.J.berterii

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1.Racemesmuchlongerthanthesubtendingleavespedicelsascendingleaves410cmlong, stronglyrevolute.J.arborea 1.Jacquiniaarborea Vahl,Eclog.1:26.1796. J Distribution:Acommonshrubofcoastalscrubanddryforests,usuallyalongsandy beaches.HawksnestBeach(A3186)ReefBay(A3987).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaPuertoRico,Jamaica,HispaniolaandtheLesserAntilles. 2.Jacquiniaberterii Spreng.,Syst.Veg.1:668.1825. Distribution:Acommonshrubofcoastalscrub,dryforests,andsandybeaches.Europa Bay(A748)MariaBluff(A2335)WhiteCliffs(A2717).AlsoonJostVanDykeandSt. ThomasPuertoRico,Bahamas,Cuba,HispaniolaandtheLesserAntilles.

86.THYMELAEACEAE
_______________________________________ (ThymelaeaFamily) 1.DAPHNOPSISMart. 1.Daphnopsisamericana (Miller)J.Johnst.subsp.caribaea (Griseb.)Nevl.,Ann. MissouriBot.Gard.46:315. 1959. Distribution:Acommonshrubofdrytomoistforests.CenterLineRoad(A2487) CinnamonBay(M17006).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.CroixandSt.ThomasPuertoRico, CentralAmericatonorthernSouthAmericaandtheLesserAntilles.

87.TILIACEAE
_______________________________________ (Linden Family) ByLaurenceJ.Dorr

Keytothegenera 1.Fruitloculicidallydehiscent,unarmed,ellipsoidtolinearcylindricleavesnotlobed. Corchorus 1.Fruitindehiscent(ortardilysplitting),armedwithhookedspines,subgloboseleavesoften palmately3to5lobed.Triumfetta

1.CORCHORUSL. Keytothespecies 1.Leafbladeswiththe2basalteethprolongedintosetaceoushairsstipulesconspicuous,linear lanceolate,5mmormorelong.C.aestuans 1.Leafbladeswithouthairlikeprolongationsattheirbasestipulesinconspicuous,linearto subulate,lessthan5mmlong.

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2.Capsule4locular,11.5cmlong,oblongellipsoid,denselytomentose,withashort,erect beakstemsdenselystellatepubescent.C.hirsutus 2.Capsule2locular,(3.5)58cmlong,linear,pubescentorglabrate,with2shortbifidteeth stemswithlinesofshorthairs C.siliquosus 1.CorchorusaestuansL.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1079.1759. Distribution: Occasionalweedofopen,disturbedareas.LindPointResearchStation (A2297)MahoBay(A1942)GreatLameshurBay(A2564).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomasand TortolatropicsandsubtropicsfromtheGulfCoasttotheAmazon,andintheOldWorld. 2.CorchorushirsutusL.,Sp.Pl.530.1753. Distribution:Commononbeachesandinopenareasinwelldrainedsandyorrockysoils. EastEnd(A673)CoralBay(A2580)DittlifPoint(A3962).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St. ThomasandTortolaMexicotonorthernSouthAmericaincludingtheWestIndies,andAfrica. Commonname:jackswitch. 3.CorchorussiliquosusL.,Sp.Pl.529.1753. Distribution:Aweedofcultivatedandotherdisturbedareas.FishBaynearmouthof FishBayGut(A3877)trailtoSeiben(A2641)hillsideaboveCinnamonBay(M17007).Alsoon St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaoccurringalmostthroughouttropicalAmerica. Commonname:broomweed.

2.TRIUMFETTAL. Keytothespecies 1.Petals,androgynophore,glands,anddiskabsentfruit(excludingspines)conspicuouslystellate pubescent.T.lappula 1.Petals,androgynophore,glands,anddiskpresentfruit(excludingspines)glabrousorminutely puberulent.T.semitriloba 1.Triumfettalappula L.,Sp.Pl.444.1753. Distribution: Aweedofwasteplacesandthickets.TrailtoReefBay(A2724).Alsoon St.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolacommonthroughouttropicalAmericaandalsoreportedfrom theCapeVerdeIslandsandMauritius. Commonname: maho. 2.Triumfettasemitriloba Jacq.,Enum.Syst.Pl. 22.1760. Distribution: Aweedindisturbedareas.CruzBay(A2396)L'Esperance(A2560) alongroadtoBordeaux(A3125).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolanativetotropical America,reportedlynaturalizedinAfricaandthePacific. Commonname: burbark.

88.TURNERACEAE
_______________________________________ (TurneraFamily)

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1.TURNERAMart. Keytothespecies 1.Erectorspreadingshrubleaves0.41.0cmlong,notglandularpetals46mmlong T.diffusa 1.Erectshrubleaves610cmlong,glandularatthejunctionbetweenthebladeandthepetiole petals23cmlong T.ulmifolia 1.Turneradiffusa Willd.inSchult.,Syst.Veg.6:679.1820. Distribution:Acommonsubshrubofscrubandopendryareas.DittlifPt.(A3979) MariaBluff(A2334).AlsoonLittleSt.James,St.Croix,St.ThomasandVirginGorda Bahamas,theGreaterAntillesandcontinentaltropicalAmerica. Commonname: oldwomanbroom. 2.Turneraulmifolia L.,Sp.Pl.271.1753. Distribution:Anoccasionalshrubofopen,disturbedareas,especiallyalongroads. Emmaus(A2828)FishBay(A3900).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandVirginGorda throughouttropicalAmerica,naturalizedthroughoutthetropics.

89.ULMACEAE
_______________________________________ (Elm Family) Keytothegenera 1.Drupes610mmlongleavespuberulent,smoothonuppersurface,themarginsentire,crenate orcoarselyserrate(34teeth/cm)abovethebase.Celtis 1.Drupesto3mmlongleavesweaklyscabrousonuppersurface,themarginsfinelyserrate(78 teeth/cm)frombasetoapex.Trema

1.CELTISL. Keytothespecies 1.Scandentshruborliana,withapairofaxillary,recurvedorstraightspinesleavesentire, crenateorremotelyserrate C.iguanaea 1.Smalltree,unarmedleavescoarselyserrate C.trinervia 1.Celtisiguanaea (Jacq.)Sarg.,Silva7:64.1895. Distribution:Acommonwoodyvineofscrubanddrycoastalforests.CinnamonBay (A5150)GreatCruzBay(A2361)Lameshur(A3237).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomasand TortolatheGreaterandLesserAntillesandcontinentaltropicalAmerica. Commonnames: catclaw,cockspur. 2.Celtistrinervia Lam.,Encycl.4:140.1797. Distribution:Araretreeofmoisttodryforests.Bordeaux(W833).AlsoonSt.Croix, St.ThomasandTortolatheGreaterAntilles.

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2.TREMALour. 1.Tremamicranthum (L.)Blume,Mus.Bot.LugdunoBatavum2:58.1856. Distribution:Acommontreeofmoisttodryforests.RoadtoBordeaux(A2100)Maria Bluff(A619)Susannaberg(A3841).AlsoonJostvanDyke,St.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortolaand VirginGordathroughouttropicalandsubtropicalAmerica.

90.URTICACEAE
_______________________________________ (Nettle Family) Keytothegenera 1.Leavesalternate.Laportea 1.Leavesopposite Pilea

1.LAPORTEAGaudich. 1.Laporteaaestuans(L.)Chew,Gard.Bull.StraitsSettlem.21:200.1965. Distribution:Occasionalinopendisturbedareas.Bethany(B258)Susannaberg (A3807).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalandsubtropical America.

2.PILEALindl. Keytothespecies 1.Leaves<1cmlong,1nerved,withentiremargins. 2.Plants1540cmtallstemsfleshy,dryingdarkcolored,showingnumerouscystolithswhen dried P.microphylla 2.Plants515cmtallstemsslender,slightlytranslucent,usually withafewreddishspots whendried P.tenerrima 1.Leaves>1cmlong(atleastsomeofthem),3nervedfrombase,withtoothedmargins. 3.Plantscreeping,rootingatnodesleaves0.82.5cmlongovatetoorbicular.P. nummulariifolia 3.Planterectleaves510cmlong,ovate,oblongorelliptic P.sanctaecrucis 1.Pileamicrophylla (L.)Liebm.,Kongel.DanskeVidensk.Selsk.Skr.5(2):296. 1851. Distribution:Acommonherbofmoistshadedopenhabitats. EastEnd(A1837) Susannaberg(A2132)WaterlemonBay(A2524).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomasand TortolathroughouttropicalandsubtropicalAmerica. Commonname: artilleryplant. 2.Pileanummulariifolia (Sw.)Wedd.,Ann.Sci.Nat.Bot.III,18:225.1852. Distribution:Anoccasionalherbofmoist,shadedhabitats.Adrianruins(W865).Also onSt.CroixandSt.ThomasthroughouttheWestIndies.

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3.PileasanctaecrucisLiebm.,Kongel.DanskeVidensk. Selsk.Skr.5(2:)301. 1851. Distribution:Acommonherbinmoistforestunderstory,growingongroundorrocks. Bordeaux(A1884,A5069).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaPuertoRico(accordingto Urban,1905). 4.Pileatenerrima Miquel,Linnaea26:219.1854. Distribution:Anoccasionalherbofmoist,shaded,openhabitats.CoralBay(A2583) EastEnd(A3782).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolaFlorida,GreaterAntilles,theBahamasand SouthAmerica.

91.VERBENACEAE
_______________________________________ (VerbenaFamily) Keytothegenera 1.Plantsherbaceous,sometimeswoodyatbase,usuallylessthan60cmtall. 2.Flowerssessile,arrangedinelongatespikesfertilestamens2 Stachytarpheta 2.Flowersshorttolongpedicellate,arrangedinracemesfertilestamens4. 3.Racemesdenselyfloweredfruitingcalyxstrawcolored,tubulartonarrowlybell shapedwithsetaceouslobes,puberulent,notcompletelyenclosingthefruit. Bouchea 3.Racemeslooselyfloweredfruitingcalyxgreen,ovoid,withshortobtuselobes, coveredwithuncinatehairs,completelyenclosingthefruit Priva 1.Plantswoody,trees,shrubsorvines. 4.Woodyvinesorscandentshrubs. 5.Scandentorleaningshrubs,to3mlong,bearing23spinesinthenodesfruiting calyxnotwinged. Clerodendrum 5.Twining,woodyvineto10mlong,unarmedfruitingcalyxwithelongate,winglike, spreadinglobes.(cultivated)Petrea 4.Treesorshrubs. 6.Plantwithaxillaryspinesfruitingcalyxovoid,narrowedtowardapex,yelloworange, fleshy,enclosingthefruit.Duranta 6.Plantsunarmedorifarmedthespinesscatteredalongthestemfruitingcalyxgreen, notenclosingthefruit. 7.Shrubswithstronglyaromaticfoliage.Lantana 7.Smalltomediumsized,nonaromatictrees. 8.Leavestrifoliolate(seldomunifoliolate)corollalightviolettobluish.Vitex 8.Leavessimplecorollawhite. 9.Treesofbrackishhabitats,producingnumerouserect pneumatophoresfruitelliptic,ovatetooblong,leathery, compressed,green .Avicennia 9.Treesofdryinlandhabitats,withoutpneumatophoresfruitsellipsoid toovoid,fleshy,orangetopurpleatmaturity Citharexylum

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1.AVICENNIAL. 1.Avicenniagerminans(L.)L.,Sp.Pl.ed.3,1:891.1764. Distribution: Acommonspeciesoftheinlandsideofbrackishmangrove swamps. Lameshur(A5136)probablyonallVirginIslandscommonthroughouttheCaribbean,Florida, MexicotonorthernSouthAmerica. Commonname: blackmangrove.

2.BOUCHEACham. 1.Boucheaprismatica (L.)Kuntze,Revis.Gen.Pl.2:502.1891. Distribution: Acommonweedofopen,disturbedareas. Lameshur(A2576,A2789).AlsoonSt.CroixcommonthroughouttheWestIndies,Mexico, CentralAmericaandVenezuela.

3.CITHAREXYLUML. 1.Citharexylumfruticosum L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1115. 1759. Distribution: Acommontreeorshrubofdrytomoistforests.CenterLineroad(A3814) Emmaus(A2005)SouthsidePond(A1839).AlsoonAnegada,JostvanDyke,St.Croix,St. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordacommonthroughouttheWestIndiesandnorthernSouth America. Commonnames: fiddlewood,oldwomanbitter,susannaleche.

4.CLERODENDRUML. 1.Clerodendrumaculeatum (L.)Schltdtl., Linnaea6:750.1831. Distribution: Acommonshrubofdryanddisturbedhabitats.EastEnd(A5140) Emmaus(A1994)WaterlemonBay(1934).AlsoonAnegada,JostvanDyke,St.Croix,St. ThomasandTortolathroughouttheWestIndiesandinVenezuela. Commonname: chucchuc.

5.DURANTAL. 1.Durantaerecta L.,Sp.Pl.637.1753. Distribution: Anoccasionalshrubofdryanddisturbedhabitats.BrownBay(A1880). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandVirginGordathroughouttropicalandsubtropicalAmerica.

6.LANTANAL. Keytothespecies 1.Corollaslavendertopalepinkplantunarmedleavescrenate.L.involucrata

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1.Corollasorangeoryellowstemssometimeswithrecurvedpricklesleavesserrate. 2.Leavessparselypubescentbeneath,thehairscoarse,andbentatbase L.camara 2.Leavesdenselypubescentbeneath,thehairsslender,straight L.urticifolia 1.Lantanacamara L.,Sp.Pl.627.1753. Distribution: Acommonshrubofdryanddisturbedhabitats.Emmaus(A2826)Nanny Pt.(A2456)Susannaberg(A3385).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaapparentlynative totheGreaterAntilles,introducedandnaturalizedthroughoutthetropicsandsubtropicsofthe world. Commonnames:redsage,wildsage,yellowsage. 2.Lantanainvolucrata L.,Cent.Pl.2:22. 1756. Distribution: Acommonshrubofdryanddisturbedhabitats.Emmaus(A2827) HurricaneHole(A2425)Susannaberg(A5087).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomasand TortolathroughouttheWestIndies,FloridaandfromMexicotonorthernSouthAmerica. Commonname: sage. 3.Lantanaurticifolia Miller,Gard.Dict.ed.8.1768. Distribution: Anoccasionalshrubofdryanddisturbedhabitats.Lameshur(A2741) Rosenberg(B255).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolathroughouttheWestIndiesandfromMexico southtoArgentina.

7.PRIVAAdans. 1.Privalappulacea (L.)Pers.,Syn.Pl.2:139.1806. Distribution: Anoccasionalherbofdisturbedhabitats.CoralBayalongCenterLine road(A3994)GreatCruzBay(A2359)Lameshur(B507).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.Thomas nativetotropicalandsubtropicalAmerica,introducedandnaturalizedintotheOldWorld.

8.STACHYTARPHETAVahl Keytothespecies 1.Plantandinflorescenceessentiallyglabrousorwithafewscatteredslenderhairs,especiallyat nodes.S.jamaicensis 1.Plantandinflorescencepilosetostrigose S.strigosa 1.Stachytarphetajamaicensis(L.)Vahl, Enum.Pl.1:206.1804. Distribution: Acommonherbofdisturbed,openhabitats.Emmaus(A2579)Lameshur (A2739)LindPt.(A2955).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolasouthernUnitedStatesto northernSouthAmericaincludingtheWestIndies,introducedandnaturalizedinothertropical regions. Commonname: verbain. 2.Stachytarphetastrigosa Vahl,Enum.Pl.1:207.1804. Distribution: Anoccasionalherbofrecentlydisturbed,openareas.Lameshur(B505). AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolaHispaniolaandPuerto Rico.

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9.VITEXL. 1.Vitexdivaricata Sw.,Prodr.93.1788. Distribution: Anoccasionaltreeofmoistforests.Bordeaux(A2846).AlsoonSt. ThomasandTortolaCuba,Hispaniola,PuertoRico,LesserAntilles,TrinidadandVenezuela. Cultivatedspecies: PetreavolubilisL.hasbeencollectedfromaplantpersistingafter cultivation.

92.VITACEAE
_______________________________________ (Grape Family) Keytothegenera 1.Inflorescencesascendingandspreading,aswideorwiderthanlongplantsfleshy,softstemmed flowers4merous,withpetalsspreadingatanthesis.Cissus 1.Inflorescenceshanging,muchlongerthanwidestemsbecomingwoodywithageflowers5 merous,withpetalsapicallycoherent,fallingoffasaunitatanthesis Vitis

1.CISSUSL. Keytothespecies 1.Leavessimple.C.verticillata 1.Leavestrifoliolate. 2.Leafletscrenatetoscatteredserrate abovethemiddlesepalsandpetalsred..C.obovata 2.Leafletsdeeplyserrateabovethemiddlesepalsandpetalsyellowishgreen.C.trifoliata 1.Cissusobovata Vahl,Symb.Bot.3:19.1794. Distribution: Anoccasionallianaofmoisttodryareas.CamelbergPeak(W293).Also onSt.CroixandSt.ThomasHispaniola,PuertoRicoandthenorthernLesserAntilles. 2.Cissustrifoliata (L.)L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,897.1759. Distribution: Acommonweedofopendisturbed,dryhabitats.GreatLameshurBay (A5446)LindPt.(A2693)NannyPt.(A2015).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasBahamas, Cuba,HispaniolaandPuertoRico. Commonname: sorrelvine. 3.Cissusverticillata (L.)Nicolson&Jarvis,Taxon33:727.1984. Distribution: Acommonweedofopendisturbed,drytomoisthabitats.CenterLineroad (A2420)Emmaus(A2820)Susannaberg(A2088).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortola southernUnitedStatestonorthernSouthAmerica,includingtheWestIndies. Commonname: puddingvine.

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2.VITISL. 1.Vitistiliifolia Roem.&Schult.,Syst.Veg.5:320.1819. Distribution: Anuncommonlianaofwetandseepageareas.BayGut(A2128)ReefBay Gut(W831).AlsoonSt.Croix(accordingtoBritton,1924)MexicotonorthernSouthAmerica, includingtheWestIndies. Commonname: wildgrape.

93.ZYGOPHYLLACEAE
_______________________________________ (LignumVitae Family) Keytothegenera 1.Treespetalsbluefruitflattened,cordate.Guaiacum 1.Prostrateordecumbentherbspetalsyellowfruitconical,of812mericarps Kallstroemia

1.GUAIACUML. 1.GuaiacumofficinaleL.,Sp.Pl.381.1753. Distribution: Anoccasionaltreeofdrycoastalforests,sometimesplantedinparksand gardens.CruzBay(A2906).AlsoonAnegada,St.CroixandSt.ThomasthroughouttheWest Indies,ColombiaandVenezuela. Commonnames: lignumvitae,likiwiki,pockenholt.

2.KALLSTROEMIAScop. Keytothespecies 1.Ovaryandfruitsglabrous.K.maxima 1.Ovaryandfruitsstrigillose(appressedpubescent) K.pubescens 1.Kallstroemiamaxima (L.)Torr.&A.Gray,Bot.BeecheyVoy.282.1838. Distribution: Acommonroadsideweedofopen,disturbed,dryareas.Enighed(A4270) LindPt.(A3162).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaTexastonorthernSouthAmerica includingtheWestIndies. Commonnames: centipederoot,longlo. 2.Kallstroemiapubescens(Don)Dandy in Keay,KewBull.10: 138.1955. Distribution: Acommonroadsideweedofopen,disturbed,dryareas.FishBay(A2814, A2381).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaFlorida,MexicotonorthernSouthAmerica includingtheWestIndies.

CultivatedFamilies: ThefamiliesBixaceae andPunicaceae arerepresentedonSt.Johnbyafew cultivatedindividualsofBixaorellanaL.and PunicagranatumL.,respectively.AsfarasIam aware,thesespeciesarenotnaturalizedontheisland.

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MONOCOTYLEDONS
=================================== KeytotheFamilies 1.Plantsaquaticormarine,submersedorfloating. 2.Plantsfloatinginfreshtobrackishwaters. 3.Plantwithnumerousleavesinarosetteatbase,312cmlong..Araceae(Pistia) 3.Plantsplatelike,12.5mmlong Lemnaceae 2.Plantssubmersedinmarineorbrackishenvironment. 4.Leavesstrapshaped,412mmwide.Hydrocharitaceae 4.Leaveslinearorcylindrical,to2mmwide. 5.Leaveslinear,withaconspicuousmidvein,narrowlyacuminateatapex. Potamogetonaceae 5.Leavescylindrical,withoutmidvein,truncatetoconcaveattheexpandedapex (inours) .Cymodoceaceae 1.Plantsterrestrialorepiphytic. 6.Plantswoody,withasingletrunkandacrownoflarge(>75cmlong)leaves(palmlike). Arecaceae 6.Plantsherbaceousorwoodystemshortandcoveredbyabasalrosetteofleaves,orthestem elongateandbranched,withleavesscatteredalongthestem. 7.Leavesinarosetteorrosulateatbase. 8.Leaveschartaceoustorigidcoriaceous Bromeliaceae 8.Leavesfleshy,thickened. 9.Leaves3060cmlong,withagelatinouscore,notfibrousscapesto1mtall. Asphodelaceae 9.Leaves90275cmlong,withafibrouscorescapes57mtall.Agavaceae(Agave) 7.Leavesalternate,opposite orspirallyarranged. 10.Plantwithadefinitewoodystemleavesspinytippedatapex.Agavaceae(Yucca) 10.Plantherbaceousleavesnotspinyatapex. 11.Plantsclimbing(vines). 12.Plantmonoecious,climbingaidedbyadventitiousrootsleaveswithastout midveinandsecondarypinnateveinsinflorescenceaspadix,subtendedbya spathe Araceae(Philodendron,Syngonium) 12.Plantsdioecious,twining,orclimbingbytendrilsleaveswith39arcuate midveinsinflorescencespikelike,racemose,paniculateorumbellate,not subtendedbyabract. 13.Plantswithstipulartendrilsstemsusuallyspinyinflorescenceumbellatefruitaberry. Smilacaceae 13.Plantstwining,withouttendrilsstemsseldomspinyinflorescenceaspike,racemeor paniclefruitachartaceous,3wingedcapsule.Dioscoreaceae 11.Plantserect,prostrateordecumbent,notclimbing.

617
14.Inflorescenceaspadixsubtendedbyaspathaceousbract Araceae 14.Inflorescenceaspike,acyme,aracemeorapaniclenotsubtendedbyaspathaceous bract. 15.Flowersnaked,perianthreducedtobristlesorscales. 16.Flowersspirallyimbricateorlessoften2ranked,subtendedbyasinglescale leafsheathusuallyclosedstemstriangularorcylindrical.Cyperaceae 16.Flowersdistichouslyarranged,subtendedbyapairofscalesleafsheathusually openstemscylindrical.Poaceae 15.Flowersshowy,eitherthesepalsorthepetalslarge,notreducedtobristlesorscales. 17.Ovarysuperior. 18.Inflorescencecymose,usuallyenclosedbyafolded,boatshaped,spathelike bractflowerwithdistinctcalyxandcorolla,freeorbasallyconnate. Commelinaceae 18.Inflorescenceracemoseorpaniculate,notenclosedbyaboatshapedbract flowerperianthtubularorfunnelshaped Dracaenaceae 17.Ovaryinferior. 19.Neitherleavesnorstemswollenatbaseplantrhizomatous.Cannaceae 19.Leavesswollenatbaseintoabulborcorm,orthestemswollenatbaseintoa pseudobulb. 20.Flowerszygomorphic(inours)anthersusually1,sessileneartheapexofa columnplantscommonlyepiphytic,lessoftenepilithicorterrestrial.Orchidaceae 20.Flowersactinomorphicstamens6,withlong,distinctorbasallyconnatefilaments plantsterrestrial. 21.Perianthsegments>6.5cmlongfruitacapsuleleavesswollenatbaseintoa bulb Amaryllidaceae 21.Perianthsegmentsto1.5cmlongfruitaberryleavesnotswollen. Hypoxidaceae

1.AGAVACEAE
_______________________________________ (CenturyPlantFamily) ByMarkT.Strong Keytothegenera 1.Leavesinarosetteatbase,themarginsfrequentlypricklyovaryinferiorstamenslongerthan theperianth.Agave 1.Leavesspirallyarrangedonanelongatestem,themarginssmoothorfinelytoothedovary superiorstamensshorterthantheperianth.Yucca

1.AGAVEL. Keytothespecies 1.Matureleavesarmedwithwelldevelopedpricklesleaves1325cmwide.

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2.Flowers610cmlongfilaments69cm longprickles(3)510(11)mmlong,borneon raisedundulationsofleafmarginplantstypicallyproducingsuckersatbaseplantlets usuallyabsentininflorescence(cultivated).A.americana 2.Flowers4.55.5cmlongfilaments3.54cmlongprickles35(6)mmlong,bornealong relativelystraightedgeofleafmarginplantsnotproducingsuckersatbaseplantlets usuallypresentininflorescence A.missionum 1.Matureleavesunarmedorwithfewminutepricklesleaves712cmwide.(cultivated)A. sisalana 1.Agavemissionum Trelease,Mem.Natl. Acad.Sci.11:37.1913. Distribution:Commonalongcoastalthicketsamongrockyoutcrops.Lameshur(B497). AlsoonAnegada,St.Thomas,Tortola,andVirginGordaPuertoRico(includingCulebraand Vieques). Commonnames:centuryplant,karata. Cultivatedspecies: AgaveamericanaL.,theCenturyPlant,and A.sisalanaPerrine,both probablynativetoMexico,arefrequentlyplantedintheVirginIslands,buthavenotbecome naturalizedonSt.John.

2.YUCCAL. 1.Yuccaaloifolia L.,Sp.Pl.319.1753. Distribution:Introduced,commonlyplantedalongroadsides,becomingnaturalizedin open,disturbedareas.Emmaus(A2008).AlsointhesouthernUnitedStates,Mexico,Central America,WestIndies. Commonnames:Spanishbayonet,Spanishdagger.

2.AMARYLLIDACEAE
_________________________________________________ (AmaryllisFamily) byMarkT.Strong

Keytothegenera 1.Filamentsfreetobase Crinum 1.Filamentsbasallyfusedintoamembranouscup Hymenocallis

1.CRINUML. 1.Crinumzeylanicum (L.)L.,Syst.Nat.ed.12, 2:236. 1767. Distribution:Occasionalalongroadsidesorindisturbedsecondaryvegetation.Roadto AjaxPeak(A5112).AlsoonSt.ThomasnativeofIndiaandSriLanka,cultivatedintropical regions,butfrequentlyescapingandbecomingnaturalized.

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Commonname: spiderlily.

2.HYMENOCALLISSalisb. Keytothespecies 1.Leafbladeslineartolinearoblong,longtaperingatthebase,(2.8)49cmwide H.caribaea 1.Leafbladesbroadlyelliptictobroadlyoblongelliptic,distinctlypetiolateatbase,715cmwide H.speciosa 1.Hymenocalliscaribaea (L.)Herb.inEdw.,Bot.Reg.7(App.):44.1821. Distribution:Occasionalindisturbedareasandalongroadsides.Bordeaux(A5130). AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasHispaniola,PuertoRico(includingCulebra),Jamaica,andthe LesserAntilles. Commonname:ladybug,whitelily. 2.Hymenocallisspeciosa (Salisb.)Salisb., Trans.Hort. Soc.London1:340.1812. Distribution:Occasionalonrockyhillsides.EastEnd(B1207).NativetotheWest Indies.

3.ARACEAE
_______________________________________ (PhilodendronFamily) ReviewedbyDanH.Nicolson Keytothegenera 1.Plantsfloating,aquaticleavessubsessile,inarosette.Pistia 1.Plantsterrestrialorepiphyticleaveslongpetiolate,alternate. 2.Spatheherbaceous,reflexedflowersbisexual Anthurium 2.Spathefleshy,erect,surroundingthespadixflowersunisexual. 3.Leavespedatelydissected.Syngonium 3.Leavesentire,cordate orelliptic. 4.Plantswithelongateclimbingstems,ortheplantacaulescentorwithveryshort stems,notgrowinginswampsleafovate,green,cordateatbase Philodendron 4.Plantswiththickerectstems,ofswampyorwetareasleaveselliptictooblong ovate,usuallyvariegated,roundedorcordateatbaseandusuallyasymmetric Dieffenbachia

1.ANTHURIUMSchott Keytothespecies 1.Leavesovatetotriangularovate,thebladesdirecteddownwardfromthepointofattachmentat base A.cordatum 1.Leaveslanceolateorelliptic,thebladesascending.

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2.Leaveslanceolate,oblonglanceolateorcordatelanceolate,thebasenearlycordateor truncatepetiolesnearlyaslongastheblades A.selloum 2.Leaveselliptic,oblongellipticoroblanceolate,thebaseobtuseorrounded,taperingfrom themiddleofthebladepetiolesmuchshorterthantheblades.A.crenatum 1.Anthuriumcordatum (L.)Schott,WienerZeitschr.Kunst3:828.1829. Distribution: Acommonunderstoryherbofshadedmoistforests.Bordeaux(A2863). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolatheLesserAntilles. Commonname: maroonjancole. 2.Anthuriumcrenatum (L.)Kunth,Enum.Pl.3:75.1841. Distribution: Acommonunderstoryherbofshadedmoistforests.Bordeaux(A2857). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolaHispaniolaandPuertoRico(includingViequesand Culebraislands). Commonname: scrubbush. 3.Anthurium selloum C.Koch,IndexSem.Hort.Berol.App. 8.1855. Distribution: Acommonunderstoryherbofshadedmoistforests.Bordeaux(A2864, A2895)CamelbergPeak.(A4247).KnownonlyfromSt.JohnandTortola(Proctor41984).

2.DIEFFENBACHIASchott 1.Dieffenbachiaseguine(Jacq.)Schott,WienerZeitschr. Kunst3:803.1829. Distribution: Anoccasionalherbofwetseepageareas.Bordeaux(A4705)MahoBay Gut(W863).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalAmerica. Commonname: dumbcane. Note: Thesapofthisplantisirritatingtotheskin,andifingested,isinflammatorytothe tongueanddigestivetracthencethecommonname,dumbcane.

3.PHILODENDRONSchott Keytothespecies 1.Vines,withelongatestemsto10mlong,and12cmdiam.petioles1015cmlongcataphylls deciduous P.scandens 1.Erectplant,withstemsto2mlong,and810cmdiam.petiolesto1mlongcataphylls weatheringtoafibrouspersistentstructure P.giganteum 1.Philodendrongiganteum Schott,Syn.Aroid 89.1856. Distribution: Notcommon,knownonlyfromasinglelocalityinforestedarea.Along ReefBayGut(A4165).AlsoonSt.Thomas(accordingtoEggers,1879)andTortolaHispaniola, PuertoRico,theLesserAntilles,TrinidadandVenezuela. 2.PhilodendronscandensC.Koch&H.Sello,IndexSem.Hort.Berol.App.4.1853. Distribution: Acommonvineofmoistforests.BordeauxMountain(A2610,A2880). AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolathroughouttropicalAmerica.

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4.PISTIAL. 1.PistiastratiotesL.,Sp.Pl.963.1753. Distribution: Notcommon,foundinfreshwatercisternsorpools,sometimescultivated. AnnabergRuins(A2866).AlsoonSt.Thomasavariablespeciesfoundthroughouttropicaland subtropicalregions.

5.SYNGONIUMSchott 1.Syngoniumpodophyllum Schott,Bot.Zeitung(Berlin)9:85.1851. Distribution: NativetoMexicoandgrownasanornamentalthroughouttheCaribbeana fewindividualshaveescapedcultivationonSt.John.Susannaberg(A4061).Also,now throughouttropicalAmerica.

4.ARECACEAE
_______________________________________ (Palm Family) Keytothegenera 1.Leavespalmate. 2.Trunk812cmdiam.leavesto1.5mlong,silverywhitebeneathpetiolesligulateat junctionwithblade Coccothrinax 2.Trunk2530cmdiam.leaves2.53mlong,greenbeneathpetiolesnotligulateatjunction withblade(cultivated)Sabal 1.Leavespinnatelycompound. 3.Trunkwidestattheverybase,withmanyobviousleafscarsfruit2030cmlong,greenor yellowishatmaturity.Cocos 3.Trunkwidestjustbelowthecrown,nearlysmoothfruits11.3cmlong,lightbrownat maturity Roystonea

1.COCCOTHRINAXSargent 1.Coccothrinaxalta (O.F.Cook)Beccari, Webbia2:331.1907. Distribution: CommonthroughouttheIslandinmoisttodryforests.Bordeaux(A5089) Susannaberg(A2131).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andVirginGordaPuertoRico(including CulebraandVieques). Commonnames:broompalm,broomteyer,fanpalm,silverpalm,teyertree.

2.COCOSL. 1.Cocosnucifera L.,Sp.Pl.1188.1753. Distribution: NativetothetropicalcoastofthePacificOcean,introducedintotheNew WorldbyEuropeansettlersforitsedibleseeds.Selfregeneratingonsandyshoresaroundthe

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island,wheretheywereoriginallyplanted.Distributedthroughouttropicalandsubtropicalshores orinland. Commonname: coconutpalm.

3.ROYSTONEAO.F.Cook Agenusofabout12speciesnativetotheCaribbeanandcircumCaribbeanregion. 1.Roystoneaborinquena O.F.Cook,Bull. TorreyBot.Club28:552.1901. Distribution: Rare,afewindividualsfoundalonggalleryforestsorstreambanks.Maho BayGut(fieldobservations).AlsoonSt.CroixPuertoRico(includingCulebraandVieques). Commonnames:cabbagepalm,mountaincabbage,royalpalm.

Cultivatedspecies: AfewindividualsofSabalcasuarium(O.F.Cook)Beccari (endemicto PuertoRico)arecultivatedonthegroundsofCaneelBayHotel.Also,thereareseveralimmature individuals(persistentaftercultivation)intheareaoftheoldReefBaysugarplantationwhich seemtobethisspecies.WoodburyandWeaver(1987)reported PhoenixdactyliferaL.froma cultivatedpalmatCruzBay,butthepalmhassincedied.

5.ASPHODELACEAE
_______________________________________ (AloeFamily) ByMarkT.Strong Approximately17generaand814speciesinsubtropicalandtropicalregionsoftheOld Worldwith thecenterofdistributioninsouthernAfrica. 1.ALOEL. 1.Aloevera (L.)Burm.f.,Fl.Ind.83.1768[6April]. Distribution:Locallycommonalongroadsidesanddisturbedareas.EastEnd(A4223). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Vieques,andVirginGordaprobablynativetotheMediterranean region,nownaturalizedandwidespreadinFlorida,CentralAmericaandtheWestIndies. Commonnames: aloes,bitteraloes,sempervive.

6.BROMELIACEAE
_______________________________________ (Pineapple Family) Keytothegenera 1.Leafmarginsspiny. 2.Scapesstout,short,withcongestedinflorescencesto315cmlong,theaxesflattened, denselywhitefarinosepubescenthypanthiumdenselywhitefarinosepubescentfruita leatheryyellowishberry,2.73.5cmlong,withwhitishorcreamypulpinside.Bromelia

623
2.Scapesslender,elongate,withscatteredinflorescencesto 1520cmlong,theaxesangled cylindrical,glabroushypanthiumglabrousfruitsreddish,ovoidorovoidtrigonous,<2 cmlong. 3.Leaveslongacuminatefruitscapsularfloralbractsovatelanceolate,acutecorolla redorange,to4cmlong,twiceaslongasthecalyx Pitcairnia 3.Leavesshortacuminatetocuspidatefruitaberryfloralbractsspinytippedcorolla 89mmlong,longerthanthecalyx Aechmea 1.Leafmarginsentire,notspiny. 4.Capsuleovoidmatureseedswithatuftoffolded,comosehairsatapexflowersdistantto approximateintheinflorescence(notoverlapping) Catopsis 4.Capsuleelongate,oblong,linearorfusiformmatureseedswithatuftofstraighthairsat baseflowerscloseorcrowdedwithoverlappingfloralbracts,ordistanttoapproximate intheinflorescence.Tillandsia

1.AECHMEARuz&Pavn,nom.cons. 1.Aechmealingulata (L.)Baker,J.Bot.17:164.1879. Distribution:Occasionalinmoistforests.Bordeaux(A615,A5096)CenterLineRoad (A4035).AlsoonSt.ThomasCentralAmerica,WestIndiesandSouthAmerica.

2.BROMELIAL. 1.Bromeliapinguin L.,Sp.Pl.285.1753. Distribution:Apparentlyintroducedasahedgeplant,nowspontaneousonwasteground, roadsidesandtrailsides.LindPoint(A2798)ChocolateHole(A1979).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt. ThomasthroughouttropicalAmerica. Commonname: pingwing.

3.CATOPSISGriseb. Agenusof19speciesoccurringfromMexicotoSouthAmerica,andtheWestIndies. 1.Catopsisfloribunda L.B.Sm.,Contr.GrayHerb.11:5.1937. Distribution:Occasionalinmoistforests.Bordeaux(B572)CamelbergPeak(A4248). AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolaFlorida,theWestIndies,TrinidadandVenezuela.

4.PITCAIRNIAL'Hr. 1.Pitcairniaangustifolia Aiton,Hort.Kew.1:401.1789. Distribution:Occasionalonrockyoutcrops.WaterlemonBay(A1940)byPetroglyphs (A2934).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandWaterIslandPuertoRico(including Vieques)andtheLesserAntilles.

5.TILLANDSIAL.

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Keytothespecies 1.Plantsformingdenseclustersleaves312cmlongand0.52mmwide,stronglyrecurvate scapes12(5)flowered.T.recurvata 1.Plantssolitaryorformingsmallclustersleaves>30cmlongand>1cmwide,ascending or recurvedatapexscapesbearingnumerousmanyfloweredinflorescences. 2.Inflorescenceofcloseorcrowdedflowerswithdistichouslyoverlappingfloralbracts. 3.Inflorescence515cmlong,23cmwidefloralbracts34cmlong,greentostraw colored T.fasciculata 3.Inflorescence1730cmlong,0.81.0cmwidefloralbracts2.22.6cmlong,purplish red.T.lineatispica 2.Inflorescenceofdistanttoapproximateflowers,thefloralbractsnotoverlapping.T. utriculata [addTillandsiausneoides] 1.Tillandsiafasciculata Sw.,Prodr.56.1788. Distribution:Occasionalonrockyoutcropsorepiphyticontreesalongintermittent creeks.BatteryGut(A4169)FishBayGut(A2495).AlsoonSt.Thomas(accordingtoBritton 1923)throughouttropicalAmerica.Aspeciesveryvariablethroughoutitrange,oursisreferable to T.fasciculatavar.venosispicaMez. 2.Tillandsialineatispica MezinDC.,Mon. Phan.9:699. 1896. Distribution:Rare,knownfromafewpopulations,onrockyoutcrops.FishBay(A815 &M17074).KnownonlyfromSt.JohnandfromCerroVentanaonViequesIsland(PuertoRico). 3.Tillandsiarecurvata (L.)L.,Sp.Pl.ed.2,1:410.1762. Distribution:Occasionalontreesandshrubsofopenordryareascommonlyfoundon telephonewiresonotherislandssuchasPuertoRico.TrailtoFortsberg(A4096)CruzBay (A2515).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.Thomas(accordingtoBritton,1923)southernmostUnited StatestoArgentina,includingtheWestIndies. Commonname: oldmanhand.

4.Tillandsiautriculata L.,Sp.Pl.286.1753. Distribution:Acommonepiphyteofmoisttodryforests.LindPoint(A1971)Center LineRoad(A4034)FishBay(A3914).AlsoonAnegada,St.CroixandSt.Thomassoutheastern UnitedStates,Mexico,CentralAmerica,VenezuelaandtheWestIndies. Commonname: wildpin.

7.CANNACEAE
_______________________________________ (ArrowrootFamily) 1.CANNAL.

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1.Cannaindica L.,Sp.Pl.1753. Distribution:Anoccasionalescapealongroadsidesinhumidareas.Bordeauxroad (A3869).CommonthroughouttropicalAmerica,naturalizedinAsiaandtropicalAfrica. Commonnames: Indianshoot,tolama,toolima.

8.COMMELINACEAE
_______________________________________ (WanderingJew Family) ReviewedbyRobertB.Faden Keytothegenera 1.Inflorescencesubtendedandenclosedby1or2spathaceousbracts. 2.Bractspairedflowersactinomorphic.Tradescantia 2.Bractsolitaryflowerzygomorphic.Commelina 1.Inflorescencenotsubtendedbyspathaceousbracts Callisia

1.CALLISIALoefl. Keytothespecies 1.Decumbentherbstems510mmdiam.leaves928cmlonginflorescenceelongateracemelike orpaniclelikeovaryandcapsuletrilocular.C.fragrans 1.Prostrateherbstems12mmdiam.leaves14cmlongflowersinaxillary,pairedcymes ovaryandcapsulediscoidbilocular C.repens 1.Callisiafragrans(Lindl.)Woodson,Ann.MissouriBot.Gard.29:154.1942. Distribution:NativetoMexico,cultivatedandnaturalizedalongroadsidesandopen disturbedareas.FishBay(A3870)MariaBluff(A3805)trailtoSolomonBeach (A2294).Also naturalizedonSt.CroixandTortolaBonaire(DutchWestIndies),Hawaii,India. Commonname: groundorchid. 2.Callisiarepens(Jacq.)L.,Sp.Pl.ed.2,1:62.1762. Distribution:NativetotropicalandsubtropicalAmericaapparentlyintroduced(and naturalized)onSt.John,foundalonghumidroadsides.RoadtoAjaxPeak(A2651)Waterlemon Bay(A1939)Lameshur(A3228).AlsoonSt.CroixandTortolaTexas,Mexico,Central America,WestIndies,SouthAmerica.

2.COMMELINAL.

1.Commelinaerecta L.,Sp.Pl.41.1753. Distribution:Acommonweedyherbofopen,disturbedhumidareas.GreatCruzBay (A2357)LittleCruzBay (A859).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughout temperateandtropicalAmericaandtropicalAfrica. Commonname: Frenchgrass.

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3.TRADESCANTIAL. Keytothespecies 1.Decumbentherbleavesstrapshaped,spirallyarranged,1540cmlong,notvariegated,sessile corollawhite.T.spathacea 1.Prostrateherbleavesovatelanceolate,310cmlong,distichous,variegated(anelongatewhitish markingalongeachsideofthemidvein),withmaroonmargins,shortlypetiolatecorollarose purple T.zebrina 1.Tradescantiaspathacea Sw.,Prodr.57. 1788. Distribution:Cultivatedbutbecomingnaturalized.TailtoMargaretHill(A2310).Also inMexico,GuatemalaandBelize,naturalizedintheWestIndies. 2.Tradescantiazebrina Bosse,Vollst.Handb.Blumeng.4:655.1846. Distribution:Cultivatedbutbecomingnaturalized.AlongtrailtoL'Esperance(A4250). NativetoMexico,butnaturalizedthroughouttheNeotropics. Commonname: wanderingJew.

9.CYMODOCEACEAE
_______________________________________ (ManateeGrassFamily) ByMarkT.Strong 1.SYRINGODIUMKtz. 1.SyringodiumfiliformeKtz.inHohenacker,AlgaeMarinaeExs.9:no.426.1860. Distribution:Shallowsalinewateroflagoonsandreefs.FishBay(AcevedoRdgz.s.n.). ProbablyaroundallislandsoftheVirginIslandsthroughouttheCaribbeanbasin. Commonname: manateegrass. oblongelliptic,34mmlong.Pedicelofpistillateflower1mmlongorlessstyle23mmlong,the stigmas47mmlong.Fruitellipsoidtoellipsoidobovoid,slightlyflattened,58mmlong,2.53 mmwide,narrowingtoaroundedbase,thebeak25mmlong.Seeds2.53mmlong. Distribution:Shallowsalinewateroflagoonsandreefs.FishBay(AcevedoRdgz.s.n.). ProbablyaroundallislandsoftheVirginIslandsthroughouttheCaribbeanbasin. Commonname: manateegrass.

10.CYPERACEAE
_______________________________________ (Sedge Family) ByMarkT.Strong Keytothe genera

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1.Fertilespikeletscalessubtendingunisexualflowersachene(fruit)withcrustaceouspericarp [withorsometimeswithouthypogyniumatbasebristlesnone] Scleria 1.Fertilespikeletscalessubtendingbisexualflowers(atleastsomepresent)achenelacking crustaceouspericarp[withorwithoutbristlesatbasehypogyniumnone]. 2.Spikeletsbearingmanyflowerswithonly1(2)ofthebasalscalesreducedandsterile. 3.Acheneswithbristlesatbase Eleocharis 3.Acheneswithoutbristlesatbase. 4.Scalesspirallyimbricate. 5.Stylebasedisarticulatingfromthesummitoftheacheneapexofleafsheathentire Fimbristylis 5.Stylebasepersistentasabulboustubercleatsummitofacheneapexofleafsheath longciliate.Bulbostylis 4.Scales2ranked. 6.Unbranchedportionofstylefimbriatetowardsapex,expandedatbase .Abildgaardia 6.Unbranchedportionofstylesmooth,uniformatbase.Cyperus 2.Spikeletsbearing1toseveralflowerswith2manybasalscalesreducedandsterile. 7.Stylebaseuniform,disarticulatingfromsummitoftheachenescales2ranked Kyllinga 7.Stylebaseexpanded,persistentatthesummitoftheachenescalesspirallyimbricate. Rhynchospora 1.ABILDGAARDIAVahl 1.Abildgaardiaovata (Burm.f.)Kral,Sida4:72.1971. Distribution: Occasionalinwetseepageareas.Bordeaux(A2614a)DittlifPoint (W648).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,andVirginGordapantropical.

2.BULBOSTYLISKunth,nom.cons. 1.Bulbostylispauciflora (Liebm.)C.B.Clarke, KewBull.Add.Ser.8:26.1908. Distribution: Rare,onrocky,coastalareas.DittlifPoint(W758).Also onSt.Croix Cuba,Hispaniola,PuertoRico,andtheLesserAntilles.

3.CYPERUSL. Keytothespecies 1.Inflorescence58mmdiam.culms0.30.4mmwideleaves0.31.6mmwide.C.nanus 1.Inflorescence>2cmdiam.culms>0.5mm widewelldevelopedleavesmorethan2mmwide. 2.Stamen1achenes0.80.9mmlongscales1.21.5mmlong C.surinamensis 2.Stamens3achenes>1mmlongscales>1.5mmlong 3.Inflorescenceasingle,sessileorsubsessileglomeruleofspikeletsatthesummitofthe culmrayswanting C.compressus 3.Inflorescenceanumbellikecorymbprimaryrayswelldeveloped. 4.Spikeletspalmatelydisposedindenseclustersorglomerulesleavesandinflorescence stickyculmsremotelyscabrousapexofscalewithaslightlyrecurvedcusp C. elegans

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4.Spikeletsspicatelydisposedinloosetodensespikesplantnotstickyculmsunarmed apexofscalestraight. 5.Spikelets2.53mmwiderachillawingless.C.compressus 5.Spikelets<2.5mmwiderachillawinged. 6.Culmsminutelypapilloseleafbladesseptatespikesoblongcylindricalto subglobose,congestedatraytips.C.ligularis 6.Culmssmoothleafbladesnotseptateorobscurelysospikeslooselydisposedat raytips. 7.Rachilladisarticulatingatthenodes(therachillanodeandfloretfalling together),thewingsbecomingthickandcorkyatmaturity,envelopingthe achene C.flexuosus 7.Rachillapersistentordisarticulatingatbaseofspikelet(thespikeletfalling entire),thewingsnotbecomingthickandcorky,therebynotenvelopingachene. 8.Spikelets0.50.6mmwidescales1.62.0mmlong,spreadingatmaturity. C.distans 8.Spikelets12mmwidescales2.83.5mmlong,notspreadingatmaturity. 9.Rhizomatous,rhizomeshort,thick,notbearingtubersleavesstiff,50 90cmlong,(5)610(13)mmwide,glaucousandobscurelyseptateon uppersurface,paleandreddishbrownlineolateonlowersurface C.planifolius 9.Stoloniferous,stolonselongate,bearingtubersleavesherbaceous,540 cmlong,26(8)mmwide,greenonbothsides,notseptate.C. rotundus

1.CyperuscompressusL.,Sp.Pl.46.1753. Distribution: Occasionalinsandysoilsofroadsidesandbeaches.Lameshur(W775). AlsoonSt.ThomasandVirginGordaacosmopolitanweed. 2.CyperusdistansL.f.,Suppl.Pl.103.1781. Distribution: Occasionalinseepageareasalongroadsides.BordeauxMt.(W59, A5066)GiftHill(A5282).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolaapantropicalweed. 3.CyperuselegansL.,Sp.Pl.ed.2,1:68.1762. Distribution: Commoninopen,disturbedareas.TrailtoFortsberg(A4084)Emmaus (A1999).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,andVirginGordasouthernUnitedStates, Mexico,CentralAmerica,Peru,Argentina,andthroughouttheWestIndies. 4.CyperusflexuosusVahl,Enum.Pl.2:359. 1806. Distribution: Acommonherbofmoist,seepageareas.Lameshur(B623)roadfrom BordeauxtoCoralBay(A3799).AlsoonSt.ThomasCuba,Jamaica,Hispaniola,Lesser Antilles,MexicoandBrazil. 5.CyperusligularisL.,Pl.Jamaic.Pug.3. 1759. Distribution: Commoninshallowpoolsandwetareasalongroadsidesandindisturbed habitats.BordeauxMt.(A2094)CruzBay(A856)ReefBaytrailbyPetroglyphs(A2932).Also onSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola,andVirginGordatropicalandsubtropicalAmerica,tropical

629
WestAfrica,ChagosArchipelago(IndianOcean),Seychelles,andwesternPacificislandsand atolls. 6.CyperusnanusWilld.,Sp.Pl.1:272.1797. Distribution: Arathercommonherbofwet,disturbedareas.Trail toSeiben(A2055) ReefBaytrailbyPetroglyphs(A2929).AlsoonSt.CroixandVirginGordathroughouttheWest IndiesandMexico. 7.CyperusplanifoliusRich.,ActesSoc.Hist.Nat.Paris1:106.1792. Distribution: Occasionalinscrubsanddrycoastalforests.SouthsidePond(A1831). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola,andVirginGordaCuba,Hispaniola,Jamaica,Puerto Rico,andtheLesserAntilles. 8.CyperusrotundusL.,Sp.Pl.45.1753. Distribution: Occasionalinsandysoils,alongbeaches,roadsides,anddisturbedhabitats. CoralBay(Raunkirs.n.).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andVirginGordaacosmopolitan weed. Commonname: nutgrass. 9.CyperussurinamensisRottb.,Descr.Icon. Rar.Pl.35. 1773. Distribution: Occasionalinpermanentshallowpools.HermanFarm(W457) Catherinesberg(A5070).AlsoonSt.ThomassouthernUnitedStatestoSouthAmericaandthe WestIndies. Cultivatedspecies: CyperusinvolucratusRottb.,theUmbrellaPlant,hasbeencultivatedonSt. Johnbuthasnotbecomenaturalized.

4.ELEOCHARISR.Br. 1.Eleocharisgeniculata (L.)Roem.&Schult.,Syst.Veg.2:150.1817. Distribution: Commoninsandy,waterloggedareas.Concordia(A4253)BatteryGut (A4171)FishBayGut(A2497).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolaapantropicalweed.

5.FIMBRISTYLISVahl Keytothespecies 1.Unbranchedportionofstyleslender,3angledatexpandedbase,entireleaveseligulateachenes verrucosereticulate.F.cymosa 1.Unbranchedportionofthestyledistinctlyflattened,fimbriatealongmarginleaveswithaligule ofshorthairsachenesfinelytocoarselyreticulate. 2.Scalesglabrousachenescoarselyreticulatewithusually(5)79(12)rowsofhorizontally oriented,rectangularcells F.dichotoma 2.Scaleswithdense,silvery,shortappressedhairsdistallyachenesfinelyreticulatewith usually2535rowsofisodiametriccells ..F.ferruginea

630
1.Fimbristyliscymosa R.Br.,Prodr.1:228.1810. Distribution: Acommonherbofcoastalareas,alongbeaches,roadsidesanddisturbed habitats.CoralBay(A2660)GreatCruzBay(A796)CenterLineRoad(A3783).AlsoonSt. Croixapantropicalweed. 2.Fimbristylisdichotoma (L.)Vahl,Enum.Pl.2:287.1805. Distribution: Occasionalinwetareasalongroadsides.Bordeaux(B537,A3831) Bethany(B277).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola,andVirginGordacosmopolitan, primarilyinwarmtemperateandtropicalregions. 3.Fimbristylisferruginea (L.)Vahl,Enum.Pl.2:291.1805. Distribution: Occasionalinwet,brackishhabitats.Lameshur(B604).AlsoonSt. Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola,andVirginGordaapantropicalweed.

6.KYLLINGARottb. 1.Kyllingaodorata Vahl,Enum.Pl.2:382.1806. Distribution: Occasionalalongwetstreambanksandroadsides.Rosenberg(B304). AlsoonSt.ThomassoutheasternUnitedStatestoSouthAmerica,includingtheWestIndies,also tropicalAfrica,Madagascar,southeastAsia,Malaysia,andnorthernAustralia.

7.RHYNCHOSPORAVahl 1.Rhynchosporanervosa (Vahl)Bck.ssp.ciliata T.Koyama,Madroo20:254. 1970. Distribution: Occasionalongrassyhillsidesandroadsidebanks.Bordeaux(B562, A3830)Lameshur(W226).AlsoonSt.ThomasMexicotoSouthAmerica,andthroughoutthe WestIndies.

8.SCLERIABergius Keytothespecies 1.Culms1.21.3mmwidenearbaseleaves13mmwideacheneswithoutahypogynium S. lithosperma 1.Culms310mmwidenearbaseleaves517mmwideacheneswitha3lobedhypogynium. 2.Culms35mmwidenearbaseachenes22.9mmlong(includinghypogynium),22.5mm wideterminalpanicle12.5cmwide S.melaleuca 2.Culms510mmwidenearbaseachenes33.9mmlong(includinghypogynium),2.52.9 mmwideterminalpanicle38cmwide.S.scindens 1.Sclerialithosperma (L.)Sw.,Prodr.18.1788. Distribution: Commonherbinunderstoryofmoisttodryforestandalonggalleryforests androadsides.Bordeaux(A3828)BatteryGut(A4167)FishBay(A1966).AlsoonSt.Croix, St.Thomas,andVirginGordaapantropicalweed. 2.Scleriamelaleuca Rchb.exSchltdl.&Cham., Linnaea6:29.1831.

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Distribution: Commonalongwooded hillsides,roadsides,andseepageareas.Bordeaux Mountain(W58,A2096)betweenBethanyandRosenberg(B275).AlsoonSt.Croix,St. Thomas,andTortolaMexicotoSouthAmerica,andtheWestIndies. Commonname: cuttinggrass. 3.ScleriascindensNeesexKunth,Enum.Pl.2:343.1837. Distribution: Commoninsecondaryvegetationalongtrailsandroadsides.Bordeaux Mountain(A2606,A2884&A5102).AlsoonSt.Thomas,Tortola,andVirginGordaCuba, Hispaniola,PuertoRico,andtheLesserAntilles. Commonname: razorgrass.

11.DIOSCOREACEAE
_______________________________________ (Yam Family) 1.DIOSCOREAL. Keytothespecies 1.Stems4wingedleavesopposite.D.alata 1.Stemscylindrical,notwingedleavesalternate D.pilosiuscula 1.Dioscoreaalata L.,Sp.Pl.1033.1753. Distribution:CollectedonlyonceonSt.John,andperhapsnotpersistentontheisland. Bordeaux(W461).NativeofsoutheastAsia,butwidelycultivatedthroughoutthetropics. Commonnames:redyam,yam. 2.Dioscoreapilosiuscula Bertero exSpreng.,Syst.Veg.ed.16,2:152.1825. Distribution:Occasionalinopendisturbedareas.MahoBayQuarteralongCenterLine Road(A2419)trailtoSieben(A2645).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolathroughouttheGreater andLesserAntillesandSouthAmerica.

12.DRACAENACEAE
_______________________________________ (SheDragon Family) ByMarkT.Strong 1.SANSEVIERIAThunberg 1.Sansevieria trifasciata Prain,BengalPlants2:1054.1903. Distribution:Alongroadsides.BordeauxMountain(A3859).NativeofAfrica, cultivatedandbecomingnaturalized.AlsoonSt.CroixHispaniola,PuertoRico,Jamaica,and LesserAntilles. Commonnames:guanatail,lizardtail,motherinlawtongue,rhamni,snakeplant.

632

13.HYDROCHARITACEAE
_______________________________________ (Frog'sBitFamily) ByMarkT.Strong 1.THALASSIABanks&SolanderexKnig 1.Thalassiatestudinum Banks&SolanderexKnig,Ann.Bot.2: 96.1805. Distribution:Forminglargecoloniesorprairiesinshallowwaterofbays,beaches,and nearreefsaroundtheisland.FishBay(AcevedoRdgz.s.n.).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St. Thomas,Tortola,andVirginGordasouthernUnitedStates,CentralAmerica,WestIndies,and northernSouthAmerica. Commonname: turtlegrass.

14.HYPOXIDACEAE
_______________________________________ (StargrassFamily) ByMarkT.Strong

1.HYPOXISR.Br. 1.HypoxisdecumbensL.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:986.1759. Distribution:Inwet,openareas.BordeauxMountain(W69A)betweenBethanyto Rosenberg(B279).AlsoonTortolaandVirginGordaGreaterAntilles,LesserAntilles,Mexico, CentralAmerica,andSouthAmerica.

15.LEMNACEAE
_______________________________________ (Duckweed Family) 1.LEMNAL. 1.LemnaaequinoctialisWelw.,Ann.ConselhoUltram.55: 578.1859. Distribution: Occasionalintemporarybodiesoffreshwaterorabandonedwells.In abandonedwellatEmmaus(A4022)poolnorthofEuropaBay(A5260).Cosmopolitan,in temperateandtropicalareas. Commonname: duckweed.

16.ORCHIDACEAE
_______________________________________ (Orchid Family) ByJ.D.Ackerman

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Keytothegenera 1.VinesVanilla 1.Rhizomatousandoftencespitoseherbs. 2.Leafbladescontinuous(nonarticulate)withsheathspolliniasoft,mealyplantsterrestrial. 3.Flowersresupinate,lipinthelowermostposition Cyclopogon 3.Flowersnonresupinate,lipintheuppermostposition. 4.Lipveryfleshy,hoodlike,coveringthecolumnsepalsandpetalssimilar,reflexed curledlateralsepalsbasallyunited.Prescottia 4.Lipsuborbicularwithmarginsflankingthecolumnbutnotdeeplyhoodedsepalsand petalsdissimilar,notreflexedcurledlateralsepalsfree Ponthieva 2.Leafbladesarticulatewithsheathsorstemspolliniahardplantsterrestrial,epiphyticor epilithic. 5.Pseudobulbspresentleavesdorsalventrallyflattened(conduplicate). 6.Leavesmottledlightanddarkgreenplantsterrestrialflowersspurred.Oeceoclades 6.Leavesuniformincolorplantsepiphyticorepilithicflowersnotspurred. 7.Pedunclelessthan50cmlonglipwhite,greenorbrown,adnatetothelengthofthe column,laterallobesoflipfree Epidendrum 7.Peduncle50150cmlonglipredtolavender,attachedtothebasalhalfofthe column,laterallobesoflipadnatetothesidesofthecolumn Psychilis 5.Pseudobulbsabsentorinconspicuousleaveslaterallyflattenedorsubcylindrical. 8.Leaveslaterallyflattenedpollinia2ineachthecae Tolumnia 8.Leavessubcylindricalpollinia8.Tetramicra

1.CYCLOPOGONPresl Keytothespecies 1.Midveinandmarginofpetalsdarkenedattheapexlipbroadestbelowapicalconstrictionleaf bladesdark,velvetygreenabove,purplishbelowpetioles13.5cmlong C.cranichoides 1.Petalsunmarkedatapexlipequalorbroadestaboveapicalconstrictionleafbladesgreen petioles1.510cmlong.C.elatus 1.Cyclopogoncranichoides(Griseb.)Schltr.,Beih.Bot.Centralbl.37(2):387.1920. Distribution:Rare,collectedonceindeephumusofmoistforestunderstory.Bordeaux Mountain(Mrazek4).AlsoknownfromFlorida(U.S.A.),Bahamas,Cuba,Jamaica,Dominican Republic,PuertoRico,Dominica,Guadeloupe,CentralandSouthAmerica. 2.Cyclopogonelatus(Sw.)Schltr.,Beih.Bot.Centralbl.37(2):372,387. 1920. Distribution: Arareterrestrialherbintheshadyunderstoryofmoistforests.Rosenberg (B2899).AlsoknownfromSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolatheBahamas,Jamaica,Hispaniola, PuertoRico,LesserAntilles,Florida,Mexico,CentralAmericaandVenezuela.

2.EPIDENDRUML. Keytospecies 1.Stemsslender,canelikeleavesproducedalonglengthofstemsepalsandpetals58mmlong lipbrownorgreenwithentirelaterallobes E.anceps

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1.Stemspseudobulbousleavesproducedatapexofstemsepalsandpetals4050mmlonglip whitewithdissectedlaterallobes.E.ciliare 1.EpidendrumancepsJacq.,Select.Stirp. Amer.Hist.224,t.138.1763. Distribution: Rareontreesinmoistmontaneforests.BordeauxMountain(Ray& Gibneys.n.).AlsoonSt.ThomasandVirginGordaFlorida,MexicotoSouthAmericaincluding theWestIndies. 2.EpidendrumciliareL.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2:1246.1759. Distribution: Locallycommononboulders,particularlynearthecoast.Enighed (A5100)SolomonBay(A2279).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda MexicotoSouthAmerica,includingtheWestIndies. Commonname: Christmasorchid.

3.OECEOCLADESLindl. 1.Oeceocladesmaculata (Lindl.)Lindl.,Gen.Sp.Orchid. Pl.237.1833. Distribution: ArapidlyinvadingspeciescurrentlyknownonSt.Johnfromonesite,but expectedtospread.Lameshur(A3236).NativetotropicalAfrica,butnaturalizedinFlorida, Panama,SouthAmericaandtheWestIndies

4.PONTHIEVAR.Br. ANewWorldgenusofabout25speciesintropicalandsubtropicalareas. 1.Ponthievaracemosa (Walter)Mohr,Contr.U.S.Natl.Herb.6:460.1901. Distribution: Rareknownfrommoistforestsandthickets.Rosenberg(B289).Also reportedfromSt.ThomasandTortolatheWestIndies,southernUnitedStatesandMexicoto tropicalSouthAmerica.

5.PRESCOTTIALindl. Keytothespecies 1.Petioleslessthan3cmlong,erectorprostrateleafbladesgreen,usuallylessthan8cmlonglip white,12mmlong P.oligantha 1.Petioles2.515cmlong,erectleafbladesgreentopurplishgreen,usuallymorethan10cm longlipgreen,pinkorstrawcolored,2.53.5mmlong.P.stachyodes 1.Prescottiaoligantha (Sw.)Lindl.,Gen.Sp.Orch.Pl.454.1840. Distribution: Uncommon,knownfromshadysitesinmoistforestsandthickets. Bordeaux(B535).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolatheWestIndies,FloridaandMexicotoSouth America. 2.Prescottiastachyodes(Sw.)Lindl.,Bot.Reg.22:1916. 1836. Distribution: Terrestrialinmoistforestsandthickets.Bordeaux(B559,A2604).Also reportedfromtheGreaterAntillesandMexicotoSouthAmerica.

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6.PSYCHILISRaf. 1.PsychilismacconnelliaeSauleda,Phytologia65:18.1988. Distribution: Commononsmalltreesandshrubsinmoistordryregions,usuallyvery neartheocean.SaltPond(A759)EastEnd(A1819).AlsoreportedfromSt.Croix,St.Thomas, Anegada,TortolaandVirginGordaSt.KittsandPuertoRico.

7.TETRAMICRALindl. ACaribbeangenusofabout10species. 1.Tetramicracanaliculata (Aubl.)Urb.,Repert.Spec. Nov.RegniVeg.15: 306.1918. Distribution: Locallycommoninexposedsitesofdryormoistsites.MariaBluff (A4060).AlsoreportedfromSt.Croix,St.Thomas,LittleSt.James,Anegada,VirginGordaand GeorgeDogPuertoRico,Hispaniola,theLesserAntilles,andFlorida.

8.TOLUMNIARaf. Agenusofabout30species,somenotwelldefined. Keytothespecies 1.Flowersyellowlipconspicuouslydentatecrenateinflorescencesoftenformingplantletsafter flowering.T.prionochila 1.Flowerswhitetopinkishpurplewithbrownmarkingslipmoreorlessentireoldinflorescences notformingplantlets.T.variegata 1.Tolumniaprionochila (Kraenzl.)Braem,Orchidee(Hamburg) 37:58.1986. Distribution: Indrytomoistscrubforests,oftennearthesea.SaltPond(A758)White Cliffs(A2721).AlsoknownfromGuanaIsland,St.Thomas,Anegada,Tortola,andVirgin GordaCulebraandCayoLuisPea. Commonname: dancinglady. 2.Tolumniavariegata (Sw.)Braem,Orchidee(Hamburg)37:59.1986. Distribution: Ontwigsofshrubsandsmalltrees,mostlyinundisturbedvegetationofdry andmoistareas.TrailtoSieben(A2071)FishBay(A3910).AlsoknownfromSt.Croix,St. Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordatheGreaterAntilles,exceptJamaica.

9.VANILLAPlum.exMill. Keytothespecies 1.Leavesshorterthantheinternodes,earlydeciduousV.barbellata 1.Leaveslongerthantheinternodes,persistentV.planifolia 1.Vanillabarbellata Rchb.f.,Flora48:274.1865.

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Distribution: Climbingvineindrytomoistscrubforests.EuropaBay(A4142).Also reportedfromSt.ThomasandVirginGordaPuertoRico,theBahamas,CubaandFlorida. 2.Vanillaplanifolia G.Jackson inAndrews,Bot.Repos.8:t.538.1808. Distribution: NativetoMexico,introducedasacropplant,persistentinmoisthabitats. Bordeaux(A4058).AlsoreportedfromSt.CroixandSt.ThomastheWestIndiesandMexicoto SouthAmerica. Commonname: vanilla.

17.POACEAE
_______________________________________ (GrassFamily) ByR.D.WebsterandP.M.Peterson Keytothegenera 1.Culms(1)230mtallorlong,lignifiedandperennialleavesdimorphic,thoseoftheculm differentfromthoseofthefoliagecomplimentsummitofleafsheathbearingoralsetae. 2.Planterectculms512cmdiam.foliageleaves12301.54cm,lanceolate,flat,alternately arrangedonthebranchculmleaves3045cmlongandaboutaswide Bambusa 2.Plantscandentculms<1.5cmwidefoliageleaves2120.020.1cmwide,filiformand tightlyinvolute,arrangedincapillarywhorlsculmleaves<5cmlong,13mmwide Arthrostylidium 1.Culmsusuallymuchlessthan2mtall,herbaceous,annualorperennialleavesthesameonthe culmasthosebornealongthebranchessummitofleafsheathneverbearingoralsetae. 3.Spikeletsusuallypaired,onesessileorsubsessileandtheotherpedicellate,oftendimorphic andwiththepedicellatespikeletmuchreduced,ifnotpaired,thenspikeletsinreadily disarticulatingracemesortheupperflorethyaline,geniculatelyawned. 4.Pedicelsandrachisinternodeswithathincentrallongitudinalgrooveappearingasa translucentstripelowerglumeofthesessilespikeletwithaconspicuouscircularpit. Bothriochloa 4.Pedicelsandrachisinternodeswithoutathincentrallongitudinalgroovelowerglumeof thesessilespikeletwithoutacircularpit. 5.Inflorescencecomposeofasolitaryraceme. 6.Sessilespikeletwithalemmatalawn612cmlong,glumesdarkbrowncallus heavilybearded,thehairscopperybrown Heteropogon 6.Sessilespikeletwithalemmatalawn<1.3cmlongglumesstrawcolored,callus beardedorglabrous,thehairswhitish.Schizachyrium 5.Inflorescencescomposeof29racemes. 7.Foliage notaromaticorlemonscentedinflorescencealarge,broomlike,compound mass,therachisstraightracemeserecttoslightlydivergent,borneuponunequal, teretebases.Andropogon 7.Foliagearomatic,lemonscentedinflorescenceanopen,looselyarrangedgroupof racemesalongazigzaggingrachisracemesusuallydroopingandsinuous,deflexed atmaturityandborneuponsubequal,flattenedbases(cultivated)Cymbopogon 3.Spikeletsnotpairedordimorphic,orifpaired,thenneitherinreadilydisarticulatingracemes, northeupperfloretgeniculatelyawned. 8.Spikeletsunisexual,dimorphic[plantmonoecious].

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9.Pseudopetioles860mmlong,twistedatthesummittoinvertthebladebladeswith obliquesecondaryvenationpistillatespikeletswithfloretscoveredwithhookedhairs Pharus 9.Pseudopetioles47mmlong,nottwistedatthesummitbladeswithparallel venationpistillatespikeletswithfloretsnevercoveredwithhookedhairs .Olyra 8.Spikeletsbisexual,monomorphic. 10.Lemmasprominently3awned.Aristida 10.Lemmasawnlessorawnedbutnever3awned. 11.Spikeletswiththelowerfloretusuallybisexual,notreduced,theupperfloretusually sterileandreducedfloret(s)fallingfromthepersistentglumes. 12.Inflorescenceadigitateorsubdigitateterminalclusterof2manyspikelike racemes. 13.Spikeletswithonlyasinglebisexualfloret(sterileorstaminatefloretsalso present)fruitwithanadnatepericarporouterwall,notseparatingupon hydration. 14.Inflorescencewith715racemeslemmasawnedspikelets2several flowered Chloris 14.Inflorescencewith35racemeslemmasawnlessspikelets1flowered andwitharachillainternodeprolongedasasterilerudiment. Cynodon 13.Spikeletswith2manybisexualflorets(sterileorstaminatefloretsmayalso bepresent)fruitwithafreepericarporouterwall,thisseparatingupon hydration. 15.Upperglume1nervedandawnedprimaryinflorescencebranchesterminatinginabare pointorbristleplantsoftenstoloniferous .Dactyloctenium 15.Upperglume35nervedandunawnedprimaryinflorescencebranchesterminatingina spikeletplantslackingstolons Eleusine 12.Inflorescenceanarrowtoopenpanicleorgroupofracemoselyarrangedracemes,the branchesarrangedalongacentralrachis,andsometimesveryshort. 16.Inflorescenceformingglomerulesof(1)25spikeletsupperglumeswithrowsofhooked spinesalongthenerves Tragus 16.Inflorescencenotformingsmallglomerules,usuallycontainingmanymore spikelets upperglumeswithouthookedspineslocatedalongthenerves. 17.Inflorescenceof1many,moreorlessspicateracemes,thespikeletsarrangedintwo rowsalongtherachis. 18.Spikeletsnotfallingentireatmaturity,usuallydisarticulating betweentheflorets andabovetheglumesplantsusuallylessthan1mtall,annualsorperennialsof shortduration,withoutrhizomes. 19.Inflorescence1015cmwidewithmorethan15primarybranchesspikelets 2.24.3mmlong,37floweredlemmas1.82.5mmlong,excludingtheawns blades1032cmlong,712mmwide,claspingnearbasewithyellowish dewlapscaryopsis11.3mmlongstamens2.Leptochloa 19.Inflorescence25cmwidewithonly37primarybranchesspikelets69mm long,2floweredlemma4.57mmlong,excludingtheawnblades36cm

638
long,24mmwide,notclaspingnearbaseandwithoutdewlapscaryopsis3 3.5mmlongstamens3 Bouteloua 18.Spikeletsfallingordisarticulatingasaunitatmaturityplantsusually12meterstall, stoutperennialswithwelldevelopedrhizomes. 20.Spikelets1flowered,712mmlongsheathsglabroustoscabrous,neverwithatuftof softhairsjustbelowandtoonesideoftheliguleglumes312mmlong,theupperat leastaslongasorlongerthanthespikeletlemma5.58.5mmlonganthers35mm long Spartina 20.Spikelets26flowered,2.56mmlongsheathsciliatewithlongsofthairsintuftsjust belowandtoonesideoftheligule,thehairs12.5mmlongglumes12.5mmlong, bothshorterthanthespikeletlemmas1.82.8mmlonganthers12mmlong Uniola 17.Inflorescenceanopentocontractedpanicle,thespikeletsnotarrangedintworowsalong therachis 21.Spikelets1flowered Sporobolus 21.Spikelets2manyflowered Eragrostis 11.Spikeletswiththelowerfloretreduced,eitherstaminateorsterile(rarelypistillateorbisexual), theupperfloretbisexualspikeletsusuallyfallingentirefromthesummitofthepedicel. 22.Rachisterminatinginaspikelet. 23.Lowerglumefusedwiththecallustoformacup Eriochloa 23.Lowerglumenotfusedwiththecallusorabsent. 24.Lemmaofupperfloretwithflatmargins. 25.Disarticulationatthebaseoftheprimarybranchespedicelsabsentlodicules absent.Anthephora 25.Disarticulationatthespikeletbasepedicelspresentlodiculespresent. 26.Upperfloretmembranoustochartaceousspikeletslaterallycompressed spikeletsnotdistinctly1sidedordistichous.Rhynchelytrum 26.Upperfloretcartilaginousto induratespikeletsplanoconvexprimarybrancheswith 1sidedordistichousspikelets. 27.Lemmaofthelowerflorettowardtherachisculminternodesusuallysolid Axonopus 27.Lemmaofthelowerfloretawayfromtherachisculminternodesusuallyhollow. Digitaria 24.Lemmaofupperfloretwithinvoluteorconvolutemargins. 28.Lemmaofupperfloretrugose.Urochloa 28.Lemmaofupperfloretnotrugose. 29.Lemmaofupperfloretdifferentiatedattheapex. 30.Spikeletstereteliguleamembrane oraciliatemembraneprimarybrancheswith spreadingsecondarybranches.Lasiacis 30.Spikeletsdorsiventrallycompressedorplanoconvexliguleafringeofhairsor absentprimarybrancheswithappressedsecondarybranches..Echinochloa 29.Lemmaofupperfloretnotdifferentiatedattheapex. 31.Lowerglumepresent. 32.Lowerglumeencirclingthespikeletbase.Panicum 32.Lowerglumenotencirclingthespikeletbase. 33.Lowerglumemuticoustoapiculatespikeletsabaxiallemmaofupperfloret dull Paspalum 33.Lowerglumeawnedspikeletsadaxiallemmaofupperfloretshiny Oplismenus

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31.Lowerglumeabsent. 34.Lemmaofthelowerflorettowardtherachispedicelsconcave Axonopus 34.Lemmaofthelowerfloretawayfromtherachispedicelsconvex Paspalum 22.Rachisterminatinginabristle. 35.Disarticulationatthespikeletbaselemmaofupperfloretrugose. 36.Mainaxiswithdistichousor1sidedprimarybranches.Paspalidium 36.Mainaxiswithprimarybranchesneitherdistichousor1sided.Setaria 35.Disarticulationatthebaseoftheprimarybrancheslemmaofupperfloretnot rugose. 37.Callusflaredatapex.Cenchrus 37.Callusprolongedbutnotflaredatapex.Pennisetum

1.ANDROPOGONL. 1.AndropogonbicornisL.,Sp.Pl.1046.1753. Distribution:Occasionalherbofdisturbedsites,clearings,oldpastures,andopen grasslands.Rosenberg(B305).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolaMexico,toArgentina includingtheWestIndies.

2.ANTHEPHORASchreb. 1.Anthephorahermaphrodita (L.)Kuntze,Revis.Gen.Pl.2:759.1891. Distribution: Occasionalgrassofdrytomoistdisturbedareas,wasteplaces,and pastures.YawziPointtrail(W557).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGorda throughouttropicalSouthAmericaandthewestIndies.

3.ARISTIDAL. 1.Aristidacognata Trin.&Rupr.,Mm.Acad.Imp.Sci.St.PtersbourgVI,5:127.1842. Distribution:Occasionalinrockysoilsandondryhillsides.Rosenberg(E3003)Bass Gut(Eggerss.n.).AlsoonSt.ThomasCuba,Hispaniola,LesserAntilles,andVenezuela.

4.ARTHROSTYLIDIUMRupr. 1.Arthrostylidiumfarctum (Aubl.)Soderstr.&Lourteig, Phytologia64:163.1987. Distribution: Occasionalinwoodedslopes,forestmargins,anddrythickets.Alongroad toAjaxPeak(A2652).AlsoonSt.ThomasBahamas,Cuba,Hispaniola,andPuertoRico.

5.AXONOPUSP.Beauv. 1.Axonopuscompressus(Sw.)P.Beauv.,Ess.Agrostogr.154.1812.

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Distribution:Anoccasionalroadsideweed.BethanytoRosenberg(B282)Bordeaux (A2615)Lameshur(W311).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.Thomasatropicalandsubtropicalweed, commonlyusedasalawngrass.

6.BAMBUSASchreb. 1.BambusavulgarisSchrad.exJ.C.Wendl.,Coll.Pl.2:26,pl.47.1808. Distribution:Uncommon,persistentaftercultivation.VisuallyrecordedatLEsperance. CultivatedandcommonlyescapedintheNewWorldtropicsanativeofSouthEastAsia. Commonname: bamboo.

7.BOTHRIOCHLOAKuntze 1.Bothriochloapertusa (L.)Camus,Ann.Soc.Linn.LyonII,76:164.1931. Distribution: Commonweedofopendisturbedareas.DittlifPoint(A3980)EastEnd (A3785)westernslopesofFishBay(A3913).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.Thomasnativetothe OldWorld,nownaturalizedintheWestIndies,CentralAmerica,Mexico,andthesouthernUnited States. Commonname: hurricanegrass.

8.BOUTELOUALag. 1.Boutelouaamericana (L.)Scribn.,Proc. Acad.Nat.Sci.Philadelphia50:306.1891. Distribution: Occasionalweedofopendisturbedareas.BethanytoRosenberg(B280) CoralBay(A4030)Lameshur(B633).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andVirginGordaMexico toBrazil,andtheWestIndies.

9.CENCHRUSL. Keytothespecies 1.Involucreofinterlockingspinesinonewhorl,usually<4mmwide,denselycrowdedonthe mainaxis.C.brownii 1.Involucrewithspinesemergingatirregularintervals,usually>4mmwide,notdenselycrowded onthemainaxis.C.echinatus 1.Cenchrusbrownii Roem.&Schult.,Syst.Veg.2:258. 1817. Distribution:Anoccasionalroadsideweed.ChocolateHole(A4068)HermanFarm (A822).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomassouthernUnitedStatestoBrazil,theWestIndiesand introducedintoAustralia. Commonnames: sandbur,sandspurs. 2.CenchrusechinatusL.,Sp.Pl.1050.1753.

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Distribution:Acommonherbofcoastalsandybeaches.GreatCruzBay(A788)Little Lameshur(A2020).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordaacommonweedof disturbedsoilsitesintropicalandwarmtemperateAmerica.

10.CHLORISSw. 1.Chlorisbarbata Sw.,Fl.Ind.Occ.1:200.1797. Distribution: Acommonweedofopendisturbedhabitats,oftennearthecoast.Center Lineroad(A1856)CruzBay(A858)FishBay(A3882).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortola andVirginGorda(acc.toBrittonandWilson,1924)worldwideintropicalandwarmtemperate regions,nativetotheNewWorld.

11.CYNODONRich. 1.Cynodondactylon (L.)Pers.,Syn.Pl.1:85.1805. Distribution: Occasionalinpasturesanddisturbedhabitats.CinnamonBay(M17088) Emmaus(A2003)alongroadfromFishBaytoCoccolobaKey(A2813).Nowcosmopolitanin tropicalandwarmtemperateregions,butapparentlynativetoAfrica. Commonname: Bermudagrass.

12.DACTYLOCTENIUMWilld. 1.Dactylocteniumaegyptium (L.)Willd.,Enum.Pl.1029.1809. Distribution: Commonincultivatedfieldsanddisturbed areas.WesternslopeofFish Bay(A3916)Invic.ofBordeaux(A2629)EastEnd(A3790).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St. Thomas,andTortolanativetotheOldWorld,nowwidespreadthroughthetropicsandsubtropics.

13.DIGITARIAHaller About250speciesfromthetropicsandwarmtemperateregions. Keytothespecies 1.Spikeletscoveredwithlongsilkyhairsspikeletsgreaterthan3.9mmlong.D.insularis 1.Spikeletswithoutlongsilkyhairsspikeletslessthan3.8mmlong. 2.Upperfloretbrown,muricateprimarybranchesnotwinged D.hitchcockii 2.Upperfloretyellow,striateprimarybranchesdistinctlywinged. 3.Spikeletsgreaterthan2.8mmlong D.ciliaris 2.Spikeletslessthan2.8mmlong.D.horizontalis 1.Digitariaciliaris(Retz.)Koel.,Descr.Gram.27.1802. Distribution:Occasionalweedofopendisturbedareas.HermanFarm(M17087) Lameshur(W334).Foundthroughoutthetropicsandsubtropicsoftheworld. 2.Digitariahitchcockii (Chase)Stuck.,AnnuaireConserv.Jard.Bot.Gneve17:287.1914.

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Distribution:Occasionalinopendisturbedhabitats.RamHead(W189).Known otherwisefromTexasandMexico. 3.DigitariahorizontalisWilld.,Enum.Pl.92.1809. Distribution:Occasionalweedofopendisturbedplaces.Bordeaux(W189)Lameshur (A3211).AlsoonSt.Thomasthroughoutthetropicsandsubtropicsoftheworld. 4.Digitariainsularis(L.)MezexEkman,Ark.Bot.11:17.1912. Distribution:Commonroadsideweed.Bordeaux(A3800)CenterLineroad(A2619) MahoBay(A1943).AlsoonSt.ThomasthroughtropicalandsubtropicalAmerica.

14.ECHINOCHLOAP.Beauv. 1.Echinochloacolona (L.)Link,Enum.Hort.Berol.2:209.1833. Distribution:Commoninmoist,disturbedplaces.Enighed(A5099)FishBay (A2811). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolathroughoutthetropicsandsubtropicsoftheworld, originallynativetoOldWorld.

15.ELEUSINEGaertn. 1.Eleusineindica (L.)Gaertn.,Fruct.Sem.Pl.1:8.1788. Distribution: Occasionalindisturbedpasturesandalongroadsides,introducedfromthe OldWorld.BordeauxMt.(A2613,A3803,A3851).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortola worldwideinwarmclimates. Commonname: Dutch grass. 16.ERAGROSTISWolf Keytothespecies 1.Paniclesopen,cylindricaltonarrowlyovateorovatelanceolate,17cmwidebranches ascendingandspreadingusually0.54cmlongbaseofpaniclebranchesatjunctionofculm axiswithafewscatteredhairsspikeletswithpedicelsofmainculmaxisbearingafewhairs spikeletswithpedicels0.87mmlong E.amabilis 1.Paniclescontracted,narrowandglomerate,usuallylessthan1.4cmwidebranchesascending, usuallylessthan2.5cmlongbaseofpaniclebranchesatjunctionofculmaxisglabrous spikeletscommonlysessileorwithpedicelslessthan1mmlong E.ciliaris 1.Eragrostisamabilis(L.)Wight&ArnottinHook.&Arnott,Bot.BeecheyVoy.251.1838. Distribution: Occasionalinopendisturbedareas.Emmaus(A2000)Lameshur(A3210, B501).AlsoonSt.CroixnativetotheOldWorld,naturalizedintheNewWorld. 2.Eragrostisciliaris(L.)R.Br.inTuckey, Narr.Exped. Zaire478.1818. Distribution:Occasionalweedofgrassy,openareas.CinnamonBay(W368)CoralBay (W795a)CruzBayGut(W792).NativetothePaleotropics,nownaturalizedintheNewWorld.

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17.ERIOCHLOAKunth 1.Eriochloapunctata (L.)Desv.exHam., Prodr.Pl.Ind. Occ.5.1825. Distribution:Occasionalherbofwettodry,openareas.Bordeaux(W66)Lameshur (W523c).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolasouthernUnitedStatestoSouthAmerica andGreaterAntilles.

18.HETEROPOGONPers. 1.Heteropogoncontortus(L.)P.Beauv.exRoem.&Schult.,Syst.Veg.2:836.1817. Distribution:Occasionalgrassofdisturbedcoastalhabitats.EastEndHaulover(W596). AlsoonSt.Thomas(WaterIsland)andVirginGordapantropical.

19.LASIACIS(Griseb.)Hitchc. Keytothespecies 1.Liguleoftheupperleavesmorethan1.6mmlong 2.Primarybranchesreflexedtospreadingsheathsglabrousorhairy L.ligulata 2.Primarybranchesappressedtospreadingsheathspapillosehispidorpubescent L. sorghoidea 1.Liguleoftheupperleaveslessthan1.6mmlong.L.divaricata 1.Lasiacisdivaricata (L.)Hitchc.,Contr.U.S.Natl.Herb.15:16.1910. Distribution:Commoninsecondaryvegetation.Bordeaux(A3795)Carolina(R1306) Kingshill(E3121).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andTortolasouthernFlorida,MexicotoSouth AmericaandtheWestIndies. 2.Lasiacisligulata Hitchc.&Chase,Contr.U.S.Natl.Herb.18:337.1917. Distribution:Occasionalinsecondaryvegetation,alongtrailsorroadsides.Trailto Sieben(A2688).AlsoonSt.ThomasthroughouttheWestIndiesandCentralAmericatoBolivia andBrazil. 3.Lasiacissorghoidea (Desv.)Hitchc.&Chase,Contr.U.S.Natl.Herb.18:338. 1917. Distribution:Occasionalindisturbedareas.Bordeaux(A3853)Susannaberg(A3844). AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasthroughouttheWestIndiesandMexicotoArgentina.

20.LEPTOCHLOAP.Beauv. 1.Leptochloavirgata (L.)P.Beauv.,Ess.Agrostogr.71.166,t.5,f.1.1812. Distribution:Occasionalweedofopendisturbed,moisttodryareas.Bordeaux(W436) MameyPeak(W552).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomassouthernUnitedStates,Mexicoto ArgentinaandtheWestIndies.

21.OLYRAL.

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1.Olyralatifolia L.,Syst.Nat.ed.10,2: 1261.1759. Distribution:Occasionalinsecondaryvegetation.Bordeaux(W731)LEsperance (M17027).AlsoonSt.ThomasandTortolathroughouttheWestIndiesandMexicotoArgentina naturalizedinAfrica.

22.OPLISMENUSP.Beauv. 1.Oplismenushirtellus(L.)P.Beauv.,Ess.Agrost.54.1812. Distribution:Occasionalinforestunderstoryandshadedroadbanks.CinnamonBay (W635)SolomonBeach(A2289)Susannaberg(A3843).AlsoonSt.Thomasthroughoutthe tropics.

23.PANICUML. 1.Panicumdiffusum Sw.,Prodr.23.1788. Distribution:KnownonSt.JohnfromasinglecollectionofEggers(3068)without specificlocality(Hitchcock,1936).AlsoonBuckIsland,St.CroixandSt.Thomasthroughout theWestIndies.

24.PASPALIDIUMStapf 1.Paspalidiumgeminatum (Forssk.)Stapf,Fl.Trop.Afr.9:583.1920. Distribution:Uncommon,foundinopen,moistareas.Lameshur(B611)JohnsFolly (W528).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.Thomasthroughoutthetropicsandwarmtemperateregionsof theworld.

25.PASPALUML. Keytothespecies 1.Upperglumeandlowerlemmabroadlywingedtoproduceacircularspikelet P.fimbriatum 1.Upperglumeandlowerlemmanotbroadlywinged. 2.Racemes2,conjugate. 3.Spikelets<2mmlong P.conjugatum 3.Spikelets>2mmlong. 4.Lowerlemmamembranousleavesdistinctlydistichousspikeletstypically<1.6mm wide.P.vaginatum 4.Lowerlemmachartaceousleavesnotdistinctlydistichousspikeletstypically1.12.4 mmwide P.notatum 2.Racemesnotconjugate,usuallymorethan2. 5.Pedicelsaslongasthespikeletsspikeletslooselyimbricate P.molle 5.Pedicelsmuchshorterthanthespikeletsspikeletscloselyimbricate P.laxum 1.Paspalumconjugatum Berg.,ActaHelv.Phys.Math.7:129.1762.

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Distribution:Occasionalgrassofopendisturbedareas.CinnamonBay(W369).Alsoon St.CroixandSt.Thomasthroughoutthetropicsandsubtropics. 2.Paspalumfimbriatum Kunth inHumb., Bonpl.&Kunth,Nov.Gen.Sp.1: 93. 1816. Distribution:Commonroadsideweed.Bordeaux(A2630)CenterLineRoad(A2704) Susannaberg(M16577).AlsoonSt.CroixCentralAmericatoBrazilandtheWestIndies. 3.Paspalumlaxum Lam.,Tabl.Encycl.1:176.1791. Distribution:Acommonweedofdisturbed,openareas.ReefBaytrail(A2933) Rosenberg(B292)trailtoSieben(A2642).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix,St.Thomas,Tortolaand VirginGordathroughouttheWestIndies,andsouthernUnitedStatestoCentralAmerica. 4.PaspalummollePoir.inLam.,Encycl.5:34.1804. Distribution:Uncommonherbofmoistopenareas.Bordeaux(W62).AlsoonSt. ThomassouthernFlorida,MesoamericatonorthernSouthAmericaandtheWestIndies. 5.Paspalumnotatum Flgg,Monogr.Paspalum106.1810. Distribution:Uncommonherbofdisturbedsites.Lameshur(W847)MariaBluff (W801).AlsoonSt.ThomasCentralandSouthAmerica. 6.Paspalumvaginatum Sw.,Prodr.21.1788. Distribution:Uncommoncoastalherb.FishBay(W808).AlsoonSt.Croixand Tortolathroughoutthetropicsandsubtropics.

26.PENNISETUMRich. 1.Pennisetumclandestinum Chiov.,Ann.Inst.Bot.Roma8:41.1903. Distribution:Anoccasionalherbofopendisturbedareas.CinnamonBay(W855). NativeoftropicalAfrica,introducedintotheNewWorldasaforagegrass. 27.PHARUSP.Br. 1.PharuslappulaceusAubl.,Hist.Pl.Guiane2:859.1775. Distribution:Acommonherbofforestunderstory.Bethany(B223)Bordeaux(A3852). FoundthroughouttheWestIndiesandMexicotoArgentinaand Paraguay.

28.RHYNCHELYTRUMNees 1.Rhynchelytrum repens(Willd.) C.E.Hubb.,Kew.Bull. 1934:110. 1934. Distribution:Acommonroadsideweed.Annaberg(W853)PeterPeak (A4106).Also onSt.ThomaswidelyintroducedthroughouttheWestIndiesandwarmtotemperateNorth AmericanativetoAfrica.

29.SCHIZACHYRIUMNees

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1.Schizachyriumsanguineum (Retz.)Alston,Suppl.Fl. Ceylon334.1931. Distribution:Occasionalgrassofcoastalareas.DitlifPoint(W650).AlsoonSt.Croix pantropical. 30.SETARIAP.Beauv. Keytothespecies 1.Bristlespresentonlyattheterminationoftheprimarybranch S.utowanaea 1.Bristlespresentbeneatheachspikelet S.setosa 1.Setariasetosa (Sw.)P.Beauv.,Ess.Agrost.51,171.1812. Distribution:Acommonherbofopen,drytomoistareas.FishBay(W470)Lameshur (W430)MargaretHill(W530).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,andVirginGordaWestIndiesto northernSouthAmerica. 2.Setariautowanaea (Scribn.exMillsp.)Pilg.,Nat.Pflanzenfam.ed.2,14e:72. 1940. Distribution:Uncommongrassofdryforestunderstory.FrancisBay(W537).Alsoon AnegadaCuba,PuertoRicoandLesserAntilles.

31.SPARTINASchreb. 1.Spartinapatens(Aiton)Muhl.,Descr.Gram.55.1817. Distribution: Occasionalonsandybeaches.CaneelBay(W177)SolomonBay(A2285). AlsoonSt.CroixeasternNorthAmericatotheCaribbean,introducedtoEurope.

32.SPOROBOLUSR.Br. Keytothespecies 1.Plantsstronglyrhizomatousand/orstoloniferousculmswidelycreepinginrowswithvirgate branchingleavesstronglydistichousorappearingsuboppositeplantspredominantlycoastal, insalinehabitats S.virginicus 1.Plantscespitose,withoutwidelycreepingrhizomesorstolons,notbranchingasaboveleaves notdistichousplantsofvarioushabitats. 2.Cespitose,longlivedannualsorperennialsspikelets1.32.7mmlongpaniclesnarrow, contracted,withascendingandappressedbranches,floriferousnearbase,thepedicels appressedcaryopses0.81.1mmlong,oblong.S.indicus 2.Delicate,shortlivedannualsspikelets0.71.1mmlongpaniclesdiffuse,withspreadingto reflexedbranches,nakednearbase,thepedicelswidelyspreadingcaryopses0.50.7mm long,broadlypyriform.S.tenuissimus 1.Sporobolusindicus(L.)R.Br.,Prodr.Fl.Nov.Holl.1: 170.1810. Distribution: Occasionalinopendisturbedhabitats. EastEnd(A2744).AlsoonSt. CroixandSt.Thomaspantropical,averypolymorphicspeciesascurrentlyrecognized. 2.Sporobolustenuissimus(Schrank)Kuntze,Revis.Gen.Pl.3:369.1898.

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Distribution: Uncommon.KnownonSt.JohnonlyfromasinglecollectionbyRaunkir (1383).AlsoonTortolaandSt.Croixnowpantropical,butperhapsoriginallynativetotheNew World. 3.Sporobolusvirginicus(L.)Kunth,Rvis.Gramin.1:67.1829. Distribution: Acommongrassofsandybeaches,coastaldunes,andsalinehabitats. DittlifPoint(A3963)LittleLameshur(A2019)ReefBay(A2729).AlsoonAnegada,St.Croix, andSt.Thomaspantropical.

33.TRAGUSHaller 1.TragusberteronianusSchult.inRoem.&Schult.,Syst.Veg.2:205.1824. Distribution:Anoccasionalweedofopen,drydisturbedhabitats.DrunkBay(A5064) NannyPoint(A2452).AlsoonSt.CroixandSt.ThomasnativetotheOldWorld,nowa pantropicalweed.

34.UNIOLAL. 1.Uniolavirgata (Poir.)Griseb.,Fl.Brit.W.I.531.1864. Distribution:Locallycommon,inopenexposedareasespeciallyalongthecoast.Maria Bluff(A1980)ReefBay(W326).AlsoonLittleSt.JamesandSt.ThomasthroughouttheWest Indies.

35.UROCHLOAP.Beauv. Keytothespecies 1.Primarybranchespaniculatewithspreading secondarybranches,whorledatthelowermost inflorescencenode U.maxima 1.Primarybranchesracemosewithappressedsecondarybranches,notwhorledatthelowermost inflorescencenode. 2.Upperglumeandlowerlemmareticulatenerved,glabrousspikeletstypically<3mm long U.fasciculatum 2.Upperglumeandlowerlemmanotreticulatenerved,pubescentspikeletstypically> 3mmlong U.adspersa 1.Urochloaadspersa (Trin.)R.D.Webster,Syst.Bot.13: 607.1988. Distribution:Occasionalinopendisturbedareas.Bethany(B334)FishBay(W491). AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas,TortolaandVirginGordawarmtemperateNorthAmericato tropicalSouthAmericaandtheWestIndies. 2.Urochloafasciculatum (Sw.)R.D.Webster,Australian Paniceae235.1987[1988]. Distribution:Acommonroadsideweed.Bordeaux(A3798)GreatCruzBay(A2354) FishBay(A3884).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.ThomasandTortolasouthernUnitedStatestoSouth AmericaandtheWestIndies,introducedinAustralia.

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3.Urochloamaxima (Jacq.)R.D.Webster, AustralianPaniceae241.1987[1988]. Distribution:Anoccasionalweed.FishBay(A3887)Lameshur(W845).AlsoonSt. CroixandSt.ThomasoriginallynativetoAfrica,widelyintroducedandnaturalizedinthetropics andsubtropicsforpastureimprovement. Commonname: guineagrass. Cultivatedspecies: Cymbopogoncitratus(DC.)Stapfcommonlyknownaslemongrass wasreportedbyWoodburyandWeaver(1987)asoccurringonSt.John,thespecies,however,is onlyknownincultivation.

18.POTAMOGETONACEAE
_______________________________________ (Pondweed Family) ByMarkT.Strong 1.RUPPIAL. 1.Ruppiamaritima L.,Sp.Pl.127.1753. Distribution: Inshallowbrackishtosalinewatersoflagoons,ponds,andpools.Coral BayQuarterinintermittentbrackishpoolbyentrancetoFortsberg(A2421).AlsoonSt.Croix andSt.Thomascosmopolitan.

19.SMILACACEAE
_______________________________________ (SarsaparillaFamily) 1.SMILAXL. 1.Smilaxcoriacea Spreng.,Syst.Veg.2:103.1825. Distribution:Occasionalinopendisturbedareas.CoralBayQuarteralongroadto Bordeaux(A3818)ReefBayQuarteratLameshur(B522).AlsoonSt.Croix,St.Thomas, TortolaandVirginGordaHispaniola,PuertoRico(includingVieques)andtheLesserAntilles.