Conservation Equations (contd)

Consider a specific quantity

Could be momentum per unit mass, enthalpy per unit
mass..
Write conservation statement for for control volume of size
(x y z)
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Conservation Equations (contd)
Accumulation of in control volume over time step t =
Net influx of into control volume
- Net efflux of out of control volume
+ Net generation of inside control volume
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Conservation Equations (contd)
Accumulation:
Generation:
Influx and Efflux:
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Diffusion and Convection Fluxes
Diffusion Flux
Convection
Flux
Net flux
Velocity Vector
Diffusion coefficient

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Combining
Taking limit as x, y, z -> 0
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General Scalar Transport Equation
Or, in vector form:
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General Scalar Transport Equation
Storage Convection Diffusion Generation
Recall: | is a specific quantity (energy per unit mass
say)
V : velocity vector
I: Diffusion coefficient
: density
S: Source term (Generation per unit volume W/m
3
)
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Continuity Equation
0 ) ( = V +
c
c
V

t
Here,
|= 1
I= 0
S = 0
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Energy Equation
h = sensible enthalpy per unit mass, J/kg
k = thermal conductivity
S
h
= energy generation W/m
3
Note: h in convection and storage terms
T in diffusion terms
How to cast in the form of the general scalar transport
equation?
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Energy Equation (contd)
Equation of State
Substitute to Find
Here,
|= h
I= k/C
p
S = S
h
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Momentum Equation
X-Momentum Equation
j
i
ij
j i
u
u
x x
t
| |
c
c
= +
|
|
c c
\ .
Here,
|= u
I=
S = S
u
-
p
x
c
c
S is good dumping ground for
everything that doesnt fit into
the other terms
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Species Transport Equation
Y
i
= kg of specie i /kg of mixture
I
i
= diffusion coefficient of i in mixture i
R
i
= reaction source
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