yYnUbniykmµk`¨gsm&y

ehgsMrin-h~unEsn
edIm∫I[®bCaCnKS®T yYnVnerobcMdak'ehg-sMrin, GtItExµrevotmij
enACayEdnyYn-s√ayerog [eFI√Ca®bFanrdΩTIgemag ehIyE®beQµaH®suk
ExµrCa « kmı¨Ca®bCamanitu » EtyYnk†ab'®tYt®tarbbenHnigsgmExµrdl'CM-
erA x¬SgCagsm&ye®TOg-mijy"ag e®CACagGaNaniKmVrSgeTAeTot . em
dwknShU-CImijVnsikßaBIbraC&yPaBk~¨gkareFI√evotNamUbniykmµkmı¨Camin
sMercCMnan'kß®tIExµrGgmIu . e®JHmkBIehtuGI√eTIbyYnUbniykmµenaHminsMer
c ? e®JH –
1- emdwknSyYnminVnsikßaBIsgmExµr[Vne®CA®CH . yYnX¬M¨ykEt
es†cExµrCab'k~¨gkN†ab'´d eKk*manCMenOfa eKGacrMlay®sukExµr Caext†yYn
CaBit®Vkd . yYnGack†ab'VnEtTI®kug EttamCnbT PUmi XMu yYnminVnKit
KUresaH . enHehIyCacen¬aHp¬trbs'emT&Be®TOg-mijy"ag k~¨gkareFI√yYnUb
niykmµkmı¨CaTSgmUlminVnsMercenaH .
2- emyYnminsal'Twkcit†®bCaraÂs†Exµr. Exµrsm&yenaHeK®sLaj'eKa
rBes†cNas' Tukes†cCamças'elIsirisa Camças'EpndI . karEdlyYncab'
XMues†cExµr CakarmYybJÇak'fa yYnmanbMNgrMlayvgßkß®tExµr ehIy
ykyYn[mkeFI√Caes†celIraÂs†Exµrvij . mYyvijeTot raÂs†ExµrmincUlcit†
[Cati´ssasn_ mkeFI√karbgi≈tbg≈MeKeT .
3- emdwknSyYnnigTahanyYnminecHPasaExµr EdlCakarmYyBiVkk~¨g
kar®V®s&yTak'Tg[yl'cit†Exµrpg nigCaBiessBiVkk~¨gkaresIubykka
rNs
_ m©at'BIclnatsflUExµrpg .
4- yYnminsal'PUmisaÂs†TwkdIExµr EdlCakarBiVkk~¨gkar®tYt®ta .
5- karykBuTÏsasnamhayanmkbg≈M[ExµrTSg®beTs®BmTTYl nig
eFI√kareKarB®BHsgÙyYnEdles¬økexaGavpʨyBIs∫g'cIBr rMlayvt†Garam
®BHviharExµr rYcsg'viharEbbyYn bg≈M[®sIExµres¬økGavbMBg'EvgrebobyYn
[mÂnI†ExµreronPasayYn CakarmYy®bqSgnwgTMenomTMlab'rbs'Exµr EdlV
nGnuvt†rab'Jn'q~SmkehIy .
6- karEdlyYne®bIGMeBIkaceXareXAmkelIraÂs†Exµr bg˙ajExµr[emIl
eXIjfayYnmanbMNgrMlayCatiExµr®beTsExµrCaBit®VkdNas' .
7- EpnkaryYnEdl®bugdkecAh√ayext†ExµrehIyykyYnmkCMnYnvij
enaH VneFI√[ecAh√ayext†ExµrrYbrYm´dCamYy®bCaraÂs†vaykMcat'yYnvij .
buB√ehtuTSg7®bkarenHehIyEdleFI√[ExµrecHrYbrYmK~a e®kakeLIgbg˚Ca

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®kumCasµ&®KbkßBYkbHeVrTUTSg®beTsExµr ®bqSgtTl'nwgs®tUvbreTs
Edlcg'rMlaysasnE_ xµr rMlay®beTsExµr . karsnµt'K~a®Kb'embH eFI√kar
eVssMGatyYnTSgTahanTSgsIuvil kML¨g8´f©TUTSg®beTsExµr eFI√[em
T&ByYne®TOg-mijy"agminGacTb'Tl'VneLIy ehIyeTaHbICae®TOg-mij
y"agVnb†ËrEpnkar®bugeVkraÂs†Exµr eday®Bmykvgßkß®tExµrGgmIumk
[esayraC¥vijenaH k*vaCakarhYseBleTAehIyEdr e®JHraÂs†ExµrElg
eCOElgTukcit†yYnfamancit†esµaH®tg' mineVk®Vs'eTot dUcsuPasitExµr
EtgrMlwk®Vb'kUnecAfa – « esomminecalk∫Án yYnminecalBut » . EfmBI
elIenHeTAeTotenaH ®Bwti†karN_ « kMBb'EtGug » k*eTIbEtnwgkn¬geTAfIµ@ Cag
10q~Sb"ueNˆaH EdlkaleNaHyYnVneFI√karsm¬ab'ExµredayPaBsahav´®B
´pßhYsehtueBkk~¨gkardΩanCIkE®Bk « vijet » . ®Bwti†karNk
_ MBb'EtGugenH
dUntaEm"“Exµr elIkElgEtes†cExµrmYyecj EtgelIkykmktMNal®Vb'
kUnecA[cgcS sal'BIcit†KMnityYn bMNgrbs'yYn . eTaHbICaemdwknSExµr
mYyk†ab'tUc®sLaj'yYnk*eday EtraÂs†Exµr®sTab'e®kammin®sLaj' min
cUlcit†yYnesaHeLIy e®JHyYnCaCatisasnm
_ anButt∫¨t ®klic®kluc
Nas' EtExµrminEmnmanKMnit®bkan'BUCsasn_ Racialist rebobdUck~¨gsgm
GaemrikSgsm&ymun EdlesµrbreTsx¬HVnsresrenaHeT .
ehtudUec~HehIy edIm∫I®kesabelb®beTsExµr k~¨gdMeNIreqıaHmkTis
xaglicelIkTI2eTotenaH hU-CImijVnerobEpnkarvay"aglÌitlÌn' ®BmTSg
sikßa®sav®CavBIbuB√ehtu´nbraC&yrbs'dUntava EdleFI√evotNamUbniykmµ
kmı¨CaminVnsMercenaH .
EpnkarfIµrbs'hU-CImijKW –
1- erobcMsgmExµr[pʨyxus®sLHBIsgmb"ul-Bt .
2- eFI√[Exµr®sLaj'yYn EkE®b®bvti†saÂs† fayYnCamit†mkCYyExµr .
3- Bg√k'[ExµrqÁtveg√g BukrlYy rSErk ®sIjI bJçËl®sIyYn[mkeFI√Ca
®bBnÏcugBYkemdwknSFM@ nigBYkGaC∆aFrExµrehg-sMrin .
4- yk®kumExµrevotmijmkdwknS®sukExµr .
5- e®bIviFankarBn¥aeBl edIm∫IerobcM´pÊk~¨g nig[ExµreP¬cenOyNay
pßS[raÂs†ExµrGacrs'enAe®kamkar®tYt®tarbs'yYn [mtiBiPBelak®BmTTY
lsal'rbbGay"gehgsMrin-hflunEsn ®BmTTYldwgæ Status quo k~¨gsƒa
nPaB®sukExµrsB√´f© fayYnCamças'´nkmı¨Ca .
6- ykniKmyYnmktSgenAelITwkdIExµr[kan'Ete®cIn edIm∫ItamBinit¥s
kmµPaBExµr bg˚at'BUCExµryYn[mankUnkat'yYnExµrkan'Ete®cIn . enHKWCaEpn
karrMlayCatiExµrk~¨gry:eBlEvgmYy EdlyYnVnF¬ab'eFI√mkVneCaKC&y
rYcehIyenA®beTscam nigfIµ@k~¨gcugstvtßTI19nigedImstvtßTI20enH
enAkmı¨Cae®kam .

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 k~¨gbMNgmYyeTotEdr KW[ehg-sMrin, hflun-EsnTTYlykBYkniKm
yYnfIµ@enH [cUlCasJÇatiExµrTSgGs' k~¨gbMNgykQ~H ebI®bsinCaGg
karsh®bCaCatibg≈M[mankareVHeq~atenaH .
7- bMpuselIkykEtBIå®kidΩkmµ EtGMBIe®KaHf~ak'rbs'Exµr®khmmk®V
b'mtiCatiExµrk~¨g®beTs nigCaBiessBiPBelak edIm∫IbwTVMgnUvå®kidΩkmµ
rbs'yYnmkelIraÂs†Exµr nigbwTVMgeKalbMNgyYn k~¨gkarelb®beTs
ExµrrYmeFI√shB&nÏ≤NÎËcineTAGnaKt .
k~¨gviFankarNy
_ kQ~HelIBYkExµr®khm bMP&n†mtiBiPBelak nigelb
®sukExµry"agq©aj' dUcyYnelb®beTscamnig®beTslavenaH yYnnigGa-
y"gehg-sMrin eFI√CaebIk[manesrIPaB (Ek¬gk¬ay) ®bCaCnGacedIrcuHeLI
gVn Et®tUvmanlixitGnuJÔatedIrp¬Ëv (eK®tUvcayluysUkeTIbVnlixit
enaH) G~kNaenA®sukNaGacvileTArs'enA®sukenaHvij . begI˚t®kdas'®V
k'eVHedayevotNam ykmkTijePaKplExµry"agefakdwkecjeTAe®kA®b
eTse®kamyIeha Product of Vietnam . ebIk[manpßarlk'dUr ebIksala
eron viT¥al&y EteKmin[sikßaBI®bvti†Exµr min[sikßaBIGkßrsaÂs†ExµresaH
eLIy . eKbe®gon[kUnExµrecH®sLaj'yYn fayYnlÌ yYnCamit†mkCYy
Exµr . sisßEdlCab'mF¥msikßab&®tPaKTI2 ( Bacc II ) ehIy minGacyk
cMeNHeTAbMerI®sukVneLIy . rbs'Gs'TSgenHEdleKbegI˚teLIg va®Kan'
EtCabMNgbg˙ajBiPBelak[eXIj ehIyKS®TrbbGay"g sÌb'rbbb"ul-
Bt ehIyeP¬csUn¥QwgEtm†gBIevotNamUbniykmµkmı¨CaTSgmUlCa « ®tan'
tayfaj'» rbs'yYn .
eKalbMNgrbs'hU-CImijVnsMercCasƒaBrehIy edaysav&kKat'V
nedIrtammaK·a®tayTuk ehIyykVnkmı¨CaTSgmUlk~¨g´f©TI7 mkar 1979 .
y Y n v a d a k ' E x µ r e v o t m i j E d l T T Y l k a r G b ' r M e n A h a N U y C M n a n ' T I 1 (14)
ehg-sMrin, GtItG~krt'BnÏ®CUkenAs√ayerog, [eFI√Ca®bFannaFibtIGay"g
kmı¨Ca rYcykBYkExµrevotmijCMnan'TI2[CYyeFI√kar EtyYnVndak's~gkarnig
P~ak'gar (®sIyYn®bBnÏcug) va[enA®tYt®tatamdanBYk®kumGay"gehg-sMrin,
hflun-Esn . esckI†sMercGI√@ …kar®tUveFI√y"agNa@enaH ®tUvEtsaksYresI~

(14) BYkCMnan'TI1KWBYkExµrevotmij EdltamyYneTAenAhaNUye®kaysni~siThßWENv

q~S1954 manGacar¥emon …sWg-g"ukmij, ehg-sMrin˘˘˘. BYkCMnan'TI2KWBYkekµg@nigBYk
CMTg'kUnExµr EdlyYncab'ykeTAGb'rMenAhaNUy cab'BIrvagq~S1952mk KWsm&y « ®b
mat'®bmg' …Gar"ab'cab'kUnekµg » manBYkEb"n-suvNˆ, Ca-swum, rs'-sm&yCaedIm . sB√
´f©BYkExµrevotmijCMnan'TI2enHman®bBnÏyYn ‰xH¬ edayyYncab'eTABIekµgeBk minTSg
sal'®sukkMeNIt …Em"“bgbÌËnpg . BYkCMnan'TI3 KWBYkekµgkM®JExµr EdlyYn®bmUlyk
eBlb"ul-BtVk'T&Brt'mkCayEdn´f . CMnan'TI3enH yYnnwgykmke®bIeTot ebIExµrrM-
edaH®sukrYcenAeBlenH .

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sMukaryl'®BmBIemdwknSyYnCamunsin ebItMNag…emdwknSyYnmin®Bm KWmi
nGaceFI√…cat'karVnTal'EtesaH .
EpnkarevotNamUbniykmµfIµenH KWyYnmine®KagdkecAh√ayext† ecA-
h√ay®sukExµr ehIydak'yYnmkCMnYsdUcEdle®TOg-mijy"ag (15) Vn
Gnuvt†tambJÇaes†cmij-m"agkalBIq~S1840 k~¨graCkß®tIGgmIuenaHeToteT.
yYnvaykExµrEdlVnTTYlkarGb'rMbÂJçk®TwsI†yYnUbniykmµenAhaNUy
CayUrq~SmkehIyenaH [®tYt®taraÂs†ExµrK~a‰g EtyYnva®tYtBIelIk∫alBYk
Gay"gehg-sMrin, hflun-Esnvij ehIyemdwknSyYnVnbg˚b'P~ak'gareKenA
k~¨g®sTab'GaC∆aFrehg-sMrin CaBiessenAk~¨g®sTab'®bCaCnExµrEtm†g edI
m∫IkMu[ExµregIbbHeVrrYcenAk~¨g®beTsExµrdUcsm&ye®TOg-mijy"ageTot .
buKlikFM@®Kb'®ksYg eTaHman®bBnÏExµrExµrrYceTAehIyk*eday k*®tUvEtyk
®bBnÏcugCayYnmYyeTot .
enAtamviT¥al&ynana eK[eronPasayYnCaPasaTI2cab'BIf~ak'TI5eLIg
eTA k~¨gmYyGaTit¥cMnYn2em"ag . tamlixitq¬geqI¬yrbs'elaktUc-QYg,
GtItG~kniBnÏesovePA «Vt'dMbgsm&yelakmças' » Vnsresr®Vb'fa –
enAtamviT¥al&ynana eK[eronPasayYnCaPasaTI2cab'BIf~ak'TI5eLIg
eTA k~¨gmYyGaTit¥cMnYn2em"ag . tamlixitq¬geqI¬yrbs'elaktUc-QYg,
GtItG~kniBnÏesovePA « Vt'dMbgsm&yelakmças' » Vnsresr®Vb'fa –
« sisßEdl®bLgDIb¬Ëm eKeFI√ Classement e®CIserIsykPaKry[cUlf~a
k'TI8 ( Classe de seconde BIedIm ) EtBinʨmindl'eKehAfaF¬ak'ekAGI ®tUvs˚k
edIrTat'x¥l' ®tUvV"c'eFI√Tahan . ®bLgsB√´f©eK®tUvkarluykak' Ga®kk'Ga
®kICagsm&yln'-nl'eTAeTot .˘˘˘ Et Taux vamindl' Cakar≤t®beyaCn_ .
niyayBIkMritviCÇasisßexßayhYsvis&y x¬HCab' Bac ehIyminecH Fraction
pg .
emdwknSyYnBg√k'Exµr®Kb'®ksYgrdΩ[Q¬k'veg√g BukrlYydl'qÌwg edIm∫I
gaykan'kab'®tYt®ta e®JHExµrm~ak'@KitEtBIbJ˙a®KYsar ®kBH ElgKitKUBICa
ti BI®beTs®tUvenACakJÇHyYn …eTACasIÌeTotehIy .
®KUbzmsikßaVn®Vk'Ex175erol ‰®KUmF¥msikßaVn250erolk~¨gmY
yEx . G~krdΩkarmF¥mVn®Vk'ExxÊg'200erol ‰BYkeha-NShug, Kg'-sM
Gul˘˘˘ VnxÊg'300erolk~¨gmYyEx EtBYkenHCiHLansuTÏEtm"akEmrsWEds
ebIKitCaluysnßM®Vk'Ex BYkenH®tUveFI√karcMnYnBIrryq~SeTIbTijLanFunenH
VnCiH .
edaysarBYkExµrevotmijsuTÏEtCamnusßl©g'ex¬A minGaceFI√[®bB&nÏdwk
nS®beTsedIreTAmuxVn yYnk*e®CIserIsykBYkCYrTI3 mkCYyeFI√karBYkGa-
y"gyYnenHman Kg'-sMGul ( GtItnisßitenA Georgia shrdΩGaemrik ),

(15) sUmGanCMBUkTI1 .

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eha-NShug nigBYkGtItraCkarCMnan'sIhnu nigBYkrdΩkarCMnan'saFarN-
rdΩmkCYyeTot . BYke®kayenH dMbUgeLIyeKykmk®Kan'EtCabMerIBYkCYrTI1
nigCYrTI2b"ueNˆaHeT Ete®kayEdlCYrTI1nigTI2Vk'EbkK~a bnÊab'BIyYncab'
Eb"n-suvNˆykeTAhaNUyVt'eTAenaH BYkCYrTI3 dUcCaKg'-sMGul, eha-
NShug k*VneLIgTwkmYykMrity"agxıs' ehIytSgx¬ÁnCakJÇHyYndac'´f¬Et
m†g e®JHEtGMNac .
e d I m ∫ I e F I √ [ ® k u m c ln a t sfl U E x µ r e x ß a y B Y k yY n Vn e F I √ n e ya V yT a k ' T a j
ykBYkExµrbreTsdUcCa – hSg-eg"a, Dit-®bn, Eb"l-Nal', y"g-Esm,
Giun-tS, qSg-sug˘˘˘.l. k~¨geKaledABIr – KWmYy[KS®TrbbGay"gehg-
sMrin, hflun-Esn nigeXasnarbbenH[ExµrenAbreTs nigmtibreTsTTYl
sal'rbbenH nigeKaledATI2 KWTak'TajykluyrUbiyvtƒ¨eTACYys†aresdΩ
kicçyYn EdlBYkenHVnrksIunSykluydul¬ar luyÂh√g'eTA[bgbÌËnenA
®sukExµr EtyYn®bmUlykrUbiyb&NˆTSgGs'eTA´®BnKr Tuk®Vk'erolEdl
yYneVH[FnaKarehg-sMrin CaCMnYsluydul¬areTAvij .
edIm∫ICal∫icelb®sukExµr yYnVn[ehg-sMrincuHhtƒelxayl'®Bm
[kgT&ByYntSgenAelITwkdIExµrcMnYn25q~S nigcuHhtƒelxak~¨gkarrab'GanK~a
d*Cits~iTÏ rvag®bCaCnevotNam-lav-kmı¨CaCabgbÌËnyUrGEg√gq~S . k~¨gPa
saneyaVy…TUt BYkeKniyayfa « neyaVyrbs'®beTs≤NÎËcinTSg
bI » .
yYnVnbg≈M[ehg-sMrincuHhtƒelxa®bKl'ekaHesH Edlmane®bgka
teTA[yYn kat'bnƒy®BMEdnExµr cm©ayBI5eTA30K˘m˘ cab'BI®BMrYmbI®beTs
Exµr-lav-yYn cuHmkdl'mat'smu®TCab'ext†Jm ( Hatien ) (16) .
emdwknSyYnVnniyayfa – « edIm∫IkMu[®bCaCnyYnnigExµrecHEtTas'
ETgK~aminecHcb'eTotenaH KYrExµrkat'®bKl'dIcMBuHTak~¨gext†s√ayerog[eTA
yYn » .

❑ ❑

(16) sUmGan « kal®bvti†viT¥a´n®beTskmı¨Ca » rbs'esµr .

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 sem†csIhnuCa®bFanclnaExµrcMruH

enAq~S1969 eBlExµresrI205nak'cuHcUl EdlkalenaHsIhnuVnGan

GtƒbTExµresrI EcgBIe®KaHf~ak'neyaVyxusrbs'®Tg' sem†cVndwgrYcehI
y edaykMhwgcg'sgswkBYkln'-nl', sirimt: sIhnuVncUlrYm´dCamYy
yYnkumµ¨ynis†nigExµr®khm . [T&ByYnhU-CImijvay®beTsExµr sm¬ab'
Exµr .
k~¨gesovePA Sihanouk's Sideshow ®tg'TMB&r155 sIhnuVnsarPaB
®Vb'G~kniBnÏfa – « I have had to take a sedative in order to sleep ».
Princess Monique guards her husband's supply of barbiturates, just as
she did during the years they were help captive by the Khmer Rouge. He
wanted to commit suicide, but she refused to give him the potion. He,
too, tells me ( the author ), « I owe my life and sanity to my wife ».
ehtuGI√VnCasem†csIhnucg'eFI√Gt†Xat? e®JHGs'sgÙwm …edaysar
manvib∫disarI ? .
k~¨gsMenr « sÂgamnigesckI†sgÙwm » ( War and Hope ) k*sem†csIh
nuVnsarPaBBI « buB√ehtuGI√VnCa®Tg'eTACYyyYnevotNamxageCIg » Edr
Et ®Kan'EtCaelsEdl®Tg'ykmksresrsMrab'karJrmuxmat ' ( Sauver sa
face ) b"ueNˆaH . karsMxan'KW®Tg'VnsarPaBfa « sIhnuVnCYyyYn®Kb'Eb
b®Kb'y"agEmn » .
enA®Kb'sunÊrkfa enA®Kb'TIkEn¬gEdl®Tg'yageTA sem†csIhnuenAEt
minTTYlfa « neyaVyrbs'®Tg'xus …k*ExµrTSgbIlannak's¬ab'KWman®Tg'
CaG~kcUlrYmCamYyBYkXatkrExµr®khmeT » . ®Tg'enAEtCMTaleCrfa « mk
EtBIBYkGasaFarNrdΩ Galn'-nl', sirimt: bnk∫t'eFI√rdΩ®bharTm¬ak'®Tg'BI
tMENg®bmuxrdΩ eTIbVnCa®sukeTACay"agenH » .
k~¨gnamCa®bFanclnatsflUcMruH sem†csIhnuenAEteFI√neyaVye®kam
TUrbJÇarbs'emdwknSyYn . ®Tg'laElg ElglaCae®cIndg . t´f¬®Vk'Ex
CamYyyYn k~¨geBlyYnCamYyehg-sMrin e®bImeF¥aVyl∫ÁgTak'yks-
em†c ehIy‰sem†cvijgakmkbrihar p†l'karTn'exßay´pÊk~¨gclnatsflUExµr
eTAemdwknSyYnGs'rlIg .
sB√´f©enHeTot ( ExF~Ë1990 ) sem†csIhnukMBugEtedIrtYftkunenAkUer"
xageCIg edIm∫IykeTAbJçSg[raÂs†ExµremIl k~¨geKalbMNglagkMhus
lagVt´d®Tg'[®CHQamraÂs†Exµr Edl®Tg'kalenaH Ca®bFanrdΩaPiVl
rYbrYmCatikmı¨Ca eFI√shkarrYm´dCamYyemdwknSyYnpg CamYybnExµr®khm
pg nigdUckalmundEdl KW®sg' «neyaVy®bCaPifuti ®bCa®biyPaB »

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rbs'®Tg'eLIgvij .
etItMNeTA´f©mux sem†csIhnunwgdUr≤riyabf suxcit†eFI√Blikmµx¬H edI-
m∫Ie®sac®sg'muxmat'rbs'®Tg'k~¨g®bvti†saÂs†skl CaBiessk~¨g®bvti†-
saÂs†Exµr…eT ?
skmµPaBrbs'®Tg'CamYyG~km~ag ®BmTSgbu®t sB√´f©enHCakarbJÇak'
®Vb'eyIgCaExµrTSgGs'K~arYce®sceTAehIy ! .

❑ ❑

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 eKaledAnigbMNgExµr®khmnaGnaKt

TSgmtisklelak CaBiessmtiraÂs†Exµr mineCOfa Exµr®khmEkE®b

cit†KMnit lHbg'®TwsI†em"Aniymeq√ghYsehtu ( Radical Maoism ) b†Ërcritsa
havElgkab'sm¬ab'Exµr nigminmkdeNI†mGMNaceTot . cMNucenHehIy
EdlemdwknSevotNamyl'c∫as' ehIyykmkeFI√Caelsk~¨gkarkan'kab'
®sukExµrTSgmUledaysMGagfa karJrraÂs†Exµr[rYcBIBYkXatkrb"ul-Bt .
bnExµr®khmenAEtmanCMenOfa « bdivt†nm
_ haelatep¬aHmhaGsçar¥ »
nig « bdivt†nv_ b∫Fm· » d*lIlarevIrvaytamcMkYtm"arsIus-em"AniymsIÌvaenaH
CitVnsMercdl'eKaledAeTAehIy ebIkMuEtevotNamcUlmkQ¬anJnedj
BYkvaecjBIGMNacenaH .
BYknisßitExµrEdlvil®tLb'cUl®sukvije®kay´f©17emsa1975 xÊg'
bIJn'nak' ‰G~kEdlenAsl'rs'BIs¬ab'edays~a´db"ul-Bt valt'dMmanCag
bIrynak' . k~¨gcMeNamBYkEdlenAsl'CIvitenH manx¬HenAEteCOdUcbnb"ul
-BtEdr . x¬HVnvileTACYbEm"“enAext†kMBg'cam ehIyxMGYtfa – « ExµreyIg
enAEtbni†ceTotmanVyhUbbIdgnigmanbEgÌmpg » Et®tUvbgbÌËnVnham
[bwTmat'Qb'niyayteTAeTot ebIBMuenaHeTnwg®tUv®bCaraÂs†ExµrGUskCamin
xan .
k~¨gBiFICb'elogmYyenAjËvy"kk~¨gq~S1982 Edlmansem†csIhnunig
G~km~agsIhnuVncat'EcgeLIgenaH eP∆øvsMxan'elIkElgEtG~kkarTUtbreT
secj KWmanemdwknSExµr®khmFMVncUlrYm manexov-sMpnCaedIm . exov
sMpnVneqI¬ytbnwgsMnYr – « etIelakVnsm¬ab'®bCaraÂs†b"unµannak' ? mY
ylan'nak' ? BIrlannak' ? » faCa « Jk¥PUtPrrbs'BYkc®kBti†, c®kBti†evo
tNamQ¬anJnVnmksm¬ab'raÂs†ExµrTSgenaH » .
b"ul-BtEtgEtebIkvKGb'rMeronsU®ttMrg'eKalCMhrneyaVyvaBMuEdl
elaHxaneLIy CaBiesskarGb'rMBYkKNdwknSFM@ BYkemkgeyaFaCaedIm .
karebIkvKeronsU®tmYyenAtMbn'87k~¨gext†®tat (®suk´f) CitCMrMExµr®khm
Ek∫rTl'EdnExµrenaHmanTSgBYkemdwknS´nEdndIBiXat ( The Killing Fields
) VncUlrYmpgKW – sun-esn, nYn-Ca, exov-sMpn, eGog-sarI, tam"uk . CMrM
enHCamUldΩaneyaFaFMrbs'Exµr®khm EdlmancMnYnBI35Jn'eTAbYnmWunnak'
. enAtMbn'87 b"ul-BtVnerobcMyuTÏviFIcas'dEdl edIm∫Ik†ab'ykCnbTExµr
( kan'kab'k~¨geBlyb' ´f©bg˚b'x¬Án ) eLamhfl˜uB&TÏTI®kugP~MeBjBukrlYynigrdΩ
Vl (ehg-sMrin) Vk'Ebk .
BYkExµr®khmmine®bIyuTÏsaÂs†vaysÂgb'cUlTI®kugP~MeBj dUckalq~S
1975eToteT EtBYkvaep†kp†ÁleTAtamneyaVy´nkarTUtGn†rCati nigkarcr

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caTak'TinCamYykgT&Bqµk' (T&BclnatsflUExµr ) . b"ul-BtVnyl'y"agc∫a
s'fa ebIkalNakgT&BExµr®khmcUlkan'EtCitTI®kugP~MeBjenaH shKm
Gn†rCatik*nwgeq¬q¬aeFI√smıaFbg≈M[mankaredaH®sayneyaVy . fI√ebIkarva
y®byuTÏ®tUvEtykmke®bICacSVc'enaH EtbnExµr®khm®tUvEt®bmUlpM†¨KMnit
vaelIEp~kneyaVy ( cUccMerogBYkvae®cIne®cogfa neyaVyrYmpßMGavuF ®b-
esIemaHmutrbs'Ggkar ) edIm∫IQaneTArkeKaledArbs'vaenaH . ehtudUec~H
ehIy eTaHbICaTI®kugva"siunetanVndkkarKS®TneyaVyecjBIBYkExµr®k-
hm edIm∫IeFI√karcrcaCamYyevotNam k~¨gkarecosvagkMu[Exµr®khmmkyk
GMNacvijk*eday k*vaKµanGI√E®b®bYlp¬as'b†ËresaHeLIy .
k~¨gBiFIebIkvKeronsU®tenaH b"ul-BtVncMNayeBjmYy´f©k~¨gkarsi-
kßaEvkEjkBIneyaVy nigEmkFagsgmvNˆ:´nclnatsflU®tIPaKIEdlrYm
CamYyBYkminEmnkumµ¨ynis† . b"ul-BtVnbe®gonfa karEdlExµr®khm
®BmcUlrYmCamYyBYkminEmnkumµ¨ynis† k~¨geKaledA®bmUlyknUvkarKS®Tn
eyaVyBIraÂs†Exµrk~¨g®suk nigkarKS®Tp¬ËvTUtBIGn†rCati fI√ebImankarE®b®bY-
leKalCMhrneyaVyx¬HedayBYkbdivt†nC
_ Yb®bTHCamYyBYkc®kBti†nigs
ki†PUmik*eday . EteTaHCay"agNak*eday b"ul-BtVn®Bmane®kInrMlwkBYk
sisßvafa [rkßanUvsPaBedIm ( Their true nature)) CanicçehIyrs'enAeday
TenÊjCab'Canicçfa « neyaVyVnp¬as'b†Ër EtBYkeyIgenaEtmancit†KMnit
dEdl » (The politics have changed but the spirit remains the same ) .
EfmBIelIenHeTot b"ul-BtVnFanadl'BYkemkg emKNdwknSvafa – «
fI√ebIb"us†s
i_ Mxan'@xagkarTUt®tUvBYkminEmnkumµ¨ynis†kan'kab'k*edayk*BYkExµr
®khmenAEtCakm¬SgT&Bd*x¬SgCageKk~¨gclnatsflUcMruH – sem†csIhnu Ca
®bFanEtKµanGMNac e®bobdUcsMbk®kUcGIcwg ‰BYkeyIgvijCaEk¬bEp¬®kUc
enaH . sIhnunigBiPBelakxage®kAminmanTidΩPaBdUec~HeT b"uEn†smmit†TSg
Gs'K~amin®tUvsgß&yesaHeLIyfa KWBYkeyIgenHehIy EdlmannaTICaemdw
knSBit@k~¨gkarvay®byuTÏrMedaHCatienH » .
k~¨gkarebIkvKsikßaeronsU®tenH b"ul-BtVnsYrdl'sisßCaKNdwk
nSExµr®khmfa – « etIeyIg®tUveFI√y"agNaedIm∫I[®bCaCnKS®TeyIg ? » .
BYkKNemkgCae®cInVneqI¬ytbfa « [elIkykGMeBIBukrlYyrbs'®kum
minEmnkumµ¨ynis†mkniyay ehIybg˙ajBIskmµPaBes~haCatirbs'BYk
Exµr®khm . x¬HeTotelIkGMBIbJ˙aesdΩkicç fa®tUverobcM[®bCaCnbg˚begI˚n
pl®sUv[Vne®cIn » CaedIm Etb"ul-BtenAEtmineBjcit†elIcemI¬yTSg
enaH . eBlenaHmanemkgvaenACYre®kaym~ak'elIk´deqI¬yfa – « eyIg®tUvda
k'x¬Án[TabesIµnwg®bCaCnEdl®kI®kCageK enaHbnÊab'mk®bCaCnk*nwgmkpM†¨
KS®TBYkeyIgnig®sLaj'BYkeyIg » . b"ul-BtVneqI¬yy"ageBjcit†fa «
®tUv ! ®tUvNas' ! » .

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 enAk~¨gf~ak'vKeronsU®tenH b"ul-BtVnef˚aleTasBYkP~ak'garevotNa
m (k∫alyYnx¬ÁnExµr) faVneFI√viTÏgßnadl'bdivt†n_ CaPaKe®cInk~¨gkarsm¬ab'
rgal . b"ul-BtVnsarPaBfa – « karEdlGgkarbJÇa[sm¬ab'BYkG~kn-
eyaVy nigembJÇakarkgT&BsaFarNrdΩExµrk~¨gq~S1975enaH « e®JHBYk
eK®bLak'eCaKCSedayKMnitc®kBti†» , ehIyb"ul-BtVnrMlwkBIemdwknSExµr
®khmekµg@ EdlVnGnuvt†®TwsI†bdivt†nd
_ ac'xateBk nig®BmanQb'[eFI√kM
husdEdlenaHeTot .
enAeBlbJçb'bwTvKeronsU®tenaH b"ul-BtVnEf¬gsunÊkfaEdleFI√[BY
ksisßKN bJÇakar vresna˘˘˘ ®sk'TwkEP~knigsMEdgkareb†C∆acit†tsflU®b-
yuTÏrhUtdMNk'Qamcuge®kaybgÌs' dUcG~kniBnÏVnelIksMdIenaHmksr-
esr®tg'TMB&r200fa – « xM∆¨manesckI†esaks†ayNas' edaysmmit†TSg
Gs'minTan'yl'[Vndl'CMerA . xM∆¨esaks†ayNas'Edl®kumtsflUd´TeTo
tnwgkan'Etmankm¬Sg . eTaHbIxM∆¨kan'Etcas' nig®tUvcUlnivt†nk
_ *eday k*xM∆¨®tUv
EtxM®bwg[Gs'smtƒPaBedIm∫Iksagsmmit† . kMuemIlgayx¬Ánfa smmit†
eTAminrYc Et®tUv®bug®by&t~CanicçcMeJHPaBetaHetIyniglak'karCanicç » .˘˘˘
etI®kumEdltSgx¬ÁnCaExµresrIkar ®sLaj'esrIPaB yuti†Fm·˘˘˘enaHman
kareb†C∆atSgcit†[VnmYyPaK´n®kumXatkrenHeT ? .
tamsMdIhYt-GUnehg enA®kecH sB√´f©rs'enArdΩkalIh√&rnij"aVnniya
yfa « eQµaHqn (…taykß), enAkMBg'camsm&yyYnyk®sukExµr Vn®tUv
eKecaTbw†gyYnfaCaExµr®khm . Kat'kMBugEtedkG®gwge®kampÊH ®sab'Etma
nBYkTahanyYnmYy®kumcuHBIrfyn†edIrsMedAmkrkKat'@eXIjdUec~aHk*nwkfa
yYnc∫as'Camkrkcab'Kat'Caminxan k*kMesokx¬ÁneKceTAe®kaypÊH Tahan
yYnk*edjcab'beN†ay . eQµaHqn…taykßVnrt'cUl´®BeTArs'enACamY-
yBYkExµr®khm ehIyVneFI√CaembJÇakarkgvresna . eKehAfa « taqn »
(taCavNˆ:k~¨gCYrExµr®khm) . hYt-GUnehgVnrMlwksMdItaqnfa – « rbb
enHenaEtkab'sm¬ab'dEdl KWKµanEkE®bTal'EtesaH e®JH®TwsI†®khmdac'
xatVnEcgfa ®tUvEtsm¬ab'edIm∫I[mnusßx¬ac nigeKarBtamTisedArbs'G-
gkarkumµ¨ynis† nigedIm∫I[Vnkan'GMNacteTA´f©muxeTot » .
ebImandMeNaH®saysni†PaBrYcenA®sukExµr EtKµankarcat'Ecgkat'eTa
sbnExµr®khmeTenaH k~¨gry:eBlEvgnaGnaKt k~¨geBlEdlBYkGaC∆aFr
Exµrm~ak'@xMbUm xMBukrlYy®sg'edImenaH bnExµr®khmk*nwg®bmUlVnnUvkar
KS®TBI®bCaraÂs†Exµrmkvij ehIy®kesabykGMNacmkvijeTotCaminxan
Etk~¨gnamExµrsIÌmYyepßgeTot minEmnk~¨gnam « Exµr®khm » dEdlenHeT.

❑ ❑
❑

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