B TI NGUYN V MI TRNG

CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

c lp - T do - Hnh phc

/2012/TT-BTNMT

H Ni, ngy thng nm 2012

D THO

THNG T
Quy nh quy trnh k thut hiu chun cc phng tin o kh
NOx, SO2, CO v O3 ca trm quan trc mi trng khng kh t ng, lin tc
B TRNG B TI NGUYN V MI TRNG
Cn c Lut Bo v mi trng s 52/2005/QH11 ngy 29/11/2005;
Cn c Lut o lng s 04/2011/QH13 c Quc hi nc Cng ho
x hi ch ngha Vit Nam kho XIII, k hp th 2 thng qua ngy 11 thng 11
nm 2011;
Cn c Ngh nh s 25/2008/N-CP ngy 04 thng 3 nm 2008 ca
Chnh ph quy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca B
Ti nguyn v Mi trng, c sa i, b sung ti Ngh nh s
19/2010/N-CP ngy 08 thng 3 nm 2010 v Ngh nh s 89/2010/N-CP
ngy 16 thng 8 nm 2010;
Cn c Ngh nh s 102/2008/N-CP ngy 15 thng 9 nm 2008 ca
Chnh ph v vic thu thp, qun l, khai thc v s dng d liu v ti nguyn
v mi trng;
Xt ngh ca Tng cc trng Tng cc Mi trng, V trng V
Khoa hc v Cng ngh v V trng V Php ch,
QUY NH:
Chng I
QUY NH CHUNG
iu 1. Phm vi iu chnh
Thng t ny quy nh quy trnh k thut hiu chun phng tin o kh
NOx, SO2, CO v O3 ca trm quan trc mi trng khng kh t ng, lin tc
(bao gm trm c nh v trm di ng).
Phng tin o

Phm vi o

chnh xc

SO2

(0 10) ppm

5%

NO-NO2-NOx

(0 10) ppm

5%

O3

(0 10) ppm

5%

CO

(0 100) ppm

5%

iu 2. i tng p dng
Thng t ny p dng i vi t chc, c nhn khi s dng PT quy nh
ti iu 1 ca Thng t ny.
iu 3. Gii thch t ng
Trong quy trnh ny cc t ng sau y c hiu nh sau:
1. Phng tin o (PT): l thit b c dng c lp hoc kt hp vi
thit b ph thc hin php o.
2. Hiu chun: l hot ng trong nhng iu kin quy nh, bc th
nht l thit lp mi lin h gia cc gi tr i lng c khng m bo o
do chun o lng cung cp v cc s ch tng ng vi khng m bo o
km theo v bc th hai l s dng thng tin ny thit lp mi lin h nhn
c kt qu o t s ch. Trong :
- Hiu chun c th din t bng mt tuyn b, hm hiu chun, biu
hiu chun, ng cong hiu chun, hoc bng hiu chun. Trong mt s
trng hp n c th bao gm s hiu chnh cng hoc nhn ca s ch vi
khng m bo o km theo.
- Khng c nhm ln hiu chunvi hiu chnh h thng o, thng
gi sai l t hiu chun, cng khng c nhm ln vi kim nh ca hiu
chun.
3. Hiu chnh: l tp hp cc thao tc c tin hnh trn h thng o
cho ra s ch quy nh tng ng vi gi tr cho ca i lng c o.
4. khng m bo o (KB): thng s gn vi kt qu ca php o,
c trng cho s phn tn ca cc gi tr c th quy cho i lng o mt cch
hp l. Trong :
- Thng s c th l lch chun (hoc bi ca n), hoc l 1/2 ca
khong vi mc tin cy xc nh.
- KB gm nhiu thnh phn v mi thnh phn c th c nh gi
bng phn b thng k. Cc kt qu ca mt dy php o v c th c c
trng bng lch chun, c nh gi t cc phn b xc xut m phng trn
c s thc nghim hoc thng tin khc.
- Kt qu o c hiu l c lng tt nht v gi tr ca i lng o v
tt c cc thnh phn ca KB. Bao gm c nhng thnh phn do cc nh
hng h thng nh cc thnh phn gn vi nhng s hiu chnh v gn vi cc
chun quy chiu gy ra, u gp phn vo phn tn.
5. ng: l mc gn nhau gia trung bnh ca mt s v hn cc
gi tr i lng o c lp li v gi tr i lng quy chiu. Trong :
- ng o khng phi l i lng v do khng th th hin bng
s, nhng thc o mc gn nhau c cho trong TCVN 6910.
2

- ng o t l nghch vi sai s o h thng, nhng khng lin quan

vi sai s o ngu nhin.
- Khng c s dng chnh xc o cho " ng o v ngc li.
6. chm: l mc gn nhau gia cc s ch hoc cc gi tr i
lng o c nhn c bi php o lp.
7. chnh xc: l mc gn nhau gia gi tr i lng o c v gi
tr i lng thc ca i lng o. Trong :
- Khi nim chnh xc o khng phi l i lng v khng cho
bit tr s i lng. Php o c xem l chnh xc hn khi c sai s o nh
hn.
- Thut ng chnh xc o khng c s dng cho ng o v
thut ng chm o khng c s dng cho chnh xc o, tuy nhin,
n c lin quan vi c hai khi nim ny.
- chnh xc o i khi c hiu l mc gn nhau gia cc gi tr
i lng o c ang quy cho i lng o.
8. tri: l s thay i t t c trng o lng ca PT.
9. Kh khng: l kh Nit k thut tinh khit hoc kh khng cha cc
thnh phn kh thuc i tng cn o.
10. Thit b to kh khng: l thit b to ra kh khng trong cc
thnh phn kh lm nh hng n cc thnh phn kh thuc i tng cn o c
nng di ngng pht hin.
11. Kh chun: l cht kh c nng c kim tra v chng nhn theo
tiu chun quc gia hoc quc t.
12. Thit bi pha long khi chun: la thit bi co kha nng pha long khi
chun thnh kh c nng mong mun theo nguyn ly pha khi chun vi khi
khng.
13. n v tnh: ppm - Nng ca kh tnh theo phn triu th tch
%V - Nng ca kh tnh theo phn trm th tch
iu 4. Cc php hiu chun
Phi ln lt tin hnh cc php hiu chun sau:
1. Kim tra bn ngoi
2. Kim tra k thut
3. Kim tra o lng
a) o hiu chnh
b) o kim tra: kim tra tri im khng, chm v ng.

Chng II
QUY TRNH K THUT HIU CHUN PT KH
NOx, SO2, CO V O3 CA TRM QUAN TRC MI TRNG
KHNG KH T NG, LIN TC
iu 5. Cng tc chun b hiu chun
1. Phng tin phc v hiu chun
a) Kh chun cho PT kh cn hiu chun c chn nh sau:
+ Nu phng hiu chun c thit b pha long kh chun th nng kh
chun c chn phi ph thuc theo t l pha long ca thit b sao cho nng
ti thiu bng nng phm vi o ln nht ca PT kh SO 2, CO, NOx cn
hiu chun (ring i vi PT kh NOx c th s dng kh chun NO v NO2) v
sai s cho php ca bnh kh chun t nht nh hn 1/2 sai s cho php ca PT.
+ Nu phng hiu chun khng c thit b pha long kh chun th nng
kh chun phi t ng loi v c nng nm trong phm vi o ca PT
kh cn hiu chun.
+ Ring PT kh O3 cn hiu chun khng c kh chun cho nn cn c thit
b to kh O3 (Ozon) chun.
b) Thit bi tao khi khng
- Lu lng u ra (1 ~ 20) lit/phut;
- m tng i khi u ra < 5,0 %.
c) Thit bi pha long khi chun cho PT kh
- Lu lng u ra (1,0 ~ 5,0) lit/phut;
- chnh xc 1,0 %;
- Ty l pha trn khi chun / khi khng ph thuc thng s ca thit b.
d) Thit b to kh O3 (Ozon) chun
- Lu lng u ra (1,0 ~ 5,0) lit/phut;
- Nng ti thiu phi ln hn hoc bng vi phm vi o ca PT;
- chnh xc 5,0 %.
e) PT khc
- Van iu chnh: p sut P = 25 MPa;
- Nhit k: phm vi o (0 ~ 50) 0C, gi tr chia 1 0C;
- m k: phm vi o (25 ~ 95) %RH, sai s 5 %RH;
g) Dng c, vt t v vt liu
- B dng c tho lp c kh v g lp chuyn dng;

- Van ni, ng dn kh, u chuyn i c ch to bng vt liu thp

khng g, ng hoc nha teflon khng lm nh hng n kh chun v
thnh phn kh thuc i tng cn o;
- o Blouse, gng tay, khu trang v mt n phng c.
2. Chun b hiu chun
a) Chn bnh kh chun NO, SO2, v CO c nng ti im a, khon 1,
iu 5. Ring i vi chun b hiu chun cho PT kh O 3, cn khi ng thit
b to kh O3 chun t nht 6 gi.
b) t bnh kh chun trong phng t iu kin hiu chun ti thiu 6 gi
i vi bnh c dung tch 40 lt tr xung v ti thiu 16 gi i vi bnh c
dung tch t 40 lt tr ln.
c) PT kh cn hiu chun phi c t trong phng t iu kin hiu
chun t nht 6 gi trc khi tin hnh hiu chun.
d) Cp in p ngun, khi ng cc thit b theo ti liu hng dn
s dng.
iu 6. iu kin hiu chun
Khi tin hnh phng hiu chun phi m bo cc iu kin sau:
1. Nhit : (23 2) 0C
2. m tng i: (40 ~ 70) %RH
3. in p ngun cp chnh: 220 VAC 10 V
4. V an ton
a) Ton b cc thit b c ni t an ton v in tr ni t t (5 ~ 10) Ohm.
b) Kh sau khi hiu chun phi c x l v x ra mi trng.
c) Trong phng hiu chun c lp t h thng cnh bo kh r r
m bo khng c cc loi hi, cc loi kh c kh nng n mn, cng nh cc
cht d gy chy n v c h thng thng gi m bo an ton.
iu 7. Tin hnh hiu chun
1. Kim tra bn ngoi
Kim tra bn ngoi bng mt PT kh cn hiu chun theo cc yu cu
sau y:
- C y nhn, mc, ni ch to hoc ti liu km theo. Th hin c
c tnh k thut v hnh dng, kch thc, in p ngun, ph kin km theo.
- Thit b khng b bin dng, dy dn, ng dn kh khng xon, gy gp
hoc nt hay v.

2. Kim tra k thut

Lp rp, u ni cc ng dn kh, thit b to kh khng, thit b to pha
long kh chun, PT kh cn hiu chun theo s hiu chun ti Ph lc 2.
Vn hnh v kim tra trng thi hot ng bnh thng ca PT kh theo
ti liu hng dn s dng.
3. Kim tra o lng
3.1. o hiu chnh
a) Hiu chnh kh khng: t nng kh khng trn thit b pha
long kh chun vi lu lng u ra ph hp vi lu lng u vo ca PT
kh, thit b chun o lng v i gi tr hin th ca nng kh khng trn
PT kh cn hiu chun, thit b chun o lng n nh hoc xp x khng. Ghi
li gi tr o c vo bin bn Ph lc 1. Tin hnh vic hiu chnh kh
khng trn PT kh cn hiu chun.
b) Hiu chnh kh c nng : sau khi hiu chnh xong ti im kh
khng trn PT kh cn hiu chun th t gi tr nng trn thit b pha
long kh chun bng (80 10) % ton b phm vi o tng ng i vi PT
kh cn hiu chun.
i gi tr hin th nng ca kh chun trn PT kh cn hiu chun,
thit b chun o lng n nh hoc xp x gi tr nng t trn thit b
pha long kh chun. Ghi li gi tr o c vo bin bn Ph lc 1. Tin hnh
vic hiu chnh kh c nng trn PT kh cn hiu chun.
3.2. o kim tra sau khi hiu chnh
a) o kim tra tri im khng
Thc hin kim tra tri im khng ca PT kh cn hiu chun
theo phng php o 3 ln lin tip kh khng nhm xc nh tri im
khng.
- t nng kh khng trn thit b pha long kh chun vi lu lng
u ra ph hp vi lu lng u vo ca PT kh.
- Khi gi tr o c ca kh khng trn PT kh cn hiu chun v
thit b chun o lng n nh hoc xp x gi tr khng.
- o lin tc trong 15 pht v 5 pht/ln ghi li cc gi tr o c vo
bin bn Ph lc 1.
b) o kim tra kh c nng
Thc hin kim tra kh c nng ca PT kh ti 4 im (20; 40; 60 v
80) % ton b phm vi o tng ng i vi PT kh cn hiu chun v thit b
chun o lng. Vi mi im nng o 3 ln lin tip nh sau:
- t gi tr nng kh chun trn thit b pha long kh chun ln lt
tng ng vi 4 im nng .
6

- i gi tr hin th nng ca kh chun to thnh trn PT kh cn

hiu chun, thit b chun o lng n nh hoc xp x gi tr nng t.
- Tin hnh o lin tc trong 15 pht v 5 pht/ln ghi li cc gi tr o
c vo bin bn Ph lc 1.
iu 8. nh gi khng m bo o

1. Xc nh i lng o
Xc nh i lng o bng cch o gin tip t kh chun thng qua thit
b pha long kh chun v thit b chun o lng. i vi mi bnh kh chun
phi c giy chng nhn chnh xc hoc KB.
Ngoi ra, cn c mt s thit b cng c nh hng n i lng o nh:
thit b to kh khng, thit b n nh in, iu kin mi trng cng gy
ra cc sai s trong kt qu o gia cc ln o khc nhau.
2. Xc nh cc yu t gy ra KB
Cc yu t gy ra KB bao gm:
- PT kh cn hiu chun: c tnh k thut do nh sn xut cung cp, s
liu o c ln trc, tri im khng, ng v chm khi s dng
thit b;
- Thit b chun o lng: c tnh k thut do nh sn xut cung cp, s
liu o c ln trc, tri im khng, ng v chm khi s dng
thit b;
- iu kin mi trng trong phng o/hiu chun (nhit , m);
- Bnh kh chun;
- Nhn vin o/hiu chun;
- Ngun in cp vo thit b;
- Mt s nh hng ngu nhin khc.

3. KB ca cc yu t nh hng
Cc yu t nh hng n KB c xc nh t mc 2, iu 8. Tuy
nhin, khng phi tt c cc yu t nh hng u c th xc nh c hoc c
nhng yu t nh hng khng ng k ti KB th c th xem xt v b qua
nh: nhn vin thc hin cng tc o/hiu chun, ngun in, iu kin mi
trng v mt vi yu t ngu nhin khc KB c tnh nh sau:
KB ca thit b chun o lng
KB ca thit b chun o lng c xc nh thng qua KB ca
thit b chun o lng c lin kt vi cp cao hn (
) v thng qua
KB ca chm ( lp li) ca thit b chun o lng (

. Trong :

KB ca thit b chun o lng c lin kt vi cp cao hn (

):

l KB ca thit b chun o lng c lin kt vi cp cao

hn v th hin trong giy chng nhn hiu chun ca thit b.
KB ca chm ( lp li) ca thit b chun o lng (

- Trong hu ht cc trng hp, c lng tt nht c th c ca cc gi

tr k vng ca i lng q l trung bnh s hc , n thay i mt cch ngu
nhin. Trung bnh s hc ca n kt qu o c lp:

- lch chun thc nghim s(qk) c dng c lng phn b ca q:

- lch chun thc nghim s( ) ca gi tr trung bnh c dng c

lng rng ca phn b cc gi tr trung bnh:

KB ca kh chun

vi uCal l KB trch dn theo chng nhn ca nh sn xut kh chun.

Vi nhng kh chun m nh sn xut khng cng b KB, ch c
chnh xc ca kh chun th KB ca kh chun c tnh theo cng thc:

KB ca thit b pha long kh chun

Tnh ton theo s liu ghi li trong bng theo di gia thit b chun o
lng v thit b pha long kh chun.
hoc c tnh ton theo s liu thng k
KB ca PT kh cn hiu chun
chm (uA1) tng t nh cch tnh ca
ng (uA2) xc nh bi 2 yu t chnh l uB2 v uC
uA2 =

u B2 2 +uC2

KB ca PT kh cn hiu chun c tnh thng qua tng thnh phn

theo cng thc:
uA =

u A21 + u A2 2

4. KB kt hp vi KB m rng
KB kt hp
Sau khi xc nh c u A t PT kh cn hiu chun, u B t thit b
chun o lng, uC t bnh kh chun v uD t thit b pha long kh chun th
khng m bo kt hp (uE) c tnh theo cng thc:
uE =

u A2 + u B2 2 + u D2

hoc uE =

u A21 + u B21 + u B2 2 + u C2 + u D2

KB m rng
khng m bo o m rng (U) l i lng xc nh min gi tr
phn b bao quanh kt qu o:
U = k.uE
Vi k l h s bao ph, h s bng s c s dng nh l bi ca KB
chun kt hp a ra KB m rng, thng c chn k = 2 vi mc
tin cy xp x 95%.
iu 9. X l chung
9

1. PT kh cn hiu chun (NOx, SO2, CO v O3) cua tram quan trc mi

trng khng kh t ng, lin tc sau khi hiu chun c dn tem, cp giy
chng nhn hiu chun c cha cc thng tin v kt qu hiu chun km theo
KB tng ng.
2. Chu k hiu chun ca PT kh cn hiu chun (NOx, SO2, CO v O3)
cua tram quan trc mi trng khng khi t ng, lin tc c khuyn ngh:
ti a 01 ln/nm.
Chng III
T CHC THC HIN
iu 10. T chc thc hin
1. Tng cc Mi trng c trch nhim hng dn, kim tra v gim st
vic thc hin Thng t ny;
2. Tng cc trng Tng cc Mi trng, th trng cc n v thuc B
Ti nguyn v Mi trng, Gim c S Ti nguyn v Mi trng cc tnh,
thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng v cc t chc, c nhn c lin quan chu trch
nhim thi hnh Thng t ny.
iu 11. Hiu lc thi hnh
1. Thng t ny c hiu lc k t ngy . thng . nm 2012.
2. Trong qu trnh thc hin Thng t ny, nu c kh khn, vng mc
ngh cc c quan, t chc, c nhn phn nh v B Ti nguyn v Mi trng
(thng qua Tng cc Mi trng) kp thi xem xt v gii quyt./.
Ni nhn:
- Th tng Chnh ph v cc Ph Th tng Chnh ph;
- Vn phng Quc hi;
- Vn phng Ch tch nc;
- Vn phng Chnh ph;
- Vn phng Trung ng v cc Ban ca ng;
- Ta n nhn dn ti cao;
- Vin Kim st nhn dn ti cao;
- Cc B, c quan ngang B, c quan thuc Chnh ph;
- Kim ton Nh nc;
- y ban Trung ng Mt trn T quc Vit Nam;
- C quan Trung ng ca cc on th;
- HND, UBND cc tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng;
- Cc kim tra vn bn QPPL (B T php);
- Cc Th trng B TN&MT;
- Cc n v trc thuc B TN&MT, Website ca B;
- S TN&MT cc tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng;
- Cc n v trong mng li quan trc mi trng quc gia;
- Cng bo, Cng Thng tin in t Chnh ph;
- Lu: VT, KHCN, PC, TCMT (QTMT). 300

10

KT. B TRNG
TH TRNG

Bi Cch Tuyn

Ph lc 01
(Ban hnh km theo Thng t s ......./2012/TT-BTNMT ngy ..... thng ..... nm 2012
ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng)
TN C QUAN HIU CHUN
........
a ch: ...
in
thoi:

/
Fax:
/E-mail:
..

BIN BN HIU CHUN PHNG TIN O

S:....................

I. Thng tin chung

Tn phng tin o: ........................................................................................................
Kiu: ...................................................................S:......................................................
Hang sn xut:.....................................................Nm sn xut: ....................................
Ni s dng: .....................................................................................................................
c trng k thut:
-

Phm

vi

o:..............................................................................................................
- Nhn, mc, nc ch to:.
..............................................................................................................................
- Hnh dng, kch thc:
..............................................................................................................................
- in p ngun cp:
..............................................................................................................................
- Ph tng km theo:
..............................................................................................................................
- Cc c im khc:
..............................................................................................................................

II. Thng tin hin chun

Phng php hiu chun: ................................................................................................
Bnh kh chun:
-

Nng

kh

chun:

....................................

sut

bnh

kh: ............................
- Lin kt chun: ......................................... Thi hn bnh kh: ...........................
11

iu kin mi trng:
-

Nhit

....................................................

m: ............................................

12

III. Kim tra k thut

- Lp rp, u ni cc ng dn kh thit b to kh khng, thit b pha long kh
chun v PT kh CO cn hiu chun:
- Vn hnh PT kh cn hiu chun:
- Kim tra trng thi hot ng bnh thng ca PT kh cn hiu chun:
Bnh thng

Khng bnh thng

IV. Kim tra o lng

4.1. o hiu chnh
Gi tr
Gi tr ch th bi PT Gi tr ch th bi thit b
S
im kim tra kh cn hiu chun (ppm) chun o lng (ppm)
hiu chnh

Hiu chnh:

Khng

4.2. Kim tra sau khi hiu chnh

4.2.1. Kim tra tri im khng
STT

Gi tr
im khng

Ln 1

Ln 2

Ln 3

Gi tr ch th bi
PT kh cn hiu chun
(ppm)

Gi tr ch th bi
thit b chun o lng
(ppm)

4.2.2. Kim tra kh c nng

STT

Gi tr
kh chun
(ppm)

Gi tr ch th bi
PT kh cn hiu chun
(ppm)

Ln 1
Ln 2
Ln 3
Ln 1
Ln 2
Ln 3
13

Gi tr ch th bi
thit b chun o lng
(ppm)

STT

Gi tr
kh chun
(ppm)

Gi tr ch th bi
PT kh cn hiu chun
(ppm)

Gi tr ch th bi
thit b chun o lng
(ppm)

Ln 1
Ln 2
Ln 3
Ln 1
Ln 2
Ln 3
Ln 1
Ln 2
Ln 3
H Ni, ngy thng nm 201
Ngi kim tra

Ngi thc hin

14

Ph lc 02
(Ban hnh km theo Thng t s/2012/TT-BTNMT ngy ..... thng ..... nm 2012
ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng)

Hnh 1. S hiu chun PT kh NOx, SO2 v CO t ng, lin tc

4

3
7

10

5
2

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Bnh kh chun NO, SO2, v CO nng cao

Van iu chnh ap sut s cp
Van iu chnh ap sut th cp
Thit bi tao khi khng
o lu lng kh
B pha trn kh
B lc
Thit b to kh chun
PT kh (NOx, SO2 v CO) cn hiu chun
Thit b chun o lng

15
2

Hnh 2. S hiu chun PT kh O3 t ng, lin tc

3

10

2
6

5
4
1

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10
.

Thit b to kh O3 chun
Van iu chnh lu lng
Thit bi tao khi khng
o lu lng kh
B pha trn kh
B lc
Thit b to kh chun
Thit b t ghi
PT kh O3 cn hiu chun
Thit b chun o lng

16
2