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Hnh 3. Giao din ca phn mm tnh ton ti v la chn t hp my pht in.

Phn mm cho php tnh ton ti chnh xc v l a chn s lng t hp my pht in nhanh chng, xut kt qu ra dng file Excel, c th lu tr d li u vi dng lng nh, ph hp vi cc h iu hnh hin c. 4. Kt lun Phn mm tnh ton ti v l a chn t hp my pht in tu thy, cho php ngi thit k nhanh chng tnh ton ti v tm ra s lng t hp my pht in, cng nh cng sut ca cc t hp my pht in cn trang b cho h thng in nng tu thy bc thit k ban u khi bit danh sch cc ph ti hoc trng ti tu, cng sut my chnh, nhm nng cao hiu qu trong qu trnh thit k ng mi tu thy v l tin xy dng chng trnh t ng ha thi t k. TI LIU THAM KHO [1] GS. TSKH Thn Ngc Hon,TS. Nguyn Tin Ban, Trm pht v li in tu thu, NXB Khoa hc v K thut, H ni, 2008. [2] Bi Thanh Sn, Trm pht in tu thu, NXB Giao thng Vn ti, H ni, 2000. [3] TS. Lu Kim Thnh, T ng ha tng hp h thng nng lng in tu thy, i hc Hng hi, Hi phng, 2000. [4] Damir Radan, Integrated Control of Marine Electrical Power Systems, Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway, 2008. [5] . ., , , , 2005. [6] .. . - .: , 2006. Ngi phn bin: TS. Trn Anh Dng

NG DNG MNG NRON TRONG IU KHIN L NHIT APPLICATION OF NEURAL NETWORK IN OVEN TEMPERATURE CONTROL
TS. TR N ANH DNG KS. NGUYN TH BCH NGC Khoa in TTB, Trng i hc Hng hi Tm tt Hi n nay iu khin gi n nh nhi t trong cc l nung ang l vn thu ht c nhi u quan tm, c bit l trong cc ngnh cng nghi p v trong cc phng th nghim. Vi c s dng cc phng php iu khi n hin i, trong c iu khin s dng mng nron, tuy c nghin cu nhi u nhng vic p dng cc phng php ny vo thc t Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 28 11/2011 34

Cho mng ngy nh gio vit nam 20/11/2011

cn cha c ph bi n. Ni dung ca bi bo ny nghin cu phng php luyn mng nron iu khi n gi n nh nhi t l nhi t. Kt qu nghin cu chng minh kh nng ng dng ca mng nron v nhng tnh nng u vit ca n trong thc t. Abstract Currently, the control of ovens temperature in the kiln is attracting much attention, particularly in industry and laboratories. Although the use of modern control methods, and neural network, has much studied, its applications have not been realized widely. The content of this article study the training method of the neural network to stabilize the controlled temperature in the oven. Results of the research have proved the applicability of neural network and its advantages in practice. 1. t vn Modul BS-5 trn hnh 1(a) v c bn c cu thnh t mt l nhi t. Cu to chnh ca n bao gm phn sinh nhi t l mt in tr sy v phn lm mt l mt qut gi. Ngun cng sut cp cho in tr sy l ngun 220V. Ngun ny c iu khin thng qua tn hi u iu khin l 12VDC hoc 30VAC. Khi ta tin hnh cp in p cho in tr sy th nhit trong bung l s tng ln mt cch t t, hoc ngc l i. in p cp cho qut gi l in p mt chiu trong di 012V. Bng cch thay i in p ngun cp th ta c th thay i c tc ca qut, tc l thay i tc lm mt bung l.

(a) (b) Hnh 1. Cu trc ca modul l nhit BS-5 (a) v mt u dy ly tn hiu t cm bi n (b).

B phn nh gi nhit ca l l 4 loi cm bin bao gm: cp nhit, nhit k in tr platin (RTD), nhit k in t (NTC) v mt c ch bn dn nhy vi nhi t (it). Vi c s dng v u ni cc thi t b cm bin nhit c thc hi n thng qua cc u u dy th hin mt trc ca l trn hnh 1(b) km theo biu tng th hi n chc nng ca mi thi t b. Tn hiu phn hi t cm bin thng qua cc mch chuyn i s cho bi t nhit thc t trong l. Cn c vo nhi t thc t ca l v yu cu ca nhit t m b iu khi n pht tn hi u iu khin cp ngun cho in tr sy hay qut gi t c nhit t v gi n nh nhit trong l. Tng hp v luyn mng nron xy dng cu trc b iu khi n p ng yu cu trn l ni dung chnh ca bi bo ny. 2. Tng hp v luyn mng nron iu khin l nhit tng hp v luyn mng nron cho b iu khin l nhit ta thc hin theo cc bc sau: (i) Xy d ng mch trung gian vi hai chc nng chuyn i tn hiu ly t cm bin cp cho my tnh v truyn tn hiu t b iu khin iu khin l nhit. (ii) iu khi n l nhi t thng qua chng trnh thi t lp trong matlab ly d li u thc t a vo luyn mng nron. (iii) T d liu thc t thu c ta tin hnh luyn mng nron xy dng cu trc b iu khi n l nhit.

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+12v +12v

2.1. Xy dng mch trung gian Mch c 2 cng chuyn i tng t u vo trn hnh 2(a) ly tn hi u t cm bi n cp cho my tnh. Mt cng bin i tn hi u t cm bin cp nhit thnh tn hiu di 0-10V. Mt cng bi n i tn hi u t cm bin RTD, NTC hoc it thnh tn hiu di 0-10V. Mch c 2 cng ra tng t trn hnh 2(b) iu khin l nhit. Cng lp tng t 1 opam bi n i di 0-10V thnh di 012V ph hp vi tn hi u iu khi n in tr sy. Cng l p tng t 2 tran bin i di 0-10V thnh di 0-12V c tng tr u ra thp ph hp iu khi n qut gi trong l nhit.
Them-sensor 2 1 CON2

+12v
7 1

U5 r11
7 1

ua741 3 2

U6 R42 6

R15 R
4

3 2

+ -

U7A R19 1 R TL084

6 741 R

+ -

R43 R

3 2

+ 11

4 8

4 8

R VCC -12v -12v POT v ar1 R r12 R C6 v r2

R16 -12v R18 R x4

R17

+12v

VCC RD R diode-s ensor 2 1 VCC v r3 CON2 POT c7 -12v R23 -12v R27 R C9 v r4 CAP NP 12v -tran POT R R20 R21 R 5 6 + 11

R22
4

+12v U7B R24 7 R TL084 10 9 + 11 4

U7C TL084 8 R R26 R CON3 x5 Ra 10v R25 3 2 1

R +12v Q1

(a)
12v -tran 2 1 CON2 +12v U7D
4

+12v +12v

Q1 NPN BCE

x1

3 2

U8A 1 cx 12 + 13 11

+ -

TL084 14 2 1

12v -opam

LM358 R28

CON2

R34

-12v

-12v R R

(b) Hnh 2. C u trc mch trung gian.

2.2. iu khin l nhit bng chng trnh thit lp trong Matlab thng qua card PCI Tn hiu thu c t cm bin thng qua cng Analog Input 1 ca card PCI v mt s khu bi n i c chuyn v hi n th di dng nhi t . So snh sai l ch gia nhi t t v nhit thc t ca l a tn hiu iu khin nhit l. tng nhit ca l ta tin hnh cp in cho in tr sy. Khi nhit l t gi tr nhit t th ngt in khi in tr sy. Ngc li gi m nhit ca l ta tin hnh cp in cho qut gi. Khi nhit l bng gi tr nhit t th ta tt qut. gi n nh nhit l trong sut qu trnh lm vic vi khong chnh l ch nhi t khng qu 20C ta c th iu khin kt hp 0 in tr sy v qut. Nu nhit l thp hn 2 C so vi nhi t t th t ng bt in tr sy. 0 Nu nhit l cao hn 1 C so vi nhi t t th t ng bt qut gi. Da trn kt qu so snh sai lch gia nhit t v nhit thc t ca l thng qua cc khi rle v b khuch i a ra tn hiu iu khin. Tn hiu gi qua cng Analog Output 1 ca card PCI c dng iu khin qut gi, tn hiu gi qua cng Analog Output 2 c dng iu khin in tr sy. nh cc thng tin thc t ca u vo v u ra phc v cho qu trnh luyn mng ta tin hnh lu tr cc d li u ny di dng cc file thng tin. Thng tin u vo phc v luyn mng bao gm ba bi n: bi n e l sai l ch gi a nhi t t v nhit thc t, bi n mu v mu1 l bi n nh trng thi trc ca u v u1, trong u v u1 l hai bin u ra iu khi n qut gi v in tr sy. Thng tin u ra gm 2 bin u v u1. Trch mt phn d liu iu khin l nhi t c th hi n trong bng 1.
Bng 1. Trch d liu luyn mng nron

Tn hi u e mu mu1 u u1

1
-2.1586 10 0 10 0

2
-1.6590 10 0 10 0

3
-1.1592 10 0 10 0

4
-0.6592 10 0 10 0

5
-0.1593 10 0 10 0

6
0.3407 10 0 0 0

7
0.8407 0 0 0 0

8
1.3406 0 0 0 0

9
1.8403 0 0 0 0

10
2.3399 0 0 0 10

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2.3. Luyn mng nron xy dng cu trc b iu khin Cn c vo d li u thu c bc trn ta tin hnh luyn mng nron xy dng cu trc b iu khi n l nhit. Chng trnh luyn mng trn phn mm Matlab nh sau: net = newff([-100 100;-20 20;-20 20],[20 10 2],{'tansig' 'tansig' 'purelin'},'trainlm'); net=init(net); net.trainParam.epochs= 400 %Maximum number of epochs to train net.trainParam.goal= 0.0001^2 %Performance goal net.trainParam.show =2 %Epochs between showing progress net = train(net,D,E); gensim(net,0.001); th th hin qu trnh luyn mng v cu trc ca mng c th hin hnh 3:

e, Cu trc ca khi weight thuc Layer 3 a, th luyn mng.

b, C u trc t ng qut.

c, C u trc ca khi Neural Network.

d, Cu trc ca khi Layer 3.

f, Cu trc ca khi weight thuc Layer 2.

Hnh 3. th luyn mng v cu trc mng nron.

Theo chng trnh luyn mng th s l n luyn ti a l 400 ln, sai s l 10-8. Khi t c mt trong hai yu t trn th ngng luyn. Kt qu luyn mng thu c trong hnh 3a, khi s l n -8 luyn mng l 237 l n th t sai s 10 , khi chng trnh ngng luyn v a ra kt qu cu trc mng nh hnh 3b. c im ca mng nron thu c l mng c 3 l p: l p u vo c 20 nt, lp n vi 10 nt v lp u ra c 2 nt th hin trn hnh 3. 3. Kt qu iu khin T cu trc mng nron thu c ta thi t lp m hnh iu khi n l nhi t thng qua phn mm Matlab. Ti thi im kho st, thng qua tn hiu phn hi t cm bin th nhit ca l ang l 600C. Ta tin hnh t nhi t l ln 700C. Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 28 11/2011 37

Cho mng ngy nh gio vit nam 20/11/2011

Hnh 4. M hnh iu khi n l nhi t bng mng nron thng qua phn mm Matlab.

B iu khi n gi tn hi u iu khin ti l thng qua cc cng Analog Output 1 v 2 ca card PCI. Kt qu thay i nhi t l c th hi n trong hnh 5.

a, Qu trnh tng nhit t 600C ln 700C. b, Qu trnh gi n nh nhi t 70 C. Hnh 5. Kt qu iu khin nhi t l nhi t.

4. Kt lun S dng mng nron iu khi n l nhit em li kt qu ng tin cy. Ngoi vic iu khi n t nhit mong mun mt cch chnh xc, mng cn c kh nng gi n nh nhi t 0 l nhi t theo nhi t t vi sai s khng qu 2 C. th n nh nhit (hnh 5b) l tng i bng phng. Kt qu thu c chng minh tnh nng v kh nng ng dng ca mng nron trong thc t. TI LIU THAM KHO [1]. Hunh Thi Hong H thng iu khi n thng minh Nh xut bn i hc quc gia TP H Ch Minh, 2006. [2]. Elas Bonilla Ovens test module EDIBON, March 2011. Ngi phn bin: TS. Hong c Tun

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