3/23/14

1
8uslness llrsL
SaLurday.......
AL LSnC!
8lrd
MeLabollsm, ulgesuon,
8esplrauon and Clrculauon
!"#"$% '$ ()* *+%*,,
8lrds are
!"#$"%!$&#'(
-$+
$*+"%!$&#'(


Can malnLaln a consLanL hlgh body LemperaLure ln
dlerenL Lhermal envlronmenLs
by means of varlous meLhods of lnLernal meLabollc heaL
producuon.

103 l (40 C)

MeLabollsm
MeLabollc raLe =
1he raLe aL whlch an organlsm
consumes oxygen
3/23/14
2
Plgh 8ody 1emperaLure
nerve lmpulses are fasLer (abouL 2x as fasL a
mammals) -greaL reexes, fasL movemenL
Lndurance and muscle sLrengLh ls lncreased
Can be fully acuve ln all cllmaLes aL all umes of
year and aL Lhe cooler umes of day

8lrds have Lhe hlghesL basal meLabollc raLe of all
verLebraLes
ulsadvanLages of llvlng on Lhe edge"
Pave Lo regulaLe heaL producuon and heaL loss ln
LemperaLure exLremes

need emclenL regulauon of waLer loss

need emclenL energy and oxygen dellvery Lo cells

need emclenL removal of meLabollc wasLe
producLs
1emperaLure 8egulauon -easy
1. leaLher llumng or
ulung
1. lncrease or decrease
feaLher numbers
3. Change exposure of
exLremeues
4. Manlplaung blood
clrculauon ln feeL

3/23/14
3
CLher LemperaLure regulauon
Shlverlng
1aklng shelLer

anung
Cular uuerlng hup://youLu.be/8aZylLv8bo?
Lxcreung onLo legs
SLaylng ln shade durlng Lhe heaL of Lhe day
Ways some blrds conserve
energy
PypoLhermla

1orpor
3/23/14
4
,-../0, 12-34444
8eaks -so many varlauons!
1ongues
3/23/14
3
More......
ulgesuve SysLem
Clzzard- Lhe LeeLh"
A full crop!
elleLs
hup://youLu.be/waLl1mLr1nM

Lnergy reserves and dlgesuon
MosL blrds have mlnlmal reserves because lL
lsn'L emclenL Lo carry exLra welghL
Some can puL on faL
Some can go lnLo Lorpor
Some cache food for fuLure use
3/23/14
6
5$67'&89"*
maxlmal oxygen dellvery Lo ussues
5$67'&89"*
alr can enLer Lhrough Lhe mouLh or
nares (nosLrlls)
1rachea - wlndplpe
3/23/14
7
us and oLher mammals
hup://www.youLube.com/waLch?v=kWMmyvu1ue?
1ransporL
3/23/14
8
Clrculauon
rovldes C
2
, geLs rld of CC
2
uellvers fuel (glucose and faLs)
8emoves oLher wasLes Lo excreLory slLe
And lL all has Lo be done aL a hlgh raLe Lo keep
up wlLh Lhe meLabollc llfesLyle of blrds
8lrds red blood cells wlll easlly glve up
C
2
Lo muscles
Cuesuons?