EXPERIMENTS BASED ON MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION

Measurement and Instrumentation

Experiment No. #7
Active low pass filtering of input signals for measurement purposes
I.

Objective
th

To study low pass filtering with Chebyshev 5 order 0.5

dB active filter.

II.

Watt-hour meter design

In this session we would learn energy could be measured

with analog multipliers. Connect a small resistance R s is
series with the load. Connect the other circuit components
as shown in Fig. 1.

Rs

Z1
Z2

741

+
-

Pout
Out

R2

Rload

RI

+
741

Y1
Y2

R3
R4

Energy
output

Integrator
AD534

Fig. 1 Measurement of power with analog multiplier.

Proceed according to the following steps.
Step 1 Choose R1 and R2 so that the X input is 10V with
the maximum rated voltage.
Step 2 Choose Rs = 0.1 ohm.
Step 3 Choose R3 and R4 so that the Y input is 10V with
maximum rated current.
Step 4 Choose RI = 1.0k and CI = 1.0uF.
Step 5 Choose a suitable input voltage.
Step 6 Confirm the design by your teacher.
Step 7 Measure Pout with a multi-meter keeping in dc
mode.
Step 8 Measure Energy output at an interval of 5
seconds.
Step 9 If necessary adjust integrator time constant RI CI .

III.

0 $N_0003 9v
0 $N_0004 9v
$N_0005 0 9v
$N_0006 0 9v
$N_0008 $N_0007 50k
$N_0008 $N_0009 50k
$N_0009 $N_0010 50k
0 $N_0010 .00966uf IC=0
out1 $N_0009 .218uf IC=0
0 $N_0008 .106uf IC=0
0 $N_0002 .00364uf IC=0
out2 $N_0001 .301uf IC=0
CI

X1
X2

R1

Input

V_V4
V_V5
V_V3
V_V2
R_R5
R_R2
R_R1
C_C1
C_C3
C_C2
C_C5
C_C4

Software simulation

Simulate the experimental circuit in Fig.1 with PSPICE.

PSPICE program
*Prog 10
* Chebysheb low pass filter design with uA741 ICs *
R_R3
out1 $N_0001 50k
R_R4
$N_0001 $N_0002 50k

X_U1
$N_0010 out1 $N_0006 $N_0003 out1 uA741
X_U3
$N_0002 out2 $N_0005 $N_0004 out2 uA741
V_V1
$N_0007 0 DC 0 AC 0
+PULSE -5v 5v 1us .1ms .1ms 10ms 20ms
.lib d:\msimev71\lib\eval.lib
.tran 1us 200ms uic
.probe
.end

Record all the waveforms for reporting. See the effect of

changing the filter parameters (E_LOPASS2) and also the
integrator (E_GAIN2) gain.

Matlab Program for power measurement and

filtering
%Electronic Energy measurement
clear;
f=50;
tmax=15.0/f; %5 cycles
Vmax=250;
Imax=10;
N=512;
tstep=1.0/(f*N);
t=tstep:tstep:tmax;
w=2.0*pi*f;

Kazi Mujibur Rahman, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, BUET, Dhaka.

Date:- 04/09/14

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EXPERIMENTS BASED ON MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION

v=Vmax*sin(w*t);
il=Imax*sin(w*t-.1);
p=v.*il;
%a=[1.00000 -2.9931485 2.986320456 -0.993171914];
a=[1.00000 -2.99314850229460
2.98632045600046
-0.99317191363767];
b= 1.0e-006 *[0.1548 -0.1347 -0.1347 0.1548];
y=filter(b,a,p);
energy=y.*t;
plot(t,p,'g');
hold on;
plot(t,y);
plot(t,energy,'m');
legend('Instantaneous power','Chebysheb 3rd order low
pass filtered ','Energy');
xlabel('Time in seconds');
ylabel('Power in watts');
title('Electronic power measurement');

Kazi Mujibur Rahman, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, BUET, Dhaka.

Date:- 04/09/14

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