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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


٢- ‫א‬

٢٢٢
‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
  ٢-‫א‬ 

 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،  
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

? ?? ٢‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬      
  ٢٢٢  
  ٢-‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥

 K٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

E٢F ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬

١
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬G
K، ‫א‬ ‫א‬G
 KE‫א‬F

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١J ١‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬ J
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J

-١-
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬ J
‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬١J ١

 ‫א‬‫א‬J ١
E
 ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٢J ١‫א‬K ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬٢J ١‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬J ٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬J ٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬J ٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬J ٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬J ٧

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬J ٨
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٩
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ١٠
 ‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-٣-
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ١١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬(D,1,2,R)‫א‬‫א‬
K(P,N)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬(R)‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬J ١٢
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

Gears ‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
:‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ J ١
‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
‫א‬ J ٣
‫א‬ J ٤
‫א‬ J ٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٦
Gears types ‫א‬‫א‬
 Spur Gears ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٣J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
Involute‫א‬‫א‬
 KCycloid
‫ﻣﺤﻮر‬
‫اﻟﺘﺮس‬

‫ﻣﺤﻮر‬
‫اﻟﺘﺮس‬
‫ﻣﺤﻮر‬
‫اﻟﺘﺮس‬

‫ﻣﺤﻮر‬

‫اﻟﺘﺮس‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 Helical Gears ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬ ٤-١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٨٠J ٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤J ١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
External And Internal Gears
٤J ١٣J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥J ١
 E‫א‬‫א‬FE‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   K٥J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦J ١‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬٦J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬
Gear Ratios ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 
J ١‫א‬‫א‬١W١١١‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٧
 ‫א‬‫א‬

-٧-
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 ١W١‫א‬٧J ١

 ١W٣‫א‬٨J ١

   Gear Reduction E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،J
‫א‬‫א‬K٨J ١‫א‬‫א‬١W٣‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١W٢‫א‬‫א‬١W٣‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K١W١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Overdrive ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K٣W١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬١W١{٤١W١{٢‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
 ‫א‬

 ٣W١‫א‬٩J ١

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
Planetary Gear Systems
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
Sun gear  ‫א‬‫א‬J ١
   Internal ring gear ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
Planet carrier  ‫א‬‫א‬J ٣
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠J ١‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬

‫اﻟﺘﺮس اﻟﺤﻠﻘﻲ‬

‫ﻋﻤﻮد اﻟﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺮﺳﺎﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮوس‬

‫اﻟﺘﺮس اﻟﺤﻠﻘﻲ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺮس اﻟﻜﻮآﺒﻲ اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺮس اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ‬

‫ﺣﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﺮوس‬
‫اﻟﻜﻮآﺒﻴﺔ‬

 ١٠J ١

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 G
 ‫א‬‫א‬G

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١١J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬١١J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Output power ‫א‬‫א‬Input power‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

( Drive) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Input member ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KOutput member‫א‬ ( Driven) ‫א‬
 K١٢J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬


‫א‬ 
‫א‬




 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬F
W‫א‬١J ١‫א‬ z 2 ‫א‬


 z 2 = z1 + z 3 1-1
 
‫א‬‫א‬ z1
 ‫א‬  z2
 ‫א‬‫א‬  z3

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
z3 z3
n
 1 + ( ).n 3 = (1 + ).n 2 1-2
z1 z1
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  n1
 ‫א‬‫א‬  n2
 ‫א‬‫א‬ n3








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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬    
 K ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K٢L‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ K     ‫ א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬   
 K ‫א‬‫א‬
 Hydraulics ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬   “ Hydro”  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  “ fluid”‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬“ Liquid” 

 Hydraulic force and pressure ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  “Output piston “ “Input piston “ 
  ١٠٠ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٣J ١ 
E‫א‬F‫א‬  ١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠‫א‬١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K



- ١٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  


١٠ ١٠ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬

 ١٠٠ ١٠٠

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٤J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
  ١٠٠ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ١٠  E‫א‬ 
K ١٠٠‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫ﻣﺎﺋﻊ‬ 
١٠ ١٠



‫א‬٢١‫א‬٢١١٠٠

 ‫א‬‫א‬١٤J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  Pressure ‫א‬
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  K‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 {pound per square inch (psi)} ‫א‬ ٢L‫א‬E٢LF ٢L‫א‬


K ( bar) ‫א‬ {Kilopascals ( Kpa)} ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ٢LK‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

pressure measurement ‫א‬


 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    K‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ،   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢١‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٥J ١‫א‬‫א‬٢L١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬

٢L١٠٠

٢L١٠٠

٢L١٠٠

١٠٠

٢L١٠٠
‫א‬٢١

  ‫א‬‫א‬١٥J ١

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

٢L ١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،٢  ١‫א‬‫א‬


 K١٦J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٠٠ 
‫א‬٢١١

٢L١٠٠

٢L١٠٠

١٠٠

٢L١٠٠

‫א‬٢١ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٦J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ( Output piston) ‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬   K   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬    
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢L‫א‬L‫א‬Z‫א‬

- ١٧ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

‫א‬ ٢ ١‫א‬ ١٠٠‫א‬


 KE٢L١٠٠Z١L١٠٠F٢L١٠٠‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬١٠٠‫א‬٢٢‫א‬‫א‬
K١٧J ١‫א‬‫א‬E٢L٥٠Z٢L١٠٠F٢L٥٠

‫א‬   ٢ ٠٥ ‫א‬ ‫א‬        
 E٢L٢٠٠Z٠٥L١٠٠F
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K‫א‬    ‫א‬      ‫א‬
    ،‫א‬     ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
  x  ‫א‬     ، ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬K‫א‬Z‫א‬

E‫א‬F ٢ ١ ٢L ١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٠ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ KE    ١٠٠Z ١x١٠٠F ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬KE ٢٠٠Z٢ x ١٠٠F ٢٠٠‫א‬ ٢ ٢ ٢L
 K‫א‬

 ٢ ٠٥‫א‬ ٢L ١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE ٥٠Z٠٥ x ١٠٠F ٥٠Z‫א‬ 
 K١٨J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



- ١٨ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 ١٠٠ ١٠٠


٢ L١٠٠
٢L٥٠


 ‫א‬٢١ 
‫א‬٢ ٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٧J ١
 (F/A=P) ‫א‬

٥٠ ١٠٠ ٢٠٠

 ٢٠٥ ٢ ١  ٢٢

٢L١٠٠

٢١
١٠٠

‫א‬‫א‬١٨J ١
(P. A=F)‫א‬‫א‬


- ١٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 Hydraulic motion ‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Koutput motion ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K١٩J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬٢١١٠٠ ،‫א‬‫א‬
٢١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢L ١٠٠‫א‬
١٠‫א‬‫א‬K ١٠٠
 K١٩J ١‫א‬‫א‬١٠‫א‬

١٠ ١٠

‫א‬٢١‫א‬٢١١٠٠
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٩J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬٢٢‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢٠J ١‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٥
١٠




‫א‬٢١‫א‬٢٢٢٠٠

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٠J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

Regulating the Hydraulic Pressure ‫א‬‫א‬


spool valves ‫א‬ pressure-relief valves ‫א‬‫א‬ ،Orifice ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

OrificeEF‫א‬
٢١J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬


Orifice ‫א‬ 



 ‫א‬Orifice‫א‬٢١J ١
 ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 P2 ‫א‬ P1 ‫א‬ EA٢٢J ١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KEB٢٢J ١)‫א‬ P2 ‫א‬ P1 ‫א‬

- ٢١ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  




B


‫א‬ ‫א‬





 ‫א‬ P1 ‫א‬A‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬٢٢J ١
P2 ‫א‬ P1 ‫א‬B‫א‬J P2 ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (٢٣J ١)‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KEA٢٣J ١F‫א‬
 ‫א‬KEB٢٣J ١)‫א‬‫א‬
KEC٢٣J ١)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

A 


B



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J A‫א‬٢٣J ١
 C‫א‬‫א‬J B‫א‬

- ٢٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 Switching valves ‫א‬


K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬

One-way check valve ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٤J ١‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 







‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ 
‫א‬
‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٤J ١
 (A)‫א‬
(B)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

Two-way check valve‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KJ ٢٥J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KJ ٢٥J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J ٢٥J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫أ‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫ب‬ 
‫ج‬
‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٥J ١
 Automatic transmission fluid ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF) ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬   K‫א‬   ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
،‫א‬‫א‬ ATF DEXRON III ATF DEXRON II-D
    ‫א‬         ‫א‬ 
- ٢٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬G
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬G
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬G
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

- ٢٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

Viscosity and viscosity index ‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Viscosity guide ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٠٠٤٠
 Viscosity measurement ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Flash point ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 Density ‫א‬

 ٣L‫א‬‫א‬ ρ ‫א‬‫א‬

Specific weight ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ γ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬LE‫א‬‫א‬C‫א‬FZL‫א‬Z γ
 ٣L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

Low temperature fluidityW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Pour point ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Pour point ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Chemical stability ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

Thermal stability‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Thermal cracking ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

Anti-wear ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Foam resistance‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٢٧ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ١
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬J ٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J ٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J ٦
 ‫א‬ J ٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ٨
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬  DEXRON-III ) ٣ (  II-D )
 KEF‫א‬

 DEXRON-III DEXRON II-D  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠{٨٦١٣  ٠{٨٧٨  ‫◦ م‬١٥‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٩٤  ٢١٩  ‫◦ م‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ٣٢{٠٧  ٣٧{٢  (‫◦ م ) ﺳﻨﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﻮك‬٤٠‫א‬
 ٦{٠  ٧{١٧  (‫◦ م ) ﺳﻨﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﻮك‬١٠٠
 ١٩٤  ١٥٨  ‫א‬
 ٤٢J  ٤٥J  ‫◦ م‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
    E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 ١{٢٥٠  ١{٢٥٠  ‫◦ م‬١٨J ‫א‬
 ١٦{٤٠٠  ١٦{٤٠٠  ‫◦ م‬٤٠J ‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬  ٢J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬        ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬    K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬      K  ‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٠‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -١
 ٣٢٩٠‫א‬‫א‬ -٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -٣
‫א‬‫א‬ -٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -٥
- ٢٩ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

E٢F ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

٢
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬Switching valves‫א‬EF  Pressure regulating valves‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Mainline pressure ‫א‬‫א‬ -١
  Throttle pressure‫א‬ -٢
 Governor pressure  ‫א‬ -٣
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 

 Mainline pressure ‫א‬‫א‬J ١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬Servos‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ FApply devices
‫ א‬Clutches   ‫א‬
KE ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

- ٣١ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

 Throttle pressure‫א‬J ٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
Governor pressure‫א‬Throttle pressure‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬Shift valves 
 ‫א‬
 KModulator pressure‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Governor pressure‫א‬J ٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 Transmission hydraulic pumps ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
Fluid    ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K١J ٢ ‫א‬   

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   Kreservoir
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١J ٢
 ‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

 Gear pump‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،E B٣J ٢ ) ،E A٣J ٢ )‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٩٨
    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٪٥٠‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
K٣٠١٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬

- ٣٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬

B
 ٢J ٢
 ‫א‬

Gear pump‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣ J ٢‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ E‫א‬‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ٢J ٢‫א‬

- ٣٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬٣J ٢
 ‫א‬

- ٣٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

Rotor pump‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K٣J ٢ 
   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬
  K‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   K‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    
   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣–٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬
K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬         
   K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬      
 ‫א‬  K‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬       ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 ‫א‬       ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 Pressure regulating valve‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬         ‫א‬    K‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
KW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٤J ٢‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٣٨ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K
N ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٤‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬L٦٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E١٧F‫א‬‫א‬L٢٥٠‫א‬‫א‬R‫א‬‫א‬

‫اﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﻮل اﻟﻌﺰم‬ 
‫ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬

‫ﻧﺎﺑﺾ‬
‫ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤J ٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Booster valve ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ Booster valve ‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K٥J ٢‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫اﻟﻰ ﻣﺤﻮل‬
‫اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫א‬
‫ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬

 ‫א‬
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬٥J ٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Manual control valve‫א‬‫א‬
٨J ٢،٧J ٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫إﻟﻰ اﻟﺪواﺋﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬

‫א‬‫א‬٧J ٢

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫إﻟﻰ اﻟﺪواﺋﺮ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬

‫א‬‫א‬٨J ٢
 Shift valve ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫ א‬
  Governor pressure ‫א‬  Throttle pressure ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ٨J ٢ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٨J ٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٩J ٢‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬J E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

‫ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬


‫ل‬
ٍ ‫ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺨﺎﻧﻖ ﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻢ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮد اﻟﻤﺮآﺰي ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬

(‫اﺷﺮﻃﺔ اﻟﻔﺮاﻣﻞ‬-‫اﻟﻰ اﺟﻬﺰة اﻟﺘﺎﺛﻴﺮ ) اﻟﻘﻮاﺑﺾ‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨J ٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺨﻂ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬

‫ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻢ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺨﺎﻧﻖ‬ ‫ل‬
ٍ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮد اﻟﻤﺮآﺰي ﻋﺎ‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬٩J ٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Throttle pressure‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬         
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Throttle valve ‫א‬
‫א‬  K‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬ •  ‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬ •  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
Mechanicclly operated throttle valve ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    ١٠J ٢ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ١٠J ٢‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  


‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫راﻓﻌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎﻧﻖ‬



‫א‬ 
‫א‬
‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J  ‫א‬١٠J ٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٤٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ 


‫א‬

 ‫א‬J ‫א‬١١J ٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Vacuum operated throttle valve ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٢J ٢‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KEF‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٤٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  


‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﺠﻮي‬
‫رداخ‬
‫ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺨﺎﻧﻖ‬ ‫א‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﺨﻠﺨﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻧﺎﺑﺾ‬

‫ﻗﻮة اﻟﻨﺎﺑﺾ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺨﻠﺨﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮاﺳﻲ اﻟﺴﺐ‬
‫ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬١٢J ٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Governor pressure ‫א‬


Shift  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ Throttle pressure ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  valve
    ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ١٣J ٢ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ spool valve) F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬        
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٤٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣J ٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٤J ٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ٤٧ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

‫א‬

‫اﻷﺛﻘﺎل‬
 ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤J ٢
 ‫א‬
Sample hydraulic three speed automatic transmission
‫א‬‫א‬٢J ١‫א‬K١٥J ٢‫א‬
KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣J ٢‫א‬KEF‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬K٢J ١‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K٢J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K٣J ٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K٢J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣J ٢‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ J ‫א‬  

‫א‬K٣J ٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ٣‫א‬١٥J ٢
‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 E٢F ‫א‬


‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٣
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 

 Apply devices‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K 
 ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬KApply devices‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Servo ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Servo ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

- ٥٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 








 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١J ٣

Transmission bands ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣J ١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


(A) (B) (C)

(A)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢J ٣
(C)(B)

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 

 Band designs ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬(B)٢ J ٣‫א‬‫א‬(A)٢J ٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢J ٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬(C)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 

 SERVOS ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KServo ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣J ٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٣J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢٨‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢L٢٠٠J ٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢L ٥٠‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ٤٠٠Z٨x٥٠Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢L١٠٠

 Servo linkages ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Simple rod linkage type W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥J ٣٤J ٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 


 ‫א‬‫א‬٤J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 Lever type ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Lever ‫א‬
 K٦J ٣‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 



 ‫א‬‫א‬٦J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 Cantilever type  W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Cantilever
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٧J ٣


 ‫א‬‫א‬٧J ٣

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 

Graduated linkage rod EF‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬٨J ٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨J ٣
Servo struts ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ٦J ٤٥J ٣،٤J ٣‫א‬
K٩J ٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬٩J ٣

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 

Servo operation‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠J ٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬١١J ٣‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١١J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢J ٣‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 

١٣J ٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬








‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Multiple–disc clutch ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


Apply ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٤J ٣‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬device
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬KK‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬pressure disc
 K Snaprings


  ‫א‬‫א‬١٤J ٣
Clutch operation ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١٥J ٣‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٥J ٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬





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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 


Drive Discs
Splined to shaft 

 ‫א‬‫א‬١٥J ٣
 ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٦J ٣‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬


K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٦J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٦٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 

 Holding clutches ‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ١٧J ٣  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬١٧J ٣

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

- ٦١ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 

Clutch operation ‫א‬


E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬١٨J ٣‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬١٨J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬ F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٩KJ ٣

- ٦٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٩J ٣
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 One-way-clutches‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Sprag clutch ‫א‬Roller clutch ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Roller clutch ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢٠J ٣‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٠J ٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
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‫א‬‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬ 


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٠J ٣

- ٦٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

E٢F ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ J ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬

٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬ Hydraulic couplings   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 KTorque converters‫א‬ Hydraulic clutch ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
 K ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEF
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

Hydraulic couplings‫א‬‫א‬
E١J ٤F،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬١J ٤

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E٢J ٤F،‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E٣–٤F، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤J ٤F
 KVortex flow‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬





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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

 ٢J ٤

 ٣J ٤


 ٤J ٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E٦J ٤F،E٥J ٤F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  


٥J ٤











 ٦J ٤

 Hydraulic coupling efficiency ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬٠‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، 
- ٦٨ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬


 K‫א‬‫א‬

Torque converters ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF٧J ٤ ‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J
 J
K‫א‬ J


 ‫א‬٧J ٤

- ٦٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ G
 ‫א‬‫א‬EF G
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ G
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ G
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ G

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E٧J ٤F‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٨J ٤‫א‬‫א‬







 ‫א‬٨J ٤

- ٧٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

Stator ‫א‬‫א‬


   ،Stator‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٩J ٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬٩J ٤
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ٠E٧J ٤F 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٠‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Stator‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬٠Stator  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬ Stator ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٠J ٤F‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٠J ٤

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١١J ٤


‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٠‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 

 ١١J ٤

 ١٢J ٤
‫א‬Stator ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٢J ٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Torque multiplication ‫א‬


J ٤‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣
‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

‫א‬Stator‫א‬‫א‬١٣J ٤‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF
.Stator‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

J ٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬F‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬١٣
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K
‫א‬FKW
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬








 ‫ﺝ‬

 ١٣J ٤


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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

 
‫א‬ ‫א‬?
،(A)
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K(C)‫א‬ (B) Stator ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Stator ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(A)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،(A) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬(CF‫א‬ Stator‫א‬(B)‫א‬

 C = A+ B

(A) ‫א‬‫א‬(C)،(B)(A)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K(C)  EAF‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
(Idling speed) ‫א‬ Drive ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ١٤ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬١٤‫א‬ ١٤ Stator 
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬





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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  






 






 



 ١٤J ٤

Stator‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬١٥J ٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  Secondary stator 
 ‫א‬  Primary stator ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ١٥J ٤

- ٧٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

 Increasing speed ‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  Stator‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Vortex velocity ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Rotary speed  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  Stator
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Primary stator ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Secondary stator ‫א‬ Free-  wheeling
 ١٦J ٤‫א‬


 ١٦J ٤
Cruising speed ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Stator‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
Coupling point‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٧J ٤‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٧J ٤

- ٧٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

 ‫א‬
‫א‬ At stall‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٨J ٤
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    Coupling point
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K‫א‬ ‫א‬    
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   Stator‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٥٠٠‫א‬
 2:1‫א‬
‫א‬L

‫א‬‫א‬
1:1
‫א‬٠{٩ ‫א‬

‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٨J ٤

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬ 
  K‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠ 
 W‫א‬،‫א‬

- ٧٧ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ٢٢٢  
‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢ -‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٠E
 ‫א‬
 ٠E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٠‫א‬
 

- ٧٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

E٢F ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

٥
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

Automatic Transmission E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬ -١
E‫א‬ ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬ -٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬  K ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
.‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬١J ٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 

- ٧٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
z3 z
 n1 + ( ).n3 = (1 + 3 ).n 2
z1 z1
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  n1
 ‫א‬‫א‬  .n 2
 ‫א‬‫א‬  .n3
 ‫א‬‫א‬  z1
 ‫א‬‫א‬  z3

 ‫א‬J ١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٨٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٢
‫א‬Output member‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬KInput member‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 EF‫א‬‫א‬J 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٢J ٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
z3
 i =1+
z1


Input member‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 Held   ‫א‬‫א‬
Output member‫ א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

- ٨١ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢J ٥
 EF‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٣J ٥‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
z1
 i = 1 +
z3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 KOutput member‫א‬

- ٨٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  


Input member‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 Held   ‫א‬‫א‬
Output member‫ א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 



 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣J ٥

Overdrive ‫א‬J ٣
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤J ٥  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K
1
i=
 z
1+ 1
z3

- ٨٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

Input member‫ א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬


 Held   ‫א‬‫א‬
Output member‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤J ٥

 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬K٥J ٥‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

- ٨٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬

1
i=
 z3
1+
z1

Input member‫ א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬


 Held   ‫א‬‫א‬
Output ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 member


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥J ٥

- ٨٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬J ٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 EF‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
  ‫א‬‫א‬K٦J ٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬‫א‬

z3
i=−
z1

Input member‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬


 Held   ‫א‬‫א‬
Output member‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

- ٨٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦J ٥

 EJ F‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬K٧J ٥‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬
z1
 i = −
z3

- ٨٧ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

Input member‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬


 Held   ‫א‬‫א‬
Output member‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧J ٥

 ‫א‬‫א‬J ٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 EF‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨J ٥
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

- ٨٨ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

Input member‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


Output member‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬



 ‫؟؟؟؟؟؟؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨J ٥

 EF‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٩J ٥‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬


- ٨٩ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩J ٥

Input member‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Output member‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

 EF‫א‬‫א‬J 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬K١٠J ٥‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬


 ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬١٠J ٥

- ٩٠ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 
Input member‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Output member‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬J
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Ravigneaux ‫א‬J
‫א‬       E  ١١ J  ٥ F    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬        ‫א‬     ،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٩١ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  


‫اﻟﺘﺮس اﻟﺤﻠﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﺘﺮوس اﻟﻜﻮآﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻋﻤﻮد اﻟﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻮد اﻟﺨﺮج‬

‫اﻟﺘﺮس اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ اﻷول‬

‫اﻟﺘﺮوس اﻟﻜﻮآﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮس اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻲ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬



 ‫א‬١١J ٥
 J
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬      K ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Simpson compound epicyclic three speed and reverse gear train power flow
             
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    ( FC)    ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٢J ٥ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬ (AF)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (OWC)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  Output ‫א‬   (FC) ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬ 
‫א‬ (Sf)‫א‬‫א‬ (Pr)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  (Sr) ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ (Sf) ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (Pr)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- ٩٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

(Pr)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Crp)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(OWC)‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  (Ar) ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
K
2GB 
(L + R)B






 ‫א‬‫א‬١٢J ٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬( FC) ‫א‬‫א‬١٣J ٥‫א‬‫א‬
( ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬  (2GB) ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (AF)
‫א‬‫א‬ (AF)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،(2GB) ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬( Pf)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬(Sf)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،(Cf)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬   
K‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬١٣J ٥
- ٩٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ (FC) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٤J ٥‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ((H+R)c)
 (AF) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ( FC) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ( Pf) ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ١W١


 ‫א‬‫א‬١٤J ٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬
(L+R)B)  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬   ١٥J ٥ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬   W   ‫א‬      ((H+R)c) ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (Sr) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ((H+R)c)‫א‬
( L+R)B) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   (rf) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Pr) ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (Ar) ‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  (Ar) ‫א‬
 KE

- ٩٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  






 ‫א‬‫א‬١٥J ٥
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬J
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K١٦J ٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
  K   ‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 

- ٩٥ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  


‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﻘﻮاﺑﺾ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﺮوس‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﺮوس‬
‫ﻣﺤﻮل‬

‫اﻟﺴﻘﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻀﺨﺔ اﻟﺰﻳﺖ‬
‫اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻂ‬

‫ﻣﻨﻈﻢ اﻟﻄﺮد‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬



 ١٦J ٥
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  J
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٧J ٥، ١٧KJ ٥ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K٧٦J ٥،

- ٩٦ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  


‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎد‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺎت اﻻﻣﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﺪرات اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺤﺪرات اﻟﺤﺎدة‬
‫اﻟﺮوس اﻻﻳﻘﺎف‬ 


‫א‬‫א‬١٧J ٥

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٧J ٥

 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬١٧J ٥

- ٩٧ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬      E‫א‬F ‫א‬  (P) J
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
١٨J ٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ( R )J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ( N )J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ( D )J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ( 2 or S  ) J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ ( א‬1 or L ) J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(S, D)
‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬   (Kick-down)  
‫א‬‫א‬EDF‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
       ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬١٨J ٥

- ٩٨ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 W
،  ‫א‬E
 ‫א‬F"R”‫א‬‫א‬
  J ١
 K‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬F"P”‫א‬‫א‬ J ٢
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬J ٣
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K
“N”"P”‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬J ٤
‫א‬“N”‫א‬"P”‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F٠ ‫א‬
 ٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ١٩J ٥ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
  F ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   E ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ F ‫א‬   E ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬
  (N)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٩ J  ٥ F
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬١٩J ٥

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‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 ( D )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
( D )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠-٥F
 ( D )‫א‬‫א‬ ( D )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   (1-2)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  E  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ( D )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٠J ٥

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‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 ( D )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ٢١ J  ٥ F
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬(1-2)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬ (1-2)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬(1-2)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٠J ٥ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬  KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬ F‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
K



 ( D )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢١J ٥

- ١٠٢ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 ( D )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢٢J ٥F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ( 2 - 3 )‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    (1-2) ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 ( D )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٢J ٥

- ١٠٣ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬    
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ K١
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٥ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
EJ ‫א‬J ‫א‬F‫א‬ K٦

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ K١
 K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬ K٤

- ١٠٤ -
‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 K‫א‬٢٣J ٥

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7
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٣J ٥
 ‫א‬ 3e  ‫א‬‫א‬ 1
 ‫א‬ 4  ‫א‬ 1a
 (Kick-down) 5  ‫א‬‫א‬ 1b
 ‫א‬ 6  ‫א‬ 2
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 7  ‫א‬ 3
 ‫א‬ 8    3a
 ‫א‬
‫א‬      9    3b
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫ א‬10 ‫א‬ 3c
 ‫א‬‫ א‬11     3d
 ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬ 3f

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‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

E ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  F ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬J ١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EMF‫א‬‫א‬ESF‫א‬‫א‬ EEF‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬J ٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬J ٣
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬



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‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٢٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ -‫א‬  

 ‫א‬J ٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬J ٥
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 L٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ CPU ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ CPU‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

- ١٠٧ -
‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
 ٢ -‫א‬ 


‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤  ‫א‬
 ٥  ‫א‬
 ٦  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧ ‫א‬
 ٩  E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٤  ‫א‬
 ١٤  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢١   ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٤  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٨  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٩  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣١  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٢  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٤  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٧  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٨  ‫א‬
 ٣٩  ‫א‬
 ٤٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٢   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
 ٢ -‫א‬ 

 ٤٣  ‫א‬
 ٤٤  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٥   ‫א‬
 ٤٦  ‫א‬
 ٤٨  ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥١  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٢  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٧  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٨  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٩  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦١  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٢  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٣  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٦  ‫א‬‫א‬J ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٨  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٩  ‫א‬
 ٧٠  ‫א‬
 ٧١  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧٢  ‫א‬
 ٧٤  ‫א‬
 ٧٧  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ٢٢٢  
 ٢ -‫א‬ 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧٩  E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧٩  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٩٢  
 ٩٦  ‫א‬
 ٩٧  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٠  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٥  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٥  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠٨  ‫א‬‫א‬






 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

GOTEVOT appreciates the financial support provided by BAE SYSTEMS

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