Suy hao !

"ng truy%n (Free Space Loss) Cng th c:

Ptransmited = Cng su#t pht (W) Preceived = Cng su#t thu (W)

G t = %& l*i anten pht (dB) G r = %& l*i anten thu (dB)

D = kho,ng cch hai anten (m) . = chi/u di b!1c sng (m) th!2ng l khng kh = c . = v/f = vT = c/f khi trong khng kh B'ng thng NyQuist C = 2*B*log2M C: t4c %& truy/n tn hi5u c6c %7i (bps) B : b8ng thng M : m c thay %:i tn hi5u trn %!2ng truy/n Cng th*c Shannon SNRdB = 10*log10(S/N)(dB) SNR = S/N S : Cng su#t(W) N : Cng su#t nhi;u(W) N8ng su#t Shannon C = B * (log2 (1+SNR)(bps) C : t4c %& truy/n c6c %7i(bps) B : B8ng thng (Hz) M ha: AMI: Alternate Mark Inverion L %i5n p < m c sau s= cng gi tr? nh!ng khc d#u v1i %i5n p cng gi tr? tr!1c Lo7i m ha NRZ-L ACc %iDm 0 : ko %i5n p 1 : c %i5n p (khng %:i) V dE

NRZ-I

Ai5n p ko %:i : gi tr? ko %:i Ai5n p thay %:i : gi tr? thay %:i 0: ko %i5n p 1: c %i5n p theo AMI

Bipolar

Pseudoterna te

Ng!*c v1i Bipolar 1: ko %i5n p 0: c %i5n p theo AMI

Manchester

BiDu diDn 1 bit bGng cch thay %:i tn hi5u tH th#p %In cao hoCc ng!*c l7i 0: cao %In th#p 1: th#p %In cao

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Different Manchester

A:i cch thay %:i tH th#p %In cao hoCc ng!*c l7i 0: ko %:i 1: %:i

B8ZS

Theo Bipolar nh!ng nIu gCp 8 bit 0 th chuyDn sang dang trong hnh v=

HDB3

Khi gCp 4 bits 0. NIu tr!1c %(kD tH n+i sai m gJn nh#t) %In hi5n t7i c chKn bit 1 th chuyDn bits 0 cu4i thnh bit 1 sai m AMI. Ng!*c l7i l chKn th chuyDn bit 0 %Ju tin thnh bit 1 v b?t 0 cu4i thnh bit 1 sai m AMI

,i%u ch. delta ChuyDn tH m&t sng %L th? thnh m Hnh vi nh? phn s= t8ng hoCc gi,m 1 m c M sau m&t kho,ng th2i gian l#y mNu. NIu hnh vi nh? phn nhO h+n m c sng th t!+ng %!+ng v1i bit 1, ng!*c l7i bit 0

Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Aa th c sinh biDu di;n bGng 1 %a th c theo biIn x P(x) V dE 1001 -> X3 + 1 (bPc 3) Cch tm FSC bGng cch l#y bit dQ li5u thm (bPc cao nh#t cRa CRC) bit 0 rLi dng php XOR v1i %a th c sinh %D tm ra bit d! cu4i cng l FSC( %& di FSC bGng bPc cRa CRC) Stop and Wait

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My pht pht m&t tin v ch2 cho %In khi nhPn %!*c tin Ack rLi m1i pht tiIp. Qu th2i gian ch2 th my pht pht l7i tin Go Back N My pht pht N tin theo kiDu cSa s: tr!*t v khng cJn ch2 Ack. Khi kch th!1c cSa s: t4i %a th ngHng l7i ch2 Ack. My pht nhPn %!*c tin Ack th cSa s: tr!*t s= tr!*t %In frame ack ph,n hLi v pht tiIp.

Giao th*c HDLC Ni chung l giao th c vHa truy/n data vH a km theo Ack C 3 tr!2ng trong m&t tin %i Tn tPp tin hoCc chI %& Frame gSi Frame cJn nhPn M&t s4 l5nh cJn biIt: I : tin i RR : receive ready sTn sng nhPn gi tin x (vd: RR,3) RNR : receive not ready gS i tin ch!a sTn sng nhPn tin x cho %In khi nhPn tin gSi tin RR tin x REJ : yu cJu gSi l7i tin x

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Nh/y t1n: L cch chuyDn nguLn tin vo nhi/u m c tJn s4 khc nhau Nh,y tJn chPm : Tc < Ts Nh,y tJn nhanh : Tc >= Ts

PN quyIt %?nh l kho,ng tJn no %!*c sS dEng. MFSK chU nhm m cJn m ha Ws l kho,ng tJn t4i %a %!*c sS dung, Wd l kho,ng tJn %!*c chia cho mWi th2i %iDm T : chu k mWi dQ li5u Ts :chu k pht phJn tS tn hi5u Tc : Chu k nh,y tJn

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