DIFFERENT TREES

NEEM TREE
The NEEM tree (Azadirachta indica) is a tropical evergreen tree native to India and is also found in other southeast countries. In India, neem is kno n as !the village pharmac"# $ecause of its healing versatilit", and it has $een used in A"urvedic medicine for more than %,&&& "ears due to its medicinal properties. Neem is also called 'arista( in )anskrit* a ord that means 'perfect, complete and imperisha$le(. The seeds, $ark and leaves contain compounds ith proven antiseptic, antiviral, antip"retic, anti*inflammator", anti*ulcer and antifungal uses. The )anskrit name 'nimba( comes from the term 'nimbati syasthyamdadati( hich means 'to give good health(. The earliest documentation of neem mentioned the fruit, seeds, oil, leaves, roots and $ark for their advantageous medicinal properties. These $enefits are listed in the ancient documents 'Carak- Samhita and 'Susruta-)amhita(, the $ooks at the foundation of the Indian s"stem of natural treatment, A"urveda. Neem has a garlic*like odor, and a $itter taste. The various parts of this tree have man" uses that aptl" give neem its name in )anskrit*! sarva roga nivarini, meaning 'the curer of all ailments. )ome of the most important documented uses of various parts of the neem tree are+

Neem oil is e,tracted from the seeds of the neem tree and has insecticidal and medicinal properties due to hich it has $een used for thousands of "ears in pest control, cosmetics, medicines, etc.

Neem seed cake (residue of neem seeds after oil e,traction) hen used for soil amendment or added to soil, not onl" enriches the soil ith organic matter $ut also lo ers nitrogen losses $" inhi$iting nitrification. It also orks as a nematicide.

Neem leaves are used to treat chickenpo, and arts $" directl" appl"ing to the skin in a paste form or $" $athing in ater ith neem leaves. In order to increase immunit" of the $od", neem leaves are also taken internall" in the form of neem capsules or made into a tea. The tea is traditionall" taken internall" to reduce fever caused $" malaria. This tea is e,tremel" $itter. It is also used to soak feet for treating various foot fungi. It has also $een reported to ork against termites. In A"urveda, neem leaves are used in curing neuromuscular pains. Neem leaves are also used in storage of grains.

Twigs of neem are also used in India and Africa as tooth$rushes. No ada"s toothpastes neem e,tracts are also availa$le commerciall".

ith

Neem (leaf and seed e!tracts have $een found to $e spermicidal and thus research is $eing conducted to use neem e,tracts for making contraceptives. Neem produces pain relieving, anti* inflammator" and fever reducing compounds that can aid in the healing of cuts, $urns, earaches, sprains and headaches, as ell as fevers. Neem "ark and roots also have medicinal properties. -ark . roots in po dered form are also used to control fleas . ticks on pets. Neem has anti#"acterial $ro$erties that help in fighting against skin infections such as acne, psoriasis, sca$ies, eczema, etc. Neem e,tracts also help in treating dia$etes, AI/), cancer, heart disease, herpes, allergies, ulcers, hepatitis and several other diseases.

%&N'&N TREE
-an"an tree is a huge tree ith ver" e,tensive $ranches. It is said that at one time more than 0&, &&& people can sit under its shade at one time. It is a evergreen tree. It $ranches spread out and send trunk like roots to the ground in order to support itself. It gro s to a height of more than 10 meters and lives for man" "ears. The leaves are 0& *1& cm long and has man" aerial roots. The leaves are $road, oval and gloss". 2hite milk" fluid oozes out of leaves, if $roken. It can gro in to the gaint tree covering several hectares. 3ound in almost all the parts of India, -an"an tree is the National tree of India. It is gro n throughout the su$* 4imala"an region and in the deciduous forests.

(ultivation methods )-an"an tree is easil" propagated $" root tip cuttings or the e"e cuttings. 5ut apiece of the stem a$out half a inch $elo and a$ove the leaf. Insert the stem piece and a little of the leaf stalk into the rooting medium. To reduce evaporation from the leaf surface, "ou can roll the leaf and secure ith a ru$$er $and. In a couple eeks roots and a ne shoot ill start developing. It can gro in an" t"pe of soil. Medicinal uses ) The -an"an tree also has several medicinal properties. Its leaf, $ark, seeds and fig are used for the variet" of disorders like diarrhea, pol"uria, dental, dia$etes and urine disorders. The ood of the -an"an tree is used in making door panels, $o,es and the other items. Its $ark is used for making paper and ropes. The milk" late, that comes from its leaves and stems is used in man" A"urvedic medicines. *ther uses ) In India its edi$le leaves are used as the plates. It is planted for the soil conservation. 2ood is used for ell cur$s, door panels, $o,es, furniture etc. It is suita$le for paper pulp. The ood of the aerial roots is stronger and is used for the tent poles and cart

"okes.

E+(&,'-T+S TREE Descri$tion ) Eucal"ptus is a tall evergreen tree. It attains the height of more than 6&& feet. 7eaves of the tree on 8uvenile shoots are opposite, sessile, cordate*ovate and covered ith a $luish hite $loom. The adult leaves are alternate, lanceolate and are 9* 01 inches long and 0*1 inches $road. It flo ers are cream in colour. The appearance of its $ark varies ith the age of the tree. Its $ark consists of long fi$ers and can $e can $e pulled off in long pieces. )tems of the seedlings and coppice shoots are :uadrangular. 3lo ers are in c"mose panicles. The fruit is a capsule. *ther S$ecies ) Eucal"ptus a$dita, Eucal"ptus acies, Eucal"ptus apiculata, Eucal"ptus al$opurpurea, Eucal"ptus alligatri,, Eucal"ptus ammophila, Eucal"ptus amplifolia, Eucal"ptus andre sii are the other related species of Eucal"ptus. There are ;&& species of Eucal"ptus. ,ocation ) It is idel" gro n in Tamil Nadu, Andhra <radesh, =u8rat, 4ar"ana, M"sore, >erala and in the Nilgiri 4ill. It gro s ell in deep, fertile, ell drained loam" soil ith ade:uate moisture. It is also found in Nagarhole National <ark and -andipur National <ark in India. (ultivation methods )Eucal"ptus gro n in ell drained sand" soil. It is propagated through seeds, soft ood cuttings and semi hard ood cuttings. At the time planting it must $e taken into account that ts roots are not $roken. It needs ater $efore and after planting. It re:uires full sunlight. Medicinal uses ) Eucal"ptus is kno n for its use either as an essential oil or leaf tea for its a$ilit" to relieve congestion and ease $reathing in colds. It oil is also used as the pain

reliever foe sore and overe,tended muscles. The essential oil of Eucal"ptus contains cineole, a potent antiseptic that helps in killing the $acteria and fungi. It helps in increasing cardiac action. It is taken in all t"pes of fever. It helps in purif"ing the $lood. It lo ers the $lood sugar. It $rings relief to the patients of Asthma and $ronchitis. It is the e,cellent topical remed" for aching 8oints and rheumatism. It helps in improving the $lood circulation. *ther uses ) Eucal"ptus is used as the pulp ood in the manufacture of the paper as ell as ra material. It is used as the poles for the construction of huts and houses. It is used in making pl" ood, doors and indo s.

TE&. TREE Teak is tall evergreen tree. It has "ello ish $londe to reddish $ro n ood. It attains the height of a$out 6& meter. The fruit is a drupe. It has $luish to hite flo ers. It produces the large leaf similar to the to$acco leaf. The $ark is hitish gra" in colour. It is generall" gro n straight ith the uneven te,ture, medium lusture and the oil" feel. The upper surface of the tree is rough to touch and the inner surface has hairs. The fruit is enclosed $" the $ladder like cal",, hich is light $ro n, ri$$ed and paper". ,ocation ) Teak is ell gro n in all the parts of India. It is also found in the =ir National <ark, )atpura National <ark, <ench Tiger ?eserve in India. (ultivation methods ) The ne plants can also $e propagated from cuttings. It is usuall" planted hen the four to si, eeks old. <lough the land thoroughl" and level it. The $est season to plant the teak is monsoon, most pro$a$l" after the first sho er. 5arr" out eeding operations regularl". Teal re:uires loam" soil rich in humus and having the right content of moisture ith good drainage. It gro s ell in hill" and dr" areas. It re:uires a dr" tropical climate for its gro th. It flo ers in fe$ruar" and March. Medicinal uses ) Teak also holds the medicinal value. The $ark is $itter tonic and is considered useful in fever. It is also useful in headache and stomach pro$lems. /igestion ma" $e enhanced $" the teak ood or $ark.

*ther uses ) It is used in the furniture making, $oat decks and for indoor flooring. It is idel" used to make the doors and house indo s. It is resistant to the attack of termites. Its ood contains scented oil hich is the repellent to insects. The leaves "ield the d"e hich is used to colour the clothes and edi$le. Teak is pro$a$l" the $est

protected commercial species in the orld.

-EE-&, TREE Description : Peepal is a large, fast growing deciduous tree. It has a heart shaped leaves. It is a medium size tree and has a large crown with the wonderful wide spreading branches. It shed its

leaves in the month of March and April. The fruits of the Peepal are hidden with the figs. The figs are ripen in the month of May. The figs which contain the flowers grow in pairs just below the leaves and loo li e the berries. Its bar is light gray and peels in patches. Its fruit is purple in colour. It is one of the longest living trees. Location : Peepal tree is grown throughout India. It is mainly grown in !tate of "aryana, #ihar, $erala and Madhya Pradesh. It is also found in the %anthambore &ational Par in India. Cultivation : Peepal tree is easily propagated through the seeds or through the cuttings. It can grow in any type of soil. 'oung peepal needs proper nourishment. It re(uires full sunlight and proper watering. Medicinal uses : This tree of life has also got the medicinal value. The juice of its leaves e)tracted by holding them near the fire can be used as the ear drop. Its power bar has been used to heal the wounds for years. The bar of the tree is useful in inflammations and glandular swelling of the nec . Its root bar is useful for stomatitis, clean ulcers, and promotes granulations. Its roots are also good for gout. The roots are even chewed to prevent gum diseases. Its fruit is la)ative which promotes digestion and chec s vomiting. Its ripe fruits are good for the foul taste, thirst and heart diseases. The powered fruit is ta en for Asthma. Its seeds have proved useful in urinary troubles. The leaves are used to treat constipation. Other uses : People in India collect the Peepal leaves, clean them, dry them and than paint them with the gold acrylic in order to preserve them for years. *rom the bar of the Peepal tree reddish dye is e)tracted. Its leaves are used to feed the camels and the elephants. +hen the leaves are dried they are used for the decoration purpose.