]H/g;

mfuhjpapy;
splk;

vd;gjw;F khw;Wjy; vd;W nghUshFk;. ,f;fiy mwpQHf

vd;gJ

xU %yr; nrhy;iy ehk; tpUk;Gk; nghUs;fSf;fhf gy

mikg;Gfshf khw;Wtjw;Ff; $wg;gLk;. cjhuzkhf nra;jhd; vd;gjw;F ,

nra;jhs; vd;gjw;F

>

nra;thd; vd;gjw;F

vd;W khw;WtJ NghyhFk;. ,f;fiyf;F

Jf; nfhs;sg;gLk;.

-vd;gJ

(tpidr;

nra; vd;gjw;F

nrhy;) fUthf vLj;

nrd;w> tUk;> epfo; Mfpa %d;W fhyq;fspy; xU fhyj;ijf;

fhl;lf; $bajhFk;. ,e;j

( nrd;w
-

fhyk;)
( tUk;> epfo;fhyk;)

( Vty;)( tpyf;fy;) vd 4 gq;FfshFk;.

apy;
( nra;tpid)
( nrag;ghl;L

cs;sd.

tpid) vd ,U tiffs;

]H/g;

( 1)

( Mz;ghy;
,jpy; 14 mikg;Gfs; cs;sd. ,g;gjpehd;fpy; Kjy; 3

( ngz;ghy; glHf;if)>3tJ 3

glHf;if)> 2tJ 3

( ngz;ghy; Kd;dpiy)> 5 tJ 2
(Mz;ghy; Kd;dpiy)> 4tJ 3

( jd;dpiy).
,e;j 14 mikg;GfSf;Fk; ( nrd;w fhy cld;ghL) vd;W

$wg;gLk;. mit:

gy Mz;fs;
nra;jhHfs;
gy ngz;fs;
nra;jhHfs;
ePq;fs; gyH
nra;jPHfs;
ePq;fs; gyH
nra;jPHfs;

ehq;fs; nra;Njhk;

vy;yh

,U Mz;fs;
nra;jhHfs;
,U ngz;fs;
nra;jhHfs;
ePq;fs; ,UMz;fs;
nra;jPHfs;
ePq;fs; ngz;fs;
nra;jPHfs;
ehd; nra;Njd;

mtd; nra;jhd;
mts; nra;jhs;
eP nra;jha;
eP nra;jha;

fSf;Fk; itNa Kd;khjpupahff; nfhs;sg;gLk;.

Kjy; vOj;Jf;F
vOj;Jf;F

fypkh

mjhtJ

tpd;

vd;Wk;> 2 tJ vOj;Jf;F fypkh vd;Wk;> 3 tJ

tpd; Kjy; vOj;Jf;F

vOj;Jf;F fypkh vd;Wk;> 3 tJ vOj;Jf;F fypkh

fypkh vd;Wk; $wg;gLk;. cjhuzkhf

fypkh vd;Wk;> 2 tJ
vd;Wk; $wg;gLk;.

vd;why; vd;d?
2. vd;why; vd;d? mit
1.

vOJ!

ahit?

vj;jid gq;F? cjhuzj;Jld;

;]H/g

;- ,we;j fhy nra;tpid> cld;ghL> glHf;if> xUik> Mz;ghy

;--,we;j fhy nra;tpid> cld;ghL> glHf;if> ,Uik> Mz;ghy ;,we;j fhy nra;tpid> cld;ghL> glHf;if> gd;ik> Mz;ghy

,e;j cs;slf;fj;jpw;F vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;. ,g;NghJ $wg;gl;lJ Nghd;Nw ,e;j %d;W

mikg;Gfs; my;yhjtw;wpf;Fk;; me;je;j ,lq;fSf;Fj; jFe;j thHj; ijfis khw;wpf; nfhs;s
Ntz;Lk;;.

d; 3
d; 3 fisAk; 4 tjw;F d; 3 fisAk; 3 tjw;F
! fisAk; $Wf d; 2 fisAk; 5 tjw;F

fisAk; 2 tjw;F

gapw;rp: fPo;fhz;gtw;wpy; 1 tjw;F

d; 3

]H/g;

( 2)

I Mf;f

fypkhTf;F k; fypkhTf;F
Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;Fk; Nkw; nrd;w 14 mikg;Gfs; tUk;. mit:
mtHfs;
nra;ag;gl;lhHfs;
gy ngz;fs;

nra;ag;gl;lhHfs;
ePq;fs;
nra;ag;gl;BHfs;
ePq;fs;
nra;ag;gl;BHfs;;
ehq;fs;
nra;ag;gl;Nlhk;

,U Mz;fs;
nra;ag;gl;lhHfs;
,U ngz;fs;
nra;ag;gl;lhHfs;
,U Mz;fs;
nra;ag;gl;BHfs;
,U ngz;fs;
nra;ag;gl;BHfs;

ehd; nra;ag;gl;Nld;

k;

mtd;

nra;ag;gl;lhd;
mts;

nra;ag;gl;lhs;
eP nra;ag;gl;lha;
eP nra;ag;gl;lha;;

nra;a

1. I Mf;f vd;d nra;a Ntz;Lk;? cjhuzj;Jld; vOJ

( 3)

I Mf;f mjd; Muk;gj;jpy; itr; NrHf;fNtz;Lk;. c.k;

mtd; nra;atpy;iy -- mtd; nra;ag;gltpy;iy

-mtHfs; mtiuf; nfhy;yTkpy;iy> rpYitapy; mbf;fTkpy;iy


-mtHfs; kuzkilaTk; ,y;iy> nfhy;yg;glTkpy;iy.
1. , Mfpa ,t;tpuz;ilAk;
Lk;? cjhuzq;fSld; tpsf;Ff!

Mf;f vd;d nra;a Ntz;

( 4)

vd;w ehd;F vOj;Jf;fspy; xd;

iwr; NrHf;fNtz;Lk;. ,e;ehd;F vOj;Jf;fSf;F
( Kohupapd;


Mf;f mjd; Muk;gj;jpy;

milahs vOj;Jf;fs;)vd;W $wg;gLk;.

]H/g;

mts; nra;ths;> nra;fpwhs;>

eP nra;tha;> nra;fpwha; - ngz;
ehq;fs; nra;Nthk;> nra;fpNwhk;.

mtd; nra;thd;> nra;fpwhd;

eP nra;tha;> nra;fpwha; -Mz;

ehd; nra;Ntd;> nra;fpNwd;>

Fwpg;G: tUk; fhyk;> epfo;fhyk; Mfpa ,uz;bw;Fk; nghJthdJ. tUk; fhyj;

my;yJ
vd;w

jpw;F kl;LNk Mf;Ftjw;F mjd; Muk;gj;jpy;

Jf;fspy; xdiwr; NrHf;fNtz;Lk;.

kilaHfs;

$WthHfs;>

vd;gJNghy. epfo; fhyj;jpw;F kl;LNk Mf;F tjw;F

vijNaDk; xd;iwr; NrHf;f Ntz;Lk;.

,g;NghJ
Lg;gLfpwhd;.

gbf;fpNwd;>

Mf;f

rpf;F Ke;jpa vOj;Jf;F

mwpe;J

, ,

elf;fpwha;>

nfhs;tPHfs;
vd;w ,tw;wpy;

,g;NghJ

d; milahs vOj;Jf;fSf;F

fl;

k; fil

nra;aNtz;Lk;. ,jidAk; nra;tpidiag; Nghd;Nw

nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.()

k;

,g;NghJ

,uz;L vOj;

nra;ag;gLthd;> nra;ag;gLfpwhd;.

I
- Mf;f mjd; Muk;gj;jpy;

itr; NrHf;fNtz;Lk;.

cjhuzk;:

nra;ag;glkhl;lhd;.

nra;akhl;lhd;>

( 5)

Md cld; vd;w ,ize;J tUk;> mg;gb tUk; NghJ

rpy khw;

EioAk;NghJ xUikfs;> jd;dpiyg; gd;ik Mfp

nra;Ak;> mjw;F vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;> NkYk; ,J

wq;fis Vw;gLj;Jk;. mjhtJ

atw;wpd; filrpf;F

,Uikfspd; >Mz;ghy; gd;ikfspd;

> Kd;dpiyg; ngz;ghy;

xU ikapd;

Mfp

]H/g;
atw;iwg; Nghf;fptpLk;> mj;Jld;
fptpLk;.

apd; mHj;jj;ij

mHj;jkhf Mf;
ehd;F

(e`;Aila

yh)

g; Nghd;Nw thHj;ijapy; kl;Lk; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; NtW

fs; cs;sd. mit gw;wp

me;ehd;F
> >
MfpaitahFk;.

y; tpupthff; $wg;gLk;.

(mk;Uila

mtd; nra;atpy;iy> mts;

ehq;fs;

1. y;

yhk;)>

nra;atpy;iy>

ehd; nra;atpy;iy

nra;atpy;iy.

eP

eP

nra;a tpy;iy
nra;atpy;iy

,izAk;NghJ

vd;ndd;d khw;wq;fs; nra;Ak;> me;j Nghd;Nw

mky; nra;af; $ba NtW vj;jid vOj;Jf;fs; cs;sd? tpsf;fkhf vOJ

( 6)

Md cld; vd;w ,ize;J tUk;> mg;gb tUk; NghJ rpy khw;
wq;fis Vw;gLj;Jk;. mjhtJ EioAk;NghJ xUikfs;> jd;dpiyg; gd;ik Mfp
atw;wpd; filrpf;F nra;Ak;> mjw;F
vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;> NkYk; ,J Ig;
Nghd;Nw ,Uikfspd; >Mz;ghy; gd;ikfspd; > Kd;dpiyg; ngz;ghy; xU
ikapd; Mfpatw;iwg; Nghf;fptpLk;> mj;Jld;
ia Mf;fp cWjpg;gLj;
Jk;. Ig; Nghd;Nw thHj;ijapy; kl;Lk; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; NtW %d;W
fs; cs;sd. mit gw;wp
ahFk;.

y; tpupthff; $wg;gLk;. mk;%d;W

> >

Mfpait

]H/g;
epr;rakhf mtd;
nra;akhl;lhd;
epr;rakhf eP
nra;akhl;lha;>

epr;rakhf mts;
nra;akhl;lhs;>
epr;rakhf ehd;
nra;akhl;Nld;

epr;rakhf eP
nra;akhl;lha;>
epr;rakhf
ehq;fs;
nra;akhl;Nlhk;.

,
, ,it Ir; rhHe;jit. ,J gw;wpa tpguk; mt;tplq;fspy; tpupthff;

$wg;gLk;.

1.

y; ,izAk;NghJ

vd;ndd;d khw;wq;fs; nra;Ak;> me;j Nghd;Nw

mky; nra;af; $ba NtW vj;jid vOj;Jf;fs; cs;sd? tpsf;fkhf vOJ

gapw;rp: fPo;fhZk; Kjy; %d;iw

Mf> 3 tJ %d;iw

Mf>

nra;f!

Mf> 2 tJ %d;iw

1

2

3

I Mf;f vd;d nra;a Ntz;Lk;?
2
y; , EioAk;NghJ vd;ndd;d nra;Ak;? cld;
1

vOJ

( 7)

(Vty;)

glHf;if)>

( Vty;

Kd;dpiy) vd ,U gq;

d; Muk;gj;jpy; cs;s Ir; NrHj;J

mJ MfptpLk;. mit:

FfshFk;.
nra;jhy;

( Vty;

filrpf;F R$d;

]H/g;

mtd; nra;al;Lk;> mtd; nra;ag;glTk;.

vLf;f %d;W Kiwfs; cs;sd.

1. d; milahs vOj;ijg; Nghf;f Ntz;Lk; mg;gbg;

mLj;j vOj;Jf;F

vOj;ijg; Nghf;fptpl;lhy; mjw;fLj;j

nra;jhy; kl;Lk; NghJk;.

eP NrHj;Jf; nfhs;>

cq;fspd;

Nghf;fpa gpd;dH mjw;F

,Ue;jhy; filrpf;F R$d; nra;aNtz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf

, vd;gjpy; d; mil ahs

vOj;Jf;F
,Ug;gjhy; filrpf;F

eP fw;Wf; nfhs;

nrhe;jge;jq;fis NrHj;J thOq;fs;>

FHMidg; gbAq;fs;.

2. d; milahs vOj;ijg; Nghf;fpa gpd;dH mjw;F mLj;j vOj;Jf;F

,Ue;jhy; mijg; gbf;f KbahJ> Mjyhy; mjw;Lj;j vOj;ijg; ghHf;fNtz;Lk;>
mjw;F

filrpf;F

cs;s itr; NrHj;J

nra;aNtz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf

, vd;gjpy; d;

my;yJ

,Ue;jhy; Muk;gj;jpy;

milahs vOj;ijg; Nghf;fpa gpd;dH mjw;fLj;j vOj;Jf;F

gj;jpy;

cs;s itr;

,Ug;gjhy;

Muk;

NrHj;J filrpf;F R$d; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

eP Nghf;fp tpL.
eP gpuNahrdk; nra;>

3 d; milahs vOj;ijg; Nghf;fpa gpd;dH mjw;F mLj;j vOj;Jf;F

,Ue;jhy; mijg; gbf;f KbahJ Mjyhy; mjw;Lj;j vOj;ijg; ghHf;fNtz;Lk;>
mjw;F

,Ue;jhy; Muk;gj;jpy;

nra;aNtz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf

cs;s

itr; NrHj;J filrpf;F

,
vd;gjpy;

d; milahs vOj;ijg;


cs;s

;]H/g

;Muk;gj;jpy

; ,Ug;gjhy

Nghf;fpa gpd;dH mjw;fLj;j vOj;Jf;F

NrHj;J filrpf;F R$d; nra;a Ntz;Lk;;.

; itr

cWjpahf ,U

>tho;thjhuk; toq;F

) (8

(Kd;dpiy tpyf;fy;) vd ,U

nra;jhy; mJ itr; NrHj;J filrpf;F

>);(glHf;if tpyf;fy

; d; Muk;gj;jpy tifg;gLk;.

MfptpLk;.

>;eP nra;a Ntz;lhk

>;mtd; nra;a Ntz;lhk

) (9

;]H/g

10

(,NyrhdhJ) vd ,U ) (fdkhdJ
; Mfpatw;wpd; kPJ EioAk; mg , , ; fSk ,t;tpU
);E}d

NrHf;fg;gLk;.

;(cWjpg;gLj;Jk
tifg;gLk;.

nra;ag;gl;l ;gb EioAk;NghJ mtw;wpd; Muk;gj;jpy

; Tf;F c.k ;cld

;epr;rakhf mtd; nra;thd

>epr;rakhf ePH e\;lkile;jtHfspy; MfptpLtPH

epr;rakhf cq;fspd; rpiyfis cilj;njwpNtd;.

epr;rakhf mtd;nra;ag;gLthd;.

;c.k

Tf;F ; cld

;md;iwa jpdk; ghf;fpaq;fs; gw;wp epr;rak; ePq;fs; tprhupf;fg

;Tf;F c. k

; cld

gLtPHfs;.

epr;rakhf mtd; nra;al;Lk;.

epr;rakhf mtHfs; ,t;tPl;bd; ,iwtid tzq;fl;Lk;.

; epr;rakhf mtd ; Tf;F c.k ; cld

;epr;rakhf eP nra

;nra;ag;gll;Lk

;c.k

Tf;F ; cld

;c.k

1B

2B

Tf;F ; cld

3B

4B

5B

]H/g;

epr;rakhf

11

mtd; nra;a Ntz;lhk;;

epr;rakhf eP nra;a Ntz;lhk;
cld; Tf;F c. k;

cila mHj;jk;jhd;> ,JTk; tuf;$ba fspy;

vdNt mij nra;tJNghy ,ijAk; nra;J nfhs;sNtz;Lk;>
- - Mfpa ,uz;bYk; ,U R$Ds;s vOj;Jf;fs;

Fwpg;G: ,jw;Fk;
tUk;
,e;j

NrHtjhy; tuhJ.

fspd; gq;Ffshd , , , Mfpa

,dp fSila cl;gpupTisg; ghHg;Nghk;.

,Jtiu
tpl;lJ.

ehd;Fk; KbTw;W

( 10)

mHj;jk;>

thHj;ijiaf; ftdpj;J ,uz;L> ,uz;L gq;Ffs; cs;sd. mHj;

jj;ijf; ftdpj;Js;s ,U gq;Ffs;

(1)

( Fd;wpa tpid) nra;gtdpd; nray; mtid tpl;Lk; flf;fhjJ>

- fhypj; mkHe;jhd;> - FHMd; ,wq;fpaJ>

i]j; nrd;whd;>
-ghj; jpkh

- K`k;kj; epd;whd;>

-Mkpdh J}q;fpdhs;.
rpupj;jhs;>

c.k;

(2)
( Fd;whtpid) nra;gtdpd; nray; mtid tpl;Lk; fle;J tplf;$baJ.

]H/g;

12

- `]d; Mg;gps; rhg; gpl;lhd;>

-ghj;jpkh ghlk; gbj;jhs;>

`{i]d; MuQ;R [{]; Fbj;jhd;>

c.k;:

-Map\h FHMd; kddk; nra;jhs;.

Kjy; 6 cjhuzq;fs;

MFk;. ,e;j MW cjhuzq;fspy; nra;gtdpd; nray;

mtid tpl;Lk; flf;ftpy;iy. ,uz;lhtJ 6 MFk;. ,t;thwpYk; nra;gtdpd;

nray; mtid tpl;Lk; fle;J nra;gL nghU spd; mstpy; nrd;Wtpl;lJ

Fwpg;G: 1. d; Muk;gj;jpy; Ir; NrHj;jhy; my;yJ mjd; fypkhit ,ul;bg;

ghf;fpdhy; my;yJ ,Wjpapy; itr; NrHj;jhy; mJ MfptpLk;;.

fhypj; gf;iu Fbf;fitj;jhd;>

-my;yh`; FH

- `hkpj; i]ij nry;y itj;jhd;.
vd;d? I Mf;f vd;d nra;aNtz;Lk;?

Mid ,wf;fpdhd;>

vd;why;
cjhuzj;Jld; vOJ!

( 11)

sJ)>
Fk;>

thHj;ijiaf; ftdpj;J

(%d;W vOj;Jf;fs; kl;Lk; cs;

(ehd;F vOj;Jf;fs; kl;Lk; cs;sJ) vd;W ,uz;L gq;Ffsh

( %d;nwOf;fistpl mjpfkhf;fg;gl; lit)

mt;tpuz;by;

( ehd;F vOj;Jf;fistpl mjpfkhf;fg;gl;lit) vd ,uz;L gq;Ffsh fpd;wd

Mf ehd;F gq;Ffshfpd;wd.

NkNy

nrd;Wtpl;l
MFk;.
mit tUkhW:

y; %d;W gq;Ffs;

cs;sd.

]H/g;

13

1) xU vOj;J mjpfkhf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jw;F %d;W mikg;;Gfs; cs;sd. mit:,wq;fpdhd;

,wq;fpdhd;
rz;ilapl;lhd;

2) ,U vOj;Jf;fs; mjpfkhf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jw;F 5 mikg;Gfs; cs;sd.

tpsq;fpdhd;



NrHe;jhd;

cile;jJ

rpte;jhd;


,wq;fpdhd;

fPo;fhz;ftw;wpy; Kjyhtij
MfTk; nra;f!

MfTk;

2 Mtij

Tk;

3 Mtij

3. %d;W vOj;Jf;fs; mjpfkhf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jw;F 7 mikg;Gfs; cs;sd.

mjpfk; rpte;jhd;

Gy; g+z;L Kisj;jJ

Fjpiu rthup nra;jhd;

njhe;jp ele;jhd;

epkpHe;J gLj;jhd;

cNuhkf;fhy; Kb rpypHj;jJ

ntspahfj; Njbdhd;

Fwpg;G: 1. Nkw; nrd;w 3 gq;Ffspy; 3 MtJ gq;fpd; Kjy; mikg;G ePq;fyhf cs;s
Vida 6 mikg;GfSk; gof;fj;jpy; FiwthfNt tUk;. ,t;thW Fiwthf tUt

]H/g;

14

jw;F
vd;Wk; mjpfkhf gof;fj;jpYs;stw;Wf;F

vd;Wk; $wg;gLk;. 3 MtJ

2. ,e;j %d;W gq;FfspYs;s 15 mikg;GfisAk;

d; Ys;s

gq;fpd; Kjy; mikg;Gk; 1 MtJ 2 MtJ gq;fpd; vy;yh mikg;GfSk; MFk;.

14

mikg;G fisg; Nghd;W nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. c.k;

...



...

...

3. ,tw;iw Mf;f Ig; Nghd;Nw KjnyOj;jpw;F k; filrpf;F
Ke;jpa vOj;jpw;F k; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. mj;Jld; xU rpwpa tpj;jpahrk; mjhtJ
,tw;wpy; KjnyOj;jpw;F nra;tJ Nghy cs;s vOj;Jf;fspd; Kjy;
vOj;Jf;Fk; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. apy; kl;Lk;jhd; tUk;. y;
tuhJ. c.k;

...

...

....
4. Nkw;nrd;Ws;s midj;J fisAk; , , Mf;Ftjpy; Nkw;$wpa rl;
lNk> MapDk; ehd;nfOj;Js;s d; apYk; cila Yk; rpwpa

khw;wKs;sJ. mjhtJ y; milahs vOj;Jf;F k; filrpf;F

Ke;jpa vOj;Jf;F k; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. cila y; mjd;

Muk;gj;jpy; cs;s itf;f Ntz;Lk;> Vnddpy; d; m]y; MFk;.

apd; milahs vOj;ijg; Nghf;fpa gpd;dH mLj;j vOj;Jf;F ,Ug;gjhy;

;

mij mg; gbNa itj;J filrpf;F nra;jpl Ntz;Lk;. c .k;

]H/g;

15

-fz;zpag;gLj;jpdhd;> -fw;Wf;

nfhLj;jhd;>

Cryhl;lk; nra;jhd;.

4. ,k;%d;W mikg;Gfspy; vd;w mikg;gpYs;s

-rjpnra;jhd;>
itj;

jtpu kw;wa mikg;G

fSf;F
vd;Wk; tpd; Tf;F

thHj;ijapd; Muk;gj;jpy;> cr;rupf;fg;gl;L ,il apy;

fspd; Muk;gj;jpYs;s
vd;Wk; $wg;gLk;.

tUk;NghJ cr;rupf;fg;glkhl;lhJ.
c.k;

-,iwth! vd;id

vy;yh

kd;dpg;ghahf!>

kd;dpg;Gf; NfhupdhH

- ,iwth!

epiyapYk; cr;rupf;fg;g Lk;.

-mtH

jkJ ,iwt dplk;

euf neUg;ig tpl;Lk; vq;fisg; ghJfhg;ghahf!

Fwpg;G: Mfpa %d;wpYk; rpy khw;wq;fSld; NtW mikg;G

fs; gpwf;fpd;wd. mit.

Mfpa ,uz;bd; fypkhtpy Mfpa

11 vOj;Jf;fspy; xU vOj;J ,Ue;jhy; tpd;
Ig; Nghf;fp> mij itg; Nghy
khw;wp> mij tpy; ,izj;J> Muk;gj;jpy; cs;s Nrh;j;Jf; nfhs;syhk;;.

,t;thW nra;Ak;NghJ vd;w ,t;tpuz;Lk;
vd;W khwptpLk;.

it fypkhthd itg; Nghy khw;wp it tpy; ,izj;J> Muk;gj;jpy;

cs;s I NrHj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,g;NghJ vd;gJ vd;W
Mfptpl;lJ. ,ijr; nra;Ak; Kiw:

NghHit NghHj;jpdhd;;
c.k; 1.

vd;gjpy;

fypkh

thf

,Ug;gjhy;

tpd;

Ig;

Nghf;fp

]H/g;

16

2. vd;gjpy;

fypkhtpy; ,Ug;gjhy; mjd; Ig; Nghf;fp it

fypkhthd itg; Nghy khw;wp it tpy; ,izj;J> Muk;gj;jpy; cs;s

NrHf;Fk;NghJ vd;gJ vd;W Mfp tpLk;. ,ij nra;Ak; Kiw:

fdkhdJ
tpd; Id; fypkhtpy; NkNy ehk; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s 11 vOj;Jf;fspy; xd;W ,Ue;
jhy; tpd; I Tf;Fj; jpUg;gp> it Ig; Nghy khw;wp I y;
,izg;gJk; Ig; Nghf;FtJk; $Lk;. ,g;gbr; nra;Ak; NghJ

vd;gJ vd;W

vd;gjd; fypkh Mf ,Ug;gjhy; tpd; I

it Ig; Nghy khw;wp I y; ,izj;J Ig; Nghf;fp

khwp tpLfpwJ. c.k;

Tf;Fj; jpUg;gp>
tpl;lhy;
( tof;

fhbdhd;) vd;W MfptpLk;.

tpd; fypkhtpy; , , , Mfpa ehd;F vOj;Jf;fspy; xd;W

,Ue; jhy;

it Mf khw;w Ntz;Lk;;. c.k; (,zf;fkhdhd;)

tpd; m]y;

vd;wpUf;Fk; fypkhtpy; ,Ug;gjhy; mij Mf khw;wp>

vd;W $w
Ntz;Lk;. ,t;thNw ( tpul;bdhd;)tpd; m]y; thFk; fypkhtpy;

,Ug;gjhy; it Mf khw;wp it y; ,izj;J tplNtz;Lk;.

vd;gjd; m]y; thFk; fypkhtpy; ,Ug;gjhy; it Mf khw;wp

Tk; k; cr;rupg;gpy; rpwpJ xg;G ,Ug;gjhy; it Mf khw;wp I y;

,izj;J ( mepahak; nra;jhd;) vd;W $wyhk;;.

]H/g;

17

, Mfpa ,uz;by;
kl;LNk cs;sJ. mJ , MFk;.

xt;nthd;Wf;Fk; xNu xU mikg;G

c.k;;
- cUl;bdhd;> cUz;lhd;;. ,jw;Fupa thHj;ijfs; vz;zptpLks tpw;Nf cs;sd. cjhuzj;
jpw;F - Gul;bdhd;>

Guz;lhd;>

- je;jpuk; nra;tpj;jhd;>
- je;jpuk; nra;jhd;> - Nfhg%l;bdhd;> Nfhgk; nfhz;lhd;> - rq;fpypahy; gpizj;jhd;> rq;fpypj; njhluh dJ>
- - gp];kpy;yh`; nrhd;dhd;>

-yh`t;y tyh Ft; tj;j ,y;yhgpy;yh`; vd;W $wpdhd;>

eLq;f

itj;jhd;>

eLq;fpdhd;>

J}ukhf;fpdhd;>
J}ukhdhd; vd;gd Nghy.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

vd;why; vd;d? mjd; gq;Ffis KOikahf

1.
2.

vOJ!

vd;W vtw;Wf;F $wg;gLk;? mt;tpuz;bw;fpilapYs;s

tpj;jpahrnkd;d? cjhuzq;fSld; tpsf;F!

3. rpW khw;wq;fSld;; cUthfp ,Uf;fpd;wd mikg;Gfspy; ,U mikg;G fis
cjhuzq;fSld; tptupj;J vOJf!
gapw;rp:

it

MfTk;>

it

it MfTk;> it
, MfTk; nra;f!

MfTk;>

, , , Mfpa ehd;ifAk; mit

rk;ge;jg;gl;ltw;iwAk; njupe;J nfhz;Nlhk;. ,dp fSld; rk;ge;jg;gl;l rpy
,Jtiu

fspd; gq;Ffshd

fs; cs;sd. mit:

( 12)
1.

( njhopy; ngaH)

y; ,jw;nfd;W xU Fwpg;gpl;l mikg;G fpil

ahJ. ,jw;F
( nrtptopr; nra;jp) vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;. mjhtJ muGfs;
gad;gLj;jpa Kiwapy; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

my;yhjtw;wpy;

nfd;W Fwpg;gpl;l mikg;Gfs; cs;sd.

mtw;wpw;F
( xg;G Nehf;fy;) vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;.

Fupa mikg;Gfis fPo;fhZk; ml;ltiz %yk; njsp

thfg; Gupe;J nfhs;syhk;. mtw;iw fPo;fhZk; ml;ltizapy; fhzyhk;.

;]H/g

18

6B

0B

; vd;Wk f;F ;Fwpg;G: ml;ltizapy; %d;nwOj;Jf;fs; kl;LKs;stw;wpy
f;F; vd;Wk f;F ; vd;Wk; %d;nwOj;jy;yhjtw;wpy f;F
10B

7B

8B

9B

1B

12B

;]H/g

19

nrhy;yg;gLk;. NkNy %d;nwOj;Jf;fspy; ehk; $wpapUg;gJNghyNt

, f;F-
vd;Wk; ,J Nghd;W > , f;F -

;vd;Wk

mit my;yhjtw;wpYk; $wpf; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. mjhtJ

>; vd;Wk , -

vy;yhtw;Wf;Fk; $wpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

MFk;.

f;Fupa mikg;G

;vd;Wk

mikg;G

f;Fupa

;y

vd;Wk; tUk;. c.k;.

2.

__

__

; nra;jtd;> nra;gtd;> nra;fpwtd

; nra;ag;gl;ltd;> nra;ag;gLfpwtd;> nra;ag;gLtd

>; ehd; New;W ehw;fhypapy; mkHe;jpUe;Njd

>; ,d;W mkHe;jpUf;fpNwd

ehis
,J > ,J New;W mWf;fg;gl;lJ
>;mkHe;jpUg;Ngd
>,d;W mWf;fg;gLfpwJ

mJ ehis mWf;fg;gl cs;sJ.
; y; Fiw> epwk; Mfpatw;iwf; fhl;lf;$batw;wpy Fwpg;G:;vd;w mikg;gpy; tUk;. c.k

;]H/g

20

= nehz;b

= ;fUg;gd
= ; nts;isad

vd;w mikg;gpYk; tUk;. mg;gb tUk;NghJ

;rkak

---

Fwpg;G: rpy

; d; nghUSf;Fk; gad;gLj ; ypd; mHj;jk;jhd;. rpyrkak

; d; nghUshd nfhy;yg;gl;ltd; vd;Wk; nghUs vd;gjw;F jg;gLk;.

nfhs;sg;gLk;.

; d; milahs vOj;jpd f;Fupa mikg;G ; y

nra;a Ir; NrHj;J filrpf;F Ke;jpa vOj;Jf;F nra;ag;gl;l ;,lj;jpy

Ntz;Lk;.

I nra;ag;gl;l
; f;F c.k nra;a Ntz;Lk;. NrHj;J filrpf;F Ke;jpa vOj;jpw;F
;d; milahs vOj;jpd; ,lj;jpy

f;F

;f;F c. k

-
-


-
-
-

13B

;]H/g

21

d; mikg;Gfs; vt;thW ; Mfpa ,uz;bd ,

!tUk;? cjhuzq;fSld; vOJf
;,Jtiu NkNy nrd;Ws;stw;wpd; mikg;Gfis fPo;tUk; ml;ltizapd; %yk
njspthfg; Gupe;J nfhs;syhk;.

------

------

-----

------

------

-----------

]H/g;

22

( fhy> ,lg; ngaupd;) mikg;G vd;W

vd;gijg;Nghy. rpyrkak; mikg;gpYk;

tUk;. c.k;

vd;gijg; Nghy.
Gj;jff;fil> E}yfk; > mYtyfk;


tPL> tpLjp> jq;Fkplk; =
gs;spf;$lk;> fy;Y}up

vd;w mikg;Gfspy; tUk;) c.k;
( fUtpg; ngaH) ,J

- jpwf;Fk; fUtp> jpwT Nfhy;. tpsf;FkhH> ngUf;fp Rj;jk; nra;Ak;

tUk;.

vy;yhtw;Wf;Fk; ,e;j thHj;ijjhd;.

( xg;G

caHT ngaH nrhy;),J Mz;ghYf;F

( mjpfk;

nra;gtd;)

( mjpfk; nra;gts;) vd;Wk; tUk;. ,J epwk;> Fiw vd;w

nghUisj; juhj y; kl;LNk vLf;fg;g Lk;. my;yhjjpy; epwk;>
Fiw vd;w nghUisj; juf;$bajpy; vLg;gjw;F mjpfk;> fLik vd;w
nghUs; juf;$ba itf; nfhz;L te;J gpd;dH me;j d; I

nra;J $w Ntz;Lk;. c.k;
-mjpfkhf ntspapy; nry;gtd;>
- ,td; ngUk; nrtpld; vd;git Nghy.
-,td; ey;y rptg;ghdtd;>

vd;Wk; ngz;ghYf;F

apypUe;J
nfhs;syhk;.

tiu fPo;fhZk; ml;ltizapy; vspjhfg; Gupe;J

,
,

,
---------

,
---------

16B

15B

14B

]H/g;
1.

, ,

gapw;rp: fPo;fhz;gtw;iw

23

Mfpaitfspd; mikg;Gfis vOJ!

apypUe;J tiu

nra;f!

-



, -
- ,

.13

mjd; vOj;Jf;fisf; ftdpj;J , vd ,U gq;FfshFk;.

vd;gJ , , fypkhf;fsppy; ( rPf;F) vOj;Jf;fs;> ,ul;bg;G vOj;J>
ait ,y;yhj jhFk;. ,itfspy; xd;W ,Ue;jhy; mJ

Mfp

MFk;.

, , fypkhf;fsppy; vOj;Jf;fshd Mfpa %d;

nwOj;Jf;fspy; xd;wpUe;jhy; mjw;F Md (rPf;F) vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;.

tpYs;s

- vd

%d;W gq;FfshFk;.

;]H/g

24

cila vOj;Jfspy; xU vOj;J ,Ue;jhy; mjw;F ; fypkhtpy

(xg;gh
Md nra;Ak;NghJ mJ I ;dJ) vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;. ,jd
; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. c.k f;F xg;ghtjhy; ,jw;F

;nra;Ak

Mfpatw;iw

,
;f;F c.k

NghJ fil

;Mfpatw

fypkh Nghf;fg;gLk;.

;ypy

Md

NghJ

; fypkhit Nghf;fpAk; Nghf;fhkYk; nrhy;yyhk; Nghf;Fk ; y

; it NrHj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. c.k cila rpapy; xU

ePq;fyhf
; fypkh Nghf;fg;glkhl;lhJ. c.k ;wpy

;]H/g

25

, - ,

; y; vJTk; Nghf;fg;glkhl;lhJ .c.k cs;s

....

I ;,Ue;jhy ,Ue;J mjw;F Ke;jpa vOj;Jf;F f;F ; y cs;s

;Mf khw;wNtz;Lk;. c.k

f;F ; y cs;s vd;gJ Nghy ; vd;gjpy
; Mf khw;w Ntz it ; ,Ue;jhy ,Ue;J mjw;F Ke;jpa vOj;jpw;F
;nra;Ak;NghJ vJTk; Nghf;fg;glkhl;lhJ. MapDk

$WtJ Nghy.

it

thf khw;wp

; itAk

;itAk

vd;W

; vd;gjpy
;Lk;. c.k

; tpy ;fspd cs;s

;tpy; ,izf;f Ntz;Lk;. c.k

,d;Dk; ,t;tpuz;by; ,g;gbAk; nrhy;yyhk;.

; MfTk; ,Ue;jhy; ,t;tpuz;ilAk Tf;Fk; Ke;jpa vOj;jF;F ; f;Fk
MfTk; khw;w Ntz;Lk;. ; ,Ue;jhy ; MfTk ;,Ue;jhy

;]H/g

26

2
d; vOj;Jfspy; xd;W ,Ug;gjw;F nrhy;yg;gLk;. ; fypkhtpy vd;gJ
; d vd;W nrhy;yg;LfpwJ. ;,jpy; eLtpy; ,ilntsp ,Ug;gjhy
;nrhy;tJ Nghy. c.k

fypkh

tiu

;Nkw;nrd;w %d;W cjhuzq;fspYk

; fypkhtpw;Fj; jpUg;gpa gpd; ,U R$Ds;s vOj I

Mf;Fk;NghJ

nra;J f;F ;,Ue;jhYk

;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. c.k

;tpd

fypkh Nghf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jid

; thf Mf;fpf fypkhit f;F NjhJthf

ypUe;J

;Jf;fs; re;jpg;gjhy

cs;s vJthf

Mf khw;wg;gLk;. ; itAk ; IAk ; y

; vd;Wk vd;gjpy ; vd;Wk ; vd;gjpy

nra;ag;gLk;. fhZkhW

;y; fPo

;]H/g

27

fypkhtpw;F jpUg;g Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf

; vd;Wk
; vd;gjd; m]y
fypkhtpw;F I ; fypkhtpd
nra;ag;gLk;.

;vd;gjd; m]y

;fypkhtpd

; vd;Wk

;,tw;wpy

;vd;gjd; m]y

;vd;Wk; ,Uf;Fk; ,t;tidj;jpYk

jpUg;gg;gl;Ls;sJ.

cs;stw;wpy; fPo;fhZkhW

;d

;fypkhtpd

If; nfhz;L

;fisj; jtpu kw;wa vy;yh mikg;GfspYk

,tw;wpy; ,U

f;F NjhJthd vOj;jhd >fypkhtpw;F jpUg;gg;gl;L

; vd;gjd; m]y ; vd;Wk ; vd;gjd; m]y

; vd;Wk
; vd;gjd; m]y
; vd;Wk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,t;tidj;jpYk
f;F NjhJthd vOj;jhd fypkhtpw;F jpUg;gg;gl;L I ;fypkhtpd
tug;gl;Ls;sJ. cjhuzkhf

]H/g;
If; nfhz;L tug;gl;Ls;sJ. ,U

tpw;F jpUg;gpa gpd;dH ,U

gl;Ls;sJ. cjhuzkhf

28

fspy;

fypkhtpd;

fypkh

cs;s vOj;Jf;fs; re;jpg;gjhy; fypkh Nghf;fg;

vd;gjd; m]y; vd;Wk; vd;gjd; m]y;

vd;gjd; m]y; vd;Wk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,t;tidj;jpYk;

fypkhtpd; I fypkhtpw;F jpUg;gg;gl;L gpd;dH fypkh fypkh Mfpa
,uz;bYk; te;jpUg;gjhy; fypkh Nghf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
I fPo;fhZkhW nra;ag;gLk;.
vd;Wk;

,tw;wpy; xUikfspYk;> ngz;ghy; gd;ikfspYk; fypkhtpd; I fypkh
tpw;F jpUg;gg;gl;L gpd;dH fypkhtpYk; fypkhtpYk; ,Ug;gjhy; fypkh
Nghf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. kw;wtw;wpy; ,U R$d;fs; re;jpf;fhjyhy; fypkh nfhz;L
tug;gl;Ls;sJ.

d;

y;

fypkhit

d;

ypy;

thf khw;wg;gLk;. c.k;

fPo;fhz;gJ Nghy nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

;]H/g

29

; fypkhtpw;F jpUg;gg;gl;Ls I ; fypkhtpd

; fypkhtpd ; vd;wpUf;Fk;. ,jpy ; vd;gjd; m]y sJ. cjhuzkhf


; cs;s vOj;Jf;fs fypkhtpw;F jpUg;gpa gpd;dH ,U I Md
Nghf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. re;jpg;gjhy; XU
I Md ; fypkhtpd ; vd;wpUf;Fk;. ,jpy ; vd;gjd; m]y
fypkhtpw;Fj; jpUg;gg;gl;L Mf khw;wp fypkhtpw;Fj; NjhJthd
vd;W
khwptpl;lJ
; vd;gjd; m]y
Md ; fypkhtpd ; vd;wpUf;Fk;. ,jpy
; cs;s vOj;Jf;fs; re;jpg;gjhy fypkhtpw;Fj; jpUg;gpa gpd; ,U I
;,e;j mikg;Gfs; midj;jpYk

Nghf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. xU

I >; Ig; NghyTk I ; y

; nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. c.k ; Ig; NghyTk

]H/g;

30

fspy; fypkhtpd; I fypkhtpw;F jpUg;gg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjh

tJ vd;gjd; vd;Wk;
vd;gjd; m]y;
vd;gjd; vd;Wk;

vd;Wk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,t;tidj;jpYk; fypkhtpd; I fypkhtpw;F

jpUg;gg;gl;L f;F NjhJthd vOj;jhd

nfhz;L tug;gl;Ls;sJ. ,t;thNw

vd;gjd; m]y; vd;Wk;> vd;gjd; m]y; vd;;Wk;>

vd;gjd; m]y;
vd;Wk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,t;tidj;jpYk; fypkh tpd;
I fypkhtpw;F jpUg;gg;gl;L f;F NjhJthd vOj;jhd If; nfhz;L

y;

tug;gl;Ls;sJ.

d; y; Mfpa ,uz;L mikg;Gfisj; jtpu kw;wa

vy;yh mikg;GfisAk; Mf;fg;gLk;.
,t;tpuz;bd; y; fypkhtpd; I fypkhtpw;F

jpUg;gg;gl;L> cila it NrHj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

c.k;

vd;Wk; vd;gjd; m]y; vd;Wk; ,Uf;Fk;

,tw;wpy; fypkhtpd; I fypkhtpw;F nfhLj;J> cila it NrHf;fg;

vd;gjd; m]y;

gl;Ls;sJ.

Ntz;Lk;.

d; mjd;
c.k;

Md I

nra;tJ Nghd;Nw nra;J nfhs;s

;]H/g

31

iag; Nghy nra;J ; y ;d

; vd;g jpy ; vd;Wk ; vd;gjpy ;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. c. k

vd;Wk; $WtJ Nghy.

3
; apy
it ;,Ue;jhy
;,jd

Md vOj;J ,Ug;gjhFk;. ; fypkhtpy vd;gJ

,Ue;J mt;tpuz;bw;Fk; Kd;dhYs;s vOj;jpw;Ff;F
; Mf khw;wg;gLk;.c.k

fypkhit vt;tpj epge;idAkpd;wp ; y

,Ue;J mjw;F Kd;Ds;s vOj;jpw;F fypkhTf;F ;Nghf;fg;gLk;. kw;wtw;wpy
fypkh Nghf;fg;gl ; fypkh Nghf;fg;gLk;. ,jw;F khw;wkhdtw;wpy ; ,Ue;jhy
;Nkw; nrd;wtw;wpy

khl;lhJ.

]H/g;

32

Yk; Nghd;Wjhd;. MapDk; cs;s y; fyp

khit fypkhtpd; f;Fj; NjhJthf IAk; IAk; thf khw;wg;gLk;.
c.k;

y;
fg;gLk;. c.k;

y; kl;Lk;

fypkh vt;tpj epge;idAkpd;wp Nghf;

,tw;wpy; glHf;if> Kd;dpiy gd;ik Mz;ghYk; ngz;ghYk; Njhw;wj;jpy;. xd;W

Nghy Njhd;WfpwJ. Mdhy; m]iy Vw;gLj;jpg; ghHf;Fk; NghJ tpj;jpahrk; fhz
KbAk;.

vd;w Mz;ghypd; m]y;

fypkh Nghf;fg;gl;L

vd;Wk; ngz;ghypy;

vd;Wk; ,Uf;fpwJ. ,t;thNw

vd;w
Kd;dpiy Mz;ghypd; m]y; fypkh Nghf;fg;gl;L vd;Wk; ngz;ghypy; fypkh

fypkh Nghf;fg;glhk NyNa m]ypy;

Nghf;fg;glhky; vd;WkpUf;Fk;.

,tw;wpy; Kd;dpiy xUikg; ngz;ghypd; thHj;ijAk; gd;ikg; ngz;ghy; thHj;ijAk;

Njhw;wj;jpy; xd;WNghy Njhd;WfpwJ. Mdhy; Vw;gL;jpg; ghHf; Fk;NghJ tpj;jpahrk;

fhzyhk;. mjhtJ xUikapy; fypkh Nghf;fg;gl;L

, vd;Wk; cs;sJ.

]H/g;

33

,tw;wpy; glHf;if> Kd;dpiy Mz;ghy;> ngz;ghypd; thHj;ijfs; Njhw;wj;jpy;

xd;W Nghy Njhd;wp dhYk; m]iy Vw;gLj;jpg; ghHf;Fk;; NghJ tpj;jpahrk;;
fhzyhk;. mjhtJ glHf;if Mz;ghy; gd;ik apy; fypkh Nghf;fg;gl;L

vd;Wk; ngz;ghy; gd;ikapy; vJTk Nghf;fg;glhky;

vd;Wk;; cs;sJ.

mJNghd;Nw Kd;dpiy Mz;ghy; gd;ikapy; fypkh Nghf;fg;gl;L vd;Wk;;

ngz;ghy; gd;ikapy; vJTk; Nghf;fg; glhky;

y;

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cs;sJ.

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cs;s d; my;yhjjpy; it Mf khw;wp it

tpy;

,izj;jpl Ntz;Lk;. c.k;

,k;%d;wpy; Kjy; ,uz;Lk; cs;s d; my;yhjjhf ,Ug;gjhy; it

thf

khw;wp it tpy; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jd;

gl;Ls;sJ.

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vd;whfptpl;lJ.
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it>

tpguk; gpd;dhy; $wg;

m]y;
vd;Wk;> vd;gjd; m]y;

vd;WkpUf;Fk;. ,t;tpuz;bYk; it Mf khw;wp it

mjhtJ xU thHj;ijapy; Tk;

cld; ,izj;J

tpy;

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Tk; NrHe;J> f;F R$d; ,Uf;Fkhdhy; it

thf khw;wp it tpy; ,izf;fg;gLk;. Tf;Fj; NjhJthf mjw;F Ke;jpa vOj;

jpw;F f]H nra;J nfhs;sNtz;Lk;.

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%d;whtJ vOj;Jk; my;yJ %d;W vOj;Jf;fspYk;

mit midj;jpw;Fk; ,Jtiu $wg;gl;l rl;lNk.

cila vOj;Jf;fs; tUk;.

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34

vd;why; vd;d? mJ vj;jid gq;F?

2. , , Mfpatw;iw , , , Mf nra;

1.

3. , , Mfpatw;iw ypUe;J

tiu nra;

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vOj;Jk; my;yJ ,uz;lhtJk; ehd;fhk; vOj;Jk; xNu ,d vOj;Jf;fSs;s
jhFk;. c.k;

vd;gJ Nghy. ,e;j

y; Nghf;Fjy;> khw;Wjy; Nghd;w

it tUtjhy; ,ij cld; mwpQHfs; NrHj;Js;sdH> Vndd;why; Nghf;Fjy;>

khw;Wjy; vd;gJjhd; vd;W $Wtjw;Ff; fhuzk;.

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( jLf;fg;gl;lJ) ( nra;ayhk;>

( fl;lhakhdJ)>
-

nra;ahkYk; ,Uf;fyhk;) vd %d;W

tiffs; cs;sd.

fl;lhakhdit:

NkNy Fwpg;gplg;gl;l Mfpatw;wpy;

fl;lhakhFk;.

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35

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, , NkNy Fwpg;gplg;gl;l
nra;tJ $lhJ.

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MFkhdit:

d; xUik clDs;s xUik> glHf;if> Kd;dpiy cila

; k ; k fypkhTf;F ; ,Ue;jhy my;yJ ; fypkhtpy ;Mfpatw;;wpd
;nra;ayhk;. c.k fypkhtpw;F %d;W ; ,Ue; jhy nra;ayhk;. mjw;F

k; itj;Jr; nrhy;yyhk;. ; k fypkhTf;F ; ,tw;wpy

k; itj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. ,J fypkhtpy; %d;W; vd;gjpy

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,
>;; vd;Wk

nra;Ak; Kiw vd;Wk;; $WtJ Nghd;W. ,tw;iw
:

36

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vj;jid gq;F? mtw;iw KOikahf vOJ 2.

12
; vdf ,Ue;jhy; mjw;F ; Mfpa xd;wpy,,
nra;ag;gLk;. MapDk; ,jp Ig;Nghd;Nw Md $wg;gLk;. ,ij
; cld ;Yk;; khw;WtJ> Nghf;F tJ Nghd;wit ,lk; ngWtjhy; ,ijAk
NrHf;fg;gLfpwJ. cjhuzkhf
Mf khw;wp it ; y ; vd;gjpd
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m]y; vOj;Jf;fshd

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37

Mf Tk;; Ke;jpa vOj;;Jf;F

MfTk; khw;wpf;

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cila Mf ,Ue; jhy;

mij NrHj;Jg; gbf;Fk;NghJ Nghf;fpAk;> ,uz;lhtJ it mg;gbNa itj;Jk;
vd;gjpy;

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vd;W

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itg;

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$WfpwhHfs;.

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tpd; y; itg; Nghf;fp vd;W fPo;fhZkhW $WfpwhHfs;.

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fpwJ. MapDk; ,ay;ghd mikg;ig Vw;gLj;;jpg; ghHf;Fk;NghJ tpj;jpahrk; njup
Ak;. mjhtJ xUik

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38

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MfTk;> 2Mtij

, 2.
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