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Physical Development Milestones
Physical Development Milestones
MOTOR DEVELOPMENT.
..refers to growth in the ability of children to use their bodies and physical skills. is continuous and sequential. occurs from general to specific. 2 Main Domains:
Gross motor skills - development of large muscles and the ability to move from place to place or do physical activities that involve the large muscles of the body, arms and legs. Fine motor skills - development of small muscles and the ability to control use of the hands and feet, and do activities that involve the small muscles of the fingers, toes and other parts of the body.
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Sort the contents and MATCH the age, stage and gross/fine motors skills.
FINE MOTOR:
Reaches for dangling objects or toys Grasps object using palm and fingers Passes a toy or object between hands Puts objects in mouth to explore Uses a pincer grasp (thumb and finger) to hold food or object Grasps and uses toys to play or keep attention Reaches for objects, such as a spoon to feed self
FINE MOTOR:
Uses utensils to feed self Brushes teeth with a toothbrush with help Uses basic scissors for cutting Holds and uses pencil or crayon for basic drawing Snaps, buttons or zips with help
FINE MOTOR:
Builds using blocks stacked on top of each other Cuts paper in shapes Draws with pencil, crayons, other implements Turns pages of a book Pours water from pitcher to cup
FINE MOTOR:
Draws multiple shapes and figures with various implements Strings beads for projects Uses a comb, toothbrush, washcloth without support Prints letters, numbers, etc. Cuts shapes clearly, easily
Beginning of adolescence coincides with beginning of puberty & end of adolescence coincides with beginning of adulthood.
Females typically enter puberty about two years earlier (between 11-14 years of age) than males (between 13-15 years of age).
Common to grow at a rate of 3-6 inches per year. Average American child grows from about 53 inches (4 ft. 5 in.) at 10 years of age to about 66 (5 ft. 6 in.) inches by 18 years (end of growth spurt). ~ 13 inches! Weight gain results from increased muscle development in boys and body fat in girls. The average weight of children increases from about 67 pounds, at 10 years of age, to about 134 pounds, at 18 years of age. ( + 67 lbs.!) Female maximum height & weight are reached by 18. Males reach their peak height and weight after 20 years of age.
hours for maximum mood & academic performance. Teens may be more clumsy because of growth spurts awkward in early adolescence. Teenage girls may become overly sensitive about their weight. Teens may be concerned because they are not physically developing at the same rate as their peers. Teens may feel awkward about demonstrating affection to the opposite sex parent. Teens may ask more direct questions about sex. Due to increase in height, weight & muscle teens may gravitate toward sports.
The principles of the M-O-V-E formula for assisting children with physical growth and development are as follows: Motivation = provide a reason to be active in & out of the classroom & at hometime together, learning, fun! Opportunity = to explore and interact physicallypaper, crayons, clay, balls, bikesspace to play Variety = different materials and activitiesmany different interests! Equipment, encouragement and enthusiasm = something to climb on, push, pull and challenge their large and small muscles!
http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pubs/yf/famsci/fs633w.htm http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/350/350-055/350-055.html#L3
Trace & cut out cube pattern or use a square box with 6 sides (tissue, etc.). Each side will represent 1 stage of a childs physical development.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Cube Title & name Infancy - birth-2 Toddler 2-3 Preschool 4-5 Elementary 5-9 Early adolescence / adolescence 10-18
Select & glue pictures from magazines that provide examples of a childs physical growth & development at each stage. You will need to label each side of the cube with the stage & provide examples of at least 2 large/gross motor skills & 2 fine/small motor skills (identify which they are).
Cognitive Development?
Continued brain development. Recent research suggests that teens' brains are not completely developed until late in adolescence. Specifically, studies suggest that the connections between neurons affecting emotional, physical and mental abilities are incomplete. (Strauch, 2003) This could explain why some teens seem to be inconsistent in controlling their emotions, impulses, and judgments.