AB KI BAAR

MODI SARKAR

THYROID GLAND
BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

CONTENT :
DEVELOPMENT OF THYROID GLAND ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY THYROID FUNCTION TEST

BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

DEVELOPMENT

THYROID GLAND DEVELOPS MAINLY FROM THYROGLOSSAL DUCT. PARAFOLLICULAR CELLS ARE DERIVED FROM CAUDAL 4th & 5th PHARYNGEAL POUCHES. THE SITE OF ORIGIN OF DIVERTICULUM IS NOW SEEN BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL AS A DEPRESSION CALLED 1610048

DIVERTICULUM GROWS DOWN IN THE MIDLINE IN TO THE NECK. ITS TIP SOON BIFURCATES. PROLIFERATION OF CELLS OF THIS BIFID END GIVES RISE TO THE 2 LOBES OF THYROID GLAND

BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

ANATOMY OF THYROID GLAND LOCATED IN ANT. TRIANGLE OF NECK. In front of the neck
Wt. 20g below the larynx (voice box) The thyroid gland consists of two lobes, one on each side It starts cranially at the oblique line on the thyroid cartilage (just below the laryngeal prominence, or Adams Apple), and extends inferiorly to approximately the fifth or sixth tracheal ring, windpipe each gland is deeply buried in the soft tissues of the neck that surround the voicebox. LIE AGAINTS C5, C6, C7 & T1 CONSISTS OF TWO LOBES RIGHT & LEFT. LOCATED IN THE SPACE BETWEEN TRACHEA AND OESOPHAGUS (MEDIALLY) & CAROTID SHEATHE ( LATERALLY ). ISTHMUS IS THE CONNECTING PART BETWEEN TWO LOBES
BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

BLOOD SUPPLY

SUPERIOR THYROID ARTERY ( BR. OF ECA) INFERIOR THYROID ARTERY ( BR. OF THYROCERVICAL TRUNK OF SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY) THYROIDEA IMA ARTERY ( BRANCH OF AORTA)

BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

VENOUS SUPPLY

SUPERIOR THYROID VEIN INFERIOR THYROID VEIN MIDDLE THYROID VEIN

BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE

UPPER & DEEP CERVICAL LYMPH NODE PRETRACHEAL & PARATRACHEAL LYMPH NODE

BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

NERVE SUPPLY

MIDDLE CERVICAL GANGLIA PARTLY FROM SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR CERVICAL GANGLIA.

BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

IMP. RELATION OF THYROID GLAND

RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE LIES IN THE TRACHEO OESOPHAGEAL GROUP IN RELATION TO BERRYS LIGAMENT SUPERIOR LARYNGEAL NERVE WHICH GIVES BRANCH , EXTERNAL LARYNGEAL NERVES SUPPLIES CRICOTHYROID MUSCLE. IT ACCOMPANIES SUPERIOR THYROID ARTERY PARATHYROID GLAND 4 IN NO. 2 ON EACH SIDE EMBEDDED. BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL
1610048

PHYSIOLOGY OF THYROID GLAND

HAS TWO SECRETORY CELLS FOLLICLE CELLS : SECRETE THYROID HORMONE T3 & T4 PARAFOLLICULAR CELLS : SECRETE CALCITONIN

BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

Iodine Metabolism
Dietary iodine is absorbed in the GI tract, then taken up by the thyroid gland (or removed from the body by the kidneys). The transport of iodide into follicular cells is dependent upon a sodium/iodine cotransport system. Iodide taken up by the thyroid gland is oxidized by peroxide in the lumen of the follicle:
Iperoxidase

I+

Oxidized iodine can then be used in production of thyroid hormones.

BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

FUNCTION

Control metabolism. Metabolism is the rate at which all the chemistry of the body works. Control growth in early life. Controls how quickly the body uses energy, makes proteins, Controls how sensitive the body should be to other hormones.
BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

THROID FUNCTION TESTS

T3 ( SERUM TRI-IODOTHYRONINE) : NORMAL VALUE: 1.2 3.1 nmol/lt. T4 ( SERUM THYROXINE ) : NORMAL VALUE: 55 150 nmol/lt. TSH : 0 -5 IU/ml. FREE T3 : 3 9 nmol/lt. ( ASSESING HYPERTHYROIDISM ) FREE T4 : 8 26 nmol/lt. TRH STIMULATION TEST FOR HYPOTHALIM PITUITARY AXIS SERUM CREATININE : HYPERTHYROIDISM BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL HYPOTHYROIDISM 1610048

SERUM CHOLESTEROL : HYPOTHYROIDISM HYPERTHYROIDISM BMR : HYPERTHYROIDISM THYROID AUTOANTIBODIES WERNER S T3 SUPPERESION TEST THYROGLOBULIN ESTIMATION: 0.5 50 microg/lt.
BY: PRAMOD DHAYAL 1610048

THANK YOU ALL