1ebZ (vUrjjk"V h ; et+ n w j fnol) dks et+ n w j gdks a ds fy,

et+ n w j ia p k;r es a 'kkfey gks a !

lHkh

ns'kksa

esa

et+nj
w

ebZ

fnol

,d dgkuh--gk! ;g ,d dgkuh gS! et+njw ksa ds la?k"kZ dh ,d

f n o l lPph dgkuh! ysfdu ;g gj fdlh ds fy, ugha

gS! ;g dgkuh fli+QZ muds fy, gS tks ft+Unxh ls

I;kj djrs gS_a muds fy, tks vkt+kn balku dh rjg
thuk pkgrs gS]a xqykeksa dh rjg ugha! ;g dgkuh
muds fy, gS tks vU;k; vkSj neu ls ui+Qjr djrs
gS_a muds fy, tks Hkq[kejh] x+jhch] dqiks"k.k vkSj
cs?kjh esa tkuojksa dh rjg ugha thuk pkgrs gS_a ;g dgkuh mu yksxksa ds fy, gS tks gj jkst+ 12&14 ?k.Vs [kVus]
isV dk xM~<k Hkjus vkSj fiQj 'kjkc ds u'ks esa viuh fujk'kk&grk'kk dks Mqckdj lks tkus dks gh ft+Unxh ugha ekurs
gS!a ;g dgkuh muds fy, gS tks cjkcjh] balki+Q vkSj bT+t+r Hkjh ft+Unxh thuk pkgrs gS!a vxj vki muesa
ls gSa rks ;g dgkuh vkids fy, gh gSA

D;k vkidks Vh-oh-] jsfM;ks] v[kckjksa ;k Ldwyksa us dHkh ;g crk;k\

D;k vkidks Vh-oh- pSuyks]a jsfM;ks] v[kckjksa us ;g crk;k fd ebZ fnol D;k gS\ vxj vkidks f'kf{kr gksus dk
ekSdk feyk gS rks D;k vkidh Ldwy dh fdrkcksa esa dHkh crk;k x;k fd et+njw oxZ ds vius ebZ fnol dh
dgkuh D;k gS\ D;k vkidks fdlh pqukoh ikVhZ ds VV~Vw ;k nyky us crk;k fd ge nqfu;k Hkj ds et+njw ebZ fnol
ds fnu D;ksa lM+dksa ij mrjrs gSa vkSj viuh ,dtqVrk tkfgj djrs gS\a
'kk;n ughaA os crk,xs Hkh ughaA D;ksfa d ;g muds Hk; vkSj gekjh gqd
a kj dk fnu gS! ;g et+njw oxZ ds xk.Mho
dh Vadkj dk fnu gS! blfy, bldh dgkuh ge ,d ckj fiQj c;ku djsxa !s

ebZ fnol D;k gS\

vkt ls djhc 128 o"kZ igys vesfjdk ds f'kdkxks 'kgj ds et+njw ksa us balku dh rjg
thus ds gd+ ds fy, ,d tax NsMh+ FkhA mudk ukjk Fkk ^vkB ?k.Vs dke] vkB ?k.Vs
vkjke] vkB ?k.Vs euksjt
a u*A bl la?k"kZ ds 'kq: gksus ds igys vesfjdk esa ,d fo'kky
et+njw oxZ iSnk gqvk FkkA bu et+njw ksa us vius cfy"B gkFkksa ls vesfjdk ds 'kgjksa dks [kM+k
fd;k] jsy iVfj;ksa dk tky fcNk;k] ufn;ksa dks ckkk] xxupqEch bekjrksa dks cuk;k] vkSj
iwt
hifr;ksa ds fy, nqfu;k Hkj ds ,s'kks&vkjke [kM+s fd;sA ml le; vesfjdk esa et+njw ksa
dks 12 ls 18 ?k.Vs rd [kVk;k tkrk FkkA cPpksa vkSj efgykvksa dk 18 ?k.Vksa rd dke
djuk vke ckr FkhA vfkdka'k ;qok et+njw vius thou ds 40 lky Hkh ugha ns[k ikrs
FksA vxj et+njw blds f[k+yki+Q dksbZ Hkh vkokt+ mBkrs Fks rks mu ij futh xq.Mks]a iqfyl
vkSj lsuk ls geys djok;s tkrs Fks! ysfdu bu lcls vesfjdk ds tkckt+ et+njw ncus
okys ugha Fks! muds thou vkSj e`R;q esa oSls Hkh dksbZ i+QdZ ugha Fkk blfy, mUgksua s yM+us dk iQSlyk fd;k! 1877

ls 1886 rd et+njw ksa us vesfjdk Hkj esa vius vkidks vkB ?k.Vs ds dk;Zfnol ds fy, ,dtqV vkSj laxfBr djuk
'kq: fd;kA 1886 esa vesfjdk Hkj esa et+njw ksa us ^vkB ?k.Vk lfefr;k* cuk;haA f'kdkxks esa et+njw ksa dk vkUnksyu
lcls vfkd rkd+roj FkkA ogk ij et+njw ksa ds laxBuksa us r; fd;k
fd 1 ebZ ds fnu lHkh et+njw vius vkStk+ j j[kdj lM+dksa ij mrjsxa s
vkSj vkB ?k.Vs dk dk;Zfnol ds ukjs dks cqyUn djsxa As 1 ebZ ds fnu
f'kdkxks 'kgj esa yk[kksa dh la[;k esa lHkh is'kksa ds et+njw lM+dksa ij
,dtqV gksdj mrjsA blds nks fnuksa ckn gh Mjs gq, ekfydksa us vius
HkkM+s ds VV~Vv
q ksa ls et+njw ksa dh ,d tulHkk ij geyk djok;k vkSj
blesa Ng et+njw ksa dh gR;k
dj nh x;hA vxys fnu
f'kdkxks ds gsekdsZV
et+nwjksa dh ,dtqVrk ls cM+h rkd+r dksbZ ugha!
ckt+kj esa et+njw ksa us tc
bl gR;kdk.M ds fojksk esa izn'kZu fd;k rks iqfyl us mu ij geyk dj
fn;kA blh nkSjku iwt
hifr;ksa us ce fiQadok fn;k ftlesa dqN et+njw vkSj
iqfyl okys ekjs x;sA bl ce dk.M dk vkjksi pkj et+njw usrkvksa
vkWxLV Likbl] ,atYs l] fiQ'kj vkSj iklZl
a ij Mky fn;k x;kA
bl >wBs vkjksi esa gh mUgsa iQklh ns nh x;h] tcfd eqdnes esa muds
f[k+yki+Q lqcrw ugha feyk FkkA
gsekdsZV esa iwthifr;ksa dk lkft+'kkuk ce dk.M

gekjs egku et+nwj usrkvksa dk cfynku tks O;FkZ ugha x;k!

tc Likbl iQklh ds r[+rs ij igqp
s rks mUgksua s ekfydksa ds iwjs oxZ dks pqukSrh nsrs gq, dgk] ,d ,slk le;
vk;sxk tc gekjh [k+keks'kh mu vkokt+kas ls vfkd rkd+roj gksxh ftudk vkt rqe xyk ?kksVa jgs gksA
iklZl
a ds lkeus iqfyl okyksa us is'kd'k dh fd vxj og vius et+njw
lkfFk;ksa ds lkFk x+nn~ kjh djs rks og iQklh ls cp ldrk gS] ysfdu iklZl
a
us x+nn~ kj dgykus dh ctk; 'kku ls iQklh dk iQUnk pweuk eatjw fd;k! 1
ebZ 1886 ds 'kkunkj et+njw la?k"kZ dks vesfjdk ds gR;kjs ekfydksa us [kwu esa
Mqcks fn;k! ysfdu tks flagxtZuk ml fnu f'kdkxks ds et+njw ksa us vkdk'k rd
mBk;h Fkh og ns[krs gh ns[krs iwjh nqfu;k esa iQSy x;h vkSj vkB ?k.Vs ds
dk;Zfnol dh ekx iwjh
nqfu;k fuMj
ds et+
ekx cu x;h! vUrr%]
et+nnjw wjksa usdh
rk Hkk"k.k nsrs gq,
et+njw ksa us ;g ekx thr yhA nqfu;k ds lHkh ns'kksa esa iwt
hifr;ksa
dh ljdkjksa dks de&ls&de dkuwuh rkSj ij vkB ?k.Vs dk
dk;Zfnol nsus dks etcwj gksuk iM+kA ysfdu vkt iwjh nqfu;k
esa et+njw ksa ls ;g gd+ Nhuk tk pqdk gSA Hkkjr esa vkB ?k.Vs
ds dk;Z fnol dk dkuwu fdrkcksa esa lM+ jgk gS vkSj et+njw
dkj[kkuksa esa 12 ls 14 ?k.Vksa rd [kVrs gS!a Je foHkkx vkSj iqfyl
vPNh rjg ls tkurh gS fd lHkh ekfyd vkSj Bsdns kj bl dkuwu
dks [kqyv
s ke vius dneksa rys jkSna rs gS]a ysfdu os fcds gq, gS!a

vkB ?k.Vs dke dk gd+ thus dk gd+ gS!

1882 esa f'kdkxks esa ebZ fnol ij gt+kjksa et+nwjksa

lM+dksa ij meM+ iM+s

lkfFk;ks! vkB ?k.Vs ds dk;Zfnol dh ekx osru c<+kus tSlh vkfFkZd ekxksa ls
c<+dj gSA ;g ,d et+njw ds fy, balkuksa tSlh ft+Unxh thus dh ekx gS! ;g
balku gksus dk gd+ gS! ;g thus dk gd+ gS! vxj ge i'kqvksa dh rjg ugha
thuk pkgrs] vxj ge vius cPpksa dks ;g udZ tSlk thou ugha nsuk pkgrs rks gesa
viuh ekuoh; xfjek vkSj lEeku ds fy, fiQj ls tax NsMu+ h gksxh! gesa Hkh gd+
gS fd ge vius cPpks]a vius thou lkFkh vkSj ifjokj ds lkFk le; fcrk
lds!a gesa Hkh gd+ gS fd ge i<+ lds]a [ksy lds]a euksjt
a u dj lds!a dksYgw
esa cSy [kVrk gS] balku ugha! vkSj ge balku gS!a vxj ge gh [kqn dks tkuoj eku
ysxa s rks nqfu;k Hkh gels tkuojksa tSlk gh crkZo djsxh! blfy,] vkb;s! bl ebZ
fnol dks vius balku dh rjg thus ds gd+ ds la?k"kZ dk fnu cuk ns!a
f'kdkxks ds vej 'kghn

bl ebZ fnol dks ge et+njw ksa dks D;k djuk gksxk\

lkfFk;ks! fiNys 128 o"kZ ls gj ebZ fnol ij et+njw vius gd+kas ds fy, lM+d
ij mrjrs gS!a ns'k dh lcls cM+h rkdr gksus ds ckotwn ns'k dh rd+nhj r; djus esa et+njw oxZ dh dksbZ Hkwfedk
ugha gSA et+njw rks [kqn viuh ftUnxh dk iQSlyk Hkh ugha dj ldrkA vius gd+kas ds fy, yM+us ea]as dqckZfu;k nsus
esa et+njw oxZ dHkh ihNs ugha gVk gSA vkt+knh ls ysdj vHkh rd gtkjks&a gtkj et+njw ljdkj dh xksfy;ksa ds f'kdkj
gq, gSAa ysfdu et+njw vkUnksyu ds usrR` o ij dkfct nyky
vkSj xkj VsM ;wfu;u us la?k"kkZs dks egt+ nqvkUuh&poUuh
vkfFkZd ekxksa esa my>k;s j[kk vkSj dne&dne ij mls
detksj djrs pyk x;kA lkiQ gS laln ds lqvjckM+s esa
yksV yxkus okys udyh dE;qfuLVksa ds fy, ;g
egt+ ,d jLe&vnk;xh gS! et+njw oxZ ds ;s x+nn~ kj gj
lky fn[kkoVh dok;nsa djds ebZ fnol dks dyafdr vkSj
cnuke djrs gSAa ysfdu ge et+njw ksa ds fy, ;g vius
lEeku ds fy, yM+us vkSj ,dtqV gksus dk fnu gSA
vkB ?k.Vs dke] vkB ?k.Vs vkjke] vkB ?k.Vs euksjatu dk cSuj
ogh nwljh vksj ns'k esa it
w hokn tura=k esa pquko dh 30 gtkj djksM+ okyh egkukSd
a Vh tkjh gSa ftlesa dksbZ Hkh
thrs] esgurd'k vkcknh dh gkj r; gSA D;ksfa d lHkh pqukockt ikfVZ;ksa dh vkfFkZd uhfr;k ,d & iwt
hifr;ksa
dks iwtks vkckn djks! turk dks ywVks cckZn djks!& ,sls esa gesa viuk fodYi
pquuk gksxkA D;ksfa d bfrgkl dk ;g lcd gS fd et+njw oxZ VsM ;wfu;uksa esa
laxfBr gksdj osru&Hkks&lqfo/kvksa ds fy, yM+rs gq, oxZ&la?k"kZ dh dsoy
nqfu;k
'kq#vkrh f'k{kk gh gkfly djrk gSA iwt
hoknh ywVra=k dk uk'k djds esgurd'kksa
ds
dk jkt ;kuh lektokn dk;e djuk et+njw oxZ dk ,sfrgkfld fe'ku gSA
et+nwjks
kfUrdkjh izpkj vkSj vkUnksyuksa dh dkjZokbZ;ksa ds }kjk et+njw ksa ds lcls vxqok
fgLlk bl fopkj dks lcls igys viukrk gS vkSj fujUrj VsM ;wfu;u la?k"kks]aZ
,d gks!
lakLd`frd vkUnksyuksa vkSj vke jktuhfrd eqksa ij esgud'k vkcknh dks laxfBr
djrk gSa vkSj lkFk gh et+njw oxZ dks iwt
hoknh pquko ds ek;ktky
ls ckgj fudyrk gS fd gj ikap lky pquko esa iwt
hifr;ksa dh eSufs tax
desVh ;kuh ljdkjsa cnyrh gS ysfdu iwt
hoknh O;oLFkk dh lsok djus
okyk jkT;ra=k (iqfyl]iQkSt]tt&viQlj)ogh jgrk gS! blfy, tc rd eqVB~ hHkj equkiQk[kksjksa dh
O;oLFkk dks kfUr ds t+fj;s oal ugha fd;k tkrk] rc rd iwt
hokn dk cky Hkh ckdk ugah gksus

okyk! tkfgj gS blds fy, et+njw oxZ dk viuk lcls iQkSyknh gfFk;kj ;kuh ,d kfUrdkjh ikVhZ
vkSj kfUrdkjh fopkjk/kjk dks x<+uk gksxkA lkFk gh gesa tehuh Lrj ij ,dtqV gksu]s jktuhfrd
iQSlys ysus ds fy, vius dks et+njw cfLr;ks]a vkS|ksfxd {ks=kks]a xkoksa esa viuh yksdLojkT; iapk;rs
[kM+h djuh gksxa h tksfd vkus okys et+njw jkt esa tu&lkk dk dke djsxhA D;ksfa d gesa vkt ls gh
et+njw oxZ esa ;s fo'okl iSnk djuk gS fd tc ge nqfu;k dh lqbZ ls ysdj gokbZtgkt rd lc
cuk Hkh ldrs gSa rks ge lkewfgd ekfydkus dh O;oLFkk esa 'kklu dh ckxMksj lHkky vkSj pyk Hkh
ldrs gSAa
;kuh badykch ikVhZ vkSj kfUrdkjh yksdLojkT; iapk;rksa ds lkFk gh]vkt gesa ,d u;s kfUrdkjh VsM
;wfu;u vkUnksyu dks [kwu ls lhapdj cksuk gS u;s VsM ;wfu;u ds la?k"kksaZ dks ,d dkj[kkus ;k dqN
dkj[kkuksa dh pkSgh ls rksMd
+ j iwjs vkS|ksfxd {ks=k ds dkj[kkuksa vkSj cfLr;ksa rd ys tkuk gksxkA D;ksfa d
et+njw oxZ dh yM+kbZ ,d iQSDVjh ekfyd ls ugha cfYd iwjs ekfyd oxZ ls gS tks gekjs balkuh thou
dks iq'kvksa ls Hkh cnrj gkykr esa /dsyrk tk jgk gS blfy, ebZ fnol gekjk izfr'kks/ fnol gksuk
pkfg, &vkt ?kks"k.kk djus dk fnu] ge Hkh gS balku gesa pkfg, csgrj nqfu;k djrs gSa ,syku!
?k`f.kr nklrk fdlh :i esa] ugha gesa Lohdkj] eqfDr gekjk vfeV LoIu gS] eqfDr gekjk xku!!

1 ebZ et+ n w j ia p k;r es a 'kkfey gks

blfy, lkfFk;ks! bl 1 ebZ dks ^et+njw iapk;r* eas 'kkfey gks!a vxj vki vius vkidks tkuoj
ugha eku cSBs gS]a vxj vki vc Hkh thou ls I;kj djrs gS]a vxj vki vius cPpksa dks ,d csgrj
thou nsuk pkgrs gS_a rks vkt gh ;q dk fcxqy iQwd
uk gksxk! ^et+njw iapk;r jSyh* blh la?k"kZ dh
'kq#vkr dk ,yku gS! ge fnYyh ds et+njw ftUgksua s fnYyh dks cuk;k gS
vkSj tks fnYyh dks pykrs gS]a os vius thou] xfjek] vfkdkj] U;k; vkSj
lekurk ds fy, ,d fnu ds fy, vius vkStk+ j NksM+ lM+dksa ij mrjsxa !s vkb;s
ge ;g ladYi ysa fd 'kks"k.k&mRihM+u&vR;kpkj dh ukjdh; ftUnxh ls
et+njw oxZ dks vkt+kn djkus ds fy, yM+us dk Bsdk nwljksa dks nsus ds
ctk; viuh vkSj iwjs lekt dh eqfDr dk ijpe ge [kqn vius gkFkksa esa
Fkkeus ds fy, vkxs c<+xas As blfy, et+njw iapk;r esa vf/d ls vf/d
la[;k esa fgLlsnkjh dhft,sA

et+ n w j ia a p k;r

(kfUrdkjh xhr] ukVd o fiQYe 'kks)

le;& 1 ebZ ] xq # okj] 'kke& 5 cts ] 2014U;w lHkkiq j ] ljdkjh Ldw y ds ikl] djkoy uxjfnYYkh dkexkj ;wfu;u fcxqy et+nwj nLrk djkoy uxj et+nwj ;wfu;u
m|ksx uxj et+njw ;wfu;u eaxksyiqjh et+njw ;wfu;u] othjiqj dkj[kkuk et+njw ;wfu;u
(011)&64623928]]9711736435]8750045975]9873358124]9971158783]9289498250]9540436262
uohu }kjk djkoyuxj et+nwj ;wfu;u gsrq izdkf'kr] 1 ebZ 2014