Ordinary Differential Equations [FDM 1023]

Chapter 7

APPLICATIONS OF ODE

Chapter 7: APPLICATIONS OF ODE

Overview
7.1. Exponential Growth and Decay 7.2. Newtons Law of Cooling / Heating 7.3. Mixture of Solutions

7.3. Mixture of Solutions

Learning Outcome
At the end of this section, you should be able to: Solve first-order ODE mixture of solutions from models of

7.3. Mixture of Solutions

We suppose that a tank contains A liters of brine (salt water) that consists of B grams of salt. We also assume that salt water containing grams of salt per liter flows into the tank at the rate of liters per minute and the mixture, kept homogeneous by stirring, flows out at the rate liters per minute. The amount of salt, Q in the tank at time t is derived as follows + = +

7.3. Mixture of Solutions

+ = + This equation is a linear first order differential equation in Q. Note: The initial amount B of salt in the tank is not directly included in the equation. It will be used only when we solve for Q.

7.3. Mixture of Solutions

Example 1
A tank contains 100 liters of brine in which 500g of salt is dissolved. If brine containing 20g salt per liter runs into the tank at the rate of 3 liters per minute and the mixture, kept uniform by stirring, runs out of the tank at the rate of 2 liters per minute, find the amount of salt in the tank at the end of 30 minutes.

7.3. Mixture of Solutions

Example 2
A tank contains 100 liters of an aqueous solution containing 10kg of salt. Fresh water enters the tank at the rate of 3 liters per minute and the well stirred mixture runs out at the rate of 2 liters per minute. i) How much salt will the tank contain at the end of 1 hour?

ii) After what time will the amount of salt in the tank be 2.5kg?

7.3. Mixture of Solutions

Example 3
A tank contains 1000 liters of fresh water. Salt water which contains 100g of salt runs into it at the rate of 5 liters per minute and well stirred mixture runs out of it at the same rate. How long will it take for the quantity of salt in the tank to increase from 1kg to 5kg?