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XSTK Excel PDF
XSTK Excel PDF
XSTK Excel PDF
NHM HM V THNG K
AVEDEV (number1, number2, ...)
COUNTBLANK (range)
LARGE (array, k)
Tr v gi tr ln nht ca mt tp gi tr.
Tr v gi tr nh nht ca mt tp gi tr.
PERCENTILE (array, k)
Tr v hon v ca cc i tng.
SMALL (array, k) :
Tr v gi tr nh nht th k trong mt tp s.
FISHER (x)
FISHERINV (y)
GAMMLN (x)
NORMSDIST (z)
NORMSINV (probability)
Tr v sai s chun ca tr d on y i vi mi tr x
trong hi quy.
Ngoi cch dng cc hm trn ta cn dng menu Analysis ToolPak ci t nh sau: Trong Excel
chn menu Tools/Add-Ins /Analysis ToolPak / Ok
12
13
11
13
15
12
11
10
14
13
12
15
V biu
o
v chn mc Column
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
Series1
0.1
0.05
0
10
11
12
13
14
15
2) c trung mu
V d: Tnh c trng mu ca d liu sau:
12
13
11
13
15
12
11
10
14
13
12
15
Kt qu bao gm: K vng (trung bnh), phng sai, trung v, mode, lch chun,
nhn, nghing (h s bt i xng so vi phn phi chun), khong bin thin, max,
min, sum, s mu (count), khong tin cy ca trung bnh mc 95% .
Tnh theo cc hm
Column1
Mean
Sx
= 0.451569
n
Standard Error
Median
12.5
Mode
Standard Deviation
Gi tr trung bnh
x = 12.58333
12
sx= 1.564279
Sample Variance
2.44697
AVERAGE(A1:A12)
Sai s mu
Trung v
MEDIAN(A1:A12)
Mode
MODE(A1:A12)
lch chun
STDEV(A1:A12)
Phng sai mu
VAR(A1:A12)
Kurtosis
-0.61768
nhn ca nh
KURT(A1:A12)
Skewness
0.157146
nghing
SKEW(A1:A12)
MAX()-MIN()
Range
Minimum
10
Ti thiu
MIN(A1:A12)
Maximum
15
Ti a
MAX(A1:A12)
151
Tng
SUM(A1:A12)
S lng mu
COUNT(A1:A12)
Sum
Count
Confidence Level(95.0%)
n= 12
ta
Sx
= 0.993896 chnh xc
n
Sx
bng
n
za
Sx
trong o: Za = NORMSINV(1- a/2)
n
CONFIDENCE(0,05;Sx;n)
x za
Sx
n
; x ta
Sx
n
V d: Tin hnh xem trong mt thng trung bnh mt sinh vin tiu ht bao nhiu tin gi
in thoi. Kho st ngu nhin 59 sinh vin thu c kt qu:
14
95
30
29
22
18
16
147
73
36
22
27
72
26
60
30
111
37
15
41
36
37
25
26
35
28
63
7
31
26
42
127
33
57
20
79
23
29
40
58
36
31
35
18
33
52
70
41
85
23
15
27
48
28
35
47
11
15
32
33.96481
48.23858
x1 - x2
s12
n1
s 22
n2
Kt qu:
H0: a1=a2
H1: a1a2
II
Mean
9.4
8.3
0.98
10
10
Known Variance
Observations
Hypothesized Mean Difference
Trung bnh mu
phng sai mu bit
s quan st (c mu)
2.472066162
P(Z<=z) one-tail
0.006716741
Xc sut 1 pha
z Critical one-tail
1.644853476
phn v 1 pha
P(Z<=z) two-tail
0.013433483
Xc sut 2 pha
z Critical two-tail
1.959962787
phn v 2 pha
SD n
D=
( X i - Yi )
i =1
, SD =
( Di - D) 2
i =1
n -1
1
6,1
5,2
2
7,0
7,9
3
8,2
3,9
4
7,6
4,7
5
6,5
5,3
6
8,4
5,4
7
6,9
4,2
8
6,7
6,1
9
7,4
3,8
10
5,8
6,3
Nhp v x l d liu
Kt qu
7.06
5.28
0.720444444
1.577333333
10
10
Observations
Pearson Correlation
S gi ng vi thuc gi
-0.388571913
df
t Stat
3.183538302
P(T<=t) one-tail
0.005560693
t Critical one-tail
1.833113856
P(T<=t) two-tail
0.011121385
t Critical two-tail
2.262158887
X1 - X 2
S 2p
1
n1
1
n2
S 2p =
V d: Ngi ta cho 10 bnh nhn ung thuc h cholesterol ng thi cho 10 bnh nhn
khc ung gi dc, ri xt nghim v nng cholesterol trong mu (g/l)ca c 2
nhm:
Thuc
1,10 0,99 1,05 1,01 1,02 1,07 1,10 0,98 1,03 1,12
Gi dc
1,25 1,31 1,28 1,20 1,18 1,22 1,22 1,17 1,19 1,21
Vi a=0,05 hy cho bit thuc c tc dng h cholesterol trong mu khng?
Nhp v x l d liu
Kt qu
H0: a1=a2 Thuc v gi dc c tc dng nh nhau
H1: a1<a2 Thuc c tc dng h cholesterol trong mu
Mean
Variance
Observations
Pooled Variance
Hypothesized Mean Difference
df
t Stat
P(T<=t) one-tail
t Critical one-tail
P(T<=t) two-tail
t Critical two-tail
t= -8,3884 < -ta= -1,7341 nn chp nhn H1
Vy thuc trn c tc dng h cholesterol trong mu.
4) So snh 2 trung bnh vi phng sai khc nhau
X1 - X 2
S12
n1
S 22
n2
61
62
71
69
68
65
73
65
71
70
70
71
69
68
74
73
Thi gian tan r ca vin bao thuc hai XNDP c ging nhau khng?
Nhp, x l d liu v kt qu
H0 : a1=a2 Thi gian tan r ca vin bao 2 XNDP nh nhau
H1 : a1 a2 Thi gian tan r ca vin bao 2 XNDP khc nhau
XNDP I
Mean
XNDP II
69.625
67.875
15.98214286
13.26785714
Observations
Variance
df
14
t Stat
0.915208631
P(T<=t) one-tail
0.187788433
t Critical one-tail
1.76130925
P(T<=t) two-tail
0.375576865
t Critical two-tail
2.144788596
kim nh
c2 (chi-quared) : c2=
i =1 j =1
(nij - npi ) 2
npi
npi =
Kt qu
S12
S 22
Kt qu
H0: s A2 = s B2
H1 :
s A2
> s B2
B
5.15
3.075
0.485714286
0.116428571
Observations
df
Variance
4.171779141
P(F<=f) one-tail
0.039514317
F Critical one-tail
3.787050673
:
:
x
x
n k
n11
x n2 2
n=
nj
j =1
x=
xj =
1
nj
nj
Tj
xij = n
i =1
nj
vi
T j = xij
i =1
k nj
ni
k
1 k
T
xij =
v i T = xij = T j
n j =1 i =1
n
j =1 i =1
j =1
n
SST =
S 2j
j
1
=
( xij - x j ) 2
n j - 1 i =1
nj
( xij - x ) 2
j =1 i =1
SSA =
n j (x j - x )2
j =1
k nj
SST =
j =1 i =1
xij2
T2
n
MSA =
Nu H0 ng th F =
Min Ba :
Bng ANOVA
Ngun sai s
T j2
T2
SSA =
n
j =1 n j
k
SSA
k -1
MSE =
SSE
n-k
MSA
c phn phi Fisher bc t do k-1; n-k
MSE
Bc t do
df
Yu t
(Between Group)
SSA
k-1
Sai s
(Within Group)
n-k
SSA
k -1
SSE
MSE =
n-k
Tng cng
SST
n-1
MSA =
Gi tr thng k
F
F=
MSA
MSE
V d:
Hm lng Alcaloid (mg) trong mt loi dc liu c thu hi t 3 vng khc nhau
c s liu sau:
Vng 1 : 7,5
6,8
7,1
7,5
6,8
6,6
7,8
Vng 2 : 5,8
5,6
6,1
6,0
5,7
Vng 3 : 6,1
6,3
6,5
6,4
6,5
6,3
Hi hm lng Alcaloid c khc nhau theo vng hay khng?
Dng Excel
1. Nhp d liu theo ct
3. Chn cc mc nh hnh:
4. Kt qu
Anova: Single Factor
SUMMARY
Groups
Vng 1
Vng 2
Vng 3
Count
7
5
6
ANOVA
Source of Variation
Between Groups
Within Groups
SS
5.326968
1.504143
Total
6.831111
Sum
50.1
29.2
38.1
df
2
15
Average
7.157143
5.84
6.35
Variance
0.202857
0.043
0.023
MS
2.663484
0.100276
F
26.56148
P-value
1.17756E-05
F crit
3.682316674
17
A
a1
a2
:
:
an
b1
b2
bm
x11
x21
:
:
xn1
x12
x22
:
:
xn2
x1m
x2m
:
:
xnm
* Gi thit H0:
Trung bnh nhn t ct bng nhau
Trung bnh nhn t hng bng nhau
Khng c s tng tc gia nhn t ct v hng
* Tin hnh tnh ton theo bng di y:
B
b1
b2
A
a1
x11
x12
bm
Ti* =
xij
j
x1m
T1*
xij2
j
x12j
j
a2
x21
x22
x2m
T2*
x22 j
j
an
xn1
xn2
xnm
Tn*
xnj2
j
T*j =
xij
T*1
T*2
T*m
xij2
i
T = xij
i, j
xi21
i
xi22
xim2
xij2
i, j
* Bng ANOVA
Ngun
Yu t A
Yu t B
SS
SSA=
Ti*2
m
T*2j
j
SSB=
df
T2
m.n
T2
m.n
Sai s
SSE=SST-SSA-SSB
Tng
SST=
T2
xij2 - m.n
MS
SSA
(A =
n - 1
n-1
MS
m-1
MSB =
SSB
m -1
(n-1)(m1)
MSE =
SSE
(n - 1)(m - 1)
FA =
SSA
SSE
FB =
SSB
SSE
nm-1
i, j
* Kt lun:
Nu FA > F n-1 ; (n-1)(m-1) ; 1-a th bc b yu t A (hng)
Nu FB > F m-1 ; (n-1)(m-1) ; 1-a th bc b yu t B (ct)
V d:
Chit sut cht X t 1 loi dc liu bng 3 phng php v 5 loi dung mi, ta c kt qu:
PP Chit sut (B)
b1
b2
b3
Dung mi (A)
a1
120
60
60
a2
120
70
50
a3
130
60
50
a4
150
70
60
a5
110
75
54
Hy xt nh hng ca phng php chit sut v dung mi n kt qu chit sut cht X
vi a=0,01.
Kt qu
SUMMARY
a1
a2
a3
a4
a5
Count
b1
b2
b3
ANOVA
Source of Variation
Rows
Columns
Error
3
3
3
3
3
Sum
240
240
240
280
239
80
80
80
93.33333333
79.66666667
Variance
1200
1300
1900
2433.333333
800.3333333
5
5
5
630
335
274
126
67
54.8
230
45
25.2
MS
108.0666667
7249.4
96.06666667
F
1.124913255
75.46217904
SS
432.2666667
14498.8
768.5333333
Total
15699.6
df
4
2
8
Average
P-value
0.409397603
6.42093E-06
F crit
7.006065061
8.64906724
14
Bi tp
1) Nghin cu v hiu qu ca 3 loi thuc A, B, C dng iu tr chng suy nhc thn kinh.
12 ngi bnh c chia lm 4 nhm theo mc bnh 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ; trong mi nhm chia
ra cng dng 1 trong 3 loi thuc trn. Sau 1 tun iu tr, kt qu nh gi bng thang
im nh sau:
bnh
Thuc
Mc
A
25
40
25
B
30
25
25
C
25
20
20
Hy nh gi hiu qu ca cc loi thuc A, B, C c khc nhau hay khng
4
30
25
25
? vi a = 0,01
2) Mt nghin cu c thc hin nhm xem xt s lin h gia loi phn bn, ging la n
nng sut. Nng sut la c ghi nhn t cc thc nghim sau:
Ging la
A
B
C
Loi phn bn
1
65
69
75
2
74
72
70
3
64
68
78
4
83
78
76
Hy nh gi s nh hng ging la, loi phn bn trn nng sut la, a = 0,05.
A
a1
a2
:
:
an
b1
b2
x111
x112
:
:
x11r
x211
x212
:
:
x21r
:
:
xn11
xn12
:
:
xn1r
x121
x122
:
:
x12r
x221
x222
:
:
x22r
:
:
xn21
xn22
:
:
xn2r
bm
x1m1
x1m2
:
:
x1mr
x2m1
x2m2
:
:
x2mr
:
:
xnm1
xnm2
:
:
xnmr
xijk
, tng ct
T*j* =
A
a1
a2
:
:
an
T*j*
b1
b2
x111
x112
:
:
x11r
x211
x212
:
:
x21r
:
:
xn11
xn12
:
:
xn1r
x121
x122
:
:
x12r
x221
x222
:
:
x22r
:
:
xn21
xn22
:
:
xn2r
T*1*=
xi1k
T*2*=
i,k
Cn tnh:
xijk2
bm
xi 2 k
T*m*=
T1**=
x1 jk
j ,k
T2**=
x2 jk
j ,k
Tn**=
xnjk
j ,k
ximk
T=
i,k
T*2j*
xijk
i , j ,k
Tij2*
Ti**
x1m1
x1m2
:
:
x1mr
x2m1
x2m2
:
:
x2mr
:
:
xnm1
xnm2
:
:
xnmr
i,k
Ti*2*
i , j ,k
xijk
i,k
j ,k
i, j
Suy ra
SST =
T2
i , j ,k
i , j ,k
SSA = mr
( xi** - x ) 2 =
Ti*2*
i
mr
SSB = nr
( x* j* - x )
j
SSAB = r
T*2j*
2
nr
T2
nmr
T2
nmr
( xij* - xi** - x* j* + x ) 2 =
j ,i
nr
2
xijk
mr
T2
nmr
xij2*
i, j
i , j ,k
* Bng ANOVA
Ngun
SS
df
MS
Yu t A
SSA
n-1
SSA
MSA =
n -1
Yu t B
SSB
m-1
MSB =
SSAB
(n-1)(m-1)
Sai s
SSE
nm(r-1)
Tng
SST
nmr-1
Tng tc AB
SSB
m -1
MSAB =
MSE =
MSA
FA =
MSE
FB =
SSAB
(n - 1)(m - 1)
MSB
MSE
FAB =
MSAB
MSE
SSE
nm(r - 1)
* Kt lun:
Kh
Ma
Min
Thi im
u ma
Gia ma
Cui ma
u ma
Gia ma
Cui ma
Nam
Trung
Bc
2,4
2,4
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,6
2,1
2,2
2,2
2,2
2,3
2,3
3,2
3,2
3,4
3,4
3,5
3,5
Hy cho bit hm lng saponin c khc nhau theo ma hay min khng? Nu c th 2 yu
t ma v min c s tng tc vi nhau hay khng? a = 0,05
Dng EXCEL
* Chn Tools\Data Analysis\Anova: Two Factor With Replication
* Chn cc mc nh trong hnh
* Bng ANOVA
SUMMARY
Nam
Trung
Bac
Total
Count
Sum
Average
Variance
3
7.3
2.433333
0.003333
3
6.5
2.166667
0.003333
3
9.8
3.266667
0.013333
9
23.6
2.622222222
0.251944444
Count
Sum
Average
Variance
3
7.6
2.533333
0.003333
3
6.8
2.266667
0.003333
3
10.4
3.466667
0.003333
9
24.8
2.755555556
0.300277778
Count
Sum
Average
Variance
6
14.9
2.483333
0.005667
6
13.3
2.216667
0.005667
6
20.2
3.366667
0.018667
ANOVA
Source of Variation
Sample
Columns
Interaction
Within
SS
0.08
4.347778
0.01
0.06
df
MS
0.08
2.173889
0.005
0.005
Total
1
2
2
12
F
16
434.7777778
1
P-value
0.001761696
6.36194E-12
0.396569457
F crit
4.747221283
3.885290312
3.885290312
Total
4.497778
17
FA > F1; 12; 0,95 = 4,7472
: Hm lng saponin khc nhau theo ma.
FB > F2; 12 ; 0,95 = 3, 8853 : Hm lng saponin khc nhau theo min.
FAB < F2 ; 12 ; 0,95 = 3,8853
: chp nhn H0 ( khng tng tc)
Vy hm lng saponin trong dc liu khc nhau theo ma, theo min v khng c s tng tc
gia ma v min trn hm lng saponin.
Bi tp
1) Mt nghin cu c thc hin nhm xem xt s lin h gia loi phn bn, ging la v
nng sut. Nng sut la c ghi nhn t cc thc nghim sau:
Ging la
A
B
C
Loi phn bn
65
69
75
1
68
71
75
62
67
78
74
72
70
2
79
69
69
76
69
65
64
68
78
3
72
73
82
65
75
80
83
78
76
4
82
78
77
84
75
75
Hy cho bit s nh hng ca loi phn bn, ging la trn nng sut, a = 0,01
2) iu tra mc tng trng chiu cao ca 1 loi cy trng theo loi t trng v loi phn bn
c kt qu:
Loi t
Loi phn
A
B
5,5
5,5
6,0
5,6
7,0
7,0
4,5
4,5
4,0
5,0
5,5
5,0
3,5
4,0
3,0
4,0
5,0
4,5
Hi c s khc nhau ca mc tng trng chiu cao theo loi t v loi phn bn ?
a=0,05
3) Nghin cu sn lng bng (t/ha) theo mt trng A v phn bn B thu c:
Mt trng
a1
a2
a3
Phn bn
b1
16
14
21
16
17
15
17
19
18
18
19
17
b2
19
20
23
19
19
18
18
20
20
23
21
21
b3
19
21
22
20
21
21
22
23
22
18
21
21
b4
20
24
21
17
20
20
22
19
25
22
21
23
R=
xi y i - xi y i
[n xi2 - ( xi ) 2 ][n yi2 - ( yi ) 2 ]
H s tng quan
Nu
Nu
Nu
Nu
V d: Kho st mi quan h gia nhit trung bnh vi doanh s bn kem theo bng thng
k sau:
Thng
Nhit trung bnh
Doanh s bn kem
Doanh s bn u
4
22
1250
3254
5
27
3297
3072
6
30
5576
3348
7
34
8109
3118
8
38
9645
3211
9
32
7726
3276
10
25
2958
3081
Nhp v x l d liu: chn menu Tools/Data Analysis/Correlation
Kt qu
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Column 1
1
0.985572
0.127653
Column 2
Column 3
1
0.184818
y x = a + bx
,a=r
Sy
, b = y - ax
Kim nh h s a,b
* Gi thit H0: H s hi quy khng c ngha (= 0 )
H1: H s hi quy c ngha ( 0 )
* Trc nghim t < ta,n-2 : chp nhn H0
Sx
V d: S liu v doanh s bn hng (Y) v chi ph cho hng (X) ca mt s cng ty, c kt
qu sau:
X (triu/nm) 12 10
11
8
15
14
17 16 20
18
Y (t /nm)
2
1,8 1,8 1,5 2,2 2,6
3
3
3,5
3
Xc nh phng trnh hi quy tuyn tnh
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.963150954
R Square
0.927659761
Adjusted R Square
0.918617231
Standard Error
0.191227589
Observations
10
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
102.5885
Regression
3.751456073
3.751456
Residual
0.292543927
0.036568
Total
4.044
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Significance F
7.71522E-06
Lower 95%
Intercept
0.053017571
0.243302295
0.217908
0.832956
-0.50803889
0.169289534
0.016714013
10.1286
7.72E-06
0.130746927
y x = 0,053 + 0,1693x
y x = b0 + b1 x1 + ... + bn x n
Kim nh h s bj
* Gi thit H0: Cc h s hi quy khng c ngha (bj= 0 )
H1: C t nht vi h s hi quy c ngha (bj 0 )
* Trc nghim t < ta,n-2 : chp nhn H0
Y X 1 = b0 + b1 X 1
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.462512069
R Square
0.213917414
Adjusted R Square
0.101619901
Standard Error
1.811191587
Observations
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
Significance F
1.904917
0.209994918
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Regression
6.24891746
6.248917
Residual
22.96290476
3.280415
Total
29.21182222
Coefficients
Standard Error
Intercept
2.726666667
1.280705853
2.129034
0.070771
-0.301719287
X1
0.044539683
0.032270754
1.380187
0.209995
-0.031768471
Ngha l : Hiu sut Y khng c lin quan tuyn tnh vi yu t thi gian X1
Y X 2 = b0 + b2 X 2
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
R Square
Adjusted R Square
Standard Error
0.873933544
0.76375984
0.730011246
0.99290379
Observations
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
Significance F
22.63086
0.002066188
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Regression
22.31081667
22.31082
Residual
6.901005556
0.985858
Total
29.21182222
Coefficients
Intercept
X2
Phng trnh hi quy:
Standard Error
-11.14111111
3.25965608
-3.41788
0.011168
-18.84896742
0.128555556
0.027023418
4.757191
0.002066
0.064655371
Y X 1, X 2 = b0 + b1 X 1 + b2 X 2
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.988776
R Square
0.977677
Adjusted R Square
0.970236
Standard Error
0.329669
Observations
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
131.3921
Regression
28.55973413
14.27987
Residual
0.652088095
0.108681
Total
29.21182222
Coefficients
Standard Error
-12.7
X1
X2
Intercept
Significance F
1.11235E-05
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
1.101638961
-11.5283
2.56E-05
-15.3956154
0.04454
0.005873842
7.582718
0.000274
0.030166899
0.128556
0.008972441
14.32782
7.23E-06
0.106600767
-12.7
X1
0.04454
X2
0.128556
Bi tp
1. Cho Y l nhu cu tht b (n v 100 tn) ca 12 thng lin tip (X) trong mt khu dn c :
X: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
Y: 15, 18, 18, 16, 14, 18, 20, 21, 19, 20, 24, 26.
Hy c lng hm hi quy tuyn tnh n, d bo nhu cu tht b cho 3 thng tip theo.
p s : y = 0.793706 x + 13.92424.
2. Trong 10 thng lin tip lng hng bn ra ca mt cng ty rt thp, sau cng ty tung ra th
trng mt sn phm mi v nhn thy lng hng bn ra tng theo hm m. S n v hng
bn ra (Y) trong 6 thng tip theo (X) cho trong bng sau:
trong Y l thu nhp quc dn, X1 l sn lng in, X2 l sn lng than, X3 l sn lng
lng thc, X4 l sn lng thp. Dng hai phng php: dng hm Linest v lnh Tools / Data
Analysis. D bo Y vi X = (5.2, 65.1, 275.3, 37.8).
p s: d bo Y =751.79289.
4. Bng bn cho s liu v doanh thu (Y), chi ph cho qung co (X1), tin lng ca nhn vin tip
th (X2) ca 12 cng ty t nhn, n v l 1 triu ng. Xy dng hm hi quy tuyn tnh bi Y
ph thuc vo X1, X2.
c lng hm hi quy ta dng hm mng Linest nh sau: nh du khi vng B19: D23,
nhp cng thc =LINEST(A2 : A13, B2 : C13, True, True), n Ctrl + Shift +Enter, kt qu ta
c 12 s:
5. Tnh hm hi quy ca y (sn lng nng nghip) ph thuc vo x (lng phn bn).