By: ME

 Graphs and statistics are often used to

persuade. Advertisers and others may
accidentally or intentionally present
information in a misleading way.

 Art is often used to make a graph more

interesting, but it can often distort the
data.
The heights of the sails are used to show the number of each type
of boat that was sold, but because they are different sizes it
throws of the graph data.
It is misleading because the graph doesn’t start at zero. Therefore, it
seams that Overachievers Elementary had 3x’s the average score as
Dullsville Elementary when they really only averaged 4 points higher.
 A small business has 5 employees with
the following salaries: $90,000 (owner),
$18,000, $22,000, $20,000, $23,000.
The owner places an ad that reads:
“Help wanted- average salary $34,600”
 Although the average salary is $34,600,
only one person makes over $23,000. It
is not likely that a new employee would
be hired at a salary of $34,600
 A market researcher randomly selects 8
people to focus-test three brands, labeled
A, B and C. Of these, 4 chose brand A, 2
chose brand B and to chose brand C.
--- An ad for brand A states: “Preferred 2
to 1 over leading brands!”
 The sample size is to small. Twice as
many people chose brand A, but the
difference between 2 and 4 people is not
meaningful.