3.

Solution:
(a) Euler- Explicit Marching process
Error computation for the different cases of Euler-Explicit marching scheme for three different time
steps:
The computed errors have been tabulated for the different cases.
Error = I Exact solution I I solution by using the Euler Explicit scheme I (in m)
Error (%) =

X 100 % (non-dimensionalised with the exact solution)
The comparison of the numerical results obtained with different time steps has been graphically
shown by plotting the non-dimensionalised error (%) with respect to time.

Fig.1: Non-dimensionalised error percentages using the Euler Explicit Scheme
The value of h(t) at 1 sec for the numerical simulations using Euler explicit scheme with different
time step sizes along with the divergence from the exact solution is shown below:
dt(time step) time(t) h(t) from E-X scheme (in m) Exact solution (in m) Error (in m)
Error
(%)
0.2 1 sec 4.915 5.518 0.603 10.927
0.1 1 sec 5.230 5.518 0.288 5.219
0.01 1 sec 5.490 5.518 0.028 0.502





(b) Runge Kutta Marching process
Non-dimensionalised error (%) plot for the analysis of the same problem with Runge Kutta method
is shown in the Fig.2.

Fig.2: Non-dimensionalised error percentages using the Runge-Kutta marching method
The value of h(t) at 1 sec for the numerical simulations using Runge Kutta scheme with different
time step sizes along with the divergence from the exact solution is shown below:
dt(time step) time(t) h(t) from E-X scheme (in m) Exact solution (in m) Error (in m) Error (X 10e-5) (%)
0.2 1 5.51827857 5.51819162 -0.00008695 -15.75775434
0.1 1 5.51819662 5.51819162 -0.00000500 -0.905843108
0.01 1 5.51819162 5.51819162 0.00000000 -8.4031E-05