PSY 303

Exam 2 Study Guide

F ratio, MS, SS, and df for numerator (between-groups), denominator (within-groups), and total
o Formulas for how to calculate each
o Describe (and recognize descriptions of) what each of these mean conceptually (not just a
verbalization of the formula)
How to complete/recognize the information in an ANOVA source table
o How are the different pieces of info (SS, df, MS, F) related to each other?
What does omnibus F tells us? What does it NOT tell us?
o What probability does a p value represent?
o eta
2
as an effect size estimate
How is it calculated? What does its value represent?
What is the relation between effect size and statistical significance?
t-tests for independent means
o What does t tell us?
o What is the relation between F and t?
o How to interpret SPSS Output of t-test
(Dont worry about Levenes test of equality of variances)
o Why not multiple t-tests to compare groups within a one-way ANOVA?
What is alpha (Type 1 error)?
What is family-wise alpha? When does it increase? How do you compute it?
Tukeys HSD post hoc test
o What does it do? When/why is it used?
o How to calculate a critical difference and compare means
o How to interpret an SPSS printout of one-way ANOVA with post-hoc tests
Planned contrasts
o When can/should contrasts be used and why?
o How to determine & calculate contrast weights based on hypotheses
using same metric of DV or numbers that reflect the same relative pattern
pairwise, linear contrasts
Be able to come up with a specific pattern of contrast weights that correspond to a
written description of hypotheses or values of predicted means
Be able to provide a written description of hypotheses that correspond with a
specific pattern of contrast weights
o Contrast value (), SS, MS, df, F test of contrast
know formulas and how to calculate each of above
What influences the SS and statistical significant of F?
o How to interpret SPSS output of one-way ANOVA with contrasts
o When do contrasts fall short
o How to complete/recognize the role of contrasts within an overall ANOVA source table