Рисуване На Зъби в Утроени Размер (Окончателно)

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.
:
1. . . , . . ,2007
2. . ., .. , ,
3. .
4.Wheeler's Dental Anatomy, Physiology and Occlusion - google books
5.Concise Dental Anatomy and Morphology. J.Fuller,G.Denehy,T.Schulein
6. Dental Anatomy. J.Woelfel google books
7. http://www.learnerstv.com/Free-Dental-Video-lectures-ltv137-Page1.htm
:
:(L.-planus,E. -plane)
, ,

( ) .
// - ,
. , ,
- -
. ,
.
() - ,
, .
.

:
A (L. axis Gr. axn - ) - .
.
-
- -
- (L.cervix) -
- (L. incidere)
-
- (L.corona)
-
- - (anteroposterior AP;MD)
-
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-
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:
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(L .margo, E .line angle) ,- ,
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. 8 .
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.
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. //(L. Apex anguli mediovestibuloocclusalis coronae


dentis;E.point angle ) .

-- ()(L. Cervix, E.cementoenamel junction)-


,
.. .
, -
- , -
.
. -
.

- (facies vestibularis, L.vestibulum oris ), , .
, , (L.labia
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,
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-()( ) .
- (facies lingualis)- ,
, .
( facies palatinalis).
,-, ( ), ()( )
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-
.
- () (L, approximare-) - ,
-(facies proximalis,( L, proximus )
facies approximalis; medialis et distalis).
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(Gr. Mesos - ), ,
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- (facies incisalis,). ,
.
(), -, ( )

() . crista
incisalis, cristae medialis et distalis.
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. -,-,-
(,, ) .
.
-
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.
(apex radicis, L.apex ).

, ( ),
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, - .
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(L.truncus , ),
(L.furca- ),
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: (L, convextus
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(L.eminentia - , )
- , .
-
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:
:
(cuspis dentis, L.cuspis , E.cusp ) ,
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(cristae) , ,
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Cingulum(L.-,) , ,
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(Gk, lobos) ,
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: (L.crista() , )
. , crista.
(E.inclined plane) .

.
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-
-
- (L.cristae medialis et distalis, E.medial/distal cusp ridge)

- (L.crista vestibularis et crista lingvalis,E.vestibular/lingual cusp
ridge) - ,
.
- (L.crista triangularis,E.triangular ridge) - ,
.
,
, .(L.crista transversa coronae
dentis,E.transverse ridge) (crista)
(crista)
() (L.crista obliqua coronae dentis , E.oblique ridge of crown).
(L.crista trigonalis, trigonum ), .
-/,/ (L.cristae marginalis,E.marginal
ridges) ,
,
.
- ( ), (L, in- ,
vagina , ), () .

-
- ( L. crista (eminencia)vestibulocervicalis )-
, .
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- (crista(eminencia) lingvalis) -
(cingulum),
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(E.height of contour)- , ,
- .


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() .
, ,
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(E.central groove). (L. Fissure,E.fissure)
. (L.sulcus ,,)
, ,
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- (E.supplemental/secondary/ grooves)-,
,
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- (L. Fovea,E. Pit) - ,
. .
- .

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// .
,
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mm .
(E.cusp height) - ,
.
- mm MD .

4
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/
/.

11.2
1
12.2
2
13.2
3
14.2
4
15.2
5
16.2
6
17.2
7

:
:

MD VL MD VL
67

31

36

25

21

19

19

65

28

37

20

19

15

17

78

31

47

22

24

17

23

62

23

39

20

27

14

25

64

22

42

18

26

14

24

62

20

42

30

34

24

33

60
23
37
28
33
23
32

:
:

MD VL MD VL

41.3
1
62
26
37
17
17
10
42.3
2
64
28
36
17
18
11
43.3
3
75
32
42
19
23
16
44.3

4
65
23
42
20
23
15
45.3
5
65
22
44
20
24
16
46.3
6
63
19
44
33
31
25
47.3
7
62
20
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5 . 3
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. VL .
MD VL . /
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/dentes permanentes/, 8.
incidere-.
.
4 - /11,21/ /12,22/.
- 2 /31,41/ /32,42/.
/ /

. , //11 21
31,41/, / . /
/ /.

,
.

1. .
2. .
3. /,,,/ /,,/ .
4., , ,
.
.
5 : -facies proximalis:
-facies vestibularis -facies lingualis/ /facies
aproximalis contactus: facies medialis facies distalis. -facies masticatoria
facies occlusalis, - facies incisalis, -margo
incisalis.
-Dens incisivus centralis superior.
// - . -

.
Facies vestibularis /facies labialis/
- ,
.

/../
, .
.
,
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- -, -.
, - ,
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.. ,
- /mamelons/, ..
- , MD .
- -. .
.



, -
//, .

Facies lingualis /facies palatinalis/


-
..
() ,

(fossa lingvalis) - -
.

.
2,3 4
.

.
Facies approximalis /facies medialis et facies distalis/.
- . -

. -
S ,
.
- - , - .
-
-
.
, - ,
, VL
. -
.
, , ,
,
.
.

Facies incisalis.
fac.incisalis ,
. - - -.
- -.
, - .
, 3 .
e , , -
.
cingulum-, -
. .

Radix dentis
.
, .
/apex/.
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17.
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18.
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.
19. .
20.

.
21. .
22. .
. 3-4mm .

23. 1-1,5mm fossa lingualis.


24. ,
.

25. fossa lingualis.


26.
.
27. .
28. .
,
. , ,
.
29. .


Dentes canini
caninus- .
/ .cuspis-/ .
4 //. -13,23
-33 43.
, .
//. -
/+/, -
-10,6mm./ ., ., . .
100 000 /. - -
15,7mm .
, - , .
, / /.

.

1. , .
2. .
3.

.. /canine guidance/.
4. , , , ,
.
. Dens caninus superior
.
/ . .
Facies vestibularis /facies labialis/

, . - .
.
, .
(). ,
S- ,
.
,
. -
VL - . -
( 30) , - -.
,
. .
.

Facies lingualis/facies palatinalis/


- .
- . (), . ()
. - ,

() , ( ). ()
(fossae)- . ()
// .
, .
, - -
.
,
.

./ /
Facies approximalis, Facies medialis et facies distalis.
, . .

-
. -.
. - ,
- .

. Facies incisalis
- ,

.
.
- VL , -
.

.
.Radix
-.
- , .
.
. .
.
1. () () ()
. VL/2.4/
MD/2.2/
2mm .
. -

7.8, -3.1. .
2. /MD/ ,
. 45. .
.
3. - 1,7 2.2 ,
.
.

4. .
5. , .

6. .

7. .
8. S- ().
9. ,
.
.

10.
11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .

: .
.
. dents
praemolares ( prae- mola- ).
, .
(bicuspidates)
(35,45), - (
).
.
, 75% ,

.
8 -4 (14,15,24,25) 4 (34,35,44,45),
. ,
.
:
( ) .
.
.
- .
, .
34,44
Dens praemolaris inferior primus
. ,
. -
. .
. ,
.
. Facies vestibularis
. ,
, - -.
. () - -
. .
( , , 2007)
30.
: 1. - (-); 2.
(- ); 3.
4. . (
) (
). . -
.
, .
, .
.

. Facies lingualis.
, - - .
.. -
- , .
-
,
, .
,
Adlof.
.
, .

- .
Facies approximalis, Facies medialis et facies distalis.

.
, . . ,
. ,
- .
, .
45 .
.
() - .
() ,
(), - .

() . Facies
occlusalis
,
( Adloff), ,
, .
,
.
()
.
- - - - .
() , - - .
,
() . -
.

, .

.Radix dentis.
- ,
.
. - .
- .
, ,
- . .
.
1. :

20/23 mm. 2mm ,
. .
2. 23 , , 20 -V-.
3. , 45 .
- 23 VL-
, .
.
.
4. 45 V
, .
-
.

5. V .
6. - , 65 23
. .
7. -15
. .

8. 21.
.

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11. . .
12. .. .
.
13. ,
.
14. .

15.
16. , .

: .
( )16,17,18;26,27,28;36,37,38;46,47,48.
Dentes molares
mola- .
12 , 3
-, -. 20%
, ,
. () -
.
- -
.
(51% 44% ) J.Woelfel
,
. - ()
. 3, 4 5 , .
-
, 16,26, .
- ,
- .

: 1.- , 2. . 3.-

, .
.
. 16,26
Dens molaris superior primus
. - . - ,
.
, -
.
()
Facies buccalis /vestibularis/
.
.
- MD .
, .
,
.
,
.
- ,
,
MV , .,
DV - . ,
, .
.
.
, .

,
.

//
Facies palatinalis /lingualis/
- .
.
,
. - . MD
- MD
.
// ,
, ,
, . (crista)
,
. - .
. 70%
/46%/ ,
Georg von Carabelli . ,
2 .

\
//
Facies approximalis /facies contactus/
A ,
.
-
, . .
.
. .
()
. (crista) ,
. Carabelli,
.
.

,
, .
,
() .
. () - VL -
. -
, - VL .
, ,
, .

. (Facies occlusalis).

,
.
, . VL
- MD 1,2 . -
- VL . -
. - (ML), (MV),
(DV), (DL) -.
- Carabelli (46% ), ML MV
. , MV
-. ML 60% MD -
. ()
(). ML () MV
, ML
() DV V-
- (). . DL
- -. MV .
() .
() - -
. () .
, .
- .
, .
-
, , .
, .

, .

.
.
, .

. ,
.
. ,
.
. ,
.
, .
() ML
. ,
, .

. Radices dentes molares superiores.


- ,
. - -
. VL - MD.
. , ,
. ,
.
. ,
. , . VL
- MD. ,
.
. - .
, ,
.
. - ,
.

:
1. md-30 vl-24 .
-62 21 .
.
2. , .
3.
.
4. .

5. .
6. 1/3
.

7. .

8. .

9.
.

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12. ().
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15. .

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.
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