MAY 2014 YEAR 11 PRE-DIPLOMA BIOLOGY

Ecological Pyramids
Answer the following qestions !" writing the #nswers #fter the qestions$
1$
#% &h#t 'in( of e)ologi)#l *"r#+i( is (e*i)te( in the #!o,e (i#gr#+-
#$ A *"r#+i( of .+!ers- Yes
!$ A *"r#+i( of Energ"- .o
)$ A *"r#+i( of Bio+#ss- .o
!% Des)ri!e the sh#*e of this e)ologi)#l *"r#+i($ &h" (oesn/t this *"r#+i( )oll#*se e,en thogh
there #re fewer org#nis+s #t the first tro*hi) le,el th#n #t the se)on( tro*hi) le,el-
Be)#se the one th#t is in the first tro*hi) le,el is the o#' tree0 whi)h is l#rge enogh to fee(
e,er"one in the other tro*hi) le,els s)h #s the se)on( one whi)h the )#ter*ill#r t#'es *l#)e$
)% &h#t h#**ens to the energ" store( in e#)h tro*hi) le,el #s one +o,es * throgh the le,els in the
*"r#+i(-
Energ" gets se( * #s it goes higher in the tro*hi) le,el$ Energ" (e)re#ses #s #ll the org#nis+s
t#'es it0 onl" 101 of the energ" goes throgh e#)h le,el$ Energ" is lost in f#e)es #n( #lso in
res*ir#tion
1
MAY 2014 YEAR 11 PRE-DIPLOMA BIOLOGY
2$
#%
2i% &h#t 'in( of e)ologi)#l *"r#+i( is (e*i)te( in the #!o,e (i#gr#+-
Bio+#ss *"r#+i(
2ii% Pro,i(e #n e3*l#n#tion to 4stif" "or #nswer to 2i% #!o,e$
&e )#n s#" this !" loo'ing #t the nit whi)h is +#ss 2g5+6%$ &hi)h is +ost of the ti+e se( to
+e#sre the #+ont of s*#)e or ti+e
!% Des)ri!e two )o+*li)#tions th#t )#n #rise when !iologists se # *"r#+i( of !io+#ss$
7he w#ter will !e the one th#t wol( )h#nge the reslt throgh the org#nis+s$ 7o +#'e the *"r#+i(
right0 the org#nis+ h#s to !e 'ill #n( then (r" ot$
.ot #ll the energ" is se(0 4st # s+#ll #+ont sin)e for "o to 'ill the org#nis+ #n( get the reslts
6$ A gr#ssl#n( e)os"ste+ in Al!ert# re)ei,es 1800 '9 of snlight$ One foo( )h#in in this )o++nit"
is (e*i)te( #s follows:
gr#ss gr#ssho**ers !l#)'!ir(s h#w's
#% Dr#w #n e)ologi)#l *"r#+i( th#t illstr#tes the tr#nsfer of energ" in this )o++nit"$ ;sing
the rle of 100 (eter+ine the #+ont of energ" th#t is store( #t e#)h tro*hi) le,el$ In)l(e #ll
rele,#nt l#!els$
2
MAY 2014 YEAR 11 PRE-DIPLOMA BIOLOGY
!% A f#r+er sets * # !ff#lo f#r+ in this e)os"ste+$ O,er ti+e0 the !ff#lo gre#tl" re()e the
gr#ss !io+#ss in the )o++nit"$ E3*l#in how the intro()tion of this new s*e)ies )ol(
#ffe)t the #+ont of energ" tr#nsferre( within the foo( )h#in th#t is shown #!o,e$
Intro()ing +ore s*e)ies will (e)re#se the #+ont of gr#ss #s there #re +ore )ons+ers0 therefore
this will re()e the energ" in the whole *"r#+i(0 there will !e less foo( so less energ" tr#nsfer
throgh e#)h le,el of the *"r#+i(
<h#r'
1$85=
9
<qi(
185=9
>erring
1805=9
Alg#e
1800005=9
6