Example

15
Krause gives an insightful example in his book, where he specifies generic quantities
f
as
, f
bs
, f
cs
to be a-b-c quantities varying with time on the stator according to:
t f
t
f
t f
cs
bs
as
sin
2
cos
The objective is to transform them into 0-d-q quantities, which he denotes as f
qs
, f
ds
, f
0s
.
t
t
t
f
f
f
f
f
f
cs
bs
as
s
ds
qs
sin
2 /
cos
2
1
2
1
2
1
) 120 sin( ) 120 sin( sin
) 120 cos( ) 120 cos( cos
3
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
) 120 sin( ) 120 sin( sin
) 120 cos( ) 120 cos( cos
3
2
0
Note that these are not
balanced quantities!
Example
16
This results in
Now assume that (0)=-/12 and =1 rad/sec. Evaluate the above for t= /3 seconds.
First, we need to obtain the angle corresponding to this time. We do that as follows:
4 12 3
)
12
( 1 ) 0 ( ) (
3 /
0 0
d d
t
Now we can evaluate the above equations 3A-1, 3A-2, and 3A-3, as follows:
Example
17
This results in
Example
18
t
t
t
f
f
f
s
ds
qs
sin
2 /
cos
2
1
2
1
2
1
) 120 sin( ) 120 sin( sin
) 120 cos( ) 120 cos( cos
3
2
0
Resolution of f
as
=cost into directions
of f
qs
and f
ds
for t=/3 (=/4).
Resolution of f
bs
=t/2 into directions
of f
qs
and f
ds
for t=/3 (=/4).
Resolution of f
cs
=-sint into directions
of f
qs
and f
ds
for t=/3 (=/4).
Composite
of other 3
figures
Inverse transformation
19
The d-q transformation and its inverse transformation is given below.
c
b
a
K
d
q
i
i
i
i
i
i
s

2
1
2
1
2
1
) 120 sin( ) 120 sin( sin
) 120 cos( ) 120 cos( cos
3
2
0
0
1
1 ) 120 sin( ) 120 cos(
1 ) 120 sin( ) 120 cos(
1 sin cos
i
i
i
i
i
i
d
q
K
c
b
a
s

2
1
2
1
2
1
) 120 sin( ) 120 sin( sin
) 120 cos( ) 120 cos( cos
3
2
s
K
1 ) 120 sin( ) 120 cos(
1 ) 120 sin( ) 120 cos(
1 sin cos
1
s
K
It should be the case that K
s
K
s
-1
=I, where I is the 3x3 identity matrix, i.e.,
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
1 ) 120 sin( ) 120 cos(
1 ) 120 sin( ) 120 cos(
1 sin cos
2
1
2
1
2
1
) 120 sin( ) 120 sin( sin
) 120 cos( ) 120 cos( cos
3
2
Balanced conditions
20
Under balanced conditions, i
0
is zero, and therefore it produces no flux at all. Under
these conditions, we may write the d-q transformation as
c
b
a
d
q
i
i
i
i
i
) 120 sin( ) 120 sin( sin
) 120 cos( ) 120 cos( cos
3
2
c
b
a
d
q
i
i
i
i
i
i
2
1
2
1
2
1
) 120 sin( ) 120 sin( sin
) 120 cos( ) 120 cos( cos
3
2
0 0
1 ) 120 sin( ) 120 cos(
1 ) 120 sin( ) 120 cos(
1 sin cos
i
i
i
i
i
i
d
q
c
b
a
d
q
c
b
a
i
i
i
i
i
) 120 sin( ) 120 cos(
) 120 sin( ) 120 cos(
sin cos