KINH NGHI M V K NNG GI I CC BI TON HA KINH

I N MANG M B N CH T HA H C.
Cu 1: hn hp kh X gm 0,3 mol H
2
v 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen. Nung X mt th!i gian v"i x#$ t%$ Ni thu
&'$ hh ( $) t* kh+i ,o v"i kk l 1. n-u $ho ton . y ,/$ t0 t0 vo 1ung 12$h 34
2
1' th5 $) m gam .4om tham
gia ph6n 7ng. gi% t4i $8a m l9
:. ; B. 16 <.32 =. 3,2
HD: tnh &'$ mX ,uy 4a ,+ mol hh ,au, & gi6m th> t$h hay ,+ mol $hnh l ,+ mol H
2
&? tham gia ph6n
7ng. nh@n thAy ,+ mol H
2
&? p' B2 ,+ mol vinylaxe, ,uy 4a ,+ mol .uten tCo thnh B0,1Bn.34
2
. t0 &) $ho ta
mB1D.
Cu 2: $ho 3,3D gam Eg t%$ 1/ng v0a &8 v"i 200ml 11 HNF
3
0,3E v H
2
GF
H
.E thu &'$ 11 :I$h* $h7a
$%$ mu+iJ v 0,02 mol hh kh 3 gm 2 kh N
2
F v N
2
, t* kh+i $8a 3 ,o v"i H
2
.Kng 1;. lm .ay hLi 11 : thu
&'$ m gam mu+i khan. Mi% t42 $8a m l9
:. 21,N2 3. 1N C. 17,73 =. 1N,0;
HD: ,+ mol EgB0,1H O HNF
3
B0,0D O =ung 12$h $h* $h7a $%$ mu+i nghPa l H
Q
,R 1/ng v0a &8, .i to%n ,S
tnh to%n 1Ta t4Un &2nh lu@t .6o ton &iVn t$h. W5 4Kng .i to%n 4At kh) X $h khYng &2nh l'ng 4Z 4ng v-
t'Lng t%$ $8a $%$ t%$ $hAt. W5 &[y l 1Cng to%n t4\$ nghiVm, l#$ no $]ng th-, .Cn &^$ $+ g\ng nhCy ._n t5m 4a
ph'Lng ph%p th$h hp v nhanh $h)ng.
=` 1ng tnh &'$ N
2
F B N
2
B0,01. 36o ton ele$t4on9 0,2;B0.01a10 Q 0,01a; Q NH
H
Q
ta $) &'$ ,+ mol $8a
NH
H
Q
B 0,012b. NF
3
c
B0,0Dc0,012bc0,0H I .6o ton nguyUn t+ N $8a N
2
F v N
2
J B0,00Nb. d4ong 1ung 12$h l#$
.Ay gi! gm NH
H
Q
, Eg
2Q
, NF
3
c
v GF
H
2c
O ,uy 4a ,+ mol GF
H
2c
B0,1H2b. W@y mB0,012ba1; Q 3,3D Q 0,00NbaD2
Q 0,1H2baeD B 1N,N3 gam.
Cu 3: kim loCi E t%$ 1/ng v"i 11 H
2
GF
H
lo?ng thu &'$ &Ln $hAt kh X. 3 l mt oxit $8a E, $ho 3 t%$
1/ng v"i 11 H<l &f$ $ho &Ln $hAt kh (. = l mt mu+i $8a E , nhiVt ph[n = thu &'$ &Ln $hAt kh Xg.
d4n hh X, (, g v"i t* lV ,+ mol t'Lng 7ng l 11919b th5 thu &'$ $hAt lhng d. nng & $hAt tan t4ong d l9
:. 2N,b;i 3. b0,2bi <. HH,N;i D.28,85%
HD: E l En, X l H
2
, ( l <l
2
, g l F
2
. t4n v"i t* lV nh' t4Un thu &'$ 2H<l910H
2
F
=` ,uy 4a nng & H<l l 2;,;bi.
Cu 4: nng & $8a H
2
v j
2
l#$ .an &ku &lu l 0,03 molml. khi &Ct &-n t4Cng th%i $[n .Kng , nng & $8a Hj l
0,0H molml. hKng ,+ $[n .Kng $8a ph6n 7ng tnng hp Hj l9
A. 16 3.32 <.10 =.;
HD: =` $h^n :. v5 hKng ,+ $[n .Kng o
$
.Kng t$h nng & $%$ $hAt ,au p' t4Un t$h nng & $%$ $hAt t4'"$
p'.I $) m] hV ,+ p7 lUnJ. <h# p9 hKng ,+ $[n .Kng $h* ph/ thu$ vo nhiVt &, khYng ph/ thu$ vo nng &
$%$ $hAt m[u thuqn v"i $Yng th7$ x%$ &2nh n).
Cu 5: &+t $h%y hon ton 1; gam mt e,te X &Ln $h7$ thu &'$ 20,1D lt <F
2
I&kt$J v 12,eD gam n'"$.
mft kh%$ n-u $ho 21 gam X t%$ 1/ng v"i 200 ml 11 oFH 1,2E ,au &) $Y $Cn 11 thu &'$ 3H,HH gam $hAt 4\n
khan. <Yng th7$ ph[n tR $8a axit tCo 4a X l9
:.<
b
H
D
F
3
3. <
b
H
;
F
3
C. C
5
H
10
O
3
=. <
b
H
10
F
2
HD: 1` nh@n 4a &[y l e,te vrng. sh6n 7ng nh' ,au9 e,te Q NaFH B HFctc<FFNa. shkn ,au .Cn &^$ tT
gi6i. 1` nh@n 4a n-u $%$ .Cn $) ph6n xa v"i .i to%n, khYng th5 .Cn $+ g\ng .iVn lu@n $%$ $a,e e,te $) n+i
&Yiu
Cu 6: hn hp X gm mt ankan v mt anken. <ho X t%$ 1/ng v"i H,N0H lt H
2
I&kt$J $ho &-n p' hon ton
thu &'$ hh ( gm 2 kh t4ong &) $) H
2
1' v 1 hi14o$a$.on. v+t $h%y hon ton ( 4i $ho ton . ,6n phwm
vo n'"$ vYi t4ong 1' thAy kh+i l'ng .5nh &Tng n'"$ vYi t4ong txng 1D,2 gam v $) 1; gam k-t t8a tCo
thnh. <Yng th7$ $8a 2 hi14o$a$.on l9
A. C
2
H
6
v C
2
H
4
3. <
2
H
;
v <
3
H
D
<. <
H
H
10
v <
H
H
;
=. <
b
H
10
v <
b
H
12
HD: &+t ( $]ng nh' &+t X. ,+ mol n'"$ tCo t0 ankan v anken t4ong X l9 0,HDc0,21B0,2b.
=` nh@n thAy 2 hi14o$. ny $) $yng ,+ $a$.on v"i n.n'"$B0,2b, n.<F
2
B 0,1;, & $hUnh lV$h xzvl ,+ mol 1o
ankan g[y 4a, ,uy 4a ,+ mol ankanB 0,2bc0,1;B0,0N. M^i $Yng th7$ ankan9 <
n
H
2nQ2
$ho 4a n<F
2
, v5 $6 2 hi14$.
&lu tCo kh nUn9 na0,0N{0,1;, ,uy 4a n{2,b. ,uy 4a $) 2 <.
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
Cu #: hn hp : gm <
3
H
H
v H
2
. $ho : &i |ua +ng &Tng .t Ni nung n)ng thu &'$ hh 3 $h* gm 3
hi14o$a$.on $) t* kh+i ,o v"i H
2
l 21,b. t* kh+i $8a : ,o v"i H
2
l9
:. 10,H 3. e,2 <. N,2 D. 8,6
HD: ph6n 7ng ny tCo 1 anken, 1ankan v ankin 1', tuy nhiUn l'ng th> t$h ankin 1' ta $) th> xem .Kng 0
ItT $h^n l'ng $hAt, &> .i to%n &Ln gi6n hLnJ.
dh- th59 ,+ mol hh &ku Bb, ,+ mol hh ,auB 2. ,uy 4a &'$ E
:
mE
3
Bn
3
mn
:
B2mb. ,uy 4a E
:
B2E
3
mbB;,D. &i>n h5nh
$ho pp tT $h^n l'ng $hAt.
Cu $: X l tet4apeptit $) $Yng th7$ Mlyc:lacWalcMly. ( l t4ipeptit $) $Yng th7$ MlycWalc:la. vun m gam
hh : gm X, ( $) t* lV mol t'Lng 7ng l H93 v"i 1 oFH v0a &8 ,au khi p' x6y 4a hon ton $Y $Cn 11 thu
&'$ 2bN,3D gam $hAt 4\n khan. Mi% 42 $8a m l9
:. 1b0,;; !. 155%44 <. 1DN,3; =.212,12
HD: g^i ,+ mol 2 $hAt t4Un l HxO 3x. ,uy 4a ,+ mol oFH p7 l 1DxQexB2bx O ,+ mol n'"$ l Nx
36o ton kh+i l'ng gi6i 4a x, ,uy 4a m B1bb,HH
Cu &: &+t $h%y hon ton b,H gam mt amin X &Ln $h7$ t4ong l'ng v0a &8 khYng kh. =qn ,6n phwm kh
|ua .5nh &Tng n'"$ vYi t4ong 1' thu &'$ 2H gam k-t t8a v $) H1,DDH ltI&kt$J mt $hAt kh 1uy nhAt tho%t
4a. X t%$ 1/ng v"i HNF
2
tCo 4a kh N
2
. X l9
:. &imetylamin 3. anilin C. etylamin =. metyl amin
HD: t4'"$ h-t loCi &'$ &%p %n 3ItCo mu+i &ia}oniJ, vi-t pt &+t $h%y amin no &Ln v g^i x l ,+ mol amin $kn
t5m. da $) &'$ ,+ mol oxi ph[n tR l 0,bI3nQ1,bJx, ,uy 4a ,+ mol N
2
t4ong kk v0a &8 B H ,+ mol oxiB
2I3nQ1,bJx. =o &) ,+ mol N
2
I.ay 4aJB2I3nQ1,bJx Q 0,bx B1,;D
Guy 4a Dnx Q3,bx B 1,;D, Eft kh%$ ta $) n.<F
2
BnxB0,2H. v@y nUn 3,bxB0,H2, ,uy 4a xB0,12. t5m &'$ E
amin
B
Hb.
Cu 10: '( )u*+ ,-.h /-0..111
<ho 1;,32 gam axit pi$4i$ vo mt .5nh &Tng .Kng gang $) 1ung t$h khYng &ni 0,bD ltIkhYng $) khYng khJ,
4i g[y nn X 1e11
0
<. ~p ,uAt t4ong .5nh tCi nhiVt & &) l p atm, .i-t 4Kng ,6n phwm nn l hh <F, <F
2
, N
2
,
H
2
v %p ,uAt thT$ t- nhh hLn %p ,uAt lp thuy-t ;i. p $) gi% t42 l9
:.20N,3Db 3. 211,;3D <.201,000 =.223,D3b
HD: d5m &'$ ,+ mol $8a axit pi$4i$B0,0;, khi g[y nn thu &'$ hh kh &), ,uy 4a ,+ mol hh l 0,N2. da $)
pB0,e2pB0,e2a0,0;2a0,N2I1e11Q2N3Jm0,bDB211,;3D. W@y $h^n 3.
Cu 11: 2/-0. h3.h ch4 56- +47. +8.g g-9m +h0 +:ch; Nung n)ng hh gm 0,b mol nitL v 1,b mol hi14o t4ong
.5nh knI $) x#$ t%$J 4i &'$ vl nhiVt & t thAy %p ,uAt t4ong .5nh l#$ ny l p
1
atm. Gau &) $ho mt l'ng 1'
H
2
GF
H
&f$ vo .5nhI nhiVt & l#$ ny $]ng l tJ &-n khi %p ,uAt nn &2nh th5 thAy %p ,uAt t4ong .5nh l#$ ny l
p
2
Ip
1
B1,Nbp
2
J. HiVu ,uAt tnng hp NH
3
l9
:. Dbi 3.N0i <.b0i D. 60%
HD: ,+ mol hh &kuB2. x l ,+ mol N
2
. $ho H
2
GF
H
vo &> lAy &i 2x mol t7$ l ph6n 7ng ,au $yng &? gi6m
&i Hx mol. da $) pt9 2 HxBI2c2xJm1,Nb, ,uy 4a xB0,3, ,uy 4a HB0,D.
Cu 1<: mt hh X gm mt hi14o$a$.on mC$h hX : $) 2 n+i &Yi t4ong ph[n tR, v H
2
$) t* kh+i ,o v"i H
2
.Kng H,;. Nung n)ng X v"i x#$ t%$ Ni &> ph6n 7ng x6y 4a hon ton ta thu &'$ hh ( $) t* kh+i ,o v"i H
2
.Kng ;. <Yng th7$ v thnh phkn phkn t4xmI theo thl t$hJ $8a : t4ong X l9
:.O <
3
H
H
;0i B. C
3
H
4
20% <. <
2
H
2
O 20i =. <
2
H
2
O ;0i
HD: n
(
mn
X
BXm(B0,D, ,uy 4a ,+ mol hh &ku B1, hh ,au B 0,D. vng th!i 1 kiVn t* kh+i hh ,au .Kng ;It7$ l
E
,au
B1D{2DJ $ho ta .i-t hi14o$a$.on $h'a no h-t v H
2
1'.
Guy 4a & gim ,+ mol Bn. H
2 tham gia p'
B0,HB2n.ankinB2n.akan tCo. v5 th- hh ,au $) 0,2 mol ankan tCo, ,uy 4a
H
2
1' l 0,H. GR 1/ng ,L & &'!ng $h_o $ho hh ,au $ho ta .i-t &) l <
3
H
H
, th> t$h th5 |u% 1` &> .i-t l 20i.
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
Cu 13: hh : gm 2 hi14o$a$.on mC$h hX $) $yng ,+ nguyUn tR $a$.on v $Au tCo ph[n tR hLn k_m nhau
mt liUn k-t pi. v+t $h%y hon ton 0,D mol : $kn 1yng 3D,eD lt F
2
I&kt$J, ,au p' thu &'$ 1D,2 gam H
2
F.
Hn hp : gm9
:. <
2
H
H
v <
2
H
D
3. <
3
H
H
v <
3
H
D
C. C
2
H
2
v C
2
H
4
=. <
3
H
D
v <
3
H
;
HD: ,+ $a$.on
t.
B2 O ,+ hi14o
t.
B3. Hof$ .6o ton kh+i l'ng ta &'$ m
:
B1D,2. t0 &) ta $) E
t.
B2N. ph6i $)
ankin l <
2
H
2
.

Cu 14: $h* t0 $%$ h)a $hAt9 oEnF
H
I4\nJO gnO eGO 11 H<l &f$, $%$ thi-t .2 v &ilu kiVn $kn thi-t $) &8., ta $)
th> &ilu $h- &'$ ti &a .ao nhiUu kh9
A. 6 3. H <. N =. b
HD: thu+$ tm nhiVt ph[n 4a 4a F
2
O gnQH<lO eGQH<lO H
2
GQF
2
O thu+$ tm QH<lO EnF
2
QH<l.
Cu 15: $ho 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen v 0,3 mol H
2
|ua Ni nung n)ng. Gau p' thu &'$ hh kh X $) t* kh+i ,o
v"i H
2
l 1H,b. n-u $ho X |ua 11 n'"$ 34
2
1' th5 kh+i l'ng .5nh .4om txng .ao nhiUu gam9
A. 5,6 3. 2,; <. b,H =. 2,N
HD : ,+ mol hh ,auB0,2. ,uy 4a ,+ mol H
2
&? p7 l 0,Hc0,2B0,2O t0 &[y ,uy 4a p7 khYng th> tCo ankan v5 t* lV 2
$hAt tham gia nhh hLn I vinylaxetilen $) 1'J. ,uy 4a H
2
1'B0,3c0,2B0,1. t'Lng 7ng 0,2 gam. <rn lCi l kh+i
l'ng $%$ hi14o$a$.on $h'a no X lCi t4ong .5nh .4om. 36o ton kh+i l'ng $ho ta m
txng
Bm
hh &ku
cm
H21'
Bb,;c
0,2Bb,D.
oinh nghiVm9 E
t.
hh,au{2D, th5 ,uy 4a hi14o$a$.on $h'a no h-t v H
2
1'O v ng'$ lCi n-u 2D th5 $) th> 1'
h-tIp7 khYng hon tonJ.
Cu 16: hn hp E gm a$ol no, &Ln $h7$ X v axit $a$.oxyli$ &Ln $h7$ ( &lu mC$h hX v $) $yng ,+
nguyUn tR <, tnng ,+ mol $8a 2 $hAt l 0,2b molI ,+ mol $8a ( l"n hLn ,+ mol $8a XJ. N-u &+t $h%y hon
ton E th5 thu &'$ 1D,; lit kh <F
2
I&kt$J v 12,D gam n'"$. Eft kh%$ n-u &un n)ng E v"i H
2
GF
H
&> thT$
hiVn ph6n 7ng e,te h)aI HB0,;J th5 ,+ gam e,te thu &'$ l.9
:. 11,H B. !,12 <. 13,D; =.1;,2H.
HD: ,+ <
t.
B3. M^i 4'u <
3
H
N
FH9 x mol O axit <
2
H
n
<FFH9 y mol. W"i x{y. da $) $%$ ph'Lng t45nh9
xQyB0,2b O ,+ mol n'"$B0,bInQ1Jy Q Hx B0,N, v mt kho6ng $hfn $8a y l 0,12b{y{0,2b.
d0 &) ta $) yB 0,DmINcnJ, $ho nUn H,Dn2,2. <h^n nB3 thha m6n $Yng th7$ axit t4Un.
:xit l <
2
H
3
<FFH. Mi6i hV theo x, y t5m &'$ ,+ mol $%$ $hAt. tnh &'$ m e,te l
<
2
H
3
<FF<
3
H
N
B0,1a11Ha0,;Be,12.
Cu 1#: hh kh : $h7a <
2
H
2
, H
2
$) t* kh+i ,o v"i H
2
l b. =qn 20,1D lit : &i nhanh |ua Ni nung n)ng thu
&'$ 10,0; lit hh kh 3. =qn 3 |ua .5nh n'"$ .4om 1' $ho p7 hon ton th5 $rn lCi N,3e lit hh kh <. $%$ th>
t$h &o X &ilu kiVn tiUu $huwn.. Hhi kh+i l'ng .5nh .4om txng thUm .ao nhiUu gam9
:. D,D B. 3,3 <. ;,N =. H,eb
HD: ,+ mol :B0,eO n.<
2
H
2
B0,3O n.H
2
B0,DO ,+ mol $8a 3B0,Hb. ,uy 4a ,+ mol H
2
p7B0,ec0,HbB0,Hb. v@y < $)
$h7a 0,Dc0,HbB0,1b mol kh H
2
1'. Ngoi 4a < $rn $h7a 1 ankan na v"i ,+ mol yBN,3em22,H c0,1bI $8a
H
2
JB0,1;. mft kh%$ ,+ mol H
2
p7BxQ2yB0,HbI &? tnhJ, ,uy 4a x B 0,Hbc 2a0,1;B 0,0e. v"i x l ,+ mol anken
$]ng nh' ,+ mol axetilen tao 4a n). d0 &[y ta tnh &'$ ,+ mol axetilen &? p7B0,0eQ0,1;B0,2N, ,uy 4a ,+ mol
axetilen $rn 1' l 0,3c0,2NB0,03. v xB0,0eB,+ mol <
2
H
H
. ,uy 4a m
txng
B0,0ea2; Q 0,03a2D B 3,3.
Cu 1$: &un 2,N2 gam hh gm 2 an$ol v"i H
2
GF
H
&-n khi p7 x6y 4a hon ton thu &'$ hh kh gm 2
oleinIankenJ &ng &ng liUn ti-p. d4n 2 olein ny v"i 2H,DH lt khYng khI&kt$J thnh mt hh. v+t $h%y
hon ton hh &) t4ong .5nh kn. Gau khi ng'ng t/ h-t hLi n'"$ $rn lCi 1b,00e litI &o X 2N
0
< v 1,DeNH atm,
.i-t t4ong kk oxi $hi-m 20i th> t$h $rn lCi l N
2
J. <dsd $8a mi loCi an$ol l9
:.<
3
H
N
FH v <
2
H
b
FH 3. <H
3
FH v <
3
H
N
FH
<. <
3
H
N
FH v <
H
H
e
FH D. C
2
H
5
"H v C
3
H
7
"H
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
HD: n.kh B1,1, ,uy 4a F
2
B0,22O N
2
B0,;;Ikh t4L, khYng p7J. ,au khi ng'ng t/ n'"$ $) 1,03D mol kh, ,uy 4a
,+ mol hh ,auI k tnh N
2
JB 1,03Dc0,;;B0,1bD. vi-t pt p7 &+t anken, v g^i ,+ mol anken $hung l x. khi &)
F
2
1'B0,22c1,bnx I oxi ph6i 1' t4ong t4'!ng hp ny v5 n-u h-t gi6i 4a nBb,2JO v <F
2
Bnx mol. Guy 4a 0,22c
1,bnxQnxB0,1bD, nUn xB0,12;mn
da $)9 2,N2nm0,12;B1HnQ1; I &[y l E $8a ankenJ, gi6i 4a &'$ nB2,b. &) l $Yng th7$ $hung $8a <
2
v <
3
.
Cu 1&: mt hh : gm 2 kh N
2
v H
2
v"i t* lV th> t$h l 193. tCo ph6n 7ng gia N
2
v H
2
,au p7 thu &'$ hh
kh 3 . t* kh+i hLi $8a : ,o v"i 3 l 0,;Nb. dnh hiVu ,uAt $8a p7 tnng hp NH
3
9
A. 25% 3. 30i <.20i =. 1bi
HD: n
B
#n
A
$%
A
#%
B
$0,875, ,uy 4a n
3
B0,;Nban
:
B0,;NbaHB3,b. .i to%n ny gi6m 2x mol.
=o &)9 Hc2xB3,b, ,uy 4a xB0,2b, ,uy 4a HB0,2bm1B2bi I pp tT $h^n l'ng $hAtJ

Cu <0: hh X gm : l mt axit hu $L no, 2 $h7$, mC$h hX v 3 l axit khYng noI $) 1 n+i &Yi <B< t4ong
ph[n tRJ, &Ln $h7$ mC$h hX. G+ <a$.on t4ong : .Kng 2 lkn ,+ < t4ong 3. v+t $h%y b,0; gam hh X thu &'$
H,N0H lt <F
2
. N-u t4ung hra h-t b,0; gam hh X $kn 0,0N mol NaFH. <Yng th7$ ph[n tR $8a :, 3 lkn l't l9
:.I<FFHJ
2
, <
3
H
b
<FFH B. C
4
H
8
&C""H'
2
C
2
H
3
C""H
<. <
2
H
H
I<FFHJ
2
, <
2
H
3
<FFH =. <H
2
I<FFHJ
2
O <
b
H
e
<FFH
HD: =` $h^n &'$ 3O $6 3 &%p %n $rn lCi &lu khYng thha m?n ,+ < nh' &l .i &? nUu.
N-u gi6i ta ,S gi6i nh' ,au9 g^i :9 <
2n
9 y molO 39 <
n
9 x mol. dh- th5 nIxQ2yJB0,21, mft kh%$ :, 3 &lu t%$
1/ng v"i NaFH v"i ,+ mol NaFH p7 l xQ2yB0,0N, ,uy 4a nB3. d0 &) $ho ta : l<
H
H
;
I<FFHJ
2
O 3 l
<
2
H
3
<FFH.
Cu <1: X_t ph6n 7ng thu@n ngh2$h ,au9 GF
2IkJ
Q NF
2IkJ
GF
3IkJ
Q NF
IkJ
. $ho 0,11 mol GF
2
, 0,1 mol NF
2
,
0,07 m(l )"
3
vo .5nh kn 1ung t$h 2 ltO gi nhiVt & nn &2nh l t
0
<. khi ph6n 7ng &Ct &-n t4Cng th%i $[n
.Kng thAy $rn lCi 0,02 m(l *"
2
. HKng ,+ $[n .Kng $8a ph6n 7ng tCi nhiVt & &) l9
A. <0 3. 1; <. 10 =. 0,0b.
HD: $h# p hKng ,+ $[n .KngO hKng ,+ axit tnh to%n 1Ta t4Un nng & h-t. ta &'a ,+ mol vl nng & ,au &) 1`
tnh &'$ o
$
B20.
Cu <<: thT$ hiVn ph6n 7ng e,te h)a gia .utanc1,2,Hct4iol v hn hp 2 axit <H
3
<FFH v H<FFH th5 thu
&'$ t+i &a ,+ 1qn xuAt $h* $h7a $h7$ e,te l9
:. N !. $ <. b =. D
HD: t+i &a l9 2 e,te thukn Q $h*nh hp $h@p 2 $8a 3 phkn tR B;.
Cu <3: =ung 12$h axit omi$ H<FFH 0,0e2i I=B1gmmlJ $) & &iVn li l bi. v pH $8a 1ung 12$h l9
:. 2,3 3. H,3 C. 3 =. H
HD: $h^n 1 lt 11. d'Lng 7ng v"i 1000g H<FFH, $ho ta ,+ mol $8a axit omi$ l 0,02. ,uy 4a ,+ mol H
Q
ph[n li 4aB 0,02a0,0bB10
c3
&) $]ng l nng & H
Q
ph[n li 4aI v5 $h^n 1 ltJ. Guy 4a pHB clgH
Q
B3.
Cu <4: khi &ilu $h- axetilen .Kng ph'Lng ph%p nhiVt ph[n nhanh metan thu &'$ hh : gm axetilen, hi14o
v mt phkn metan $h'a ph6n 7ng. t* kh+i $8a : ,o v"i hi14o .Kng b. hiVu ,uAt |u% t45nh $huy>n h)a metan
thnh axetilen l9
:. 30i 3. N0i C. 60= =. H0i
HD: dT $h^n l'ng $hAt9 $hon 1 mol hh ,au ph6n 7ng. .6o ton kh+i l'ng ,uy 4a ,+ mol metanB0,D2b. &[y
l .i to%n nhiVt ph[nI $) th> l $4a$kingJ txng th> t$h. dh- th59
+, m(l -- +au . +, m(l an/an 0an 12u$ +, m(l an/an 13 t-am 4ia 5-6n 7n4.
,uy 4a ,+ mol metan &? p7B1c0,D2bB0,3Nb. t0 &), ta $) &'$ HB0,3Nbm0,D2bBD0i.
Cu <5: : l mt $hAt hu $L m khi &+t $h%y 0,1 mol : $kn 0,e mol F
2
. G6n phwm $h%y $h* gm <F
2
v
H
2
F. HAp th/ ,6n phwm $h%y vo .5nh n'"$ vYi t4ong 1', thAy kh+i l'ng .5nh txng 3N,2 gam, t4ong .5nh tCo
4a D0 gam k-t t8a. G+ &ng ph[n $i,, t4an, mC$h hX $) th> $) $8a : l9
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
:. H 3. D C. $ =. 10
HD: 1 kiVn &8 &> ta .i-t &'$ : l <
D
H
12
. $) tAt $6 ; &ng ph[n $i,c t4an,.
Cu <6: gi6 ,R gang $]ng nh' th_p $h* l hp kim $8a ,\t v"i $a$.on v ,\t ph- liVu $h* gm ,\t, $a$.on v
e
2
F
3
. $oi ph6n 7ng x6y 4a t4ong lr luyVn th_p Ea4tanh l9 e
2
F
3
Q 3< 2e Q 3<F. oh+i l'ng ,\t ph- liVu
I$h7a H0i e
2
F
3
, 1i<J $kn 1yng &> khi luyVn v"i H tAn gang bi< t4ong lr luyVn th_p Ea4tanh, nhKm thu
&'$ loCi th_p 1i< l9
:. 1,b tAn 3. 2,e3 tAn <. 2,1b tAn D.1,82 t8n
HD: g^i m tAn l kh+i l'ng ,\t ph- liVu $kn &em luyVn. W5 ,au ph6n 7ng l th_p nUn e2F3 h-t, < 1'. NUn
1 kiVn ,S tnh theo e
2
F
3
9 0,HmO m<B I0,2 Q0,01mJ tAn. v kh+i l'ng $hAt 4\n ,au ph6n 7ng l I HQ m
0,Hma3a2;m1D0J B I HQ 0,NemJ tAn. m< ph6n 7ngB 0,H3a3a12m1D0B 0,0e tAn. Guy 4a < 1' B I 0,2 0,0;mJ
tAn. dheo yUu $ku .i to%n ta thi-t l@p &'$ ph'Lng t45nh9 0,01IH Q0,NemJB I0,2 0,0;mJ. W@y gi6i 4a &'$
mB1,;2 tAn.
Cu <#: C-( t9 :un4 :;<- HCl 35% v( 56,76 ml :un4 :;<- *H
3
16%& <= D$0,!36 4#ml' > 20
0
C, <-(
1?n /-i t@un4 -Aa v9a 1B, t-u 1CD< :: A. lm lEn- :: A vF 0
0
C t-G t-u 1CD< :: B <= nHn4 1I 22,!% v
<= m 4am mu,i /?t tBa&/?t tin-'. J@; +, <Ba m l:
A. 2,515 B. 2,!27 C. 3,014 D.3,428
HD: ,+ mol $8a NH
3
B0,bO kh+i l'ng $8a H<lB0,ba3D,b90,3bBb2,1H gamO kh+i l'ng 1ung 12$h NH
3
Bb3,13
gam. oh+i l'ng mu+i NH
H
<l B 0,bab3,bB2D,Nb gam. M^i m l kh+i l'ng mu+i k-t tinh. da thi-t l@p &'$ pt9
0,22eBI2D,NbcmJ9I b2,1HQb3,13cmJ. o_o theo mB3,H2; gam.
Cu <#: t0 3 nguyUn liVu &ku l eten v .en}enI x#$ t%$ v &ilu kiVn p7 $) &8J, &> &ilu $h- &'$ 3 polime
gm poli,ti4en, poli.uta&ien v poliI.uta&ienc,ti4enJ, $kn thT$ hiVn ,+ l'ng ph6n 7ng h)a h^$ t nhAt l9
:. b 3. D C. # =. ;
HD: &+i v"i sG $kn thT$ hiVn9 th- 34
2
vo .en}enIxt .t ,\tJ O ti-p t/$ th- .e}yl vo etenO 4i t4yng hp.
v+i v"i poli.uta&ien9 hp n'"$ eten tCo etanolO v"i x#$ t%$ :l
2
F
3
, Hb0
0
< thu &'$ &ivinylO 4i t4yng hp.
vng t4yng hp 2 $hAt t4Un ta thu &'$ poliI.uta&ienc,ti4enJ. H-t N ph6n 7ng.
Cu <$: hn hp kh : gm 0,2 mol axetilenO 0,3 mol etilenO 0,3 mol metan v 0,N mol hi14o. Nung n)ng hh
:, $) Ni lm x#$ t%$, thu &'$ 2; lt hh kh 3I&kt$J. HiVu ,uAt H
2
&? $ng vo $%$ hi14o$a$.on khYng no l9
A. 35,71% 3. H0,2bi <. ;0,bDi =. 100i
HD: tnh &'$ ,+ mol :B1,b molO ,+ mol 3B1,2b mol. v gi6m ,+ mol $hnh l l'ng H
2
&? tham gia ph6n
7ng. B1,bc1,2bB0,2b mol. dh- th5 HB0,2bm0,NB3b,N1i
Cu <&: v+t $h%y hon ton hh : gm 1 anken v 1 ankan thu &'$ a mol <F
2
v . mol H
2
F. M^i k l t* ,+
$8a .ma. Mi% t4i $8a k $hCy t4ong kho6ng9
:. 1{k{2,b 3.2{k{3 <. 2{k{2,b D.1K/K2
HD: ,T $hUnh lV$h vl ,+ mol ,6n phwm khi &+t hh : l 1o ankan tCo 4a. da $) th> xem hh : $h* $) ankan, khi
&+t $h%y t* ,+ kB.maBn.H
2
Fmn.<F
2
B InQ1Jmn. X_t hm ,+ kInJB InQ1Jmn t4Un miln jB 1OQvY $yng.
=o kInJ{0 nUn hm ,+ &ang x_t ngh2$h .i-n t4Un j. da $)9
maxkInJBkI1JB2 O minkInJBlimkInJnvY $yng B1 . k-t lu@n &'$ 4Kng 1{k{2.
Cu 30: Fxi h)a m gam mt hh X gm H<HF v <H
3
<HF .Kng oxi X &ilu kiVn th$h hp thu &'$ hh kh (
$h* gm $%$ axit hu $L. d* kh+i $8a ( ,o v"i X .Kng a. kho6ng .i-n thiUn $8a a l9
:.1,He{a{1,N2 3. 1,b{a{1,Nb C.1,36KaK1,54 =. 1,1H{a{1,3;
HD: JL <-Mn lCDn4 <-8t: <-Mn 1 m(l -- N. H<HF H<FFH9 xmolO <H
3
<HF <H
3
<FFH9 1cx mol
da $)9 aBID0c1HxJmIHHc1HxJB1Q1DmIHHc1HxJ. d'Lng tT nh' .i t4Un, ta t5m &'$ 1,3D{a{1,bH.
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"

Cu 31: hh X gm hi14o, p4open, p4opanal, an$ol anlyli$. v+t 1 mol hh X thu &'$ H0,32 lt <F
2
I&kt$JO. vun
X v"i .t Ni mt th!i gian thu &'$ hh ( $) t* kh+i $8a ( ,o v"i X l 1,2b. n-u lAy 0,1 mol hh ( th5 t%$ 1/ng
v0 &8 v"i W lt 11 34
2
0,2 E. gi% t42 $8a W l9
:. 0,1 lt B. 0,25 lOt <.0,3 lt =. 0,2 lt
HD: d4'"$ h-t ta tnh &'$ ,+ mol $%$ $hAt khYng no <
3
H
D
v <
3
H
D
F .Kng 0,DO ,uy 4a ,+ mol H
2
B0,H.I,uy 4a
t* lV mol l 293J ta $) n.Xm n(BE
(
mE
X
B1,2b. 1o &) $h^n ,+ mol $8a XB1,2bI v"i 0,b mol H
2
v 0,Nb mol $%$
$hAt khYng no <
3
H
D
v <
3
H
D
FJO ,+ mol $8a (B 1.
G+ mol ( c ,+ mol XB,+ mol H
2
&? p7B1,2bc1B0,2b . thnh 4a ( $h7a 0,2b mol H
2
1'O 0,2b mol $%$ hp $hAt
noO v 0,b mol $%$ $hAt khYng no <
3
H
D
v <
3
H
D
F 1'. X_t 0,1 mol hh (, ta ,uy 4a $) 0,0b mol $%$ $hAt khYng
no <
3
H
D
v <
3
H
D
F t%$ 1/ng v"i n'"$ 34
2
.IB,+ mol 34
2
J. Guy 4a WB0,0bm0,2B0,2b.
Cu 3<: mt .5nh $h7a hh X gm 2 anken :, 3 k- ti-p nhau t4ong 1?y &ng &ng$) t* kh+i hLi ,o v"i H
2
.Kng
1D,D2b. $ho vo .5nh 1 t Ni v nung n)ng $ho &-n khi ph6n 7ng x6y 4a hon ton ,au &) &'$ vl nhiVt & .an
&ku th5 thAy %p ,uAt t4ong .5nh .Kng Nme ,o v"i %p ,uAt .an &ku v &'$ hh g. .i-t 4Kng kh6 nxng t%$ 1/ng $8a
mi anken v"i H
2
l nh' nhau. <dsd $8a :O 3 v i anken &? p7 l9
:. <
2
H
H
v <
H
H
;
O Nbi 3. <
3
H
D
v <
H
H
;
O D0i
C. C
2
H
4
v C
3
H
6
28,57% =. <
2
H
H
v <
3
H
D
O 3b,;1i
HD: 1` thAy 2 anken &) l9 <
2
H
H
v <
3
H
D
. t* lV 191 vl ,+ mol. da $) th> vi-t $hung $Yng th7$ $8a 2 anken &)
l

<
n
H
2n
. tT $h^n l'ng $hAt9 ,+ mol H
2
v <
n
H
2n
l#$ &ku l e mol, ,au khi nung n)ng l N mol. v gim ,+
molB2 molB ,+ mol H
2
&? p7. th- th5 ,+ mol akenB 0,2 luYn. Guy 4a ,+ mol mi anken l 1 mol. Eft kh%$ ,+
mol $8a anken BN mol, khi p7 hon ton v"i H
2
th5 $rn lCi Nc2Bb mol. W ankan tCo 4aB2mol
dhha m?n N mol hh ,au p7. th- th5 ,+ mol .an &ku $8a mi anken l Nm2B3,b mol. Guy 4a i anken &? tham gia
ph6n 7ng l9 1m3,bB 2;,bN i.
Cu 33: hh : gm 1 anken v H
2
$) $yng ,+ mol. =qn |ua Ni nung n)ng mt th!i gian thu &'$ hh 3. d*
kh+i $8a 3 ,o v"i : .Kng 1,D. HiVu ,uAt $8a p7 hi14o h)a t4Un l9
:. 2bi 3. H0i <. D0i D. 75%
HD: $h^n 2 mol hh :. ,uy 4a &'$ ,+ mol 3B1,2b. ,uy 4a ,+ mol H
2
&? tham gia ph6n 7ng B0,Nb.
dh- nUn HBNbi, 1o mi $hAt l 1 mol.
Cu 34: hh X gm mt an&ehit v 1 ankin $) $yng ,+ nguyUn tR $a$.on. v+t $h%y hon ton a mol hh X thu
&'$ 3a mol <F
2
v 1,; mol H
2
F. hh X $) ,+ mol 0,1 t%$ 1/ng &'$ v"i t+i &a 0,1H mol :gNF
3
t4ong NH
3
.
,+ mol $8a an&ehit t4ong 0,1 nol hh X l9
:. 0,03 3. 0,0H C. 0,02 =. 0,01
HD: ,+ <
t.
B3, ,+ H
t.
B3,D. dhnh 4a hh X $h7a ankin l <
3
H
H
v an&ehit l <
3
H
2
FI $) 1 n+i 3 &Au mC$h v
$h7$ <HFJ. M^i ,+ mol $8a 2 $hAt t4Un lkn l't l xO y. da $) hV9 xQyB0,1 O xQ3yB0,1H. Guy 4a xB0,0; v
yB0,02. v@y an&ehit $) 0,02 mol t4ong 0,1 mol hh X.
Cu 35: khi $4a$king W lit .utan thu &'$ hh : $h* gm $%$ ankan v anken.t* kh+i hLi $8a hh : ,o v"i
khYng kh .Kng 1,b. hiVu ,uAt $8a ph6n 7ng $4a$king .utan l .ao nhiUu
A. 33,33% 3. b0,33i <.HD,DNi =. DD,DNi
HD: $h^n 1 mol hh ,au p7. .6o ton kh+i l'ng $ho ta m
.utan
BH3,b. t5m &'$ ,+ mol .utan B0,Nb.
G+ mol hh ,auc ,+ mol .utan .an &kuB,+ mol .utan tham gia p7B1c0,NbB0,2b.
Guy 4a HB0,2bm0,NbB33,33i.
Cu 36: hh X $) 2 hi14o$a$.on &ng &ng liUn ti-p, $) t* kh+i hLi ,o v"i H
2
B1b,;. lAy D,32 gam X li vo 200
gam 11 $h7a x#$ t%$ th$h hp th5 thu &'$ 11 g v thAy tho%t 4a 2,D;; lt kh khY ( X &kt$ $) t* kh+i hLi ,o
v"i H
2
B1D,b. .i-t 4Kng 1ung 12$h g $h7a an&ehit v"i nng & <i. gi% t42 $8a <i l9
A. 1,305% 3. 1,H0Ni <. 1,0H3i =. 1,20;i
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
HD: 1` thAy 11 g gm <
2
H
2
v <
3
H
H
. $6 2 &lu hp n'"$ v"i x#$ t%$ HgGF
H
, ;0
0
<. tuy nhiUn $h* $) axetilen
$ho an&ehit, $rn p4opin $]ng nh' $%$ ankin kh%$ $ho 4a xeton. da ,S tnh &'$ phkn 2 $hAt ny X lCi t4ong
1ung 12$h l9 mBD,32 0,12a33B 2,3D gam O nB D,32m31,D 0,12B 0,0; mol.
M^i ,+ mol $8a <
2
H
2
v <
3
H
H
lkn l't l x v y. gi6i hV pt t4Un nh@n &'$ xB0,0DO yB0,02. t0 &) $ho ta kh+i
l'ng $8a <H
3
<HF l 0,0DaHHB2,DH gam O m
11
B200Q2,3D. Guy 4a <B2,DHmI200Q2,3DJB0,0130b.
Cu 3#: X l mt hexapeptit $Au tCo t0 mt amino axit thukn t#y ( I $h* $) 1 nh)m amin v mt nh)m
$a$.oxylJ. ( $) tnng i kh+i l'ng $8a oxi v nito l D1,33i. dh8y ph[n h-t m gam X t4ong mYi t4'!ng axit
thu &'$ 30,3 gam pentapeptit, 1e,; gam &ipeptit, v 3N,b gam ( $rn 1'. Mi% t42 $8a m l
HD: <
n
H
2nQ1
F
2
N. ,uy 4a HDmIHNQ1HnJB0,D133 B nB2. W@y ( l gly$o$olI glyxinJ.
dhi-t l@p $Yng th7$ peptit ta &'$ hexepeptit <
12
H
20
N
D
F
N
O pentapeptit <
10
H
1N
N
b
F
D
B0,1 molO &ipeptit
<
H
H
;
N
2
F
3
B 0,1b molO v (B 0,b mol. 36o ton nguyUn t+ Nito B ,+ mol >? 20%5@0%15A<@0%5;B6. CDE m?
c7- /FA hGHG(G(+-+ C
1<
H
<0
N
6
O
#
? #$ gIm.
"J+ )K 56- +D( +L MuEN.:
Cu 3$: $ho x mol ,\t tan h-t t4ong 11 $h7a y mol HNF
3
I t* lV x9yB1D9D1J, ta thu &'$ mt ,6n phwm khR (
1uy nhAt v 1ung 12$h g $h* $h7a mu+i ,\t. G+ mol mol ele$t4on ma x mol ,\t &? nh'!ng 4a khi tham gia ph6n
7ng l9
A. 1,75P m(l 3. y mol <. 2x mol =. 3x mol
Cu 3&: hh kh : gm 3 kh9 NFO H
2
v mt kh X $) kh+i l'ng 0,NN2 gam v th> t$h 0,eD32 lt I&kt$J. d4n
0,H;1D lt : v"i 1 lt F
2
thAy th> t$h kh $rn lCi l 1,3DeD lt. d5m kh X, .i-t t4ong : $) 2 kh m i th> t$h
.Kng nhau9
:. N
2
B. *
2
" <. GF
2
=. NF
2
Cu 40: hra tan hon ton mt l'ng hh X gm e
3
F
H
v eG
2
t4ong D3 gam HNF
3
, thu &'$ 0,0N mol NF
2
.
=1 thu &'$ $ho t%$ 1/ng v0a &8 v"i 200ml 11 NaFH 2E, l^$ k-t t8a v nung &-n kh+i l'ng khYng &ni thu
&'$ e,ND gam $hAt 4\n. nng & i $8a 1ung 12$h HNF
3
l9
:. HN,2i B. 46,2% <. HD,Di =. HH,2i
Cu 41: $ho m gam ,\t vo 1ung 12$h $h7a &ng th!i 11 H
2
GF
H
v HNF
3
thu &'$ 1ung 12$h X v 0,2 mol
NFI 1uy nhAtJO. dhUm ti-p H
2
GF
H
vo X th5 lCi thu &'$ 0,0; mol NF na v 1ung 12$h (.. =ung 12$h ( hra
tan v0a h-t ;,32 gam <u v khYng $) kh .ay 4a. oh+i l'ng $8a ,\t &? $ho vo l9 Q): 16,24 4am
JR*S HTU CVW HXY Z[ JHW\]J HA\ ^_ `Ha. &By 20#0!#2012'
Cu 1. <ho $%$ ph6n 7ng ,au9
IaJ <uF Q H<l I&f$J
I.J o2<42FN Q H<l I&f$J
I$J <u Q NaNF3 Q H<l
I1J gn Q H2GFH Ilo?ngJ
IeJ Eg Q HNF3Ilo?ngJ
IgJ <a<F3 Q HNF3 I&f$J
IhJ e<F3 Q H2GFH Ilo?ngJ
IiJ eGFH Q oEnFH Q H2GFH Ilo?ngJ
G+ ph6n 7ng m ion HQ $8a axit &)ng vai t4r $hAt oxi h)a l
A. 1. 3. 3. <. 2. =. H.
Cu 2. <ho $%$ ph%t .i>u ,au9
&a' Dun4 :;<- nat@i i+(5@(5ylat t@(n4 nCb< <= t-c lm duG tOm -=a Pan-.
&0' Dun4 :;<- aPit aPeti< <= t-c -Aa tan 1CD< Cu" tE( t-n- :un4 :;<- <= mu Pan-.
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
I$J Fxi h)a an$ol .@$ mt .Kng <uF ItoJ thu &'$ xeton.
I1J Naphtalen tham gia ph6n 7ng th- .4om kh) hLn ,o v"i .en}en.
IeJ sh6n 7ng t%$h H2F t0 an$ol etyli$ 1yng &> &ilu $h- etilen t4ong $Yng nghiVp.
&4' Beneen <= t-c t-am 4ia 5-6n 7n4 t-? v 5-6n 7n4 <In4 <l(.
G+ ph%t .i>u &#ng l
A. 3. 3. H. <. 2. =. b.
Zifn /?t <In4 -(g t@; l lifn /?t 1CD< tE( nfn 4iha -ai n4uyfn ti 0jn4 mIt -ay n-iFu <k5 ele<t@(n :ln4
<-un4
Cu 3:dhT$ hiVn $%$ th nghiVm ,au9
&a' C-( :un4 :;<- meCl2 tg< :nn4 vbi :un4 :;<- A4*"3 :C.
&0' C-( Cl2 tg< :nn4 vbi t(luen t@(n4 1iFu /ion <-i?u +gn4 &/-pn4 <= Pq< tg<'.
&<' )n< /-O HY v( :un4 :;<- meCl3.
I1J <ho e3FH t%$ 1/ng v"i 1ung 12$h H<l.
&e' )n< /-O aPetilen v( :un4 :;<- 0@(m t@(n4 :un4 mpi CCl4.
G+ th nghiVm x6y 4a ph6n 7ng oxi h)a c khR l
:. 3. B. 4. <. 2. = .b.
Cu 4:Hp $hAt d &'$ tCo .Xi H nguyUn tR $8a 2 nguyUn t+ phi kim t v X I,+ hiVu nguyUn tR $8a t nhh
hLn ,+ hiVu nguyUn tR $8a XJ. dnng ,+ hCt mang &iVn t4ong mt ph[n tR d l 20. sh%t .i>u ,ai l9 Mi6i9 d l
NH3
IN)i N $) h)a t42 W thT$ 4a khYng &#ng, v5 N $) $Au h5nh e l 1,2 2,2 2p3, $) 3e &$ th[n nUn $h* $) h)a t42
jjj thYi. N-u tnh thUm o $ho nh@n nh' N2Fb th5 l jW.
<rn s th5 kh%$. s $]ng $) h)a t42 jjj nh' N IW= sH3J nh'ng 1o s $) ph[n l"p 31 t4+ng nUn khi .2 k$h th$h,
ele$t4on 3, $8a s ,S nh6y ,ang tCo thnh be &$ th[n, nUn s $) h)a t42 W IW= s<lbJJ
:. Hp $hAt d $) th> tCo &'$ liUn k-t hi&4o v"i n'"$.
3. d4ong $%$ hp $hAt v"i $%$ nguyUn t+ kh%$, t $) th> $) ,+ oxi h)a .Kng c1.
C. r t@En4 t-gi /O<- t-O<-, n4uyfn ti n4uyfn t, N <= 5 ele<t@(n 1I< t-n.
=. d4ong ph[n tR d, nguyUn t+ X X t4Cng th%i lai h)a ,p3.I3 n+i &LnJ
Cu 5:. <ho 1?y $%$ $hAt9 .en}yl axetat, vinyl axetat,metyl s(mat, anlyl <l(@ua, phenyl omat, i+(5@(5yl
<l(@ua, t@i(lein. G+ $hAt t4ong 1?y khi th8y ph[n t4ong 1ung 12$h NaFH I1'J, &un n)ng ,inh 4a an$ol l
A. 4. 3.D. <. b. =. 3.

Cu 6:. <ho $%$ ph%t .i>u ,au9
&a' C= t-c :ln4 nCb< 0@(m 1c 5-n 0iot +a<<a@(et v mant(et.
&0' C= t-c 5-n 0iot +a<<a@(et v mant(et 0jn4 5-6n 7n4 vbi :un4 :;<- A4*"3 t@(n4 *H3.
&<' J@(n4 :un4 :;<-, +a<<a@(et v mant(et 1Fu -Aa tan Cu&"H'2 > n-iot 1I t-Cun4 <-( :un4 :;<- mu
Pan- lam.
&:' J@(n4 :un4 :;<-, +a<<a@(et tHn tEi <-B y?u > :En4 mE<- ->.
IeJ d4ong mYi t4'!ng .a}L, ,a$$a4o}L v manto}L $) th> $huy>n h)a lqn nhau.
IgJ d4ong ph[n tR ,a$$a4o}L $) nh)m cFH hemiaxetal.
G+ ph%t .i>u &#ng l
:. b. B. 4. <. 3. =. 2.
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
Cu 7. di-n hnh $%$ th nghiVm ,au9
&a' C-( :un4 :;<- Ba&"H'2 v( :un4 :;<- *aHC"3.
&0' C-( :un4 :;<- Al2&)"4'3 tbi :C v( :un4 :;<- *aAl"2 &-(k< :un4 :;<- *avAl&"H'4w.
&<' )n< /-O CH3*H2 tbi :C v( :un4 :;<- meCl3.
&:' )n< /-O 5@(5ilen v( :un4 :;<- `%n"4.
&e' )n< /-O C"2 v( :un4 :;<- *a2)i"3.
&4' )n< /-O H2) v( :un4 :;<- )"2.
IhJ G/$ kh NH3 t"i 1' vo 1ung 12$h :gNF3.
Gau khi $%$ ph6n 7ng k-t th#$, $) .ao nhiUu th nghiVm thu &'$ k-t t8a
A. 6 3. 3 <. b =. H
Cu 8 <ho 1?y $%$ $hAt9 <4IFHJ3, <4F3, gnF, <aIH<F3J2, :lIFHJ3, C@", <F2, NF2, s2Fb, N2Fb, s<lb,
:lH<3. G+ $hAt t%$ 1/ng &'$ v"i 1ung 12$h NaFH lo?ng, ngui l
:. 10. B. 11. <. e. =. 12.
Cu !. d4ong $%$ th nghiVm ,au9
&a' C-( /-O "3 tg< :nn4 vbi :un4 :;<- `Y.
&0' *-iot 5-n am(ni nit@it.
&<' C-( *aCl" tg< :nn4 vbi :un4 :;<- HCl 1k<.
&:' C-( /-O H2) tg< :nn4 vbi :un4 :;<- meCl3.
&e' C-( /-O *H3 tg< :nn4 vbi /-O Cl2.
&4' C-( :un4 :;<- H2"2 tg< :nn4 vbi :un4 :;<- <-7a `%n"4 v H2)"4 &l(3n4'.
&-' )n< /-O "2 v( :un4 :;<- HB@.&aPit HY, HB@ <= tOn- /-i 1c lu n4y t@(n4 // 0; -=a nu :( 0; "2
(Pi -=a, tE( 1tn <-8t B@2'
&i' C-( *aY tg< :nn4 vbi :un4 :;<- aPit H2)"4 1k<, n=n4.
IkJ <ho GiF2 t%$ 1/ng v"i Na2<F3 n)ng $h6y.
G+ th nghiVm tCo 4a &Ln $hAt l
:. b B. 8 <. N =. D
Cu 10:sh%t .i>u khYng &#ng l9
:. W@t liVu $ompo}it, v@t liVu nano, v@t liVu |uang &iVn tR l nhng v@t liVu m"i $) nhilu tnh nxng &f$ .iVt.
3. <%$ kh GF2, NF2 g[y m'a axit, kh <F2 g[y hiVu 7ng nh knh $rn hp $hAt << g[y th8ng tkng o}on.
C. <%$ $hAt9 senixilin, amphetamin, e4yth4omixin thu$ loCi thu+$ kh%ng ,inh, $rn9 Ge1uxen, moo$phin,
am5iPilin thu$ loCi $hAt g[y nghiVn.
=. WiV$ ,R 1/ng $%$ $hAt9 omon, u4e, hn the, ph[n &Cm t4ong .6o |u6n v $h- .i-n thT$ phwm l vi phCm vV
,inh an ton thT$ phwm.
Cu 11: . sh%t .i>u no ,au &[y l ,ai
:. dnh axit $8a H y-u hLn tnh axit $8a Hj.
3. NhiVt & ,Yi $8a hi&4o lo4ua $ao hLn nhiVt & ,Yi $8a hi&4o $lo4ua.
C. JOn- /-i <Ba HCl mEn- -tn tOn- /-i <Ba HB@.
=. 3%n knh $8a ion c nhh hLn .%n knh $8a ion <lc
Cu 1<: &+t $h%y hon ton 1; gam mt e,te X &Ln $h7$ thu &'$ 20,1D lt <F
2
I&kt$J v 12,eD gam n'"$.
mft kh%$ n-u $ho 21 gam X t%$ 1/ng v"i 200 ml 11 oFH 1,2E ,au &) $Y $Cn 11 thu &'$ 3H,HH gam $hAt 4\n
khan. <Yng th7$ ph[n tR $8a axit tCo 4a X l9
:.<
b
H
D
F
3
3. <
b
H
;
F
3
C. C
5
H
10
"
3
=. <
b
H
10
F
2
v[y l e,te vrng
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
Cu 13: <ho $%$ $hAt9 i,o.utan, i+(0utilen, i+(5@en, vinyl aPetilen, 1ivinyl, metylPi<l(5@(5an, toluen,
naphtalen, xi$lohexan, Pi<l(-ePen. d4ong ,+ $%$ $hAt t4Un, ,+ $hAt ph6n 7ng &'$ v"i n'"$ .4om l
:. N. B. 6. <. H. =. b.
Cu 14: C-( <g< <-8t +au: C2H2 Ux"UY* CH2$CHCH3 C2H3CH2CH2CH3 C2H4Cl2 C4H10
CH3CH" C2H5"H CH3C""*a C6H5CH2CH3. C= 0a( n-ieu <-8t t@(n4 +, <g< <-8t
t@fn 0jn4 1 5-6n 7n4 :uy n-8t 1iFu <-? 1CD< aPit aPeti<:
A. 6 B. 7 C. 8 D. !
Cu 15:N-u &iVn ph[n $%$ 1ung 12$h mu+i Na $8a $%$ ion <l
c
,34
c
,j
c
$yng nng & mol th5 hhi X $yng mt
th!i gian no &) 11 no $) pH $ao nhAt
:. <l
c
3. 34
c
<. 34
c
v j
c
=. j
c
Cu 16: <) $%$ ph%t .i>u ,au9
1. <F k_m .ln v5 nhiVt, 4At &$.
2. J@(n4 <pn4 n4-io5 +6n Pu8t Y(t t9 @(n4 0icn.
3. &ilu $h- lo t4ong $Yng nghiVp .Kng $%$h &iVn ph[n hnn hp gm o v Na X &ilu kiVn th$h hp
H. than x'Lng 1yng &> lm $hAt &n $ao ,u, ,6n xuAt mT$ in giAy v xi &%nh giy.
b. < $) 2 1Cng thy h5nh l kim $'Lng v than $h5.
6. )i <= 2 t-l -Gn- l tin- t-c v vp 1;n- -Gn-
N. GiF
2
$) ph6n 7ng v"i Eg<F
3
X nhiVt & $ao.
;. &ilu $h- than g .Kng $%$h &+t $h%y g t4ong oxi 1'.
e. thnh phkn $hnh $8a &At ,_t l .xng thC$hI$4iolitJcNa
3
:l
D
10. &ilu $h- than than $h5 t0 than m, &ilu $h- than mui .Kng $%$h nhiVt ph[n metan $) x#$ t%$
G+ $%$ ph%t .i>u /-pn4 &#ng l9
:. b 3. D C. 8 =.N
Cu 17: <) $%$ ph%t .i>u ,au9
11. 4lu<(e( <= 2 l(Ei tin- t-c /?t tin- <= n-iot 1I n=n4 <-6y /-g< n-au. *-=m "H -emiaPetal > v;
t@O C
1
/-i <-uycn t-n- n-=m "CH
3
t-G :En4 vAn4 /-pn4 <-uycn +an4 :En4 mE<- -> 1CD< nha.
12. t@(n4 mgu n4Cui <= nHn4 1I yn 1;n- <Ba 4lu<(e( l 0,1%, nCb< :;<- 4lu<(e( :ln4 <-( 0on-
n-n <= nHn4 1I 5%. J@(n4 y -M< 4lu<(e( :ln4 lm <-8t <-uycn -=a.
13. t@(n4 y -M< zn" :ln4 lm t-u,< 4i6m 1au :y t-2n /in- <-ha 0on- n47a, <-m, e<eema
1H. t4ong y h^$ t4n $%$ kh N
2
F v"i F
2
t* lV th> t$h 19H &> 1yng lm thu+$ g[y mU $ho $%$ $a mn nhh
1b. photgen &'$ 1yng lm thu+$ gi6m &au.
1D. -i:@(duin(n v <ate<-(l l -ai 1Hn4 5-n <= <ln4 <pn4 t-7< 5-V* ti C
6
H
4
&"H'
2
17. J@(n4 :un4 :;<- 4lu<(e( tHn tEi <-B y?u > :En4 mE<- vAn4 6 <En-&an5-a -(k< 0eta'
18. J@(n4 :un4 :;<- s@u<t(e( tHn tEi <-B y?u > :En4 vAn4 5, 6 <En-&0eta'
1!. -{n -D5 te<mit 0a( 4Hm Al v (Pit +|t, :ln4 lm 5-Ctn4 tion 1c -n n,i t@(n4 <t /-O.
20. 1,t <-gy :8u 1ieeen +} <= /-O 1I< 0ay @a n-C )"
2
, H
2
), C"
2
~
G+ ph%t .i>u &#ng l9
:. N 3. H <. b D.8
Cu 11: $) $%$ ph%t .i>u ,au9
1. ph'Lng ph%p &ilu $h- Fxi t4ong phrng th nghiVm l &iVn ph[n n'"$ v $h'ng $At ph[n &oCn khYng
kh lhng.
2. amophot l ph[n .)n hn hp, nit4ophotka l ph[n .)n ph7$ hp.
3. anilin X &ilu kiVn th'!ng l $hAt lhng mu t4\ng, khi .2 oxi h)a h)a &en.
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
H. $a$.on $h%y $6 t4ong oxi v o}on, s.G mu &en $huy>n mu t4\ng khi t%$ 1/ng v"i o}on X &ilu kiVn
th'!ng.
b. o}on l $hAt twy t4\ng t4ong $Yng nghiVp, oxi l nguyUn t+ phn .i-n nhAt t4ong vh t4%i &At.
D. lo 1` 1ng thay th- oxi t4ong n'"$ ngay X &ilu kiVn th'!ng.
N. X &ilu kiVn th'!ng, oman1ehit l $hAt kh, tan t4ong n'"$ tCo 1ung 12$h k_m .ln.
;. t4Cng th%i k$h th$h $%$ ph[n tR o}on $) th> va $hCm mCnh v g[y nn l"n.
e. lo $) & [m &iVn l"n nhAt t4ong tAt $6 $%$ nguyUn t+ nUn lo 1` 1ng ph6n 7ng v"i Gi, <4 X nhiVt &
th'!ng.
10. t4ong mu+i xn luYn $) mt hm l'ng nhh ojF
3
11. axeton ph6n 7ng v"i axit H<N tCo ,6n phwm khYng .ln l xianoh&4in
G+ ph%t .i>u khYng &#ng l9
:. H 3. b <. D =. N
Cu 12: $) $%$ ph%t .ilu ,au9
1. photpho t4\ng, tinh th> iot, n'"$ &% $) $Au t4#$ mCng tinh th> nguyUn tR.
2. photgen $) $Yng th7$ l sF<l3, photpho4yl $lo4ua $) $Yng th7$ <F<l2
3. ph[n .)n &Cm amoni nUn .)n vo &At t $hua, hof$ &'$ khR t4'"$ .Kng <aF.
H. ph[n &Cm nit4at <aINF3J2 $) t%$ 1/ng k$h th$h $[y t4ng 4a nhilu l%, nhilu hoa, th$h hp v"i &At
$hua.
b. ph[n l[n $kn thi-t $ho $[y t4Yng X th!i k ,inh t4'Xng 1o th#$ &wy |u% t45nh ,inh h)a, t4ao &ni $hAt v
nxng l'ng X thT$ v@t.
D. v 1inh 1'ng $8a ph[n oali &'$ &%nh gi% .Kng hm l'ng o2F, ph[n kali gi#p $[y hAp th/ &Cm t+t
hLn $kn thi-t $ho viV$ tCo $hAt &'!ng, $hAt .t, $hAt xL, $hAt 1ku, txng $'!ng ,7$ $h+ng .Vnh, $h+ng
4_t, $h2u hCn $8a $[y.
N. d4ong $Yng nghV m phwm, hi14o|uinon &'$ 1yng 1 l'ng nhh &> lm kem 1'ng 1a.
;. phenol l axit y-u nhAt, H<lF
H
l mt t4ong nhng axit mCnh nhAt t4ong tAt $6 $%$ axit.
e. t4ong $Yng nghiVp, anken &'$ &ilu $h- .Kng ph6n 7ng &ehi&4o h)a ankan
10. t4ong $Yng nghiVp <F2 &'$ 1ilu $h- t0 viV$ &+t $h%y than.
G+ ph%t .i>u &#ng l9
:. N B. 8 <. e =.10
Cu 13: $) $%$ ph%t .i>u ,au9
1. phenol X &ilu kiVn th'!ng l $hAt 4\n khYng tan, $rn g^i l axit pheni$.
2. tet4alin v &e$alin, $lo4oom, axeton 1yng lm 1ung mYi. Naphtalen ,6n xuAt 1'$ phwm t4ong $Yng
nghiVp, &ilu $h- naphtol, anhi14it naphtali$, naphtylamin.
3. axeton 1yng &> ,6n xuAt .i,phenol, $lo4oom v io&oom.
4. > n-iot 1I t-85, 0ut2in tg< :nn4 vbi 0@(m :C tE( +6n 5-m tet@a0@(m.
b. ! nhiVt & $ao, anka1ien 'u tiUn tCo ,6n phwm $ng 1,HO $) mft $hAt x#$ t%$ <l2,342 th5 $) th> $ng
vo 2 liUn k-t <B<.
D. anken, anka1ien, .en}en, t4ong ph[n tR $8a $h#ng $%$ nguyUn tR < v H &lu $yng nKm t4Un $yng 1
mft phng.
N. t4ong ph[n tR ankin, $%$ nguyUn tR < nKm t4Un $yng mt &'!ng thng. d4ong ph[n tR xi$loankan t40
xi$lo p4opan th5 $%$ xi$loankan kh%$ &lu $) < khYng $yng nKm t4Un mt mft phng.
;. anilin ph6n 7ng v"i 1ung 12$h hn hp NaNF2 v oHGFH tCo &Ln $hAt kh t4L.
e. .en}en, ,ti4en, naphtalen l $%$ $hAt lhng khYng mu, nh hLn n'"$ v khYng tan t4ong n'"$.
10. )i"2 l (Pit aPit, : tan t@(n4 /iFm n=n4 <-6y v /-pn4 tan t@(n4 aPit.
G+ ph%t .i>u &#ng l9
:. e 3. D <.10 D.8
<[u 1H9 $) $%$ ph%t .i>u ,au9
1. ukn4 mala<-it <= <pn4 t-7< Cu&"H'2.Cu&C"'3. dukn4 -ematit nu <= <pn4 t-7< me
2
"
3
.nH
2
",
t-n- 5-2n <-On- <Ba 18t +t l <a( lan-: Al
2
"
3
.2)i"
2
.2H
2
".
2. <= 4 <-8t -hu <t mE<- -> <= <pn4 t-7< C
2
H
2
"
n
tg< :nn4 vbi A4*"
3
#*H
3
tE( /?t tBa.
3. t4ong mCng tinh th> kim loCi $h* $) $%$ nguyUn tR kim loCi X $%$ n#t mCng tinh th>.
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
H. <4 khYng t%$ 1/ng v"i 1ung 12$h kilm v HNF
3
lo?ng, <4
2
F
3
1` tan t4ong 1ung 12$h kilm lo?ng
b. $) 3 $Yng th7$ $Au tCo $8a hp $hAt l &ng ph[n $8a doluen tham gia ph6n 7ng v"i :gNF
3
mNH
3
tCo
k-t t8a vng nhCt.
6. 1c 1iFu <-? 0utan t9 etann(l <2n t,i t-icu 2 5-6n 7n4.
N. $lo4ua vYi &'$ 1yng phn .i-n hLn n'"$ aven, HNF
3
&'$ 1yng phn .i-n hLn H
2
GF
H
t4ong lPnh vT$
,6n xuAt v &!i ,+ng.
;. t@(n4 tL n-ifn /-pn4 tHn tEi )i > t@En4 t-gi tL :(, tHn tEi > :En4 -D5 <-8t: )i"
2
,<g< /-(gn4 vt
+ili<at, alumin(+ili<at n-C <a( lan-, mi<a sen+5at, 1g P vn v t-E<- an-.
e. :un4 :;<- -Aa tan /-O -i:@( +unsua v9a <= tOn- /-i, v9a <= tOn- (Pi -=a. H*"
3
l <-8t (Pi -=a
/-i.
10. t-u,< > 12u due :ifm <= <-7a `Cl"
3
1=n4 vai t@A <-8t (Pi -=a.
11. <g< an/an t9 C
2
C
4
l <-8t /-O /-pn4 mli, t9 C
5
C
8
l <-8t ln4 <= mli Pn4, C
10
C
14
<= mli :2u
-a.
G+ ph%t .i>u &#ng l9
A. 7 3. ; <. e =. 11
Cu 15: <ho hp $hAt $) $Yng th7$ ph[n tR <2H2Fn, ,+ $hAt khi ph6n 7ng v"i :gNF3mNH3 tCo k-t t8a l9
gm H $hAt l <2H2O I<HFJ2,O IH<FJ2FO HFF<c<HF
Cu 16: <ho H hp $hAt hu $L $) $Yng th7$ ph[n tR lkn l't l <H2F, <H2F2, <2H2F3, <2HHF2,
<3HDF3. G+ $hAt ma$h ho v0a t%$ 1/ng v"i 1ung 12$h NaFH, v0a $) ph6n 7ng t4%ng g'Lng l
A 6 3 H < b = 3
!i gi6i9 H<FFH, HFF<c<HF, H<FF<H3, H<FF<H2<H2FHI$) 2J, H<FF<H2F<H3.v@y l D
*Y DW*S B% )J Q JHY QY HCJx*S JV%
Cu 17: dnng hV ,+ nguyUn t+i gi6n ,au khi $[n .Kng hai ph'Lng t45nh h)a h^$ ,au lkn l't l9
IaJ9 eGF
H
Q oEnF
H
Q oHGF
H
c e
2
IGF
H
J
3
Q o
2
GF
H
Q EnGF
H
Q H
2
F
I.J9 o
2
GF
3
Q oEnF
H
Q oHGF
H
o
2
GF
H
Q EnGF
H
Q H
2
F
A. 5227 3. bDc2; <. b2c2; =. bDc2D
Cu 18: <ho $%$ $hAt: 0E< aPetilua, metan 1,21i<l(etan <anPi <a<0ua 5@(5an etyl <l(@uaO metanolO
etan(l nhYm $a$.ua. G+ $hAt &ilu $h- etanal .Kng hai ph6n 7ng h)a h^$ l9
:cb 3cD C7 =c;
<[u 1e9 ,+ $Yng th7$ $Au tCo $8a hp $hAt l &ng ph[n $8a doluen m tham gia ph6n 7ng v"i :gNF3mNH3
l9 :. 1 3. b C. 4 =. 2
Cu 1! : <ho $%$ ph6n 7ng9

Na
2
F
2
Q H
2
F
<l
2
Q oFH
e
3
F
H
Q H
2
GF
H
IloangJ
t
o
$
<H
3
c<HB<H
2
Q 34
2
I11J
<H
2
B<H
2
Q H
2
F
<
2
H
b
FH Q H34 I.kJ
<H
3
c<HF Q H
2
t
o
$
H
EgINF
3
J
2
d4ong $%$ ph6n 7ng t4Un $) .ao nhiUu ph6n 7ng l oxhckhR, .ao nhiUu ph6n 7ng oxi h)a khR ni ph[n tR9
A. N H B. D H C. b H D. 6 . 2
Cu 20: $ho $%$ 1ung 12$h ,au9 I1J9 o
2
<4
2
F
N
Q H
2
GF
H
O I2J9 H
2
GF
H
&f$O I3J9 Na
2
GO IHJ9 H<lO IbJ9 o34O IDJ9
eINF
3
J
2
. d4n lkn l't $%$ 1ung 12$h v"i nhau t0ng $fp mt th5 $) .ao nhiUu $fp $) ph6n 7ng x6y 4a, t4ong
&) .ao nhiUu $fp x6y 4a ph6n 7ng oxi h)a khR9
:. 11c; B. 108 <. 11cN =. ;cN
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
Cu 219 ti-n hnh ph6n 7ng nhiVt ph[n hn hp X gm .utan v heptanI t* lV mol 192J th5 thu &'$ hn hp (
$) t* kh+i ,o v"i H
2
l a I gi6 ,R $h* x6y 4a ph6n 7ng $4a$king tCo thnh anken v ankan v"i hiVu ,uAt 100iJ.
o-t Ou@n &#ng l9
A. 12,!$KaK$21,5 3. aB21,b <. 1DB{a{B21,b =. 12,eB{a{B1D
Cu <<: <ho $%$ ph%t .i>u ,au9
&1' Jyn4 -D5 tt (l(n 0jn4 <g<- t@ln4 n4Cn4 a<@il(nit@in.
I2J dnng hp tL nilon D,D .Kng ph6n 7ng t4yng ng'ng gia axit a&ipi$ v hexametylen &iamin.
I3J dnng hp poli Ivinyl an$olJ .Kng ph6n 7ng t4yng hp an$ol vinyli$.
&4' Jyn4 -D5 n-La @ee(l 0jn4 <g<- 1un n=n4 n-La @eeil > 1500C
&5' Ca( +u 0una) 1CD< tyn4 -D5 0jn4 5-6n 7n4 1Hn4 t@ln4 -D5 4iha 0uta1,3:ien vbi vinyl Pianua.
&6' J@(n4 mIt n4uyfn ti, +, /-,i 0jn4 tyn4 +, -Et 5@(t(n v ntt@(n+ai 5-6i l tyn4 /-,i lCDn4
INJ d4ong &iVn ph[n 1ung 12$h Na<l t4Un $atot xwy 4a ,T oxi ho% n'"$.
I;J ohi $ho mt t <a<l2 vo n'"$ $7ng tCm th!i ,S thu &'$ n'"$ $7ng ton phkn.
IeJ dL xenlulo}L axetat thu$ loCi tL h)a h^$
&10' `-i <-( s(man1e-it :C tg< :nn4 vbi 5-en(l, <= 0aet Pq< tg< t-u 1CD< n-La n(v(la<.
I11J d4ong thT$ t- &> loCi .h NH3 tho%t 4a t4ong phrng th nghiVm ta phun kh <l2 vo phrng
&12'D3y <g< <-8t U^C, 5(lii+(5@en, amil(et, Penlul(et.l <g< <-8t /-pn4 5-n n-gn-
&13' *it@(5-(t/a l -{n -D5 4Hm `*"3 v *H4H2U"4.
&14' JOn- <-8t <Ba <-8t -hu <t <- 5-n t-uI< v( <8u tE( -=a -M< m /-pn4 5-n t-uI< v( t-n- 5-2n 5-n ti <Ba
<-8t.
I1bJ d4ong ph[n tR $hAt hu $L, $%$ nguyUn tR liUn k-t v"i nhau theo &#ng h)a t42.
&16' Cg< <-8t C2H4 v C3H6 l -ai <-8t 1Hn4 1n4 vbi n-au.
&17' An<(l etyli< v aPit s(mi< <= /-,i lCDn4 5-n ti 0jn4 n-au nfn l <g< <-8t 1Hn4 5-n vbi n-au.
G+ ph%t .i>u khYng $hnh x%$ l
:.; B.10 <.N =.e
Cu 23: <o .ao nhiUu $h[t $o thU phan 'ng vLi oman&Uhit L &ilu kiVn thi$h hLp t4ong $a$ $h[t ,au H
2
, 0
2
,
34
2
, <
2
H
2
, <
2
H
b
FH, H
2
F, H<N, phenol, u4U, oEn0H, :g
2
F, <uI0HJ
2.
:, ; B. 12 <. e =. 10
ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccdcccEccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc
^* Q Z*: U )WJ CV* B*S HaA HC JC Q UH* *S
Lin quan n bi ton v cht kh, th tch :

Cu 1: Cho cn bng ha h!c: a" # b$ %C # qD , & '()
o
C , *+ ,o- cht D - . ,o-, & '/)
o
C , *+ ,o- cht D
- 0 ,o-1 $it . 2 0 v 3a#b4 2 3%#q4 5 cc cht t6ong cn bng t6n u & th kh1 7t -u8n no *au 0 - 9ng :
"1 ;h<n =ng thu8n t>a nhi?t v t@ng % *ut $1 ;h<n =ng thu8n thu nhi?t v gi, % *ut
C1 ;h<n =ng thu8n thu nhi?t v t@ng % *ut D1 ;h<n =ng thu8n t>a nhi?t v gi<, % *ut
Cu <: Cho %h<n =ng CA # C-
B
CAC-
B
thCc hi?n t6ong bDnh kn Eung tch ' -t & nhi?t F khGng Hi1 7hi cn
bng ICAJ K),)B ,IC-
B
J K ),)' , ICAC-
B
J K ),)B 1$L, th, vo bDnh ),)B ,o- C-
B
1 nMng F ,o-N- cOa CA, C-
B
v
CAC-
B
& t6Png thi cn bng ,Qi -:
"1)1)'R, )1)BR, )1)BS $1)1)'S, )1)BS, )1)BR C1)1)'B, )1)BB, )1)B/ D1)1)'(, )1)B(, )1)B(
Cu 3: 7hi c6acking butan thu TUc hh "gM, R hiE6ocacbon v H
B
c th tch - V)) -t1 DWn hh " vo EE nTQc
$6
B
ET th0 c B)) -t kh thot 6a, cc th tch o TUc & cXng iu ki?n Hi?u *ut c6acking- :
"1 () Y $1 R) Y C1 R( Y D1RR,RZ Y
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
Cu 4: 7hi c6acking butan thu TUc hh kh [ c th tch S),VB -t3ktc4, EWn [ qua bDnh Cng nTQc $6
B
ET thD th0
c 'B/ g $6
B
%h<n =ng1 $it [ ch\ ch=a ank]n, ankan, H
B
ET1 Hi?u *ut c6acking butan - :
" /) Y $1 Z( Y C1 VV,VV Y D1 RR,RZ Y
Cu 5: Cho ^ -t hh kh [ gM, H
B
,C
B
H
B
,C
B
H
S
3t6ong *+ ,o- C
B
H
B
K*+ ,o- C
B
H
S
4 , i qua _i nung nng3'))Y4
thu TUc hh kh ` 3& ktc4, bit E
`NHB
KR,R1 _u cho hh [ qua bDnh Cng $6
B
thD kh+i -TUng bDnh t@ng n - :
"1(,S g $1 B1Z g C1 R1R g D1 S1S g
Cu 6: cho ' thanh "- vo EE ch=a ),)V ,o- HC- v ),)V ,o- aC-
B
1bau %h<n =ng hon ton th0 khMi -TUng thanh
"- t@ng -n ),cR g1 7i, -oPi a -: db:_i
Cu #: di?n %hn B)) ,- EE a3_A
V
4
B
3a - ki, -oPi ha t6e B,V, khGng tc Efng vQi H
B
A 4, vQi Egng i?n ,Ft chiu
hKB" t6ong VB %h9t ') gi0 thD via i?n %hn ht a
B#
, nging i?n %hn v 0n EE ' thji gian thD thu TUc ),B/
g ki, -oPi1 7h+i -TUng EE gi<, -:
"1 ),'R g $1 ),ZB g C1 ),(c g D1 ',SS
Cu $: hh gM, k]b
B
, k]CA
V
vQi *+ ,o- bng nhau vo bDnh kn ch=a A
B
ET, % *ut t6ong bDnh - %
'
at,1 dun
nng bDnh %h<n =ng .<0 6a hon ton 6Mi Ta bDnh v nhi?t F ban lu, % *ut t6ong bDnh - %
B
at,1 t\ *+ %
'
N%
B
bng:
"1 ' $1 'NB C1 B D1 S
Cu &: Cln bao nhiu ga, o-]u, " c Cm: H
B
bA
S
1VbA
V
%ha vo ')) ,- EE HBbA
S
S) Y 3EK',V' gNc,
V
4 tPo
6a o-]u, c h, -TU,g bA
V
- ') Y:
"1SRZ,B $1(cS,V C1S'R,/ D1(ZR,R
Cu 10: Hh [ gM, ,Ft an]hit v ,Ft ankin c cXng *+ ngu0n tn cacbon1 d+t ch0 a ,o- hh [ thu TUc Va ,o-
CA
B
v ',/a ,o- H
B
A1 Hh [ c *+ ,o- ),' tc Efng TUc vQi t+i a ),'S ,o- "g_A
V
t6ong _H
V
1 b+ ,o- an]hit
t6ong ),' ,o- hh [ - :
"1),)V $1),)S C1),)' D1),)B
Cu 11: 7hi c6acking ^ -t butan thu TUc hh " ch\ gM, ankan v ank]n1 E "Nkk K',(1 Hi?u *ut %h<n =ng
c6acking butan - bao nhiu :
"1VV,VV Y $1(),VVY C1SR,RZY D1RR,RZY
Cu 1<: Cho . ,o- k] tan ht t6ong EE ch=a 0 ,o- H_A
V
3.:0 K'R:R'4 ta thu TUc ,Ft *<n %ho, khp Eu0 nht v
EE q ch\ ch=a ,u+i *rt1 b+ ,o- ]-]ct6o , *rt s nhTjng khi tha, gia %h<n =ng - :
",',Z( ,o- $10 ,o- C1B. ,o- D1V. ,o-
Cu 13: di?n %hn B)) ,- EE "g_A
V
),'t v Cu3_A
V
4
B
),Bt vQi i?n cCc t6L, hK(" t6ong thji gian c %h9t '/ gi01
7h+i -TUng EE *au i?n %hn gi<, , g1 mnh ,, bit hi?u *ut - /)Y, b> qua *C b+c hLicXa nTQc:
"1V,cB $1V,)(R C1R,ZR D1V,SS
Cu 14di?n %hn EE k]
B
3bA
S
4
V
't 3i?n %hn cCc t6L4 vQi hKB,R/" t6ong thji gian t gij thD c kh thot 6a &
anot3hi?u *ut '))Y4 ui t6e cOa t - :
"1' $1R C1S D1B
Cu 15: Cho Eung Eech [ ch=a hvn hU% gM, CH
V
CAAH ),'t v CH
V
CAA_a ),'t1 bit & B(
)
C 7
a
cOa CH
V
CAAH
- ',Z(1')
w(
v b> qua *C %hn -i cOa nTQc1 gi t6e %H cOa Eung Eech [ & B(
)
C -
"1 ',)) $1 S,BS C1 B,// D1 S,ZR
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
Cu 16: d+t a ,o- [ - t6i]*t] cOa g-i.]6o- v a.it Ln ch=c, ,Pch h& thu TUc b ,o- CA
B
v c ,o- H
B
A, bit bw c
K(a1 Hi6o ha , g [ cln R,ZB -t H
B
3ktc4 v Vc g [x1 _u un , g [ vQi EE ch=a ),Z ,o- _aAH n %h<n =ng,
*au cG cPn EE *au %h<n =ng thD thu TUc bao nhiu g cht 6rn 2
"1(Z,B g $1(B,R g C1(V,B g D1R',S/ g
Cu 1#: Ch cc ngu0n t+ *au RC5 'Sbi5 'Rb5 '(;1 Ds0 cc ngu0n t+ TUc *r% .% th]o chiu t@ng Eln bn knh
ngu0n tp ti t6i *ang %h<i -:
"1C,b,;,bi $1b,;,bi,C C1bi,;,b,C D1C,bi,;,b
Cu 1$: Hvn hU% [ gM, H
B
, %6o%]n, %6o%ana-, anco- a-0-ic 3CH
B
K CHw CH
B
AH41 d+t ' ,o- hh [ thu TUc S),VB
-t CA
B
3ktc41 dun [ vQi b+t _i *au ,+t thji gian thu TUc hh ` c E
`N[
K',B(1 _u -0 ),' ,o- hh ` thD tc Efng vQi
^ -t $6
B
),Bt1 ui t6e cOa ^ -:
"1),' -t $1),B( -t C1),V -t D1),B -t
Cu 1&: Cho cc cht *au: i,]t0-]t], vin0- a.]tat, *acca6oyL, tinh bFt, vin0- c-o6ua, ni-onwR,R
*+ cht be thO0 %hn t6ong ,Gi t6Tjng ki, -osng:
"1B $1( C1V D1S
Cu <0: Hvn hU% [ c B hi6ocacbon Mn zng -in ti%, c t\ kh+i *o vQi hi6o - '(,/1 L0 R,VB g [ -Fi vo B)) g
EE ch=a .9c tc thch hU% thD thu TUc EE q v th0 thot 6a B,R// -t kh khG ` & ktc c t\ kh+i *o vQi H
B
- 'R,(1
$it EE q ch=a an]hit vQi nMng F CY1 gi t6e CY -:
"1',V)(Y $1',S)ZY C1',S)VY D1',B)/Y
Cu <1: Hga tan hon ton ' -TUng hh [ gM, k]
V
A
S
v k]b
B
t6ong RV g H_A
V
, thu TUc ),)Z ,o- _A
B
1 DE thu TUc
cho tc Efng via O vQi B)) ,- EE _aAH Bt, -!c kt tOa ], nung n kh+i -TUng khGng Hi thu TUc c,ZR g cht
6rn1 CY H_A
V
-:
"1SZ,BY $1SR,BY C1SR,RY D1SS,BY
Cu <<: Cho cc cht but0-c-o6ua, an-0-c-o6ua, %h]n0-c-o6ua, vin0-c-o6ua1 un *Gi cc cht vQi EE _aAH, *au
t6unh hga _aAH ET bng H_A
V
, 6Mi nh> vo E vi gi!t EE "g_A
V
1 DE khGng tPo thnh kt tOa - :
"1%h]n0-c-o6ua $1but0-c-o6ua C1an-0-c-o6ua D1vin0-c-o6ua
Cu <3: Hvn hU% kh " gM, V kh: _A, H
B
, v ' kh [, c kh+i -TUng ),ZZBg v c th tch ),cRVB -t3ktc41 m6Fn
),S/R -t kh " vQi ' -t A
B
th0 th tch kh cgn -Pi - ',VRcR -t1 mD, [, bit t6ong " c B kh Y th tch bng nhau :
"1_
B
$1_
B
A C1bA
B
D1_A
B
Cu <4 : tFt cht hnu cL [ c Cmdu - C
S
H
S
A tc Efng via O v+i EE 7AH '',RRRY1 bau %h<n =ng thu TUc EE `1
CG cPn EE ` thD %hln hLi ch\ c H
B
A vQi kh+i -TUng /R,R g, cgn -si cht 6rn q c kh+i -TUng VB g1 CmCm thu g!n cOa
[ c th - :
"1HCAAC
R
H
S
C
B
H
(
$1HCAAC
R
H
S
CH
V

C1CH
V
CAAC
R
H
(
D1CH
V
CAAC
R
H
(
ho{c HCAAC
R
H
S
CH
V
Cu <5: Cho , g k] vo EE Mng thji ch=a H
B
bA
S
v H_A
V
thu TUc EE [ v ),B ,o- _A 3Eu0 nht41 mh, ti%
H
B
bA
S
vo EE [ thD -Pi thu TUc ),)/ ,o- _A v EE `1 DE ` hga tan via ht /,VBg Cu khGng c kh ba0 6a1 7h+i
-TUng cOa k] cho vo - :
d*: 'R,BS ga,
Cu <6: A.i ha , g hh [ gM, HCHA, CH
V
CHA bng A
B
& iu ki?n thch hU%thu TUc hh ` ET gM, cc a.it hTu
cL1 m\ kh+i cOa ` *o vQi [ bng .1 7ho<ng bin thin cOa . - :
d*: ',VR | . |',(S
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
Cu <#: Hvn hU% " gM, C
n
H
Bn
v H
B
3cXng *+ ,o-4 EWn qua _i nung nng thu TUc hh $1m\ kh+i cOa $ *o vQi " -
',R1 Hi?u *ut hi6o ha t6n - :
d*: Z(Y
Cu <$: tFt bDnh ch=a hh [ gM, B ank]n ", $ k ti% nhau t6ong Es0 Mng zng, c t\ kh+i hLi *o vQi H
B
bng
'R,RB(1 Cho vo bDnh ,Ft t _i v H
B
nung nng cho n khi %h<n =ng .<0 6a hon ton *au Ta v nhi?t F ban
lu thD th0 % *ut t6ong bDnh bng ZN c *o vQi % *ut ban lu v TUc hh q1 $it 6ng kh< n@ng tc Efng cOa ,vi
ank]n vQi H
B
- nhT nhau
Cm;m cOa ",$ v Y ank]n s %h<n =ng - :
d*: C
B
H
S
, C
V
H
R
5 B/,(Z Y
Cu <& : *+ Mng %hn .]ton c cXng cGng th=c %hn tp C
(
H
')
A -:
"1 ( $1 V C1 B D1 S
Cu V): c bao nhiu cht v ion -T}ng tnh t6ong *+ cc cht v ion *au: C6
B
A
V
5 Ca3HCA
V
4
B
, H
B
A, HC-, qnA,
H;A
V
Bw
, H
B
;A
S
w
, _H
S
HCA
V
:
"1 / C1 R C1 ( D1 V
Cu 31: t+c F cOa ,Ft %h<n =ng c EPng v K k1C
.
"
1C
0
$
3", $ - B cht khc nhau41 _u t@ng nMng F " -n B
-ln3 nMng F $ khGng Hi4 thD t+c F %h<n =ng t@ng / -ln1 gi t6e cOa . -:
"1 V C1 ( C1 R D1 /
Cu 3<: +t ch0 hon ton hvn hU% gM, B hiE6ocacbon thuFc cXng Es0 EMng zng gM, ),' ,o- [5 a ,o- `1 *<n
%ho, ch0 thu TUc ], cho vo Eung Eech $a3AH4
B
ET thu TUc 'VV,cR ga, kt tOa1 bit *+ ,o- c~ng nhT *+
ngu0n tp cacbon t6ong [ u nh> hLn t6ong `1 bit 6ng hh [ v ` n0 %h<n =ng vQi Eung Eech ,u+i Cu
#
N_H
V
ET
tPo 'V,R/ ga, kt tOa ,u >v hi?u *ut %h<n =ng -Qn hLn 3ho{cK4 Z)Y1 [ v ` -:
"1 tin v %6o%anw'win $1 %6o%anw'win v butwBwin C1 tin v butw'win
D1 tin v butwBwin
Cu 33:,Ft hvn hU% kh [ gM, _
B
v H
B
c t\ kh+i *o vQi H
B
- S,B(1 nung nng [ vQi bFt *rt ' thji gian tHng hU%
6a _H
V
, *au %h<n =ng thu TUc hh kh ` c t\ kh+i E[N`K),/1 tnh hi?u *ut %h<n =ng:
"1 B(Y $1/)Y C1 VV,VVY D1 S)Y
Cu 34: bit 6ng khi nhi?t F t@ng -n ')
)
C thD t+c F %h<n =ng cOa ,Ft %h<n =ng t@ng -n B -ln1 v80 t+c F %h<n
=ng t@ng -n bao nhiu -ln khi t@ng nhi?t F ti B) -n '))
)
C1
"1 'R $1 'S $1 RS D1 B(R
Cu 35: ngu0n tp [ c tHng *+ ]-]ct6on & cc %hn -Q% * - R v *+ ]-]ct6on -Q% ngoi cXng c~ng - R1 Cho bit [ -
ngu0n t+ ha h!c no *au 0:
"1 C- $1 k C1 A D1 b
Cu 36: hvn hU% [ gM, A
B
v A
V
c t\ kh+i *o vQi H
B
bng B)1 d +t ch0 hon ton ' ,o- CH
S
cln *+ ,o- [ -:
"1 ',B $1 ',( C1 ',R D1 ',Z(
Cu 3#: cho cc cht *au: 7HCA
V
, 3_H
S
4
B
CA
V
, "-, "-C-
V
, qn3AH4
B
, C6A
V
, C6
B
A
V
1 *+ cht c tnh -T}ng tnh -:
"1 R $1 ( C1 V D1 S
Cu 3$: cht no *au 0 c %h<n =ng a hU% v gi<i t6Xng hU%:
"1 a.]ti-]n v b]ny]n $1 a.]ti-]n v vin0- a.]ti-]n C1 ]ti-]n v *ti6]n D1 a.]ti-]n v *ti6]n
Cu 3&: cho cc cht: [
'
wcan.ia.]tat5 [
B
: vin0- a.]tat5 [
V
: anco- nw%6o%0-ic5 [
S
: anco- i*ow%6o%0-ic5 [
(
: anco- i*ow
but0-ic5 [
R
: i*ow%6o%0-a.]tat1 mi cc cht no c th iu ch a.]ton bng ,Ft %h<n =ng t6Cc ti%:
"1 [
B
, [
V
$1 [
B
, [
(
, [
V
C1 [
'
, [
S
D1 [
'
, [
S,
[
R
Cu 40: cho cc tn g!i *au: t]c%]n, t]c,it, i]y]n1 d - tn g!i th]o th= tC c cGng th=c, thnh %hln chnh v
%hf gia - gD:
"1 3C
S
H
/
4
n
, k] v tg, b3-Tu hunh4 $1 3C
S
H
/
4
n
, "- v CuA, ;3%hot%ho4
C1 3C
(
H
/
4
n
, tg v k]
B
A
V
, C3cacbon4 D1 3C
(
H
/
4
n
, k]
B
A
V
v "-, b3-Tu hunh4
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
Cu 41: C6 v "-
B
A
V
khGng tc Efng vQi cht ho{c Eung Eech no *au 0:
"1 _aAH -osng, nguFi $1 H_A
V, nng
C1 _aAH
1 nng
D1 H_A
V
-osng
Cu 4<: nicotin ,Ft cht c th g0 nghi?n, c nhiu t6ong thu+c -, c nhiu <nh hT&ng n .s hFi, tu0 nhin lu
iu -!c khi cho vo Eung Eech vQi t\ -? thch hU% -Pi 6t c -Ui1 ^> -fa cOa v> cc -oPi t6=ng c~ng c tc Efng1 hai
,{t c -Ui t6n -:
"1 ch+ng *t g\, c<i thi?n khGng kh $1 ch+ng *t g\, c<i thi?n t t6Mng
C1 ch+ng @n ,gn ha h!c, c<i thi?n khGng kh D1 ch+ng @n ,gn ha h!c, c<i thi?n nguMn nTQc
Cu 43: ,Ta a.it v hi?u =ng nh knh Eo nhnng ngu0n nhn3 0u t+4 no g0 6a:
"1 bA
.
, _
.
A
0
v CH
S
, CA
B
$1 bA
.
, _
.
A
0
v H
B
b, A
V
C1 _H
V,
C-
B
v CH
S
, H
B
b D1 _H
V,
C-
B
v CA
B
, H
B
b
Cu 44: hga tan V,ZR ga, hvn hU% bFt gM, k] v Cu vo '() ,- Eung Eech "g_A
V
't1 khi kt th9c %h<n =ng
TUc Eung Eech [ v cht 6rn `1 m6ong ` c:
"1 "g, k], Cu $1 "g C1 "g, k] D1 "g, Cu
Cu 45: C V Eung Eech _H
S
HCA
V
, _a"-A
B
, C
R
H
(
A_a v V cht ->ng C
B
H
(
AH, C
R
H
R
, C
R
H
(
_H
B
1 _u ch\
EXng thu+c thp Eu0 nht - Eung Eech HC- thD ch\ nh8n bit TUc cht no:
"1 _h8n bit TUc c< V Eung Eech v C
R
H
R
$1 _H
S
HCA
V
, _a"-A
B
, C
R
H
R
, C
R
H
(
_H
B
C1 _h8n bit TUc c< V Eung Eech v C
R
H
R
D1 _h8n bit TUc c< R cht1
Cu 46: tG t< =ng Efng cOa no nhG, ETQi 0 - chTa chnh .c:
"1 L, v8t -i?u ch tPo GtG, ,0 ba0, tn -pa, tu v~ t6f
$1 L, khung cpa, t6ang t6 nFi tht v ,P M t6ang *=c1
C1 L, E0 EWn i?n, thit be t6ao Hi nhi?t, cGng cf un nu t6ong gia Dnh
D1 Ch tPo hvn hU% t]c,it, TUc EXng hn grn Tjng 6a01
Cu 4#: u-icog]n ha0 cgn g!i -
"1 g-i.in $1 tinh bFt Fng v8t C1 g-i.]6in D1 tinh bFt thCc v8t
Cu 4$: Cho .3g4 hvn hU% hLi ,]tano- v ]tano- i qua +ng ch=a CuA nung nng, khGng c khGng kh1 Cc
*<n %ho, kh v hLi *inh 6a TUc EWn i qua nhnng bDnh ch=a 6ing 6 H
B
bA
S
v 7AH 1 bau th nghi?,
th0 bDnh H
B
bA
S
34 t@ng y ga,, bDnh 7AH 34 t@ng t ga,1 $iu th=c no *au 0 9ng:
"1 y 2 t $1 y | t C1 . # 0 K y # t D1 $ v C 9ng
Cu 4& : ;hn tp ,antoyL TUc cu tPo b&i
"1 ' g+c g-ucoyL v ' g+c 6uctoyL $1 B g+c 6uctoyL & EPng ,Pch vgng
C1 nhiu g+c g-ucoyL D1 B g+c g-ucoyL & EPng ,Pch vgng
Cu 50: cc cht no *au 0 c th hga tan TUc vng :
A. Na<N, th8y ng[n lhng, n'"$ $'!ng toan, $lo t4ong H<l &f$
B. H<lF
H
, sF<l, Na<N, an$ol i,oamyli$
C. dh8y ng[n lhng, n'"$ aWen, n'"$ $'!ng toan, anilin
D. H<lF
H
, th8y ng[n lhng, n'"$ $'!ng toan, $lo t4ong H<l &f$
Thch chOc 5. /c )Pc ,hQG% +h6.h cR.g +S4.g cR.g T-NcU N-Vm +-. cF )Pc m.h HuI +I. 5*+ cP )L h46-
.gh- .64 cWI .gXY- ,h7c. TR- )Z cK g[.g T-\+ T6 cD( .hD+ .h].g ,-.h .g-Nm m^- hIE T6 5_ :ch h`.% /ac
5-N+ M6 +47. ,-m M4- T6 /-N. (h.2 b.g ,hF ccI /V +h- /- hc;. ThY- g-I. )[( +^-% +R- )Z g-9- ch- +-\+ M- /V
+h- H <01< .hdm g-O( c7c 5. cF c7- .h3. m7+ me T6 ,h47.g /+ h`. +S4.g c7ch +X buE T6 cF c7- .h3.
+_.g fuI. TV Hu hX^.g SI /V +h- /- hc <013.
PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"
"- ch- +-\+% +h[c m[c H-. M-g. hN 0&$&#6&5##. TR. +S.g )L )7.g +4 T6 cR.g )Pc ccI .gXY- ,h7c M6 HGm
+S.g ch:.h m3.h1 >-. c7m `..

PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQ-H!K TP.HC"