GROUP : 08

PRESENTERS
O M E R I R F A N
A B I D U R R E H M A N
M U H A M M A D N A E E M
M U Q E E M S H A H
N O O R S A I D
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 1
FROM PRACTICE TO FIELD:
A MULTILEVEL MODEL OF PRACTICE-
DRIVEN INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
MI CHEAL SMETS ~ ASTON UNI VERSI TY
TI M MORRI S ~ UNI VERSI TY OF OXFORD
ROYSTON GREENWOOD ~ UNI VERSI TY OF ALBERTA
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 2
AGENDA
CORE CONCEPTS (INSTITUTIONAL THEORY, INSTITUTIONAL LOGIC &
INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE)
OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
METHODS (RESEARCH DESIGN, DATA COLLECTION & DATA ANALYSIS)
THE CASE STUDY
TOWARD THE MODEL OF PRACTICE-DRIVEN INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
CONCLUSION
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 3
WHAT IS INSTITUTIONAL THEORY
A WIDELY ACCEPTED THEORETICAL POSTURE THAT EMPHASIZES RATIONAL MYTHS, ISOMORPHISM,
AND LEGITIMACY.
~ SCOTT, W. RICHARD (2008)INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS: IDEAS AND INTERESTS. LOS ANGELES, CA: SAGE
PUBLICATIONS.
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 4
WHAT IS INSTITUTIONAL LOGIC
A CORE CONCEPT IN SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY AND ORGANIZATIONAL STUDY, FOCUSES ON MACRO-
SOCIETAL PHENOMENA THAT HOW BROADER BELIEF SYSTEM SHAPE THE COGNITION AND BEHAVIOR
ACTORS.
DEFINED AS, SOCIALLY CONSTRUCTED, HISTORICAL PATTERNS OF MATERIAL PRACTICES,
ASSUMPTIONS, VALUES, BELIEFS AND RULES BY WHICH INDIVIDUALS PRODUCE AND REPRODUCE
THEIR MATERIAL SUBSISTENCE, ORGANIZE TIME & SPACE AND PROVIDE MEANING TO THEIR SOCIAL
REALITY.
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 5
WHAT IS INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
A CHANGE IN AN ENTIRE CLASS OR ORGANIZATIONS. THE DEEPEST LEVEL TOWARDS THE CHANGE IN
IDEAS THAT GOVERN INSTITUTIONS. THESE IDEAS CHANGE, RULES AND PRACTICES SHIFT AS WELL.
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 6
OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
UNDERSTANDING THE PROCESS & MECHANISM OF FIELD-LEVEL CHANGE
HOW INSTITUTIONAL LOGICS ARE DISTURBED & AMENDED
PRIMARILY INVOLVED MACRO-FIELD-LEVEL PROCESSES, NEGLECTING THE MICRO-
LEVEL ORIGINS
DEVELOPS A MODEL OF PRACTICE DRIVEN INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
CHANGE THAT ORIGINATES FROM EVERYDAY WORK OF INDIVIDUALS
STUDIED ENGLISH & GERMAN BANKING LAWYERS
IN A NEWLY FORMED INTERNATIONAL LAW FIRM TO PRODUCE CROSS-BORDER SERVICES
HOW THEIR EFFORTS INTERACTED WITH FIELD-LEVEL LOGICS.
RESULTED IN A SHIFT IN FIELD-LEVEL CHANGE (LOGIC)
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 7
OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
APPLIED A PRACTICE PERSPECTIVE
TO DEVELOP A MULTI-LEVEL MODEL OF PRACTICE-DRIVEN INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
THAT EMERGES FROM DAY TO DAY WORK OF INDIVIDUALS
CONSOLIDATES WITHIN AN ORGANIZATION
RADIATES TO THE LEVEL OF ORGANIZATIONS FIELD

From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 8
UNDERSTANDING THE INSTITUTIONAL
CHANGE
FIRST;
HOW FIELD-LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE MAY EMERGE FROM MUNDANE
ACTIVITIES OF PRACTITIONERS STRUGGLING TO ACCOMPLISH THEIR WORK
HOW IT BECOME RATIONALIZED AT THE LEVEL OF THE ORGANIZATION WHERE
PRACTITIONERS WORK
HOW IT THEN MOVES TO THE FIELD IN WHICH THE ORGANIZATION EXISTS AND
INITIATES INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 9
FIELD TO PRACTICE VS PRACTICE TO FIELD
FIELD
ORGANIZATION
PRACTICE
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 10
PRACTICE ORGANIZATION
FIELD
UNDERSTANDING THE INSTITUTIONAL
CHANGE
SECOND;
THE MODEL IDENTIFIES THREE CORE MECHANISMS:
SITUATED IMPROVISING
NORMATIVE NETWORK ORIENTATION
UNOBTRUSIVE EMBEDDING
HOW THEY ARE TRIGGERED
HOW THEY OPERATE
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 11
UNDERSTANDING THE INSTITUTIONAL
CHANGE
THIRD;
THE CRITICAL ENABLING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL PROPERTIES:
MEDIATING THE EMERGENCE, JUSTIFICATION AND DIFFUSION OF CHANGE
HOW THESE ORGANIZATIONAL PROPERTIES INFLUENCE AN INDIVIDUAL TO
EXPERIENCE INSTITUTIONAL PRESSURE AND CONDITION
HOW PRACTICE IMPROVISATIONS EXTEND TO THE FIELD LEVEL
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 12
EXISTING APPROACHES TO INSTITUTIONAL
CHANGE
THE FIRST AND THE EARLIEST APPROACH PORTRAYS INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
AS RESULTING FROM
EXOGENOUS SHOCKS
THE SECOND, LESS DEVELOPED FOCUSES ON TRIGGERING ROLE OF
ENDOGENOUS FIELD LEVEL CONTRADICTIONS
THE THIRD APPROACH ATTENDS TO THE ROLE OF
INTRA-ORGANIZATIONAL DYNAMICS
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 13
CRITIQUES OF EXISTING APPROACHES TO
INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
MACRO LEVEL ANALYSIS (STRUCTURES, CONTRADICTIONS AS FIELD MATURES
ETC.)
DRAMATIC OR CONTESTED PROCESS
DAILY WORK / BOTTOM-UP CHANGES ARE NEGLECTED
REPEATED APPEAL OF SCHOLARS
NEED TO LINK INSTITUTIONAL MYTH TO ACTUAL WORK...
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 14
PRACTICE APPROACH TO INSTITUTIONAL
CHANGE
TO CATCH THE TONE......
PRACTICE....?
TRIVIAL ACTIVITIES, BUT......
STUDIES ABOUT REAL WORK CHANGE........
INDIVIDUAL ACTIONS & INTERACTIONS ....... INSTITUTIONAL LEVEL ANALYSIS.
THE MISSING LINK.....
EVERYDAY ACTIVITY CAN BE LOCUS FOR CHANGE TO PRACTICES THAT ARE
ANCHORED IN FIELD LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL LOGIC.
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 15
METHODS INTRO - RESEARCH DESIGN
CURRENT STUDY BASELINE- JUSTITIA BANKING GROUP
STUDY INTUITION....
DESIGN IS A CASE STUDY, BECAUSE ....
ANTECEDENT DATA FOR INTERNAL WORK..
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 16
DATA COLLECTION
TO LOOK INTO MUNDANE ACTIVITIES WITH THEIR ASSIGNED MEANINGS.
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 17
Observations
Transactional and
inter-jurisdictional
activities.

Workshop
observation
Interviews
Pilot Interviews

Semi-structured
Interviews
Elite Interviews
Archival Material
Internal private

Internal public

External public
DATA ANALYSIS
OPEN ENDED DATA ANALYSIS


CONTEXTUAL CODING
FLOW DIAGRAM- ACTIVITIES AND COMPLEXITY
CROSS REFERENCE CHECKS
CODING FOR NEGATIVE INSTANCES
THEMATIC CODES TRANSFORMATION TO THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 18
RAW DATA THEME LINKAGE THEORETICAL FW
THE CASE STUDY
PROFESSIONAL LOGICS & THEIR ENACTMENTS IN PRACTICE
ENGLAND ANGLO-GERMAN
HYBRID
GERMANY
Dominant Professional
Logic
Expertise/client-service
logic
Governed by Expertise
logic that links
Professional status to
Client Services.
Expertise/client-service
logic
England and German
activities is absorbed
under Expertise logic that
privileges Client Services.
Fiduciary logic
Governed by Fiduciary
logic that links
Professional status to
public services.
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 19
THE CASE STUDY
PROFESSIONAL LOGICS & THEIR ENACTMENTS IN PRACTICE
ENGLAND ANGLO-GERMAN
HYBRID
GERMANY
Role identity







Key Audience
Business-oriented legal
advisor
As business-oriented
legal advisor , lawyers
seek to further clients
commercial interest.



Client and Financial
markets
Duty for Client
Business-oriented legal
advisor
Adding client interest
become critical to lawyers
in both jurisdiction.
Technical excellence is
no longer regarded as
Professional role identity.

Client and Financial
markets
Shifting focus on client
services
Clients and financial
markets as key referent
and protects work from
scrutiny by courts.
Technical Specialist
Lawyers are Socialized ,
unbiased and focus on
academic learning.
They gave little interest
to Commercial purpose.



Judiciary
Duty for court
Court are considered as
key referent for legal work.
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 20
THE CASE STUDY
PROFESSIONAL LOGICS & THEIR ENACTMENTS IN PRACTICE
ENGLAND ANGLO-GERMAN
HYBRID
GERMANY
Approach to legal
problems







Approaching to drafting
(plan or stretch)
Pragmatic Problem
Solving
Lawyer resolved the
problems on behalf on
their clients.





Comprehensive
Documenting
Detailed documentation,
creating self-contained
System of law that
reflect their clients.
Analytical informed
improvising
Approach blend, as
lawyer accept Civil- law
constraints and introduce
an initial Local law due
Diligence while German
lawyers solve problem in
practical way.

Customized Blending
German lawyers broadly
move to the English
approach, drafting
comprehensive, lengthy
documentation.
Forensic Analyzing
Focus on Forensic
analysis of contracts.
Concerned with problem
finding rather than problem
solving.




Selective Signposting
Use fundamental terms
of codified laws in their
document and selectively
signpost where parties to
deviate from these
standard.
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 21
CORE CONCEPTS
FIELD-LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL COMPLEXITY
CROSS-NATIONAL VARIATION IN LEGAL REGIMES, PROFESSIONAL LOGICS, AND
WORKING PRACTICES
COLLISION OF LOCAL PRACTICES
LOCAL WAYS OF WORKING CLASHING IN INTERNATIONAL SYNDICATED FINANCE
TRANSACTIONS
NOVEL INSTITUTIONAL COMPLEXITY
EXPERIENCE OF INSTITUTIONAL ALTERNATIVES AS LOCAL PRACTICES COLLIDE IN
INTERNATIONAL SYNDICATED FINANCE TRANSACTIONS
URGENCY
TIME PRESSURE TO GET THE DEAL DONE QUICKLY TO SATISFY CLIENTS AND
PROVE THE VIABILITY OF THE GLOBAL FIRM MODEL
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 22
CORE CONCEPTS
CONSEQUENCE
HIGH COSTS OF FAILURE (FINANCIAL AND REPUTATIONAL) AMPLIFYING PRESSURE
TO GET THE DEAL DONE
SITUATED IMPROVISING
COPING WITH COMPLEXITY: WORKING AROUND LEGAL OBSTACLES TO GET THE
DEAL DONE
REORIENTING THE NORMATIVE NETWORK
DECIDING WHO MATTERS: AUDIENCES CONSIDERED (OR NOT) IN JUSTIFICATION OF
IMPROVISED SOLUTIONS
UNOBTRUSIVE EMBEDDING
RADIATING FROM PRACTICE TO FIELD: PRACTICE ENGAGEMENT AS KEY DIFFUSION
MECHANISM
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 23
CORE CONCEPTS
ORGANIZATIONAL COORDINATION
FACILITATING CONSOLIDATION OF NEW PRACTICE THROUGH BUREAUCRATIC
IMPULSE AND CONNECTEDNESS WITHIN A SINGLE FIRM
INSTITUTIONAL DISTANCING
FACILITATING IMPROVISING AND NORMATIVE REORIENTING THROUGH
COSMOPOLITANISM, FEEDBACK, AND STATUS
CONSOLIDATED HYBRID PRACTICE
CONSOLIDATED HYBRID PRACTICE AS CODIFIED IN BEST PRACTICE GUIDELINES
AND ONLINE TOOLS
FIELD-LEVEL ENDORSEMENT OF LOGIC SHIFT
RECOGNITION AND ACCEPTANCE OF NEW PROFESSIONAL LOGIC IN GERMANY
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 24
FROM PRACTICE TO FIELD: A MULTILEVEL MODEL OF PRACTICE-DRIVEN
INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 25
CONCLUSION
THE MODEL EXPLAINS AN EASY WAY OF HOW THINGS AT MICRO LEVEL
(MUNDANE / ROUTINE) ACTIVITIES BRING CHANGES IN INSTITUTIONAL LEVEL.
THIS MODEL ALSO EXPLAINS A WELL SEQUENCED MECHANISM OF PRACTICE
LEVEL ADAPTATIONS (EMERGENCE / JUSTIFIED / CONSOLIDATION)
THIS MODEL GIVES RECOGNITION TO ORGANIZATIONAL PROPERTIES
(RELATION / OVERLAPPING / HETEROGENEITY) / (NOVEL COMPLEXITY,
URGENCY, CONSEQUENCES)
HETEROGENEITY VS HIERARCHAL RELATION


From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 26
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
HETEROGENEITY VS SINGLE PROFESSION
REGULATORY PUSH BACK/ROLE OF REGULATORY PUSH BACK (IMPARTIAL
MONITORING).
COORDINATION AMONG ACTORS IN THE ORGANIZATION/DIFFERENT
COMBINATION.
(ENABLE/CONSTRAIN PRACTICE DRIVEN CHANGE)
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change
THANK YOU
From Practice to field: A Multilevel Model of Practice-Driven Institutional Change 28