Getting started with 3D

echocardiography
3D Echo and anatomical correlate-
Navigate around the heart
Francesco F Faletra
Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino
Conflict of interest:


Speaker fees from Philips
The vision of internal surface and orifice
3D-TEE
Discovering internal
surface & orifices of left
and right atrium
Courtesy from SY Ho Royal Brompton Hospital London
The walls of the left atrium
Medial
wall
Ant Wall
Lat Wall
Ao
PA
The walls of the left atrium
MV
TV
?
Lateral wall
LAA
Left atrial
isthmus
Left atrial isthmus
Wittkampf FHM et al.: Eur Heart J 2005
The anterior wall
Ao
?
MV
MV
Ao
Ao
The anterior wall
Ao
The medial wall of the left atrium
The left side of atrial septum
SVC
AS
AS
RUPV
SVC
TV
AS
IVC
IVC
RA
SVC
LA
RA
SVC
LA
TV
Ao
Ao
b
Ao
CS IVC
RUPV
CS
The left side of atrial septum
Ao
CS
IVC
RUPV
The left side of atrial septum
Complete
closure
Septal pouch
opened in LA
PFO
Septal
pouch
opened in
RA
The left side of atrial septum
LA
RA
SP
SS
The left side of atrial septum
LA
RA
SP
SS
The left side of atrial septum
MV
FO
MV
FO
CS
CS
The left side of atrial septum
Courtesy from E Bonacina Niguarda Hospital Milan
The walls of right
atrium
IVC
EV
CS FO
IVC
EV
CS
FO
SVC
SVC
The medial wall
Ao
EV
CS
The right side of atrial septum
AS
AS
FO
FO
The right side of atrial septum
Asirvartham J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2009
EV
ER & TT
Pouch
The Eustachian valve
EV
IVC
TV
AS
EV
IVC
TV
AS
EV
CVTI
AS
EV
EV
TV
AS
CS
The Eustachian valve
The Eustachian valve
EV
CS
SVC
CT
RAA
Sinus
FO
RUPV
Sew Yen HO Royal Brompton Hospital
The postero-lateral wall
SVC
CT
RAA
Sinus
RUPV
RLPV
FO
Sew Yen HO Royal Brompton Hospital
SVC
CT
RAA
Sinus
FO
RUPV
The postero-lateral wall
Sew Yen HO Royal Brompton Hospital
FO
IVC
CT
The postero-inferior wall
SVC
AO
CS
EV
Septal
isthmus
Inferior isthmus
Inferio-lateral
Isthmus
Sew Yen HO Royal Brompton Hospital
CT
CT
FO
FO
The postero-inferior wall
LA
RA
LV
RV
IVC
CS
CVTI
The postero-inferior wall
Right atrial orifices
(Venae cavae - Coronary sinus)
FO
EV
FO
EV
CS
IVC
FO
EV
SVC
Venae Cavae

CS
RA
LA
RA
LA
CS
Coronary sinus orifice

The left atrial orifices

Pulmonary veins
LUPV
LAA
MV
LUPV
LAA
MV
LLPV
LUPV
LAA
MV
LLPV
Courtesy by SY Ho Royal Brompton Hospital
Left pulmonary veins
LUPV
LLPV
LUPV
LLPV
LUPV
LLPV
Left pulmonary veins
LUPV
LLPV
Left pulmonary veins
Ao
CS
FO
Right pulmonary veins
How to get Right PVs by 3D TEE
Ao
CS
FO
Thank you for your kind attention