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WA S H I N G T O N .
I R H O D E S I A .
j . 1 . M O O S E , AC C O M P AN I E D B Y U S AM B AS S AD O R WI S H E R , S AW N K O MO
YE S T E R D A Y AT TH E L A T T E R ' S R E Q U E S T . T H E Y FO U N D H I M I N E B U L L I E N T
MO O D AN D G E N U I N E L Y C O N C E R N E D TO T A K E A R E S P O N S I B L E AN D C O N S T R U C T -
I VE A T T I T U D E O N C U R R E N T P R O B L E M S .
2 . AF TE R R E H E A R S I N G H I S C O M P L A I N T S AB O U T TH E U S E O F T H E R H O D E S I AN
S E C U R I T Y F O R C E S AN D TH E S O U TH A F R I C A N P E R S O N N E L AT B E I T B R I O G E ,
I j N K O MO S A I 3 TH AT HE F E A R E D T H A T TH E G O VE R N O R AN D WI S T E A M WE R E
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GOVERNOR I NTO BANMI NG ONE WI NG OF THE P F . #
3 . r -vKO' -' O SAI D THAT HE WOULD BE AT PA IMS AFTER HI S RETURN TO
TAKE A RESPONSI B LE ATTI TUDE A
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D NOT TO ATTACK THE B RI TI S H
PUB L I CL Y. HE B EL I EVED THAT THE PF COULD RESOLVE ITS PROBLEM S
WITH THE OTHER PARTI ES ONCE THEY .VESE ALL ABLE TO SIT DCWM
TOGETHER. ZAPU WOULD MOT ATTACKS THE EX I 3 TI MS I NSTI TUTI ONAL
FRAMEWORK IN RHODES I A , BUT WOULD WORK THROUGH I T TO THE FULL
AND I N THI S WAY TEST I T.
1
i 4 . KKOMO SAI D THAT HE WOULD SEEK AM EARLY M EETI NG WI TH LORD
I SOAMES AND PRESS HI M VERY HARD TO MAKE AN I M M EDI ATE START ON
t THE ESTAB LI SHM ENT OF A NEW ZIMBABWE ARMY BY FORMING TWO OR THREE
MI XED B RI GADES DRAWN FROM THE "F AND SECURI TY FORCES. ZI - RA WAS
READY TO EMBARK ON THI S I M M EDI ATELY.
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5. NKOiMO SAI D THAT I T WAS UNTHI NKAB LE THAT THE CEAS EFI RE AND
TRANSI TI ON SHOULD BREAK DOWN. HI S PEOPLE WERE LOOKI NG TO ZAPU
TO FI ND A WAY OUT OF THE BLOODSHED AND OPPRES S I ON . H
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6. I HAVE PREVI OUSLY REFERRED TO THE RI S K S OF ANY MC7 TO
DI SQUALI FY WU I F, AT THE SAME TI M E, WE WI SH TO CONTI NUE TO
ENGAGE ZAPU. CONFI RM ATI ON OF MY VI EWS WAS GI VEN WHEN NKGMO
POI NTEDLY REJECTED AN OPPORTUNI TY TO CRi Tl j S TS E ZANU. MOOSE
REFERRED TO THE GOOD PERFORM ANCE OF ZI PRA IN COM PLYI NG WI TH
THE CEA S EFI RE, AND CO- PAI RED THI S WI TH ZANLA'S, NKOMQ JUM PED
IN QUI CKLY TO S TI FL E THI S L I N E OF CONVERSATI ON BY SAYI NG THAT
HE HAD NO I NFORM ATI ON ABOUT ZANLA' S A CTI VI TI ES . M OREOVER, WHI LE
THE VI S I TORS WERE WAI TI NG TO SEE NKOMO, THEY WERE AB LE TO HAVE
A WORD WI TH CHI NAM ANO WHO CONFI RM ED THAT ZAPU, WHI LE NOT
PARTI CULARLY OPTI M I S TI C, WERE S TI L L SEEKI NG AN ELECTORAL AL L I AN CE
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R E C O R D P U B L I C L Y AN D I T WI L L B E A L L T H E O R E D I F F I C U L T FO R U S TO
A C H I E VE AN Y M AN | N G F U L D I A L O G U E WI T H H I M AN D H I S A D VI S O R S . I T
WAS FO R T H I S R E A S O N T H A T I WAS A N XI O U S T H A T i S H O U L D D E A B L E TO
T E L L TH E Z A M B I A N S AB O U T S I " ? A D L '. 'F * ? V I S I T 3E F O R E H E S O K E , D D I
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C O f'T R A D I C T H I M , I A M I N C L I N E D T O T H I N K T H A T A L T M C U G H H I S R E M A R K S
M A Y R E C E I V E C O N S I D E R A B L E P U B L I C I T Y T O M O R R O W O N T H E L I N E S C F " I
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I L O N G -T E R M F A C T O R I N T H E VI E -. ' WH I C H Z A M B I A T A K E 3 O F O R { T A I N ,
I D O N O T T H I N K T H A T E V E ' ! A F T E R S O M E D E L A Y I S H O U L D M A K E A N Y
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I S H O U L D D O S O A S T H I S WO U L D R E M O V E K A U M D A ' S G R O U N D S F D R C O M P L A I N T
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TO IMMEDIATE FCO 1 I M M E D I A T E | H
TEL WO* 4 0 OF 11 JANUARY 1930 L
AND TO I M M E D I ATE SALISBURY
REPEATED PRIORITY TO GABORONE, MAPUTO, LUANDA, P R E T O R | 3 , DAR E S
SAL A A'", L ACOS, WASHINGTON, *
KAUNDA'S SPEECH AT THE OPENING OF PARLIA"ENT
1. -RESIDENT KAUNDA M AD E AN OPEN INC AD D R E S S CF EIGHTY M I N U T E S
THIS MORNING T O T H E ZAM31 A'; PARLIAMENT, FORTY OF WH I C H WE R E
DEVOTED T O RHODES I A, AN D THE "AJOR P ART OF T H M T T O CRITICISM
O F H'-G'S POLICIES. *
2. T H E PRESIDENT 3AGAN RY REFERRING TO THE FRONT LINE STATE" AS
J THE FOUNDATION OF A TRANSCONTINENTAL ECONOMIC BLOCK WHICH , ' OUL J
j BE T H E CORNERSTONE OF ZAMBIA'S FOREIGN POLICY IN THE FUTURE.
HH THE CRISIS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA H AD B E E N T H E MOST I M P O R T AN T FACTOR
1
Wm IN ZANSI AN
1
FOREIGN POLICY IN TH E 1?7~5 AN D AS T H E E I G H T I E S E WED
H| THE FOCUS WAS NOW ON ZIMBABWE, P A T R I O T I C FRONT VI C T O R I E S IN THE B
W-W F I E L D HAD S E E '! RESPONSIBLE FOR TH E L A ' C A S T E R HOUSE A C R E S ' " H
AND WERE A CLEAR VICTORY FOR TH E P A T R I O T I C FRONT WH I C H ZAM3J V H
H A I L E D . Z A M B l A ' S T A S K H AD B E E N TO HELP T H E P A T R I O T I C FOR H
1_ FASCIST G O VE R ' "ENT IN RHO0E" I A . 'A '; .NT" I T S " E '-'O -V'L S M 01 I
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H F A S C I S T G O VE R N M E N T I N R H O D E S I A AN i) WI T H I T S R EWG V L / -S AW \ ' $
J M I S S I O N WAS C O M P L E T E . TH E R E S T L A Y WI T H TH E P E O P L E O F Z I M B A B WE .
IT WAS N O T Z A M B I A ' S P O L I C Y TO C H O O S E G O VE R N : E T S ESS O TH E R N , # G N #
T H I S L A S T S E N T I " E N T WAS WAR M LY R E C E I VE D B Y P A R L I A M E N T ,
3. N E VE R T H E L E S S T H E R E WAS A WH O LE C A T A L O G U E C F E VE N T S WH I C H
R E VE A L E D T H A T B R I T I S H P O L I C I E S H AD C O N T R I B U T E D TO A VE R Y
D AN G E R O U S S I T U A T I O N . S O U TH A F R I C A N T R O O P S WE R E P R E S E N T AT B E I T
B R I D G E . S O U TH A F R I C A N M E R C E N A R I E S WE R E AT L A R G E I N R H O D E S I A ,
TH E S E C U R I T Y F O R C E S H AD B E E N E M P L O YE D TO I N T I M I D A T E T H E M A S S E S
| H)i u tri e r\ fclU<v<Y r i nc r AI t i r v i I w ('( U w <- .t> u . o >*_/ I-S**M| U WL. . - .
A U X I L I A R I E S WE R E B E I N G U S E D P O L I T I C A L L Y AN D B R I T I S H P O L I C Y WAS
C L E A R L Y P A R T I S A N . Z A M B I A H AD B E E N AM O N G S T T H O S E TO C A L L FO R A
U N I T E D N A T I O N S F O R C E I N jR H O D E S I A O R F A I L I N G T H AT A C O M M O N WE ALTH
F O R C E . B R I T A I N H AD R E J E C T E D T H I S A D . 'I C E AN D N O W T H E Y H AD A S M A L L
M I L I T A R Y F O R C E I N C A P A B L E O F D E A L I N G WI T H T H E S I T U A T I O N AN D I T WAS
FO R T H I S R E A S O N T H AT TH E R H O D E S I A N S E C U R I T Y F O R C E S H AD H AD TO B E
D E P L O YE D . I F T H E S I T U A T I O N C O N T I N U E D TO D E T E R I O R A T E I T WO U LD
Q U I C K L Y B E T O T A L L Y O U T O F C O N TR O L AN D I T WO U LD B E H M O 'S E N T I R E
R E S P O N S I B I L I T Y . * ' D E C E I T ! I S T H E M O S T C O N S I S T E N T P H E N O M E N O N O F
B R I T I S H P O L I C Y I N R H O D E S IA S I N C E TH E L A N C A S T E R H O U S E A G R E E M E N T " .
WE WE R E A B R O G A T I N G T H E R E S P O N S I B I L I T I E S P L A C E D O N U S AT L A N C A S T E R
H O U S E I N F AVO U R O F T H E S O -C A L L E D S E C O N D C L A S S O P T I O N . P R E S I D E N T
K AU N D A WI S H E D TO WAR N U S A G A I N S T O U R P O L I C Y AMD C A L L E D FO R A
TO TAL WI TH D R AWAL F R O M S O U T H E R ! ! R H O D E S I A O F A L L S O U TH A F R I C A N
F O R C E S . H E R E G A R D E D T H E A T T E M P T B Y B R I T I S H S P O K E S M E N TO L I N K
TH E P R E S E N C E O F S O U TH A F R I C A N F O R C E S AT B E I T B R I D G E WI T H Z A M B I A ' S
WE L F AR E A S " M A L I C I O U S " , I F T H E F O R C E S L E G A L L Y I N R H O D E S I A C O U L D
N O T LO O K AF T E R TH E B E I T B R I D G E T H E N L E T T H E U N I T E D N A T I O N S O R T H E
C O M M O N WE ALTH P R O " I D E T H E N E C E S S A R Y F O R C E S .
4 . T H E P R E S I D E N T T H E N F A D E P L A Y WI T H T H E T I M E M A G A Z I N E I N T E R VI E W
O F 7 J A N U A R Y AN D C L E A R L Y H AD N O T B E E N A D VI S E D T H A T T H E P A S S A G E
IN S Q U AR E B R A C K E T S R E F L E C T E D E D I T O R I A L O P I N I O N AS O P P O S E D TO T H AT
O F LO R D C A R R I N G T O N . H E H AD R E C E I VE D A S S U R A N C E S F R O M N YE R E R E AN D
M AC H AL T H A T N O N E O F T H E I R P E O P L E WE R E I N R H O D E S I A AN D A F -I R M E D
AS C O M M AN D E R I N C H I E F O F TH E Z A M B I A N FO^ZcZ T H A T WI T H T H E
E XC E P T I O N O F T H E I R M O N I TO R I M C T E A M T H E R E WE R E N O Z A M B I A N F O R C E S
IN R H O D E S I A . L O R D C A R R I N G T O N H AD T H E R E F O R E B E E N G U I L T Y O F A
B L AT AN T L I E (H E O N C E Q U A L I F I E D T H I S B Y S A Y I " G T H AT T H I S WO ! I D
B E TH E C A S E I F T
L J
E S E C R E T A R Y O F S T 'ATE H AD S E E N Q U O TE D C O R R E C T L Y
P U T T WI C E L E T I T " A S S WI TH O U T " U A L I F | C A T I O .N ) ,
I 5. T " E Z I M B AB WE AN R E S P O N S E , TO B R I T I S H D E C E I T S H O U L D B E N A T I O N A L | H
| U i l T Y AN D P A R T I C U L A R L Y L " : | TY 0" TH E P A T R I O T I C F R O N T A O A I '' . I
I \ 5 . THE Z!f1::--v TAN RESPONSE TO O N I T! O H DE CE I T SHOULD BE NAT!
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S A I D T H A T T H E L A T T E R WAS P A R T I C U L A R L Y I M P O R T A N T , T H E F R O N T L I N E
I WO U LD T A K E I T AS A B R E A C H O F T H E S P I R I T O F T H E L A N C A S T E R H O U S E
AG R E E M E N T AN D WO U LD P U T T H E R E S U L T O F T H E E L E C T I O N S I N D O U B T I F
AL L R E F U G E E S O F VO T I N G AG E WE R E N O T P E R M I T T E D T O R E T U R N . H E
TH O U G H T T H A T WE WO U LD C L E A R L Y B E S U P P O R T I N G M U Z O R E WA I F WE L I M I T E D
TH E R E T U R N O F R E F U G E E S T O 5, 000 P E R WE E K AS H AD B E E N A L L E G E D I N
B E I R A , I G A VE MO G WE T H E U S U A L A S S U R A N C E AB O U T O U R I N T E N T I O N T O
ALLO W AS M AN Y AS P O S S I B L E TO R E T U R N * H E S A I D T H A T WE O U G H T TO B E
B E M O R E L I B E R A L AB O U T T H O S E R E F U G E E S WH O H AD H O M E S T O G O TO AN D
WO U LD N O T N E E D T H E H E L P O F T H E S O C I A L S E R V I C E S ,
5. MO G WE T H E N C O M M E N TE D T H A T H E H AD F O U N D I T S T R A N G E T H A T N K O MO
H AD N O T AT T E N D E D TH E B E I R A M E E T I N G . M U G AB E WAS T H E O N L Y P F L E A D E R
I O F AN Y S I G N I F I C A N C E AN D MO G WE D I D N O T K N O W I F AN Y Z A P U R E P R E S E N T A T -
1 I VE S H AD A T T E N D E D . H E S A I D T H A T M U G A B E , I N A D D R E S S I N G T H E P R E S I D E N T
H AD M AD E I T C L E A R T H A T T H E TWO WI N G S O F T H E P F WO U LD F I G H T T H E
E L E C T I O N S E P A R A T E L Y , I N E X P L A I N I N G T H E R E A S O N FO R T H I S M U G AB E H AD
S A I D T H A T T R I B A L I S M WAS S T I L L AN I M P O R T AN T F AC T O R I N
E L E C T I O N S , I F Z AN U A G R E E D TO F I G H T T H E E L E C T I O N S O N A C O MMO N
P L A T F O R M WI TH Z A P U I T WO U LD 3E A L L E G E D T H A T H E H AD S U B M I T T E D TO
TH E N D E B F L E , E Q U A L L Y I T WO U LD B E A L L E G E D T H A T N K O M O H AD G I VE N I N
TO T H E S flO N A , I T WAS T H E R E F O R E B E T T E R T H A T T H E TWO WI N G S F I G H T I
1
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TH E E L E C T I O N S E P A R A T E L Y O U T N O T I N O P P O S I T I O N . M U G AB E I N T E N D E D
TO M E E T N K O M O S H O R T L Y T O WO R K O U T S P H E R E S O F A C T I V I T Y AMD U N I T Y
O F A C T I O N ,
6. MO G WE S E E M E D S YM P A T H E T I C TO MY D E S C R I P T I O N O F T H E PROGRESS
M AD E I N S A L I S B U R Y AN D T O B E S C E P T I C A L O F T H E C R I T I C I S M S M AD
O F T H E G O VE R N O R . H E C O M M E N TE D T H A T T H E F R O N T L I N E N E VE R P U B L I C L Y
P R A I S E D B R I T A I N WH EN S H E D I D T H E R I G H T T H I N G , H I S F I N A L C O M M E N TS
WE R E , H O WE VE R , T H A T WE H AD M AD E AN A P P A L L I N G B L U N D E R O VE R T H E
S O U TH A F R I C A N S AT B E I T B R I D G E .
7. I I M A G I N E T H A T YO U H A VE A L R E A D Y R E C E I VE D
TH E B E I R A M E E T I N G B U T TO B E O N T H E S A F E S I D E
T E XT O F T H E C O P Y G I VE N TO M E B Y M O G WE .
T H E
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C O M M U N I Q U E C F
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^MW W^^M J AMAI CAN HI GH COMMI SSI ON,
Telephone 50, ST. J AMES' S STREET,
0 1 - 4 9 9 8 6 0 0
EîTs LONDON, SWI A US.
J A M H I C O M , L O N D O N , S . W. I .
305.1 11 January 1980
Dear Prime Minister,
I have today received the enclosed envelope
from my Prime Minister with a request that i t be
^Êorwarded to you.
Yours sincerely,
/Ernest G Peart
High Commissioner
The Rt. Honourable Margaret Thatcher, MP
Prime Minister
10 Downing Street
London SWl
ds
I
f
RESTRI CTED I
11 January 1980
Rhodesia : Message to the Governor
As I have already informed Roderic
Lyne, the Prime Minister has seen and approved
the draft text of a message from her to
Lord Soames enclosed with your l e t t e r to
me of today's date.
MICHAEL ALEXANDER
M.J. Richardson, Esq.,
Lord Privy Seal's O f f i c e .
I I RESTRI CTED ^
. H
f m ^ S ^ \ For ei gn and Commonweal th Offi ce
\jS^jlSr/ L ondon S W1 A 2 A H
11 J a n u a r y 1 9 8 0
R H O D E S I A : M E S S A G E TO T H E GOVE RNOR
I e n c l o s e , i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h C a b i n e t ' s i n v i t a t i o n
t o t h e L o r d P r i v y S e a l y e s t e r d a y , a d r a f t mes s a ge w h i c h
t h e L o r d P r i v y S e a l s u g g e s t s t h a t t h e P r i me M i n i s t e r may
l i k e t o s e n d t o L o r d S o a mes i n t h e f o r m o f a t e l e g r a m
w h i c h , i f t h e P r i m e M i n i s t e r a g r e e s , we w i l l d e s p a t c h .
M J R i c h a r d s o n
P r i v a t e S e c r e t a r y t o t h e
L o r d P r i v y S e a l
M O ' D B A l e x a n d e r
10 D o w n i n g S t r e e t
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t
(16939) Dd.8 9 7 3 0 0 200m 9/ 72 G . W. B. Lt d. Gp.8 6 3
(17785) Dd.8 9 7 5 3 3 400m 5/ 73 G . W. B. Lt d . Gp.8 b3
Y V At
A. I 14
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* File No Security Classification
W
Department
Drafted by
(Block Capitals)
R h o d e s i a D e p t OUTWARD
TELEGRAM
R E S T R I C T E D
I MB E DI Ê I
Tel. Extn [ P E S K B Y Z
F O R
C O M M S . D E P T . {Date)
Despatched P O S T B Y Z
{Time) Z
U S E
P R E A M B L E
(Time of Origin) Z(G. M. T. ) (Restrictive Prefix)
R E S T R I C T E D (Caveat/
(Security Class.) Privacy Marking) _
(Codeword) (Deskby) Z
I M M E D I A T E S A L I S B U R Y
(precedence) (P
o s t
)
T O T d N o o f
A N D T O (precedence/ post)
A N D S A V I N G T O
R E P E A T E D T O (for info)
I S A V I N G T O (for info) I
Di st r i but i on: - [ T E X T ]
P E R S O N A L F OR GOVE RNOR F ROM P R I M E M I N I S T E R
R h o d e s i a P o l i c y
1. A t C a b i n e t y e s t e r d a y o u r c o l l e a g u e s a s k e d me t o
c o n v e y t o y o u t h e i r wa r m c o n g r a t u l a t i o n s on t h e r e m a r k a b l e
a c h i e v e me n t s o f y o u r f i r s t f o u r week s a s G o v e r n o r . T h e r e
i s n o d o u b t t h a t t h e g o i n g w i l l get ev en t o u g h e r b u t y o u
h a v e o u r f u l l s u p p o r t a n d c o n f i d e n c e . We w i s h y o u
c o n t i n u i n g s u c c e s s f o r t h e c o mi n g w e e k s .
c s
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R E S T R I C T E D
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11 January 1980
H
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Rhodesia : Message to Mr. Mugabe
As I have already t o l d you on the telephone, the Prime
Minister has approved, with minor amendments, tho text of the
message to Mr. Mugabe enclosed with your l e t t e r to me of
10 January. She has also approved the procedure proposed i n
that l e t t e r .
The amendments to the message were that:-
a. the f i r s t sub-paragraph of the speaking notes
should be deleted;
b. that the words "Lancaster House" should be inserted
before the f i r s t reference to the Conference i n
sub-paragraph 2 of the speaking notes; and
c. the word 'must" should be changed to "should" i n
sub-paragraph 7 of the speaking notes.
MI CHAEL ALEXANDER
Roderic Lyne, Esq.,
Foreign and Commonwealth O f f i c e .
I ^ C O M M O N WE A L T H S E C R E T A R I A T I
BBS
C A B L E S : C O M S E C G E N L O N D O N SW1
T E L E X : 27678
M A R L B O R O U G H H O U S E ,
P A L L M A L L ,
Your ref:
Our rcf:
C.151/4/ 2
CONFIDENTIAL
11 J a n u a r y 1980
Commonwealth Committee on S o u t h e r n A f r i c a
A t t a c h e d i s a c o p y o f t h e m i n u t e s o f t h e
Committee's m e e t i n g h e l d on 8 J a n u a r y , 1980.
As p-r G>ou W No
M. M a l h o u t r a
S e c r e t a r y
Commonwealth Committee
S o u t h e r n A f r i c a
on
E n d .
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PR I ME
iSS MI NI STE R'^ôr
f UB E R , A
19P P E R S O N A L M E S S A G E sw? I QB
^BSmP^ . TEL. 01-589 3405
S E R I A L N o . r...3fe.<> I
27-3e-01-'80 / 11th January, 1980
Madame Prime Minister,
I have the honour to transcribe hereunder, text of a
Telegram I have received today from President William R.
Tolbert, Jr., current Chairman of the Organization of
African Unity addressed to your goodself:
"I HAVE RECEIVED WITH GREAT CONCERN NEWS REPORT OF
THE CONTINUED PRESENCE OF SOUTH AFRICAN TROOPS IN
ZIMBABWE STOP YOU WILL RECALL CMA MADAM PRIME
MINISTER CMA THAT DURING THE LANCASTER HOUSE TALKS
YOUR GOVERNMENT GAVE ASSURANCES THAT UPON THE
ARRIVAL OF LORD SOAMES IN ZIMBABWE ALL FOREIGN
TROOPS INCLUDING SOUTH AFRICAN TROOPS WOULD BE
IMMEDIATELY WITHDRAWN STOP WE CANNOT FORGET THAT
THE QUESTION OF THE PRESENCE OF SOUTH AFRICAN
TROOPS IN ZIMBABWE WAS AN ISSUE OF GRAVE CONCERN
DURING THE TALKS AND BECAUSE OF THE ASSURANCES
GIVEN US BY YOUR GOVERNMENT WE IN TURN REASSURED
THE LEADERS OF THE PATRIOTIC FRONT THAT SOUTH
AFRICAN TROOPS IN ZIMBABWE WOULD BE WITHDRAWN
IMMEDIATELY UPON THE ARRIVAL OF THE BRITISH GOVERNOR
IN SALISBURY STOP I AM SURE YOU WILL AGREE WITH ME
THAT REPORTS OF THE CONTINUED PRESENCE OF SOUTH
AFRICAN TROOPS IN ZIMBABWE CMA WOULD HAVE THE MOST
UNFORTUNATE EFFECT OF ERODING CONFIDENCE IN THE
LANCASTER HOUSE AGREEMENT AND WOULD ADVERSELY AFFECT
THE PROCESS LEADING TO INDEPENDENCE WITH GENUINE
MAJORITY RULE IN ZIMBABWE STOP I THEREFORE IMPLORE
YOU CMA MADAM PRIME MINISTER CMA TO TAKE EFFECTIVE
MEASURES AS WOULD ENSURE THE WITHDRAWAL OF ALL SOUTH
AFRICAN TROOPS FROM ZIMBABWE IN ORDER THAT THE
AGREEMENT SO PAINSTAKINGLY NEGOTIATED AND CONCLUDED
IN LONDON MIGHT BE SUCCESSFULLY IMPLEMENTED STOP IN
CONVEYING OUR VERY BEST WISHES FOR A HAPPY AND
PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR FOR YOU AND YOUR FAMILY CMA
MADAM PRIME MINISTER CMA PLEASE ACCEPT THE RENEWED
ASSURANCES OF MY HIGHEST CONSIDERATION AND ESTEEM
SINCERELY W. R. TOLBERT JR PRESIDENT OF LIBERIA AND
CURRENT CHAIRMAN OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AFRICAN UNITY".
2#
The Rt. Hon. Margaret Thatcher, MP
Prime Minister,
10 Downing Street,
LONDON S.W. 1.
_ EMBASSY OF THE REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA
( ) 21 PRINCE'S GATE
^~*p3 LONDON SW7 tQB
^SS^P^ TEL. 01-539 S43S
01-5SS 2264
-2-
Be pleased to accept,Madam Prime Minister,the assurances
of my highest esteem.
AMBASSADOR
' m m i Eilli
V A.
I ^ mj wi M

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P R I M E M I N I S T E R
R H O D E S I A E L E C T I O N S : P A R L I A M E N T A R Y O B S E R V E R S
B e f o r e t h e R e c e s s D a v i d W i n n i c k t a b l e d a Q u e s t i o n a s k i n g t h e
C h a n c e l l o r o f t h e D u c h y o f L a n c a s t e r i f h e w o u l d a r r a n g e f o r a
n u mb er o f h o n o u r a b l e M emb er s t o o b s e r v e t h e p e n d i n g e l e c t i o n s i n
i
R h o d e s i a a n d t o r e p o r t b a c k t o t h e H o u s e .
A f t e r c o n s u l t a t i o n w i t h L o r d S o a mes , t h e F C O r ec o mmen d t h e
f o l l o w i n g r e p l y :
" T h e G o v er n men t do n o t p r o p o s e t o r ec o mmen d t h e f o r m a t i o n
o f a n a l l - p a r t y g r o u p t o r e p o r t o n t h e e l e c t i o n s o n R h o d e s i a .
B u t t h e y a r e p r e p a r e d t o d i s c u s s t h r o u g h n o r m a l c h a n n e l s
a r r a n g e me n t s f o r a c e r t a i n n u mb er o f M emb er s o f P a r l i a m e n t
t o o b s e r v e t h e e l e c t i o n s . T h e G o v e r n o r h a s a g r e e d t o p r o v i d e
t h e a p p r o p r i a t e a s s i s t a n c e . "
T h e C h a n c e l l o r o f t h e D u c h y t h o u g h t t h a t h e s h o u l d c l e a r t h i s
w i t h y o u b e f o r e g i v i n g t h e r e p l y n e x t week . I c a n s ee n o g r e a t
o b j e c t i o n t o i t . T h e p r o p o s a l i s s e t o u t i n mo r e d e t a i l i n t h e
a t t a c h e d n o t e f r o m t h e F o r e i g n O f f i c e .
A r e y o u c o n t e n t ?
10 J a n u a r y 1 9 8 0
mm\' ^ m\mmwmM
I .
RESTRICTED
MMmm
H I
Mr P o w e l l
II
RHODESIAN ELECTIONS: PARLIAMENTARY OBSERVERS
1. At the S e c r e t a r y o f S t a t e ' s meeting w i t h M i n i s t e r s t h i s
morning i t was d e c i d e d t h a t we s h o u l d p r e s s ahead w i t h p l a n s
to arrange f o r a number of UK P a r l i a m e n t a r i a n s to observe the
Rhodesian e l e c t i o n s . The i n t e n t i o n i s t h a t w h i l e HMG s h o u l d
pay the expenses of t h i s group i t s h o u l d be made c l e a r t h a t
they w i l l not be expected t o submit any r e p o r t to P a r l i a m e n t
( t h e r e s h o u l d be no d i f f i c u l t y i n i m p r e s s i n g t h i s p o i n t on the
C o n s e r v a t i v e members of t h e g r o u p ) . Members of the group s h o u l d
be chosen by the C h i e f Whips and our s p o n s o r s h i p s h o u l d be
p r e s e n t e d i n terms o f ' o f f e r i n g f a c i l i t i e s f o r a c e r t a i n number
of P a r l i a m e n t a r i a n s t o observe the e l e c t i o n s ' .
2. I t i s i n t e n d e d t h a t the group s h o u l d comprise
3 C o n s e r v a t i v e s , 2 Labour and 1 L i b e r a l p l u s 1 peer from the
c r o s s benches. At l e a s t one o t h e r member of the group s h o u l d
a l s o be a member of the House o f L o r d s .
3. S u b j e c t to your views I do not t h i n k t h a t t h i s p r o p o s a l
c o n f l i c t s w i t h the l i n e agreed w i t h the Governor on
p a r l i a m e n t a r y o b s e r v e r s . I f you a g r e e , t h e r e i s p r o b a b l y no need
to put the p r o p o s a l t o the Governor f o r the time b e i n g bu+ we
s h o u l d get i n touch w i t h the C h i e f Whips b e f o r e P a r l i a m e n t
reassembles.
K Q F Manning
PS/Mr Luc^
4 January 1980
c c :
PS
I /
PS/LPS"/
PS/PUS
Mr Day I
i
C o v e r i n g RESTRICTED
a n d
^^(^^^^^^^) F or ei gn Commonweal th Offi ce
\E* ^| Pj/ L ondon S W1 A 2 A H [ ^ _
4 January 1980 X . ^ O L L : , ;
-
' 'H
RHODESIA ELECTIONS: OBSERVERS FROM PARLIAMENT
J
In my l e t t e r o f 20 December I s a i d t h a t we would have t o
c o n s u l t the Governor on our proposed s u b s t a n t i v e r e p l y t o
Mr Winnick's PQ on P a r l i a m e n t a r y O b s e r v e r s f o r the e l e c t i o n s
i n Rhodesia.
The f o l l o w i n g r e p l y has been c l e a r e d w i t h L o r d Soames and
may now, w i t h your agreement, be p u b l i s h e d i n the O f f i c i a l
Report:
" The Government do not propose t o recommend the
f o r m a t i o n of an a l l - p a r t y group t o r e p o r t on the
e l e c t i o n s on Rhodesia. But they are p r e p a r e d t o !I
d i s c u s s through normal channels arrangements f o r a
c e r t a i n number of Members of P a r l i a m e n t t o observe
the e l e c t i o n s . The Governor has agreed t o p r o v i d e
\ a p p r o p r i a t e a s s i s t a n c e . " / ^
For your own i n f o r m a t i o n I e n c l o s e a copy o f an FCO minute
r e c o r d i n g our m i n i s t e r s ' view of how t h i s s h o u l d be p l a y e d .
I am c o p y i n g t h i s l e t t e r w i t h e n c l o s u r e t o Murdo MacLean.
to S J G o m e r s a l l t
\\ PS/Lord P r i v y S e a l
P S / C h a n c e l l o r o f the Duchy o f L a n c a s t e r
P r i v y C o u n c i l O f f i c e
W h i t e h a l l
with compliments
o/
CHANCELLOR OF THE DUCHY OF LANCASTER
68 Whi t ehal l L on don S W1 A 2AS
Telephone 01-233-7113
I ( i t ) I
QUESTION FOR WRITTEN ANSWER
NO: 203
DATE: THURSDAY 20 DECEMBER 1979
MR DAVID WINNICK ( W a l s a l l N o r t h ) : To ask the C h a n c e l l o r
of the Duchy of L a n c a s t e r , i f he w i l l arrange f o r a
number of honourable Members t o observe the pending
e l e c t i o n s i n Rhodesia, and to r e p o r t back to the House.
CHANCELLOR OF THE DUCHY:
-I an B C T W g g ^ f a B g f ay t hs fiffivsmar of Dcuthai 'H RhodiLoi*.
TO ' " " M m m i i | "' ! i fefewa aapAjt i n rl i i r
1 1 1 r
euui uu.
CONFIDENTIAL
I *
/ ^Pfejr\ For ei gn and Commonweal th Offi ce
r J
| \J ||piy V t
l
^ L on don S. W. I
J u l / * 10 January 1980 Hj
Rhodesia : Message to the Prime" M i n i s t e r from Mr Mugabe
/ . Robert Mugabe has sent a message ( t e x t enclosed) to the
Prime M i n i s t e r p r o t e s t i n g at the Governor's d e c i s i o n to allow
a contingent of South A f r i c a n troops to be s t a t i o n e d at the
Rhodesian end of B e i t b r i d g e and h i s use of Rhodesian s e c u r i t y
f o r c e s to deal with breaches of the c e a s e - f i r e . The message
a l s o accuses Lord Soames of d e l i b e r a t e l y p r e v e n t i n g the r e t u r n
of ZANU personnel to Rhodesia, and of f a i l i n g to act i m p a r t i a l l y .
The tone of the message i s p r o v o c a t i v e , and Mugabe has r e l e a s e d
i t to the p r e s s . T h i s suggests t h a t i t s primary purpose i s
propaganda. Mugabe appears to be going ahead with p l a n s to
r e t u r n to Rhodesia, d e s p i t e the charges he makes i n the l e t t e r .
During the next two months t h e r e w i l l i n e v i t a b l y be o t h e r
o c c a s i o n s on which the v a r i o u s p a r t i e s i n Rhodesia w i l l f e e l
a g g r i e v e d at the Governor's d e c i s i o n s and accuse him and HMG o f
bad f a i t h . Once Nkomo and Mugabe have r e t u r n e d to S a l i s b u r y
they w i l l be able to r a i s e such p o i n t s d i r e c t l y w i t h the Governor,
which i s the a p p r o p r i a t e way to d e a l w i t h them. The P a t r i o t i c
Front r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s on the C e a s e f i r e Commission are a l r e a d y able
to r a i s e i n that body any problems a r i s i n g from the C e a s e f i r e
Agreement. We do not wish to encourage Nkomo and Mugabe to
appeal over the Governor's head.and would not recommend that the
Prime M i n i s t e r s h o u l d r e p l y p e r s o n a l l y to Mugabe's message.
T h i s would seem to a t t a c h more importance to h i s a l l e g a t i o n s than
they warrant. We propose t h e r e f o r e t h a t HM Ambassador i n Maputo
s h o u l d be i n s t r u c t e d to r e p l y o r a l l v to the v a r i o u s p o i n t s made,
and at the same time to draw to'Mugabe's a t t e n t i o n the s u b s t a n t i a l
evidence of c o n t i n u e d i n f r i n g e m e n t s of the c e a s e - f i r e by ZANLA.
/ I e n c l o s e a d r a f t telegram o f i n s t r u c t i o n s f o r which we are ~
s e e k i n g Lord C a r r i n g t o n ' s a p p r o v a l . I t takes account of views
expressed by Lord Soames from S a l i s b u r y . I s h o u l d be g r a t e f u l to
know whether the Prime M i n i s t e r i s content with t h i s means of
d e a l i n g with Mugabe's message.
In b r i e f i n g the press we would propose t o draw h e a v i l y on
the i n s t r u c t i o n s to the Ambassador and t o s t r e s s the need f o r ZANU
and ZANLA to comply s t r i c t l y with the agreements reached at
L a n c a s t e r House. We s h a l l be i n s t r u c t i n g posts to speak i n
s i m i l a r terms.
(R M J Lyne)
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I AR E TO B E R E A L I Z E D .
P L E A S E A C C E P T MY H I G H E S T R E G A R D S .
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11 1. I n t h e L i g h t o f t h e r e l a t i v e l y mor e mo d e r a t e t o n e a d o p t e d
12 b y M u ga b e i n h i s t a l k s w i t h y o u ( y o u r t e l n o 40 t o S a l i s b u r y ) ,
13 we a s s u me t h a t t h e ma i n p u r p o s e o f h i s mes s a ge t o t h e P r i me
14 M i n i s t e r i s i t s p r o p a g a n d a e f f e c t . T h i s i s c o n f i r m e d by h i s
15 a c t i o n i n r e l e a s i n g i t t o t h e p r e s s w e l l b e f o r e i t s r e c e i p t h e r e .
6' F r om y o u r f u r t h e r r e p o r t s i t i s c l e a r t h a t t h e r e h a s b een n o ;
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c h a n ge i n Z A N U ' s p l a n s t o r e t u r n t o R h o d e s i a .
18 2 . T h e P r i me M i n i s t e r w i l l n o t be r e p l y i n g p e r s o n a l l y t o t h e
1
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s h o u l d h o wev er s ee M u ga b e a g a i n a n d s p e a k on t h e f o l l o w i n g l i n e s ,
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2 i . Wereg^p-et the i ve/TrV hi s Ls<êr_ whi c h i i. remj/s cent of
3 soj psroi Xt ^^êssh^^î uVj p^ssaqes^ >6 ^ the Larjc^s' ter House
4 C onfederate. / ^ L >-*J %~+t)
5 i i . L ord C a r r i ngton made c l ear dur i ng the"^Confer eTTcethat
6 there woul d be no ques ti on of i nt e r v e nt i o n by e xte r na l f or c es i n
7 Rhodesi a under the Governor. T hi s remai ns our p o s i t i o n . The
8 G overnor' s de c i s i on to al l ow a s mal l South A f r i c a n f or c e to
9 pr o te c t B e i t br i dge does not repres ent i n t e r v e n t i o n . I t has the
10 s pe c i f i c purpose of s af eguar di ng a v i t a l c ommuni c ati ons l i n k .
11 T hi s i s nec es s ary i n the l i ght of c onti nui ng breac hes of the
12 c e a s e - f i r e i n the area. The f or c e i s i n the i mmedi ate v i c i n i t y
13 of the br i dge . We have al ways made c l ear that ther e woul d be
14 no purge of the Rhodesi an or the P a t r i o t i c Front f orc es i n t hi s
15 pe r i o d: both of them c ontai n var i ous n a t i o n a l i t i e s .
16 i i i . I t i s the r e s p o n s i b i l i t y of the po l i c e to ma i nta i n law and
17 or de r . The Governor has a uthor i s e d the use of Rhodesi an f or c es
18 onl y i n s upport of the po l i c e and onl y where the l a t t e r have been
19 unabl e to cope wi th s er i ous breac hes of the c e a s e - f i r e . Such
20 f or c es are moni tor ed when used i n t hi s way. T hi s i s f u l l y i n
21 ac c ord wi th the agreements . I n alm/ ôst a l l cases i t has been
22 pos s i bl e to r es ol ve outs ta ndi ng cases pe a c e f ul l y . But unl es s
23 ZANLA compl y wi th the c e a s e - f i r e , very dangerous s i t ua t i o ns wi l l
2A a r i s e .
25 i v . The great ma j o r i t y of thes e breaches have been caused by
26 ZANLA f o r c e s . I n s ever al areas ZANLA groups are r e f us i ng to
27 compl y wi th the c e a s e - f i r e arrangements and even wi th the orders
28 of t he i r own commanders. There i s al s o evi denc e of c r os s - bor der
29 movement on a c ons i der abl e s c al e by ZANLA i n c ontr a ve nti on of
30 t he c e a s e - f i r e , as wel l as of pe r s i s t e nt i n t i mi d a t i o n . The
/ / / 31 Governor a ppl i e d the c e a s e - f i r e deadl i ne f l e x i b l y and gave ZANLA
K H
/ /
/
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33
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2 f o r c e s e v e r y o p p o r t u n i t y t o a s s e mb l e p e a c e f u l l y w i t h t h e i r
3 w e a p o n s . I t i s e s s e n t i a l t h a t ZANL A c o mp l y s c r u p u l o u s l y w i t h t h e
4 t h e c e a s e - f i r e p r o v i s i o n s , o t h e r w i s e t h e G o v e r n o r w i l l h a v e n o
5 a l t e r n a t i v e b u t t o t a k e a p p r o p r i a t e a c t i o n . T h e r e i s no q u e s t i o n
6 o f t h e G o v e r n o r a u t h o r i s i n g a n y a c t i o n a g a i n s t P a t r i o t i c F r o n t
7 f o r c e s w h i c h a r e o b s e r v i n g t h e c e a s e - f i r e . Y o u s h o u l d d r a w
8 f u r t h e r as a p p r o p r i a t e on t h e i n f o r m a t i o n i n S a l i s b u r y t e l n o s
9 38 a n d 39 t o y o u .
10 v . T h e a u x i l i a r y f o r c e s a r e u n d e r m i l i t a r y c omman d a n d t h e
11 m i l i t a r y c o mma n d er s a r e r e s p o n s i b l e t o t h e G o v e r n o r f o r s e e i n g
12 t h a t t h e y o b s e r v e t h e c e a s e - f i r e . I f t h e r e i s a b e l i e f t h a t
13 t h e y a r e n o t d o i n g s o t h e m a t t e r s h o u l d b e r a i s e d a t t h e c e a s e -
14 f i r e c o mmi s s i o n a n d w i l l be f u l l y i n v e s t i g a t e d a n d d e a l t w i t h
15 a p p r o p r i a t e l y .
1 6 v i . S u c h d e l a y as h a s o c c u r r e d i n a r r a n g i n g t h e r e t u r n o f ZANU
17 p e r s o n n e l h a s b een c a u s e d by Z A N U ' s f a i l u r e t o g i v e u s a d e q u a t e
I ' 18 n o t i c e o f t h e i r p l a n s . We a r e g l a d t h a t t h e ZANU a d v a n c e p a r t y
19 h a s now a r r i v e d a n d t h a t p l a n s f o r M u g a b e ' s own r e t u r n a r e b e i n g
2 0 d i s c u s s e d . T h i s w i l l e n a b l e m a t t e r s s u c h - a s t h o s e r a i s e d i n h i s
21 l e t t e r t o be d i s c u s s e d d i r e c t l y b et ween h i m a n d t h e G o v e r n o r .
2 2 v i i . We w i s h t o s ee e a r l y a c t i o n by ZANU t o r e l e a s e t h e
2 3 d e t a i n e e s i n M o z a mb i q u e . T h e r e
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2 4 i n f l a m m a t o r y b r o a d c a s t s by " V o i c e o f Z i mb a b w e " .
25 v i i i . We r e ma i n f i r m l y c o mmi t t e d t o t h e c o n d u c t o f f r e e a n d f a i r
26 e l e c t i o n s . T h e G o v e r n o r ' s a d m i n i s t r a t i o n w i l l be i m p a r t i a l .
27 A g r e a t d e a l h a s a l r e a d y b een a c h i e v e d , a n d we a r e n o t p r e p a r e d
28 t o s ee t h i s p u t a t r i s k by b e h a v i o u ^ w h i c h i s i n c o n s i s t e n t w i t h
29 t h e a g r e e me n t s . T h e n eed f o r s t r i c t c o m p l i a n c e w i t h t h e
J U L a n c a s t e r H o u s e a g r e e me n t s was made a b u n d a n t l y c l e a r a t t h e t i m e
I I I 31 o f s i g n a t u r e : we s h a l l i n s i s t on s t r i c t c o m p l i a n c e w i t h t h e s e
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P I K B O TH A U R G I N G H I M TO G I VE S O ME K I N D O F U N D E R T A K I N G , P U B L I C
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WAS WOR R I ED AT T H E WH OL E TU R N O F E V E N T S .

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D I S C I P L I N E Z A N U OR TO L I N K F U R TH ER P R O G R E S S TOWA RD S N O R M A L I Z I N G
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I ; Z A N U A S S OON A S P O S S I B L E A N D I S U S P E C T TH A T TH E Y A R E I R R I TA TE D AT
WHAT TH E Y S E E A S P R O C R A S TI N A TI O N ON OUR P A R T . F E R R A O ' S V I E W A L R E A D Y
I R E P O R TE D , I S TH A T WE S H OU L D G E T T H E Z A N U L E A D E R S H I P TO S A L I S B U R Y A N D
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WI L L C O N V I N C E P E O P L E TH A T WE A R E N OT B E ^ G D E L I B E R A T E L Y O B S TR U C TI V E
AND ON T H E E V I D E N C E S O FA R A V A I L A B L E M A TC H ED A G A I N S T
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WOULD B E D I S M A YE D A N D , M U CH A G A I N S T M A C H E L * S N A TU R A L I N C L I N A T I O N S ,
TH EY M I G H T B E F O R C E D TO C OM E OUT I N S U P P O R T O F Z A N U WI TH A L L TH A T
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TH E GOVER N M EN T, A S WEL L A S TH E P U B L I C , B E C A U S E H E B E L I E V E S TH A T WE
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I P R O C E S S . C O N F I D E N TI A L
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CONFIDENTIAL
3. I H AVE TO SAY TH AT AT LE AS T MO ST O F TH E IN FO R MATIO N WH ICH YO l#
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TO JU S TI F Y TH E G O VER N O R 'S AP P AR EN T I N AB I LI TY TO IN S TR U C T, R ATH ER
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MOOSE AN D WISN ER ON - TH EIR MEETIN G WITH K AUN D A AN D AD VI S E R S .
1: 2 . I K AUN D A LE AVE S LATER TH I S MO R N IN G FO R A MEETTIN G O F F . L . S .
I Vv;... ' P R ES ID EN TS IN B E I R A.
3 . MO O SE FU LLY UN D ER STO O D C O N FID EN T I ALI TY O F MATER IAL CO VER ED IN
FI R S T TUR AN D " J U S T H O PED TH AT WH ITE R AB B IT WOULD N EVER CO ME
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HE SEEMED G EN U IN ELY CO N CER N ED TO S EE S ETTLEMEN T AC H IEVED B U T
D EEP LY TR O U B LED AT " M O U N TIN G E VI D E N C E " O F C O LLU S IO N B ETWEEN
U . K . , WALLS AN D SO UTH AF R I C A. H E R ES TATED FEAR S O F SO UTH AFR IC AN
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SO UTH AFR IC AN S WER E TR AIN IN G ZAMB IAN D IS S ID E N TS Itf B JN D U R A .
MIN IN G AR EA IN R H O D ES IA TO AS S I S T IN D E S TAB I LI S I N G ZAMB IA I F
TH EY FO UN D ELEC TIO N O UTCO ME U N AC C EP TAB LE. H E CO ULD N O T " U N D E R S TAN D
WHAT B R I TI S H WER E UP T O " . C H ALLEN G ED B Y MOON
I' K AUN D A AD MITTED
1 TH AT MUCH H AD G O N E R IG H T, IN D EED A " M I R A C L E " WAS AT H AN D
- " T H E H AN D O F GOD WAS IN E VI D E N C E " B U T TH E WH O LE TH IN G WAS
IN TH E B ALAN C E . I F TH E ELEC TIO N WAS SEEN TO B E FR EE AND FAIR
ZAMB IAN TER R ITO R Y WOULD N O T B E U SED FO R FU R TH ER S TR U G G LE- I F
IT WER E N O T TH EN ZAMB IA WOULD R ETU R N TO ITS P R I N C I P L E S . TH EY
N EED ED A FU LL ACCO U N TIN G FR O M U . K . TO E XP LAI N LO G IC AN D
R EASO N IN G O F AP P AR EN T D IS TO R TIO N S O F AG R EEMEN T.
C O H ZLLEN TIAL / 5 . MO O SE S AI D

" C O N FID EN TIAL
5. MO O SE S AID ON B AS I S O F C O N VER S ATIO N H E WOULD AD VIS E AG AIN S T
C AS TIN G ZAP U AS " G O O D I E S " AN D ZAN LA AS " B A D D I E S " WH ATEVER
TH EIR R ECO R D O N C E AS E F I R E . K AUN D A WAS IN TER ES TED IN A LAS TIN G
SETTLEMEN T IN AR E A. TH I S WOULD N EED MU G AB E'S IN VO LVEMEN T OR
AC Q U IES C EN C E WH ICH WOULD N O T (R P T N O T) B E AC H IEVED B Y P I LLO R YI N G
H IM . TO TH I S EXTEN T K AU N D A'S IN TER ES TS WER E N O T C O IN C ID EN TAL
WITH N K O MO 'S .
6 . TIM ETAB LE NOW I S - FLS MEETIN G TO MO R R O W! KAUN D A O P EN S
I P AR LIAMEN T ON F R I D AY. I R EG AR D IT AS IMP O R TAN T TH AT H E SH O ULD
NOT (R P T N O T) D IG H IM S E LF JN TO A H O LE ON FR ID AY (MO O SE H AS
I CAU TIO N ED AG AIN S T O VER R EAC TIO N AT B E IR A AN D K AUN D A SEEMED
TO AC C EP T T H I S ). TH U S I TH IN K VER Y D E S IR AB LE TH AT B Y
TOMORROW AFTER N O O N (LO C AL) I SH O ULD B E AB LE TO TE LL ZAMB IAN S*
O F; P R O P O SED VI S I T B Y S IR A. D U F F , I B E LI E VE D O O R S WILL B E O P EN
TO : TH I S I N I TI ATI VE FR O M S ALI S B U R Y, ZAMB IAN S KNOW TH EIR
I IN FO R MATIO N tS P AR TIAL AN D WOULD WELCO ME CO MMU N ICATIO N O F TH I S
N ATU R E. MO O SE TO O Ts K EEN TO S EE D U FF AN D WOULD " L I N G E R " IN
LU SAK A FO R TH I S P U R P O S E.
N E I LS O N ,
F I L E S AD D ITIO N AL D I S TR I B U TI O N
I R H O D D O LD R H O D ES IA P O LI C Y
O AD S N EWS D
N AD P S
. MED P S /S I R I G ILMO U R
P U SD P S /MR LU C E
P LAN N IN G S TAFF P S /MR R I D LE Y
E S & SD P S /MR K U R D
N EN AD P S /MR MAR TEN
CCD P S /P U S
FR D S I R D MAITLAN D
E I D (E )
UN D MR H AN N AY
LEG AL AD VIS ER S LO R D N G LEN N O X
(MR FR EELAN D ) M I S S BROWN
(MR FIFO O T) MR D AY
ECO N D MR FER G U S S O N
P C D MR AS P I N
D EF D MR M I LLS
I P D _ 2
C O N FID EN TIAL
Cabi net / Cabi net Commi ttee Document
The fol l owi ng document, whi ch was enclosed on this file, has been
removed and destroyed. Such documents are the responsibility of the
Cabinet Office. When released they are available i n the appropriate
CAB (CABI NE T OF F I CE ) CL AS S E S .
I Reference: Q^ g o j l & fcl Oi y, Mt' * 44 & 2 (*xh*0) I
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BEGI NS J
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' I HAVE RECEI VED WITH GREAT CONCERN NEWS REPORT OF THE CONTI NUED
PRESENCE OF SOUTH AFRI CAN TROOPS I N ZI MBABWE. YOU WI LL RE CAL L ,
MADAM PRI ME MI NI STE R, THAT DURI NG THE LANCASTER HOUSE TALKS YOUR
GOVERNMENT GAVE ASSURANCES THAT UPON THE ARRI VAL OF LORD SOAMES I N
I V'*3A3WE ALL
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O Î G N TROOPS I NCLUDI NG SOUTH AF RI CAN TROOPS WOULD S^ I
I MMEDI ATELY WITHDRAWN. WE CANNOT FORGET THAT THE QUESTI ON OF THE
RESE\ CE OP SOUTH AFRI CAN TROOPS IN ZI MBABWE WAS AN I SSUE OF GRAVE
CONCERN DURING THE TALKS AND BECAUSE OF THE ASSURANCES GI VE N US BY
YOUR GOVERNMENT WE IN TURN REASSURED THE LEADERS CF THE PATRI OTI C
FRONT THAT SOUTH AFRI CAN TROOPS IN ZI MBABWE WOULD 3E WITHDRAWN
I MMEDI ATELY UPON THE ARRI VAL OF THE BRI TI SH GOVERNOR I N SAL I SBURY,
9
FRONT THAT SOUTH AFRI CAN' TROOPS IN ZI MBABWE WOULD 3' WITHDRAWN
I MMEDI ATELY UPON THE ARRI VAL OF THE BRI TI SH GOVERNOR I N SAL I SBURY.
I AM SURE YOU WI LL AGREE WITH ME THAT REPORTS OF THE CONTI NUED
PRESENCE OF SOUTH AFRI CAN TROOPS I N ZI MBABWE, WOULD HAVE THE MOST
UNFORTUNATE E F F E CT OF ERODING CONFI DENCE I N THE LANCASTER HOUSE
AGREEMENT AND WOULD ADVERSELY AFFE CT THE PROCESS LEADI NG TO
I NDEPENDENCE WITH GENUI NE MAJ ORI TY RULE I N ZI MBABWE. I THEREFORE
I MPLORE YOU, MADAM PRI ME MI NI STE R, TO TAKE E F F E CTI VE MEASURES AS
WOULD ENSURE THE WITHDRAWAL OF ALL SOUTH AF RI CAN TROOPS FROM ZI MBABWE
I N ORDER THAT THE AGREEMENT SO PAI NSTAKI NGLY NEGOTI ATED AND CONCLUDED
I N LONDON MI GHT BE SUCCE SSF ULLY I MPLEMENTED, J N CONVEYI NG OUR
VERY BEST WI SHES FOR A HAPPY AND PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR FOR YOU AND
YOUR F AMI L Y, MADAM PRI ME MI NI STE R, PL E ASE ACCEPT THE RENEWED
ASSURANCES OF MY HI GHEST CONSI DERATI ON AND E STE E M.
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| | | | M U Z O R E WA. | B|
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C O N FID EN TIAL
r A MC i n C MT l A i P S TO PRI ME MI NI STER
C O N FID EN TIAL 10 DOWNING ST I

FM S ALIS B U R Y 0 9 1 9 3 0 Z JAN 8 0
I TO IMMED IATE FCO ^ t
TELN O 1 0 9 O F 9 /1 /8 0
IN FO IMMED IATE MAPUTO LU SAK A WASH IN G TO N D AR ES SALAAM LAG O S .
MAPUTO TELN O 2 3 TO YO U : MU G AB E'S LETTER
1 . IN D EC ID IN G TH E MAN N ER IN WH ICH TO R EP LY TO MU G AB E'S LE TTE R ,
YOU WILL NO D O UBT WISH TO C O N SID ER TH E IN FO R MATIO N IN MY TELEG R AM
NO 3 8 TO MAP U TO : AN D TO B EAR IN MIN D TH E FO LLO WIN G P O I N TS :
(A) TH E AG R EEMEN T AT LAN C AS TER H O USE WAS TH AT TH ER E WOULD B E
NO IN TER VEN TIO N B Y EXTER N AL FO R C ES IN R H O D ES IA: TH E AN N O UN CEMEN T
CO N CER N IN G SO UTH AFR IC AN FO R C ES AT B E ITB R ID G E IS R ELATED S O LELY
TO TH E P R O TEC TIO N O F TH E B R I D G E :
U,.,- (B ) TH E MAIN TEN AN C E O F LAW AN D O R D ER IS TH E R E P O N S I B I LI TY
1 O F TH E P O LI C E . TH E C E AS E -F I R E AG R EEMEN T P R O VID ES TH AT D ISEN G AG EMEN T I
SH O ULD B E R E C IP R O C AL. IN TH E EVEN T O F P R ER S IS TEN T B R EAC H ES O F TH E
C E AS E -F I R E AG R EEMEN T, I H AVE TO D EC ID E WHAT AC TIO N TO TAK E WJTH
TH E FO R CES WH ICH H AVE AC C EP TED MY AU TH O R ITY.
(C ) NO S I G N I FI C AN T P R O B LEMS H AVE AR IS EN WITH Z I P R A. B UT IN LAR G E I
AR EAS O F TH E CO UN TR Y ZAN LA FO R C ES AR E C O N TIN U IN G TO O P ER ATE IN I
B R EACH O F TH E C E AS E -F I R E . TH E P O LIC E CAN N O T D EAL WITH TH E R ES U LTIN G I
P R O B LEMS WITH O UT S U P P O R T, AN D AR E B EIN G SU P P O R TED WHERE N EC ES S AR Y
B Y R H O D ES I AN FO R C ES WH ICH AR E B EIN G MO N ITO R ED . IN ALMO ST ALL
C ASES SO FAR IT H AS B EEN P O S S IB LE TO R ES O LVE TH E O U TSTAN D IN G
P R O B LEMS P E AC E FU LLY. 3 U T U N LES S TH ER E IS MUCH S TR IC TER C O MP LIAN C E
WITH TH E R EQ U IR EMEN TS O F TH E C E AS E -F I R E AG R EEMEN T B Y ZAN LA FO R C ES ,
VER Y D AN G ER O US S ITU ATIO N S WILL C O N TIN U E TO AR I S E . IT IS N O T
P R AC TIC AB LE TO U SE ZAN LA FO R C ES AG AIN S T O TH ER ZAN LA FO R C ES .
(D ) TH E ZAN U AD VAN CE P AR TY AR R IVED H ER E TO D AY. WE H O PE TO AR R AN G E
(S E E MY T U R TO MAP U TO ) FO R TH E O R D ER LY R ETUR N O F O TH ER ZAN U
LE AD E R S . WE WILL N O T B E AB LE TO LET IN P ER SO N N EL WHO C LEAR LY
B ELO N G TO ZAN LA OR AR E N O T P R O P ER LY N O TIFIE D AN D I D E N TI FI E D IN
AD VAN CE O F TH EIR EN TR Y. WE S H ALL B E I N S I S TI N G ON TH E R ELEAS E O F
ZAN U D ETAIN EES IN MO ZAMB IQUE AN D (VI A TH E MO ZAMB IQUE G O VER N MEN T)
TH AT AC TIO N IS TAK EN TO D EAL WITH IN FLAMMATO R Y B R O AD CASTS B Y TH E
" VO I C E O F Z I M B AB WE " .
C O N FID EN TIAL /2 .AG AI N S T
I CONFIDENTIAL ^ H
2 . AG AIN S T TH I S BACK G R O UN D I C O N SID ER IT MO ST IMP O R TAN T TH AT
A FIR M R EP LY SH O ULD B E SEN T TO MU G AB E, S TATIN G TH AT WE AR E
CO N CER N ED A3 0 U T TH E EXTEN T O F C R 0 S S -3 0 R D E R MO VEMEN T B Y ZAN LA
FO R CES IN B R EAC H O F TH E C E AS E -F I R E AG R EEMEN T AN D TH E C O N TIN U IN G
D I F F I C U LTI E S WH ICH AR E AR I S I N G WITH SO ME O F H IS FO R C E S . WE AR E ,
AR R AN G IN G FO R TH E O R D ER LY R ETU R N O F ZAN U P ER S O N N EL. B UT TH E
P O S ITIO N CO N CER N IN G C O MP LIAN C E WITH TH E LAN C AS TER H O USE AG R EEMEN TS I
WAS MAD E C LEAR B Y YO U AT TH E S IG N ATU R E C ER EMO N Y. WE MUST AN D WILL
IN S IS T ON S TR IC T C O MP LIAN C E WITH TH O SE AG R EEMEN TS B Y ALL P AR TI E S
WISH IN G TO P AR TI C I P ATE IN TH E E LE C TI O N S .
FCO P AS S ALL
SO AMES
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RESIDENT CLERK
CONF I DE NTI AL
FM SALI SBURY C91759Z J AN SO
TO I MMEDI ATE FCO
TELEGRAM NUMBER I CS OF 9 J ANUARY
INFO I MMEDI ATE LUSAKA NAI ROBI MAPUTO
UKMI S NEW YORK LUANDA LAGOS WASHINGTON
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GABORONE DAR ES SALAAM
PRETORI A ADDI S A3ADA M O N R O VI A
CANBERRA OTTAWA WELLI NGTON PRI ORI TY PE KI NG MO S C O W PRAGUE D AK AR
KI NSHASA KHARTOUM TOKYO EEC POSTS KUWAI T KI NGSTON BRI DGETOWN DACCA
NEW DELHI SI NGAPORE GEORGETOWN FREETOWN PORT LOUI S PORT O r SPAI N
LILONGWE VALLETTA BANJ UL COLOMBO ACCRA KUALA LUMPUR NI COSI A O S L O
STOCKHOLM LI SBON MADRI D ATHENS MBABANE ABI DJ AN
INFO SAVI NG NASSAU MASERU CASTRI E S SUVA FORT MORESBY HONI ARA
NUKUALOFA VI CTORI A TARAWA UKDEL NATO SOF I A BUDAPEST BUCHAREST
H | EAST BE RLI N BELGRADE CAI RO ALGI E RS TUNI S TRI POL I RABAT T E H R A N . H
I : I
1. IN RESPONSE TO CRI TI CI SM FROM FRONT L I NE GOVERNMENTS, P O S T S MAY
WIS H TO HAVE FURTHER GUI DANCE O N THE L I N E TO TAKE ABOUT THE
OPERATI ON O F THE CE ASE F I RE AND OTHER QUE STI ONS.
H POI NTS TO M AK E H
2, THE CE ASE F I RE IS N O T F U L L Y E F F E C T I V E BUT T H E R E H AS B E D '. A V S R ? | : >- ;
H M AR K E D REDUCTI ON I N THE N U M B E R C F I N C I D E N T S . T H E R E AR E H O V E R A ^ f l
| ' ' . 'E N OF U. , S A T I S F A C T O R Y F E A T U R E S , AS TO WH I C H S E E J E L O W. V W
H
H , MARK E D" R E D U C T I O N I N 'T H E - N U M B E R C F ' I M C 1 D E N T S . T H E R E A R E HO.-R ;VMM* ^LW
N.IM O F UN 3 A T I S F A C T O R { F E A T U R E S , A S T O WH I C H S E E AL L O S . ; -I '. ~
. RON 2 0 , 3 S O P A T R I O T I C F R O N T P E O P L E I N T H E A S S E M B L Y P L A C E S WI T H
** | M O R E S T I L L C O M I N G I N . T H E D I S E N G A G E M E N T A N D A S S E M B L Y P R O C E S S HAS J B
:
,
T H E R E F O R E O N T H E F A C E O F I T B E E N A R E M A R K A B L Y S U C C E S S F U L A C H I E V E M E N T . I
I T H A S B E E N P O S S I B L E T H R O U G H O U T T H I S P E R I O D T O A V O I D A N Y S E R I O U S
C L A S H E S . T H E P A T R I O T I C F R O N T M I L I T A R Y C O M M A N D E R S A N D L I A I S E ! ; O F F I C E R S I
I H A VE B E E N O P E R A T I N G WI T H T H E M O N I T O R I N G F O R C E . T H E Z I P R A
C O M M A N D E R S I N P A R T I C U L A R H A V E B E E N S H O WI N G A S T R O N G C O M M I T M E N T T O
M A K I N G T H E C E A S E F I R E WO R K . Z I P R A F O R C E S H A V E B E E N R E S P O N S I B L E
F O R V E R Y F E U I N C I D E N T S O VE R T H E L A S T F E W D A Y S . A L L Q U O T E
O U T S T A N D I N G U N Q U O T E Z I P R A F O R C E S A R E N O W I N O R M O V I N G T O WA R D S
A S S E M B L Y C A M P S . T H E D E A D L I N E F O R T H E A S S E M B L Y P R C C E S S H A S B E R N
A P P L I E D F L E X I B L Y ? B U T I T H E N E C E S S I T Y F O R I M P O S I N G A D E A D L I N E WAS
D E M O N S T R A T E D 3 Y T H E F A C T T H A T I N T H E F I R S T S I X D A Y S O N L Y 5 , O D D
M E N A S S E M B L E . 1 2 , 0 0 0 A S S E M B L E D O R B E G A N T O A S S E M B L E I N T H E L A S T
2 4 H O U R S O F T H E F O R M A L A S S E M B L Y P E R I O D .
3. T H R O U G H O U T T H I S P E R I O D T H E R H O D E S I A N F O R C E S H A V E B E E N A C T I N G
S E N S I B L Y . D U R I N G T H E A S S E M B L Y P E R I O D T H E Y D I S E N G A G E D E F F E C T I V E L Y
F R O M C O N T A C T WI T H T H E P F F O R C E S (WI T H T H E I N E V I T A B L E R E S U L T T H A T
T H E S E C U R I T Y S I T U A T I O N | LN T H E C O U N T R Y D E T E R I O R A T E D ) . S I N C E T H E
A S S E M B L Y P E R I O D E N D E D O N 4 J A N U A R Y T H E Y H A V E O F N E C E S S I T Y ( S E E
B E L O W) B E E N D I R E C T E D 3 Y T H E G O V E R N O R T O R E -D E P L O Y I N V A R I O U S A R E A S ,
I N S U P P O R T O F T H E O V E R -S T R E T C H E D P O L I C E , T O R E S T O R E L A W A N D O R D E R ,
T H I S H A S H A D A G O O D E F F E C T O N T H E G E N E R A L L E V E L O F S E C U R I T Y , O N
S E V E R A L O C C A S I O N S T H E Y H A V E B E E N R E Q U I R E D T O S U P P O R T T H E P O L I C E
I N B E I N G R E A D Y T O D E A L WI T H R E C A L C I T R A N T G R O U P S O F Z A N L A . I N
S U C H C A S E S T H E Y H A V E B E H A V E D WI T H R E S T R A I N T A N D T H E P R O B L E M S H A V E
B E E N R E S O L V E D , S O M E T I M E . " O N L Y A F T E R 4 3 H O U
3
S , B Y T H E P F C O M M A N D E R S ,
I F T H E B R I T I S H M O N I T O R S , A N D T H E P O L I C E WO R K I N G T O G E T H E R .
4 . T H E U N S A T I S F A C T O R Y F E A T U R E S R E L A T E T C T H E B E H A V I O U R O F Z A N L A .
D E S P I T E T H E L A R G E N U M B E R WH O H A V E C O M E I N T O T N E A S S E M B L Y A R E A S ,
Z A N L A A R M E D G R O U P S , L A R G E A N D S M A L L , A R E S T I L L O P E R A T I N G . T H I S
H A S B E E N A C H I E V E D B Y L A R G E S C A L E I N F I L T R A T I O N A C R O S S T H E
M O Z A M B I Q U E B O R D E R (C O N T R A R Y T O T H E C E A S E F I R E ) , A N D 3Y S E N D I N G I N T O
I T H E A S S E M B L Y A R E A S A N U M B E R ( A S Y E T U N A S S E S S E D ) O F Y O U T H S F R O M
I N S I D E R H O D E S I A WH O H A V E N O T B E E N M E M B E R S O F Z A N L A A S S U C H ,
T H E E V I D E N C E I S T H A T Z A N U (M U G A B E ) I N T E N D T H A T T H E Q U O T E
O U T S T A N D I N G U N Q U O T E Z A N L A F O R C E S S H O U L D N O T (N O T ) R E S P O N D T O
T H E C E A S E F I R E . T H E D A N G E R O F C O N F L I C T R E M A I N S H I G H ,
F O R U S E A S N E C E S S A R Y
I U S E O F R H O D E S I A N F O R C E S
HH 5. T H E C E A S E F I R E A G R E E M E N T P R O V I D E S F O R R E C I P R O C A L D ! S E N G - A E N T AM D B
^LU T H A T I N T H E E V E N T O F S U S T A I N E D B R E A C H E S O F T H E A G R E E M E N T THE, GOVERNOR
HH M U S T U S E T H E F O R C E S WH I C H H A V E A C C E P T E D H I S A U T H O R I T Y . I T ! ' T
H| P O S S I B L E TO U S E A R M E D P F GROUPS' F R O M T H E A S S E M B L Y A R E A S TO V-'A L Hfl
' WI T H OTHER P F G R O U P S . I T HAS THER F C RE BEEN N E C E S S A R Y FOR TH E
^ GOVERNOR T O M A K E U S E O F T H E RHODES!AN F O R C E S , IN S U P P O R T C F Tl E
P O L I C E , T O H E L P C O N T A I N T H E G E N E R A L L E V E L OF V I O L E N C E I N T H E
C O U N T R Y , E S P E C I A L L Y I N T H E E A S T E R N H A L F , A N D TO DE R E A D Y T O D E A L
WI T H P A R T I C U L A R C A S E S C F R E C A L C I T R A N T G R O U P S A S T H E Y H A V E A R I S E N .
WE C O N T I N U E T O M O N I T O R T H E R H O D E S I A N F O R C E S I N T H E S E T A S K S .
R E T U R N O F T H E P A T R I O T I C F R O N T L E A D E R S
6. T H E R E T U R N O F T H E P A T R I O T I C F R O N T L E A D E R S HAS T O B E M A N A G E D
I N A WA Y WHICH R E D U C E S T H E V E R Y S E R I O U S P U B L I C O R D E R P R O B L E M S
WH I C H C O U L D A R I S E I F I T WE R E M I S H A N D L E D . N K O M O HAS W E L L U N D E R S T O O D
T H I S A N D H A S C O O P E R A T E D O V E R T H E D A T E C F H 1.3 O WN R E T U R N , AND O V E R
T H E A R R I V A L O F T H E V E R Y L A R G E N U M B E R S C F 2 A P U P O L I T I C A L WORKERS
R E T U R N I N G W I T H H I M . Z A P U L E A D E R S H A V E B E E N A R R I V I N G O N A L A R G E
S C A L E A L L WE E K A N D A L M O S T A L L O F T H E M A R E E X P E C T E D T O A R R I V E 3Y
T H E T I M E N K C M O C O M E S HERE O N S U N D A Y . T H E R E W I L L DE A M A J O R Z A P U
I R A L L Y H E L D I N S A L I S B U R Y O N S U N D A Y . A N O T H E R L A R G E Z A P U R A L L Y WA S
H E L D I N 3 U L A K A Y O L A S T W E E K E N D . R E I N T E G R A T I O N O F T H E Z A P U L E A D E R S
I N T O T H E P O L I T I C A L L I F E C F T H E C O U N T R Y I S W E L L U N D E R W A Y . S O
F A R A S Z A M U ( M U G A B E ) A R E C O N C E R N E D WE H A V E P R O B L E M S . A P A R T F R O M
T H O S E R E L A T I N G , A S D E S C R I B E D A B O V E , T O T H E C E A S E F I R E , W H I C H G I V E
R I S E T O A N X I E T Y A S T O W H E T H E R MUGABE S E R I O U S L Y M E A N S T O HONOUR
T H E L A N C A S T E R H O U S E A G R E E M E N T A N D C O N T E S T T H E E L E C T I O N P E A C A D L Y ,
Z A N U H A V E B E E N P R O P O S I N G T O F L Y I N L A R G E B O D I E S O F M E N W I T H O U T
P R O P E R C L E A R A N C E O R A D E Q U A T E I D E N T I F I C A T I O N . WE M U S T B E S A T I S F I E D
T H A T T H E S E A R E N O T Z A N L A P E R S O N N E L . A N A D V A N C E P A R T Y O F
Z A N U P O L I T I C A L L E A D E R S A R R I V E S I N S A L I S B U R Y T O D A Y . WE HAVE
O F F E R E D T O M A K E A R R A N G E M E N T S F O R T H E R E T U R N C F T O N S C G A R A ' S BODY A N D
H I S 3 U R I A L A T 3 E L U K WE . T H E T I M I N G C F M U G A B E ' S R E T U R N W I L L BE
D E C I D E D I N C O N S U L T A T I O N W I T H H I M .
S O U T H A F R I C A N F O R C E S
7 . WE H A V E A N N O U N C E D T H A T S O U T H A F R I C A N F O R C E S A R E I N V O L V E D WI T H
MY A G R E E M E N T I N T H E P R O T E C T I O N O F B O T H E N D S O F B E I T B R I D G E , W H I C H
I S A C O M M U N I C A T I O N S L I N K O F E S S E N T I A L I M P O R T A N C E T O R H O D E S I A -
A N D S O U T H A F R I C A ( A S W E L L A S T O Z A M B I A A N D Z A I R E ) . T H E Y A R E
P R E S E N T O N R H O D E S I A N T E R R I T O R Y F O R T H E S O L E P U R P O S E O F T H E P R O T E C T I O N
O F T H E B R I D G E . T H I S I S F U L L Y C O M P A T I B L E W I T H T H E U N D E R S T A N D I N G A T
L A N C A S T E R H O U S E T H A T T H E R E S H O U L D 3E N O I N T E R V E N T I O N B Y E X T E N A L
F O R C E S I N R H O D E S I A . T H E F U T U R E O F T H E U N I T A T 5EI T8RI D G E WI L L BE
A M A T T E R F O R T H E I N D E P E N D E N C E G O V E R N M E N T T O D E C I D E . T H E R E ARE NO
WM C H T E R S O U T H A F R I C A N F O R C E S I N R H O D E S I A , T H O U G H T H E R E A R E A f:l E E U
m'A C F S O U T H A F R I C A N S A N D O T H E R N A T I O N A L I T I E S IN T H E R H O D E S I A N F O R C E S .
WE H A V E S T A T E D T H R O U G H O U T T H E L A N C A S T E R H O U S E C O N F E R E N C E T. 7 B E j
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S I N C E 28 D E C E M B E R 1
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TO IMMED IATE MAPUTO \\ I
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IN FO IMMED IATE FCO LU S AK A D AR ES SALAAM WASH IN G TO N
P R IO R ITY U K MIS NEW YO R K AN D G ABO R O N E I
R H O D ES I As ZAN U I
1 WE AR E NOW B EG IN N IN G MORE FU LLY TO AS S ES S TH E EXTEN T O F
C O MP LIAN C E B Y ZAN LA WITH TH E LAN C AS TER H O USE AG R EEMEN TS . OUR
G EN ER AL C O N C LU SIO N S AR E TH ATe
(A) TH ER E H AS B EEN LAR G E -S C ALE C R O S S -B O R D ER MO VEMEN T FR O M MO ZAMB IQUE
S IN C E 2 1 D ECEMB ER (P R O B AB LY O F TH E O R D ER O F 3 -4 0 0 0 M E N ):
(B ) TH ER E I S A GOOD D EAL O F EVID EN C E TH AT ZAN LA H AVE IN S TR U C TED
A S I G N I FI C AN T P R O P O R TIO N O F TH EIR FO R C ES TO R EMAIN O U TS ID E TH E I
C E AS E -F I R E P R O C ESS FO R P U R P O SES O F P O LI TI C AL I N TI M I D ATI O N .
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2 . ZAN U H AVE B EEN TR YIN G TO MAK E UP TH E N UMB ER S IN TH E CAMP S B Y
B R IN G IN G IN " M U J I B A S " (YO U TH S ), IT SEEMS C LEAR TH AT TH E IR I \
O B JEC TIVE IS TO G ET AS MAN Y AS P O S S IB LE O F TH EIR FO R C ES FR O M I
MO ZAMBIQUE IN TO R H O D ESIA IR R E S P E C TIVE O F TH E R EQ U IR EMEN TS O F TH E
C E AS E -F I R E AG R EEMEN TI B UT TO AS S EMB LE LAR G E EN O UG H N UMBER S (R E P E AT I
N U MB ER S) IN TH E AS S EMB LY AR EAS TO AVO ID B EIN G EXC LU D ED FR O M TH E
E LE C TI O N S . Ml FT G IVES D E TAILS O F R EP O R TED ZAN LA MO VEMEN TS FR O M -I
MO ZAMB IQ U E.
3 . U N LESS YO U S EE O B JE C TI O N , G R ATEFU L I F YO U WOULD NOW AP P R O ACH
TH E M0 ZAM3 IC AN AU TH O R ITIES AN D E XP LAI N TO TH EM TH E B AS I S FO R OUR
C O N C ER N . I TH IN K YO U SH O ULD TAK E TH EM TH R O UG H ALL TH E S P E C I F I C
IN STAN C ES O F C R O S S -B O R D ER MO VEMEN T IN D IC ATED IN M I P T.
4 . P LEAS E EMP H AS IS E STR O N G LY TO TH E MO ZAMB ICAN S TH AT IT IS MY
D ES IR E TO MO VE AS SO O N AS P O S S IB LE TO TH E N O R MALIS ATIO N O F
R ELATIO N S WITH MO ZAMB IQ U E. TH I S WILL B E EXTR EMELY D I F F I C U LT
WH ILE C R O S S -B O R D ER MO VEMEN T C O N TIN U ES ON AN YTH IN G L I K E TH I S
S C ALE . IT IS IN B O TH OUR IN TER ES TS TO O VER CO ME TH ES E P R O B LEMS .
YOU SH O ULD EMP H AS IS E TH AT WE AR E ALSO CO N CER N ED ABO UT
(A) TH E C O N TIN U IN G IN FLAMMATO R Y TO N E O F " VO I C E O F Z I M B AB WE "
B R O AD C AS TS , AN D
(3 ) WE MUST SEC U R E TH E R ELEAS E O F TH E ZAN U D E TAI N E E S .
5 . AG AIN S T TH IS B ACK G R O U N D , WE H O PE TO P ER MIT TH E G R AD U AL,
R EP EAT G R AD U AL. R ETUR N O F ZAN U P O LI TI C AL P ER SO N N EL WHEN WE
CONFIDENTIAL /RECEIVE
C O NF I D E NT I A L
RECEI VE ADEQUATE NOTI FI CATI ON AND I DENTI FI CATI ON. THI S WI LL HAVE
TO BE RELATED, HOWEVER, TO THE RESOLUTION OF THESE DI F F I CUL T I ES ^
6 . FOR YOUR BACKGROUND I NFORMATI ON, OUR WHOLE PURPOSE IS TO AVOI D,
REPEAT AVOI D, HAVING TO TAKE ACTION WHICH WOULD AMOUNT TO
EXCLUDING ZANU FROM THE ELECTI ONS. BUT IT SI MPLY WI LL NOT BE
POSSI BLE TO SECURE THE CONTINUING COOPERATION OF THE RHODESIAN
AUTHORI TI ES (OR OF THE OTHER POLI TI CAL PARTI ES) I F ZANU AND ZANLA
ARE PERMITTED TO GET AWAY WITH EXTENSI VE BREACHES OF THE CEASE-
FI RE AGREEMENT AND WITH PLANS TO CONTINUE OVER THE NEXT FEW WEEKS
TO EVADE THE OBLI GATI ONS IMPOSED ON THEM BY I T. WE THEREFORE HAVE
NO OPTION BUT TO ADOPT A STEP-BY -STEP APPROACH TO THE QUESTION
OF THE RETURN OF ZANU POLI TI CAL PERSONNEL TO ENABLE US* TO MA I NT I AN
PRESSURE ON ZANU TO COMPLY.
7 . HONWANA I S BEI NG FULLY BRI EFED AND WE UNDERSTAND THAT HE WI LL
BE REPORTING TO PRESI DENT MACHEL,
8. ON THI S OCCASI ON, AND IN ANY FURTHER EXCHANGES ON THI S SUBJECT, I
PLEASE MAKE IT CLEAR THAT WE HAVE NO DOUBT THAT THE MOZAMBICANS
ARE DOING THEI R BEST TO HEL P, AS THEY DID THROUGHOUT THE
LANCASTER HOUSE NEGOTI ATI ONS. WE HAVE A SHARED DESI RE TO GET THE I
BORDER OPENED AND NORMAL RELATI ONS ESTABLI SHED. BUT WE MUST LOOK
TO THEM TO PUT MORE EFFECTI VE PRESSURE ON ZANU.
FCO PASS ALL
SOAMES
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P US D P S / MR L U G E
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(MR F R E E L A ND ) MI S S BROWN
(MR F T J F OOT ) MR D A T
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1. P L E A S E C O N T AC T N K O MO AS S O O N A S P O S S I B L E AN D T E L L H I M TH AT WE
AN D TH E B S A P A R E A N XI O U S TO E N S U R E TH AT TH E AR R AN G E M E N T S FO R H I S
R E TU R N A R E A S D I G N I F I E D A S P O S S I B L E AN D T H AT T H E Y P R E S E N T T H E
M I N I M U M R I S K O F D I S C O M F O R T O R WO R S E FO R H I M S E L F AMD H I S S U P P O R T E R S .
WE K N O W TH AT A VE R Y L A R G E C R O WD WI L L WI S H TO G R E E T H I M AN D T H AT
i Z AP U AR E O R G A N I S I N G A M AS S R A L L Y FO R T H I S P U R P O S E AT T H E Z I M B AB WE
F O O T B A L L G R O U N D I N H I G H F I E L D S .
2. O U R M A I N C O N C E R N I S WI TH T H E AR R AN G E M E N T S AT T H E A I R P O R T AN D
FO R T R A N S F E R R I N G N K O MO B E T WE E N TH E A I R P O R T AN D H I G H F I E L D S . T H E
A I R P O R T I T S E L F I S , A S N K O MO K N O WS , VE R Y B A D L Y L A I D O U T F R O M TH E P O I N T
CF VI E W O F C R O WD C O N T R O L . E VE N TH E R E L A T I VE L Y S M A L L C R O WD (1 0 , 0 0 0 j
O R 30) WH O TU R N E D O U T TO M E E T T H E P F M I L I T A R Y L E A D E R S O N B O XI N G D AY
P R E S E N T E D T H E P O L I C E WI TH M AJ O R P R O B L E M S AN D A G O O D D E A L O F D AM AG E
I WAS D O N E . P A S S E N G E R S 'T R Y I N G TO G E T TO AN D F R O M TH E A I R P O R T WER E j
I. S E R I O U S L Y I N C O N VE N I E N C E D AN D AL AR M E D AN D A G O O D D E A L O F U N N E C E S S A R Y
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AL S O L E D TO D I F F I C U L T I E S .
P R O G R E S S O F A R O AD C O N VO Y
M I L I T A R Y L E A D E R S BY R O AD I N TO S A L I S B U R Y
E VE N A G O O D -H U M O U R E D C R O WD C A N M AK E
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TH E A I R P O R T WI L L TR Y TO AC C O M P AN Y N K Q MO TO H I G H F I E L D S I F H E T R A V E L ^ I
TH E R E B Y R O A D . H O W L O N G T H I S C O U L D T A K E I S A N YO N E 'S G U E S S , T H E ^
WI L L I N E VI T A B L Y S E E K TO S LO W D O WN T H E P R O G R E S S O F TH E C O N VO Y AN D
IT WI L L B E VE R Y D I F F I C U L T FO R T H E P O L I C E TO C L E A R TH E R O AD WI TH O U T
R E S O R T I N G TO M E A S U R E S WH I C H TH E Y WO U LD P R E F E R N O T TO U S E .
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4. FO R A L L T H E S E R E A S O N S WE WO U LD WI S H TO U R G E O N NKOMo' TH AT H E
C O N S I D E R T H E P O S S I B I L I T Y O F T R A N S F E R R I N G F R O M TH E A I R P O R T TO
H i G H F I E L D S B Y H E L I C O P T E R . T H I S WO U LD M E AN T H AT T H E A D VA N C E I
P U B L I C I T Y C O U L D F O C U S TH E A T T E N T I O N O F Z AP U S U P P O R T E R S O N T H E
Z I M B AB WE F O O T B A L L G R O U N D AN D S E E K TO D I S C O U R A G E TH E M AS F AR AS
P O S S I B L E F R O M T U R N I N G U P AT T H E A I R P O R T (T H O U G H S O M E WI L L
I N E VI T A B L Y D O S O I N AMY C A S E ). N K O MO WO U LD B E A B L E TO M AK E H I S
A P P E A R A N C E AT H I GHFI E L D S WI TH TH E M AXI M U M D R A M A T I C EFFORT AN D TH E
M I N I M U M R I S K E I T H E R O F D E L A Y O R O F S O M E U N TO WAR D I N C I D E N T . A S M A L L
j P AR TY OF Z AP U O F F I C I A L S (S A Y 10 O R S O ) C O U L D B E O N TH E TAR M AC TO
G R E E T H I M AT TH E A I R P O R T AN D H E C O U LD G I VE A P R E S S C O N F E R E N C E
T H E R E I F H E WI S H E D TO D O S O B E F O R E M O VI N G TO H I G H F I E L D S .
5. WE H O P E H E WI L L A G R E E TO F O L L O W T H I S C O U R S E AN D TO C H AR T E R A
C O M M E R C I AL H E L I C O P T E R FO R TH E P U R P O S E . S U B J E C T TO A V A I L A B I L I T Y , . WE
I C O U LD I N T H E L A S T R E S O R T C O N S I D E R O F F E R I N G A M O N I T O R I N G F O R C E
H E L I C O P T E R FO R T H E P U R P O S E , B U T S H O U L D P R E F E R TO A VO I D T H I S I F
P O S S I B L E . YO U S H O U L D MO T R P T N O T VO L U N T E E R T H I S TO N K O M O .
| 6. T H E R E AR E TWO O TH E R P O I N T S WE WI S H TO M AK E I N T H I S C O N N E C T I O N : -
(A ) A Z AP U S P O K E S M A N I N S A L I S B U R Y H AS S A I D THAT N K O MO WI L L B E
I AC C O M P AN I E D B Y 100 F E M A L E G U E R R I L L A S . WE AS S U M E T H I S I S WR O N G , AN D
: j S U G G E S T T H A T Z AP U I S S U E A D E N I A L . WE H O P E I T I S U N D E R S TO O D T H A T
AN Y S T A F F T R A VE L L I N G WI TH N K O MO M U S T B E C I V I L I A N S AN D TH E Y WI L L
H AVE TO G O TH R O U G H N O R M AL I M M I G R A T I O N P R O C E D U R E S . Mm
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TH AT M O M -R H O D E S I A N S WI L L B E E XP E C T E D TO R E F R A I N F R O M P O L I T I C A L
A C T I VI T Y I N R H O D E S I A I N T H I S P E R I O D . WE S H A L L H AVE TO C O N S I D E R
HOW TO S Q U AR E T H I S WI TH WH ATE VE R S T A T U S N K O MO I S P R O P O S I N G FO R 1
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LEGAL ADVI SERS LORD N G LENNOX
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A N D T O I M M E D I A T E S L A I S B U R Y N A I R O B I M A P U T O G A B O R O N E D A R E S S A L A A M
L U A N D A L A G O S WA S H I N G T O N P R E T O R I A A D D I S A B A B A M O N R O V I A C A N B E R R A
O T T A WA WE L L I N G T O N P R I O R I T Y P E K I N G M O S C O W P R A G U E D A K A R K I N S H A S A
K H A R T O U M T O K Y O E E C P O S T S K U WA I T K I N G S T O N B R I D G E T O WN D A C C A N E W D E L H I
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N U K U A L O F A V I C T O R I A T A R A WA U K D E L N A T O S O F I A B U D A P E S T B U C H A R E S T
E A S T B E R L I N B E L G R A D E C A I R O A L G I E R S T U N I S T R I P O L I R A B A T T E H R A N
1
R H O D E S i A
1 . YO U S H O U L D T A K E E V E R Y O P P O R T U N I T Y T O S T R E S S T H E C O N S I D E R A B L E
H
I
A C H I E V E M E N T S O F T H E G O V E R N O R ' S A D M I N I S T R A T I O N I N R H O D E S I A S I N C E
L O R D 3 0 A M E S A R R I V E D F O U R WE E K S A G O , A N D I N T H E T H R E E WE E K S S I N C E
T H E L A N C A S T E R H O U S E A G R E E M E N T WAS S I G N E D .
2 . D E P L O Y M E N T O F T H E M O N I T O R I N G F O R C E A N D T H E ' A S S E M B L Y P R O C E S S
H H V E G O N E A H E A D R E M A R K A B L Y WE L L A N D S O M E 2 0 , 0 0 0 M E M B E R S O F T H E P F
F O R C E S H A V E A S S E M B L E D (T H O U G H Z A N L A ' S B E H A V I O U R C O N T I N U E S T O C A U S E
I C O N C E R N S S E E B E L O W ). T H E C E A S E -F I R E C O M M I S S I O N I S F U N C T I O N I N G W E L L .
E F F E C T I V E C R O S S -B O R D E R L I A I S O N H A S B E E N E S T A B L I S H E D WI T H M O Z A M B I Q U E ,
A N D Z A M B I A A N D T O A M O R E L I M I T E D E X T E N T , WI T H B O T S WA N A .
1 . 3 . D A T E S H A V E B E E N S E T . F O R E L E C T I O N S ( 2 7 - 2 9 F E B R U A R Y ) A N D
A R R A N G E M E N T S M A D E F O R T H E R E G I S T R A T I O N O F P A R T I E S A N D N O M I N A T I O N O F
I CA N D I D A T E S , T H E E L E C T I O N C O M M I S S I O N E R A N D H I S S T A F F A R E S U P E R V I S I N G
T H E P R E P A R A T I O N S F O R T H E E L E C T I O N S , A N D W I L L B E D E P L O Y E D R O U N D T H E
C O U N T R Y B Y T H E E N D O F T H E M O N T H . T H E B A N O N Z A N U A N D Z A P U WAS
L I F T E D I M M E D I A T E L Y A F T E R S I G N A T U R E O F T H E L A N C A S T E R H O U S E A G R E E M E N T S s
T H E P R I N C I P A L M E M B E R S O F B O T H P A R T I E S W I L L B E R E T U R N I N G T O R H O D E S I A
O VE R T H E N E X T F E W D A Y S . O F T H E P A R T Y L E A D E R S , N K O M O R E T U R N S O N
1 3 J A N U A R Y : M U G A B E H A S N O T Y E T I N F O R M E D U S O F H I S PI A M S .
* *
CO N FID EN TIAL I
4. C O N S I D E R A B L E P R O G R E S S H A S B E E N M A D E T O WA R D S N O R M A L I S I N G R H O D E S I A ' S
R E L A T I O N S WI T H I T S N E I G H B O U R S . B O T H M O Z A M B I Q U E A M D Z A M B I A H A V E
E S T A B L I S H E D L I A I S O N O F F I C E S I N S A L I S B U R Y A N D A C T I O N H A S B E G U N O N T H E
I , R E O P E N I N G O F B O R D E R C R O S S I N G P O I N T S A N D T H E R E S U M P T I O N O F A I R
S E R V I C E S . M A I Z E S H I P M E N T S T O Z A M B U R E S U M E D I M M E D I A T E L Y A F T E R T H E
G O V E R N O R ' S A R R I V A L . O T H E R B I L A T E R A L P R O B L E M S A R E B E I N G D I S C U S S E D
3/ R H O D E S I A N O F F I C I A L S WI T H T H E I R C O U N T E R P A R T S . A M E E T I N G H A S B E E N
H E L D I N L O N D O N A T T E N D E D B Y R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S O F T H E F R O N T -L I N E
S T A T E S , T H E R H O D E S I A N A U T H O R I T I E S , T H E P F , U N H C R A N D I C R C T O S E T T L E
T H E A R R A N G E M E N T S F O R T H E R E T U R N O F R E F U G E E S . I T I S H O P E D T H A T A
S T A R T WI L L B E M A D E I N T H E S E C O N D H A L F C F J A N U A R Y . A N U M B E R O F O T H E R
C O U N T R I E S , I N C L U D I N G T H E U S , A U S T R A L I A , F R A N C E , G E R M A N Y , I T A L Y ,
I N D I A , G R E E C E A N D P O R T U G A L H A V E O P E N E D O R A R E C O N T E M P L A T I N G O P E I N I N G
O F F I C E S I N S A L I S B U R Y S H O R T L Y .
3. W I T H I N T H E C O U N T R Y M O S T C E N S O R S H I P P R O V I S I O N S H A V E B E E N L I F T E D ,
P E R S O N S L I S T E D A S P R O H I B I T E D I M M I G R A N T S B Y T H E F O R M E R R E G I M E
A R E N O W F R E E T O R E -A P P L Y F O R E N T R Y A N D T H E I R C A S E S A R E B E I N G G I V E N
S Y M P A T H E T I C C O N S I D E R A T I O N . R E S T R I C T I O N S P R E V I O U S L Y I M P O S E D O N T H E
E N T R Y O F U O U R N A L I S T S H A V E B E E N L I F T E D . A G E N E R A L A M N E S T Y H A S B E E N
D E C L A R E D . T H E G R E A T M A J O R I T Y O F P E R S O N S D E T A I N E D U N D E R E M E R G E N C Y
P O WE R S H A V E E E E N R E L E A S E D A N D T H E C A S E S C F T H E R E M A I N D E R A R E B E I N G
R E V I E W E D . T H E N U M B E R O F M A R T I A L L A W D E T A I N E E S I S B E I N G R E D U C E D .
1 . M A R T I A L L A W C O U R T S H A VE B E E N S U S P E N D E D , M A R T I A L L A W I T S E L F WI L L B E
L I F T E D I F T H E C E A S E -F I R E I S F U L L Y E F F E C T I V E , Z R B C H A S
U N D E R T A K E N T O P R O V I D E I M P A R T I A L A N D B A L A N C E D C O V E R A G E O F ' P O L I T I C A L
A C T I V I T I E S D U R I N G T H E E L E C T I O N C A M P A I G N A N D T O G I V E A C C E S S T O A L L
P A R T I E S P A R T I C I P A T I N G I N T H E E L E C T I O N . , A S E N I O R M E M B E R O F T H E
B B C I S I N R H O D E S I A F O R D I S C U S S I O N S WI T H Z R B C .
I . 6. T H I S I S A F O R M I D A B L E C A T A L O G U E O F C H A N G E F O R A S H O R T P E R I O D .
T H E R E A R E I N E V I T A B L Y S T I L L S O M E P R O B L E M S T O B E O V E R C O M E . B U T T H E Y
S H O U L D B E K E P T I N P R O P O R T I O N , A N D C O N S I D E R E D A G A I N S T T H E B A C K G R O U N D
O F WH A T H A S B E E N A C H I E V E D . A B A S I S F O R F R E E A N D F A I R E L E C T I O N S H A S
B E E N E S T A B L I S H E D . T H E S I T U A T I O N MO W S H O U L D B E C O N T R A S T E D WI T H T H A T
WH I C H A L M O S T C E R T A I N L Y WO U L D H A V E P R E V A I L E D H A D T H E
C O N S T I T U T I O N A L C O N F E R E N C E N O T S U C C E E D E D .
7. I N D E A L I N G WI T H S P E C I F I C C R I T I C I S M S YO U S H O U L D M A K E T H E F O L L O WI N G
P O I N T S :
( ! ) WH Y H A S T H E G O V E R N O R U S E D R H O D E S I A N S E C U R I T Y F O R C E S I N S U P P O R T
O F T H E P O L I C E ?
I I
1
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* C O N FID EN TIAL '
* .
'
#
' C O N FID EN TIAL I
I
I
TH E R E H AVE U N F O R T U N A T E L Y B E E N A N U M B E R O F B R E A C H E S O F TH E
C E A S E -F I R E M O S T L Y B Y Z A N L A . T H E S E H AVE I N C L U D E D I L L E G A L
C R O S S -B O R D E R M O VE M E N T , I N T I M I D A T I O N AN D L A WL E S S N E S S . Z AN L A F O R C E S
E X P L O I T E D TH E A S S E M B L Y P R O C E S S TO P O L I T I C I Z E TH E R U R AL P O P U L A T I O N
AN D E XE R T M AXI M U M P O L I T I C A L P R E S S U R E O N T H E M . A P R O P O R T I O N O F
Z AN L A F O R C E S H AVE S T I L L N O T A S S E M B L E D , A P A R A G R A P H 11 O F TH E
C E A S E -F I R E AG R E E M E N T E N VI S A G E S TH E G O VE R N O R T A K I N G A C T I O N O N
B R E A C H E S O F TH E C E A S E -F I R E Q U O TE WI TH TH E F O R C E S WH I C H H AVE
A C C E P T E D H I S A U T H O R I T Y U N Q U O T E . I N P R A C T I C E , TH E G O VE R N O R H AS U S E D
P f C O M M AN D E R S TO E N C O U R AG E A L L E L E M E N T S O F T H E I R F O R C E S TO A S S E M B L E .
H A N U M B E R O F C A S E S S I N C E TH E E N D O F TH E A S S E M B L Y P R O C E S S I N WH I C H
TH E P O L I C E H AVE B E E N U N A B L E , O N T H E I R O WN , TO D E AL WI TH I N C I D E N T S ,
TH E G O VE R N O R H AS A U T H O R I S E D TH E S E C U R I T Y F O R C E S TO S U P P O R T T H E M .
T H E I R O R D E R S H A VE , H O WE VE R , B E E N WH E R E P O S S I B L E TO P E R S U A D E O R
C O M P E L TH E G R O U P S C O N C E R N E D TO A S S E M B L E WI TH O U T T H E I R A R M S , AN D TO
U S E F O R C E O N L Y I F T H I S I S R E S I S T E D . I F P R E S S E D O N WH Y TH E G O VE R N O R
H ^S N O T U S E D P A T R I O T I C F R O N T F O R C E S I N S U C H I N C I D E N T S , YO U S H O U L D
S AY T H AT T H E I R U S E I S N O T E XC L U D E D U N D E R TH E C E A S E -F I R E A G R E E M E N T , .
B U T T H AT I T I S FO R TH E G O VE R N O R TO D E C I D E I N E AC H C A S E WH AT A C T I O N
I S M O S T A P P R O P R I A T E . T H E R E AR E O B VI O U S D I F F I C U L T I E S I N T R YI N G TO
D E P L O Y P A T R I O T I C F R O N T F O R C E S O F O N E WI N G O R TH E O TH E R A G A I N S T
R E C A L C I T R A N T G U E R R I L L A S .
( I I ) I S I T N O T TH E C A S E T H A T TH E R H O D E S I AN A U X I L I A R I E S AR E
I G N O R I N G TH E C E A S E -F I R E ?
I \ "
TH E A U X I L I A R I E S C O M E U N D E R TH E C O M M AN D O F TH E R H O D E S I A N M I L I T A R Y
C O M M AN D E R S WH O AR E R E S P O N S I B L E FO R E N S U R I N G TH AT T H E Y O B S E R VE TH E
C E A S E -F I R E . AN Y R E P O R T S T H A T T H E Y H AVE B R E A C H E D TH E C E A S E -F I R E
C AN B E R A I S E D B Y TH E P A T R I O T I C F R O N T 'S R E P R E S E N T A T I VE O N TH E
C E A S E -F I R E C O M M I S S I O N AN D WI L L E E I N VE S T I G A T E D AN D D E A L T WI T H ,
( i l l ) WH Y AR E S O U TH A F R I C A N F O R C E S S T I L L P R E S E N T I N TH E C O U N T R Y?
- I WE H AVE C O N S I S T E N T L Y M AD E C L E A R T H AT WE D O N O T E N VI S A G E AM Y E XT E R N A L
\ I N T E R VE N T I O N I N R H O D E S I A U N D E R TH E G O VE R N O R . T H I S A P P L I E S TO A L L
\ O U T S I D E F O R C E S . TH E O N L Y F O R C E S I N R H O D E S I A I N T H I S P E R I O D WI L L B E
\ TH E R H O D E S I A N F O R C E S AN D TH E P A T R I O T I C F R O N T F O R C E S . H O WE VE R ,
'T H E B R I D G E A C R O S S TH E R I VE R AT E E I T B R I D G E I S O F VI T A L I M P O R T AN C E
T
I 3 /
I CONFIDENTIAL
I ' -CONFIDENTIAL I
TO TH E E C O N O M I E S O F R H O D E S I A AN D N E I G H B O U R I N G C O U N T R I E S , I N C L U D I N G
VS A F R I C A AN D D AM AG E TO I T C O U L D H AVE VE R Y S E R I O U S C O N S E Q U E N C E S .
TH E R E H AVE B E E N C O N T I N U I N G B R E A C H E S O F TH E C E A S E -F I R E I N TH E AR E A
N E AR TH E B R I D G E . TH E G O VE R N O R H AS A G R E E D T H AT A S M A L L S O U TH
A F R I C A N C O N T I N G E N T S H O U L D B E S T A T I O N E D AT TH E R H O D E S I AN E N D O F TH E
B R I D G E . TH E C O N T I N G E N T I S P R E S E N T U N I Q U E L Y FO R TH E D E F E N C E O F TH E
B R I D G E , AMD WI L L R E M A I N I N I T S V I C I N I T Y .
TH E R E AR E I N D E E D S O U TH A F R I C A N S , AN D O TH E R N A T I O N A L I T I E S , I N TH E
I.. R H O D E S I AN F O R C E S , AS T H E R E AR E VA R I O U S N A T I O N A L I T I E S F I G H T I N G
WI TH TH E P A T R I O T I C F R O N T 'S F O R C E S . ( P R E S I D E N T M AC H E L H AS A D M I T T E D
TH AT TH E R E AR E 5 0 0 M O ZAM 31 C AN TR O O P S WI TH TH E P F . ) WE H AVE AL WAYS
M AD E C L E A R T H AT T H E R E WI L L B E N O Q U O TE P U R G E U N Q U O TE O F TH E
F O R C E S O F E I T H E R S I D E D U R I N G TH E I N T E R I M P E R I O D , AN D T H AT A L L TH E
E L E M E N T S O F B O T H F O R C E S WI L L - B E R E S P O N S I B L E TH R O U G H T H E I R C O M M AN D E R S
TO TH E G O VE R N O R FO R TH E O B S E R VA N C E O F TH E C E A S E -F I R E . YO U
S H O U L D D R AW F U R T H E R AS A P P R O P R I A T E O N S A L I S B U R Y T E L N O 2 0 TO L U S A K A .
(I V ) WH Y H AS TH E R E T U R N O F P F L E A D E R S H I P TO R H O D E S I A B E E N D E L A YE D ?
TH E R E H AVE B E E N N O S I G N I F I C A N T D E L A Y S , B U T WE H AVE H AD TO AS K
Z AP U AN D Z AN U TO G I VE U S 43 H O U R S N O T I C E O F TH E R E TU R N O F TH E M E M B E R S -
S O T H AT A P P R O P R I A T E A R R A N G E M E N T S C O U L D B E M AD E FO R S E C U R I T Y,
C R O WD C O N TR O L E T C . N K O MO H I M S E L F P R O P O S E D TH E D ATE O F 1 3 J A N U A R Y
I FO R H I S O WN R E T U R N (A F T E R WE H AD E X P L A I N E D TH E 6 J A N U A R Y C O U L D
C A U S E P U B L I C O R D E R P R O B L E M S B E C A U S E O F A R A L L Y A R R A N G E D B Y
B I S VH O P M U Z O R E WA. TH E D E L A Y O F A WEEK WAS N K O M O 'S O WN D E C I S I O N .
AL M O S T A L L Z A P U AN D Z AN U O F F I C I A L S WI L L R E T U R N WI T H I N TH E N E XT
FE W D A YS , T H E R E I S N O Q U E S T I O N O F O U R T R YI N G TO K E E P O U T , N E XT
TWO WO R D S U N D E R L I N E D , B O N A F I D E P O L I T I C A L M E M B E R S (TH O U G H TH E C E A S E
F i R E A G R E E M E N T S E XC L U D E D M I L I T A R Y P E R S O N N E L ). M U G AB E H AS
. N O T TO L D TH E G O VE R N O R WH EN H E WI S H E S TO R E T U R N .
(V) TH E G O VE R N O R / T H E B R I T I S H G O VE R N M E N T A R E B I A S E D TO WAR D S B I S H O P
M U Z O R E WA.
I H OOMFin^lTIAl
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WE A R E C O M M I T T E D T O E N S U R I N G S T R I C T C O M P L I A N C E WI T H T H E A G R E E M E N T S
S I G N E D A T L A N C A S T E R H O U S E , T H E G O V E R N O R ' S D E C I S I O N S A R E F U L L I N
A C C O R D A N C E WI T H T H O S E A G R E E M E N T S A N D D O N O T F A V O U R O N E S I D E O R T H E
O T H E R . (T H E R E H A V E B E E N E X A M P L E S WH E R E H E H A S G O N E O U T O F H I S WAY
TO H E L P T H E P A T R I O T I C F R O N T E G E Y C H A N G I N G T H E L A W O R R E G I S T R A T I O N
O F P A R T I E S WH E N Z A P U F A I L E D T O R E G I S T E R B Y T H E D E A D L I N E , A N D B Y '
- B E I N G F L E X I B L E O VE R T H E P E R I O D A L L O WE D F O R T H E A S S E M B L Y O F P F
F O R C E S .
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B E G I N S .

I TH I N K TH AT WE H AVE B E E N E XP O S E D TO ALL TH E MAJO R P A R T I E S I N TH E
A I S S U E O F ZIM B AB WE AN D I MU S T AD M I T TH AT I AM Q U I TE C O N C E R N E D
1 AB O U T TH E WAY TH I N G S AR E G O I N G . AS T I M I N G HAS 3 E E N G O IMG O N * I
/ TH I N K T H E R E 'S B E E N A R A P I D D E TE R I O R I AT I O N O F TH E S I T U A T I O N ,
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P R E S I D E N T TO D AY, TH AT U N L E S S T H I S C H AN G E T AK E S P L A C E , TH AT TH E
WH O LE F U L F I L M E N T O F TH E LAN C AS TE R H O U S E S E TTLE M E N T I S IN J E O P AR D Y.
WH IC H I TH I N K WO U LD B E P A R T I C U L A R L Y T R AG I C B E C AU S E I D O N O T TH I N K
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AN D SO FAR TH AT I S N O T TH E C A S E .
Q U E S TI O N : AR E YO U Q U E S TI O N I N G TH E I M P A R T I A L I T Y O F LO R D S O AM E S
IN TH E AD M I N I S TR ATI O N O F LAN C AS TE R H O U S E AG R E E M E N T?
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I N VO L VI N G , FO R E XA M P L E , D E P LO YM E N T O F R H O D E S I AN F O R C E S AN D N O T
U N D E R TAK E TH E S I M P L E P R O C E S S O F C A L L I N G U P JO S H U A N K O MO O N TH E
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YO U AR E O P E N I N G YO U R S E L F TO A S I T U AT I O N I N WH IC H JO S H U A N K O MO
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TH AT M R . N K O MO H AS B E E N H E R E H E H AS N O T R E C E I VE D O N E C A L L FR O M
TH E G O VE R N O R . AN D I D O N 'T C AR E WH ETH ER TH E Y AR E T A L K I N G AB O U T
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M AS S AC H U S E TTS , LAC K O F C O M M U N I C ATI O N I S F A T A L . AN Y LO C AL
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TH E O F F I C I A L S H E R E AN D TH E S U S P I C I O N , AN D D 0 U 3 T AN D Q U E S TI O N I N G
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o f t h e P r i m e M i n i s t e r ' s m e e t i n g s w i t h B i s h o p
M u z o r e w a a n d w i t h M e s s r s M u ga b e a n d Nk omo on
t h e m o r n i n g o f 21 D e c e mb e r . T h i s l a p s e
o c c u r r e d p a r t l y b e c a u s e o f t h e o n s e t t h e s a me
e v e n i n g o f t h e h o l i d a y s e a s o n a n d p a r t l y
* b e c a u s e t h e F o r e i g n a n d C o mmo n wea l t h S e c r e t a r y
s a i d a t o n e s t a g e i n t h e c o u r s e o f t h e s e c o n d
I m e e t i n g t h a t : n o r e c o r d w o u l d b e ma d e. .'I
} C l e a r l y y o u s h o u l d h a v e s ome a c c o u n t o f
I b o t h m e e t i n g s f o r y o u r r e c o r d s . T h i s s eems t h e
| mo r e d e s i r a b l e s i n c e M r . M u ga b e ha s r e f e r r e d
I t o h i s m e e t i n g i n h i s l e t t e r t o t h e P r i m e
M i n i s t e r o f 8 J a n u a r y . I am t h e r e f o r e e n c l o s - . '.
i n g b r i e f n o t e s , i n t h e s h a p e o f l e t t e r s t o y o u ,
V o n e a c h m e e t i n g .
R . M . J . L y n e , E s q . ,
F o r e i g n a n d C o mmo n wea l t h ' O f f i c e : ' '
I ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ I
wsB
l O DOWNI NG STREET
From the Private Secretary 9 J a n u a r y 1 9 8 0
)
C A L L B Y M E S S R S . M U G A B E AND NK OMQ
M r . J o s h u a Nk omo a n d M r . R o b e r t M u ga b e c a l l e d o n t h e P r i m e
M i n i s t e r h e r e o n t h e m o r n i n g o f F r i d a y 2 1 D e c e mb e r . T h e F o r e i g n
a n d C o mmo n wea l t h S e c r e t a r y a n d t h e L o r d P r i v y S e a l a l s o a t t e n d e d
t h e m e e t i n g .
A f t e r c o n g r a t u l a t i o n s h a d b e e n e x c h a n g e d o n t h e s u c c e s s f u l
o u t c o me o f t h e L a n c a s t e r H o u s e C o n f e r e n c e , M r . M u ga b e s a i d t h a t
h e a n d M r . Nk omo h a d t wo ma j o r i s s u e s o n t h e i r m i n d s . T h e s e
r e l a t e d t o t h e i r p e r s o n a l s e c u r i t y a f t e r t h e i r r e t u r n t o R h o d e s i a
a n d t o t h e p r e s e n c e o f S o u t h A f r i c a n f o r c e s i n t h a t c o u n t r y .
T h e P r i m e M i n i s t e r a n d t h e F o r e i g n a n d C o mmo n wea l t h S e c r e t a r y
s a i d t h a t t h e y w e l l u n d e r s t o o d M r . M u g a b e ' s a n d Mr N k o mo
1
s c o n c e r n
a b o u t s e c u r i t y . B o t h . m e n c o u l d r e s t a s s u r e d t h a t t h i s p r o b l e m
w o u l d b e t a k e n c a r e o f . A s r e g a r d s t h e p r e s e n c e o f memb er s o f
t h e S o u t h A f r i c a n a r med f o r c e s i n R h o d e s i a , t h e F o r e i g n a n d
C o mmo n wea l t h S e c r e t a r y r e p e a t e d t h e a s s u r a n c e h e h a d g i v e n e a r l i e r
t h a t t h e G o v e r n o r w o u l d e n s u r e t h a t n o e x t e r n a ] f o r c e s we r e
i n v o l v e d i n R h o d e s i a . H o w e v e r , i t w o u l d b e d i f f i c u l t t o p u r g e
t h e R h o d e s i a n a r med f o r c e s o f i n d i v i d u a l s . T h e P r i m e M i n i s t e r ,
e n d o r s i n g wh a t t h e F o r e i g n a n d C o mmo n wea l t h S e c r e t a r y h ad. s a i d ,
r e m i n d e d M r . M u ga b e o f h e r p u b l i c a s s u r a n c e s t h a t t h e r e w o u l d b e
n o e x t e r n a l i n t e r f e r e n c e i n R h o d e s i a .
M r . M u ga b e r e p e a t e d t h a t h e wa s c o n c e r n e d a b o u t t h e p r e s e n c e
b o t h o f v o l u n t e e r s f r o m S o u t h A f r i c a a n d o f u n i t s o f t h e S o u t h
A f r i c a n A r my . T h e F o r e i g n a n d C o mmo n wea l t h S e c r e t a r y s a i d t h a t
s o f a r a s h e k n ew t h e r e w e r e n o S o u t h A f r i c a n units i n R h o d e s i a
b u t h e w o u l d h a v e t h i s c h e c k e d . A s r e g a r d s v o l u n t e e r s , t h e
G o v e r n o r w o u l d l o o k i n t o t h i s . M r . Nk omo p o i n t e d o u t t h a t t h e
S o u t h A f r i c a n P r i m e M i n i s t e r h a d s a i d t h a t t h e r e we r e S o u t h A f r i c a n
t r o o p s i n R h o d e s i a a n d t h a t t h e y we r e l o o k i n g a f t e r S o u t h A f r i c a n
i n t e r e s t s t h e r e .
M r . M u ga b e t h e n r e f e r r e d t o t h e r e ma r k s w h i c h G e n e r a l W a l l s
h a d made t h e p r e v i o u s d a y a b o u t t h e l i k e l i h o o d o f a c i v i l w a r
b r e a k i n g o u t i f t h e P a t r i o t i c F r o n t won t h e e l e c t i o n . H e s a i d
/ t h a t
WM fit/jcmlAL
i
- 2 -
t h a t i f t h e r e were t o be peace i n Rhodesia both s i d e s would have
t o p l a y t h e i r p a r t . He wondered whether General Walls was
prepared to do so. The Lord P r i v y S e a l commented t h a t General
Walls' remarks had not been h e l p f u l . When Mr. Nkomo r e p e a t e d
Mr. Mugabe's q u e s t i o n , the F o r e i g n and. Commonwealth S e c r e t a r y s a i d
t h a t he would be making some remarks on the g e n e r a l q u e s t i o n at
the c o n c l u s i o n of the s i g n a t u r e ceremony t h a t morning: Mr. Nkomo
expressed the hope t h a t the F o r e i g n and Commonwealth S e c r e t a r y
would be i m p a r t i a l .
R.M.J. Lyne, Esq.,
F o r e i g n and Commonwealth O f f i c e .
' tit' ^
H l O DOWNI NG STREET
From the Private Secretary 9 January 1980
CALL BY BISHOP MUZOREWA
Bishop Muzorewa a,nd Dr. Mundav/arara c a l l e d on the Prime M i n i s t e r
on the morning o f F r i d a y 21 December. The F o r e i g n and Commonwealth
S e c r e t a r y and the Lord P r i v y S e a l attended the meeting.
A f t e r exchanging c o n g r a t u l a t i o n s on the Agreement due t o be
s i g n e d l a t e r i n the morning, the Prime M i n i s t e r asked about the
s i t u a t i o n i n S a l i s b u r y . Dr. Mundawarara s a i d t h a t the morale
of the people was very good. There had been a tremendous improve-
ment as a r e s u l t o f the l i f t i n g o f s a n c t i o n s . Bishop Muzorewa
agreed w i t h h i s c o l l e a g u e and s a i d t h a t the r e t u r n of Rhodesia .
t o the i n t e r n a t i o n a l community was of g r e a t importance.
In the ensuing d i s c u s s i o n of the f o r t h c o m i n g e l e c t i o n , the
F o r e i g n and Commonwealth S e c r e t a r y s a i d t h a t i t was e s s e n t i a l
t h a t Bishop Muzorewa and h i s p a r t y s h o u l d take c r e d i t f o r
e v e r y t h i n g a c h i e v e d a t L a n c a s t e r House. S a n c t i o n s had been
l i f t e d , a c e a s e f i r e a c h i e v e d and a s e t t l e m e n t n e g o t i a t e d . The
Bishop s h o u l d make i t c l e a r t h a t he was l a r g e l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r
t h i s s u c c e s s . Bishop Muzorewa s a i d that, much of the c r e d i t
was, of course, due t o the Prime M i n i s t e r and L o r d C a r r i n g t o n .
But he undertook to bear i n mind what they had s a i d and promised
t h a t he would win the e l e c t i o n . He s a i d t h a t , n o n e t h e l e s s ,
he a n t i c i p a t e d t h a t the e l e c t i o n would be easy. There would
be a p h y s i c a l problem i n t h a t the r a i n y season would be at i t s
h e i g h t and a l l the s i g n s were t h a t the rains i n 1980 would be
very good, i . e . very heavy. There would be a s e c u r i t y problem
i n t h a t the o t h e r s i d e would undoubtedly engage i n l a r g e - s c a l e
i n t i m i d a t i o n and gangsterism. And, f i n a l l y , t h e r e was a
p o l i t i c a l problem i n t h a t he had been i n power f o r s i x months
and thus r i s k e d b e i n g accused by the e l e c t o r a t e of not h a v i n g
d e l i v e r e d enough i n t h a t time. The Prime M i n i s t e r encouraged
him t o take c r e d i t f o r the disappearance of the d i s c r i m i n a t i o n
laws and f o r the p r o g r e s s towards b l a c k m a j o r i t y r u l e which had
been a c h i e v e d s i n c e the p r e v i o u s e l e c t i o n .
/The F o r e i g n and
I
I
I
i *
I I
The F o r e i g n and Commonwealth S e c r e t a r y asked the Bishop
about Mr. Chikerema's p r o s p e c t s . Bishop Muzorewa s a i d he had
no support. He c o u l d be i g n o r e d . However, the Bishop commented
t h a t someone had g i v e n Mr. Chikerema a great d e a l of f i n a n c i a l
support. He mentioned the names of Mr. Connie Mulder and Mr. T i n y
Rowlands i n t h i s c o n n e c t i o n . Bishop Muzorewa a l s o r e f e r r e d to
Mr. S i t h o l e and s a i d t h a t he would be l u c k y to win f i v e s e a t s .
He h i n t e d , however, t h a t he would, i f necessary, be p r e p a r e d t o
c o l l a b o r a t e with Mr. S i t h o l e i n d e f e a t i n g the P a t r i o t i c F r o n t .
Commenting on the white p o l i t i c i a n s , Bishop Muzorewa s a i d
t h a t he expected Mr. Smith to p l a y " h i s u s u a l d i v i d e - a n d - r u l e
game". He s a i d t h a t Messrs. Kronje and D a v i d Smith were, on
the o t h e r hand, very constructive, people.
I UiiLl lh-^< .
R.M.J. Lyne, Esq.,

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i l l 2. T H E L A R G E Z A N L A G R O U P N E AR I N YAN G A WAS E VE N T U A L L Y P E R S U A D E D
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T O T H E M O N I T O R I N G F O R C E . B U T I N S E VE R A L O TH E R A R E A S (N E A R WE S T
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N I C H O L S O N , S I N O I A AN D I N T H E E A S T E R N A R E A S ) Z A N L A G R O U P S AR E
S T I L L R E F U S I N G TO C O M P L Y WI TH TH E C E A S E -F I R E AR R AN G E M E N T S A N D ,
I N S O M E C A S E S WI TH TH E O R D E R S CF T H E I R O WN C O M M AN D E R S . I T WI L L I
I B E E XT R E M E L Y D I F F I C U L T TO D E -F U S E M AN Y M O R E O F T H E S E I N C I D E N T S . jW
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H I M TH E P R O B L E M O F C R O S S -B O R D E R M O VE M E N T . H E 13 D I S P O S E D TO B E
H E L P F U L AN D WI L L D E T R YI N G TO G E T A R E P O R T TO M A C H E L .
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I 1 gfr Information I
NEWS RELEASE 8 J a nua r y 1980" **
80/ 5
EMBARGO ' I
7
Not t o r r e l e a s e /M
u n i l
COMMONWEALTH OBSERVER GROUP FOR RHODESI AN / ' - xO
t
1600 h r s . GMT ELECTI ONS ^ H
The Commonweal t h S e c r e t a r y - Ge n e r a l , Mr S h r i d a t h
Ramphal , announc ed t oday t o t he Commonweal t h Sout her n
A f r i c a Commi t t ee t he c o mp o s i t i o n o f t he Commonweal t h
Obs er v er Gr oup, under t he c ha i r ma ns hi p o f Ambas s ador
QyfAjiS : OJ6 hsi^n^, Raj es hwar Day al o f I n d i a , whi c h i s t o r e p o r t t o Heads
' o f Gover nment on t he e l e c t i o n s i n Rho des i a.
I t s member s wi l l be:
Bangl ades h Mr J u s t i c e K. M. Nur ul Fs l am
Ch i e f E l e c t i o n Commi s s i oner
Bar bados S i r C a r l i s l e Bur t o n
Per manent S e c r e t a r y t o t he Pr i me
Mi n i s t e r and Head o f t he C i v i l S e r v i c e
mmm
Canada Mr Rober t Gor don F a i r we a t h e r
F i r s t Ch i e f Commi s s i oner o f t he
Canadi an Human Ri g h t s Commi s s i on,
and b e f o r e t h a t a Member o f t he Hous e
of Commons f o r 15 y e a r s
Ghana Mr J u s t i c e V. C. R. A. C. Cr abbe
Appeal Cour t J udge and a f or mer
E l e c t o r a l Commi s s i oner
I n d i a Ambas s ador Raj es hwar Day al ( Chai r man)
For mer F o r e i g n S e c r e t a r y , and S p e c i a l I
Re p r e s e n t a t i v e o f t he UN S e c r e t a r y -
Gener al and Head o f t he UN Mi s s i o n i n
t he Congo 1960- 61. He l d a number o f
s e n i o r a mba s s a do r i a l appoi nt ment s and
was t he f i r s t Chai r man o f t he UN
Commi t t ee on t he E l i mi n a t i o n o f
C O M M O N W E A L T H Ra c i a l Di s c r i mi n a t i o n .
S E C R E T A R I A T
Mar l bor ou gh House J amai c a Mr I vo De Souz a
L ondon S W1Y 5 H X For mer Hi gh Commi s s i oner i n T r i n i d a d ' f l
01-839 3411
a n C
* Tf r
a
S Ambas s ador t o Venez uel a
and Deput y Hi gh Commi s s i oner i n B r i t a i n .
\ \ \ \ m I
N i g e r i a Mr S.G. Tkoku
P 'xecutive Member of the People's
Redemption P a r t y of N i g e r i a and S e n i o r
L e c t u r e r , Lagos U n i v e r s i t y
Papua New
Guinea
The Hon Oscar Tammur MP
M i n i s t e r of E d u c a t i o n , Science and
C u l t u r e
S i e r r a Leone The Hon J u s t i c e Sheku M.F. Kutubu
Appeal Court Judge
S r i Lanka
A u s t r a l i a
Mr J.W. Subasinghe
Former R e g i s t r a r , Supreme Court,
S e n i o r Crown Counsel and Chairman
of p r e s i d e n t i a l committees.
Name to be n o t i f i e d .
The f o l l o w i n g are e x t r a c t s from Mr Ramphal's statement
to the Committee:
"Each o f the Observers w i l l have two a s s i s t a n t s
w i t h him and they w i l l be supported by a s m a l l
team o f a d m i n i s t r a t i v e and p r o f e s s i o n a l s t a f f .
They w i l l be augmented by a l i m i t e d number o f
a d d i t i o n a l a s s i s t a n t s drawn from Commonwealth
c o u n t r i e s over the p e r i o d o f p o l l i n g i t s e l f . "
"The response from Commonwealth Governments has
c o n f i r m e d the importance which the Committee has
a t t a c h e d to t h i s c o l l e c t i v e Commonwealth r o l e i n
f u l f i l m e n t of the Lusaka A c c o r d and the implement-
a t i o n o f the L a n c a s t e r House agreements. The task
o f the Group w i l l not be easy and i t s r e s p o n s i b i l -
i t i e s w i l l be onerous. I am c o n f i d e n t , however,
t h a t the success t h a t has c h a r a c t e r i s e d the
Commonwealth's recent e f f o r t s i n b r i n g i n g Zimbabwe
t o independence w i l l a t t e n d t h i s f u r t h e r c o n t r i b u t -
i o n a l s o . "
I
"I am c o n s c i o u s t h a t many governments and people
the w o r l d over - w i t h i n the Commonwealth and beyond
i t - p l a c e g r e a t s t o r e by the work of the Common-
wealth Observer Group. That work w i l l , of course,
r e q u i r e the c o - o p e r a t i o n o f the B r i t i s h a u t h o r i t i e s
i n Rhodesia and the o v e r a l l support of Commonwealth
Governments - both o f which I am sure w i l l be
f o r t h c o m i n g . "
' I
\ \ \ m
"Much has been accomplished; much s t i l l remains to
be done. And t h e r e are o b l i g a t i o n s on a l l s i d e s .
I remind you again - as the evidence of the commence-
ment of the c e a s e f i r e i t s e l f c o n f i r m s - t h a t not
everyone views success w i t h s a t i s f a c t i o n . There
w i l l be need t h e r e f o r e f o r c o n t i n u i n g v i g i l a n c e
throughout the e n t i r e p r o c e s s o f t r a n s i t i o n from
Southern Rhodesia to Zimbabwe. The Commonwealth
Observer Group i s a major response to t h a t need.
Through i t s presence and i t s mandate i t w i l l be
making a c r i t i c a l c o n t r i b u t i o n to Zimbabwe's f u t u r e . "
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ARE TO BE RE AL I ZE D.
PL E ASE ACCEPT MY. HI GHEST RE GARDS.
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1. M U G AB E S A I D T H A T H E WAS E XT R E M E L Y A N XI O U S O VE R T H E G O VE R N O R 'S
I N T E N T I O N S AN D TH E R E A L P U R P O S E B E H I N D H I S A C T I O N S WH I C H H AD 3 0 F AR
P R E VE N T E D Z AN U FR O M R E T U R N I N G H O M E . H E WO U LD S H O R T L Y D E L I VE R TO ME
A L E T T E R FO R T H E P R I M E M I N I S T E R (I T A R R I VE D AB O U T TWO H O U R S L A T E R ,
F U L L T E X T I N MY T E L N O 2 3 AN D O R I G I N A L B Y B A G T O F C O ). I N O U R H O U R -
LO N G T A L K M U G AB E S P O K E M U C H CM T H E L I N E S O F T H E T E X T TH O U G H I N
S O M EWH AT M O R E M O D E R ATE T E R M S .
2 . I E X P L A I N E D T H E S I T U A T I O N O F S O U TH A F R I C A N T R O O P S S T R E S S I N G T H A T
TH EY WE R E AT R E P E A T AT B E I T B R I D G E . M U G AB E I N S I S T E D T H A T I F T H E Y
S T R A D D L E D T H E F R O N T I E R , AN D H I S I N F O R M A T I O N WAS T H A T T H E Y D I D ,
T H E I R P R E S E N C E T H E R E WAS A VI O L A T I O N O F T H E LO N D O N A G R E E M E N T S . I
R E P E A T E D T H AT T H E A S S U R A N C E S S O L E M N L Y G I VE N I N LO N D O N WE R E I N T E R M S
WH ICH D I D N O T AM O U N T TO A P R O M I S E TO E X P E L F O R E I G N T R O O P S B U T T H A T
TH E Y WO U LD N O T D E AL L O WE D TO I N T E R F E R E I N S I D E R H O D E S I A .
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C E A S E F I R E AN D LAW AN D O R D E R . I T H E N D R EW O N YO U R T E L E G R A M S 2 9 AN D
3 1 I N S T A N C I N G S P E C I F I C C A S E S O F C R O S S B O R D E R A C T I V I T Y AN D S T R E S S I N G -
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T H E I R A P P A R E N T R E F U S A L TO T A K E P A R T I N T H E A S S E M B L Y P R O C E S S . I T
WAS N O T T R U E T H AT R H O D E S i AN F O R C E S H AD B E E N D E P L O YE D - A L L O VE R T H E
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D A N G E R O U S S I T U A T I O N C O U L D A R I S E . I T H E N G A V E H I M T H E T E X T O F T H E
A N N O U N C E M E N T I N P A R A 1 O F YO U R T E L N O 5 4 T O F C O . M U G A B E S A I D T H A T
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T H E M S E L V E S T O B E D I S A R M E D . WH E N I P O I N T E D O U T T H A T T H I S D I D N O T
A P P L Y A F T E R M I D -N I G H T O N 4 J A N U A R Y A N D T H E R E N D E Z V O U S P O I N T S H A D
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I . ' A R M S S H O U L D B E R E T U R N E D T O T H E M A F T E R T H E Y H A D B E E N T A K E N T O T H E
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C A L L O N Z A N L A " C O M M A N D E R S T O D E A L WI T H O U T S T A N D I N G U N I T S . H E A D D E D
T H A T Z A N U WA N T E D A N E F F E C T I V E C E A S E F I R E A N D D E N I E D T H A T M U J I B A S ,
WH O S E A G E S WE R E B E T WE E N 1 1 A N D 16, H A D B E E N I N S T R U C T E D T O A S S E M B L E
I N S T E A D O F T R A I N E D Z A N L A P E R S O N N E L . H E Q U O T E D O N E R A D I O R E P O R T F R O M
S A L I S B U R Y A S S A Y I N G T H A T O N L Y 60 M U J I B A S H A D T U R N E D U P A T T H E
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N O T T O F A V O U R I T I S M O F T H E U A N C , T H E L A T T E R H A D H A D A P E R M I T T O
H O L D T H E R A L L Y F O R S O M E T I M E A N D T H E P O L I C E WO U L D H A V E B E E N F A C E D
WI T H A V E R Y S E R I O U S P R 0 3 L E M I F Z A N U S U P P O R T E R S W E L C O M I N G T H E I R
L E A D E R S WE R E T O S T A G E A S I M U L T A N E O U S C O U N T E R D E M O N S T R A T I O N . A S
F O R ' T H E R E F U S A L O F P E R M I S S I O N O F Z A N U T O F L Y I N A G R O U P O N T H E
M O R N I N G O F 5 J A N U A R Y I R E M I N D E D H I M T H A T H E H A D G I V E N U S B A R E L Y
1 1 H O U R S N O T I C E O F T H I S I N T E N T I O N . M U G A B E I N D I C A T E D T H A T H E
A C C E P T E D A S V A L I D B O T H T H E S E E X P L A N A T I O N S B U T H E I N S I S T E D O N T H E
N E E D F O R H I S P A R T Y T O R E T U R N T O S A L I S B U R Y A S S O O N A S P O S S I B L E .
O N C E T H E R E T H E Y WO U L D B E Q U I T E P R E P A R E D T O A C C E P T R E S P O N S I B I L I T Y
F O R T H E B E H A V I O U R O F Z A N L A F O R C E S . B U T I T WA S I N I Q U I T O U S T O L I N K
T H E R E T U R N O F Z A N U T O R E M A I N I N G P R O B L E M S WI T H Z A N L A .
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5. E V E T T S , WH O A C C O M P A N I E D M E ; T O O K T H E O P P O R T U N I T Y T O R A I S E T H E
I- P R O B L E M O F C H I M U R E N G A N A M E S A S K I N G T H A T P R O P E R ' * H O M E N A M E S ' ' 3E
P R O D U C E D F O R A L L P E R S O N N E L T R A V E L L I N G . M U G A B E TO O K N O T E B U T S A I D
TH AT C H I M U R E N G A N A M E S H A D B E E N A D O P T E D T O P R O T E C T T H E F A M I L I E S
O F Z A N U M E M B E R S WH O M I G H T B E D E T A I N E D B Y T H E R H O D E S i A N P O L I C E , H E
I A S S U R E D U S T H A T F L I G H T S C A R R Y I N G Z A N U P O L I T I C A L P E R S O N N E L WO U L D N O T
B E U S E D T O I N F I L T R A T E Z A N L A O R U N A C C E P T A B L Y L A R G E N U M B E R S O F
S E C U R I T Y P E R S O N N E L .
6. I T O L D M U G A B E T H A T I WA S , O N I N S T R U C T I O N S , A B O U T T O S P E A K T O T H E
M D Z A M B I C A N A U T H O R I T I E S E S P E C I A L L Y A B O U T I L L E G A L B O R D E R C R O S S I N G S B Y
i Z A N L A . ; m
7 . T H E WH O L E C O N V E R S A T I O N WA S C O N D U C T E D I N A R E A S O N E D A N D
F R I E N D L Y M A N N E R T H O U G H N O P U N C H E S WE R E P U L L E D B Y E I T H E R S I D E .
EEOD D OIL- RHODESIA POLICY
CADS NEWS D
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LEGAL ADVISERS LORD H G LENNOX
i (MR FREELAND) MISS BROWN
| (MR FLFOOT) MR DAY
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PCD MR ASPIN
DEF D MR MILLS I
3
CONFIDENTIAL I
with compliments
Private Secretary to
CHANCELLOR OF THE DUCHY OF LANCASTER
68 Whi t ehal l L on don S W1 A 2AS
Telephone 01-233-7113
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YO U R T E L E G R A M N U M E E R 3 7 : R H O D E S I A i Z A N U .
x . I T I S IMPOSSIBLE TO G I VE D E T A I L E D N U M B E R S O F Z A N L A F O R C E S
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C E A S E F I R E I S I N S HA RP C O N T R AS T TC TH AT O F Z I P R A , TH E L A T T E R . H AVE
B E E N D O I N G T H E I R U TMO S T TO C O M P L Y. O F TH E I N C I D E N T S O F VI O L E N C E
A N D L A WL E S S N E S S A C R O S S TH E C O U N TR Y D U R I N G T H I S P E R I O D AN D C O N F R O N T -
A T I O N S WI TH TH E P O L I C E TH E G R E A T M A J O R I T Y H AVE B E E N A T T R I B U T A B L E
TO Z A N L A . TH E R E I S E VI D E N C E TH AT Z A N L A H AVE B E E N G I VE N I N S T R U C T I O N S
TO E XP L O I T TH E A S S E M B L Y P R O C E S S AN D I T S A F T E R M A T H TO E XE R T MAXI MUM
P R E S S U R E O N TH E P O P U L A T I O N TO S U P P O R T Z AN U AN D E VI D E N C E A L S O O F
S O ME Z A N L A S E C T I O N S B E I N G I N S T R U C T E D TO R E M A I N I N TH E F I E L D .
I
H . WE R E A L I S E TH AT TH E M O Z AM B I C A N S C AN N O T A C H I E VE C O M P L E T E S U C C E S S
I N S T O P P I N G C R O S S B O R D E R M O VE M E N T . B U T T H E Y C AN A C H I E VE M O R E
E F F E C T I VE C O N TR O L O VE R Z A N L A AN D P R E S S U R E O N Z AN U TO C O M P L Y. AMO N G
O TH E R T H I N G S WE AR E C O N C E R N E D B Y TH E C O N T I N U A N C E O F I N F L A M M A T O R Y
B R O A D C A S T S B Y " V O I C E O F Z I M B A B WE " AN D B Y TH E C O N T I N U E D F A I L U R E
B Y Z AN U T C R E L E A S E TH E P O L I T I C A L D E T A I N E E S . ' P U T I T 1 3 T H E C O N D J C T
O F Z AN L A F O R C E S WH I C H I S C A U S I N G M03T C O N C E R N . WE H AVE S O F AR B E fell
AB L E TO A VO I D M I L I T A R Y C O N F R O N T A T I O N S , B U T T H I S H AS B E E N E XT R E M E L Y
D I F F I C U L T I N R E L A T I O N TO Z A N L A . WE H AVE B E E N A B L E TO D E F U S E TH E
S P E C I F I C P R O B L E M WH I C H AR O S E N E AR TH E H O N D E V A L L E Y .
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WI L L A L S O WI S H TO D I S C U S S T H E S E P R O B L E M S WI T H Z A N U . A S YO U
KN O W WE AR E A N XI O U S TO G E T I N TO A P O S I T I O N WH E R E B Y Z AN U P O L I T I C A L
(R P T P O L I T I C A L ) F I G U R E S C AN R E T U R N FO R T H E E L E C T I O N C A M P A I G N B U T
I T WO U LD N O T H AVE B E E N P O S S I B L E TO AG R E E T H I S D U R I N G T H E
C O N F R O N T A T I O N WH I C H wAS T A K I N G P L A C E YE S T E R D A Y AN D WE W I L L H AVE TO
A S S E S S HOW TH E O U T S T A N D I N G Z A N L A F O R C E S C O N D U C T T H E M S E L VE S I N T H E
N E XT D AY O R TWO .
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R E P E ATE D TO P R I O R I T Y G AB O R O N E , D AR E S S A L A A M , P R E T O R I A , L U AN D A,
L AG O S , U K M I S N EW YO R K
S AVI N G TO M AP U TO .
MY TE L N O . 9| Z AM B I A/R H O D E S I A ,
/ U Z AM fi| AN S U S P I C I O N S C O N TI N U E TO M O U N T. T O D A Y'S T I M E S O F Z AM B I A
/ LE AD S WITH A R E P O R T FR O M P ATU S I M O K O , TH E I R C O R R E S P O N D E N T I N
S A L I S B U R Y, WHO C L A P ' S TH AT R H O D ES I A I S " O N TH E B R I N K O F WA R "
B ETWEEN TH E P A T R I O T I C FR O N T AN D TH E S E C U R I TY F O R C E S FO LLO WI N G
YO UR D E C I S I O N TO " S E T TH E S E C U R I TY F O R C E S LO O S E FR O M TH E I R
I R E S TR I C TE D B A S E S ' ' . P F L E AD E R S IN S A L I S B U R Y AR E Q U O TED AS
H TH R E ATE N I N G IN TU R N TO S E T LO O S E TH E I R FO LLO WE R S FR O M TH E
| | | AS S E M B LY P O I N T S AN D AR E S A I D TO D E P L AN N I N G TO R E FE R TO N K O MO ;.; ...
H AND *'NO A B E , T H E UN S E C U R I TY C O U N C I L AN D TH E I N TE R N ATI O N AL C O U R T H|
H I O F J U S T I C E A L L E G E D B R E AC H E S B Y YO U O F TH E L AN C AS TE R H O U S E
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(A ) WH Y M U Z O R E WA 'S A U X I L I A R I E S H AVE -MO T B E E N D I S 3 A N D E D I
(B ) WH Y S O U TH A F R I C A N T R O O P S H AVE
R H O D E S I A ( E . G . AT B E I T B R I D G E )
B E E N P E R M I T T E D TO R E M A I N
I N C O N T R A VE N T I O N O F T H E
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(D ) WH Y A L L P O L I T I C A L P R I S O N E R S H AVE N O T B E E N R E L E A S E D * . I
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3. I N I T S E D I T O R I A L , T H E T I M E S E X P R E S S E S C O N C E R N O VE R WH AT I T
S E E S AS ' " T H E B R I T I S H P R O T E C T I VE A T T I T U D E * ' TO WAR D S M U Z O R E WA.
AC C O R D I N G TO T H E T I M E S , M U Z O R E WA T O L D H I S R A L L Y O N S U N D AY T H AT
C I V I L WAR WO U LD F O L L O W A P A T R I O T I C F R O N T VI C T O R Y I N T H E
E L E C T I O N S . T H E T I M E S S A Y S J T H f S I S T A N T A M O U N T TO A D E C L A R A T I O N
TH AT M U Z O R E WA W I L L R E F U S E ! T O A C C E P T T H E VE R D I C T C F T H E E L E C T O R A T E
AN D T H A T H E WI L L I F N E C E S S A R Y R E S O R T TO W A R F A R E , TH E E D I T O R I A L
AS K S WH Y YO U H AVE R E M A I N E D S I L E N T I N T H E F A C E O F T H I S I N C I T E M E N T
TO VI O L E N C E WH I C H AM O U N T S , I N T H E T I M E S ' VI E W, T O S E D I T I O N ,
F A I L U R E TO T A K E A C T I O N A G A I N S T M U Z O R E WA I S S E E N AS I N K E E P I N G
WI TH T H E D E C I S I O N T O AS K S O U TH A F R I C A N F O R C E S TO S T A Y I N
R H O D E S I A AT B E I T B R I D G E *
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4. T H E T I M E S C O N C L U D E S T H A T U N L E S S T H E B R I T I S H S TO P P R O T E C T I N G
M U Z O R E WA, I T WI L L B E B E L I E VE D T H A T T H E E L E C T I O N WI L L B E
P I G O E D , " W E S H A L L A L L T H E N 3E B AC K T O S Q U AR E O N E " , I'T WA R N S .
5. G I VE N T H E F R I G I D S T A T E O F O U R R E L A T I O N S AN D L A C K O F A C C E S S
TH E R E I S L I T T L E WE C A N D O L O C A L L Y TO C O U N TE R T H I S Z A M 3 I A N
L I N E O F T H I N K I N G U N T I L T H E R E I S S O M E C O N C R E T E AC T O R S T A T E M E N T
IN S A L I S B U R Y WH I C H WE C A N U S E AS A P E G , I T M AY H O WE VE R DE
U S E F U L I F F I N N C O U L D F I N D T I M E TO G I VE P A T U S I M O K O A P O S I T I V E
B R I E F I N G ,
FC O P S E P A S S S A VI N G TO M A P U T O ,
III N E I L S O N . H
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CONFIDENTIAL p s TOPRI ME MI NI STER
1 0 m G 3 T
IF I DENT IAL
DESK3Y SALISBURY 08O930Z
FM LUSAKA 080745Z
TO IMMEDIATE SALISBURY
TEL NO. 39 OF 8 JANUARY 1980 "
AND TO IMMEDIATE FCO
REPEATED TO PRIORITY GABORONE, DAR ES SALAAM, PRETORlAf^LUANDA,
LAGOS, UKMIS NEW YORK
SAVING TO MAPUTO.
MY TELS NOS 34 AND 35: RHODESIA.
1. US SENATOR TSONGAS HAD OVER AN HOUR YESTERDAY WITH MARK CHONA
(POLITICAL ADVISER TO PRESIDENT KAUNDA). CHONA DWELT AT LENGTH
ON ZAMBIAN CONCERN ABOUT ''THE PHENOMENON OF BRITISH DECEIT NOW
A
D
PARENT IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LANCASTER HOUSE AGREEMENT".
ZAMBIA WAS "DEEPLY DISTURBED BY THE CLEAR EVIDENCE OF OUR BIAS"-
AND FELT THAT IF IT CONTINUED THE WHOLE AGREEMENT COULD COLLAPSE.
THIS, HE CLAIMED, WAS A FEAR SHARED IN MAPUTO (WHICH MAY THROW
LIGHT O N THE VISIT HERE OF MOZAMBIQUE HOME AFFAIRS MINISTER, MY
TEL NO. 2 TO MAPUTO ONLY) AND DAR ES SALAAM, TSONGAS AND US
AMBASSADOR WERE ASKED TO CONVEY THIS CONCERN TO PRESIDENT CARTER
AND TSONGAS IS DOING SO, AL3EIT IN A LESS CATACLYSMIC TONE.
2. SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OF BIAS WEREs THE DEPLOYMENT OF RHODES I AN
MILITARY AGAINST THE PF ON THE BASIS OF INTELLIGENCE SUPPLIED BY
THE RHODES I AN FORCES, THE LEG IT IMI SAT I ON O F THE SOUTH AFRICAN-
MILITARY PRESENCE, DELAYS IN THE RETURN O F NKOMO'S CADRES, THE
TAKE OVER OF AREAS VACATED BY THE PF BY MUZOREWA'S AUXILIARIES
" WHICH SEEMED TO BE REGARDED AS PART OF THE RHODES I AN. MILITARY BUT
WHICH IN REALITY WERE POLITICAL FORCES AND THE "CONTINUED
PRESENCE OF MERCENARIES".
3. CHONA'S THEME IS SIMILAR TO THAT OF PUNABANTU TO WILK IN BUT
WHEREAS THE LATTER MAY BE CONSTRUED AS A FRIENDLY WARNING CHONA
HAS CLEARLY GONE ONTO THE OFFENSIVE. TSONGAS REPLIED ROBUSTLY TO
CHONA ON THE LINES THAT PROBLEMS THERE WERE BUT THAT THEY WERE
NOT OF A POLITICAL NATURE BUT CLEARLY FEELS THAT THERE IS A
COMMUNICATIONS GAP WITH THE PF WHICH IS NOT BRIDGED BY MESSAGES
THROUGH THIRD PARTIES. COULD NOT HE ARGUES THE GOVERNOR TELEPHONE
CONFIDENTIAL /NKOMO
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CONFIDENTIAL- ,
;
N K O MO AN D MU G AB E FO R A C H AT FR O M T I M E TO T I M E TO AVO I D S U S P I C 103?
TS O N G AS M AD E 'TH I S C R I T I C I S M P U B L I C AT A D E P AR TU R E P R E S S C O N F E R -
E N C E ,
HJ .
I- 4. I T MAY WE LL B E TH AT TH E Z AM B I AN S AR E O N C E AG AI N P R O S E C U TI N G
TH E I R C AS E IN AD VAN C E O F TH E P F B U T TH AT I S TH E N ATU R E O F TH E
AN I M AL . I B E L I E VE TH AT C H O N A'S D E M AR C H E S TR E N G TH E N S TH E C AS E FO R
TH E C O U R S E O F AC TI O N R EC O M M EN D ED IN MY TU R TI R E S O M E TH O U G H I T MAY
S E E M . I Q U I TE R E A L I S E TH AT TO R EC O MMEN D M E S S AG E S FR O M TH E P R I M E
M I N I S TE R (WH I C H H AVE I N TH E P AS T B E E N TR E ATE D WI TH A LAC K O F
R E S P E C T) AN D TH E D I VE R S I O N O F S I R A D U F F FR O M P R E S S I N G D U T I E S
IS U N WELC O ME B U T I JU D G E I T N E VE R T H E L E S S TO B E TH E B E S T WAY TO
K E E P TH E Z AM B I AN S O N S I D E . O TH E R WI S E I FE AR WE AR E H E AD E D FO R AN O TH ER
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W N T H E S N A K E I N 0 U R
D E L AT I O N S WITH Z A M B I A , H
I \ U. AN AD D I TI O N AL G R I E VAN C E VO I C E D B Y C H O N A WAS TH AT K AU N D A WAS I
; S A I D TH E B E " F U R I O U S " B Y B R I T I S H AN D S O U TH A F R I C A N AS S E R T I O N S
[T H A T O N E R E AS O N FO R TH E S O U TH A F R I C A N P R E S E N C E AT B E I T B R I D G E WAS
TH E N EED TO D E FE N D A L I N K VI T A L IN TE R A L I A TO Z A M B I A , TH E R E I S NO D0U6T
^C O U R S E AB O U T TH E I M P O R TAN C E O F T H I S L I N K . TO Z AM B I A B U T I T I S WO R TH
I'-.. I B E AR I N G I N M IN D TH AT IN P U B L I C AT L E AS T TH E Z AM B I AN S D O N O T L I K E
I TO B E R E M I N D E D AB O U T I T ,
FC O P S E P AS S S AVI N G TO M AP U TO ,
N E I L S O N . [REPEATED AS REQUESTED]
P I L E S ADDITIONAL DISTRIBUTION
REOD D OID RHODESIA POLICY
0AD3 NEWS D
HAD PS
NED PS/SIR I GILMOUR
FJSD PS/MR LTJCE
PLANNING STAPF PS/SlR RIDLEY
ES & SD PS/MR KURD
NSNAD PS/MR MARTEN
CCD PS/PUS
FRD SIR D MALTLAND
1
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(MR FREELAND) MISS BROWH
(MR li'IFOOT) MR DAY
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D m I i J C L L S
CONFIDENTIAL
B
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From the Private
l O D O WN I N G
Secretary
S T R E E T
8 J a n u a r y 1980
I
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Rh o d e s i a : Me s s a ge s t o t h e P r i me Mi n i s t e r
I e n c l o s e t wo f u r t h e r me s s a ge s t o t h e
P r i me Mi n i s t e r a b o u t t h e c o n c l u s i o n o f t h e
L a n c a s t e r Ho us e Co n f e r e n c e . T he s e a r e f r o m
t h e P r e s i d e n t o f T.i' her i a, a nd t h e P r i me Mi n i s t e r
o f Ba r b a d o s . S u b j e c t t o y o u r v i e ws I do n o t
t h i n k t h a t any f u r t h e r a c t i o n i s r e q u i r e d on
e i t h e r o f t hem.

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R o d e r i c L y n e , E s q . ,
F o r e i g n and Commonweal t h Of f i c e .
1 C O M M O N WE A L T H S E C R E T AR I AT
I I
I
I C A B L E S : C O M S E C G E N L O N D O N S W l M A R L B O R O U G H H O U S E ,
T E L E X : 27678 P A L L M A L L .
T E L E P H O N E : 0 1 -8 3 9 3 4 1 1 E x t : * L O N D O N , S W1 Y 5 H X
Your ref: / k^J\
/
C i r c u l a r L e t t e r No. 2/80 7 J a n u a r y , 1980
R h o d e s i a E l e c t i o n s : Commonwealth O b s e r v e r Group
M e e t i n g o f t h e F i n a n c e Committee
In c o n s u l t a t i o n w i t h t h e S e n i o r Commonwealth H i g h
C o m m i s s i o n e r i n London as C h a i r m a n o f t h e F i n a n c e Committee,
i t i s p r o p o s e d t h a t , i m m e d i a t e l y a f t e r t h e m e e t i n g o f t h e
Commonwealth Committee on S o u t h e r n A f r i c a on 8 J a n u a r y 1980,
a m e e t i n g o f t h e F i n a n c e Committee s h o u l d be c o n v e n e d t o
c o n s i d e r and a p p r o v e , under R e g u l a t i o n 6 o f t h e F i n a n c i a l
R e g u l a t i o n s , t h e f i n a n c i a l e s t i m a t e s f o r t h e Commonwealth
O b s e r v e r Group.
F i n a n c i a l e s t i m a t e s on t h e s u b j e c t a r e a t t a c h e d .
T h i s l e t t e r i s a d d r e s s e d to a l l H i g h C o m m i s s i o n s and
t o t h e R e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f t h e B r i t i s h Government.
A c t i n g S e c r e t a r y
E nc .
/ I
\
I
^ H I I Q H K S I A> ELECTIONS - COMMONWEALTH OBSERVER GROUP
F I NANCI AL ESTI MATES
TRAVEL
'
(a) Observers - 11 First Class (via London)
(b) Assistants - 22 Economy Class (via London)
(c) Headquarters Unit - 12 Economy Class
(d) Poll supporting staff - 96 Economy Class
(average figures used)
10$ Contingencies
(e) Secretariat reconnaissance and planning
v i s i t s , including internal travel
(f) Chairman's v i s i t to London - F i r s t Class
SUBSISTENCE
(a) Chairman - 1 x 55 days x 50
(b) Observers - 10 x 55 days x 40.
(c) Assistants - 22 x 55 days x 30
(d) Headquarters Unit - 12 x 55 days x 30
(e) Poll supporting staff - 96 x 15 days x 30
(f) Secretariat reconnaissance and planning
v i s i t s - 8 x 7 days x 30
(g) Assembly in London and transit on return
for 11 Observers and 22 Assistants; and
transit halts, inwards & outwards,
for 96 Poll supporting staff
j
10$ Contingencies
INSURANCE

26,610
35,310
11,080
^86,400
( 8,640
8,000
1,500
177,540
2,750
22,000
36,300
19,800
43,200
1,680
21,400
147,130
14,710
161,840
15,000
t
\
I
mm
" I I
OTHER EXPENSES * "
i

(a) L o c a l s t a f f - 6 x 8 weeks x 5 0 2,400
(b) I n t e r p r e t e r s - 10 x 8 weeks x 5 0 4,000
( c ) S u p p l i e s : f l a g s , c a r p e n n a n t s
a n d armbands 1,000
o f f i c e s u p p l i e s 2,000
3 0 0 Q
(d) A i r f r e i g h t 3,000
( e ) O v e r s e a s t e l e p h o n e s , t e l e g r a m s 5,000
( f ) R e m u n e r a t i o n s , where n e c e s s a r y , o f - |
n o n - g o v e r n m e n t a l s t a f f 12,000
(g) S u n d r y e x p e n s e s 4,000
(h) C o n t i n g e n c i e s 5,000
38,400
TOTAL
H H
T r a v e l 177,540
S u b s i s t e n c e 161,840
I n s u r a n c e 15,000
O t h e r e x p e n s e s 38,400
392,780
I l
SUPPLEMENTARY
LOCAL EXPENSES
Cost o f f a c i l i t i e s which w i l l need
to be met, i f not made a v a i l a b l e
by the l o c a l a u t h o r i t i e s

(a) I n t e r n a l a i r t r a v e l i n Rhodesia by
commercial f l i g h t s and c h a r t e r i n g o f
l i g h t a i r c r a f t 35,000
(b) H i r e o f l o c a l t r a n s p o r t 40,000
(c) Renting, f u r n i s h i n g and e q u i p p i n g o f
o f f i c e accommodation i n S a l i s b u r y and
upto s i x o t h e r c e n t r e s o u t s i d e 10,000
(d) L o c a l telephones, t e l e x e s , telegrams e t c . 5,000
90,000
10$ C o n t i n g e n c i e s 9,000
99,000
GRAND TOTAL
I
T r a v e l , s u b s i s t e n c e ,
Insurance and o t h e r

expenses
Supplementary
expenses
l o c a l
say
392,780
99,000
491,780
492,000
/ I
' I

I
O^tt 0( P R I V Y C O U N C I L O H H : I
C^KJ^S^J WH I T E H A L L I O N D O N SWIAIA7
Chancel l or of the Duchy of Lancaster \ /
7 January 1980
LANCASTER HOUSE CONFERENCE
You c o p i e d t o John Stevens your l e t t e r of 2 January to
Nick Sanders about the p u b l i c a t i o n of the White Paper on
the Rhodesia C o n s t i t u t i o n a l Conference.
We see no o b j e c t i o n t o you p u b l i s h i n g the White Paper on
1 1 January, but i n view of r e c e n t exchanges i n the House, I
s h a l l be g r a t e f u l i f you would make c e r t a i n t h a t s u f f i c i e n t
c o p i e s are a v a i l a b l e i n the Vote O f f i c e as' soon as the White
Paper i s p u b l i s h e d .
I am copying t h i s l e t t e r to Nick Sanders (No 10) and t o
P e t e r Moore ( C h i e f Whip's O f f i c e ) .
I
/l
] C ] A / ^ c ^ . ^ i f
MISS PETRA LAIDLAW
A G H a r r i s o n Esq
A s s i s t a n t P a r l i a m e n t a r y C l e r k
F o r e i g n and Commonwealth O f f i c e
W h i t e h a l l
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1#/MR LUCE SIR R ARMSTRONG- ) I
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SIR D MAITLAND ' MR P M MAX3Y ) 2 ^ ;
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MR DAY MR GOULTY OFFICE
LORD N G LENNOX MR P J FOWLER )
MR ASPIN DIO )
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ED/ RHOD DEPT (I)
HD/ C AF D
HD/ S AF D
I HD/ PUSD (2) I
HD/ NEWS DEPT
HE/ WAD j i - ' . II
MR FREELAND LEGAL ADVISER M 2 0 0 A 1 I M M E D I A T E ]
^ -n?nnT LEGAL ADVISER EM K16k
1
FM S A L I S B U R Y 0 7 1 W Z J A N 6 0 / 'j
I TO I M M E D I A T E F C O (f ^^ ' I
T E L N O 76 O F 7/ 1/ 80 . [
R H O D E S I As C E A S E F I R E
1 , AS YO U WI L L H AVE S E E N F R O M MY T E L N O 2 8 TO M A P U T O , T H E
I M P L E M E N T A T I O N O F T H E C E A S E F I R E AG R E E M E N T H AS B E E N R E M A R K A B L Y
S U C C E S S F U L O N TH E 2 1 P R A S I D E . WE H AVE C O M E TO AN AR R AN G E M E N T WI TH
D A3 E N G WA AN D WAL L S WH I C H S H O U L D N O T (R E P E A T N O T ) 3 E P U B L I C I S E D
WH E R E B Y TH E S O D Z I P R A F O R C E S D A3 E N G WA B E L I E V E S TO B E
I " O U T S T A N D I N G " WI L L B E AL L O WE D TO M AR C H TO T H E A S S E M B L Y P L A C E S
WI TH T H E I R A R M S . D AB E N O WA I S P R E P A R E D TO T E L L AN Y O TH E R Z I P R A
F O R C E S TO L A Y D O WN T H E I R AR M S (WH I C H WI L L B E E N T R U S T E D TO T H E
I M O N I T O R I N G F O R C E ).
2. WE AR E E N C O U N T E R I N G M U C H M O R E S E R I O U S D I F F I C U L T I E S WI TH Z A N L A .
T H E R E I S A S U B S T A N T I A L B O D Y O F E VI D E N C E O F S YS T E M A T I C 1 N T 1M I D ATTO N
B y
Z A N L A D U R I N G T H E A S S E M B L Y PROCESS. T H E R E H AVE B E E N A L A R G E
N U M B E R O F I N C I D E N T S I N T H E E A S T E R N P A R T O F T H E C O U N T R Y AN D T H I S I S
N O T P A R R A L L E L E D B Y WH AT H AS B E E N H A P P E N I N G I N T H E Z I P R A A R E A S . I N
T H E S E C I R C U M S T A N C E S WE M U S T E XE R T F U R T H E R P R E S S U R E O N Z AN U TO
C O M P L Y I F WE AR E TO A VO I D A S I T U A T I O N I N WH I C H TH E R H O D E S J AM S
j l D E M AN D (WI T H A G O O D D E A L O F E VI D E N C E TO S U P P O R T T H E M ) T H E I M M E D I A T E
I E XC L U S I O N O F Z AN U P R O M T H E E L E C T I O N S . T H I S I S T H E P U R P O S E O F T H E 1
I AP P R O AC H TO M A C H E L R E Q U E S T E D I N MY T E L E G R A M U N D E R R E F E R E N C E . M
Hj ;[ RHODESIA: POLICY: ADVANCE COPIES J J I M M E D I ATE 1 I
[ % S i n GIJJOTR PS/NO 10 D O L I N G ST^T^ ,
S I R R
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MR PRBELAND LEGAL ADVISER EMX20QA ;
J $ R PIFCOT LEGAL ADVISER BM K162*
R E S I D E N T C L E R K H
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CONF I DE NTI AL
FM SALI SBURY 0 7 1 4 4 - 5Z J AN 3 0
TO F LASH MAPUTO
TELEGRAM NUMBER 29 OF 7 J ANUARY
INFO I MMEDI ATE FCO LUSAKA WASHINGTON
RHODES I A; Z A N U Z
1 . PLE ASE TE L L THE M0ZAM3I CAN AUTHORI TI E S I MMEDI ATELY THAT, WHEREAS
THE CE ASE F I RE ARRANGEMENTS HAVE BEEN F UL L Y COMPLI ED WITH 3Y
Z 1 P R A, THE ASSEMBLY PROCESS AND THE PERI OD SI NCE THE FORMAL
ASSEMBLY DEADLI NE E XPI RE D ON 4 J ANUARY HAVE BEEN MARKED BY
| SERI OUS BREACHES OF THE CE AS E - F I RE AGREEMENT BY Z A M L A F ORCE S,
THESE HAVE BEEN TE RRORI SI NG THE COUNTRYSI DE , I NTI MI DATI NG THE
LOCAL POPULATI ON AND CROSSI NG THE BORDER IN LARGE NUMBERS IN PART-
i 1CULAR IN THE AREAS NORTH OF UMTALI ( I NYANGA) AND SOUTH OF UMTALI
j IN THE MELSETTER ARE A.
j 2. YOU SHOULD MAKE CLEAR THAT I AM MOST ANXI OUS TO MOVE QUI CKLY
I TO A SI TUATI ON IN WHICH RHODES I A I S ABLE TO NORMALI SE I TS R ELATCO N S
WITH MOZAMBI QUE AND WE ARE ABLE TO OVEN THE ROAD AND RAI L L I NK S . '
AS YOU KNOW, WE ARE ON PRESENT PLANS HOPI NG TO OPEN THE FORBES
| CROSSI NG AT UMTALI TO COMMERCI AL TRAF F I C ON 12 J ANUARY. THI S
I NORMALI SATI ON OF RELATI ONS WHICH WE BOTH WANT WI LL BE ENDANGERED
| I F THE MOZAMBI CAN AUTHORI TI E S ARE UNABLE . I
I
(A) TO PUT AN END TO L ARGE - SCAL E CROSS- BORDER MOVEMENT BY Z A N L As
AND
HHIHHHHHHHIiHlîl^l^l^l^l^HI
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(A ) TO PUT AH END TO L ARGE - SCAL E CROSS- BORDER MOVEMENT BY 2 A ( +. Ai I
1
! AND |
(3 ) TO PUT PRESSURE ON Z A N U AND Z A N L A TO COMPLY MUCH MORE
E F F E CTI VE L Y WITH THE REQUI REMENTS OF THE CE ASE F I RE AGREEMENT.
3. THERE I S E VI DE NCE THAT Z A N L A FORCES HAVE BEEN I NSTRUCTED
TO STAY OUT OF THE ASSEMBLY AREAS FOR AS LONG AS POSSI BL E IN
ORDER TO QUOTE P OL I TI C I S E UNQUOTE THE LOCAL POPULATI ON, AND THAT
OTHER ELEMENTS HAVE BEEN I NSTRUCTED NOT TO ASSEMBLE BUT TO REMAI N
IN THE COUNTRYSI DE FOR THE SAME PURPOSE . ALTHOUGH VERY CONSI DE RABLE
NUMBERS OF Z A N L A HAVE ASSE MBLE D, A SUBSTANTI AL PROPORTI ON OF
THESE HAS, WE B E L I E VE , CROSSED THE BORDERS SI NCE THE SI GNATURE O F '
CE ASE F I RE AGREEMENT AND A FURTHER PROPORTI ON ARE QUOTE MUJ I BAS
UNQUOTE SENT IN L I E U OF TRAI NE D Z A N L A PE RSONNE L.
A. YOU SHOULD E XPL AI N TO THE MOZAMBI CANS AND AS NE CE SSARY TO
Z A N U THAT THERE I S AT PRESENT A POTE NTI ALLY DANGEROUS MI L I TARY
SI TUATI ON IN THE I N If A NOA AREA WHERE Z A N U FORCES ARE CONFRONTI NG
POL I CE , WHO HAVE NOW BEEN SUPPORTED BY RHODES I AN F ORCE S, WE HOPE
THI S I S NOW BE I NG DE F USE D. BUT UNTI L THE MI L I TARY SI TUATI ON
IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE COUNTRY I S CL E ARE R, I T WI LL NOT BE
POSSI BLE TO PERMI T LARGE SCALE ARRI VALS OF Z A N U IN SAL I SB URY .
THE SMALL GROUP PLANNI NG TO COME TOMORROW WI LL HAVE TO BE
DEFERRED FOR 24 TO 46 HOURS WHI LE THE SI TUATI ON I S C L AR I F I E D. WE
I HOPE THAT I T WI LL BE POSSI BL E TO ADMI T THEM BEFORE LONG AND WCLL BE
I IN TOUCH ABOUT T HI S ,
FCO PASS AL L _ !
SOAMES
NNNN

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H D /C AF D
H D /S AF D
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H D / to S LEFT
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MR FR EELAN D LEG AL AD VISER RMK20QA
J J R FIFC O T LEG AL AD VISER RM K1
R ESID EN T C LER K
H FM L U S A K A C 7 1 3 3 7 Z
H TO I M M E D I A T E S A L I S B U R Y
T E L N O . 3 5 O F 7 J A N U A R Y 1 9 8 0 .
A N D T O IMMED IATE F C O
R E P E A T E D P R I O R I T Y TO M A P U T O , G AB O R O N E,
L A G O S , WASH IN G TO N , U K M . I S NEW Y O R K ,
M I P T ' '
S IR R ARMSTRON G
E E L vTADE GERY
MR P M MAXEY
M G O ULTY
MR P J FOV/LSR
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D A R I S S A L A A M , L U A N D A ,
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E X I S T E D VSM
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1 . WE H A V E TWO S P E C I F I C I N D I C A T I O N S O F H I G H L E V E L P O L I T I C A L
A N D O F F I C I A L D IS Q U IET A B O U T T H E P O S S I B I L I T Y O F BI AS I N F A V O U R
O F M U Z O R E WA ,

P. U S A M B A S S A D O R WI S H E R H A S T O L D ME T H A T T H I S M O R N I N G M A I N Z A
C H O N A ( S E C R E T A R Y G E N E R A L OF U N I ? A N D T H E S E C O N D R A N K I N G Z A M B I A N )
H A D T E L E P H O N E D H I M I N A N A G I T A T E D F A S H I O N T O E X P R E S S C O N C E R N
A B O U T " G R O W I N G S I G N S O F A L A C K O F E V E N -H A N D E D N E S G " . T H E WH O L E
T O N E OF H I S C O M M E N T S WE R E T H A T " P E R F I D I U S A L B I O N WA S U P T O I T S
T R I C K S A G A I N " ,
3 . P U N A B A N T U , S P E C I A L A D V I S O R T O T H E P R E S I D E N T ( P R E S S ) T E L E P H O N E D
MY F I R S T S E C R E T A R Y I N F O R M A T I O N T H I S M O R N I N G I N O R D E R
ill T H E Z A M B I A N S " A P P R E H E N S I O N " A T V A R I O U S A S P E C T S O F
H IN R H O D E S I A D U R I N G T H E L A S T F E W D A Y S . P U N A B A N T U
II M A K I N G U S E O F T H E U N O F F I C I A L A N D U S E F U L C H A N N E L
M B E T WE E N H I M A N D T H E I N F O R M A T I O N * O F F I C E R I N O R D E R
| H A G G R E S S I V E , B U T M E R E L Y T O . S E E K C L A R I F I C A T I O N O N
H WO R R Y I N G T H E Z A M D I A N S , A S YO U M A Y KNOW P U N A B A N T U
S A I D
T H A T
N O T T O -B E
I S S U E S T H A T WE R E
I S C L O S E TO T H E
I
m\\\\\m
III WORRYING THE ZAMBI ANS. AS YOU MAY KNOW PUNABANTU I S CLOSE TO T
!
N |l|p
PRESI DENT AND, IN THI S I NSTANCE , H I S ' CONCERN MAY BE I NTERPRETED ". |H
AS A GENUI NE RE F LE CTI ON OF PRE SI DE NT KAUNDA'S OWN tTHI NKI NG. % ,
I"" A. THE ZAMBI ANS ARE CONCERNED THAT AFTER WHAT THEY CONSI DERED
A GOOD START BY OUR ADMI NI STRATI ON THI NGS SEEM TO B E GOI NG WRONG.
THEY BAGAN TO WONDER WHETHER WE ARE NOT TAKI NG TOO MUCH NOTI CE
OF THE WI SHES OF THE MUZOREWA GROUP TO THE DI SADVANTAGE OF THE
PATRI OTI C FRONT. P UNA 3 A N T U SOUGHT REASSURANCE THAT TH E ZAMBI ANS
WERE IN FACT MI STAKEN IN THEI R B E L I E F S . 3 POI NTS IN PARTI CULAR
WERE WORRYING THE ZAMBI ANSt
m
' MMM
A. THE DELAYS TO THE RETURN O F PATRI OTI C FRONT POL I TI CAL .
PE RSONNE L. THE ZAMBI ANS CAN ONLY I NTE R- RE T OUR ACTI ON AS
BE I NG MOTI VATED BY A WI SH TO I NTERRUPT THE P ATR IO TIC FRONT
E LE CTI ON PRE PARATI ONS.
i Mm
3 . THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE USE OF RHODES I AN FORCES TO MAI NTAI N
LAW AND ORDER.
H
C . THE ADMI SSI ON OF THE PRE SE NCE OF SOUTH AF RI CAN TROOPS AT
BE I T BRI DGE (THE SE LATTER 2 POI NTS, PUNABANTU SAI D,
I LLUSTRATE D THE VAL I DI TY OF E ARLI E R ARGUEMENTS I N FAVOUR
OF A COMMONWEALTH PE ACE KE E PI NG F ORCE .
' I
WI LKI N RE PL I E D IN APPROPRI ATE TE RMS.
5 . I THI NK WE MUST REGARD THE SE TWO MESSAGES AS RE LATE D AND
RE F LE CTI NG CONCERN AT THE HI GHE ST POL I TI CAL L E VE L IN ZAMBI A.
THEI R I NFORMATI ON I S L I K E L Y TO BE SCANTY AND DI STORTE D, BUT
NEVERTHELESS WI LL F I T IN WI TH MANY OF THEI R PRE CONCE PTI ONS AND
THEY WI LL BE ALL TOO READY TO B E L I E VE I T. I THI NK THAT THERE
WOULD DE EVERY ADVANTAGE IN TAKI NG PRE E MPTI VE ACTI ON TO HEAD OFF
THI S I NCREASI NGLY CRI TI CAL MOOD AND SUGGEST THAT THI S MI GHT BEST
BE DONE BY E XPL AI NI NG FRANKLY TO THE ZAMBI ANS WHERE WE HAVE GOT TO
AND WHAT PROBLEMS WE CONTI NUE TO F ADE . FOR THI S TO BE E F F E CTI VE
I BE L I E VE THE MESSAGE MUST GO I NTO SOME DE TAI L AND MUST COME AT
AN AUTHORI TATI VE LE VE L WHICH WOULD ENSURE I TS PASSAGE UNDI STORTED
TO THE PRE SI DE NT. I WOULD THEREFORE RECOMMEND THAT SUCH A MESSAGE
i EI THER BE SENT FROM THE PRI ME MI NI STE R TO PRE SI DE NT KAUNDA
S OR I F THI S I S CONSI DERED I NAPPROPRI ATE WE MI GHT E XPLORE WI TH
THE ZAMDI ANS T N E I DEA THAT SI R A DUFF COME TO LUSAKA TO B RI E F j
Hj OH O N A AND OTHERS. I RE AL I SE THE PRE SSURE S ON SI R A DUF F ' S TI ME MM
H AT THI S MOMENT BUT B E L I E VE THAT SUCH A VI SI T WOULD B E AN AL TE R- | | |
HI NATI VE METHOD Qf ENSURI NG THAT THE ZAMBI ANS STAY ON SI DE . I DE ALLY fij
I OF COURSE THE PR | ME MI h?! PTFD ' P ^FSSAftF Ml fV-J T I f-jr-i
1
n r Ti-iF M
|
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mm A X THIS MOMENT BUT BELIEVE THAT SUCH A VISIT WOULD BE. AN ALTER-
mm 'NATIVE METHOD OF ENSURING THAT THE Z'AMBIANS STAY ON SIDE, IDEALLY
. #F COURSE THE PRIME MINISTER'S MESSAGE MIGHT INCLUDE THE
| SUGGESTION O F S.IR A DUFF'S VISIT.
NEILSON.
NNNN
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ps / s i f r i G -J EU YO U R ^ I
6
PS/MR LU G S .S I R R AR MSTR O N G ) I
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I .. # [R D MAITLAN D ' /* \ pM MAXEY ) C AB IN ET
I .M R D AY
m
MR G O ULTY ) O FFIC E
LO R D N G LEN H O X / 1 1 V , MR P J FO WLER )
MR AS P IN ( C^ J D IO r )
H D /R H O D D EP T ( ',)
I H D /C AF D
ED / S AF D 1
I "HD/P U S D (2 ) . j H j
I HD /N EWS D EFT .
I MR FR EELAN D LEG AL AD VISER HMSC20QA ' j I
J f f i FIFC O T LEG AL AD VISER KM K164 /
R ES ID EN T C LER K - < fis^yÂ) I
I CONFIDENTIAL
! FM LUSAKA 0713152
| TO IMMEDIATE SALI SBURY
I TEL NO, 34 OF 7 J ANUARY 1980,
I AND TO IMMEDIATE FCO I
I REPEATED PRI ORI TY TO MAPUTO, GABORONE, DAR ES SALAAM, LUANDA,
I LAGOS, WASHINGTON, UKM.IS NEW YORK,
I RETURN OF ZAPU.
I 1. OVER THE LAST FEW DAYS THE ZAMBIAN PRESS HAS BEEN QUICK TO
I IMPUTE BI AS BY YOU AND YOUR ADMINISTRATION IN FAVOUR OF MUZOREWA,
I WE' ARE ALSO RECEI VI NG EVI DENCE OF OFFI CI AL AND POLI TI CAL
I DISQUIET (SEE Ml FT) ON 5 J ANUARY THE ZAMBIA DAI LY MAI L, WHICH
I IS CONSTANTLY THE LESS BALANCED OF ZAMBI A' S DAI L I E S, PRI NTED A
I LONG LEADER CLAI MI NG THAT BY PREVAI LI NG ON NKOMO TO POSTPONE
HIS ARRIVAL IN SALI SBURY, WE HAD SERI OUSLY DISADVANTAGED H I S
ELECTION CAMPAI GN. ON 6 J ANUARY THE SUNDAY TI MES OF ZAMBIA
I STATED THAT IN THE ELECTI ON, "UNL E S S HE CHEATS MUZOREWA HAS NO
I CHANCE " AND EXPRESSED THE FEAR THAT YOU MIGHT BE "AI DI NG AND
ABETTING H I M " .
2. I APPRECI ATE THE VERY REAL ADMI NI STRATI VE AND SECURI TY
I PROBLEMS AT YOUR END. HOWEVER, ZAM3J AN SUSPI CI ONS HAVE BEEN
I NURTURED BY THE INCIDENT ON 6 J ANUARY (MY TEL NO, 30) IN WHICH
I CLEARANCE WAS REFUSED FOR THE AI RCRAFT CARRY J NO THE FI RST I
CONTI NGENT OF ZAPtl n. Ff TT i 00^^^^-^^^^^^^^^^^m^^^M
C L E A R A N C E WAS R E F U S E D FO R T H E A I R C R A F T C A R R YI N G T H E F I R S T !
. C O N TI N G E N T O F Z A P U E L E C T I O N WO R K E R S . WH I L E T H E T I M E S O F Z A M B I A 1
P R E S E N T S G E N E R A L L Y A B A L A N C E D R E P O R T Q U O TI N G A B H C S P O K E S M A N
AS S A YI N G T H A T T H E F L I G H T H AD N O T B E E N B L E A R E D B E C A U S E I N S U F F I C I E N T '
N O T I F I C A T I O N WAS G I V E N , T H E D A I L Y M A I L G O E S TO TO WN Q U O T I N G T H E
N O R M AL L Y **-1LD C H I N A M A N O AS C L A I M I N G T H A T " T H E B R I T I S H AR E A G A I N '
TR YIN G TO S A B O T A G E T H E TR
0 AS T H E Y D I D T O P R E S I D E N T N K O M O S " .
M S I K A I S S A I D T O H A VE Q U E S T I O N E D T H E N E U T R A L I T Y O F B R I T I S H
AU T H O R I T Y I N R H O D E S ! A . TH E B H C S P O K E S M A N 'S R E B U T T A L I S A G A I N
Q U O TE D , B U T L E S S P R O M I N E N T L Y TH AN T H E P F C L A I M S .
3# I N C I D E N T A L L Y N K O M O , WH O WAS A S L E E P WH EN T H E M E S S A G E I N
YO U R T E L 22 A R R I VE D , WAS I N F O R M E D O F I T S C O N T E N T S AT 0 6 3 0
YE S T E R D A Y M O R N I N G . B U T , AS P R E D I C T E D I N MY T E L 0 3 0 , HE I N S I S T E D
O N M A K I N G H I S G E S T U R E .
V T H I S EP1S O D E fc| AS A L S O M AD E O U R R E L A T I O N S WI T H N K O M O , AT L E A S T
T E M P O R A R I L Y, R AT H E R F R A U G H T , U N T I L N O W H E H AS B E E N M O D E R ATE I N
H I S S T A T E M E N T S -* FO R E X A M P L E , Q U E S T I O N E D O N Z A M B I A T E L E V I S I O N ' S
" S U N D A Y I N T E R V I E W" O N 6 J A N U A R Y AB O U T T H E P O S T P O N E M E N T O F H I S
OWN R E T U R N TO S A L I S B U R Y . H E P O I N T E D L Y D E C L I N E D TO T A K E U P T H E
I N T E R VI E WE R 'S S U G G E S T I O N O F B I A S A G A I N S T H I M . HE E X P L A I N E D T H A T
H E H AD G I VE N T H R E E D AYS N O T I C E O F H I S P L A N S , WH E R E AS M U Z O R E WA
H AD G I VE N T H R E E WE E K S N O T I C E O F T H E U N AC R A L L Y AN D T H AT HE,
N K O M O , H AD A C C O R D I N G L Y AG R E E D T O G I VE WA Y. B U T T H I S I N T E R VI E W
WAS R E C O R D E D B E F O R E N K O MO K N E W. O F Y E S T E R D A Y ' S C L E A R A N C E I N C I D E N T
AN D , AL TH O U G H WE H A VE D O N E O U R B E S T TO E N C O U R AG E H I M N O T/N O T T O
O VER R E A C T , WE C AN N O T C O U N T FO R T H E M O M E N T O N H I S P U B L I C
U T T E R A N C E S C O N T I N U I N G T O B E O F S U C H S T U D I E D M O D E R A T I O N .
I
5. N K O MO H AS A L S O B E E N AT P A I N S T O S T R E S S T H E N E E D FO R P A T R I O T I C
FR O N T U N I T Y B O T H _B E F O R E AN D AF T E R T H E E L E C T I O N , I F Z I M B A B WE I S
' TO A C H I E VE P E A C E AN D S T A B I L I T Y , T H I S WAS A T H E M E I N H I S S U N D AY
T E L E VI S I O N I N T E R VI E W. A C C O R D I N G L Y AN Y A T T E M P T TO D I F F E R E N T I A T E
B E TWE E N Z A P U AN D Z AN U C O U L D P O S S I B L Y B A C K F I R E , U N T I L HE J U D G E D
TH AT WE WE R E B E I N G " O B S T R U C T I V E " O VE R H I S C H A R T E R F L I G H T ,
N K O MO H AD N O T R E A C T E D AT A L L A D VE R S E L Y TO S U G G E S T I O N S T H A T YO U
WO U LD H A VE TO T A K E A P P R O P R I A T E A C T I O N A G A I N S T Z AN U AN D Z A N L A .
j IN H I S P R E S E N T MO O D H E M AY C H A N G E T A C K AN D F E E L H E S H O U L D SH O W
| S O L I D A R I T Y WI TH M U G AE E I N R E S I S T I N G WH AT H E N O W P R O F E S S E S TO S E E
AS D I S C R I M I N A T I O N I N F AVO U R O F M U Z C R E WA A G A I N S T T H E P P AS A
H WH O L E . T H U S , FO R E X A M P L E , I F I T WAS A D J U D G E D T H A T Z I P R A H AD . | | | |
H C O M P L I E D WI TH T H E C E A S E F I R E AG R E E M E N T B U T T H AT Z A N L A H AD N O T , Wm
JiKOm WO U LD B E P L A C E D I N A VE R Y D I F F I C U L T P O S I T I O N . |
I ^lfrf AUSTRALIAN HIGH COMMISSION LONDON I
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Â U S T R A L I A , , * * -
T H E H I GH C O M M I S S I O N E R
The Hon. Sir Gordon Freeth, KBE
h
(LA
7 January 1980
Dear Mr Alexander,
I refer to my letter of 24 December 1979
which enclosed the text of a letter from my Prime
Minister, the Rt. Hon. Malcolm Fraser, to your
Prime Minister, the Rt. Hon. Mrs Margaret Thatcher.
I now enclose the original of Mr Fraser's
letter.
Yours sincerely,
/aM^-'
(Gordon Freeth)
Mr Michael Alexander,
Private Secretary (Overseas Affairs)
to the Prime Minister,
Prime Minister's Office,
10 Downing Street,
LONDON, SW1.
m
P R I M E M I NI S T E R
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My d e a r P r i mÂ^C^LSjer ,
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r e a c h i n g a n a l l
C o n f e r e n c e . T h e
w i t h g r e a t p l e a s u r e t h a t I am w r i t i n g
y o u on t h e c o n s i d e r a b l e t r i u m p h f o r
p o l i c y y o u h a v e j u s t a c h i e v e d i n
p a r t y s e t t l e m e n t a t t h e L a n c a s t e r H ou s e
p r o b l e m o f R h o d e s i a was on e w h i c h
a f f e c t e d e a c h a n d e v e r y c o u n t r y o f t h e C o mmo n wea l t h i n
some d e g r e e . I n d e e d , as we wer e a l l s o p a i n f u l l y a wa r e
b e f o r e t h e L u s a k a me e t i n g , i t c a r r i e d r i s k s f o r t h e
f u t u r e o f t h e C o mmo n wea l t h i t s e l f . A u s t r a l i a , l i k e
e v e r y o t h e r C o mmo n wea l t h member a n d i n d e e d o t h e r member s
o f t h e w o r l d c o mmu n i t y , i s g r a t e f u l t o B r i t a i n f o r wh a t
i t h a s b een a b l e t o do s o s u c c e s s f u l l y u n d e r mo s t
d i f f i c u l t c i r c u m s t a n c e s .
Y o u r s u c c e s s a t t h e C o n f e r e n c e owes mu c h t o
t h e d e t e r m i n a t i o n a n d d i p l o m a t i c s k i l l e x h i b i t e d
C a r r i n g t o n
t i me s wh en
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p a t i e n c e mu s t
I c o n s i d e r i t
l o n g , b u t t h a t
l a s t f o u r t e e n w e e k s .
h a v e b een s t r a i n e d , b u t
r e ma r k a b l e n o t t h a t t h e
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o n t o common g r o u n d p a r t i e s who i n s u c h r e c e n t memor y wer e
s o f a r a p a r t .
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A u s t r a l i a h a s a l r e a d y
i m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f t h e
o f b r i n g i n g R h o d e s i a t o i n d e p e n d e n c e
Zi mb a b we i s b y n o mean s o v e r .
made c o mmi t men t s t o a s s i s t i n t h e
L a n c a s t e r H ou s e s e t t l e m e n t . We w i l l
c o n t i n u e t o do wh a t we c a n t o h e l p r e a c h t h e
Ou r t wo G o v er n men t s w i l l o f c o u r s e r e ma i n i n
i n r e g a r d t o d e v e l o p me n t s i n R h o d e s i a . T h i s
f a c i l i t a t e d b y o u r e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f a L i a i s o n
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has been a c hi e v e d so f a r pr omi s es t o have an enor mous
i mpac t on t he t r o u b l e d r e g i o n of s out her n A f r i c a .
Your Gover nment i s a c t i v e l y i n v o l v e d i n wor k i ng f o r
ot her p e a c e f u l s o l u t i o n s t o o t her pr obl ems t h a t bes et
t h a t r e g i o n . You may c ount on my Gover nment t o do
a l l i t c an t o s uppor t you i n t hes e t a s k s .
( Mal c ol m F r a s e r )
The Rt . Hon. Mar gar et That c her , M. P. ,
Pr i me Mi n i s t e r of Gr eat B r i t a i n ,
10 Downi ng S t r e e t ,
LONDON
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I N F O I M M E D I A T E L U S A K A N A I R O B I M A P U T O G A B O R O N E D A R E S S A L A A M
U K M I S N E W YO R K L U A N D A L A G O S WA S H I N G T O N P R E T O R I A A D D I S A B A B A M O N R O V I A
C A N B E R R A O T T A WA WE L L I N G T O N P R I O R I T Y P E K I N G M O S C O W P R A G U E D A K A R
K I N S H A S A K H A R T O U M T O K Y O S E C P O S T S K U WA I T K I N G S T O N B R I D G E T O WN
D A C C A N E W D E L H I S I N G A P O R E G E O R G E T O WN F R E E T O WN P O R T L O U I S P O R T O F
S P A I N L I L O N G WE V A L L E T T A B A N J U L C O L O M B O A C C R A K U A L A L U M P U R N I C O S I A
I O S L O S T O C K H O L M L I S B O N M A D R I D A T H E N S M B A B A N E A B I D J A N
I N F O S A V I N G N A S S A U M A S E R U C A S T R I E S S U V A P O R T M O R E S B Y H O N I A R A
N U K U A L O F A V I C T O R I A T A R A WA U K D E L N A T O S O F I A B U D A P E S T B U C H A R E S T
E A S T B E R L I N B E L G R A D E C A I R O A L G I E R S T U N I S T R I P O L I R A B A T T E H R A N .
R H O D E S I A S C E A S E F I R E
I .
1. I T I S S T I L L N O T P O S S I B L E T O M A K E A F I N A L E S T I M A T E O F T H E N U M B E R
O F P A T IR O T I C F R O N T F O R C E S WH I C H H A V E A S S E M B L E D . T H E R E A R E STILL
S O M E F O R C E S C O M I N G I N . O U R P R E S E N T E S T I M A T E I S I N T H E R E G I O N O F
I 16,000.
1 2 . I V "IS WE L L N I G H I M P O S S I B L E T O F O R M A N A C C U R A T E E S T I M A T E A T
T H I S S T A G E O F T H E E X T E N T O F C R O S S -B O R D E R M O V E M E N T . B U T T H I S M A Y -
H A VE B E E N O N T H E S C A L E S I N C E 20 N O VE M B E R O F A B O U T 1G00 F R O M
Z A M B I A A N D U P T O 3-4,000 F R O M M O Z A M B I Q U E .
3. T H E R H O D E S I A N M I L I T A R Y C O M M A N D E R S A R E V E R Y
E X E R C I S E D A B O U T T H E B E H A V I O U R O F Z A N L A T H R O U G H O U T T H E "
A S S E M B L Y P R O C E S S A N D Of 2 AN L A G R O U P S S I N C E I T H A S E N D E D ,
A S WE L L A S B Y T H E E X T E N T O F C R O S S B O R D E R M O V E M E N T T H E Y B E L I E V E T O
HI H A VE T A K E N P L A C E . , - MM
A . O VE R 5,000 Z I P R A H A V E A S S E M B L E D A N D T H I S C L E A R L Y I S A
H I G H P R O P O R T I O N O F T H E Z I P R A F O R C E S . T H R O U G H O U T T H E A S S E M B L Y
P R O C E S S Z I P R A H A V E B E E N R E S P O N S I B L E F O R F A R F E WE R I N C I D E N T S
I T H A T Z A N L A . T H E I R C O N T R O L A N D D I S C I P L I N E I S B E T T E R A N D
T H E Y A R E M U C H M O R E C L E A R L Y C O M M I T T E D T O M A K I N G T H E O P E R A T I O N A
S U C C E S S . M U G A B E ' S A T T I T U D E ( S E E M A P U T O T E L N O 29 T O YO U - N O T T O
A L L ) I S R E F L E C T E D I N T H A T O F S O M E O F T H E Z A N L A C O M M A N D E R S ,
I WH I T H WH O M R E L A T I O N S A R E M O R E D I F F I C U L T .
| 5. T O D A Y T H E R E H A V E B E E N A N U M B E R O F I N C I D E N T S I N WH I C H
I. O U T S T A N D I N G Z A N L A G R O U P S H A V E B E E N P E R S U A D E D T O L A Y D O WN T H E I R
A R M S A N D J O I N T H E A S S E M B L Y P R O C E S S . T H E R H O D E S I A N F O R C E S H A V E B E E N I
I; A C T I N G WI T H R E S T R A I N T . WE S H A L L H E N C E F O R T H B E O P E R A T I N G O N T H E
f CONFIDENTIAL / BASIS THAT
CONFIDENTIAL
BASIS THAT LATE COMERS CANNOT AS A GENERAL RULE PROCEED TO
THE ASSEMBLY PLACES WITH THEIR ARMS (WITH THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE
MONITORING TEAMS FROM THE RENDEZVOUS POINTS THIS WOULD BE TOO
DIFFICULT AND POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS TO ORGANISE).
6. I SHALL BE MAKING A BROADCAST THIS EVENING TO THANK THE
COMMONWEALTH MONITORING FORCE, THE POLICE, THE RHODESIAN FORCES
AN D THE PATRIOTIC FRONT COMMANDERS FOR THEIR CONDUCT DURING THIS
DIFFICULT AND DANGEROUS OPERATION. THAT OF THE MONITORING FORCE HAS
BEEN BEYOND PR A ISE. -I
I 7. WE SHALL NOT REPEAT MOT FOR THE NEXT FEW DAYS BE MAKING A FINAL
JUDGEMENT OF THE EXTENT TO- WHICH THE ASSEMBLY OF THE FORCES
CONSTITUTES FULFILMENT OF THE CEASEFIRE AGREEMENT. THIS WILL DEPEND
ON THE EXTENT OF CROSS BORDER MOVEMENT: THE CONDUCT OF FORCES I
WHICH HAVE NOT ASSEMBLED: AND WHETHER THE LARGE NUMBERS WHICH
HAVE ASSEMBLED REMAIN IN THE IN THE CAMPS. IT IS CLEAR HOWEVER,
TH AT THE COMMANDERS ON BOTH SIDES HAVE MADE A REAL EFFORT AND I
THAT THIS HAS BEEN ACCOMPANIED ON THE Z I P R A SIDE BY A
REAL POLITICAL WILL TO MAKE THE OPERATION A SUCCESS.
H FCO P A S S ALL AND SAVING ALL / j
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MED PS/ SIR I GILMOTJ R
Wm PUSD PS/ MR LUCE . * \ g
PLANNING STAFF PS/ MR RIDLEY .
ES & SD PS/ MR KURD
NENAD PS/ MR MARTEN
GOD PS/ PUS
PRD SIR" D* MAITLAND
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TJ ND MR HANNAY
LEGAL ADYISEE3 LORD N G- IZKNOX
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POD MR ASPIN
DEF D MR MILLS
- 2 -
| CONFIDENTIAL .
fP F C O 0 4 1 8 1 0 Z J A N 80 (N /
TO I M M E D I A T E S A L I S B U R Y \
T E L E G R A M N U M B E R 3 7 O F 4 J A N U A R Y
I.. I N F O C A N B E R R A O TTAWA WE L L I N G T O N WAS H I N G TO N U K M I 'S N EW YO R K D E L H I
YO U R T E L N O 2 4 : C O M M O N WE ALTH O B S E R VE R S .
1. R AM P H AL C A L L E D O N ME T H I S MO R N i M G , H E S A I D T H A T H I S P R E S E N T
P L AN WAS TO S E N D H I S 1 1 O B S E R VE R S AN D 2 2 A S S I S T A N T S TO S A L I S B U R Y
A R R I VI N G O N 2 4 J A N U A R Y . T H E Y WO U LD B E A S S E M B L I N G I N LO N D O N A FE W
D AYS B E F O R E T H I S , T H E Y WE R E A D I S T I N G U I S H E D G R O U P , I N C L U D I N G T H R E E
A P P E A L C O U R T J U D G E S . M AN Y H AD H AD E L E C T I O N E X P E R I E N C E I N T H E I R O WN
C O U N T R I E S .
2. I E X P L A I N E D T H E D I F F I C U L T I E S AB O U T T H I S T I M I N G . D R AWI N G O N
YO U R T E L E G R A M U N D E R R E F E R E N C E , i S A I D T H AT I T WAS I M P O S S I B L E TO
I AG R E E TO AMY F I R M D A T E S U N T I L T H E S I T U A T I O N B E C A M E C L E A R E R AN D T H A T
i WO U LD C O N S U L T YO U F U R T H E R AB O U T T H I S , K E E P I N G I N TO U C H WI TH
R A M P H A L . I M AD E C L E A R T H AT YO U WO U LD B E U N A B L E TO P L A C E A P P R O P R I A T E
F A C I L I T I E S AT T H E D I S P O S A L O F T H E O B S E R VE R S U N T I L AB O U T 7 F E B R U A R Y.
R AM P H AL S A I D T H I S WO U LD C A U S E H I M S O M E D I F F I C U L T Y . H E H AD TO G I VE
F I R M D A T E S TO TH E O B S E R VE R S I N O R D E R TO G E T TH E M A S S E M B L E D I N T I M E .
H E AS K E D WH E TH E R T H E Y C O U L D G O TO S A L I S B U R Y B E F O R E P R O P E R F A C I L I T I E S
WE R E E S T A B L I S H E D TO S E T T L E I N AMD S T A R T M A K I N G C O N T A C T S . T H E
S E C R E T A R I A T H AD A L R E A D Y B O O K E D H O T E L A C C O M M O D A T I O N . I R E P E A T E D TH AT
WE C O U L D N O T A G R E E F I R M D A T E S AT T H I S S T A G E , TH O U G H T H E S E C R E T A R I A T
C O U LD P R O C E E D WI TH T H E I R P L A N N I N G . I A S K E D WH E TH E R T H E C H A I R M A N AN D
O N E O R TWO O TH E R O B S E R VE R S M I G H T G O O U T O N 2 4 J A N U A R Y AS AN
AD VAN C E P A R T Y, WI TH T H E R E S T TO F O L L O W L A T E R . R AM P H AL S A I D I T
WO U LD B E VE R Y D I F F I C U L T TO D I V I D E U P H I S G R O U P I N T H I S WA Y. H E
AL S O S A I D T H A T H E WI S H E D TO S E N D U P TO 8 5 F U R T H E R S T A F F TO H E L P
O B S E R VE TH E A C T U A L P O L L I N G , I S A I D j WAS S U R E WE C O U L D N O T C O P E
WI TH T H I S S O R T O F O P E R A T I O N AT A L L .
3 . O N F A C I L I T I E S , I E X P L A I N E D TO R AM P H AL T H AT P R O T E C T E D V E H I C L E S
C O U LD N O T B E A L L O C A T E D S P E C I F I C A L L Y TO P A R T I C U L A R O B S E R VE R S . I T
WAS L I K E L Y T H A T A P O O L WO U LD B E E S T A B L I S H E D WH I C H WO U LD 3 E
D R AWN U P O N U N D E R A R R A N G E M E N T S M AD E B Y YO U . E VE N O U R S U P E R VI S O R S
C ft i NFl i i FK!Ti Al
^mttfktBP il \ j U fl i h&f USA 1 \ i B 2 %\ &

I ' -CONFIDENTIAL ' I
WO U LD N O T H AVE P R O T E C T E D V E H I C L E S O F T H E I R O WN . R AM P .H AL A S K E D
WH E TH E R TH E C O M M O N WE ALTH O B S E R VE R S WO U LD H A VE P R I O R I T Y IN T H E
U S E O F TH E F A C I L I T I E S A V A I L A B L E . I AC K N O WL E D G E D T H AT T H E Y H AD A
C E R T A I N S T A T U S U N D E R T H E L U S A K A AG R E E M E N T AN D T H AT WE WO U LD D O WH AT
WE C O U L D TO F A C I L I T A T E T H E I R T A S K . R AM P H AL A S K E D WH E TH E R WE C O U L D
H E L P I N F I N D I N G O F F I C E A C C O M M O D A T I O N . I M AD E N O C O M M I T M E N T . G R A T E -
F U L F O R A D VI C E O N T H I S .
4 . I WE L L U N D E R S T AN D YO U R C O N C E R N AN D I H A VE M AD E N O D E F I N I T E
C O M M I TM E N TS TO R A M P H A L AB O U T TH E S I Z E O F T H E C O M M O N WE ALTH G R O U P
O R T H E D ATE O F I T S A R R I V A L . I B E L I E V E T H A T I H AVE M AD E S O M E
H E AD WAY TO WAR D S C O N VI N C I N G H I M O F T H E D I F F I C U L T I E S YO U F A C E . H E ,
FO R H I S P A R T , R E G A R D S T H E O F F E R TO D E F E R TH E G R O U P 'S A R R I VA L U N T I L
2 4 J A N U A R Y AS A C O N C E S S I O N (I T I S A M O VE I N TH E R I G H T D I R E C T I O N ) AN D
A C C E P T S TH AT I F O B S E R VE R S A R R I VE B E F O R E 6 F E B R U A R Y T H E Y C AN N O T E X P E C T
AMY S P E C I A L F A C I L I T I E S TO B E A V A I L A B L E . WE S H A L L K E E P I N TO U C H WI TH
H I M , M A K I N G C L E A R T H A T WE M U S T H A VE YO U R A D VI C E B E F O R E A G R E E I N G T H AT
TH E G R O U P S H O U L D D E P A R T F R O M L O N D O N .
5. B U T I AM B O U N D TO S A Y T H A T , ! M T H E L I G H T O F TH E C O M M I T M E N T S I
M AD E AT TH E C O N S T I T U T I O N A L C O N F E R E N C E TO ALLO W O B S E R VE R S TO WI T N E S S
TH E WH O LE E L E C T O R A L P R O C E S S , I T WO U LD B E D I F F I C U L T TO D E L A Y T H E I R
A R R I VA L B E YO N D TH E E N D O F T H E M O N T H , TH O U G H WE WI L L T R Y TO P E R S U A D E
R AM P H AL TO D E F E R T H E G R O U P 'S D E P A R T U R E I N TO T H E WE E K B E G I N N I N G P S
J A N U A R Y. N O R D O I T H I N K WE S H A L L I N T H E E N D B E A B L E TO H O LD T H E
G R O U P B E LO W 40, T H A T I S TH E 1 1 O B S E R VE R S WI TH TWO A S S I S T A N C E E AC H
AMD H A L F A D O Z E N S U P P O R T I N G S T A F F , TH O U G H WE S H A L L M AK E S U R E T H E Y
R E A L I S E T H E S T R A I N T H I S WI L L P U T O N YO U R R E S O U R C E S AN D YO U R A B I L I T Y
TO P R O VI D E F A C I L I T I E S . S H O P E M YS E L F TO M E E T T H E G R O U P O N 2 2 J A N U A R Y
WH EN T H E Y AR E A S S E M B L I N G I N LO N D O N AMD WI L L M AK E Q U I T E C L E A R MY
VI E W O F T H E I R R O L E AS WE L L AS T H E C O N S T R A I N T S O N YO U R A B I L I T Y TO H E L P
T H E M . T H I S I S R E A L L Y TH E B E S T I C AN D O F O R T H E M O M E N T: N O T H I N G I S
F I N A L L Y D E C I D E D B U T I M AY WE L L H A VE TO AS K YO U TO A C C E P T M O R E O F
T H E M , AN D A R R I VI N G R AT H E R E A R L I E R , TH AN YO U WAN T . I H O P E T H A T YO U
WI L L A L S O U N D E R S T AN D MY D I F F I C U L T I E S .
I
>
W^'a M rl U i i I M t I AL
I
I I CONFIDENTIAL
6. TH E Q U E S T I O N O F I M M U N I T Y WAS N O T R A I S E D . B U T WE S H A L L T A K E
AN O P P O R T U N I T Y TO M AK E C L E A R TO T H E S E C R E T A R I A T T H AT T H E P R E C E D E N T S
AR E A G A I N S T TH E M AN D T H A T T H E O B S E R VE R S WI L L I N AN Y C A S E B E U N D E R
' YO U R P R O T E C T I O N .
C A R R I N G T O N
P I L E S ADDITIONAL DISTRIBUTION
RHOD D OID RHODESIA POLICY
OADS NEWS D
NAD PS
PUSD PS/MR LUCE
PLANITING STAPP PS/MR RIDLEY
ES & SD PSA2R KURD
NENAD PS/MR MARTEN
CCD PS/PTJS .
PRD SIR D MAITLAND
EID (E)
UND MR HANNAY
(MR PIPOOT) MR DAY
ECON D MR FEEGTJSSON
PCD MR ASPIN
DEP D ME MILLS O
C C
:
:DEN7IAL

I]
\
[RHODESIA: POLICY: . ADVANCE COPIES] H
( W/ smi Gi u^m PS/NO ^ W ^ I N G STREET H
po/ pL
LUCE
> ~ \ \ SIR R ARMSTRONG )
HD/RHOD DEPT (A) ^ H
HD/C AF D L H
HD/PUSD (2) 9
HD/NEWS DSPT /j ' I
HT>/V.
R
AD M w^v, < K u\ t u* +^
MR FRSELAND LEGAL ADVISER RPK200A L 7W. ^ Û ,
b
MR-FIFCOT LEGAL ADVISER RM FFI 64 ff '
COTJF l y c p i i i " v _ yi/Vv ' ^ ^ JIM- c^ L 7C\ ^ A CAA(J[ U. JL . - M
FROM SALISBURY 3412052 JAN 30 w , Z 1/ 7 777 h A, "I
TO PR I OR ITY FCO ' / , I /
TELEGRAM NUMBER 41 OF 4 JANUARY 1930. ^
INFO PRIORITY MAPUTO MODUK (DMO DSLL) AND LUSAKA. J
MAPUTO TELNO 10 TO ME: MOZAMB I QUE/ RHODES I A.
1. HONWANA AND HIS PARTY ATTENDED TWO MEETINGS AT GOVERNMENT HOUSE
ON 3 JANUARY AT WHICH THE MONITORING FORCE HEADQUARTERS WERE ALOS
REPRESENTED. THE ATMOSPHERE WAS CORDIAL THROUGHOUT.
HONWANA BEGAN BY ASSURING US OF HIS GOVERNMENT'S FULL SUPPORT FOR
: THE LANCASTER HOUSE AGREEMENTS AND FOR THEIR DETERMINATION TO HELP
US IN SEEING THEM FULLY IMPLEMENTED. HE POINTED OUT THAT SINCE *
MOZAMBIQUE ENJOYS FRIENDLY RELATIONS WITH BOTH HMG AND THE PF
HIS DELEGATION WAS WELL PLACED TO ASS IST IN MAKING A SUCCESS OF
THE TRANSITIONAL PERIOD AND THEY STOOD READY TO DO THIS. HE SAID THAT
THE COMAG AIRCRAFT WHICH IS STANDING BY TO FLY BETWEEN SALISBURY AND
MAPUTO WAS AT OUR DISPOSAL.
2. HONWANA MADE NO REFERENCE TO THE CNLSSANO MEMORANDUM BUT
RAISED THE FOLLOWING POINTS WITH US (OUR FULLER COMMENTS ON
MOZAMD I CAN FORCES WITH THE PF AND THE VOICE OF FREE AFRICA ARE IN
H
(1) MO Z A MB I CAN "MERCENARIES" WITH THE RHODES IAN SECURITY FORCES.
]
HE A L L E a c D THAT A LARGE NUMBER HAD ALREADY SURRENDERED IN MOZAMBIQUE.
HE ASKED THAT THE REMAINDER SHOULD BE "CONTAINED" AND SUPPORT FOR j
X'-i M i ^ W. 'p- i K.-i*W*)s; i h SFU I 'E H J n pp; C T P M? 1 \ ''<A TIP H S /C T >p iMTFTf, 0(1 T P A T Tr . fr mm
' f r i c i F R O : 1 r . nuOEO i A oH-.A' ui ) BE Tci - . : i !.<''>TED, -.vE POi i TED OU~i Ti D' T THE.
I * A C T I V I T I E S O F A L L TH E R H O D E S I AN S E C U R I T Y F O R C E S -./AR E 3 E I N 0
M O N I TO R E D ai TH E C E A S E F I R E M O N I T O R I N G F O R C E S , H O N WAN A D I D NOT AS K f
H| TH AT TH E " M E R C E N A R I E S " S H O U L D D E R E T U R N E D TO M O Z A M B I Q U E .
( 2) B O E D E R C R O S S I N G . H O N WAN A R E F E R R E D TO AN I N C I D E N T O N 2 ? DEcf f cj ER
WH EN R H O D E S I AN H E L I C O P T E R S C R O S S E D TH E B O R D E R I N TO M O Z AM B I Q U E
A P P A R E N T L Y I N P U R S U I T O F A P F U N I T . wE U N D E R TO O K TO I N VE S T I G A T E .
(3 ) P R O P AG AN D A B R O A D C A S T S . H O N WAMA S A I D B R O A D C A S T S F R O M "
I - R A D I O F R E E A F R I C A " B E AM E D AT M O Z AM B I Q U E WE R E C O N T I N U I N G AN D WE R E
I P A R T I C U L A R L Y" U N H E L P F U L . WE U N D E R TO O K TO M AK E F U R T H E R E N Q U I R I E S . - I
(4) M O Z AM 3 1 C AN F O R C E S I N R H O D E S I A , S P R M WI S H TO M AK E I M M E D I A T E
C O N TAC T WI TH TH E 5 0 0 O D D M O Z A M B I C A N T R O O P S WH O H AD B E E N F I G H T I N G
A L O N G S I D E TH E P F AN D WO U LD NOW IN M AN Y C A S E S B E R E P O R T I N G TO A S S E M B L Y
P O I N T S . WE S A I D N O M O Z A M B I C A N S H AD I D E N T I F I E D T H E M S E L VE S TO U S AS
YE T AN D T ri AT WE WO U LD P R E F E R TO WA I T U N T I L TH E C E A S E F I R E AN D
A S S E M B L Y P R O C E S S H AD S E T T L E D D O WN B E F O R E T H I R D P A R T I E S V I S I T E D
TH E C A M P S ,
(5) V I S A S FO R J O U R N A L I S T S . H O N WAN A AR G U E D T H A T TH E P R E S E N C E OF
M O ZAM B I C AN J O U R N A L I S T S WO U LD H E L P TO P E R S U A D E D O M E S T I C O P I N I O N I N
I M O Z AM B I Q U E O F TH E A D VA N T A G E S O F TH E N EW P O L I C Y O F C O O P E R A T I O N .
I WE P R O M I S E D TO D O WH AT WE C O U L D TO S P E E D U P T H E I R V I S A A P P L I C A T I O N S . I
j (6 ) R O WS . H O N WAN A R A I S E D TH E C A S E S O F TWO M O Z AM B I C AN P R I S O N E R S O F
I WAR A L L E G E D L Y C A P T U R E D I N A U G U S T . WE U N D E R TO O K TO F O LLO W T H I S U P
WI TH TH E R H O D E S I A N S E C U R I T Y F O R C E S .
3 . WE E X P R E S S E D G R A T I T U D E FO R TH E C O O P E R A T I O N WH I C H WE WE R E
R E C E I VI N G F R O M TH E M O Z AM B I C A N G O VE R N M E N T AN D O U R S A T I S F A C T I O N
TH AT C O N T A C T H AD N O W B E E N M AD E A T i C F TH E 5 B O R D E R C R O S S I N G P O I N T S .
WE L O O K E D TO TH E M O Z AM B I C AN G O VE R N M E N T TO P R E VE N T I L L E G A L B O R D E R
C R O S S I N G S . TH E I N C I D E N T A T M AC H I P AN D A I N VO L VI N G M O Z A M B I C A N R A I L WA Y
WO R K E R S H AD B E E N , WE P R E S U M E D , TH E R E S U L T O F A M I S U N D E R S T A N D I N G .
I k, WE R A I S E D WI TH H O N AWAN A TH E Q J U E S TI O N O F D E T A I N E E S B E I N G H E L D

li B Y Z AN U AN D A S K E D T H A T TH E M O Z A M B I C A N A U T H O R I T I E S S H O U L D D O
WH AT TH E Y C O U L D TO S E C U R E T H E I R E A R L Y R E L E A S E . H O N WAN A S A I D
TH AT TriE M O Z AM B J C AN G O VE R N M E N T WAS A L R E A D Y P R E S S I N G Z AN U TO R E L E A S E
TH E D E T A I N E E S AN D U N D E R S TO O D T H A T T H E Y WO U LD B E F R E E D I N TH E N E AR
F U T U R E .
3 . * E AR R AN G E D TO H AVE A F U R T H E R M E E T I N G WI TH H O N WAN A E A R L Y N E XT
WE E K , WE A L S O O F F E R E D H I S A S S I S T A N C E WI TH C O M M U N I C A T I O N S
TO M AP U TO AN D WI TH R E N T I N G A H O U S E FO R TH E D E L E G A T I O N 'S H E AD Q U AR T E R S I
D U R I N G TH E T R A N S I T I O N A L PER I C D . A L L I N A L L A P R O M I S I N G S T A R T .
I S E E M I F T ,
F C O P S E P A S S TO A L L
I CONFIDENTIAL I
I I
i GR 530
CONF I DE NTI AL I
DESKBY SALI SBURY 0409302
DF.SKBY FCO 041000Z
FM LUSAKA 0408252 /
TO I MMEDI ATE SAL I SBURY y^\ S^
TEL NO, I S OF 4 J ANUARY 1980 1
REPEATED TO I MMEDI ATE F CO, MAPUTO, GABORONE.
ZAPU'S PLANS TO RETURN HOME.
i , J OSHUA NKOMO CONTACTED US THI S MORNI NG. HE SAI D THAT HE HAD
NOW CONSI DERED THE F UL L I MPLI CATI ONS OF WHAT WAS REQUI RED DURI NG
THE E LE CTI ON CAMPAI GN AHEAD. ZAPU HAD BEEN BANNED UNTI L 2 WEEKS AGO
WITH NEARLY AL L I TS TOP LEADERS EI THER DETAI NED OR IN E X I L E . I F HE
WAS GOI NG TO PUT UP A CRE DI BLE PERFORMANCE IN THE E LE CTI ON IT WAS
NOW URGENTLY NECESSARY FOR HI M TO SEND BACK PARTY WORKERS ON A
LARGE SCAL E , I
H
' 2. HE PLANNED TO CHARTER AI RCRAF T AT ZAPU' S E XPE NSE . HE HOPED TO
RETURN SOME 200 O F THE MOST I MPORTANT PARTY WORKERS* IN THE
NEXT 2/ 3 DAYS. IN THE PERI OD 10- 15 J ANUARY HE AI MED TO SEND IN 1
I . ANOTHER 3, 000 (RPT 3, 000) BY AI R. IN ADDI TI ON TO CHARTERI NG THE
AI RCRAFT REQUI RED ZAPU WOULD ALSO BE RE SPONSI BLE FOR THE COST AND 1
I FOR THE RE CE PTI ON/ DI SPE RSAL ARRANGEMENTS IN SAL I SBURY. NONE OF THESE |
j PEOPLE WOULD BE A BURDEN ON TH E COLONY. THEY WOULD ALL HAVE HOMES
B
I J AND WORK TO GO TO. THI S PARTY AI RL I F T WOULD I NCI DE NTALLY
H TH E OVERALL RETURNEE TOTAL B U T WAS NOT TO B E SEEN AS PART
llj THE I NTERNATI ONAL REFUGEE PL AN. THE MAJ ORI TY OF THE 3,000
! BE WOMEN. NKOMO WOULD BE GI VI NG I NSTRUCT IONS TO CHAMBATI
TODAY,
REDUCE
OF
WOULD 1
LATER I
I
| 3. NKOMO SAI D THAT HI S I MMEDI ATE PURPOSE IN CONTACTI NG US WAS TO j
1
I INFORM THE GOVERNOR AS A MATTER OF COURTESY WHAT HE HAD IN MI ND.
,
H|
PP
] I IF THERE WERE ANY F ORMALI TI E S RE QUI RE D, HE WOULD WANT TO ABI DE
/ B Y THEM. A jR TRAF F I C CLEARANCES WOULD BE SOUGHT IN THE NORMAL "
WAY. HE ASSUMED THERE WOULD BE NO DI F F I CUL TY IN PRI NCI PL E BECAUSE
B |
II
H WE SHARED THE WISH THAT PEOPLE SHOULD G O HOME. THERE WAS IN FACT WM
ONE TE CHNI CAL PROBLEM IN THAT FEW OF HI S PEOPLE n *n P A ' ^ P H P T ^ H E
I
C O N FID EN TIAL I # I
1 SUGGESTED THAT EACH RETURNING PASSENGER SHOULD BE ISSUED WITH
A ZAPU IDENTITY CARD. THOSE WHO DID HOLD PASSPORTS OR RHODES iAN
SITUPA3 WOULD CARRY THOSE AS WELL OR INSTEAD. HE WOULD SUPPLY
ALL NAMES IN ADVANCE,
4. NKOMO CONFIRMED THAT THERE WAS NO QUESTION OF ANY OF THESE
PEOPLE CARRYING WEAPONS OR ENGAGING IN ANYTHING OTHER THAN
POLITICAL OR ADMINISTRATIVE WORK. HE DESCRIBED THEM AS ZAPU'S
ELECTION STAFF. IN THIS CONTEXT NKOMO SAID THAT WHILE HE HAD
TRIED TO RESPOND HELPFULLY TO THE GOVERNOR'S REQUEST THAT HE-
DELAY HIS RETURN BY A WEEK (REALIZING THAT WE HAD A GENUINE
PROBLEM ON OUR HANDS), IT WAS NEVERTHELESS THE CASE THAT THE
DELAY WOULD SET BACK HIS ELECTION PLANS, PARTICULARLY AS HE
WOULD NOT NOW BE ABLE TO CONFER WITH POLITICAL LEADERS OF
OTHER, INTERNAL, PARTIES BEFORE 14 JANUARY (BY WHICH TIME
IMPORTANT DECISIONS WERE REQUIRED ON POSSIBLE POLITICAL
ALLIANCES, ETC.),
5. NKOMO SOUGHT OUR URGENT ASSISTANCE IN SUPPLYING HIM WITH I
CHAM3AT1 TELEPHONE S
1
NUMBER IN SAL13BURY,
6. HE ALSO SAID THAT IF WE HAD ANY ADVICE OR COMMENTS WHICH
WOULD AFFECT THESE PLANS HE WOULD BE GLAD TO HEAR IT AS SCON
AS POSSIBLE SO THAT HIS STAFF COULD TAKE IT INTO ACCOUNT. 1
m\\m
NEILSON.
SHOD D OID RHODESIA POLICY
OADS NEWS D
NAD PS I
PUSD PS/MR LUCE
ES & SD PS/MR KURD
NENAD PS/MR MARTEN
CCD PS/PUS
FRD SIR D MAITLAND
EID (E) MR BULLARD
UND . MR HANNAY
(MR FEEELA1TD) MISS BROWN
(ME FIFOOT). MR DAY
ECON D MR FERGUSSON
POD MR ASPIN
DEF. D MR MILLS ^
H j T AM n n P M T I Ai \ \ \ \ m
I
i
4
From the Private Secretary January 1979
I ' >
Rhodesia: Messages from the P r e s i d e n t s o f
T u n i s i a and Bangladesh
Thank you f o r your l e t t e r of 3 January
e n c l o s i n g messages to the Prime M i n i s t e r
from the P r e s i d e n t s o f T u n i s i a and Bangladesh.
I agree t h a t you s h o u l d proceed as you propose.
I j
M. O'D. B. ALEXANDER
mm I
j R o d e r i c Lyne, Esq. ,
<
^ l ^
H
H I HHHH
I I
From the Private Secretary 4 January 1979
\\\m\m\
Thank you f o r your l e t t e r o f 2 January
e n c l o s i n g a message to the Prime M i n i s t e r
from the Prime M i n i s t e r of I n d i a .
i HH
I have, as r e q u e s t e d , brought Mr. Singh's
message to the Prime M i n i s t e r ' s immediate
a t t e n t i o n . H
i l l
j Tvj. O'D. B. ALEXANDER H
I I '
Mr. I.P. Singh
I I
. " *
i i i i i H
i
4
From the Pri vate Secretary
J a
a r y 1979
I e n c l o s e a copy of a message t o the
Prime M i n i s t e r from the I n d i a n Prime M i n i s t e r .
I have acknowledged r e c e i p t of
Mr. Charan Singh's message. I do not t h i n k
t h a t any f u r t h e r a c t i o n i s r e q u i r e d .
- J
I j M. 0'D. B. ALEXANDER | l
I |
- /
fl j in
i t ' i
i
R o d e r i c Lyne, Esq.,
H rj ^ - C O M M O N WE A L T H S E C R E T A R I A T Hj
C A B L E S : C O M S E C G E N L O N D O N SW1 M A R L B O R O U G H H O U S E ,
T E L E X : 2 7 6 7 8 P A L L M A L L ,
T E L E P H O N E . 0 1 -8 3 9 3 4 1 1 E xt: L O N D O N , S W1 Y 5 H X

Your ref:
Our ref:
C. 151/4/5 4 January 1980
I /2viA l
Commonwealth Committee on Southern A f r i c a
N o t i c e of Meeting
A meeting of the Committee w i l l be h e l d on Tuesday,
8 January 1980, at 3.00 p.m. i n Marlborough House.
The purpose of the meeting w i l l be to review
p r e p a r a t i o n s and arrangements f o r the Commonwealth Observer
Group that w i l l be going to Rhodesia f o r the e l e c t i o n s i n
that country.
As P*~"~* f > ^ M. Malhoutra H
Committee S e c r e t a r y

I i f f Co mmo n we a l t h I
I l| g|t I n f o r ma t i o n I
NEWS RELEASE 3 January 1980
80/2
COMMONWEALTH OBSERVER GROUP FOR RHODESIAN ELECTION
The Commonwealth S e c r e t a r y - G e n e r a l , Mr. S h r i d a t h
Ramphal, announced today the c o n s t i t u t i o n of an
eleven-member Commonwealth Observer Group to r e p o r t
on a l l aspects of the Rhodesian e l e c t i o n . I t s
appointment was envisaged i n the agreement reached
by Commonwealth l e a d e r s i n Lusaka l a s t August.
The Chairman o f the Group w i l l be Mr. Rajeshwar Dayal,
the Indian diplomat who came to i n t e r n a t i o n a l prominence
d u r i n g the c r i s i s i n the Congo where he served as UN
S e c r e t a r y - G e n e r a l Dag Hammarskjold's S p e c i a l Representa-
t i v e i n 1960 - 61.
Other members of the Group w i l l be drawn from A u s t r a l i a ,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Canada, Ghana, Jamaica, N i g e r i a ,
GeyuMS : Papua New Guinea, S i e r r a Leone and S r i Lanka. T h e i r
names w i l l be announced s h o r t l y .
As (i su 7 l | i l
The Team of observers w i l l r e p o r t to Commonwealth Heads
o f Government through the S e c r e t a r y - G e n e r a l . Members flj
serve i n t h e i r i n d i v i d u a l c a p a c i t i e s , not as r e p r e s e n t a -
t i v e s o f t h e i r governments.
The Group i s expected to observe a l l aspects of the
e l e c t o r a l campaign and the e l e c t i o n s themselves, and
to r e p o r t to Commonwealth governments i n the c o n t e x t of
the Lusaka and L a n c a s t e r House agreements f o r f r e e and
f a i r e l e c t i o n s .
The e l e v e n o b s e r v e r s , with two s u p p o r t i n g s t a f f each,
are expected to a r r i v e i n Rhodesia around the middle of
January. A d d i t i o n a l s t a f f w i l l j o i n them about ten days
b e f o r e p o l l i n g i n February.
C O M M O N WE A L T H
S E C R E T AR I AT
Marl borough House
London SW1Y 5HX
01-839 3411
ESSfiSj
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Chairman: Mr. Rajeshwar Dayal combines a a i s t i n g u i s h e d
d i p l o m a t i c c a r e e r w i t h e a r l i e r experience i n p r o v i n c i a l
a d m i n i s t r a t i o n i n I n d i a as a d i s t r i c t m a g i s t r a t e and
c o l l e c t o r and as Home S e c r e t a r y i n the then U n i t e d
P r o v i n c e s Government.
As I n d i a ' s Permanent R e p r e s e n t a t i v e to the U n i t e d
Nations 1952-54, he served on the S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l
as w e l l as on the Economic and S o c i a l C o u n c i l , the
T r u s t e e s h i p C o u n c i l , and the Human Rights Commission,
and was Chairman o f the Committee on Disarmament. In
1958 he was a member of the UN O b s e r v a t i o n Group i n
the Lebanon. In 1969 he became the f i r s t Chairman of
the UN Committee on the E l i m i n a t i o n of R a c i a l D i s c r i -
m i n a t i o n . Mr. Dayal has been I n d i a ' s Ambassador i n
Belgrade and P a r i s and High Commissioner i n P a k i s t a n ,
and served as F o r e i g n S e c r e t a r y 1967-68.
A f t e r r e t i r i n g from the d i p l o m a t i c s e r v i c e , he has h e l d
s e v e r a l academic appointments; he has been a F e l l o w of
S t . Antony's C o l l e g e , Oxford, and of the Woodrow Wilson
I n t e r n a t i o n a l Centre f o r S c h o l a r s , Washington, and
S c h o l a r i n Residence at the Aspen I n s t i t u t e f o r Human-
i s t i c S t u d i e s .
He has been a member o f the Governing C o u n c i l o f the
I n t e r n a t i o n a l I n s t i t u t e f o r Environment and Development
founded by Barbara Ward and of the governing body o f
the Indian I n s t i t u t e f o r I n t e r n a t i o n a l S t u d i e s and a
T r u s t e e of the Dag Hammarskjold Foundation i n Uppsala,
Sweden. H i s book on the Congo, M i s s i o n f o r Hammarskjold, ~-H
i s to be f o l l o w e d soon by A Martyred Country on the
c i v i l war i n the Lebanon.
Ends

I [R H O D E S L A : P O L I C Y : A D VA N C E C O P I E S ]
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I C O N F I D E N T I AL
FM MAP U TO 0 3 1 4 2 0 2
TE LE G R AM N U MB ER 13 O F 3 J AN U AR Y
IN FO TO P R I O R I T Y FC O LU S AK A
MY TE LN O 1 5 \ R E TU R N O F ZAN U
1 . J H AVE S E E N MU G A3 E B R I E F L Y. H E H I M S E L F H AS N O P L AN S FO R
R E TU R N I N G TO S A L I S B U R Y IN TH E I M M E D I ATE F U T U R E : AN D IN AN Y C AS E
H E AG R E E S TH AT WE S H O U LD H AVE P L E N TY O f N O TI C E AN D AG R E E
AR R AN G E M E N TS .
2. I TO LD H I M TH AT A P L A N E -L O A D O N S ATU R D AY 5 J AN U AR Y, WITH O R
WITH O U T TO N G O Q AR A'S B O D Y WAS O U T O F TH E Q U E S T I O N , AN D TH AT I F
1 AN YTH I N G C O U LD B E P LAN N E D IN TI M E FO R A F L I G H T TO MO R R O W, I MU S T
B E TO LD AB O U T I T TO N I G H T. O TH E R WI S E , TH E E A R L I E S T D ATE FO R AN Y
AR R I VAL S IN S AL I S B U R Y WI L L H AVE TO B E MO N D AY 7 J A N U A R Y, B U T I AG AI N
S TR E S S E D TH E N EED FO R E AR L Y N O TI C E AN D F U L L D E T A I L S .
I 3 . MU G AB E TO O K N O TE . H E TH E N TU R N ED TO TH E S I T U A T I O N I N S I D E
R H O D ES IA WH I C H , H E S A I D , I S C AU S I N G H I M S E R I O U S C O N C E R N . AC C O R D I N G
TO H I S I N F O R M ATI O N , TH E R H O D ES IAN F O R C E S AR E N O T K E E P I N G TH E I R S I D E
O F TH E B AR G AI N AN D TH E Y AR E ATTAC K I N G P F O N TH E I R WAY TO R V AN D
AS E M 3 LY P O I N T S . TH E Y H AD TO S TO P AT VI L L A G E S FO R FO O D AN D WATER
B E C AU S E TH E Y C AR R Y N O R A T I O N S , T H I S S H O U LD N O T 3E U S E D AS AN
E XC U S E TO ATTAC K TH E M , H E FO U N D I T H AR D TO 3 E L I E VE TH AT YO U WO U LD
U S E R H O D ES I AN FO R C E S WH IC H I N C LU D E D S O U TH AF R I C AN S AN D O TH ER
M E R C E N TAR I E S i B U T H E H AD H E AR D TH AT T H I S IS WH AT H AS 3 E E N
I ^ ^ ^ H A P P E N I N 3 ^ E 3 M E C U
MERCENTARf S l BUT HE HAD HEARD THAT. THI S IS WHAT H AS BEEN
HAPPENI NG, ESPECI AL L Y ALONG THE MO 2AMB I CAN BORDER. IN ANY CASE, ^j j
/ ALLOWANCES MUST BE MADE FOR THE D I FFI CUL TI ES CAUSED B Y TONGOGARAA^
DEATH BEFORE HE COULD TRANSMI T DETAI L ED I NSTRUCTI ONS TO COMMANDERS
IN THE FI EL D THROUGH CHI MOI O.
V4 # I TOLD MUGABE THAT I WOULD CONVEY HI S REMARKS TO YOU. BUT
I HAD TO POI NT OUT THAT STEPS SHOULD HAVE BEEN TAKEN IN TI ME TO
MAKE GOOD THE LOSS OF TONGOGARA AS A MEDI UM FOR ORDERS, THAT
SOME ZANLA GROUPS APPEARED TO BE P OL I TI CI SI NG THE COUNTRYSI DE AS .1
THEY MOVED ALONG TOWARDS THE RV AND ASSEMBLY POI NTS, AND THAT
I NCI DENTS WERE I NEVI TABLE I F THE PF COMMANDERS HAD NOT TAKEN ACTI ON
IN GOOD TI ME TO B RI EF THEI R MEN IN THE FI EL D . I SUGGESTED THAT
ANOTHER BROADCAST BY HI M SEL F ON THI S EVE OF THE END OF THE
ASSEMBLY PROCESS MI GHT HELPI BUT ALTHOUGH HE PROMI SED TO CONSI DER
I T, HE FEL T RELUCTANT TO SAY ANYTHI NG ON THE RADI O WHICH MI GHT IN
FACT LEAD HI S MEN TO EXPOSE THEMSELVES TO THE FI RE OF TRI GGER-
HAPPY RHODES I A N 3 WHO WOULD B E, WAI TI NG FOR THEM.
5. I SAI D T H A T , I F HI S I NFORMATI ON CAME FROM SALI SBURY ( HE NODDED)
ZANU SHOULD REPORT ANY SUCH BREACHES TO THE CEASEFI RE COMMI SSI ON
I WHERE THEY WOULD BE PROPERLY DEALT WI TH, I ADDED T H A T , ACCORDI NG
TO A SPOKESMAN, GUERRI LLAS WHO PROCEEDED TO RVS AND APS IN ORDERLY
FASHI ON, WI THOUT P OL I TI CI SI NG THE POPULATI ON EN ROUTE, WOULD
CONTI NUE TO BE DEAL T WITH AFTER 4 JANUARY WI TH COMMONSENSE AND
UNDERSTANDI NG.
6 . I T WOULD HELP ME, IN DEAL I NG WI TH MUGABE, TO HAVE A GENERAL I DEA
] OF THE SORT OF I NCI DENTS IN WHICH PEOPLE ARE BEI NG K I L L ED . I SHOULD
ALSO L I K E TO BE A3LE TO DENY THAT RHODES IAN FORCES ARE DEPLOYED
\ AND ACTI VEL Y ENGAGED ALONG THE FRONTI ER.
PAPADOPOULOS
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I T H E P R I M E MI NI STE R
3
J a n u a r y 1980
Your T e t t e r o f 6 November, In which you e n c l o s e d a
from t h e Reverend A r t h u r Lewis, u n f o r t u n a t e l y reached me
18 December.
l e t t e r
o n l y on
Mr. Lewis's l e t t e r wa,s w r i t t e n w h i l e the L a n c a s t e r House
t a l k s were i n p r o g r e s s . I hope t h a t now they a r e c o n c l u d e d and
agreement s i g n e d , he may be l e s s unhappy about the Government's
approach. A l l t h e p a r t i e s to t h e Conference have a c c e p t e d an
Independence C o n s t i t u t i o n which p r o v i d e s f o r genuine m a j o r i t y
r u l e at t h e same time as s a f e g u a r d i n g m i n o r i t y i n t e r e s t s , ant"
arrangements f o r the pre-independence p e r i o d which w i l l p r o v i d e
t h e c o n d i t i o n s f o r f r e e and f a i r e l e c t i o n s i n which a l l can com-
p e t e on an e q u a l b a s i s ; and have s i g n e d a c e a s e f i r e agreement.
With L o r d Soames' a r r i v a l as Governor, R h o d e s i a was r e s t o r e d t o
l e g a l i t y , and the i n t e r n a t i o n a l community i s now f o l l o w i n g o u r
l e a d i n l i f t i n g s a n c t i o n s . No one s h o u l d p r e t e n d t h a t t h e months
ahead w i l l be f r e e o f problems; i t i s bound t o t a k e t i m e t o
r e p a i r t h e b i t t e r n e s s and s u f f e r i n g o f r e c e n t y e a r s . But t h e
framework agreed at L a n c a s t e r House p r o v i d e s t h e b a s i s on which
t h e peace and s t a b i l i t y o f the f u t u r e Zimbabwe can be b u i l t .
To t u r n t o some o f Mr. Lewis's s p e c i f i c p o i n t s , I do n o t
accept t h a t the L a n c a s t e r House agreements f a v o u r any o f t h e
p a r t i e s . A l l the p a r t i e s have undoubtedly made s a c r i f i c e s and
c o n c e s s i o n s . They have done so i n good f a i t h i n o r d e r t o end the
war and t o enable Rhodesia t o take up i t s r i g h t f u l p l a c e i n t h e
i n t e r n a t i o n a l community. The B r i t i s h Government's s t a t e d w i l l i n g -
ness t o h e l p , w i t h o t h e r governments and i n t e r n a t i o n a l b o d i e s ,
w i t h a l a n d development programme undertaken by the new independent
/government
I " *
' - 2 -
^. government, does not pre-suppose a p l a n f o r n a t i o n a l i s a t i o n .
\ Indeed, the D e c l a r a t i o n o f R i g h t s i n t h e Independence C o n s t i t u t i o n
f i n c l u d e s p r o t e c t i o n a g a i n s t compulsory a c q u i s i t i o n o f p r o p e r t y ,
though t h e r e i s a d e r o g a t i o n a l l o w i n g u n d e r - u t i l i s e d l a n d t o be
a c q u i r e d f o r a g r i c u l t u r a l s e t t l e m e n t , s u b j e c t t o t h e prompt pay-
ment of adequate compensation; and, i f the a c q u i s i t i o n i s c o n t e s t e d ,
a c o u r t o r d e r must be o b t a i n e d . . L a s t l y ; Mr. Lewis w i l l be aware
t h a t t h e Independence C o n s t i t u t i o n was a c c e p t e d by t h e Zimbabwe
Rhodesia P a r l i a m e n t , v o t i n g 90 i n f a v o u r t o none a g a i n s t , b e f o r e
> t h e a r r i v a l o f the Governor.
I hope t h a t you w i l l pass my comments on t o Mr. Lewis.
I M I
I
The Reverend Ian P a i s l e y , MP.

f RHODESIA: POLICY: . ADVANCE COPIES] C "2^

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MR-FIFOOT LEGAL ADVISER RM K164 I
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p-1 S A L I S B U R Y 0 3 1 7 1 5 2 J A N 8 0
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I N F O I M M E D I A T E L U S A K A N A I R O B I M AP U TO G AB O R O N E D AR E S S A L A A M .1
U K M I S N EW YO R K L U AN D A L A G O S WAS H I N G TO N P R E T O R I A AD D I S A 3 A B A
M O N R O VI A C A N B E R R A O TTAWA WE L L I N G T O N
P R I O R I T Y P E K I N G MO S C O W P R A G U E D AK AR K I N S H A S A K H AR TO U V
TO K YO E E C P O S T S K U WAI T K I N G S T O N B R I D G E TO WN D AC C A N EW D E L H I
S I N G A P O R E G E O R G E TO WN F R E E TO WN P O R T L O U I S P O R T C F S P A I N L I L O N G WE
VA L L E T T A B A N J U L C O LO M B O AC C R A K U A L A L U M P U R N I C O S I A O S L O S TO C K H O L M
L I S B O N M AD R I D AT H E N S M B AB AN E A B I D J A N
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I N F O S A VI N G N A S S A U M AS E R U C A S T R I E S S U VA P O R T M O R E S B Y H O N I A R A
I , N U K U AL O F A VI C T O R I A TAR AWA U K D E L N ATO S O F I A B U D A P E S T B U C H A R E S T
E A S T B E R L I N B E L G R A D E C A I R O A L G I E R S T U N I S T R I P O L I R A 3 A T T E H R A N .
H
R H O D E S I A
1 . 5 , 0 3 0 P A T R I O T I C F R O N T M I L I T A R Y P E R S O N N E L H A VE N O W A S S E M B L E D
WI TH T H E I R AR M S I N T H E R E N D E Z VO U S AN D A S S E M B L Y P O I N T S . T H E
\ P R O C E S S H AS B E E N A C C O M P A N I E D B Y WI D E S P R E A D VI O L A T I O N S O F T H E
| C E A S E -F I R E AG R E E M E N T B Y Z A N L A F O R C E S , WHO H A VE A T T E M P T E D TO E X P L O I T
THE D I S E N G A G E M E N T O F TH E R H O D E S I AN F O R C E S B Y O R G A N I S I N G ' ' V I C T O R Y
M A R C H E S '' AN D I N T I M I D A T I O N , (I N S T E A D O F M O VI N G TO T H E A S S E M B L Y
I P L A C E S ), I N A D t f l T I O N T O A C O N S I D E R A B L E N U M B E R O F I N C I D E N T S I N WHICH
S H O O T I N G H AS O C C U R R E D . T H E R E H A S AL S O B E E N C R O S S -B O R D E R M O VE M E N T
O N A S I G N I F I C A N T S C A L E 3 Y Z A N L A (T H O U G H T H E M O Z AM B I C AN A U T H O R I T I E S J
N
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S H O O TIN G H AS OCCURRED. TH E R E HAS ALS O BEEN CROSS-BORDER MO VEMEN T
Ok A SIGNIFICANT SCALE 3Y ZANLA (TH O U G H TH E M O Z AM B IC AN AU TH O R I TI E S MLK
AP P E AR TO H AVE WAR N ED THEM AG AI N S T THIS). TH E CEASE-FIRE H AS N 3T,
THEREFORE. .BEEN FULLY EFFECTIVE TH O U G H THE CASUALTY FIGURES AP E
CONSIDERABLY LOWER THAN BEFORE 23 DECEMBER.
2. DESPITE STATEMENTS BY NKOMO IN LUSAKA AND NKALA (MUGABE) IN
SALISBURY THAT ZANU AND ZAPU WANTED AN EXTENSION CF THE ASSEMBLY
PERIOD, THE PATRIOTIC FRONT MILITARY COMMANDERS ARE FULLY AWARE
OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE CEASE-FIRE AGREEMENT AND I HAVE MADE
IT CLEAR THAT THERE CAN BE NO EXTENSION TO THE PERIOD AGREED AT
LANCASTER HOUSE. WE HAVE, HOWEVER, WORKED OUT WITH THE RHODES I A
SECURITY FORCES AND POLICE THE ARRANGEMENTS TO ALLOW MOVEMENT
FROM THE RENDEZVOUS POINTS TO THE ASSEMBLY PLACES TO TAKE PLACE
IN SECURE CONDITIONS ON SATURDAY 5 JANUARY. THIS I S NOT (NOT)
BEING PUBLICLY ANNOUNCED (AS THIS WOULD REDUCE PRESSURE ON THE
PATRIOTIC FRONT FORCES TO ASSEMBLE ON TIME).
3 . IT IS UNLIKELY THAT THE PATRIOTIC FRONT WILL HAVE ASSEMBLED
MORE TH AN A FRACTION OF THEIR FORCES. THEIR FORCE LEVELS AS
DECLARED TO US BY THEM AT LANCASTER HOUSE WER E 21 . 000 FOR ZANLA
* N D 14 , 00?) FOR ZIPRA. A MO R E REALISTIC ESTIMATE WOULD BE IN THE
VICINITY OF 17-18,000 FOR BOTH WINGS WITHIN TH E COUNTRY AT THE
PRESENT TIME. ~"~
4. MUCH WILL NOW DEPEND ON THE CONDUCT OF THE FORCES WHICH HAVE
NOT ASSEMBLED. ALTHOUGH A CONSIDERABLE PROPORTION O F ZIPRA F O R C E S
HAVE NOT ASSEMBLED, APART FROM ISOLATED INCIDENTS ZIPRA HAVE B E E N
OBSERVING THE CEASE-FIRE. SINCE THE ASSEMBLY PROCESS REQUIRED THE
RHODESI AN DEFENCE FORCES TO WITHDRAW FROM CONTACT TO THE
VICINITY OF THEIR COMPANY BASES, THIS PERIOD HAS RESULTED IN A
MARKED LOSS OF CONTROL OVER THE RURAL AREAS OF RHODESIA AND
A GREAT DEAL OF GENERAL DISTURBANCE HAS TAKEN PLACE THROUGHOUT
THE COUNTRY. ARMED BANDS HAVE BEEN ABLE TO OPERATE, WHETHER FCR
BANDITRY OR POLITICAL ENDS, WITH GREATER IMPUNITY.
5. THE CEASE-FIRE AGREEMENT PROVIDED
I (A) THAT THE DISENGAGEMENT SHOULD BE RECIPROCAL AS BETWEEN THE
P PATRIOTIC FRONT AND THE RHODES I AN FORCES:
(B) THAT FORCES REMAINING IN THE FIELD WITH THEIR ARMS AFTER
MIDNIGHT ON 4 JANUARY WILL BEÛNLAWFUL;
(C) THAT THE POLICE AND, AS NECESSARY, THE OTHER FORCES UNDER
MY AUTHORITY WILL B E USED TO DEAL WITH ANY FORCES WHICH HAVE
NOT COMPLIED WITH THE CEASE-FIRE AGREEMENT.
6. ALTHOUGH THE PATRIOTIC FRONT FORCES "OUTSTANDING" AFTER
4 JANUARY v. ILL BE UNLAWFUL, WE WILL BE SEEKING TO USE THE PATRIOTIC
FRONT MILITARY COMMANDERS TO PERSUADE THEM TO COME IN TO THE EXTENT
THAT IS IS POSSIBLE TO DO GO. BUT NUMEROUS GROUPS, PARTICULARLY
ZANLA, HAVE ALREADY DECLARED THEIR INTENTION OF NOT OBSERVING TH E
^^^^^^^^^^^^
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9
* * * * * * * ^ P AR T I C U L AR L Y
Z AN L'A, H AVE ALR E AD Y D E C LAR E D TH E I R I N TE N TI O N ' O F N O T O B S E R VI N G THE
C E A S E -F I R E .
7^ GOOD C R O S S -B O R D E R C O N TAC T H AS B E E N E S T AB L I S H E D B O TH WITH
MO ZAMB IQ U E " AN D WITH Z AM B I A O N M I L I T A R Y L I A I S O N . WE AR E AI M I N G
TO O P E N TH E R O AD C R O S S I N G TO M O Z AM B IQ U E N EAR U M TALI O N 1 2 J AN U AR Y:
AN D TH E R O AD C R O S S I N G IN TO Z AM B I A AT C H I R U N D U (A S SO O N AS TH E
B R I D G E H AS B E E N R E P AI R E D ) O N 1 5 J AN U AR Y. TH E S E C R O S S I N G S WI L L
B E O P E N E D IN TH E F I R S T I N S TAN C E TO C O M M E R C I AL T R A F F I C O N L Y. I T
WI LL B E E S S E N T I A L TO E N S U R E TH AT F U L L Y AD E Q U ATE AR R AN G E M E N TS
AR E MAD E FO R TH E R E C E P TI O N O F C I VI L I A N R E F U G E E S B E FO R E AN Y
MO VEMEN T O F R E F U G E E S C AN B E G I N (AN D T H I S WI L L IN TU R N D E P E N D
O N TH E E F F E C T I VE N E S S O F TH E C E A S E -F I R E .
8 . MU ZO R EWA I S P L AN N I N G TO H O LD A LAR G E U AN C R AL L Y IN S AL I S B U R Y
O N 6 J A N U A R Y. T H I S WAS AR R AN G E D SO ME TI M E AG O . N K O MO H AS B E E N
C O O P E R ATI VE IN AG R E E I N G TO D E LAY H I S R E TU R N TO TH E FO LLO WI N G
S U N D AY (1 3 J AN U AR Y) AN D A LAR G E CR O WD I S ALS O E XP E C T E D . TH E
D ATE FO R M U G AB E 'S R E TU R N WI LL H AVE TO B E D E C I D E D IN C O N S U LTATI O N
WITH ME AN D IN R E L ATI O N TO TH E P U B L I C O R D ER P R O B LE M S WH IC H WO U LD
AR I S E I F H E S O U G H T TO R E TU R N AT TH E S AME TI M E AS TH E MU ZO R EWA
M E E TI N G O R TH E R E TU R N O F N K O MO ,
9 . TH E P R E S E N T I N D I C AT I O N S R E M AI N TH AT TH E P A T R I O T I C FR O N T I N TE N D
TO C O N TE S T TH E E L E C T I O N S AS TWO S E P AR ATE P A R T I E S . Z AP U WO U LD
S T I L L P R E F E R A U N I TE D F R O N T, B U T ZAN U H AVE MAD E I T C LE AR TH AT TH E Y
WI LL N O T AG R E E TO T H I S .
FC O P AS S TO AL L
-
SOAMES
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MESSAGE FROMMI NI STRY OF DEFENCE

Thi s i s exac t ed - to , , ,
become uubl xc knowl edge er ounr l Qpnn
we s houl d r efer c a l l e r s
t o Mi n i s t r y of Def enc e.
I I
The p o s i t i o n i s t ha t t wo s o l i d e r s ar e mi s s i ng i n Rhodes i a. They er e t wo NCOs
who l e f t t h e i r as s embl y p o i n t i n a L andr over t o pi c k up wat er s uppl i e s .
The L andr over has been f ound some 3 0 mi l e s Nor t h of vher e t hey - - er e expec t ed t o
be. Near by was a dead ZI PRA bl a c k s o l d i e r . *
No s i gn o f t he t vo NCos . *

L andr over on i t s s i de .
H
j
NOT FOG USE: Ac l a nd has v er y l i t t l e hope of t he men bei ng s een agai n.
L i k e l y t ha t Rhodes i an F or c es wi l l be s ent out t o i n v e s t i g a t e * .
I i I
\ \ m
I I

I

I
RESTRICTED
i ^ ^ ^ ^ i Foreign and Commonwealth Office
VY S P ? / London S W1 A 2AH
3 January 1980
Rhodesia: Messages from the P r e s i d e n t s of T u n i s i a
and Bangladesh
/ I e n c l o s e two messages of c o n g r a t u l a t i o n s to
the Prime M i n i s t e r from the P r e s i d e n t s of T u n i s i a
and Bangladesh. As both have been sent i n r e p l y
to e a r l i e r messages from Mrs Thatcher, we do not
c o n s i d e r that a f u r t h e r response from the Prime
M i n i s t e r i s r e q u i r e d .
With your agreement, we would t h e r e f o r e
propose to ask the Ambassador at Tunis and the
High Commissioner at Dacca to thank the P r e s i d e n t s
/ f o r t h e i r messages, on the l i n e s of the a t t a c h e d
telegrams.
(R M J Lyne)
M O'D B Alexander Esq
RESTRICTED
I

9 2 7 0 3 3 0 6 6 2 2 0 0 M 8 / 7 5 C r . P . C . 8 3 9 / 3 RESTRICTED X Y 4
1
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File No. Security Classification
Department .....RHODESIA OUTWARD RESTRICTED I
Drafted by A fiODSON TELEGRAM Precedence
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Distribution:- [TEXT]
Rhodesia Dept RHODESIA
Files
1. Following i s text of a message from President
NENAD
Mr Day Bourguiba to the Prime Minister.
[A - B below]
2. Please thank the President on the Prime
Minister's behalf and say how grateful she i s
Copies to- "^
or
kind message. Please also give him the
Prime Minister's best wishes for the New Year.
RESTRICTED
9 2 7 D3 3 0 6 6 2 2 0 0 M 8 / 7 5 Cr . P. C. 8 3 9 / 3 RESTRICTED -_, "
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Di str i buti on:- [TEXT]
Rhodesia Dept RHODESIA
e s
^"^ 1. Following i s text of a message from President
SAD
e
Mr Day
Z
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a
^ ^ Prime Minister.
[A - B below]
2. Please thank the President on the Prime
Minister's behalf and say how grateful she i s
Copi es to:-
for his kind message. Please also give him the
Prime Minister's best wishes for the New Year.
RESTRICTED
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MR FREELAND LEGAL ADVISER RMK200A
MR FIFOOT LEGAL ADVISER RM K16V
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TO F L A S H S A L I S B U R Y
T E L E G R A M N U M B E R 1 3 O F 03
I N F O F C O L U S A K A
80
J A N U A R Y
MY T E L N O 1 2 : R E T U R N O F Z A N U P F L E A D E R S
1 . WE H A V E J U S T M A N A G E D T O T R A C K D O WN T E K E R E WH O C L A I M S T O H A V E M O
K N O WL E D G E O F A N Y F L A N S F O R F L I G H T S T O D A Y . A P A R T Y O F Z A N U P O L I T I C I A N S
MATTEP EAT MAY F L Y T O S A L I S B U R Y O N S A T U R D A Y 5 J A N U A R Y T A K I N G
T O N G O G A R A ' S B O D Y WI T H TjjM._TE K E R E PROMI S E P A L I S T B E F O R E T A K E -O F F .
2 . H E S A I D T H A T N O T H I N G H A S A S Y E T B E E N
WH I C H I S S T I L L S O M E WA Y O F F .
P L A N N E D F O R M U G A B E ' S R E T U R N
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I - C O N FID EN TIAL I
G R S 1 3 0
D E S K 3 Y FCO 0 3 1 0 0 0 Z
FM L U S A K A 0 3 0 9 ^ 2 Z J A N 8 0
I" TO F L A S H S A L I S B U R Y
T E L E G R A M N U M B E R 0 1 3 O F 3 J A N U A R Y
I N F O I M M E D I A T E F C O
I YO U R T E L TO L U S A K A N 9 N K O M O 'S A R R I VA L
1 . I S AW N K O MO T H I S M O R N I N G AN D P U T TO H I M TH E S I T U A T I O N
D E S C R I B E D I N YO U R T U R . N K O MO H AD C L E A R L Y B E E N P R E -WA R N E D
B Y H I S P E O P L E I N S A L I S B U R Y AN D S A I D T H A T H E U N D E R S TO O D O U R
D I F F I C U L T Y TO B E A G E N U I N E O N E AN D TH AT I N TH E C I R C U M S T A N C E S
H E WO U LD D E L A Y H I S A R R I VA L IN S A L I S B U R Y U N T I L S U N D AY 1 3 J A N U A R Y
O N R E C E I P T F R O M U S O F AN A S S U R A N C E T H AT H E WO U LD N O T B E D E L A YE D
F U R TH E R O N TH E G R O U N D S O F O TH E R C O N F L I C T I N G R A L L I E S . I H AVE
U N D E R T AK E N TO L E T H I M H AVE AN A S S U R A N C E O N T H I S P O I N T AT TH E
. E A R L I E S T P O S S I B L E M O M E N T AN D WO U LD B E G
n
A T E F U L FO R C L E A R A N C E TO
G I VE I T .
] 2 . N K O MO M AD E I T C L E A R T H AT H E WO U LD N O T WI S H TO A R R I VE O N A
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LEGAL ADVISERS LORD N G LENNOX -
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MR FREELAND LEGAL ADVISER RMK20QA
MR FIFOOT LEGAL ADVISER RM K1 64
RESIDENT CLERK
' CONFI DENTI AL P' '
FM SALISBURY 0216462 JAN 80 [~ \
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TO IMMEDIATE FCO
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I PRIORITY LUSAKA GABORONE MAPUTO DAR ES SALAAM LAGOS PRETORIA
WASHINGTON AND UKMIS NEW YORK.
RHODESIA CEASEFIRE
1. THE MOVEMENT OF PF FORCES INTO THE RV'S AND ASSEMBLY POINTS
IS GATHERING SOME MOMENTUM. BY THIS EVEN ING THERE WERE A TOTAL
OF 4?03 FF PERSONNEL ATTW'S AND ASSEMBLY POINTS OR BEING
TRANSPORTED BETWEEN THEM. THE ASSEMBLY POINT WITH THE LARGEST
NUMBER (1,023) WAS PAPA (RUKOPERCHI NORTH EAST OF THE KARIEA
DAM). HOWEVER A NUMBER OF RV'S AND ASSEMBLY PLACES STILL HAVE
NO PF PERSONNEL IN THEM.
2 . NKALA, (ACTING PRESIDENT, ZANU(PF)) TOLD A PRESS CONFERENCE
TODAY THAT THE PF DEMANDED THAT THE ASSEMBLY PERIOD BE EXTENDED.
THE FF HAVE SO FAR MADE NO FORMAL REQUEST TO THIS EFFECT. BUT WE
ARE TELLING THE PRESS THAT THERE IS NO QUESTION CF AN EXTENSION,
BECAUSE THE LENGTH CF THE PERIOD IS PART OF THE LANCASTER
HOUSE AGREEMENT.
?. THE PATTERN CF INCIDENTS CONTINUES AT APPROXIMATELY THE SAME
LEVEL AS DURING THE LAST FEW DAYS. IN THE LAST 2A HOURS THERE
WERE A TOTAL OF I f; CONTACTS IN WHICH FIRE WAS EXCHANGED BETWEEN
m\ mmmmmmmmm^lLJLj-^^ .. \\jf MF f' F-. T R S O F THE SECURITY B
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- V.ERE A TOTAL O F 10 CONTACTS IN WH I C H FIRE WAS EXCHANGED BETWEEN
Ij SECURITY F O R C E S AND P F PERSONNEL. F I VE MEMBERS CF TH E S E C U R I T Y ^
FORCES WERE KILLED AND TEN PF. S O ME CF THE INCIDENTS *ERE C L E A R *
POLITICALLY MOTIVATED BUT MANY OTHERS, PARTICULARLY IN THE ZANLA ARE?
AREAS, SEEM TO HAVE BEEN STRAIGHTFORWARD BAND I TORY.
4. CROSS BORDER MILITARY LIAISCN WITH MOZAMBIQUE WAS TODAY
ESTABLISHED AT NYAMAPANDA AND FORBES BRIDGE A N D WITH ZAMBIA
AT KARIBA.
SOAMES

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T E L E G R A M N U M B E R 8 O F 2 J A N U A R Y 1 9 6 0 ,
R E T U R N O F P F L E A D E R S .
1 . E N O S N K A L A ( A C T I N G P R E S I D E N T Z A N U ( P F ) ) A N N O U N C E D A T A P R E S S
C O N F E R E N C E T O D A Y T H A T M U G A B E A N D T H E E N T I R E C E N T R A L C O M M I T T E E
O F Z A N U WO U L D B E R E T U R N I N G T O S A L I S B U R Y O N S A T U R D A Y 5 J A N U A R Y .
2 . Y O U S H O U L D M A K E C L E A R T O Z A N U I N M A P U T O , A S WE W I L L B E D O I N G
T O N K A L A H E R E , T H A T T H S J T I K I N G O F M U G A B E ' S R E T U R N W I L L H A V E T O B E
A G R E E D B Y M E . Z A N U S U P P O R T E R S W I L L WA N T T O G R E E T M U G A B E I N
L A R G E ' " N U M B E R S A T T H E A I R P O R T . T H E P O L I C E W I L L H A V E T O M A K E A D E Q U A T E
A R R A N G E M E N T S . I W O U L D , T H E R E F O R E , L I K E T O K N O W WH A T M U G A B E 3 P L A N S
A R E . I T W I L L N O T B E P O S S I B L E A T T H I S N O T I C E T O M A K E P L A N S F O R H I S
R E T U R N B E F O R E T H E WE E K B E G I N N I N G M O D N A Y 7 J A N U A R Y . O T H E R P A R T I E S
A R E A L R E A D Y H O L D I N G V E R Y L A R G E R A L L I E S I N S A L I S B U R Y T H I S W E E K E N D
A N D U N M A N A G E A B L E P U B L I C O R D E R P R O B L E M S WO U L D B E C R E A T E D U N L E S S
M U G A B E S R E T U R N 1 3 C A R E F U L L Y P R E P A R E D .
3 . WE A L S O N E E D T O K N O W WH A T P R E C I S E L Y I S M E A N T B Y T H E " E N T I R E
C E N T R A L O ' M I T T E E " . N O Z A N U M I L I T A R Y L E A D E R S W I L L B E A D M I T T E D
E X C E P T I N C O N J U N C T I O N W I T H T H E C E A S E - F I R E C O M M I S S I O N .
F C O P S E P A S S
[RHODESIA: POLICY: ADVANCE COPIES] \
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WSI R I GILMOUR
PS/ MR LUCE
PS/ PUS
SIR D MAITLAND .
MR DAY
LORD N G LENNOX
MR ASPIN
HD/ RHOD DEPT U)
HD/ C AF D
HD/ S AF D
HD/ PUSD (2)
HD/ NEWS DEPT
HT//WAD
/ MR FREELAND LEGAL ADVISER EMK200A
MR FIFOOT LEGAL ADVISER RMK16J L
MM RESIDENT CLERK
-^PS/ NO 10 DOMING STREET
ARMSTRONG )
MR R L WADE GERY )
S I R R
MR P M MAXEY
MR GOULTY
MR P J FOWLER
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CONFIDENTIAL
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FM SALISBURY 0217452 JAN 80 mM
TO IMMEDIATE LUSAKA
TELNO 9 CF 2/1/80
INFO IMMEDIATE FCO
f I
I
NKOMO'S ARRIVAL
1, WE HAVE NOW HAD A FULL DISCUSSION WITH THE P O L I C E AUTHORITIES
ABOUT NKOMO'S RETURN. IT IS CLEAR THAT IT WOULD NOT REPEAT NOT
H BE POSSIBLE FOR THE POLICE TO DEAL 1 T H THE SITUATION ./HI C M M ;ULD H
ARISE IN SALISBURY IF NKOMO WERE TO RETURN ON THE SAME DAY AS
THE MAMi UANC P O L I T I C A L RALLY HERE. PERMISSION FOR THE UANCTRALLY
-WAS GRANTED SEVERAL DAYS AGO. BOTH PARTIES WILL " B U S " THEIR
SUPPORTERS INTO SALISBURY, POLICE ESTIMATE. THAT THE TOTAL CROWDS
INVOLVED IN THE TWO R A L L I E S TOGETHER COULD BE 150 TO 200,000.
THE SUPPORTERS OF BOTH SIDES WILL END UP IN THE TOWNSHIPS IN THE
EVENING AND THERE WILL INEVITABLY BE TROUBLE BETWEEN THEM. THIS
WOULD BE THE WORST POSSIBLE START.
2. WE HAVE EXPLAINED THE POSITION TO ZAPU HERE. EMPHASIZING
THAT WE HAVE NO WISH TO LESSEN THE IMPACT OF NKOMO'S RETURN.
WE WISH TO ENSURE THAT FULLY ADEQUATE ARRANGEMENTS ARE MADE FOR
NKOMO'S RECEPTION. WE HOPE THAT HE WILL COOPERATE WITH US IN
ENSURING THAT THIS 1 3 MANAGED IN A WAY WHICH ALLOWS FULL
EXPRESSION TO HIS P O L I T I C A L SUPPORT, BUT AHOIDS THE DANGER OF
CLASHES BETWEEN THE SUPPORTERS OF DIFFERENT P O L I T I C A L PARTIES. I
IT SIMPLY IS NOT POSSIBLE IN PUBLIC ORDER TERMS TO DEAL WITH A
I SIMULTANEOUS UANC RALLY AND H i s j M Q 2 Q _ ^ i L ^ i i ^ ^ ^
fl^^
. CLASHES BETWEEN THE SUPPORTERS OF DI FFE RE NT POL I TI CAL PARTI E S.
I T SI MPLY I S NOT POSSI BL E IN PUBLI C ORDER TERMS TO DEAL WITH A
SI MULTANEOUS UANC RALLY AND HI S RETURN ON SUNDAY. WE MUST THEREFO0
ASK THAT NKOMO RETURNS TO SALI SBURY EI THER ON SATURDAY MORNING
OR ON WHATEVER DAY SUI TS HI M BEST IN THE FOLLOWI NG WEEK.
FCO PASS
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SO AMES
NNNN
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C A B L E S : C O M S E C G E N L O N D O N SW1 M A R L B O R O U G H H O U S E ,
T E L E X : 2 7 6 7 8 P A L L M A L L ,
T E L E P H O N E . 0 1 -8 3 9 3 4 1 1 E xt: / \ L O N D O N . S W1 Y 5 H X
I ILK m
Your ref:
Our ret: / January 19 80
c # 1 5 1 / 4 5 2
Commonwealth Committee on Southern A f r i c a
Rhodesia E l e c t i o n s : Commonwealth Observer Group
Pursuant to the Lusaka accord and the recent d e l i b e r a -
t i o n s of the Committee, the S e c r e t a r y - G e n e r a l has now
c o n s t i t u t e d the Commonwealth Observer Group from the
f o l l o w i n g c o u n t r i e s :
Aus t r a l i a
Bangladesh
Barbados
Canada
Ghana
I n d i a
Jamaica
N i g e r i a
Papua New Guinea
S i e r r a Leone
S r i Lanka
The S e c r e t a r y - G e n e r a l has i n v i t e d Mr. Rajeshwar Dayal
(India) to be the Chairman of the Group. His c u r r i c u l u m v i t a e
i s a t t a c h e d . The names of the other members w i l l be
communicated as soon as c o n s u l t a t i o n s with the concerned
Governments are completed.
We are p l a n n i n g t h a t the Group be i n S a l i s b u r y by
about the middle of January.
M. Malhoutra
ps jLPS Committee S e c r e t a r y
Ps j Mr. eicJbw
PS j l ^ r . kxxui
PS I Pus
Enc.
i
RAJESHWAR DAYAL
B o r n :
E d u c a t e d :
12.8.1909 a t N a i n i T a l , U.P., I n d i a
S c h o o l - P.S. C o l l e g e , N a i n i T a l
U n i v e r s i t y - A l l a h a b a d U n i v e r s i t y , U.P.,
- New C o l l e g e , O x f o r d
I n d i a
1931 E n t e r e d I n d i a n C i v i l S e r v i c e
1939-48
1948-50
D i s t r i c t M a g i s t r a t e and C o l l e c t o r i n v a r i o u s
d i s t r i c t s o f t h e t h e n U n i t e d P r o v i n c e s , and Home
S e c r e t a r y , U.P., from 1946-48
M i n i s t e r - C o u n s e l l o r and Charge' d ' A f f a i r e s , Embassy
o f I n d i a , Moscow
1950
1950-51
Government of I n d i a ' s S p e c i a l C o m m i s s i o n e r i n Assam
A l t e r n a t e R e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f I n d i a t o S e c u r i t y
C o u n c i l , U.N.
1952-54 Permanent R e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f I n d i a to U n i t e d N a t i o n s :
Member, S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l , Economic & S o c i a l C o u n c i l ,
T r u s t e e s h i p C o u n c i l , Committee f o r t h e R e l i e f and
R e h a b i l i t a t i o n o f K o r e a , Human R i g h t s C o m m i s s i o n ,
C h a i r m a n , Committee on Disarmament, e t c .
1954-58
1958
1958-62
1960-61
1962-65
1965-67
Ambassador t o Y u g o s l a v i a , c o n c u r r e n t l y Ambassador to
Rumania, B u l g a r i a and G r e e c e
Member, U.N. O b s e r v a t i o n Group i n Lebanon
H i g h C o m m i s s i o n e r i n P a k i s t a n
S p e c i a l R e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f U.N. S e c r e t a r y G e n e r a l and
Head o f U.N. M i s s i o n i n t h e Congo
S p e c i a l and Commonwealth S e c r e t a r y , M i n i s t r y o f
E x t e r n a l A f f a i r s , Government o f I n d i a
Ambassador to F r a n c e
1967-68
1969-79
F o r e i g n S e c r e t a r y
F i r s t C h a i r m a n and Member, U.N. Committee on t h e
E l i m i n a t i o n o f R a c i a l D i s c r i m i n a t i o n
1969-70 V i s i t i n g P r o f e s s o r and F e l l o w , Woodrow W i l s o n
f o r I n t e r n a t i o n a l S t u d i e s , P r i n c e t o n
S c h o o l
1971-72
and
1973-74
F e l l o w , Woodrow W i l s o n
S c h o l a r s , S m i t h s o n i a n
I n t e r n a t i o n a l C e n t r e f o r
I n s t i t u t e , W a s h i n g t o n
1973 S c h o l a r i n R e s i d e n c e , Aspen I n s t i t u t e f o r H u m a n i s t i c
S t u d i e s
1970 Member, G o v e r n i n g C o u n c i l , I n t e r n a t i o n a l I n s t i t u t e
f o r E n v i r o n m e n t and Development, London
1969-75 Member, G o v e r n i n g C o u n c i l , I n d i a n I n s t i t u t e f o r
I n t e r n a t i o n a l S t u d i e s
Member, G o v e r n i n g C o u n c i l , I n d i a n C o u n c i l f o r
C u l t u r a l R e l a t i o n s
1975- T r u s t e e , Dag Hammarskjold F o u n d a t i o n , U p p s a l a ,
Swcd en
1976- 79 F e l l o w , S t . A n t o n y ' s C o l l e g e , O x f o r d
mm ^^^H
P u b l i c a t i o n s : M i s s i o n f o r Hammarskjold
(The Congo C r i s i s ) O x f o r d & P r i n c e t o n U.
P r e s s e s
A M a r t y r e d C o u n t r y
( C i v i l War i n Lebanon) under p r i n t ( O x f o r d )
Numerous a r t i c l e s t o l e a r n e d j o u r n a l s , e t c .

2
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C n t e A ^ O
Dr . I . F . S i n g h I NDI A HOUSE
A c t i n g Hi g h Co mmi s s i o n e r ALDWYCH - LONDON WC 2
2
J a
NO. 13- AHC/ 80 ^ y ! 980
De a r Mr . Al e x a n d e r ,
I hav e t h e ho no ur t o e n c l o s e h e r e wi t h
a l e t t e r f r o m P r i me Mi n i s t e r S h r i Ch a r a n S i n g h i n
r e p l y t o l e t t e r s o f 10t h November and 11t h
Dec ember , 1979, f r o m Rt . Hon. Ma r g a r e t T h a t c h e r ,
P r i me Mi n i s t e r o f t h e U. K. , on t h e Rh o d e s i a
Co n f e r e n c e i n L o ndo n.
We wo ul d a p p r e c i a t e i f y o u k i n d l y
b r i n g i t t o t h e n o t i c e o f %ha P r i me Mi n i s t e r a s
e a r l y a s p o s s i b l e .
Wi t h war m r e g a r d s ,
Y o u r s s i n c e r e l y ,
Mr . M. O. B. Al e x a n d e r
P r i v a t e S e c r e t a r y t o t h e
P r i me Mi n i s t e r
10 Downi ng S t r e e t
L o ndo n SWl
E n c l : 1.
I
I i ^T&sv ^ ' I
* l O D O WN I N G S T R E E T
From the Pri vate Secretary _ Ouv.*. T
. 2 January, 1980. B
H i
If ' I
L a n c a s t e r House Conference ' M
L Thank you f o r your l e t t e r of 2 January . U
\ , about the p u b l i c a t i o n o f the F i n a l Report
i o f the Rhodesia C o n s t i t u t i o n a l Conference.
We have no o b j e c t i o n to the t i m e t a b l e you ..
propose. I
; j, I am s e n d i n g c o p i e s of t h i s l e t t e r t o
John Stevens ( O f f i c e o f the C h a n c e l l o r of
' the Duchy of L a n c a s t e r ) and P e t e r Moore
( C h i e f Whip's O f f i c e ) .
fl: 0 .' *MD<- IS |
I I
I : * A.G. H a r r i s o n , Esq.,
I , F o r e i g n and Commonwealth O f f i c e .
w I
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/ % ^ ^ ^ \ F o re i g n a n d C o m m o n we a lth O ffi ce
L o n d o n
( ^ ^ K ? ) S W1 A 2 A H
Telephone 01 -
Your reference
N Sander s Es q
10 Downi ng S t r e e t Our reference
London
SW1 D a te
2 J anuar y 1980
LANCASTER HOUSE CONFERENCE
We pr opos e t o p u b l i s h as a Whi t e Paper on 11 J anuar y t he F i n a l
Repor t of t he Rhodes i a C o n s t i t u t i o n a l Conf er enc e, i n c o r p o r a t i n g
5 Annexes , h e l d at L a n c a s t e r Hous e Oc t ober - Dec ember 1979. T hi s
i s t he f a c t u a l r e c o r d of t he pr o c e e di ngs of t he Conf er enc e g i v i n g
t he d e t a i l s of t he agr eement s r eac hed.
I s ho ul d be g r a t e f u l i f you and t hos e t o whom I am c o py i ng t h i s
l e t t e r , woul d k i n d l y c o n f i r m t h a t t he r e i s no o b j e c t i o n t o
p u b l i c a t i o n .
v
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A G Ha r r i s o n
As s i s t a n t P a r l i a me n t a r y Cl e r k
c c : J St ev ens Es q
Of f i c e of t he Ch a n c e l l o r of
t he Duchy of L a n c a s t e r
68 Wh i t e h a l l
SW1
P Moor e Es q
Ch i e f Whi p' s Of f i c e
12 Downi ng S t r e e t
SW1
I FILE i / V

2 January 1980
I enclose a copy of a message to
the Prime Minister from the Prime Minister
of the Central A f r i c a n Republic.
I do not think that Mr. Ayandoh's
message requires any formal reply from the
Prime Minister but you may wish to arrange
for Mr. Glasby to acknowledge i t at some
stage.
| M. O'D. B. ALEXANDER
R. M. J. Lyne, Esq.,
I
^LT - Pice vug I
I
2 January 1980
I enclose a copy of a message to the
Prime Minister from the Chairman of the
O.A.U. . You have already received t h i s
message throusrh diplomatic channels.
I should be g r a t e f u l i f you would arrange
f o r Mr. Douhleday to acknowledge the message
i n Monrovia.
M. O'D. B. ALEXANDER
G. G. II. Walden, Esq. ,
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riKlTAiN AM D N O R T H E R N I R E L A N D 1 0 D O WN I N G S T R E E T E N G L A N D
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S B M AD AM PRIME M I N I S T E R C O L O N WE H A V E L E A R N E D WI T H GnEAT SHOCK T H E
D 1 S T K E S S 1 N Q N E WS T H A T T H R E E M E M E R E S O F T H E C O M M O N WE L T H M O N 1 T R
1 N Q F O R C E H A V E B E E N KILLED I N H E L I C O P T E R C R A S H A S THEY U N D E R T O O K
B|9 u^-rtê^t r o D I S C H A R G E T H E I R D U T I L O I N H E L P I N G TO B R I N G
I I N D E P E N D E N C E WI T H M A J O R I T Y R U L E T O Z I M B A WE S T O P T H E G O VE R N M E N T
A N D P E O P L E O F L I B E R I A J O I N M E I N E X T E N D I N G P R F O U N D S Y M P A T H Y
JfiH MO C O N D O L E N C E S T O YO U Ai40 T H R O U G H YO U T O TM E PEOPLE O F Z I M B A B WE
I A S WE L L AS M E M B E R S O F T H E B E R E A V E D F A M I L I E S FOH T H E T R A G I C
I L O S S S U S T A I N E D S T O P WE P R A Y T H A T T R O U G H T H E P A D O N I N G F R A C E S O F
I A L M I G H T Y G O D i O U L i O F T H E D E P A N T E D WI L L R E S T IN E T E R N A L P E A C E
S T O P WI T H R E N E WE D A S S U R A N C E S A N D E S T E E M C M A S I N C E R E L Y
Wn T O L O E K r J K P K E S I D E N T O F L i d E R 1 A A N D C U R R E N T C H A I R M A N H H
I O F T H E O R G A N I Z A T I O N O F A F R I C A N U N I T Y
C O N FID EN TIAL C O N R D E N T l A L ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
H # F R O M S ALIS B U R Y 3 1 1 9 0 5 Z D EC 7 9 M
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IN FO IMMED IATE LU S AK A G ABO R O N E MAPUTO D AR ES S ALAAM LAG O S J
P R ETO R IA WASH IN G TO N AN D U K MIS NEW YO R K .
MY TELN O 1 3 4 4 : R H O D ESIA* C E AS E -F I R E . ^
1 . TH E SECO N D D AY O F TH E C E AS E -F I R E WAS MAR K ED B Y TWO P O TE N TIALLY
D AN G ER O US D EVELO P MEN TS , N EITH ER O F WH ICH H AS YET B EEN FI N ALLY
R ES O LVED , BUT BO TH O F WH ICH WER E D EFU S ED LAR G ELY O WIN G TO PR O MPT
ACTIO N B Y TH E MO N ITO R IN G FO R C E . TH E FI R S T CO N CER N ED A C O N C EN TR ATIO N
O F ZAN LA P ER SO N N EL NOT MO VIN G TO TH E R EN D EZVO U S P O IN TS IN TH E AR EA
N O R TH O F U MTALI (I N WH ICH TH ER E IS A STR O N G P R ES U MP TIO N O F ZAN LA
TR O O PS C R O S S IN G TH E 3 0 R D ER IN S I G N I FI C AN T N U M B ER S ). TH E SECO N D
' CO N CER N ED A R EFU S AL B Y ZAN LA FO R C ES TO MO VE TO WAR D S AN AS S EMB LY
P O IN T IN TH E 3 IN D U R A AR EA N O R TH O F S ALI S B U R Y. TH E R EFU S AL O F ZAN LA
FO R CES TO MO VE TO TH E R EN D EZ-VO U S P O IN T IS S TI L L C AU S IN G A P O TE N T-
IALLY D AN G ER O US S ITU ATIO N AT B IN D U R A.
2 . TH ES E AN D SO ME O TH ER IN C ID EN TS IN D IC ATE TH AT ZAN LA AR E TR YIN G
TO FO R M LAR G E AR MED G R O UPS D U R IN G TH E AS S EMB LY P R O C ESS SO ME O F
TH ES E AR E~N O T MOV IN G D IR EC T TO TH E R EN D EZVO U S P O IN TS AN D TH EY AR E
TR YIN G TO " P O L I T I C I S E " TH E LO C AL P O P U LATIO N . R E TALIATIO N B Y . I
TH E R H O D ESIAN S EC U R ITY FO R C ES H AS N AR R O WLY B EEN AVO ID ED .
3 . B Y TH I S AFTER N O O N AP P R O XIMATELY 1 ,0 0 0 P ATR I O TI C FR O N T P ER SO N N EL
WERE IN TH E R EN D EZVO U S P O IN TS AN D AC S EMB LY P LAC ES A FU R TH ER
TH O USAN D AR E IN C LO S E P R O XIMITY TO TH EM TH ER E H AVE B EEN FEW P R O B LEMS I
WITH Z IP R A,.WH O S E CO MMAN D ER S C LEAR LY AR E D IS P O S ED TO DO WHAT TH EY
CAN TO MAK E TH E AS S EM3 LY P R O C ESS WO R K .
4 . C R 0 S S -3 0 R D ER M I LI TAR Y LI AI S O N WITH MO ZAMB IQUE WAS I N I TI ATE D
TH IS MO R N IN G AT U M TALI . WE H O PE TH AT LI AI S O N WILL B E ES TAB LIS H ED AT
ONE OR TWO FU R TH ER P O IN TS ON TH E MO ZAMBI CAN BO R D ER TOMORROW AN D .
TH AT C R O S S -B O R D ER LI AI S O N WITH ZAMB IA WILL B E ES TAB LIS H ED AT
TH E LATES T B Y WED N ESD AY 2 JAN U AR Y.
>
CONFIDENTIAL /
6
A
I CONFIDENTIAL I
9
5. IT IS HOPED THAT THE CHIRUNDU ROAD BRIDGE WITH ZAMBIA WI LL
BE OPEN TO COMMERCIAL TRAFFI C LATER IN THE WEEK. THE OPENING OF l ,\ ..
THE ROAD ROUTE TO MOZAMBIQUE EAST OF UMTALI IS UNDER CONDSIDERATI ON.
REFUGEES WI LL NOT BE PERMI TTED TO CROSS AT THESE POI NTS UNTI L
ADEQUATE ARRANGEMENTS HAVE BEEN MADE FOR THEI R RECEPTI ON (AND T H I S
WILL TAKE TI ME).
FCO PSE PASS TO ALL
SO AMES '(REPEATED AS REQUESTED)
w
P I L E S A D D I T I O NA L D I S T R I B U T I O N
E HOD D D E F D R H ODE S I A P O L I C Y
OADS O I D
NAD NE WS D
ME D P S
PUSD P S / I P S
PL ANNI NG S T A F F PS / MR L U C E
E S & SD PS / MR R I D L E Y
NE NAD PS / MR HURD
C C D PS / MR MA R T E N
F R D P S / P U S
E I D ( E ) S I R A D UF F
UND MR B UL L AR D
L E G A L A D V I S E R S MR HANNAY
(MR F R E E L A ND ) L OR D N G L E NNOX
(MR F I F O O T ) MI S S BROWN
E C O N D MR DAY
PC D MR A S P I N
MR MI L L S
lO DOWNINGSTREET I
From the Pri vate Secretary 31 December 1979 j
H
I am r e p l y i n g on the Prime M i n i s t e r ' s B
I b e h a l f t o your l e t t e r t o her of 24 December
if c o n t a i n i n g a message t o her from the P r e s i d e n t -
I o f the I s l a m i c R e p u b l i c of P a k i s t a n about
I the s u c c e s s f u l outcome o f the L a n c a s t e r House - > '
Conference. The Prime M i n i s t e r was most I
g r a t e f u l t o G e n e r a l Mohammad Z i a - u l ~ H a q f o r
I w r i t i n g i n such generous terms. -M
M
-O' D. B. ALEXANDER I
I
I Mr. Amir Usman
I J
lO DOWNI NG STREET 1
From the Pri vate Secretary 31 December 1979
I * ' 'I
!
I
J
>
I e n c l o s e c o p i e s o l a number o congra-
t u l a t o r y messages r e c e i v e d by the Prime
M i n i s t e r from o t h e r Heads of Government over
.
I
the Christmas p e r i o d abot.it the outcome of
the L a n c a s t e r House Conference. I have
11
*
acknov/ledged a l l those which were forwarded
to No. 10 by m i s s i o n s i n London. I s h o u l d
be g r a t e f u l i f you c o u l d arrange f o r acknow-
ledgements of the o t h e r messages to bo
d e l i v e r e d i n the c a p i t a l s concerned. You
w i l l r e c a l l t h a t we have a l s o had a message
from King H u s s e i n o f Jordan (Amman t e l e g r a m
No. 153 of 23 December r e f e r s ) .
'
-

/I
I
I
I f you c o n s i d e r t h a t some of the messages
d e l i v e r e d i n London r e q u i r e a s u b s t a n t i v e
r e p l y , you w i l l no doubt l e t rne know. .'.
I & OV. a ALEXANDER I
K
G.G.H. Walden, Esq.,
F o r e i g n and Common wealth O f f i c e .
f;
^-y

^m\ mm\
i

- - '
^ I am r e p l y i n g on the Prime M i n i s t e r ' s '<]"'.
b e h a l f to your l e t t e r t o her of 27 December '
c o n t a i n i n g a message t o her from the Prime
M i n i s t e r of Canada about the s u c c e s s f u l
outcome o f the L a n c a s t e r House Conference.
\ * The Prime M i n i s t e r was most g r a t e f u l to
j Mr. C l a r k f o r w r i t i n g i n such generous
I terms.
M. O'D. B. ALEXANDER - B
\ \ \ A
mmYM

..." Mr. H.W. R i c h a r d s o n
-
#
I 'I
I* l O D O WN I N G S T R E E T I
From the Pri vate Secretary -31 December 1979
*
I am w r i t i n g on the Prime M i n i s t e r ' s

b e h a l f t o your l e t t e r t o her o f
s
2 2 December
c o n t a i n i n g a message to her from the Prime
M i n i s t e r of Singapore about the s u c c e s s f u l
outcome of the L a n c a s t e r House Conference.
I
The Prime M i n i s t e r was most g r a t e f u l to
Mr. Lee Kuan Yew f o r w r i t i n g i n such generous
terms. .
..
_
.
/ I
P. m, B,ALEXANDER
H i s E x c e l l e n c y Mr. Yek Yeun Thong
It
-*
" ' j .

I
mm
-- '
I am r e p l y i n g on the Prime M i n i s t e r ' s
b e h a l f t o your l e t t e r to her of 24 December
! c o n t a i n i n g a message to her from ^the Prime . ,
; M i n i s t e r of A u s t r a l i a about the s u c c e s s f u l
.- outcome of the L a n c a s t e r House Conference.
:
^ * The Prime M i n i s t e r was most g r a t e f u l t o
j Mr. E r a s e r f o r w r i t i n g i n such generous
H terms. I
| M. CD. B. ALEXANDER .
i x
H i s E x c e l l e n c y the Hen. S i r Gordon .Freeth, KBE.
' I
1

I [WiODSSIA: POLICY; ADVANCE COPIES]
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WAS H I N G TO N U K M I 3 N EW YO R K
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1. T H E F I R S T D AY O F T H E C E A S E F I R E H AS B E E N M AR K E D B Y T H E
S U C C E S S F U L D E P L O YM E N T , O F T E N I N E XT R E M E L Y D I F F I C U L T C O N D I T I O N S ,
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3 Y T H E M O N I T O R I N G F O R C E . II
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WE AR E H O P I N G TO E S T A B L I S H T H E F I R S T C R O S S -B O R D E R C O N T A C T S WI T H
M O Z AM B I Q U E N E AR U M T A L I O N 3 1 D E C E M B E R l AN D L I A I S O N AT T H E VI C T O R I A
F A L L S , K A R I B A AN D C H I R U N D U C R O S S I N G P O I N T S WI T H Z A M B I A O N 1
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R O U TE S TO Z A M B I A (P R O B A B L Y I N T H E F I R S T I N S T A N C E K A R I B A ).
5. T H E F I R S T M E E T I N G O F T H E C E A S E F I R E C O M M I S S I O N TO O K P L A C E
T O D A Y. LO O K O U T M AS U K U AN D R E X N H O N G O A T T E N D E D O N T H E P F S I D E .
6. T H R E E O R FO U R I N C I D E N T S WH I C H C O U L D B E D E S C R I B E D AS
B R E AC H E S O F TH E C E A S E F I R E AR E S O F AR K N O WN TO H AVE T A K E N P L A C E
T O D A Y. O F T H E S E O N E , A C O N F R O N T A T I O N B E TWE E N R H O D E S I AN F O R C E S
AN D Z A N L A I N A P R O T E C T E D VI L L A G E N E AR R V P O I N T F A , I S
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3. TH E ?AMB I AH P LAN IS B ASED ON TH E P R EMIS E TH AT ZAMB IA WISH ES
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TH E 2 AM 3 IAN S .
4 . 2 N 0 F WILL N O T B E D EP LO YIN G QUO TE S P EC IAL L I At SON TEAMS UN O UO TE. I
R ATH ER TH EY WILL B E N O R MAL U N ITS WH ICH H AVE B EEN S P E C IALLY B R I E FE D .
3 R I E FI N G WILL CO MMEN CE AS SO O N AS TH E P R ESID EN T H AS APPR O VED
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C O N SU LTATIO N WITH YO U , A OS EE A D EFIN ITE TIME 0'* A D EFIN ITE D AY
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SH O ULD BE S ET UP? P H I R I P R O P O SED TH AT, H AVIN G AG R EED TH E
J FR AMEWO R K , WE SH O ULD NOW LEAVE IT TO 3 ALD AN IE TO WORK OUT TH E
I D E TAILS WITH TH E ZAMB IAN MO D , ON B EIN G TO LD (CO N TR AR Y TO
YOUR TEL 3 3 ) TH AT B ALD AN IE H AD NOT YET AR R IVED , P H IR I D IS P LAYED
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FIR S T SEC R ETAR Y H AD 3 EEN C H AS IN G H I * THRO UGHO UT LAST WEEKEN D AND
OVER C H R IS TMAS , AN D H E IN TUR K' H AD BE EL' EXER C IS IN G K AXIMUM
P R ES S U R E ON OUR B EH ALF TO O B TAIN ZAM3 IAN G O VER N MEN T AG R EEMEN T
n TO K LO * S AR R I VAL, WE HAD S AID WE 'WANTED TH IS AG R EEMEN T MOST I
VR G EN TLY, H E H AD ASSUMED WE WOULD TAK E AO VAN TASE OR IT S TR AIG H T- I
WAY, H E H AD JU S T D ESP ATCH ED VAR IO U S D O CUMEN TS TO TH E P R ES ID EN T
y AN D O TH ER AD D R ES S EES P R ES S IN G N ASD FO R D EC IS IO N S ON TH E N EXT 1
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6. HO WEVER TH AT MAY B E , P H I R I SUG G ESTED TH AT IMP LEMEN TATIO N
O F TH E K C N I TOR | N G O PER AT I O N ON TH E JtfO U N D WOULD B E EXP LO ITED
W W.Q WAS H ER E TO D IS C U S S D ET AI L S J I S J O S T AS TH E Z AK 3 | M
P R O P O SALS H AD D EEN APPR O VED B Y TH E P R ES ID EN T, I CO N SID ER P M I R l'S
R ECO MMEN D ATIO N VER Y S EN S IB LE AN D I Ti ll NX WE SH O ULD IN D EED AIM - I
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l i TO G ET B ALD AN IE H ER E VER Y E ^ L Y N EXT V'E E K , IF YO U AG R EE WOULD Y O u l
LET U S KNOW WHEN H E CO ULD TR A'/Et SO TH AT WE CAN SET TH E AIR 1
{ C LEAR AN C E P R O CED U R E IN TR AI L', IT I S TR UE TH E ZAM3 IAN S H AVE N O T 1
YET D EC ID ED WHEN TH EY SH O ULD SEN D TH EIR TEAM TO S ALIS B U R Y - B U T
P R ESU MAB LY TH AT I S O F LI TTLE IMPO R TAN CE TO US IN H AK IK G TH E | .
U K > N ITO R IN G E F F E C TI VE . 1
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CO MPAR ED WITH OUR EAR LIER R EQU EST FO R MO N ITO R IN G TH ER E {FC O TEL 1
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I ASSU R ED H IM A ME'* 3ER O F TH E MILITAR Y AD VIS E R 'S S TAFF WOULD
L B E AT TH E AI R P O R T),
J 3 . H E EXP EC TED TH E ZAMB IAN TEAM LEAD ER TO B E O PEU TO OUR AD YIC E I
j OU HOW H E SH O ULD B ES T P R O CEED WITH H IS JO B - AND IN D EED TH E 1
i ZAK B IAMS WO ULD B E TO ST G R ATEFU L FO R AN Y AS S IS TAN C E WE CO ULD I
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SELFAD * ' I\*I S TER I N G Z AMD I AN S HAD ALR EAD Y ID EN TIFIED TH E N EED
i \ \ FO R TH E LEAD ER TO 3 E AC C O P AU IE D B Y AN AD VIS ER , A D R IVER ,
J! A TYP I S T AN D A CO MMU N ICATO R . P H fR I DI D NOT S E C WH O LLY
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I AC TIO N . THE P O R TU G ESE HAVE A R ES ID U AL CO N SULAR C FFIC E H ER E. TH E
I ftJS TR ALlAM S AND AMER ICAN S ALR EAD Y H AVE LIAIS O N O FFI C E S .
1 S . U N LES S YOU SEE O B JE C TIO N , WE SH O ULD EE G R ATEFU L I F TH E CTitER
1 P O STS TO WHOM TH I S TELEG R AM I S R EP EATED WOULD L E I THE G O VER N MEN TS
I GWCFSNED KNOW TH AT I T| S MOW O P tN TO THE*' Tf ES TAB LIS H C F F I C tS
* IN S U l< P U R Yi AND TH AT WE HOPE TH AT GOVERNMENTS WHO HAVE .NATIONALS
| . IN R H O D ESIA WILL f^rVE TO CO S O . - """M
From the Private Secretary 28 December 1979

I enc l ose a copy of a message r ec ei v ed
by t he Pr i me Mi n i s t e r f rom Her r Schmi dt about
t he outcome of t he Lanc ast er House Conf er enc e.
I have acknowl edged t he message.
Paul Lever , E s q . ,
For ei gn and Commonweal th Of f i c e .
i
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From the Private Secretary 28 December 1979
BJ fly W_ f l l ^ /ftyWAC-W Hi
The Prime M i n i s t e r has asked me to thank
you f o r your l e t t e r t o her o f 21 December
e n c l o s i n g a message of c o n g r a t u l a t i o n s to her
from the C h a n c e l l o r of the F e d e r a l R e p u b l i c
o f Germany about the outcome o f the L a n c a s t e r
House Conference. The Prime M i n i s t e r would
be g r a t e f u l i f you c o u l d i n f o r m Herr Schmidt
t h a t she g r e a t l y a p p r e c i a t e d h i s c o u r t e s y i n
sending a message.
H i s E x c e l l e n c y Herr Hans Hellrnuth Ruete, G.C.V.O.
, [feO D ES IA: P O LIC Y: ADVAMC3 CO P IES] f ~7 , I /Y' I
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IM FC I M M E D I A T E F C O L U S A K A
F I R I N G O N M O N I T O R I N G FO R C E * A I R C R A F T
1 , T H E R E H AS B E E N O N E , AN D P O S S I B L Y TWO I N C I D E N T S T H I S H O R N I N G
IN WH I C H A I R C R A F T C F TH E M O N I T O R I N G F O R C E , C L E A R L Y M AR K E D WI TH
I WH I TE C R O S S E S , H AVE C O ME U N D E R F I R E I N TH E Z A N L A AR E A O F O P E R A T I O N S ,
2 . AN P A F H E R C U L E S L A N D I N G AT B U F F A L O R A N G E , U M T A L I , WAS S U B J E C T E D
I TO R I F L E F I R E : O N L Y S U P E R F I C I A L D AM A G E , N O C A S U A L T I E S , AN R A F P U * A
I A H E L I C O P T E R C A R R YI N G E Q U I P M E N T FO R A S S E M B L Y P O I N T C AT M AR Y M O U N T
/ M I S S I O N C R AS H E D IN TH E M TO K O A R r. A i AL L TH R E E R AF O C C U P A N T S
I ^ K I L L E D , H E L I C O P T E R WR I T T E N O F F , WE C AN N O T YE T VE R I F Y '
J " C O N TR AD I C TO R Y R E P O R T S T H A T T H E H E L I C O P T E R WA S F I R E D O N E I T H E R
B E F O R E O R AF TE R TH E C R A S H , WH I C H M AY H AVE B E E N D U E To E N G I N E
j \ F A I L U R E . '
1
3. B U T I T I S C L E A R F R O M TH E H E R C U L E S I N C I D E N T TH AT I N S T R U C T I O N S
H H AVE MO T R E AC H E D Z AN L A P E R S O N N E L O N TH E G R O U N D , O R AR E N O T U;;
| B E I N G O B E YE D , TO R E F R A I N FR O M P I P I N G O N A I R C R A F T AN D VE H I C L E S '
L | M AR K E D WI TH WH I TE C R O S S E S ,
J L A. WE S H A L L B E ' S P E AK I N G TO ; KHQ^G'- H E R E AB O U T TH<S, B U T HE A P P E A R S
MHHBMMBIIMHIIHHHMBHMMIMMHilHMHH!^^
I 4 , WE S H A L L D E S P E A K I N G T O N H Q N G O HERE ABOUT THI S, BUT H E A P P E A R S
I I TO L A C K A U T H O R I T Y . P L E A S E S E E K CUT M U G A B E A N D T O N G O G A R A U R G E N T L Y
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C E A S E F I R E D A Y W I L L B E I M P E R I L L E D I F S U C H I N C I D E N T S C O N T I N U E AND
I U R G E TH E M T O E N S U R E TH AT A P P R O P R I A T E I N S T R U C T I O N S AP E B R O A D C A S T
I AT ONCE.
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TH E I N C I D E N T S R E P O R T E D I N S A L I S B U R Y T E L N O 1 6 TO M E . H E S A I D T H AT
H E H AD R E C E I VE D MY N O TE AB O U T T H E M . I F H I S P E O P L E WE R E R E S P O N S I B L E H E
WO U LD AD M I T I T . ' ' E V E N WO R K I N G 48 H R S A D A Y, I N C I D E N T S A I L L O C C U R "
H E S A I D U N T I L WO R 0 R E A C H E D TH E M E N I N TH E F I E L D . H I S M E S S A G E (WE AR E
T R YI N G TO G E T TH E T E X T ) WAS B E I N G B R O A D C A S T (! T H I N K I N S I N D E B E L E
AN D S H C N A AS WE L L AS E N G L I S H ) O N 2 5 AN D 3 1 M E T R E B A N D S : AN D AS F R O M
TO N I G H T I T WO U LD A L S O G O O U T O N TH E WI D E L Y L I S T E N E D TO VO Z
P R O G R AM M E , I
% M U G AB E P R O M I S E D TO D O H I S B E S T TO E N S U R E TH AT T H E Z A N L A P A R T Y
WH I C H WAS TO H AVE B E E N L E D B Y TO N G O G AR A O N 3 1 D E C E M B E R WO U LD B E
R E AD Y I N T I M E : B U T M U C H D E P E N D E D O N TH E C O N D I T I O N O F TH E O T H E R S
I N J U R E D I N T H E A C C I D E N T .
4. E A R L I E R I H AD S E E N C H I S S A N O WH O WAN TE D TO I N F O R M ME O F F I C I A L L Y
AN D SH O W ME TH E B R I E H f) O F F I C I A L C O M M U N I Q U E WH I C H 13 B E I N G I S S U E D
AB O U T N O W. I T S A YS TH AT TO N G O G AR A D I E D l_N _ A T R A F F I C A C C I D E N T 2 5 K M S
FR O M M A N H I C A . C H I S S A N O D I D N O T H AVE T H E D E T A I L S : B U T I T. A P P E A R E D
TH AT TH E A C C I D E N T H A P P E N E D WH EN T O N G O G A R A 'S VE H I C L E R AN I N TO TH E
B AC K O F A L O R R Y WH I C H I T WAS T R YI N G TO O VE R T A K E . TO N G O G AR A S A T
N E XT TO TH E D R I VE R AN D G O T TH E F U L L I M P A C T . ;
5 . C H I S S A N O S A I D TH AT TH E LO N D O N AG R E E M E N T WO U LD N O T H AVE B E E N
P O S S I B L E WI TH O U T T O N G O G A R A . AL TH O U G H H E H AD H I S E N E M I E S H E E N J O YE D
TH E C O N F I D E N C E N O T O N L Y O F TH E Z AN U L E A D E R S H I P B U T A L S O O F Z A P U .
H E WO U LD B E VE R Y H AR D TO R E P L A C E .
I CONFIDENTIAL K I
CONFIDENTIAL. I I
b . I T O L D C H 133AH O TO O AB O U T TH E I N C I D E N T S R E P O R T E D I N S A L I S B U R Y
T U K . C H I S S A N O S A I D TH AT F A C I L I T I E S H AD B E E N G I VE N TO Z AN U FO R I
M U G A B E 'S M E S S AG E TO B E R E P E A T E D AT R E G U L A R I N T E R V A L S . I T WO U LD A L S O j
H E _P , H E S A I D , I F WE C O U L D G I VE E A R L Y C L E A R A N C E FO R TH E M O Z AM B I C AN I
L I A I S O N TE AM TO G O TO S A L I S B U R Y AS S O O N AS P O S S I B L E (M Y T E L N O
z' 3 TO S A L I S B U R Y R E F E R S ). H O WE VE R , H E F E L T B O U N D TO AD D TH AT S H O O T I N G !
I N C I D E N T S WI L L O C C U R FR O M T I M E TO T I M E . T H I S WAS B E C A U S E S O M E Z A N L A
H E N I N TH E F I E L D AR E A G A I N S T TH E LO N D O N A G R E E M E N T S O U T O F
C O N VI C T I O N , WH I L E O T H E R S D O N O T A C C E P T TH E A U T H O R I T Y O F TH E P A R T Y
L E A D E R S H I P .
I. TH E P R E S I D E N T H AS J U S T S E N T FO R M E .
P A P A D C P O U L O S
*
F I L E S D EF D
PHOD D O LD AD D ITIO N AL D ISTR IB U TIO N "
OAD S H O TS.J>_. R H O D ESIA P O LIC Y
N AD P S
MSB P S /LP S
PUSD PS/MR LU C E
P M N I N G - STAFF PS/MR R ID LEY
SS & SD PS/MK HORD .
N EN AD PS/MR MAR TEN
CCD P S/P U S
FR D S IR A D UFF
EID (E ) m B U LLAR D
MR H AN N AY
LEG AL AD VISER S LO R D N G LEN N O X
(MR FR EELAN D ) MIS S B R O M
(MR P IFO O T) MR D AY
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HAUT-COMMISSARIAT DU CANADA, MllO** CANADIAN HIGH COMMISSION,
MACDONALD HOUSE, MACDONALD HOUSE,
1 G R 0 S V E N 0 R
1 GROSVENOR SOUARE, ^ ^ ^ W SQUARE,
LONDON, W1X OAB. '^LWw^ LONDON, W1X OAB.
C A N A D A
27 December 1979
V
" I "{) (K , ~
. . . I have been as ked t o convey t he at t ac hed message '
f r om Pr i me Mi n i s t e r Cl ar k t o Pr i me Mi n i s t e r That c her .
H. W. î cha^ds on,
Couns el l or
Mr . C. A. Whi t mor e,
P r i n c i p a l P r i v a t e Sec r et ar y
t o t he Pr i me Mi n i s t e r ,
Pr i me Mi ni s t e r ' s Of f i c e ,
10 Downi ng St r e e t ,
London SW1
I
_ TEXT OF A MESSAGE
^ ' FROM PRI ME MI NI STER CLARK TO PRI ME MI NI STER THATCHER
P R I M E M I N I S TE R 'S
Ot t awa, 24 December 1979
PERSONAL M E S S A G E
S E R i A L N o .
" Dear Pr i me Mi n i s t e r That c her ,
The f i n a l agr eement on Rhodes i a i s a s pl endi d achi evement
f o r whi c h your Gover nment des er ves t he f u l l e s t p r a i s e . Af t e r
f our t een year s of agony, t he f i n a l s t eps have begun i n br i ngi ng
Rhodes i a t o l e g a l i ndependence on t he ba s i s of f u l l maj or i t y r ul e
t hr ough a pr oc es s i n whi ch a l l gr oups have now agr eed t o p a r t i c i p a t e
pe a c e f ul l y . Al t hough t he p a r t i e s i nv ol v ed and t he nei ghbour i ng
Af r i c a n St at es wi s hed t o see an end t o t he c o n f l i c t , i t was c l e a r l y
your det er mi nat i on t o r es ol v e t he i s s ue t hat br ought t he ne go t i a t i o ns
t o a s uc c e s s f ul c onc l us i on.
Canada wi l l of c our s e l end i t s f u l l s uppor t t o t he i mpl ement -
a t i o n of t he s et t l ement . Among ot her meas ur es , we ar e t a k i ng i mmedi at e
s t eps t o r emove Canadi an s anc t i ons agai ns t Rhodes i a.
As Canada l ook s f or war d t o wel comi ng an i ndependent Zi mbabwe
i n t o t he Commonweal t h and t he i n t e r n a t i o n a l communi t y, I hope and t r u s t
t hat t h i s s uc c es s wi l l add i mpet us t o t he peac ef ul r e s o l u t i o n of ot her
wor l d pr obl ems , not t he l e a s t of whi ch of c our s e i s Nami bi a.
Wi t h a l l good wi s hes .

J oe Cl a r k "
I ^ CONFIDENTIAL v ^ ^ ^ ^ \^
:
[:
GR 150
CONFIDENTIAL
FM SALISBURY 271000Z DEC 79
TO FLASH MAPUTO
TELNO 17 OF 27/12/79
INFO FLASH FCO IMMEDIATE LUSAKA GABORONE DAR ES SALAAM WASHINGTON,
YOUR TELNO 19 : TONGOGARA
1. THI S IS INDEED UNTIMELY NEWS. PLEASE GI VE MUGABE MY SYMPATHY.
2. NHONGO, WHOM I MET BRI EFLY THI S MORNING, I S ALREADY AT WORK
HERE AND HAS ESTABLI SHED USEFUL CONTACT WITH GENERAL ACLAND. AS
' SEEN FROM HERE, IT WOULD ADD TOTHE COMPLICATIONS IF HE HAD TO BE
RECALLED AT THI S STAGE. PLEASE URGE STRONGLY UPON MUGABE THAT
NHONGO SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO REMAIN IN SALI SBURY AT LEAST UNTI L
THE CRUCIAL ASSEMBLY PROCESS IS COMPLETED.
3. YOU SHOULD AVOD GI VI NG ANY INDICATION THAT WE MIGHT BE ABLE TO
DELAY THE CEASEFI RE TI METABLE.
SOAMES /
(
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F I L E S DEF D
SHOD D O J D A DDI T I ONA L D I S T R I B U T I O N
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UND MR HANNAY
L E G A L A D V I S E R S L OR D N G L E NNOX
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S U R V I V O R O F T O N G O G A R A 'S P AR T Y ( T H R E E O T H E R S w-* E I N J U R E D ) AN D B Y T H E
K O Z A M B I C A N A U T H O R I T I E S H E I S S A T I S F I E D T H A T T H E R S j t f A S N O F C U L P L A . Y .
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M E N T W I T H I N T H E N E X T C O U P L E O F H O U R S .
3. M U G A B E F E A R E D T H A T T H E D E A T H O F T H I S K E Y M A N WO U L D C O M P L I C A T E A N D
J E L A Y T H E C E A S E F I R E P R O C E S S . H E A N D H I S C O L L E A G U E S WO U L D B E D E C I D I N G
L A T E R T O D A Y O N H O W T O F I L L T H E G A P . O N E P O S S I B I L I T Y WO U L D B E T H E
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A N D WA S A C C O M P A N Y I N G H I M , H A S S U R V I V E D .
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TH E P F WO U LD H AVE P R E F E R R E D U N S U P E R VI S I O N - B Y P O S S I B L E
I N T E R F E R E N C E B Y R H O D E S I A N AN D S O U TH A F R I C A N F O R C E S , AN D B Y
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H MAPUTO TELEGRAM NC 11 T O ME j RETURN CF ZANU B|
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AL L U M TO O K TH E L I N E (R I G H T L Y I N MY VI E W) TH AT TH E L E A D E R S WO U LD ! .
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C R O WD S WO U LD G A T H E R , AN D " S P O N T A N E O U S " P R O C E S S I O N S WO U LD
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I . 5. AL L U M T E L L S ME TH AT H E A G R E E D WI TH M U G AB E I N LO N D O N O N TH E
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U N D E R S TO O D TO B E M U G A B E , N U Z E N P * . T E K E R E AN D M U M U N G AG WA. H E
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M U G A B E 'S H O U S E , P L U S C E R T A I N Z AN U T E C H N I C A L . S E C U R I T Y M E N WI T H I N
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w^^lSy p p> : ; L I'**SSAGE - I
P R I ME MI N I S T E S E P I I A L No. ..l TJ3s.Ab^l 3 "
MEW DELHI - 110011
December 26, 1979
I have read with great interest your letters of
10th November and 11th December on the Rhodesia Conference
in London.
We have just heard that the leaders of the Patriotic
Front have accepted the arrangements for the ceasefire,
putting the coping stone on the structure so patiently
pieced together at the historic Lancaster House Conference.
We are greatly relieved by the happy culmination of the
process which was initiated with the f u l l backing of the
Commonwealth at Lusaka l a s t August. If I may say so, you
and Lord Carrington have thereby shown a statesmanship
which w i l l significantly reinforce Commonwealth ideals and
the cause of democratic decolonisation. The Patriotic
Front have endured great privations and sacrifices in
their long struggle. It was not easy for them to accept
arrangements which they plainly considered to be dis-
advantageous. That they have done so now i s a measure
of trust which, we hope, w i l l be reciprocally strengthened
under Lord Soames as Governor.
We wish the Governor a l l success in completing the
work which has been so propitiously begun under your
stewardship.
Yours sincerely,
The Rt. Hon. Margaret Thatcher,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom,
L O N D O N
*
I
H ^ 460
C O N FID EN TIAL
F M L U S A K A 251055Z
| " T E L N O . 1459 O F 25 D E C E M B E R 1979 (/
A N D T O I M M E D I A T E S A L I S B U R Y ~ A .
R E P E A T E D T O P R I O R I T Y M A P U T O , P R E T O R I A . ( p *
M I P T : N K O M O ,
F R O M S T E P H E N S O N .
1 . D U R I N G M Y D I S C U S S I O N WI T H D A B E N G WA I C O U L D S E E AN D F A I N T L Y
H E A R N K O M O A D D R E S S I N G A L A R G E G A T H E R I N G O F Z A P U M I L I T A R Y AN D
C I V I L I A N P E R S O N N E L I N T H E C O U R T Y A R D O F Z I M B A B W E H O U S E .
2. N K O M O P R A I S E D H I S P E O P L E F O R T H E I R S T R U G G L E A N D D E T E R M I N A T I O N ,
A S K E N T H E M T O O B S E R V E T H E C E A S E -F I R E A N D K E E P T O A P P O I N T E D A R E A S
A L T H O U G H H E ' WA R D E D T H E M T O B E V I G I L A N T A N D " W A T C H O U T F O R
M A D M E N " . H E S A I D T H A T T H E P . F . WO U L D F I G H T T H E E L E C T I O N A S O N E
U N I T . I WA S T O O F A R A WA Y T O H E A R T H E E N T I R E S P E E C H B U T T H E G E N E R A L
T O N E WA S V E R Y M U C H O F N O W I S T H E T I M E F O R P E A C E , " Y O U D E S E R V E
P E A C E " H E T O L D T H E C R O WD .
3 . WH E N N K O M O H A D F I N I S H E D H E C A M E I N T O D A B E N G W A ' S O F F I C E A N D I
WA S I N T R O D U C E D . H E G R E E T E D M E V E R Y W A R M L Y , T H A N K E D M E F O R T H E
H E L P WE WE R E G I V I N G A N D A S K E D I F H E C O U L D H A V E A WO R D I N P R I V A T E . . .
WE S P O K E ATTTTUTAB O U T T O M O R R O W
7
^ F L I G H T A N D H E T H E N A S K E D I F
WE C O U L D A R R A N G E T R A N S P O R T A T I O N T O T A K E H I M T O S A L T S 3 U R Y A L S O .
1 A S K E D IF H E H A D D E C I D E D WH E N T O L E A V E L U S A K A B U T H E S A I D T H A T
H E H A D M U C H T O D O B E F O R E L E A V I N G Z A M B I A A N D T H A T H E WO U L D
C O N T A C T U S F U R T H E R O N C E H E H A D D E C I D E D (1 M A D E M O C O M M I T M E N T
S I M P L Y S A Y I N G T H A T 1 WO U L D B E R E P O R T I N G T O L O N D O N L A T E R T O D A Y ) .
D A B E N G WA L A T E R S A I D T H A T H E T H O U G H T N K O M O WO U L D L E A V E F O R
S A L I S B U R Y I N E A R L Y J A N U A R Y .
4. I T H E N A S K E D N K O M O IF A D E C I S I O N H A D B E E N T A K E N O N H O W
Z A P U A N D Z A N U WO U L D C O N T E S T T H E E L E C T I O N S . H E S A I D T H A T T H E
P A T R I O T I C F R O N T WO U L D F I G H T T H E E L E C T I O N S A S O N E U N I T A N D I T WA S
WrfWiMi '&.U>LAX I I A L
I
M O R E I M P O R T A N T T H A N A N Y F A C T I O N O R P E R S O N . D A B E N G V/ A T O L D M E %
L A T E R H O WE VE R T H A T N K O M O WA N T S Z A P U A N D Z A N U T O J O I N T O G E T H E R
D U R I N G T H E E L E C T I O N C A M P A I G N B U T Z A N U H A V E N O T Y E T R E S P O N D E D
TO H I S P R O P O S A L .
5, I A L S O D I S C U S S E D T H E C O N T E N T O F S A L I S B U R Y T E L N O . 34 (N O T T O
P R E T O R I A ) A B O U T T H E R E G I S T R A T I O N D A T E F O R E L E C T I C N S . I F O U N D
N K O M O A N D D A B E N G WA I L L -I N F O R M E D O N T H I S S U B J E C T B U T T H E Y WE R E
I B O T H R E L I E V E D T H A T A F I N A L D E C I S I O N N E E D N O T B E T A K E N U N T I L
A. 14 J A N U A R Y . I T H I N K I T WO U L D B E W I S E H O WE VE R T O M A K E S U R E T H A T
I Z A P U O F F I C I A L S I N S A L I S B U R Y A R E C O M P L E T E L Y I N T H E P I C T U R E A S
M( I H A D T H E C L E A R I M P R E S S I O N T H A T T H E P . F . B A D L Y N E E D T H E A D D I T I O N A L
F O U R T E E N D A Y S . N K O "'0 A S K E D I F I H A D T H E N E C E S S A R Y F O R ~ M S N E E D E D
F O T" R ^GTSTR AT I O N O N 31 D E C E M B E R . I S A I D T H A T T H E S E WO U L D B E
J P R O V I D E D I N S A L I S B U R Y S O G R A T E F U L I F S A L I S B U R Y C O U L D M A K E S U R E
, ' \ T H A T Z A P U K N O W WH E R E T O O B T A I N T H E M : H E T H E N A S K E D M E I F WE H A D
\J A L I S T O F E L E C T O R A L D I S T R I C T S I N Z I M B A B W E . I S H O U L D B E G R A T E F U L
I F S A L I S B U R Y C O U L D L E T U S H A V E D E T A I L S A S S O O N A S P O S S I B L E .
N K O M O , I N E N D I N G , Q U I P P E D " W H O N E E D S E L E C T O R A L D I S T R I C T S , I T
I S Z I M B A B WE WE A R E A F T E R " .
rÂ6. N K O M O L O O K E D V E R Y T I R E D B U T H E S T I L L M A N A G E D T O C R E A T E A N
J E L E C T R I C A T M O S P H E R E A M O N G S T T H E _ C R O W D . A S I WA S L E A V I N G H E
' W E A R I L Y A G R E E D
N E I L S O N .
F I L E S
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T O S E E T H E T A S S C O R R E S P O N D E N T .
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PS/ MR LUCE
PS/ MR RIDLEY
PS/ivLR HURD
PS/ MR MARTEN
PS/ PUS
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MR BULLARD
MR HAMAY
LORD N G LMNQX
MR DAY
MR ASPIN
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|
RHODESIA POLICY I
I
I
0
I *
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION BETWEEN THE PRIME MINISTER AND LORD SOAMES
TUESDAY 25 DECEMBER 1979
PM: We rang to wish to a l l a very happy Christmas, you and Mary
and to say thank you yet again.
Lord Soames: What a k i n d thought.
PM: Not at a l l . We heard on the r a d i o t h i s morning t h a t the
s o l d i e r s are a r r i v i n g and they had had more o f f e r s f o r Christmas
than there are s o l d i e r s .
Lord Soames: There are indeed and I have j u s t been asked to see
them.
PM: Is a l l w e l l , C h r i s t o p h e r ?
Lord Soames: I t i s a l l w e l l so f a r , you know. We have got a number
of d i f f i c u l t i e s but t h a t i s what we are hear f o r .
PM: Yes, but i t i s r a t h e r e x c i t i n g , i s n ' t i t ?
Lord Soames: It i s very e x c i t i n g . I am a b i t more o p t i m i s t i c than
I was two days ago I must say.
PM: Well i t looked a b i t ugly then d i d n ' t i t ?
Lord Soames: Yes i t d i d . You know, i t comes and goes but I j u s t
pray we can p u l l i t o f f .
PM: Well, you can.
Lord Soames: I t won't be f o r want of t r y i n g anyway
PM: Well I know, nor f o r want of f l a i r nor f o r want of b r i l l i a n c e
and j u s t the r i g h t touch.
B !
Lord Soames: You are k i n d and w i l l you g i v e our love to Denis too.
PM: Yes and l o t s of love to Mary and we are j u s t spending Christmas
r e a d i n g her book about her mother.
Lord Soames: Oh yes, how n i c e . T e l l me i s the weather awful with
you?
PM: The weather t h i s morning i s b r i g h t sunshine, a hard f r o s t and
i t looks p e r f e c t . You couldn't have a more p e r f e c t Christmas Day.
Lord Soames: Well we are j u s t going to have a swim.
PM: How marvellous. Well l o t s of love to you a l l and to Mary
and would you g i v e our very k i n d regards to Tony Duff as w e l l .
Lord Soames: Yes of course I w i l l and thank you a thousand times
f o r you k i n d thought i n r i n g i n g .
PM: B l e s s you C h r i s t o p h e r and happy Christmas and good New Year
Lord Soames: And we w i l l be i n touch. E v e r y t h i n g going a l l r i g h t
your end?
PM: E v e r y t h i n g i s going a l l r i g h t . We are h e l p i n g America with
Iran at the moment.
Lord Soames: Your v i s i t to America was a glowing success.
PM: Well a l l t h a t helps with Rhodesia, you know.
Lord Soames: Well a b s o l u t e l y .
PM: It a l l came at the r i g h t time.
Lord Soames: How does Europe look?
PM: A l l r i g h t C h r i s t o p h e r . Bye bye. Much l o v e .
I H
^ ^ g p ^ v HIGH COMMI SSI ON FOR THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLI C OF BANGLADESH
2 8 Q u e e n s G a , e
' / ^ B k . ' London SW7 5JA
P h o n e s: 0 1 -5 8 4 0 0 8 1 (4 Lin e s)
WH W HI G ra m s: &JMMri&OHJM ffcti? iSTER'S
v355<3&*/ T e le x: 9 1 8 0 1 6
PERSONAL \ I A G E
S E R i A L N o . . . . T. '. . '
7
^ A797.
No.Pol.VI/l/78 24th December, "TQW'.*
The High Commission f o r the People's R e p u b l i c
of Bangladesh p r e s e n t s i t s compliments t o the F o r e i g n and
Commonwealth O f f i c e and has the honour t o forward the
f o l l o w i n g message from the Hon'ble P r e s i d e n t of the People's
R e p u b l i c of Bangladesh addressed t o the Hon'ble Prime
M i n i s t e r of the U n i t e d Kingdom:
Message b e g i n s .
Dear Prime M i n i s t e r ,
Thank you f o r your l e t t e r dated December 11,1979.
I t was, indeed, most t h o u g h t f u l of you t o i n f o r m me about
the progress of the t a l k s on Zimbabwe-Rhodesia and your
c o n t i n u i n g e f f o r t s i n r e s o l v i n g the problem. Subsequently
I was p l e a s e d t o l e a r n about the agreement f i n a l l y
reached.
Please accept my h e a r t i e s t f e l i c i t a t i o n s on
l a y i n g the f o u n d a t i o n f o r t h e p e a c e f u l t r a n s f e r of power
and the e s t a b l i s h m e n t of a genuine m a j o r i t y r u l e i n
Zimbabwe (Southern R h o d e s i a ) . The peace l o v i n g people of
the Commonwealth and indeed throughout the world
a p p r e c i a t e your admirable f a r - s i g h t and statesmanship
which made t h i s remarkable achievement p o s s i b l e .
We are c o n f i d e n t t h a t the s p i r i t of f a i r n e s s
w i t h which your government conducted the n e g o t i a t i o n s
would a l s o be r e f l e c t e d i n the implemen t a t i o n of the
agreement reached i n London t o ensure the p e a c e f u l
t r a n s f e r of power and the e s t a b l i s h m e n t of a genuine
m a j o r i t y r u l e i n Zimbabwe.
I wish you c o n t i n u e d good h e a l t h and
success.
Z i a u r Rahman
Message ends.
The High Commission would be g r a t e f u l i f
the above message i s forwarded t o i t s h i g h e s t d e s t i n a t i o n .
The High Commission f o r Bangladesh a v a i l s i t s e l f
of t h i s o p p o r t u n i t y to renew t o the F o r e i g n and Commonwealth
O f f i c e the assurances of i t s h i g h e s t c o n s i d e r a t i o n .
I ^^^^ l
F o r e i g n and Commonwealth O f f i c e ,
Downing S t r e e t ,
LONDON SW 1
I
H I G H G 0 M M I S S I 0 N F 0 R T H E P E 0 P L E S
A ^F ^ f c v REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH
2 8 Q u e e n s
/* f/J T . ^f l ^^. G a te , L o n d o n S W7 5J A
y ^ | ^ ^ B L Q\ P h o n e s: 0 1 -5 8 4 0 0 8 1 (4 Lin e s)
01 589 4 8 4 2 ( 3 L i nes )
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W V G ra m s: B A N G L A D O O T . L O N D O N , S W7
\*555J**/ T e le x: 9 1 8 0 1 6
No . P o l . Vl / 1 / 7 8 2 4 t h Dec ember , 1979.
The Hi g h Co mmi s s i o n f o r t h e P e o p l e ' s R e p u b l i c
o f Ba n g l a d e s h p r e s e n t s i t s c o mp l i me n t s t o t h e F o r e i g n a nd
Commonweal t h Of f i c e a nd ha s t h e ho no ur t o f o r wa r d t h e
f o l l o wi n g mes s age f r o m t h e Ho n ' b l e P r e s i d e n t o f t h e P e o p l e ' s
R e p u b l i c o f Ba n g l a d e s h a d d r e s s e d t o t h e Ho n ' b l e P r i me
Mi n i s t e r o f t h e Un i t e d Ki ngdom:
Mes s age, b e g i n s .
De a r P r i me Mi n i s t e r ,
Thank y o u f o r y o u r l e t t e r d a t e d Dec ember 11, 1979.
I t was , i n d e e d , mos t t h o u g h t f u l o f y o u t o i n f o r m me a b o u t
t h e p r o g r e s s o f t h e t a l k s on Zi mba bwe - Rho de s i a and y o u r
c o n t i n u i n g e f f o r t s i n r e s o l v i n g t h e p r o b l e m. S u b s e q u e n t l y
I was p l e a s e d t o l e a r n a b o u t t h e a gr e e me nt f i n a l l y
r e a c h e d .
P l e a s e a c c e p t my h e a r t i e s t f e l i c i t a t i o n s on
l a y i n g t h e f o u n d a t i o n f o r t h e p e a c e f u l t r a n s f e r o f power
a nd t h e e s t a b l i s h me n t o f a g e n u i n e ma j o r i t y r u l e i n
Zi mbabwe ( S o u t h e r n Rh o d e s i a ) . The pe a c e l o v i n g p e o p l e o f
t h e Commonweal t h a nd i n d e e d t h r o u g h o u t t h e wo r l d
a p p e e c i a t e y o u r a d mi r a b l e f a r - s i g h t a nd s t a t e s ma n s h i p
wh i c h made t h i s r e ma r k a b l e a c h i e v e me n t p o s s i b l e .
We a r e c o n f i d e n t t h a t t h e s p i r i t o f f a i r n e s s
wi t h wh i c h y o u r go v e r nme nt c o n d u c t e d t h e n e g o t i a t i o n s
wo u l d a l s o be r e f l e c t e d i n t h e i mpl emen t a t i o n o f t h e
a gr e e me nt r e a c h e d i n L o ndo n t o e n s u r e t h e p e a c e f u l
t r a n s f e r o f power a nd t h e e s t a b l i s h me n t o f a g e n u i n e
ma j o r i t y r u l e i n Zi mbabwe.
I wi s h y o u c o n t i n u e d good h e a l t h and
s u c c e s s .
Z i a u r Rahman
Me s s a ge e nds .
The Hi g h Co mmi s s i o n wo u l d be g r a t e f u l i f
t h e a bo v e mes s age i s f o r wa r d e d t o i t s h i g h e s t d e s t i n a t i o n .
The Hi g h Co mmi s s i o n f o r Ba n g l a d e s h a v a i l s i t s e l f
o f t h i s o p p o r t u n i t y t o r enww t o t h e F o r e i g n and Commonweal t h
Of f i c e t h e a s s u r a n c e s o f i t s h i g h e s t c o n s i d e r a t i o n .
I F o r e i g n a nd Commonweal t h Of f i c e ,
I Downi ng S t r e e t ,
I LONDON SW 1
l
* I '"
I Jrajfrf. AUSTRALIAN HIGH COMMISSION LONDON | f
THE HI GH COMMI SSI ONER .
H The Hon. Sir Gordon Freeth, KBE ^ ^ ^ f
2 4 D e c e m b e r 1 9 7 9
m i
I enclose the text of a letter to you from
Prime Minister Fraser on the subject of Rhodesia. I
w i l l let you have the signed original as soon as i t
arrives.
i c I
(Gordon Freeth)
The Rt Hon. Margaret Thatcher, MP
Prime Minister of Great Britain
10 Downing Street
LONDON SW1
$ TEXT OF LETTER FROM THE PRIME MINISTER OF AUSTRALIA,
THE RT HON. MALCOLM FRASER, CH MP, TO
THE PRIME MINISTER OF THE UNITED KINGDOM,
THE RT HON. MARGARET THATCHER, MP.
PRIME MINISTER'S
I
M
A p M- , PERSONAL MESSAGE H
w w
My dear Prime M i n i s t e r , * *~
% ,
.
. SERIAL ,No. X.O.^.D^.i
u
I t i s w i t h g r e a t p l e a s u r e t h a t I am w r i t i n g to
c o n g r a t u l a t e you on the c o n s i d e r a b l e triumph f o r B r i t i s h
f o r e i g n p o l i c y you have j u s t a c h i e v e d i n r e a c h i n g an a l l p a r t y
settlement a t the L a n c a s t e r House conference. The problem of
Rhodesia was one which a f f e c t e d each and every country of the
Commonwealth i n some degree. Indeed, as we were a l l so
p a i n f u l l y aware b e f o r e the Lusaka meeting, i t c a r r i e d r i s k s
f o r the f u t u r e of the Commonwealth i t s e l f . A u s t r a l i a , l i k e
every o t h e r Commonwealth member and indeed o t h e r members of
the world community, i s g r a t e f u l to B r i t a i n f o r what i t has
been a b l e to do so s u c c e s s f u l l y under most d i f f i c u l t circum-
stances.
Your success at the conference owes much to the
d e t e r m i n a t i o n and d i p l o m a t i c s k i l l e x h i b i t e d by P e t e r
C a r r i n g t o n throughout the l a s t f o u r t e e n weeks. There were
times when p a t i e n c e must have been s t r a i n e d , but i n r e t r o s p e c t
I c o n s i d e r i t remarkable not t h a t the t a l k s went on so long,
but t h a t you managed to b r i n g t o g e t h e r onto common ground
p a r t i e s who i n such r e c e n t memory were so f a r a p a r t .
The process of b r i n g i n g Rhodesia to independence as
the new n a t i o n of Zimbabwe i s by no means over. A u s t r a l i a
has a l r e a d y made commitments to a s s i s t i n the implementation
of the L a n c a s t e r House s e t t l e m e n t . We w i l l c o n t i n u e to do
what we can to h e l p reach the f i n a l g o a l . Our two governments
w i l l of course remain i n c l o s e touch i n r e g a r d to developments
i n Rhodesia. T h i s w i l l be f a c i l i t a t e d by our e s t a b l i s h m e n t of
a l i a i s o n o f f i c e i n S a l i s b u r y .
Allow me to say i n c o n c l u s i o n t h a t what has been
a c h i e v e d so f a r promises to have enormous impact on the
t r o u b l e d r e g i o n of Southern A f r i c a . Your government i s
a c t i v e l y i n v o l v e d i n working f o r o t h e r p e a c e f u l s o l u t i o n s to
o t h e r problems t h a t beset t h a t r e g i o n . You may count on my
government to do a l l i t can to support you i n these t a s k s .
My warmest p e r s o n a l r e g a r d s .
(Malcolm F r a s e r )
R , M E
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I 1| | ' E R S O N A L M E S S A G j
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A L N o . ILl Lmr I
J A M A
K I N G S T ON . J AMAI C A /
24th December, 1979
Many thanks f o r your l e t t e r o f 11th December
i n which you brought me up to date on the L a n c a s t e r
House Conference on Rhodesia and, i n p a r t i c u l a r , on the
matter of the c e a s e - f i r e arrangements which were s t i l l
o u t s t a n d i n g when you wrote.
I have been very p l e a s e d t o l e a r n s i n c e t h a t
time t h a t you have indeed been a b l e to reach agreement
w i t h the P a t r i o t i c F r o n t on the arrangements f o r the
c e a s e - f i r e , and t h a t i t has been p o s s i b l e to achieve a
f i n a l s i g n i n g .
I hope i t w i l l now be p o s s i b l e , i n f a c t , to
b r i n g the long war to an end i n t h a t unhappy country,
and t h a t the d e t a i l e d agreements, which have been
p a t i e n t l y worked out, can be implemented as envisaged.
P l e a s e be assured t h a t you can count on my
continued support.
Yours s i n c e r e l y ,
M i c h a e l Manley.
The Rt. Honourable Mrs, Margaret Thatcher, C
Prime M i n i s t e r ,
10 Downing S t r e e t ,
LONDON.
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IN REPLY PLEASE QUOTE 1 , / . . " \ I T E L E P H O N E No: - Ol -ZSS M M CXT
T i l l \ \ [ T' m
H
No. POL-2/20/78 December 24, 1979
P R I M E M I N I S TE R 'S I
J>eA>^ PERSONAL MESSAGE
S E R I A L N o.xmj.i3r,.,.
I have the honour to convey the f o l l o w i n g message
from General Mohammad Zia-ul-Haq, the P r e s i d e n t of the
I s l a m i c Republic of P a k i s t a n : -
Begins:
I
I
I would l i k e to thank you f o r your message of
December 11, i n f o r m i n g me of the progress of the
conference on Rhodesia and the e f f o r t s o f your
Government to conclude an agreement which would
ensure a p e a c e f u l t r a n s f e r of power to the people
of Zimbabwe.
The s i g n i n g of the agreement i n London on
December 21, i s a s i g n i f i c a n t development i n the
process of d e c o l o n i z a t i o n i n Southern A f r i c a and
i t i s a measure of your sagacious l e a d e r s h i p and
the o u t s t a n d i n g d i p l o m a t i c s k i l l of Lord Carrington
t h a t such a complex i s s u e has been resolved peace-
f u l l y through n e g o t i a t i o n s . T h i s development i s
welcomed u n i v e r s a l l y and i n p a r t i c u l a r by the
c o u n t r i e s of the T h i r d World.
In a c c e p t i n g r e s p o n s i b i l i t y as the administering
power i n Rhodesia, the B r i t i s h Government has
p r o v i s i o n s of the agreement to h o l d f a i r and f r e e
e l e c t i o n s which would l e a d to the emergence of an
independent s o v e r e i g n Zimbabwe.
I am c o n f i d e n t t h a t we w i l l soon see a
c u l m i n a t i o n of your e f f o r t s to b r i n g about a new
e r a of peace, t r a n q u i l i t y and p r o g r e s s i n Zimbabwe.
General Mohammad Zia-ul-Haq
Ends.
I take t h i s o p p o r t u n i t y to convey the assurances of
my h i g h e s t c o n s i d e r a t i o n .
j X / ^ ^ ( Amir Usman )
Charge d ' A f f a i r e s , a . i . ,
The Rt. Hon. Mrs. Margaret Thatcher,
Prime M i n i s t e r of the U n i t e d Kingdom
of Great B r i t a i n and Northern I r e l a n d ,
10 Downing S t r e e t ,
LONDON, SW1A 2AL
I I
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*
#
C O N FID EN TIAL
C O N FID EN TIAL
FM MAPUTO 24ia4i3Z DEC 79 /
TO IMMEDIATE FCO f N ^ ^
TEL NO 511 OF 24 DECEMBER V
AND TO IMMEDIATE SALISBURY.
INFO PRIORITY LUSAKA PRETORIA GABORONE WASHINGTON
UKMIS NEW YORK
MY TEL NO 009 TO SALISBURY (NOT TO ALL): MOZAMBIQUE/RHODES IA
1. I SAW THE PRESIDENT THIS EVENING AND SPOKE AS INSTRUCTED IN YOUR
TEL NO 187. HE ASKED ME TO THANK YOU AND THE PRIME MINISTER MOST
WARMLY. HE EXPRESSED HIS ADMIRATION FOR THE PRIME MINISTER'S
COURAGE IN NOT HESITATING TO ASSUME THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF A
COLONIAL POWER IN ORDER TO DECOLCMISE IN A FIT MANNER. MOZAMBIQUE
HAD NO ULTERIOR MOTIVES IN RHODES L A ^J T HAD HELPED THE STRUGGLE
AGAINST THE" ILLEGAL REGIME ONLY BECAUSE IT WANTED TO SEE A FREE,
STABLE, UNITED, NON-RACIST AND PEACEFUL ZIMBABWE UNDER A GOVERNMENT
FREELY ELECTED THROUGH DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES, THAT ALL THIS WAS
AGREED IN LONDON WAS A VICTORY FOR ALL. PROGRESS TOWARDS
NORMALISATION AND PEACE AND DEMOCRACY WAS NOW IRREVERSIBLE. IT
OPENED THE WAY FOR CLOSE COLLABORATION BETWEEN OUR TWO COUNTRIES.
2. WITH SANCTIONS GONE MOZAMBIQUE WAS NOW READY TO COOPERATE FULLY
WITH US. HE AGREED TO CROSS-BORDER MONITORING LIAISON AT ALL FIVE'
POINTS SUGGESTED BY USs AND WAS READY TO SEND PEOPLE TO SALISBURY.
I INTERRUPTED TO SAY THAT THE PROPOSALS PUT TO GURDON AND BROAD
YESTERDAY WERE FAR IN EXCESS OF WHAT WE HAD BEEN TALKING ABOUT BUT
MACHEL INDICATED THAT THIS WAS NOT. HIS POINT. HE QUITE UNDERSTOOD
THAT THE GOVERNOR WOULD NEED TIME TO CONSIDER THE PROPOSAL AND
PERHAPS CONSULT LONDON, THE REAL POINT HE WISHED TO MAKE WAS THE
NEED FOR THE EARLIEST POSSIBLE RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS
WHICH BOTH MOZAMBIQUE AND RHODES IA BADLY NEEDED. FOR THIS
" MOZAMBIQUE REQUIRED URGENT ASSISTANCE FROM THE "INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY" AND HE HANDED ME A NOTE (COPIES BY BAG TO YOU AND
SALISBURY) WHICH LISTS THE PRIORITIES AS
/ I
C O N FID EN TIAL '
I
I
I CONFIDENTIAL (
#
I
A . R E P A I R S TO R A I L WA Y S , L O C O M O T I VE S AN D R A I L AMD R O AD B R I D G E S
1 O P E N I N G U P I N T H E F I R S T I N S T A N C E T H E C R O S S I N G S AT M U C U M B U R A ,
C U C H A M A N O , M A N I C A , E 3 P U N G A E E R A AN D C H I C U A L A C U A L A :
B . P O R T E Q U I P M E N T I N C L U D I N G A R T I C U L A T E D O I L P I P E S ' AN D F O R K L I F T S :
C . R A D I O E Q U I P M E N T FO R B E I R A A I R P O R T :
D . T E L E L I N K 3 B E T WE E N B E I R A AN D S A L I S B U R Y AN D B E I R A AN D B L A N T YR E
AN D B E T WE E N M AP U T O AN D S A L I S B U R Y .
I P R O M I S E D TO R E P O R T .
3. T H I S S E E M S TO C O N F I R M T H E VI E W I N S A L I S B U R Y T E L N O 8 TO M AP U T O
TH AT G U E B U Z A ' S L I A I S O N P R O P O S A L S WE R E A T R Y O N : B U T I H O P E T H A T I
C AN G I VE TH E M O Z AM B I C A N S O U R C O N S I D E R E D R I P O S T E O N L I A I S O N AS S O O N
1 AS P O S S I B L E WI T H D E T A I L S O F O U R O WN M I L I T A R Y L I A I S O N O F F I C E R / U N I T
AN D H I S / T H E I R L I K E L Y D A T E O F A R R I V A L I N M A P U T O .
I P A P A U O P O U L O S
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PS/ MR RIDLEY
PS/ kR HURD
PS/ MR MARTEN
PS/ PUS
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MP BULLARD
MR HANNAY
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LEGAL ADVISERS ' LORD N G LENNOX
(MR F REEL AND)
(MR FIFOOT) MR DAY
MR ASPIN 3
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I I l'^ ' A G E
We were deeply g r a t i f i e d to hear o f the
remarkable breakthrough i n the peace t a l k s on the Zimbabwe-
Rhodesia problem.
Your perseverence, remarkable statesmanship, and
deep commitment to a p e a c e f u l s o l u t i o n to the problem were
d e c i s i v e f a c t o r s i n b r i n g i n g about a s u c c e s s f u l c o n c l u s i o n
to the n e g o t i a t i o n s .
We s i n c e r e l y hope the p a r t i e s concerned would
adhere to the c o n d i t i o n s o f the c e a s e - f i r e to enable a
p e a c e f u l t r a n s i t i o n to l e g a l i t y and e v e n t u a l independence
which the people of Zimbabwe - Rhodesia c o u l d accept.
We a l s o hope your e n e r g i e s would continue i n the
same s p i r i t to help b r i n g about peace to o t h e r t r o u b l e d
areas of the world e s p e c i a l l y i n the Middle East inhere a
comprehensive, j u s t , and p e a c e f u l s e t t l e m e n t o f the
c o n f l i c t i s badly needed not o n l y by the people of the
area but the world over.
With my best wishes and r e g a r d s .
The Rt. Hon. Mrs. Margaret Thatcher
Prime M i n i s t e r
London
Great B r i t a i n .
I H H I H H H H H H H H H H i H f l H I H H ^^H I H I ^H I Î ^H B H H I Î ^ H U
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F O R R E S I D E N T C L E R K
1. T H E H E A D O F T H E R O Y A L C O U R T T O D A Y G A V E M E T H E F O L L O W I N G
P E R S O N A L M E S S A G E F R O M K I N G H U S S E I N T O T H E P R I M E M I N I S T E R .
B E G I N S |
D E A R P R I M E M I N I S T E R
WE W E R E D E E P L Y G R A T I F I E D T O H E A R O F T H E R E M A R K A B L E B R E A K T H R O U G H
I N T H E P E A C E T A L K S O N T H E Z I M B A B W E -R H O D E S I A P R O B L E M .
Y O U R P E R S E R V E R E N C E , R E M A R K A B L E S T A T E S M A N S H I P , A N D
D E E P C O M M I T M E N T T O A P E A C E F U L S O L U T I O N T O T H E P R O B L E M WE R E
D E C I S I V E F A C T O R S I N B R I N G I N G A B O U T A S U C C E S S F U L C O N C L U S I O N
T O T H E N E G O T I A T I O N S .
WF S I N C E R E L Y H O P E T H E P A R T I E S L _ C O N C J E R J N E ^ I
A D H E R E T O T H E C O N D I T I O N S O F T H E C E A S E - F I R E T O E N A B L E A
P E A C E F U L T R A N S I T I O N T O L E G A L I T Y A N D E V E N T U A L I N D E P E N D E N C E
WH I C H T H E P E O P L E O F Z I M B A B W E -R H O D E S I A C O U L D A C C E P T .
WE A L S O H O P E Y O U R E N E R G I E S WO U L D C O N T I N U E I N T H E
S A M E S P I R I T T O H E L P B R I N G A B O U T P E A C E T O O T H E R T R O U B L E D
A R E A S O F T H E WO R L D E S P E C I A L L Y I N T H E M I D D L E E A S T WH E R E A
C O M P R E H E N S I V E , J U S T , A N D P E A C E F U L S E T T L E M E N T O F T H E
C O N F L I C T I S B W D L Y N E E D E D N O T O N L Y B Y T H E P E O P L E O F T H E
A R E A B U T T H E WO R L D O V E R .
W I T H M Y B E S T W I S H E S A N D R E G A R D S .
M O S T S I N C E R E L Y
Y O U R F R I E N D
H U S S E I N 1.
2. O R I G I N A L F O L L O W S B Y N E X T B A G .
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^ H I G H C O M M I S S I O N E R
'^mW^' R E P U B L I C O F S I N G A P O R E
22 December 1979 ^ ^/ |
The Rt Hon Margaret Thatcher, MP
Pri me Minister / i n v i l C T F R ' S
10, Downing Street pB |! \ rtE M I N I S 1 t ^
London SW1 . r c C AGE
PERSONAL M E S S A U t
S E R I A L N o . Tni PO I-
Dear Pri me Minister
I am instructed by my Pri me Minister, Mr Lee Kuan Yew
to forward you a message which reads as follows:-
"The Rt Hon Margaret Thatcher ^
Pri me Minister _ r
Great Britain
Dear Prime Minister
Thank you for your message.
The agreement is a triumph to all who brought it
about under Lord Carrington's chairmanship. I f, perchance,
it were unable to prevent a subsequent resort to violence,
\ no blame attaches to those who tried so arduously and
V honourably to bring peace through so sensible and eminently
fair a solution.
Yours sincerely
LEE KUAN YEW"
Yours sincerely"^
(J EK YElj tf THONG)
|
I -* I- I
THE PRIME MINISTER December, 1979.
2 2
\ Dear Mr. Ramphal,
Thank you f o r your k i n d l e t t e r of
19 December about the outcome o f the
L a n c a s t e r House Conference. I a p p r e c i a t e '
your l e t t e r the more i n t h a t i t comes from
someone whose own c o n t r i b u t i o n to the success
of the Conference was s i g n i f i c a n t . As you - . -|
say, the p e r i o d ahead promises to be no l e s s * I
t e s t i n g than t h a t which we have j u s t come
through. L i k e you, I hope t h a t the
Commonwealth w i l l have a s u b s t a n t i a l r o l e
t o p l a y i n the e f f o r t to a c h i e v e the f i n a l
s u c c e s s .
Yours s i n c e r e l y , ' '.
5| (SGD) MT ' . | |
H i s E x c e l l e n c y Mr. S h r i d a t h S. Ramphal Kt CMG QC -V ..'
_ _ _ B1 HHH lH l1 11 1 H i H I H BH H H B B
-
H I H H H H H H H H H I H H I H H H H H H H
-
B H H H O H HHH HHH HHHHHH H HHHH HH HHHH ~ ^^^H
/ ^^R ^ i For ei gn and Commonweal th Offi ce
\ 3sgpI J / L ondon SW1A 2 A H
21 December 1979
Message from the Prime M i n i s t e r of F i j i : Rhodesia
With h i s l e t t e r of 17 December t o me, Nick Sanders
e n c l o s e d the t e x t of a message from the Prime M i n i s t e r of
F i j i .
As the Prime M i n i s t e r was r e p l y i n g t o a message from
Mrs Thatcher, we do not c o n s i d e r t h a t a f u r t h e r message to
S i r Ratu Mara i s r e q u i r e d . However, s u b j e c t to your
agreement, we would propose to ask the B r i t i s h High Commissioner
at Suva to thank S i r Ratu Mara f o r h i s message, on b e h a l f o f
the Prime M i n i s t e r .
(R M J Lyne)
i / * 3
11
F or ei gn and Commonweal th Offi ce
V^lS ft/ L ondon SW1A 2 A H
21 December 1979 /
I should be g r a t e f u l i f you c o u l d thank Mr Nguza
K a r l - i - B o n d f o r h i s k i n d message about Rhodesia, which was
t r a n s m i t t e d under cover of your Embassy's note o f
\ \ m\ ' \ mmM
10 December. The Prime M i n i s t e r has a l s o asked me i f I t
c o u l d pass on her a p p r e c i a t i o n t o P r e s i d e n t Mobutu f o r h i s
message on the same s u b j e c t .
We have been very g r a t e f u l f o r the a c t i v e support o f
your P r e s i d e n t and F o r e i g n M i n i s t e r d u r i n g the
L a n c a s t e r House Conference. With the s i g n i n g o f the f i n a l
Conference Report and o f the C e a s e f i r e Agreement, Rhodesia
w i l l s t a n d f i r m l y on the path t o l e g a l independence on the
b a s i s of genuine m a j o r i t y r u l e . T h i s i s , of c o u r s e , the
r e s u l t f o r which we have s t r i v e n f o r so l o n g .
There are bound t o be d i f f i c u l t i e s ahead. In p a r t i c u l a r ,
I r e g a r d i t as v i t a l t h a t the p a r t i e s s h o u l d comply
s c r u p u l o u s l y w i t h the terms of the C e a s e f i r e Agreement, and
t h a t a genuine s p i r i t o f r e c o n c i l i a t i o n s h o u l d be developed.
However I am c o n f i d e n t t h a t , w i t h the c o n t i n u i n g a s s i s t a n c e
o f our f r i e n d s , such f u r t h e r d i f f i c u l t i e s as may a r i s e can
be overcome. ^
H BH
H i s E x c e l l e n c y
Mr Matungulu N'Kuman Tavun
\ \ \ \ m^
H / ^ / i
- *' .'- mm - i * - - -mi I'- j -^.r r W N M W M W A M W MHtfWMiMtfttlil M
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| H H STATEMENT BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE / ^
As Chai r man of t he Lancas t er House Conf er ence I woul d l i k e t o make a
f ew concl udi ng r emar ks.
Wi t h t he s i gnat ur e of t hi s F i nal Repor t we compl et e t oget her f our t een
weeks of concer t ed and concent r at ed e f f o r t . I woul d l i k e t o
t ake t hi s oppor t uni t y t o c ongr at ul at e a l l t he par t i c i pant s
i n t hi s Conf er ence, and i n pa r t i c ul a r t he l eader s of t he
del egat i ons who s i t bes i de me, on t he s uc c es s f ul out come
of our endeavour s. The document s t hat we have j us t s i gned
ar e of t he gr eat es t s i gni f i c anc e t o t he peopl e of Rhodesi a
and of t he nei ghbour i ng St at es .
I n openi ng t hi s Conf er ence I expr essed t he hope t hat we woul d be
abl e t o l ay t he f oundat i ons f or a f r ee, i ndependent and
democr at i c s oc i et y i n whi ch a l l t he peopl e of Rhodesi a
i r r es pec t i v e of t hei r r ace or p o l i t i c a l be l i e f s woul d be
abl e t o l i v e i n s ec ur i t y and at peace wi t h each ot her
and wi t h t hei r nei ghbour s . That hope has now been
r eal i s ed. The peopl e of Rhodesi a wi l l now be abl e t o
s e t t l e t hei r f ut ur e by peacef ul means.
/ As Lor d Soanes 1
__f l - 1 - __H
e
As Lord Soames said on his arrival in Salisbury last week, for
a war weary country the prize is great.
What is that prize? It is the end of war and enmity. It is th
opportunity for all Rhodesians to devote their
energies to peaceful activities. It is a chance for
the country to renew and strengthen its relations
with its neighbours and with the wider international
community. It is, in brief, the opportunity for a
more normal and settled existence. That is what I
believe the people of Rhodesia sought from this
Conference.
In signing these documents today we have together pledged
ourselves to certain solemn undertakings.
For our part, the British Government intend faithfully to
discharge the heavy responsibilities
W
e
n a v e
undertaken
during the period leading to elections and the transfer
of sovereignty to the new Government of Zimbabwe. We
have already taken the legislative action which is
necessary to bring your country to legal independence
following the holding of elections.
/ W e h a v e
- 2 -
We have no wi sh t o pr ol ong our r ol e. Our t ask i s t o gi ve t he peopl e
of your count r y t he chance t o deci de f or t hemsel ves t hei r
own f ut ur e and t o es t abl i s h a new r el at i ons hi p bet ween
Rhodesi a and t he r est of t he wor l d.
I am gl ad t o say t hat t hi s pr ocess has al r eady s t ar t ed, so t hat you
wi l l be abl e t o t ake your r i ght f ul pl ace i n t he i nt er nat i onal
communi t y.
The Br i t i s h Gover nment i s pr epar ed t o hel p Rhodesi a t o over come t he
d i f f i c u l t i e s of t he past ; t o car r y out i t s r es pons i bi l i t i es ;
and t o do i t s ut most t o of f er you t he pr ospect of a mor e
peacef ul f ut ur e. The r est depends on your cooper at i on.
I t i s es s ent i al t o t he success of t he ent er pr i s e on whi ch we ar e now
engaged t hat a l l t he par t i es shoul d r eal i s e t hat what have
been si gned at t he concl usi on of t hi s Conf er ence ar e
sol emn and bi ndi ng agr eement s. I t wi l l be f or t he Gover nor
t o see t hat t he par t i es act i n accor dance wi t h t hese
commi t ment s.
For t he peopl e of Rhodesi a and of t he nei ghbour i ng St at es, t oday' s
/ s i gnat ur e
- 3 -
si gnat ur e her al ds t he end of a war whi ch has caused
i mmense har dshi p and s uf f er i ng, Fr ommi dni ght t oni ght
t he f i r s t phase of t he ceas ef i r e wi l l come i nt o
oper at i on.
The par t i es have pl edged t o cease any cr oss- bor der movement by
t hei r f or ces . I t i s es s ent i al t o t he pr es er vat i on of
t he ceas e- f i r e t hat t hi s agr eement shoul d be compl i ed
wi t h.
The moment , however , f or whi ch t he peopl e of Rhodesi a have been
wai t i ng wi l l come at mi dni ght on Fr i day 28 December .
At t hat t i me a l l ho s t i l i t i e s wi t hi n Rhodesi a must
cease and t he pr ocess of di s- engagement and assembl y
wi l l begi n. Thi s wi l l be a d i f f i c u l t per i od. I t i s
es s ent i al t hat t he f or ces on bot h si des shoul d compl y
s cr upul ous l y, under t he di r ec t i on of t hei r Commander s,
wi t h t he r equi r ement s of t he ceas e- f i r e agr eement .
Thi s pr ovi des
t o
t hat t he f or ces must di s- engage, must move r api dl y
t he near est r endez- vous poi nt , and must t her eaf t er
move on t o t he assembl y pl aces desi gnat ed
_ 4 _
i n t he
/ ceas e- f i r e
1
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1
.
1
*' 9981
ceas e- f i r e agr eement . The successf ul accompl i shment
of t he di s- engagement and assembl y pr ocess wi l l be
of c r uc i al i mpor t ance t o t he f ut ur e ef f ect i venes s of
t he ceas e- f i r e.

The subsequent commi t ment s concer ni ng t he obser vance of t he
ceas e- f i r e and t he pur s ui t of t he po l i t i c a l campai gn
by peacef ul means ar e of no l es s i mpor t ance. The
Gover nor coul d not under t ake hi s t ask wi t hout t he
power s and aut hor i t y whi ch ar e necessar y t o enabl e
hi m t o accompl i sh i t . These i ncl ude t he power t o
t ake what ever act i on i s necessar y t o ensur e compl i ance
wi t h t he agr eement s ent er ed i nt o t oday.
Our commi t ment i s t o f a i r el ec t i ons , Havi ng commi t t ed t hemsel ves
t o campai gn peacef ul l y and t o compl y wi t h t he êas e- f i r e
agr eement , no par t y or gr oup coul d expect t o t ake par t
i n el ect i ons i f i t cont i nued t he war or s ys t emat i cal l y
t o br eak t he ceas e- f i r e and t o pr act i s e wi despr ead
i nt i mi dat i on.
I make no apol ogy f or emphasi si ng t he i mpor t ance of our
commi t ment s i n t he per i od ahead.
/ I have
1
I I
I have done so because I feel strongly the sense of hope which
goes with having achieved so much; for in accepting
them, you have given the people of Rhodesia and of
the neighbouring countries new hope for the future.
The Brit ish Government has sought to create the conditions in
which you can settle your differences by peaceful
means. The agreements which you have signed give you
the opportunity to do so; and will create among the
people of Rhodesia the hope that at the end of a
bit t er conf lict lies the prospect of national
reconciliat ion.
We have a shared responsibility now to do our utmost to
ensure that Zimbabwe comes to independence in
conditions of peace. With your cooperation and that
of the neighbouring countries, we can hope together
to achieve that objective.
We stand at the end of a di f f i cul t decade in the history of
Southern Af rica. With the conclusion today of
the agreement the prospects are immeasurably improved.
/ But the
H
But the si gni f i cance of today's si gnature goes f ar wi der than that.
The progress of the L ancaster House Conference has been
watched wi th keen attenti on from many countri es. I f , as a
resul t of a negoti ated settl ement, wounds so deep can be
heal ed i n Rhodesi a - as I pray they shal l be duri ng the
months ahead - then the peopl e of that country wi l l have
set an example and gi ven hope to others throughout the
worl d.
I n parti cul ar, they wi l l have gi ven new heart to those who have
been pati entl y worki ng f or a peaceful settl ement i n Nami bi a.
And they wi l l have encouraged those who wi sh to resol ve
-
the i ssues whi ch now di vi de South A f ri ca from the other
countri es of the Conti nent.
We have succeeded - not al ways easi l y - i n mai ntai ni ng over weeks
the spi r i t of compromise and determi nati on that was born
at the Lusaka Conference. We have done so wi th the hel p
and support of other Commonwealth countri es, and of much
of A f ri ca.
As I f ormal l y bri ng the Consti tuti onal Conference to a cl ose,
/theref ore
- 7 -
- 1 , 1
#
t her ef or e, I woul d t hank bot h del egat i ons f or r emi ndi ng
t he wor l d, at a t i me when i t i s ver y much i n need of i t ,
t hat t her e i s a genui ne al t er nat i ve t o c onf l i c t . You
have ear ned our deep and si ncer e gr at i t ude. I n t he
t es t i ng days ahead we s hal l gi ve you a l l pos s i bl e suppor t
i n devel opi ng a s pi r i t of r ec onc i l i at i on t hr oughout
Zi mbabwe and Sout her n Af r i c a, and i n ensur i ng t hat t he
next decade t her e wi l l be one of peace and pr os per i t y.
I END
I H
Mm
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ' H
I ^
s>
/ -
DER BOTSCHAFTER
DER BUNDESREPUBLI K DEUTSCHLAND London, 21 December 1979
I frttA hl uu Mati' M,
I have the honour to transmit to you the enclosed
telegramme from Herr Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of the
Federal Republic of Germany.
A courtesy translation i s also attached.
May I add my own sincere congratulations on this
remarkable achievement.

I
Hans H. Ruete
is*& m
The Rt.Hon. Margaret Thatcher, MP
Her Majesty's Prime Minister
and F i r s t Lord of the Treasury
L o n d o n
H
I
von
an
Sweater
PRIME MINISTER'S
T e l e g r a m PERSONAL M E S S A G E
S E R I A L N o .TO _3 X,
Herrn Helmut Schmidt, Bundeskanzler der Bundesrepublik
Deutschland
The Rt.Hon. Margaret Thatcher, MP, Prime Minister
I

I
Frau Premierminister,
Liebe, verehrte Frau Thatcher,
Zu der Unterzeichnung der Schlussakte der LancasterHouse-
Konferenz und dem damit verbundenen Erfolg Ihrer Rhodesien-
p o l i t i k spreche ich Ihnen meine herzlichen Gluckwunsche aus.
Es i s t Ihrer Regierung gelungen, die Konfliktparteien von der
Notwendigkeit des politischen Kompromisses zu uberzeugen, urn
Rhodesien einen friedlichen und international anerkannten Weg
i n die Unabhangigkeit zu ermoglichen. Die von Ihrer Regierung
erreichte aktive Mitwirkung der Frontstaaten bei der Losung
der Rhodesienfrage gibt ein ermutigendes Beispiel fur die
Uberwindung der noch bestehenden afrikanischen Konflikte.
Meine Regierung wird auch weiterhin nach Kraften dazu beitragen,
dass der von Ihnen gewiesene Weg zum Frieden i n Rhodesien und
daruber hinaus zu einer Stabilisierung im stidlichen Afrika
fuhrt.
Mit freundlichen Griissen
Helmut Schmidt
Bundeskanzler der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
^^HHHBH9HHHHII^HflBHHHHHNHHBiH^HHHHHHHHHBM
Courtesy Translation
T e l e g r a m m e /
/
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>
| - 7"
From
To
Herr Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of the
Federal Republic of Germany
The Rt.Hon. Margaret Thatcher, MP
Prime Minister
P R I M E MINISTER'S H
Dear Mrs. Thatcher,
P E R S O N A L M E SSA GE
S E R I A L N o . T.I.7.5.J.T9..I

H
I should l i k e to congratulate you on the signing of the
Final Report of the Lancaster House Conference and on the
success of your Rhodesia policy.
Your Government have been able to convince the Parties
to the c o n f l i c t of the necessity of p o l i t i c a l compromise
as the only way to bring Rhodesia to peace, independence
and international recognition. By obtaining the active
cooperation of the Frontline States i n finding a solution
to the Rhodesian problem, you have given an encouraging
example how s t i l l existing conflicts i n Africa might be
overcome.
My Government w i l l continue to contribute everything
i n their power that the way shown by you w i l l lead to peace
i n Rhodesia and to s t a b i l i t y i n Southern Africa.
With best regards,
Helmut Schmidt
I
f F or ei gn and Commonweal th Offi ce
v ) ^ S ^ / L ondon SW1A 2 A H
21 December 1979
Rhodesia: Message from the Ghanaian P r e s i d e n t
/ I e n c l o s e a l e t t e r from the Ghanaian
High Commissioner to the Prime M i n i s t e r conveying
a message of c o n g r a t u l a t i o n s from Dr Limann
about Rhodesia. The l e t t e r was handed to
Lord C a r r i n g t o n at L a n c a s t e r House t h i s morning.
With your agreement, we would propose
to ask the B r i t i s h High Commissioner at A c c r a
to thank the P r e s i d e n t f o r h i s message.
^^^^J^j^'
(R M J Lyne)
j J O C O
T e le p h o n e , oi-235 4142-5. &J %U O F F I C E O F T H E H I G H C O M M I S S I O N E R FO R G H A N A ,
T e le g ra m s: c B l A C O M , KNI GHTS, L ONDON, S w I ^fi ^^l pK ^K }J
c | | GHANACOM, L ONDON, s. w. i . W ^ W
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2
^ Wmm M I N I S T E R S - m
Yo u r R e f y/f| B
PERSONAL MEv^l sVrJ ecei rber, 1979.
j SERIAL No. H.73Ap..9l
MadamPr i me Mi ni s t er ,

I ami ns t r uc t ed by Hi s Exc el l enc y t he Pr es i dent of Ghana,
Dr . Hi l l a Li mann, t o submi t t he f ol l owi ng message t o you on
t he occas i on of t he s i gni ng of t he agr eement f o r a s et t l ement on
Rhodesi a: -
"ON THE OCCASI ON OF THE SI GNI NG OF THE AGREEMENT FORA
SETTLEMENT ON RHODESI A, I SHOULD LI KE TO CONVEY TO YOU
MY WARMEST CONGRATULATI ONS ON THE SUCCESSFUL CONCLUSI ON
OF THE LANCASTER HOUSE TALKS STOP BRI TAI N, UNDER YOUR
LEADERSHI P DESERVES SI NCERE COMMENDATI ON FOR FORBEARANCE
AND STATESMANSHI P AT THE CONFERENCE AS WELL AS FOR THE
ASSUMPTI ON OF I TS RESPONSI BI LI TI ES STOP WE PRAY THAT AN
ATMOSPHERE OF PEACE AND J USTI CE WI LL NOW PREVAI L I N WHI CH
RHODESI A WI LL SOON BE BROUGHT TO I NDEPENDENCE I N A NEW
ZI MBABWE STOP BEST WI SHES STOP
HI LLA LI MANN
PRESI DENT OF THE REPUBLI C OF GHANA. "
I K < I
J S E. M. " l J J i BRAH^~^ ~~ ' I
HI GH COMMI SSI ONER /
THE Rt . HON. MARGARET THATCHER, M. P. ,
PRI ME MI NI STER,
OFFI CE OF THE PRI ME MI NI STER,
10 DOWNI NG STREET,
LONDON, S. W. I
From the Private Secretary 21 December 1979 . |
\
> /
I e n c l o s e two messages to the Prime
M i n i s t e r from the P r e s i d e n t o f Ghana
7
. I
I
I
*
doubt whether e i t h e r r e q u i r e s any f o r m a l
response but you may l i k e t o arrange f o r the
High Commissioner t o express the Prime
M i n i s t e r ' s thanks o r a l l y .
ffl. O U B. ALEXANDER H
I I
R.M.J. Lyne, Esq.,
II
H ^ CONFIDENTIAL
HH 4^ / ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ X
V5^P^/
Forei gn and Commonweal th Offi ce
London S.W.I
j
21 December 1979
/
/
/
Rhodesia: Message to A f r i c a n P r e s i d e n t s
The F o r e i g n and Commonwealth S e c r e t a r y would l i k e to i n s t r u c t
our posts i n the Front L i n e S t a t e s , N i g e r i a and L i b e r i a ,
to convey an o r a l message on b e h a l f of the Prime M i n i s t e r and
h i m s e l f as soon as p o s s i b l e a f t e r the s i g n a t u r e of the
Rhodesian Agreements. I e n c l o s e a d r a f t telegram to the
posts concerned. As y o u ^ w i l l see, the o b j e c t of the
i n s t r u c t i o n s i s both to thank the P r e s i d e n t s of these
c o u n t r i e s f o r t h e i r h e l p d u r i n g the n e g o t i a t i o n s and to e n l i s t
t h e i r support i n e n s u r i n g that the P a t r i o t i c F r o n t comply with
the terms of the c e a s e f i r e .
Lord C a r r i n g t o n would a l s o l i k e to send p a r a l l e l i n s t r u c t i o n s
to HM Ambassador at P r e t o r i a . These are c o n t a i n e d i n the
sencond of the enclosed telegrams. As you may have seen from
P r e t o r i a t e l n o 1018 (copy enclosed) the Prime M i n i s t e r ' s r e f e r e n c e s
to South A f r i c a i n her speech i n New York have been very w e l l
r e c e i v e d by the South A f r i c a n Government and p r e s s . South
A f r i c a n M i n i s t e r s have r e c e n t l y been r e s t r a i n e d i n t h e i r
p u b l i c statements about Rhodesia; and we b e l i e v e they have made
h e l p f u l i n t e r v e n t i o n s with the S a l i s b u r y D e l e g a t i o n . We would
l i k e the South A f r i c a n s to c o n t i n u e to impress on the White
Rhodesians and Bishop Muzorewa that i t i s e s s e n t i a l to c a r r y through
the c e a s e f i r e and e l e c t o r a l procedures f a i r l y . A warm p e r s o n a l
message to the South A f r i c a n Prime M i n i s t e r and F o r e i g n M i n i s t e r
conveyed by Mr Leahy c o u l d encourage the South A f r i c a n s to co-
operate w i t h us over Rhodesia and Southern A f r i c a n g e n e r a l l y .
fl
LONDON
(R M J Lyne)
CONFIDENTIAL
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U R E P E A T E D F O R I N F O P R I O R I T Y S A L I S B U R Y
15 R E P E A T E D FO R I N F O P R I O R I T Y WA S H I N G T O N
1 6 [R E P E A T E D FO R I N F O P R I O R I T Y U K M I S N EW YO R K
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pers onal i ns t r uc t i o ns from - the Pri me Mi ni s t e r and mys el f .
* 2. You s houl d say that we are deepl y a ppr e c i a t i v e of
4 the s us tai ned and determi ned e f f o r t s made by the P r es i dents
5 of the Front L i ne S ta te s , and of Ni ge r i a , and by the
C hai rman of the OAU, i n s upport of a ne goti a te d s e t t l e -
' ment. As we have pu bl i c l y ac knowl edged, the s ettl ement
c oul d not have been ac hi eved wi thout f i r s t ^ the br eakthr ough
" made by the Commonwealth at Lusaka i n e s t a bl i s hi ng a bas i s
, u
f or ne go t i a t i o ns , and, s ubs equentl y the s trong bac ki ng
f or a peac ef ul s ettl ement gi ven by the governments concerned
1 4
dur i ng the L anc as ter House C onf erenc e.
'3 3 . Duri ng the C onferenc e we found i t p a r t i c u l a r l y he l pf ul
^ to have the advi c e of the pers onal r e pr e s e nta ti ve s sent
^ by the P r es i dents concerned to London.
4. You s houl d draw a t t e nt i o n to my c onc l udi ng s tatement
^' at the C onferenc e today frt-gx ti n M I-f T-4 and s houl d draw
l C
as f u l l y as pos s i bl e on the f o l l o wi ng poi nts ?
i 9
A. Wi th the s i gni ng today of the f i n a l C onferenc e
Report and of the c e a s e f i r e agreement, Rhodesi a
has been set f i r ml y on the path to l egal i ndependence
cn the bas i s of genui ne ma j o r i t y r ul e . The Governor
wi l l n o w set the date f or e l e c t i o ns . A l l p o l i t i c a l
pa r t i e s wi l l be f r ee to p u t t he i r po l i c i e s to the
peopl e who w i l l dec i de on the government whi ch wi l l
mW H i
l ead them t o i ndependenc e. Thi s i s the r e s ul t f or
w h i c h we have a l l s t r i v e n f o r s o l ong.
B. The f i r s t phase of t h e c e a s e f i r e comes i nto
e f f e c t a t mi dni ght toni ght wi th the c es s a ti on of a l l
c r o s s border movement. The moni tor i ng f or c e has
a I r e e d y begun t o depl oy t o R hodes i a. The c e a s e f i r e
H
i ns i de R h o d e s i a w i l l c o m e i nto e f f e c t at mi dni ght on
28 D e c e m b e r . The Rhodesi an f or c es w i l l di s engage
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2 and the proc es s of as s embl i ng the P a t r i o t i c F r o nt' s
3 f or c es wi l l take pl ac e over the next seven days .
4 C. We are sure the P r es i dents wi l l a ppr ec i a te
5 the v i t a l i mportanc e of f u l l c ompl i anc e wi th the
6 terms of the c e a s e f i r e agreement. Thi s wi l l engender
7 c onf i denc e i n the c ountr y, and between the p a r t i e s ,
8 that the agreement as a whol e wi l l be obs erved
9 and that e l e c t i o ns wi l l take pl ac e f r e e from
tO i n t i mi d a t i o n and v i o l e nc e . We know that we can
1 1 count on t he i r a s s i s ta nc e i n t h i s , i n p a r t i c u l a r
^ 2 i n hel pi ng to ensure the c ompl ete c es s ati on of a l l
1 3 c ros s border movement by any of the f or c es c onc erned.
14 D. I n s i gni ng the f i n a l C onferenc e Report a l l
1 5 pa r t i e s have undertaken to ac c ept the a ut ho r i t y of
16 the G overnor, to abi de by the I ndependence C o n s t i t u t i o n ,
to campai gn pe a c e f ul l y and wi thout i n t i mi d a t i o n ,
1 o to renounce the use of f or c e f or p o l i t i c a l ends and
to ac c ept the outcome of the e l e c t i o ns and
i ns t r uc t any f or c es under t he i r a ut ho r i t y to do the
same. These are bi ndi ng commi tments and we s ha l l
be l ooki ng to a l l pa r t i e s to obs erve them s c r upul o us l y.
2 3 We have undertaken to s e e , tha t the e l e c t i o ns wi l l
24 be f a i r . We can onl y do so i f the pa r t i e s thems el ves
2 5 honour the o bl i ga t i o ns whi ch they have ac c epted.
2 E. One of the G over nor ' s mai n tas ks i n the next few weeks
2' wi l l be to begi n i mmedi atel y the proc es s of nor ma l i s i ng
5
R hodes i a' s r e l a t i o ns wi th her nei ghbour s . There are
T O
many probl ems to be s ol ve d, not l eas t that of the
r ef ugees , and these wi l l take ti me. But we l ook
f o r wa r d t o c o - ope r a ti ng wi th the governments c onc erned
over t h i s and i n other f i e l d s .
F. There a r e bound to be d i f f i c u l t i e s ahead but
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3 these can be overcome.
4 5. I f you are not abl e to put these poi nts ac ros s o r a l l y
5 today or tomorrow, you have di s c r e t i o n to convey a s ui t a bl e
6 message i n wr i t i n g , whi ch i de a l l y woul d be f ol l owe d by a
7 f u l l or a l pr e s e nta ti o n when you have an o ppo r t uni t y .
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.A. FM FCO 210940Z DECEMBER 79 j
P R E / A D D _ 7_ I MMEDI ATE PRETORI A -
l l E L NO [8_ TELEGRAM NO I
9
REPEATED FOR I NFO SAL I SBURY f
1 0
My r e l n o t o Maput o : RHODESI A f
; 1
1. I know t h a t mos t So ut h A f r i c a n Mi n i s t e r s a r e now on h o l i d a y '
12 and w i l l be d i f f i c u l t t o t r a c k down. Ne v e r t h e l e s s I hope y ou I
3 j w i l l be a b l e t o c onv ey t o PW Bo t h a and P i k Bo t ha o ur t h a n k s
'4 t o t hem f o r t h e i r h e l p o v e r Rh o d e s i a . I t h i n k t h i s wo ul d b e s t *
15 be done o r a l l y : but y ou s h o u l d s a y t h a t y ou hav e been j
16 s p e c i f i c a l l y r e q u e s t e d by t h e P r i me Mi n i s t e r and me t o e x p r e s s
| our a p p r e c i a t i o n . ^
2. As P i k Bo t h a n o t e d i n h i s s t a t e me n t on 19 Dec ember ( y o u r
t e l n o 1 0 1 8 ) , t h e P r i me Mi n i s t e r has t h i s week p u b l i c l y wel c omed
2 " e n c o u r a g i n g d e v e l o p me n t s i n So ut h A f r i c a . We i n t u r n hope -
21 t h a t t he So u t h A f r i c a n s w i l l be e n c o u r a g e d by t h e a c h i e v e me n t s
1 1 1 / <L>
of t he L a n c a s t e r Hous e Co n f e r e n c e . We o f c o u r s e hav e no i l l u s i o n s
' ' 23 a bo ut t he d i f f i c u l t i e s wh i c h l i e a h e a d , and a r e f u l l y p r e p a r e d
24 t o t a k e f i r m a c t i o n t o meet t hem. Howev er , by s t i c k i n g -
I ,., |.|| , I., || | I . I I .11 I !
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2 3 3 4 6 4 1 P S / L P S
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2 to the end to the d i f f i c u l t and of ten thankl es s tas k of
3 pur s ui ng a ne goti a te d s e ttl e me nt, we have brought about the e a r l y
4 l i f t i n g of s anc ti ons by Western nati ons (ohoptlyt- e bo endors ee^
5 w-eh--p-e-7a-fct-h-efcWO and have a t t r a c t e d a wi de degree of
6 s upport to those i n Rhodesi a who s tand by t he i r commi tments
7 under the s e ttl e me nt. Ne go t i a t i o n, as opposed to c o n f r o n t a t i o n ,
8 has been demons trated to pr ovi de a pos s i bl e way f or war d i n
9 S outhern A f r i c a . The s harp^poI a r i s a t i o n caused by the Rhodesi an
1 0 di s pute has ended. Any attempts to r evi ve the war wi l l be most
11 unwel come to the Front L i ne S ta te s , and wi l l r ec ei ve l i t t l e
1 2 s upport i n t e r n a t i o n a l l y so l ong as we, and a l l of thos e i n
13 Rhodesi a who accept the G overnor' s a u t h o r i t y , abi de
14 s c r upul ous l y by our unde r ta ki ngs .
1 5 3 . I n s pe l l i ng out thes e unde r ta ki ngs , you s houl d draw as
1 6 nec es s ary on my two I PT s .
17 4. You s houl d say that i t i s our s tr ong hope that the South
Af r i c a ns wi l l c onti nue to s upport us i n s eei ng the s e ttl e me nt
i
' 9 through i n the best pos s i bl e order to i ndependenc e. From
the outs et we rec ogni s ed the s trong case of the i nt e r na l
p a r t i e s , f o l l o wi ng the A pr i l e l e c t i o n i n R hodes i a: and
mm
2 2 | we c e r t a i nl y do not c ons i der that the s ettl ement has put them
2 3 at a di s advantage. However we know that they have f e l t
2H j thems el ves to be under c ons i der abl e pr e s s ur e , and are gr a t e f ul
I f or what the South Af r i c a ns have done and can c onti nue to do
26, to r e i nf o r c e them i n the vi ew - whi ch we hol d s t r o ngl y - that
2' the pres ent course i s not onl y i n R hodes i a' s bes t i nt e r e s t s
\ but i ndeed r epr es ents the onl y s ens i bl e way f or wa r d.
- "; 5. C oul d you al s o make the poi nt that we f eel tha t the much
be tte r under s tandi ng devel oped between our two governments
1 1
' over the past few months - due i n l arge measure to the per s onal
1
* I e f f o r t s c f PW Botha and Pi k Botha - wi l l s tand us i n good s tead
'I i n t a c kl i ng other probl ems i n the years ahead.
!-

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I B
L
I
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3
4
5
6
8
9
6 . F i n a l l y ,
C hri s tmas and
pl eas e pass
New Year.
on our best wi shes f or a peac ef ul
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I N f l N N ends C a t c h w o rd H
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From the Private
Secretary 21 December 1979
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MESSAGE FROM THE PRIME MINISTER OF F I J I
I agree t h a t , as proposed i n your l e t t e r
to me of 21 December, the High Commissioner
at Suva s h o u l d thank S i r Ratu Mara on the
Prime M i n i s t e r ' s b e h a l f f o r h i s message.
M
- B , A L E XWD E R
*vt- r__

'.

I

I

R.M.J. Lyne, Esq.,
F o r e i g n and Commonwealth O f f i c e . '
________ _______
I
I PART e n d s:- I
I Fwi t- o Fes 2,1 - - I
1 9 7
"
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PART - b e g in s:- I
I hm>A\ -o F tCD2 . 1 1 2:2)
I I
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J I L

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Catalogue Reference:PREM/19/342 Image Reference:0001

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C O N FID EN TIAL 10 DOWNING ST I

I am w r i t i n g on the Prime M i n i s t e r ' s

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