I-HYRJE

1


ANALIZA MATEMATIKE I
I. HYRJE Pjesa 1

1. Shprehjet racionale algjebrike

Prkufizimi 1. Shprehja
1
1 1 0
( ) ... ,
n n
n n
p x a x a x a x a

= + + + +
ku
0 1
, ,...,
n
a a a jan numra real, x numr real, quhet polinom (real).
Prkufizimi 2. Nse 0,
n
a numri n quhet shkall e polinomit ( ). p x Simbolikisht shnohet
deg ( ) . p x n =
N kt rast themi se polinomi p sht i shkalls s n t sipas x it.
Prkufizimi 3. Le t jen dhn polinomet
1
1 1 0
( ) ...
n n
n n
p x a x a x a x a

= + + + +
1
1 1 0
( ) ... .
n n
n n
q x b x b x b x b

= + + + +
Polinomet ( ) p x dhe ( ) q x jan identikisht t barabart ather dhe vetm ather kur
1 1 1 1 0 0
, ,..., , .
n n n n
a b a b a b a b

= = = =
Pohimi Bezu. Gjat pjestimit t polinomit ( ) p x me , x a const, a = mbetja sht e barabart me
( ). p a Nse mbetja ( ) 0, p a = ather polinomi ( ) p x plotpjestohet me . x a

Detyra 1. sht dhn polinomi
3 2
( ) 2 5 6. p x ax ax ax =
a) T caktohet parametri a ashtu q polinomi ( ) p x t plotpjestohet me 1, x dhe t
caktohet hersi n kt rast.
b) T caktohet parametri a ashtu q gjat pjestimit t polinomit ( ) p x me ( 1) x t
merret mbetja -10.
Zgjidhja.
a)
3 2 2
(2 5 6) : ( 1) 2 3 4 ax ax ax x ax ax a =

3 2
2
2
2 2
3 6
3 3
4 6
4 4
6 4
ax ax
ax ax
ax ax
ax
ax a
a

m
m
m

Pra ( ) 6 4 . r x a =
Duhet q mbetja t jet zero, pra
3
6 4 0
2
a a = = . Pr kt vler t a s merret hersi
2 2
3 3 3
2 3 4 2 3 4
2 2 2
ax ax a x x

=


2
9
3 6.
2
x x = + +
b) sht e qart se mbetja sht 6 4 . a Kushti sht q mbetja t jet 10.
Pra 6 4 10 4 10 6 1. a a a = = + =
ANALIZA MATEMATIKE I

2
T thjeshtohen shprehjet racionale:
Detyra 2. a)
2
2 1 3 (2 )
;
3 1 2 3
x x x x
x x x x

+ +
+
b)
2
2 1 1 2 1
.
4 3 12
x x
x x x x
+
+ +
+

Zgjidhja.
a)
2
2 1 3 (2 ) 2 1 3 (2 )
3 1 2 3 3 1 ( 1)( 3)
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x

+ + = + +
+ + +
( 1) (2 1)( 3) 3 (2 )
( 1)( 3)
x x x x x x
x x
+ + +
=
+


2 2 2 2
2 6 3 3 (2 ) 3 6 3 6 3
( 1)( 3) ( 1)( 3)
x x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x
+ + + + + +
= =
+ +
3
.
( 1)( 3) x x
=
+

b)
2
2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1
4 3 12 4 3 ( 4)( 3)
x x x x
x x x x x x x x
+ +
+ + = + +
+ + +

(2 1)( 3) ( 4)(1 2 ) 1
( 4)( 3)
x x x x
x x
+ + + +
=
+

2 2
2 6 3 2 4 8 1
( 4)( 3)
x x x x x x
x x
+ + + + + +
=
+
16
.
( 4)( 3)
x
x x
=
+

Detyra 3. a)
2 2
2 3
2 3 1 3
: .
1 1 1
x x x
x x x x
+
+

+ +


Zgjidhja.
2 2 2 2
2 3 2 2
2 3 1 3 2 3 1 3
: :
1 1 1 1 1 ( 1)( 1)
x x x x x x
x x x x x x x x x x
+ +
+ = +

+ + + + + +



2 2 2
2 2
2 3( 1) 1 3
:
1 ( 1)( 1)
x x x x x
x x x x x
+ + + +
=

+ + + +

2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 ( 1)( 1) ( 2)( 1)
1 3 3 3 1 3 2 4
x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
+ + + +
= =
+ + + + + +


2
2
( 2)( 1) 1
.
2( 2) 2
x x x
x
+
= =
+

Detyra 4. a)
2
2 2
| | 1 | |
;
1 2 | | 1
x x x
x x x
+ +

+ +
b)
3
3
| 1| | 1|
.
x x
x x
+ +
+

Zgjidhja.
a) Duke u mbshtetur n prkufizimin e vlers absolute
, 0
| | 0, 0
, 0
x x
x x
x x
>

= =

<

merren rastet: 1) 0; x 2) 0. x <
1) Nse 0 x ather | | . x x = Kemi:
2 2
2 2 2
| | 1 | | 1
1 2 | | 1 ( 1)( 1) 2 1
x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
+ + + +
= +
+ + + + +
2
1 ( 1) 1 1 ( 1)
1 ( 1) 1 1 ( 1)( 1)
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
+ + +
= + = + =
+ + +


2 2
2
1 1
.
( 1)( 1) 1
x x x x
x x x
+ + +
= =
+

2) Nse 0, | | , x x x < = merret:
2 2
2 2 2
| | 1 | | 1
1 2 | | 1 ( 1)( 1) 2 1
x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
+ + +
=
+ + + +
2
( 1) ( 1) 1 ( 1) ( 1)
( 1)( 1) ( 1) 1 1 ( 1)( 1)
x x x x x x x
x x x x x x x
+
= = =
+ + +


2 2
2 2
1 1 2
.
1 1
x x x x x
x x
+
= =


b) Shprehjen e dhn e transformojm si vijon:
3 2
3 2
| 1| | 1| | ( 1)( 1) | | 1|
( 1)
x x x x x x
x x x x
+ + + + +
=
+ +
2 2
2 2
| 1|| 1| | 1| | 1| ( 1) | 1|
.
( 1) ( 1)
x x x x x x x x
x x x x
+ + + + + +
= =
+ +

I-HYRJE

3
Gjat transformimit zbatuam vetin e vlers absolute | | | || | ab a b = si dhe faktin q
2
1 0 x x + > . Pra
2 2
| 1| 1. x x x x + = +
Shnim.
2
1 0 x x + > sepse
2 2 2
2 2
1 1 1 1 3
1 2 1 0.
2 2 2 2 4
x x x x x

+ = + + + = + >



N vijim detyrn e shqyrtojm n intervalet: 1) ( , 1]; x 2) ( 1,1]; x 3) (1, ). x +
1) Nse ( , 1], x ather 1 0 | 1| ( 1), 1 0 | 1| ( 1). x x x x x x + + = + < = Merret:
2 3
2 2
( 1)( 1) ( ( 1)) ( 1) 1
( 1) ( 1)
x x x x x x
x x x x
+ + + + +
=
+ +
3 3
2 2
1 1 ( )
1.
( 1) ( 1)
x x x x
x x x x
+ +
= = =
+ +

2) Nse ( 1,1], x ather 1 0 | 1| 1; x x x + > + = + 1 0 | 1| ( 1) 1 1 . x x x x x = = + =
Merret
2 3 3
2 2 2
( 1)( 1) 1 1 1 2
.
( 1) ( 1) ( 1)
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
+ + + + + +
= =
+ + +

3) Nse (1, ) x + ather 1 0 | 1| 1, x x x + > + = + 1 0 | 1| 1. x x x > =
Merret
2 3
2 2
( 1)( 1) 1 1 1
1.
( 1) ( 1)
x x x x x x
x x x x
+ + + + +
= =
+ +

Prfundimisht mund t shkruajm
3 2
3 2
1, nse ( , 1]
| 1| | 1| 2
nse ( 1,1]
( 1)
1, nse (1, ]
x
x x x x
x
x x x x
x

+ + +
=

+ +

.
Funksionet e dhna racionale, t shprehen si shum e funksioneve elementare racionale
Detyra 5.
( 2)( 3)
x
x x +
.
Zgjidhja.
Shprehjen e dhn e shnojm si vijon:
( 2)( 3) 2 3
x A B
x x x x
= +
+ +

Merret
( 3) ( 2) x A x B x = + +
3 2 x Ax A Bx B = + +
( ) ( 3 2 ) x A B x A B = + + +
Merret sistemi
1
3 2 0
A B
A B
+ =

+ =

me zgjidhjen e t cilit merret

2 3
, .
5 5
A B = =
Prfundojm se
2 3
2 3
5 5
.
( 2)( 3) 2 3 5( 2) 5( 3)
x
x x x x x x
= + = +
+ + +

Detyra 6.
2
2
2
( 1) ( 2)
x
x x
+
+
.
Zgjidhja.
Shprehjen e dhn e shnojm si vijon:

2
2 2
2
( 1) ( 2) 1 ( 1) 2
x A B C
x x x x x
+
= + +
+ + +

Merret

2 2
2 ( 1)( 2) ( 2) ( 1) x A x x B x C x + = + + + +
ANALIZA MATEMATIKE I

4

2 2 2
2 ( 2 2) 2 ( 2 1) x A x x x Bx B C x x + = + + + + +

2 2 2
2 2 2 2 x Ax Ax A Bx B Cx Cx C + = + + + +

2 2
2 ( ) ( 2 ) ( 2 2 ) x A C x A B C x A B C + = + + + + + +
Kemi sistemin
1
2 0
2 2 2
A C
A B C
A B C
+ =

+ + =

+ =

me zgjidhjen e t cilit merret

1 2
, 1, .
3 3
A B C = = =
Prfundojm se
2
2 2
1 2
2 1
3 3
( 1) ( 2) 1 ( 1) 2
x
x x x x x
+
= + +
+ + + +
2
1 1 2
.
3( 1) ( 1) 3( 2) x x x
= +
+ +


2. Fuqizimi dhe rrnjzimi

Detyra 6. T vrtetohet se shprehja
2
2
6 1
2
4 2
x x x
x x
a a a
a a





nuk varet nga a, x.
Zgjidhja.
2
2
2
2
1 1 1
6 1
6 1
2 2
1 1
4 2
4 2
x x x
x x x
x x
x x
a a a
a a a
a a
a a




=


2
2
2
2
1 6 1
2
1 4 2 1
x x x
x x
x x
x x
a a a
a a
a a
a a

=


2
2
1 3 2 6 1
2
1 (2 ) 2 1
x x x x
x x
a a a a
a a
+
=

(1 3 ) 2 (1 3 ) 1
2
(1 2 )(1 2 ) 1 2
x x x x
x x x
a a a a
a a a
+
= +
+

(1 3 )(1 2 ) 1 1 3 1
2 2
(1 2 )(1 2 ) 1 2 1 2 1 2
x x x x x
x x x x x
a a a a a
a a a a a
+
= + = +
+
1 3 1 2(1 2 )
2 2 0.
1 2 1 2
x x x
x x
a a a
a a
+
= = =


Detyra 7. Njehsoni
12 7 4 1
.
5 1 5 2 3 5 11 5 14

+ +

+ +


Zgjidhja.
12 7 4 1
5 1 5 2 3 5 11 5 14

+ +

+ +
12 5 1 7 5 2 4 3 5 1
5 1 5 1 5 2 5 2 3 5 3 5 11 5 14

+ +
= + +


+ + + +



12 5 12 7 5 14 12 4 5 1
5 1 5 4 9 5 11 5 14

+ +
= + +


+

12( 5 1) 1
7 5 14 (3 5)
4 11 5 14

= + + + +


+



1
(3 5 3 7 5 14 3 5)
11 5 14
= + + + +
+
1
(11 5 14) 1.
11 5 14
= + =
+

Detyra 8. Tregoni se
1 1
( ) , , 0.
a b a b
a a b a b
a b a ab a ab a b

+
+ = >


+ + +


Zgjidhja.
1
( )
a b a b
a a b
a b a ab a ab

+
+


+ +

1
( )
( )( )
a b a a a b a b b a
a a b
a b a ab a ab

+ + +
=


+ +


2
1 ( )
( )
a b a a b
a a b
a ab a b
+ +
=
+
1 ( )
( )
( )
a b a a b
a a b
a a b a b
+ +
=
+

1 ( )( ) 1 1
.
( )( )
a b a b a b a b a b
a b a b a b a b a b
+ + +
= = =
+ + + +


I-HYRJE

5
Detyra 9. Nse
1 1
(1 2) ; (1 2) a b

= + = t njehsohet vlera e shprehjes
2 2
( 1) ( 1) . a b

+ + +
Zgjidhja.
2 2 1 2 1 2
( 1) ( 1) ((1 2) 1) ((1 2) 1) a b

+ + + = + + + +

2 2
2 2
1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2
1 1
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2



+ + +
= + + + = +



+ +

2 2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2


+
= +


+



2 2
1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2

+
= +


+

1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2
4 4 2 2 4 4 2 2 6 4 2 6 4 2
+ + + +
= + = +
+ + + +


3 2 2 3 2 2 1 1
1.
2 2 2(3 2 2) 2(3 2 2)
+
= + = + =
+

3. Barazimet dhe mosbarazimet

Detyra 10. a)
2
1 5 1
;
2 ( 2) 2 4 2
x x
x x x x x

=
+
b)
2 2
1 1 2
;
3 3 1 (9 1)
x
x x x x x
+
=
+

c)
2 2 2
1 2 3
0;
9 6 9 5 6 y y y y y
+ =
+ + +
d)
2 3 2 2
4 1 6
.
1 6 12 8 1 4 2 8 8
x
x x x x x x
= +
+ + + + +


Zgjidhja.
a)
2
1 5 1
2 ( 2) 2 4 2
x x
x x x x x

=
+
1 5 1
2 ( 2) 2 (2 ) 2
x x
x x x x x

=
+
1 5 1
0
2 ( 2) 2 ( 2) 2
x x
x x x x x

=
+


(1 )( 2) (5 )( 2) 2 ( 2)
0
2 ( 2)( 2)
x x x x x x
x x x
+ +
=
+
2
(1 (5 ))( 2) 2 4
0
2 ( 2)( 2)
x x x x x
x x x
+ +
=
+


2
(1 5 )( 2) 2 4
0
2 ( 2)( 2)
x x x x x
x x x
+ + +
=
+
2
4 8 2 4
0
2 ( 2)( 2)
x x x
x x x
+
=
+


2
2 8
0| 2 ( 2)( 2), 0, 2, 2
2 ( 2)( 2)
x
x x x x x x
x x x

= +
+
2
2 8 0|: ( 2) x =

2
4 0. x + =
Por
2
4 0 x + > d.m.th. barazimi nuk ka zgjidhje.
b)
2 2
1 1 2
3 3 1 (9 1)
x
x x x x x
+
=
+
1 1 2 1
(3 1)(3 1), 0,
(3 1) 3 1 (3 1)(3 1) 3
x
x x x x x
x x x x x x
+
= +
+ +

( 1)(3 1) (3 1) 2 x x x x + + =
2 2
1
3 3 1 3 2 5 1 .
5
x x x x x x x + + + + = = =
c)
2 2 2
1 2 3
0
9 6 9 5 6 y y y y y
+ =
+ + +

2
2
1 2 3
0| ( 3) ( 3)( 2), 3, 2
( 3)( 3) ( 3) ( 2)( 3)
y y y y y
y y y y y
+ = + +
+ + +

2
( 3)( 2) 2( 2)( 3) 3( 3) 0 y y y y y + + + + =
2 2 2
3 2 6 2( 5 6) 3( 6 9) 0 y y y y y y y + + + + + =

2 2 2
6 2 10 12 3 18 27 0 y y y y y y + + + + =
7
27 21 0 9 7 0 .
9
y y y = = =
d)
2 3 2 2
4 1 6
1 6 12 8 1 4 2 8 8
x
x x x x x x
= +
+ + + + +
3
3 2
4 1 6
2(1 2 )(1 2 )
(1 2 ) (1 2 )(1 2 ) 2(1 2 )
x
x x
x x x x
= + +
+ + +


2
4 2(1 2 ) 2(1 2 ) 6(1 2 )(1 2 ) x x x x x = + + +
2 2
8 (1 2 ) 2(1 4 4 ) 6(1 4 ) x x x x x = + + +
ANALIZA MATEMATIKE I

6

2 2 2
8 16 2 8 8 6 24 x x x x x = + + + 0 8. =
Meq kemi arritur n nj barazi t pasakt prfundojm se barazimi i dhn nuk ka zgjidhje.
Detyra 11. T zgjidhen mosbarazimet:
a)
2
1
0;
1
x
x

<
+
b)
2
( 1)
0;
1
x
x

>
+
c)
2
( 2)
0;
3
x
x

+

d)
| 2 |
0;
1
x
x

<
+
e)
| 1|
1;
1
x
x

<

f)
3
3.
3
x
x
<
+

Zgjidhja.
a) Meq shprehja
2
1 0 x + > pr do x R ather q thyesa t jet negative n baz t ekuivalencs
4) duhet q 1 0 1. x x < <
b) Meq
2
( 1) 0, x x R dhe meq thyesa sht pozitive, ather numruesi nuk mund t jet zero,
d.m.th. 1 0, x pra 1. x Nn kt kusht emrues duhet t jet pozitiv, pra duhet q
1 0 1. x x + > >
Pra ( 1, ) \ {1}, x + q mund t shnohet ( 1,1) (1, ). x +



Figura 1

Pika 1 x = nuk sht zgjidhje e mosbarazimit.
c) Meq
2
( 2) 0, x pr do x R dhe meq thyesa sht negative ose zero duhet q
3 0 3. x x + < < Pra ( , 3). x Meq edhe 2 x = e plotson mosbarazimin prfundojm se
( , 3) {2}. x
d) Meq | 2 | 0, x pr do , x R s pari duhet q 2. x Po ashtu 1 0 1. x x + < < Pra, ( , 1). x
e) Pr 1 1 0 | 1| 1, x x x x > > = ather mosbarazimi shndrrohet n trajtn

1
1 1 1,
1
x
x

< <

q nuk sht e sakt.

Pr 1 1 0 | 1| ( 1). x x x x < < = Mosbarazimi shndrrohet n trajtn

( 1)
1 1 1,
1
x
x

< <

q paraqet pohim t sakt.

D.m.th. do ( ,1) x sht zgjidhje e mosbarazimit.
f)
3 3 3 3 9 9
3 3 0 0 0.
3 3 3 3
x x x x
x x x x

< < < <
+ + + +

Meq numruesi sht negativ, ather q thyesa t jet negative duhet q 3 0 3. x x + > >
Detyra 12. T zgjidhen mosbarazimet e dyfishta:
a)
1
1 4;
3
x
x

< <

b)
1
2 2;
2 3
x
x
+
< <

c)
1
0 3.
4
x
x

Zgjidhja.
a) Kemi mosbarazimet:

1 1 1 3
1 1 0 0
3 3 3
~ ~
1 1 1 4 12
4 4 0 0
3 3 3
x x x x
x x x
x x x x
x x x
+
> > >



+

< < <

2
0 (1)
3
3 11
0 (2)
3
x
x
x

>

<

Zgjidhja e mosbarazimit (1) sht 3 0 3. x x > >
Mosbarazimi (2) sht ekuivalent me mosbarazimet:
-1 1 +
x

I-HYRJE

7
( 3 11 0 3) ( 3 11 0 3 0) x x x x + > < + < > (3 11 3) (3 11 3) x x x x < < > >

11 11
3 3
3 3
x x x x

< < > >



11
3 .
3
x x < > Pra
11
( ,3) , .
3
x

+



N nj grafik t prbashkt paraqesim bashksit e zgjidhjeve t mosbarazimeve (1) dhe (2).





Figura 1

Nga figura vrejm se
11
,
3
x

+


(Zgjidhja paraqet prerjen e bashksive t zgjidhjeve t
mosbarazimeve (1), (2)).
b) Kemi mosbarazimet:

1 1 1 4 6
2 2 0 0
2 3 2 3 2 3
~ ~
1 1 1 4 6
2 2 0 0
2 3 2 3 2 3
x x x x
x x x
x x x x
x x x
+ + + +
> + > >



+ + + +

< < <


5 5 1
(1)
0|: 5 0
2 3 2 3
~ ~
7 3 3 7
0 0 (2)
2 3 2 3
x x
x x
x x
x x

> >



+

< <



Pasi t zgjidhet mosbarazimi (1) merret
3
( ,1) , .
2
x

+



Pasi t zgjidhet mosbarazimi (2) merret
3 7
, , .
2 3
x

+



Bashksit e zgjidhjeve i paraqesim n nj grafik t prbashkt, dhe caktojm prerjen e tyre, q
paraqet bashksin e zgjidhjeve. Merret:







Figura 2
Prfundojm se ( )
7
,1 , .
3
x

+



c) Udhzim. Mosbarazimi sht ekuivalent me mosbarazimet
1
0
4
4 13
0
4
x
x
x
x

Zgjidhja e mosbarazimit sht
13
1, .
4
x

Detyra 13.
2 2
5 4 5
.
2 1 2 1 1
x x
x x x x

=
+

Zgjidhja.
Edhe ktu barazimi sht i mundur nse
2 2
2 1 0 2 1 0 1 0 x x x x +
Nga
2
2 1 0 x x = merret
1/ 2
1 1 4 2( 1) 1 1 8 1 9
2 2 4 4
x
+
= = =

3
11
3
+
x
11
,
3
x

+





7
( ,1) ,
3
x

+


7
3

1 3
+
x

ANALIZA MATEMATIKE I

8
D.m.th.
1/ 2 1 2
1 3 1
1
4 2
x x x

Nga
2
2 1 0 1 0 x x + merret
2
3 4 / 5
1
, 1 0 1.
2
x x x
Bashksia e zgjidhjeve t barazimit t dhn krkohet n
1
\ 1, ,1
2
R




.
Meq
2 2
1 1
2 1 2 2( 1)
2 2 2
x
x x x x x

= = +


merret
2 2
5 4 5
2 1 2 1 1
x x
x x x x

=
+
5 4 5
1 1 ( 1)( 1)
2( 1) 2
2 2
x x
x x
x x x

=
+
+ +




5 4 5
( 1)( 1)(2 1)
( 1)(2 1) 2 1 ( 1)( 1)
x x
x x x
x x x x x

= + +
+ + +
( 1) 5( 1)( 1) (4 5)(2 1) x x x x x x + + = +

2 2 2
5( 1) 8 4 10 5 x x x x x x + = +
2 2 2
5 5 8 6 5 x x x x x + + =
2
12 7 10 0 x x + + =

2
1/ 2
7 7 4 ( 12)10 7 49 480
2( 12) 24
x
+
= =


1/ 2 1
7 529 7 23 7 23 16 2
24 24 24 24 3
x x
+
= = = = =

2
30 5
.
24 4
x

= =

Detyra 14.
2
| 3| | 3| 4.5| | 6 x x x x + + + = + .
Zgjidhja.
S pari shikojm se si zbrthehen vlerat absolute:

3, 3 0, 3
| 3|
( 3), 3
x x x
x
x x
+ +
+ =

+ <

;
3, 3
| 3|
( 3), 3
x x
x
x x

=

<

;
, 0
| |
, 0
x x
x
x x

=

<

.
N kt rast bashksia e numrave real R ndahet n kto intervale:
( , 3) ( 3, 0) (0, 3) (3, ) x +
I) Pr ( , 3) | 3| ( 3), | 3| ( 3) x x x x x + = + = dhe | | x x = barazimi ka trajtn:
2
( 3) ( 3) 4.5( ) 6 x x x x + = +
2 2
45 9
3 3 ( ) 6 2 6 | 2
10 2
x x x x x x x + = + = +

2 2
2 4 9 12 2 4 9 12 0 x x x x x x = + + =
2
1/ 2
5 25 4 2 12
2 5 12 0
2 2
x x x
+
+ = =

1/ 2
5 25 96 5 121 5 11
4 4 4
x
+
= = =
1 2
5 11 6 3 5 11 16
, 4.
4 4 2 4 4
x x
+
= = = = = =
Meq
1
3
( , 3)
2
x = mbetet se zgjidhja e vetme n kt rast sht
2
4. x =
II) Pr ( 3, 0) x merret: | 3| ( 3), | 3| ( 3) x x x x + = + = , | | x x = .
2
9
3 ( 3) ( ) 6
2
x x x x + + = +
2
9
3 3 6 | 2
2
x x x x + + + = +
2 2
2( 6) 9 12 2 12 9 12 0 x x x x + = + + + =

2
1
2 9 0 (2 9) 0 0 2 9 0 x x x x x x + = + = = + =
1 2
9
0 .
2
x x = =
Pasi
1
0 ( 3, 0], x =
2
9
( 3, 0]
2
x = prfundojm se
1
x sht zgjidhje e barazimit.
III) Pr (0, 3) x merret: | 3| 3, | 3| ( 3), | | x x x x x x + = + = =
2
9
3 ( 3) 6
2
x x x x + + = +
2 2
9 9
3 3 6 6 6 | 2
2 2
x x x x x x + + + = + + = +
I-HYRJE

9

2
1 2
9
2 9 0 (2 9) 0 0 .
2
x x x x x x = = = =
Edhe ktu
1
0 [0, 3) x = , d.m.th. se
1
x sht zgjidhje e barazimit.
IV) Nse (3, ), x + ather kemi: | 3| 3, | 3| 3, | | . x x x x x x + = + = =

2
9
3 3 6
2
x x x x + + + = +
2
9
2 6 | 2
2
x x x + = +
2
2 4 9 12 x x x + = +
2
2 5 12 0 x x =

1/ 2
5 25 4 2 12
2 2
x
+
=

,
1/ 2
5 25 96 5 121 5 11
4 4 4
x
+
= = = ,
1 2
5 11 5 11 6 3
4,
4 4 4 2
x x
+
= = = = =
Meq
1
4 (3, ) x = + prfundojm se
1
x paraqet zgjidhje t barazimit kurse
2
x nuk sht zgjidhje e
barazimit.
Zgjidhjet e barazimit t fillimit jan ( ) { 4, 0, 4}. B E =
Detyra 15. T caktohet natyra e zgjidhjeve t barazimeve, n varsi t parametrit m.
2
( 2) ( 1) 1 0 m x m x m + + + = .
Zgjidhja.
a)
2
( 2) ( 1) 1 0 m x m x m + + + = . N kt rast 2, ( 1), 1 a m b m c m = = + = + .
Varsisht nga dallori
2
4 D b ac = dallojm kto raste:
I) Nse 0 D = barazimi ka zgjidhje reale t dyfisht.
2 2
4 ( ( 1)) 4( 2)( 1) 0 D b ac m m m = = + + =
2 2
2 1 4( 2) 0 m m m m + + =

2 2
2 1 4 4 8 0 m m m m + + + + =
2
3 6 9 0 m m + + =
2
3( 2 3) 0 m m = .

1/ 2
2 4 12 2 16 2 4
2 2 2
m
+
= = = ,
1 2
2 4 2 4 2
3, 1.
2 2 2
m m
+
= = = = =
II) Nse 0, D > barazimi ka dy zgjidhje reale t ndryshme mes veti, kjo d.m.th. pr

2
3 6 9 0 m m + + >
2
3( 2 3) 0 m m < 3( 3)( 1) 0 m m + <
m - -1 -3 +
1 m+ - + +
3 m - - +
( 3)( 1) m m + + - +
d.m.th. pr ( 1, 3) m barazimi ka rrnj t ndryshme reale.
III) Nse 0, D < barazimi ka rrnj komplekse t konjuguara.
d.m.th. pr
2
3 6 9 0 m m + + <
2 2
3( 2 3) 0 2 3 0 m m m m < > .
Nga tabela vrejm se mosbarazimi vlen pr ( , 1) (3, ) m + .
Detyra 16. Caktoni vlerat e parametrit m ashtu q t plotsohet relacioni
2
2
2 4
6 4
1
x mx
x x
+
< <
+
, . x R
Zgjidhja.
Nga kto relacione marrim se
ANALIZA MATEMATIKE I

10

2
2
2
2
2 4
4 0
1
2 4
6 0
1
x mx
x x
x mx
x x
+
<

+ >

+
2 2
2
2 2
2
2 4 4( 1)
0
1
2 4 6( 1)
0
1
x mx x x
x x
x mx x x
x x
+ +
<

+ + +

>

+
2
2 2
2
2
2
2 ( 4) 8
0
1 1 1
2 1
2 2 2
8 ( 6) 2
0
1 3
2 4
x m x
x x
x m x
x
+ +
<

+ +

+ +

>

+




2
2
2
2
2 ( 4) 8
0
1 3
2 4
8 ( 6) 2
0
1 3
2 4
x m x
x
x m x
x
+ +
<

+ +

>

+



Mosbarazimet e fundit vlejn kur
2
2 ( 4) 8 0 x m x + + < dhe
2
8 ( 6) 2 0 x m x + + >
(sepse
2
1 3
0,
2 4
x x R

+ >


).
Zgjidhim n vijim vemas t dy jobarazimet:

2
2 ( 4) 8 0 x m x + + <
Kjo sht e mundur ather dhe vetm ather nse
2
4 0 D b ac = < , d.m.th
2
( 4) 4( 2)( 8) 0 m+ <
2 2
8 16 64 0 8 48 0 m m m m + + < + < ( 4)( 12) 0 m m + <
m - -12 4 +
12 m+ - + +
4 m - - +
( 4)( 12) m m + + - +
Pra ( 12, 4) m (1)
Ndrsa nga relacioni i dyt kemi:
2 2
8 ( 6) 2 0 0 ( 6) 4 8 2 0 x m x D m + + > < <
2 2
12 36 64 0 12 28 0 m m m m + < <
( 14)( 2) 0 m m + <
m - -2 14 +
2 m+ - + +
14 m - - +
( 2)( 14) m m + + - +
Pra ( 2,14) m (2)
Nga (1) dhe (2) merret prerja e tyre si zgjidhje finale dhe ajo sht ( 2, 4) m .
Detyra 17. T zgjidhet barazimi bikuadratik
2
2
5 3
4 0
5
x x x
x x x
+
+ + =
+

Zgjidhja.
2
2
5
3 4 0
5
x x x
x x x
+
+ + =
+

2
2
5 1
3 4 0.
5
x x
x x x
x
+
+ + =
+

Zvendsojm
2
5 x x
t
x
+
= . Merret
I-HYRJE

11
2
3
4 0 | 3 4 0 t t t t
t
+ + = + + =
1/ 2
4 16 4 1 3 4 16 12 4 2
2 2 2
t

= = =
1 2
4 2
1, 3.
2
t t
+
= = =
Pra
2
2
2 2
5
1
5
~
5 5 3
3
x x
x x x
x
x x x x x
x
+
=

+ =

+ + =

=

2 2
2 2
5 0 2 5 0
~ ~
5 3 0 4 5 0
x x x x x
x x x x x
+ + = + =


+ + = + =


prej nga merret
1/ 2
2 2 6
1 1 6
2
x

= = ,
3/ 4 3 4
4 6
1, 5.
2
x x x

= = =
T zgjidhen barazimet iracionale:
Detyra 18. 2 14 7 5. x x x + = +
Zgjidhja.
2
2 14 0
7 0
5 0
2 14 7 5 |
x
x
x
x x x
+

+ = +

2 14
7
~
5
2 14 2( 2 14)( 7) 7 5
x
x
x
x x x x x

+ + + == +

[7, )
~
3 7 2 2 14 7 5
x
x x x x
+

+ + = +

2
[7, ) 7
~
2 2 2 2 14 7 |: 2 1 2 14 7 |
x x
x x x x x x
+


+ = + + = +

2 2 2 2
7 7
~
( 2 1) (2 14 14 98) 2 1 2 98
x x
x x x x x x x x


+ + = + + + =

2 2
7 7
~ ~
2 1 98 0 2 99 0
x x
x x x x


+ + + = + + =



1/ 2
0
~
2 4 4 99 2 4 396 2 20
2 2 2
x
x

+ +
= = =

1 2
7
~
2 20 18 22
9, 11
2 2 2
x
x x

+
= = = = =

nga kjo shihet se zgjidhje e barazimit t fillimit sht vlera x=11.
Detyra 19.
2 2 2 7
2 2 2 12
x x
x x
+ +
=
+ +
.
Zgjidhja.
Zvendsojm
2 2 2 1
2 2 2
x x
t
x x t
+ +
= =
+ +
. Merret:
2
1 7
12 12 12 7
12
t t t t
t
= =
2
2
1/ 2
7 ( 7) 4 12( 12)
12 7 12 0
2 12
t t t

= =

1/ 2
7 49 4 144 7 49 576 7 625 7 25
24 24 24 24
t
+ +
= = = =
1 2
7 25 4 3
, .
24 3 4
t t
+
= = =
Ather
2
2 2 4
2 3
2 2 3
2 4
x
x
x
x

+
=

+
=

+
.
Barazimi i dyt nuk ka zgjidhje.
Zgjidhja e barazimit t par sht
2 2 16
9(2 2) 16( 2)
2 9
x
x x
x
+
= + = +
+
18 18 16 32 18 16 18 32 0 2 14 7. x x x x x x + = + + = = = .
Dhe pasi t provojm kt zgjidhje, prfundojm se kjo sht zgjidhje e barazimit t fillimit.
T zgjidhen barazimet eksponenciale dhe logaritmike:
ANALIZA MATEMATIKE I

12
Detyra 20.
2 2 2 5 2 3 2 2
5 3 5 3
5 4 5 4 .
x x x x +
= +
Zgjidhja.
2 2 2 5 2 3 2 2
5 5 3 3 5 5 3 3
5 5 4 4 5 5 4 4
x x x x

= +
2 2 2 3 2 2 2 5
5 5 5 5 3 3 3 3
5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4
x x x x

= +

2 2 3 2 2 5
5 5 5 3 3 3
5 5 5 4 4 4
x x

= +



2 2
2 5
5 3
3 2 5 3 3 5
1 1 1
5 5 4
5 4 4
x x

= +




2 2 2 3 3 3 5 5
5 3
3 5 3 5
5 5 1 4 1
5 4
5 4
x x
+
=
2 2 5 5
5 3
3 5 3 5
5 1 4 1
5 4
5 4
x x
+
=
2 2
5 3
3 5 3 5
5 1 5
5 4
5 4
x x

=

2 2
5 3
3 5 3 5
4 5 1
5 4
4 5
5 4
x x
=

2 2
5 3
3 5
5 3
1 1
5 4
5 5 4 4
x x
=

2 3 2 5
1 1
5 5 3 3
5 4
x x
+ +


=
2 8 2 8
5 5 3 3
5 4
x x

=

2 8 2 8
5 3
5 4
x x
=
2 8 2 8 3 5
( 5) ( 4) 2 8 0 4.
x x
x x

= = =
Detyra 21.
2
2 1
( 1) 1.
x
x x

=
Zgjidhja.
Dallojm kto raste:
1)
2 2
1 1 2 0 x x x x = =
1/ 2
1 1 8 1 3
2 2
x
+
= =
1
2 x = dhe
2
1 x = . Nse provojm zgjidhjet e
tilla shihet se
1
2 x = e plotson barazimin.
2)
2 2
1 1 0 ( 1) 0 x x x x x x = = = 0 1 x x = = . Provohet se 1 x = sht zgjidhje.
3) Nse
2
1 0, x x = n kt rast nuk kemi zgjidhje.
4) Nse
2
1 0 x x > dhe
2
1 1 x x merret:
2
2 1
( 1) 1
x
x x

=
2
2 1 2 0
( 1) ( 1)
x
x x x x

=
2
1 0 1 x x = = merret 1. x =
Prfundimisht zgjidhjet jan:
1 2
1, 1 x x = = dhe
3
2. x =
Detyra 22.
2
4
1 log (log 1) log 10.
10
x x
x
x

+ =
Zgjidhja.
2
1 log (4 ) log 10 (log 1) log 10
x x x
x x + =
10
(4 )
log 1 log 2log 1
10
x
x
x x

+ =



10 10
4
log log log 2log 1
10
x
x
x x x

+ =

10
10
4
log
10
log log 2log 1
log
x
x x x
x

+ =
4
log log 2log 1
10
x
x x

+ =
2
4
log log log10
10
x
x x

=

2
4
log log
10 10
x x
x

=
2
4
10 10
x x
x

=
2
(4 ) x x x =
2 2
4x x x = 0 2. x x = =
Meq 0 x > (nga kushtet e fillimit) prfundojm se 2 x = sht zgjidhja e krkuar.
T zgjidhen mosbarazimet eksponenciale dhe logaritmike:
Detyra 23.
2
1
2
log (5 4 ) 3 x x + >
Zgjidhja.
3
2 2
1 1 1
2 2 2
1
log (5 4 ) 3 log (5 4 ) log
2
x x x x


+ > + >


3
2 2
2
2
1
5 4 0 5 4
2
5 4 8
5 4 0
x x x x
x x
x x

+ > + <




+ <

+ >

I-HYRJE

13

2 2
2 2
5 4 0 4 5 0
.
4 5 8 0 4 3 0
x x x x
x x x x
+ > + + >



+ + < + <


Duke zgjidhur barazimin
2
4 5 0 x x + + = merret
1/ 2
4 16 4( 1)5 4 6
2 2
x

= =

1 2
1, 5. x x = =
Duke zgjidhur barazimin
2
4 3 0 x x + = merret
3/ 4
4 16 4( 1)( 3) 4 16 12 4 2
2( 1) 2 2
x

= = =


3 4
1, 3. x x = =
Zgjidhja e mosbarazimit
2
4 5 0 x x + + > , sht ( 1, 5) x , kurse zgjidhja e mosbarazimit
2
4 3 0 x x + < sht ( ,1) (3, ). x +
Zgjidhja e mosbarazimit t fillimit q merret si prerje e tyre, sht ( 1,1) (3, 5). x
Detyra 24 log ( 1) 2.
x
x
Zgjidhja.
Dallojm dy raste themelore:
I) Nse baza > 1; II) Nse baza sht mes 0 e 1.
I) Nse 1, x > ather

2 2
log ( 1) 2 log ( 1) log ( 1)
x x x
x x x x x
si dhe kushti ndikues 1 0 x > .
Pra kemi
2 2 2
1
1 0 1
~ ~
1 1 1
2 1 0 1 1 0
2 4 4
x
x x
x x x x x x
>
> >


+ + +

2
1
1 3
0
2 4
x
x
>

+



Gj q nuk sht e mundur.
II) Nse
2 2
0 1 log ( 1) 2 log ( 1) log 1
x x x
x x x x x x < < <
2
1 0 x x + > mosbarazim ky q
vlen pr do , x prkatsisht (0,1) x
Mirpo kushtet e prkufizimit t funksionit log ( 1),
x
x na japin se kjo vlen vetm pr
1 0 1. x x > >
Prfundojm se mosbarazimi nuk ka zgjidhje.

4. Paraqitja grafike e funksioneve lineare, kuadratike,
ekspoenciale dhe logaritmike

T paraqiten grafikisht funksionet:
Detyra 25. 2 3. y x = +
Zgjidhja.
Caktojm dy pika t drejtzs (figura 3).
x 0 1
2 3 y x = + 3 1
Merret (0, 3), (1,1) A B

Figura 3


2
0
1
3

1
2 3 y x = +

x
3
2

ANALIZA MATEMATIKE I

14
Detyra 26. a)
2
2
( 4)
1 ;
| 4|
x x
y x
x

= +

b)
| 1| | 1|
;
2
x x
y
+ +
= c)
2
| | .
| 2|
x
y x x
x

= +

Zgjidhja.
a) Funksionin e dhn e paraqesim n trajtn:
( 2)( 2)
1 .
| 2|| 2|
x x x
y x
x x
+
= +
+

Vrejm se funksioni nuk sht i prkufizuar n pikat 2. x =
Tani funksionin e shqyrtojm n rastet 1) ( , 2); x 2) ( 2, 2); x 3) (2, ). x +
1) Nse ( , 2) x ather 2 0 | 2| ( 2) x x x < = , 2 0 | 2| ( 2). x x x + < + = +
Pra
( 2)( 2)
1 1 2 1.
( ( 2))( ( 2))
x x x
y x x x x
x x
+
= + = + =
+

2) Nse ( 2, 2); x ather 2 0 | 2| ( 2), x x x < = 2 0 | 2| 2. x x x + > + = +
D.m.th.
( 2)( 2)
1 1 1.
( ( 2)( 2))
x x x
y x x x
x x
+
= + = =
+

3) Nse (2, ) 2 0 | 2| 2; 2 0 | 2| 2. x x x x x x x + > = + > + = +
D.m.th.
( 2)( 2)
1 1 2 1.
( 2)( 2))
x x x
y x y x x y x
x x
+
= + = + =
+

Paraqesim grafikisht funksionin
2 1, ( , 2) (2, )
1, ( 2.2)
x x
y
x
+
=

(figura 4)
b)
, ( , 1]
1, [ 1,1]
, (1, )
x x
y x
x x

(figura 5) c)
2 1, ( , 0]
1, (0.2)
1, (2, )
x x
y x
x

(figura 6)












Figura 4 Figura 5 Figura 6

Detyra 27. a)
2
3| |; y x x = b)
2
2 | |; y x x = + c)
2
| | . y x x x = +
Zgjidhja.
a) Pr 0, | | x x x = prandaj
2
3 . y x x = Pr 0, | | x x x < = prandaj
2
3 . y x x = +
D.m.th.
2
2
3 , 0
3 , 0
x x x
y
x x x

=

+ <

Le t paraqesim s pari grafikun
2
3 , 0. y x x x =
2 1 y x =
-2
x
2
-5
-1
1 y =
1 3
y
3
5
2 1 y x =
y x =
-1 0

y x =
1
x
1 0 -1
-3
-1
y
2
x
1 y =
1
1 y =
2 1 y x =
I-HYRJE

15
Zerot e grafikut jan:
3 9
0; 3; ,
2 4
x x K

= =


(figura 7).









Figura 7 Figura 8 Figura 9

Paraqesim n vijim funksionin
3
3 ; 0. y x x x = + <
Zerot e funksionit 0; 3 x x = = (por 0 x < d.m.th. kemi vetm
3 9
3, ,
2 4
x K

=


(figura 8).
Duke kombinuar grafikt e funksioneve (figura 7, 8) merret grafiku i funksionit (figura 9).
b) Udhzim. Pr
2
0; | | ; 2 . x x x y x x = = + Pr
2
0; | | ; 2 x x x y x x < = = . Pra
2
2
2 , 0
2 , 0
x x x
y
x x x
+

=

<

(fig.10)
c) Funksionin e dhn e paraqesim n trajtn

2
| | | ( 1) | | || 1| . y x x x x x x x x x = + = + = +
Dallojm rastet: 1) ( , 0]; x 2) (0,1]; x 3) (0, ). x +
1) Nse ( , 0]; x | | ; 1 0 | 1| ( 1) 1 . x x x x x x = < = = Merret
2 2
(1 ) . y x x x x x x x = + = + + =
2) Nse (0,1]; x | | ; 1 0 | 1| 1 . x x x x x = < = Merret
2
(1 ) 2 . y x x x x x = + = +
3) Nse (0, ); | | ; 1 0 | 1| 1. x x x x x x + = > = Merret
2 2
( 1) . y x x x x x x x = + = + =
D.m.th. kemi funksionin
2
2
, ( , 0] [1, )
2 , (0,1]
x x
y
x x x

=

+

(figura 11)









Figura 10. Figura 11.

Detyra 28. a)
2
2 ;
x
y = b)
2
2 ;
x
y

= c) | 2 1|;
x
y =
d)
2
2 2;
x
x
y = e)
| |
3 ;
x x
y

= f)
| |
| 2 1| .
x
y =
Zgjidhja.
a)
2
| |
2 , 0
2 2
2 , 0
x
x x
x
x
y
x

= = =

<

(fig.12) b)
2
| |
2 , 0
2 2
2 , 0
x
x x
x
x
y
x

= = =

<

(fig.13)
-2 -1
-1
0
1
y
2
2 | | y x x = +
x
2
2
2 y x x = +
2
y x =
2 -1
0
1
y
x

9
4

0

y
x
3
2

3
-3
3
2

9
4

0 x -3
y
3
2

9
4

0
3
2
y
3 x

ANALIZA MATEMATIKE I

16









Figura 12 Figura 13
c) S pari shprehjen 2 1
x
e barazojm me zero dhe caktojm x in. sht e qart se 2 1 0
x
=

0
2 2 0.
x
x = =
D.m.th. detyrn duhet shqyrtuar sipas rasteve:
1) Nse ( , 0] x ather 2 1 0 | 2 1| (2 1) 1 2 .
x x x x
= =
2) Nse (0, ) x + ather 2 1 0 | 2 1| 2 1.
x x x
> =
D.m.th. kemi funksionin (figura 14)
1 2 , 0
2 1, 0
x
x
x
y
x

=

>

d)
| |
1
2, 0 2 , 0
2 2 .
2 , 0
2 , 0
x
x x
x
x
x
x x
y
x
x

> >

= = =

<

<

(Funksioni i dhn nuk sht i prkufizuar n pikn 0) x =

(figura 15)
Udhzim.
e) Pr 0; | | , x x x = d.m.th.
0
3 3 1.
x x
y

= = = Pr 0; x <
2
| | 3 9 .
x x
x x y = = =
f) Dallojm rastet 1) 0; x 2) 0. x <
1) Nse 0 x ather | | , x x = prandaj | 2 1| .
x
y = Pr 0 x edhe 2 1 0
x
prandaj | 2 1| 2 1.
x x
=
Pra 2 1.
x
y =
2) Nse 0; | | , x x x < = prandaj | 2 1| .
x
y

= Pr 0; 2 1 0
x
x

< > prandaj | 2 1| 2 1.
x x
=
Pra 2 1.
x
y

=
D.m.th.
2 1, 0
2 1, 0
x
x
x
y
x

=

<

Figura 14 Figura 15

Detyra 29. a)
2
log 1; y x = b)
1
3
log 1; y x = + c)
2
log ( 1). y x = +
Zgjidhja.

-2 -1
0
-1
1
1
2
3
4
y
1
2 1
x
y =
x
0
2
1
1
2

y
x
1 2
x
y =

-1 -2 0
1
1
4

y
2
x
-1 -2 0
1
1 2
x
2
x
y =
2
x
y

=
2
x
y = 2
x
y

=
y
I-HYRJE

17
O

r
O

r
r
l
a) b)
x 4 2 1
1
2

1
4


x 3 1
1
3

2
log 1 y x = 1 0 1 2 3
1
2
log 1 y x = + 0 1 2
c)
x 3 1 0
1
2

3
4

2
log ( 1) y x = + 2 1 0 -1 -2
Grafikt e funksioneve jan paraqitur n figurat 16, 17, 18, prkatsisht










Figura 16 Figura 17 Figura 18

5. Trigonometria

Prkufizimi 1. Masa e nj kndi e shprehur n radian jepet me formuln
r
l
= (radian) ku l
sht gjatsia e harkut rrethor q i prgjigjet kndit qendror dhe r sht rrezja e
rrethit. (shih figurn 19).







Figura 19 Figura 20

Le t shprehim kndin
o
360 n radian. N kt rast l sht perimetri i rrethit, pra r l = 2 , kshtu
=

= = 2
2
r
r
r
l
. Pra = 2 360
o
radian, d.m.th. =
o
180 radian.
Shnimi 1. Shohim se pr r l = kemi kndin 1 = radian, pra mund t themi:
Kndi me kulm n qendr t rrethit, gjatsia e harkut t t cilit sht e barabart
me rrezen e rrethit sht 1 radian (shih figurn 20).
Shnimi 2. Nga ajo q u tha m sipr tregohet leht se pr t shndrruar kndin nga shkallt n
radian, at e shumzojm me
o
180

, pra

=
o
180
( sht kndi i dhn i shprehur
1
-1
-2
1
2
1
y
x
2 4
2
log 1 y x =
2
1
1 1 2
y
3
1
3
log 1 y x = +
x
1
1
3

3
4

-1
-2
1 2 3
2
y
x
2
log ( 1) y x = +
ANALIZA MATEMATIKE I

18
n shkall), kurse pr t shndrruar kndin nga radian n shkall, kndin e
shumzojm me

o
180
, pra

=
o
180
( sht kndi i dhn i shprehur n radian).
Detyra 30. T shprehet n radian kndi . 1
o
=
Zgjidhja.
Meq radian 180 =
o
duke pjestuar t dy ant e barazis s msiprme me 180 kemi
radian 017453 . 0
180
3.14159...
radian
180
1 =

=
o
.
Detyra 31. T shprehet n shkall kndi radian. 1 =
Zgjidhja.
Veprojm ngjashm si n detyrn 1, me prjashtim se t dy ant e barazis radian 180 =
o
i
pjestojm me , me rast merret ' 17 57 29578 , 57
... 14159 . 3
180
radian 1
o o
o
= = .
T shprehen n radian kndet:
Detyra 32. a)
o
90 = ; b)
o
30 = ; c)
o
60 = .
Zgjidhja.
Nga shnimi 2 kemi

=
o
180
, ku sht kndi i dhn i shprehur n shkall, pra:
a) pr
o
90 = kemi
2
90
180

=

=
o
o
radian; b)
6

radian ; c)
3

radian.

T shprehen n shkall kndet:
Detyra 33. a) radian
2
3
= ; b) radian
6
5
= ; c) radian 3 . 2 = .
Zgjidhja.
Nga shnimi 2 kemi

=
o
180
, ku sht kndi i dhn i shprehur n radian, pra:
a) pr kndin
2
3
= kemi
o
o
270
2
3 180
=

= ;
b)
o
150 ; c) 3 . 2 radian=
o
o
8 . 131
180
3 . 2

.
Detyra 34. T llogariten vlerat e funksioneve trigonometrike t kndit mes diagonales dhe bazs s
kubit.
Zgjidhja.
Le t jet . x BD = Nga zbatimi i teorems s Pitagors n trekndshin ABD merret . 2 a x = Le t
shnojm me y diagonalen e kubit. Nga zbatimi i teorems s Pitagors n trekndshin BDH
merret . 3 a y =
Ather
;
3
3
3
1
3
sin = = = =
a
a
y
a

;
3
2
3
2
cos = = =
a
a
y
x

;
2
2
2
tg = = =
a
a
x
a



D
a

x
y
A
B
C
E
F
G H

Figura 21
I-HYRJE

19
Detyra 35. T vrtetohet identiteti 0 1 ctg tg 2
ctg 1
cos
cos sin
cos sin
2
3 3
= +
+

.
Zgjidhja.
1 ctg tg 2
ctg 1
cos
cos sin
cos sin
2
3 3
+
+

1 2
sin
cos
1
cos
cos sin
) cos cos sin )(sin cos (sin
2
2
2 2
+

+ +
=
1
sin
cos sin
cos
cos sin 1
2
2 2

+

+ = 0 1 cos sin cos sin = = .
Detyra 36. T thjeshtohet shprehja
o o o
o o o
780 cos 1860 sin 405 ctg
1140 tg 390 cos 750 sin


.
Zgjidhja.
o o o
o o o
780 cos 1860 sin 405 ctg
1140 tg 390 cos 750 sin
) 60 360 2 cos( ) 60 360 5 sin( ) 45 360 ( ctg
) 60 360 3 ( tg ) 30 360 cos( ) 30 360 2 sin(
o o o o o o
o o o o o o
+ + +
+ + +
=
. 3
2
1
2
3
1
3
2
3
2
1
60 cos 60 sin 45 ctg
60 tg 30 cos 30 sin
=


= =
o o o
o o o

T zgjidhen barazimet dhe mosbarazimet trigonometrike:
Detyra 37. .
2
2 cos 1
6
sin
3
cos
x
x x
+
=

+ +

+
Zgjidhja.
2
2 cos 1
6
sin
3
cos
x
x x
+
=

+ +

+
2
2 cos 1
6
sin cos
6
cos sin
3
sin sin
3
cos cos
x
x x x x
+
=

x x x x x
2
cos cos
2
1
sin
2
3
sin
2
3
cos
2
1
= + + sepse
2
1 cos 2
cos
2
x
x
+
=



2
cos cos 0 cos (1 cos ) 0 x x x x = =
= = 0 cos 1 0 cos x x . , , 2 2
2
Z n k n x k x = +

=
Detyra 38. a) ) (0,2 n
2
1
sin > x ; b)
2
1
sin > x ; c)
2
3
cos > x ; d) 2 ctg > x ; e) 1 tg > x .
Zgjidhja.
a) Nga figura shihet se ,
6
5
sin
2
1
6
sin
2

= = =

OA
kurse
2
1
sin , .
2
OM OC OC


= >


Kndi

OC OM, sht njri
ndr kndet e intervalit ) 2 , 0 ( q plotson mosbarazimin
e dhn. Rreze vektort, q pikn e fillimit e kan n O e
pikn e mbarimit n harkun ANB me boshtin Ox formojn
knde me vler m t madhe se kndi
6

por m t vogl
se kndi .
6
5
Pra

>
6
5
,
6
pr
2
1
sin x x . Figura 22
b) Duke pasur parasysh se funksioni trigonometrik sinx sht funksion periodik me period 2,


y
x
N
C
A
M
O
B
C
2
A
2
ANALIZA MATEMATIKE I

20
rrjedh se zgjidhjet gjenden n . , 2
6
5
2
6
Z k k x k +

< < +

c)

2 ,
6
11
6
, 0 x . d) . ), 2 arcctg , ( Z k k k x + e) Z k k k x

,
2
,
4
.
Detyra 39. ) 2 , 0 ( , 3 sin sin > x x x .
Zgjidhja.
3 3
sin sin 3 sin sin 3 0 2cos sin 0 2cos 2 sin( ) 0 2sin cos 2 0
2 2
x x x x
x x x x x x x x
+
> > > > >
sin cos 2 0 (sin 0 cos 2 0) (sin 0 cos 2 0) x x x x x x < > < < >
( )
3 3
(0, ) 2 , ( , 2 2 0, , 2
2 2 2 2
x x x x





( )
3 3
(0, ) , ( , 2 0, ,
4 4 4 4
x x x x





3
, .
4 4
x





Detyra 40. T vrtetohet mosbarazia 1
sin
cos
cos
sin
2 2
> +
+ +
x
x
x
x
n
n
n
n
pr . dhe
2
0 N n x

< <
Zgjidhja.
Mosbarazin e shkruajm n formn
x x
x
x
x
x
n
n
n
n
2 2
2 2
cos sin
sin
cos
cos
sin
+ +
+ +
2 2 2 2
sin cos
sin cos sin cos 0
cos sin
n n
n n
x x
x x x x
x x
+
0 ) 1 ctg ( cos ) 1 tg ( sin
2 2
+ x x x x
n n
2
2
cos
sin (tg 1) (tg 1) 0.
tg
n n
n
x
x x x
x

D.m.th. 0 ) 1 tg ( cos tg ) 1 tg ( sin
2 2
x x x x x
n n n 2
(tg 1) (tg 1) 0.
n n
x x
+

Mosbarazia e fundit sht e vrtet, sepse x x
n n 2
tg dhe tg
+
jan njkohsisht t barabart me nj, m
t mdhenj se nj ose m t vegjl se nj.
P.sh. Le t tregojm se nse 0 tg x
n
ather 0 tg
2

+
x
n
. Supozojm t kundrtn, pra se 0 tg
2
<
+
x
n
.
Ather 0 tg tg tg
2 2
< =
+
x x x
n n
. Meq 0 tg > x
n
mbetet q 0 tg
2
< x q paraqet kontradiksion. Ngjashm
tregohen edhe rastet tjera.
Detyra 41. T vrtetohet se nse
2 1
x x dhe
2 1
, x x ) , 0 ( , ather vlen
2
sin sin
2
sin
2 1 2 1
x x x x +
>
+
.
Zgjidhja.
Shqyrtojm ndryshimin
2
sin sin
2
sin
2 1 2 1
x x x x +

+
2
2
cos
2
sin 2
2
sin
2 1 2 1
2 1
x x x x
x x

+
=
1 2 1 2
sin 1 cos
2 2
x x x x +
=



2 1 2 1 2
2sin sin .
2 4
x x x x +
=
Kur ) , 0 ( dhe ) , 0 (
2 1
x x ather edhe ) , 0 (
2
2 1

+ x x
kshtu q 2sin . 0
2
2 1
>
+ x x

Pra vlen
1 2 1 2
sin sin
sin 0,
2 2
x x x x + +
> d.m.th.
1 2 1 2
sin sin
sin .
2 2
x x x x + +
>