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    Defining and Non-Defining Clauses

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    Mamen Caño
    Relative clauses

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    Defining and Non-Defining Clauses

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    Mamen Caño
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    Relative clauses

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    Relative clauses

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx or pdf
    72 views12 pages

    Defining and Non-Defining Clauses

    Uploaded by

    Mamen Caño
    Relative clauses

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF or read online from Scribd
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    Download as docx or pdf
    of 12
    Relative clauses (1) — clauses with who/that/which Look at this example sentence ‘The woman [who lives next door] is a doctor. Le relative cause 1 A clause isa part ofa sentence. A relative clause tells us which person or thing (or what kind of petson or thing) the speaker means: ‘The woman who lives next door... (who lives next doo tells us which woman} «¢ People who live in London... who live in London’ tells us what kind of people) ‘We use who in a relative clause when we are talking about people (not things). We use who instead of beshelthey: che womaa —e lives ext door ~ia doctor +The woman who lives next door is a doctor. vs kow alo of people— they live in London > __Weknow a lot of people_who live in London, ‘© Anarchitect is someone who designs buildings. ‘@ What was the name ofthe man who lent you the money ‘© Anyone who wants to do the exam must enter before next Friday. ‘You can also use that (instead of who}: ‘© The man that lives next door is very friendly ‘But sometimes you must use who {wot ‘that’ for people ~ see Unit 94, When we are tatking about things, we use that or which (not who’) ina relative clause: ‘here is the cheese? — ic was inthe fridge + + whieh [$3 } wasn ie {© I don’t like scores that have uahappy endings. (or ..stoties which have... © Barbara works for a company that makes washing machines. (or... company which makes. {@ The machine that broke down has now been repaired. or The machine which broke down...) ‘That is more usual than which, But somesimes you must use which (not ‘that’ ~ see Unit 94 ‘You cannot use what in sentences like these: © Everyehing that happened was my fault. (uot “Everything what happened...) What = ‘the things) that: ‘© What happened was my fault. (= the thing that happened) Remember that in relative clauses we use who\that/which instead of helsheltheyfit. So we say @ Do you know the woman who lives next door? (not ‘..the woman sbe lives next door’) unt EXERCISES 91 In this exercise you have to explain what some words mean, Choose the right meaning from the box and then write a sentence with who. Use a dictionary if necessary ‘seals from a shop ‘ays something from a shop devine pays rent olive ina house or flat doesn't believe in God PH) breaks inco a house vo steal things isnot brave no longer works and gets money from the state helshe 1 fanarchitect) An architeatie, someone who desians bulding, 2 (a burglar) A busglar is someone - a 3 (a customer) o ~ 4 a shoplifter) ttn 5 (a coward) 6 (anathest) 7 (a pensioner} 8 (a tenant) Make one sentence from two. Use wholthathwhich. 1A girl was injared in the accident. She is now in hospital. The. whe. es ured inthe aceldert naw In hoopla, 2 A.man answered the phone. He cold me you were away. ‘Theman 3 Awaitvess served us. he was very impolite and impatient. ‘The 4A building was destroyed in the fire thas now been rebuilt, 5 Some people were arrested. They have now been released. The 6 A bus goes to the airport. Ie runs every half hour 13 Complete the sentences. Choose the most suitable ending from the box and make it into a relative clause. he invented the telephone she runs away from home itgives you the meaning of words they are never on time it won the race they stole my car itean suppor life they were on the wall itcannot be explained 1 Barbara works for a company that: makes.washing machines, 2 The books about a gil ~ . 3 What was the name of the horse oo 4 The police have caughe the men... os sn 5 Alexander Bell was the man ~ - 6 What's happened to the pictures. “ ~ 7 A mystery is something, — 8 A dictionary isa book - ~ ~ 9 1 don't ike people a 10 I seems that Earth isthe only planet ~ Relative clauses (2) — clauses with or without who/that/which Sometimes wholthae'which is the object of the verb. For example «The noma fl wants yon ey ele em sb te Poona). SI Sh ‘© Have you found the keys [that] you lost? Cer Sieg) te etch seo You tose keys] you is the subject ‘When whovthavwhich isthe objet, you can leave it ont. So you can say: ‘¢ The woman I wanted to se0 was away. or The woman who I wanted to see... {© Have you found the keys you lost? or ..the keys that you lost? ‘The dress Ann bought docsn’e ft her very well. or The dress that Ann bought... ¢ Is there anything U

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