EEE C364/INSTR C 364

Analog Electronics
Lecture 7
24-01-2012
PRECISION RECTIFIERS
PRECISION RECTIFIERS
A Half-Wave rectifier (HWR) is a circuit that passes only a positive
(or only negative) portion of a wave, while blocking out other
portion.
A full-Wave rectifier, besides passing the positive portion, inverts
and passes also the negative portion.
The transfer characteristics is as shown below.
Half Wave rectifier Full-Wave rectifier
Precision Half-Wave and Full-Wave Rectifier
Precision Circuits
Equivalent circuit of HWR during (a) Positive Half
cycle (b) Negative Half cycle
V
0A
= V
0
+0.7 V
V
0A
= -13.0 V
Disadvantage: When Vi changes from negative to positve, its output
has to come out of saturation and swing all the way from -13 V to
V
0A
V
i
+ 0.7 V
Precision Half-Wave rectifier with gain
Precision Circuits
1. During positive half cycle of the input, diode D is forward biased,
and the output V0= Vi( 1+R1/R2)
2. During the negative half cycle of the input, diode is revere biased,
and hence the output is zero.
3. If the polarity of the diode is reversed, then we get negative cycle
and positive half cycle will be clipped off.
Precision Half-Wave Rectifier using inverting configuration
Precision Circuits
When V
i
> 0, A positive input causes D
1
to conduct, thus creating
negative feedback path around the opamp.
Because of virtual ground point V
N
=0, the diode D1 clamps the output
of opamp to V
D1
=0.7 V
D
2
is off, the current through R2 is zero , hence V
0
= 0
When Vi<0, a negative input causes opamp output to swing positive,
thus turning D2 ON. But D1 is OFF, giving an output V
0
= -R
2
/R
1
V
i
.
The direction of current during positive half cycle
The direction of current during Negative half cycle
Precision Full-Wave Rectifier
Precision Circuits
4
6
4
6
0
) 2 (
cycle half positive During
R
R
V
R
R
V V V
i i i

4
6
4
6
0
) 0 (
cycle half negative During
R
R
V V
R
R
V
i i

Positive Clippers
Negative Clippers
Positive Clamper
Negative Clamper
Peak Detectors
Comparators
Comparators and Schmitt Triggers
Voltage level detectors
Comparators Applications
Zero-Crossing Detector
Comparators Applications
Voltage Limiters
Time Marker Generator
IC Comparators