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BO CO TT NGHIP

(B MN LC-HA DU)
TI: M phng qu trnh tng hp MTBE

A IM THC TP: PTN B mn Lc Ha Du
THI GIAN: T..N

Sinh vin: Nguyn Cng Thng
Lp: Lc Ha Du Bk54
M s sinh vin: 0921060184
Cn b hng dn: on vn Hun
n v thc tp:
Ni Dung Ti
PHN 1: M U
PHN 2: TM TT NI DUNG V TIN THC HIN TI
Chng 1: Tng quan v MTBE ( hon thnh s b)
1.1.Gii Thiu V MTBE
1.2.S lc v s pht trin ca MTBE
1.3. Tnh Cht ca MTBE
Chng 2 : Cng ngh v qu trnh tng hp MTBE ( hon thnh s b)
2.1.Cc phng php sn xut MTBE
2.1.1.C s ha hc
2.1.2.ng hc v qu trnh phn ng
2.2.Cc cng ngh sn xut MTBE
2.2.1.Qu trnh isome ha n-butan thnh iso-butan
2.2.2.Qu trnh hydro ha iso-butan thnh iso-buten
2.3.Qu trnh ether ha ta MTBE
2.3.1.Cng ngh CD-TECH
2.3.2.Cng ngh sn xut MTBE ca Hills.
2.3.3. Qu trnh ete ha ca hang UOP
Chng 3: Tm hiu v hysys. (ang tm hiu nghin cu )
3.1.Gii Thiu Hysys
3.2.ng Dng
Chng 4 : M phng qu trnh tng hp MTBE (ang tm hiu)
Chng 5: Kt Lun


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Cc ni dung thc hin c

Phn I: M U
nng cao cht lng ca xng , ngi ta c nhiu bin php thc hin
yu cu cht lng .Ngi ta c th s dng cc cng ngh lc du tin tin ,
hoc c th dng ph gia, tc l pha trn thm 1 thnh phn c tr s octan cao
vo xng . Trong c ph gia MTBE . MTBE ngoi ng dng l lm ph gia
cho xng th n cn c ng dng khc nh lm nguyn liu cho cc qu trnh
tng hp hu c khc.
Hin nay trn th gii cng c nhiu nh my MTBE c xy dng v
i vo hot ng. V i vi mt k s Lc ha du th chng ta cn hiu, nm
bt c kin thc v MTBE nh : s pht trin ca MTBE , tnh cht , hoc l
cng ngh tng hp nn MTBE...
y l l do em thc hin ti ny : M Phng qu trnh tng hp MTBE
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Phn 2: Ni dung

Chng 1: Tng quan v MTBE

I.1. Gii Thiu V MTBE
MTBE l mt cu t c tr s octan cao v c kh nng tan ln hon ton vo
xng , phn b u trong ton b th tch ca xng, l mt cht kh an ton vi ngi
s dng.Hin nay cc nh ch to ng c khng ngng ch to nhng ng c c cng
sut ln , c t s nn cao.Nhng ng c ny i hi nhin liu cho chng phi c cht
lng cao , tr s octan cao , nhin liu chy trong ng c c m bo khng b
chy kch n , dng thi m bo cng sut thit k, bn ng c v khng hao tn
nhin liu.
sn xut ra sn phm xng t cht lng theo yu cu , ta s dng MTBE
lm tng tr s octan.


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I.2. S Lc V S Pht Trin MTBE

Metyl Tert Buty Ete l hp cht cha oxi thuc h ete, c tng hp ln u tin vo
nm 1904 bi Williamson. Trong th chin th 2 n c nghin cu rt nhiu v ph
gia ny cha thc s ln do vy mi n nm 1970 th nh my cng nghip sn xut
MTBE mi c ra i v i vo hot ng ti Italia. Bt u t y n c pht trin
mnh trn ton th gii vi nhiu cng ngh mi c ra i, c bit l khi ngi ta
thy ph gia ch l mt cht c hi cho con ngi.
Hin nay, cc cng ngh sn xut MTBE c lp t nhiu ni trn th gii
vi tng cng sut vo khong 25000 nghn tn/nm. Cc xng ny c lp
t, s dng cc qu trnh cng ngh ca cc hng khc nhau. Cng ngh ca
hng Snamprogetti (M) s dung nguyn liu FCC-BB v thit b on nhit,
c nhiu xng sn xut c xy dng trn nhiu nc ( M , ) , Cng ngh
ca hng Hills AG , Cng ngh ca CD TECH (ABB Lummus) cng c
p dng nhiu ni trn th gii.
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I.3.Tnh Cht Ca MTBE



I.3.1. Tnh cht vt l
iu kin thng, MTBE l mt cht lng khng mu v linh ng, c nht
thp,tan rt t trong nc (1,4% th tch) nn lng nc ln vo t , kh nng phn chia pha
hu nh khng xy. MTBE tan v hn trong tt c cc dung mi hu c thng thng v
trong tt c cc hydrocacbon. Mt s tnh cht vt l c trng ca MTBE nh sau:

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Khi lng phn t, M 88.15 Kg/Kmol
Nhit si, ts 55.3
o
C
Nhit nng chy -108.6
o
C
Hng s in mi ( 20
o
C) 4.5
nht ( 20
o
C) 0.6 mPa.s
Sc cng b mt 20 mN/m
Nhit dung ring(20
o
C) 2.18 Kj/Kg.K
Nhit ha hi 337 Kj/Kg
Nhit hnh thnh -314 Kj/mol
Nhit chy -34.88 Mj/kg
Nhit chp chy -28
o
C
Nhit bt la 460
o
C
Gii hn n trong khng kh 1.65-8.4 % th tch
p sut ti hn, P
cr
3.43 Mpa
Nhit ti hn, T
cr
224.0
o
C
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Nhit
o
C
p sut hi
KP
a

ha tan T trng
G/cm
2
Nc trong
MTBE,%kl
MTBE
trong
nc,
%kl
0 10.8 1.19 7.
3
0.7613
10 17.4 1.22 5.
0
0.7510
12 - - - 0.7489
15 - - - 0.7458
20 26.8 1.28 3.
3
0.7407
30 40.6 1.36 2.
2
0.7304
40 60.5 1.47 1.
5
-
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Hn hp ng ph im si,
o
C Hm lng MTBE,
%kl
MTBE-Nc 52.6 96
MTBE-metanol 51.6 86
MTBE-metanol
(1,0MP
a
)
130 68
MTBE-Metanol
(2,5MP
a
)
175 54
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I.3.2.Tnh cht ha hc
MTBE l 1 cht kh n nh trong mi trng kim, trung tnh v axit yu. Khi c mt
axit mnh th n b phn hy thnh methanol v iso-buten phn ng nh sau :





Mt s phn ng ca MTBE :
- Phn ng vi axit v c mnh : MTBE phn ng vi cc gc axit v c mnh nh
: HCl, H
2
SO
4
to mui.
CH
3
OC(CH
3
)
3
+ HCl CH
3
O
+
HC(CH
3
)
3
Cl
-

- Phn ng vi HI
10




Phn ng vi oxi nhit cao
CH
3
OC(CH
3
)
3
+ O
2
O
2
+H
2
O + Q


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Chng II: Cng ngh v qu trnh tng hp MTBE

II.1.1. C s ha hc:
MTBE c to thnh bi phn ng cng Metanol vo lin kt i ca
iso-buten:




Qu trnh d dng xy ra trong pha lng nhit 40-90
o
C v p sut 20-70 at
c mt ca xc tc mang tnh axit y l phn ng ta nhit nh (butan, n-
buten,...) trong mi trng phn ng. Xc tc cho phn ng tng hp l xc tc
axit rn. C th s dng xc tc axit rn nh Betonie, nhng hay c s dng
nht l nha trao i ion cation. Ri ngi ta cn s dng xc tc zeolite.
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II.1.2. ng hc v qu trnh phn ng
Phn ng tng hp MTBE l phn ng thun nghch xc tc s dng l xc tc
axit. ng hc v c ch phn ng ph thuc vo mi trng phn ng, iu ny
c th ph thuc vo t l: R=iso-buten/Metanol ( t l mol) c th xem phn ng
ny xy ra theo c ch ion vi vic pronton ha iso-buten trc.




Sau ion cacboni s tng ng vi Metanol



Sau cng:

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II.2. Cc Cng Ngh Sn Xut MTBE

Cng ngh chung ca sn xut MTBE t hn hp C4 (t n-butan) qua 3 giai
on chnh l:
- ISOME ha n-butan thnh Iso-butan
- Dehydro ha Iso-butan thnh Iso-buten
-Tng hp MTBE t Iso-buten v Metanol.
S qu trnh sn xut MTBE t kh n-butan nh sau :

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