MN HC

D TON XY DNG
(45 tit)


THS. NGUYN NG KHOA

TI LIU THAM KHO:
GIO TRNH D TON XY DNG C BN
NH XUT BN XY DNG, 2010
TNG LIN ON LAO NG VIT NAM
TRNG I HC TN C THNG
D TON XY DNG C BN
CHNG 1:
KHI NIM D TON XY DNG C BN
CHNG 5:
THANH QUYT TON VN U T
CHNG 4:
LP D TON CNG TRNH
CHNG 3:
D TON NHU CU VT LIU, NHN CNG,
XE MY THI CNG

CHNG 2:
TIN LNG
CHNG 1: KHI NIM D TON XY DNG C BN
Tng mc u t d n u t xy dng cng trnh
(tng mc u t) l khi ton chi ph ca d n u t xy
dng cng trnh (d n) c xc nh trong giai on lp
d n hoc lp bo co kinh t - k thut lm c s lp
k hoch v qun l vn u t, xc nh hiu qu u t
ca d n. i vi d n s dng vn ngn sch Nh
nc th tng mc u t l chi ph ti a m Ch u t
c php s dng u t xy dng cng trnh.
Tng mc u t bao gm:
- Chi ph xy dng
- Chi ph thit b
- Chi ph n b gii phng mt bng, ti nh c;
- Chi ph qun l d n v chi ph khc;
- Chi ph d phng
I./ TNG MC U T D N U T XD CNG TRNH
1.1- Chi ph xy dng bao gm :
1.2- Chi ph thit b bao gm:
- Chi ph xy dng cc cng trnh, hng mc cng trnh thuc
d n;
- Chi ph ph v tho d cc vt kin trc c;
- Chi ph xy dng cng trnh tm, cng trnh ph tr phc v
thi cng (ng thi cng, in nc, nh xng v.v.) ; Nh
tm ti hin trng v iu hnh thi cng.
- Chi ph mua sm thit b cng ngh v chi ph o to v
chuyn giao cng ngh (nu c), chi ph vn chuyn t
cng hoc ni mua n cng trnh, chi ph lu kho, lu bi,
chi ph bo qun, bo dng ti kho bi hin trng, thu
v ph bo him thit b cng trnh ;
- Chi ph lp t thit b v th nghim, hiu chnh (nu c).
- Chi ph qun l chung ca d n;
- Chi ph t chc thc hin cng tc n b gii phng mt
bng ;
- Chi ph thm nh hoc thm tra thit k, tng d ton, d
ton xy dng cng trnh;
- Chi ph lp h s mi d thu, h s mi u thu, phn
tch nh gi h s d thu, h s u thu;
- Chi ph gim st thi cng xy dng, gim st kho st xy
dng v lp t thit b;
- Chi ph kim nh v chng nhn s ph hp v cht
lng cng trnh xy dng;
- Chi ph nghim thu, quyt ton v quy i vn u t;
- Chi ph lp d n ; Chi ph thi tuyn kin trc (nu c) ;
- Chi ph kho st, thit k xy dng ;
- Chi ph bo him cng trnh ; Chi ph kim ton, thm tra,
ph duyt quyt ton v mt s chi ph khc.

1.3- Chi ph qun l d n v chi ph khc bao gm:
1.5- Chi ph d phng:
1.4 - Chi ph n b gii phng mt bng, ti nh c bao
gm:
L khon chi ph d tr cho cc khi lng pht
sinh, cc yu t trt gi v nhng cng vic cha lng
trc c trong qu trnh thc hin d n c tnh
bng 10% chi ph xy dng.
- Chi ph n b nh ca, vt kin trc, cy trng trn t,
;
- Chi ph thc hin ti nh c c lin quan n n b gii
phng mt bng ca d n; Chi ph ca Ban n b gii
phng mt bng ;
- Chi ph s dng t nh chi ph thu t trong thi gian
xy dng, chi ph u t h tng k thut (nu c).
II./ TNG D TON XY DNG CNG TRNH
Tng d ton xy dng cng trnh ca d n (Tng d
ton) l ton b chi ph cn thit d tnh u t xy dng
cc cng trnh, hng mc cng trnh thuc d n. Tng d
ton c xc nh bc thit k k thut i vi trng
hp thit k 3 bc, thit k bn v thi cng i vi trng
hp thit k 2 bc v 1 bc v l cn c qun l chi
ph xy dng cng trnh.
* Tng d ton bao gm cc chi ph c tnh theo cc d ton
xy dng cng trnh, hng mc cng trnh gm:
1. Chi ph xy dng,
2. Chi ph thit b,
3. Cc chi ph khc c tnh trong d ton xd cng trnh v chi
ph d phng,
4. Chi ph qun l d n v mt s chi ph khc ca d n.
* Tng d ton khng bao gm:
1. Chi ph n b gii phng mt bng, ti nh c k c chi ph thu
t thi gian xy dng,
2. Chi ph u t h tng k thut (nu c),
3. Vn lu ng ban u cho sn xut (i vi d n sn xut, kinh
doanh).
D ton xy dng cng trnh (D ton cng trnh) c xc
nh theo cng trnh xy dng. D ton cng trnh bao gm d
ton xy dng cc hng mc, d ton cc cng vic ca cc
hng mc thuc cng trnh.

D ton cng trnh c lp trn c s khi lng xc nh
theo thit k k thut i vi trng hp thit k 3 bc, thit
k bn v thi cng i vi trng hp thit k 2 bc v 1
bc hoc t yu cu, nhim v cng vic cn thc hin ca
cng trnh v n gi, nh mc chi ph cn thit thc hin
khi lng .

Ni dung d ton cng trnh bao gm:
1. Chi ph xy dng
2. Chi ph thit b,
3. Chi ph khc
4. Chi ph d phng
III./ D TON XY DNG CNG TRNH
IV./ VAI TR TC DNG CA GI TR D TON
1. Xc nh chnh thc vn u t xy dng cng trnh
, xy dng c k hoch cung cp, s dng v
qun l vn

2. Tnh ton hiu qu kinh t u t c c s so snh
la chn gii php thit k, phng n t chc thi
cng

3. Lm c s xc nh gi gi thu, hp ng giao
nhn thu

4. L c s nh thu lp k hoch sn xut, cung cp
vt t,

5. L c s n v xy lp nh gi kt qu hot
ng ca n v mnh
CHNG 2: TIN LNG
- Tin lng l tnh ton trc khi lng khi lng c
th ca tng cng vic

- n v thit k phi tnh y , chnh xc cc khi
lng cng tc lp nn bng tin lng trong h s
d ton thit k.

- Bng tin lng l cn c ch yu v ht sc quan trng
khi xc nh gi tr d ton xy lp v d tnh nhu cu s
dng vt t, nhn lc, xe my thit b cho thi cng cng
trnh
I./ KHI NIM
Mt s iu lu trong tin lng:
2) Quy cch: quy cch ca cc vt liu bao gm nhng yu t
nh hng ti s hao ph v vt t, nhn cng, my thi cng
v nh hng ti gi ca cc cng tc

VD: Tin lng be tng khc nhau cho tng, ct, sn, mng
3) Cc bc tin hnh:
- Nghin cu bn v
- Phn tch khi lng
- Tm kch thc tnh ton
- Tnh ton v trnh by kt qu
1) n v tnh: Mi cng tc khi tnh khi lng c mt n v
c th: m, m2, m3, tn, ...
1.1) n v tnh:
- o p bng th cng: cng/ m3
- o p bng my: 100m3
1.3) Phng php tnh:
- Hnh thng ng
- Thnh vt taluy
-Tin lng o t ca h thng
1.2) Quy cch: o (hoc p)
- Bng th cng
- Bng my
II./ CCH TNH TIN LNG CC LOI CNG TC XY LP
1) Cng tc t:
1.1) n v tnh:
- o p bng th cng: cng/ m3
- o p bng my: 100m3
1.3) Phng php tnh:
- Hnh thng ng
- Thnh vt taluy
-Tin lng o t ca h thng
1.2) Quy cch: o (hoc p)
- Bng th cng
- Bng my
1) Cng tc t:
2) Cng tc ng (p) cc:
2.1) n v tnh: Tnh theo m di cc (100m)
2.2) Quy cch:
* ng cc bng th cng
- Loi cc, mt cc (s cc trn 1 m
2
)
- Kch thc cc (chiu di cc, ng knh)
* ng cc bng my
- Loi cc (cc g, b tng, )
- ng cc trn mt t hay mt nc
- ng cc c cc dn hay khng cc dn
- Phng tin ng bng my, tu ng cc
2.3) Phng php tnh:
Tng chiu di cc = din tch gia c x chiu di cc x mt
cc


VD: Tnh tin lng cc cn gia c mng cho cng trnh 40
m2. t cp 2, D>= 80mm, chiu di cc 2m, mt 25
cc/m2
n v tnh: m di
Quy cch: cc tre ti, K >=80, mt 25ca6y /m
2
, chiu di
2m, t cp
L = 40x 2x25 = 2000m
3) Cng tc thp:
3.3) Phng php tnh:
a) Tnh tin lng thp cho kt cu thp
- Tnh ra chiu di ca tng loi thanh thp
- Tnh ra din tch ca tng tm thp bn ca cu kin
3.2) Quy cch:
- Loi thp: CT
1
, CT
2
, A
I
, A
II
, C
I
, C
II
, C
III
, C
IV

- Kch thc i vi thp hnh
- ng knh i vi thp trn
- Loi cu kin
- V tr cu kin
- Phng php thi cng
3.1) n v tnh: Tn
b) Tnh thp trong kt cu b tng ct thp
Thng ly trong bng thng k thp bn v kt cu
- Trng lng n v ca tng loi ng knh thp c
trong KCBT
- Bng thng k ct thp

Tn
cu
kin
Tn
th
p
Hnh
dng
v
kch
thc
|
m
m
1 Cu kin Ton b Cng chung
S
thanh
Chiu
di
S
than
h
Chi
u di
|
mm
Chi
u di
Trn
g
ln
g
4) Cng tc B tng.
Trong cng trnh xy dng cng tc B tng v b tng
ct thp l nhng khi lng ph bin hu ht cc b
phn cng trnh nh: mng. b tng mng, b tng
lt,...
4.1) n v tnh: m3
4.2) Quy cch
Trong cng tc b tng quy cch cn tnh cn c phn
bit bi nhng im sau:
- Loi b tng, gch v, dm, si. c ct thp hay
khng
- S hiu b tng( b tng gch v, mc va)
- Loi cu kin: Dm, an, Panel
- V tr cu kin: Cu kin cao th kh thi cng
- Phng thc thi cng: th cng hay my bm, cn
trc,...
Trong cng trnh xy dng khi lng b tng c th
nm ri rc xen k vi cc khi lng khc hoc nm
thnh h thng cng mt cu kin:
- Lanh t, mi ht...
- Cu thang, sn
- Khi tnh cn nghin cu k bn v tch ring cc khi
lng c quy cch khc nhau m y ch yu l b
phn dm, sn.
- i vi cc b phn c lin quan v kch thc v cu
to vi cc b phn khc nh lt mng nn nh, ging
tng khi tnh cn ch n nh du s dng cho
phn tnh sau:
- Din tch o mng = Din tch b tng lt mng
- Din tch p nn = Din tch b tng lt nn
- Chiu di ging tng = Chiu di tng
Lu : khi tnh khi lng b tng khng phi tr i khi
lng ct thp nm trong B tng.
V d 3: Tnh tin lng B tng lanh t, lanh t kim vng
tng1; Dm, ging tng, Panel sn tng 2. Bit rng s
dng B tng Mc 200 dm 1x2

4.3) Phng php tnh
5) Cng tc n:
a) n v tnh: m
3

c) Phng php tnh
- p dng cch t tha s chung cho chiu cao v chiu
dy tng
- Ly ton b chiu di ca tng nhn vi chiu cao ta
c din tch tng (k c ca)
- Ly din tch ton b tng tr i din tch ca ta
c din tch tng cn tm
- Ly din tch mt tng nhn vi b dy tng ta c
khi lng tng cn tm
b) Quy cch:
- B phn xy (mng, tng, tr,)
- V tr ca b phn (tng 1,2,..)
- Vt liu xy (, gch,..)
- Loi va (va xi mng hay va tam hp) mac va
5.1) Cng tc xy
5.2) Cng tc trt, lng
c) Phng php tnh
- Tnh theo din tch mt cu kin b phn c trt lng
- Cc cu kin c nhiu mt cn phn bit: mt trng, lng
(bc thang vng)
- Khi trt lng cho ton b cng trnh ch tch ring cc
b phn, cc khu vc trc khc
- Tnh din tch mt tng ton b ri tr ca, trng v
dun tch trt va khc quy cch
b) Quy cch:
- Cu kin c trt lng
- Loi va, s hiu
- Chiu di trt lng
- Bin php trt
- Yu cu k thut
a) n v tnh: trt , lng tnh theo m
2
, trt g pho, ch tnh
theo m
5.3) Cng tc lt, p
a) n v tnh: m
2

b) Quy cch:
- B phn cn lt, p v tr cc b phn
- Vt liu lt, p
- Loi va b dy
c) Phng php tnh
- Tnh theo din tch mt cn p lt
- Din tch lt nn = din tch trt trn + din tch qua ca
i
5.4) Cng tc lp mi
a) n v tnh: theo m
2
ma
b) Quy cch:
- Vt liu lp (ngi tn, phib r XM,)
- Loi ngi lp: 22v/m
2
, 13v/m
2
, 75v/m
2

- Chiu cao, phng tin thi cng

c) Phng php tnh
- Cn c vo gc nghing ca mi ta tnh c din tch
mi cn lp
VD: Tnh tin lng xy trt, lng ca mt phn cng trnh sau

6) Cng tc mc:
a) n v tnh:
- Cnh ca: m
2
- Khung ca: m di
c) Phng php tnh
- p dng cch t tha s chung cho chiu cao v
chiu dy tng
- Ly ton b chiu di ca tng nhn vi chiu cao ta
c din tch tng (k c ca)
- Ly din tch ton b tng tr i din tch ca ta
c din tch tng cn tm
- Ch tnh cng tc lp dng ca, khun ca
b) Quy cch:
- Loi cnh ca: ca i, s, lt, knh, st, c khun
- Loi g: lim, ch ch, cm xe,
- iu kin k thut: mng, ,
6.1) Cng tc lm ca
a) n v tnh: m
2

c) Phng php tnh
- Da vo bn v thit k din tch trn cn lm v loi
trn tnh ra vt liu
b) Quy cch:
- Trn giy p cng, trn vn p, trn ct p, trn g dn
- Trn g dn c vn cch m cch nhit
- Trn vn p bc simili, mt dy 5 cm np phn bng g
- Trn bng tm thch cao hoa vn 50x50, 63x41
- Trn bng nha hoa vn 50x50
- Trn Labri g
- ..
6.2) Cng tc lm trn, sn xut v ko, lm mi
* Cng tc lm trn
a) n v tnh: m
3

c) Phng php tnh
- i vi x g v cu phong: Tnh ra khi lng 1
thanh (chiu di x tit din thanh
- i vi nh dn dng: thng dng v ko in hnh
do b Xy dng ban hnh KGNT-01; KGN-02; KGF-03
trong mi loi v ko u ghi c th v ph kin v th tch
g cn lm
- Trng hp khng phi v ko in hnh th phi xem
kch thc tng thanh theo bn v v cng tng khi
lng g li
b) Quy cch:
- V ko mi ngi
- V ko phibr ximng
- V ko hn hp g mi ngi
- V ko hn hp g, st trn mi phibr ximng
* Cng tc sn xut v ko lm mi
a) n v tnh: m
2
(100m
2
)

c) Phng php tnh
- Khi lng vn khun b tng (v BT ti ch hay
c sn) c tnh theo din tch b mt b to6ngca62n s
sng vn khun
- i vi cc kt cu, cu kin b tng c ch rng vi
din tch ch rng s1m
2
th khng tr khi lng din tch
vn khun v cng khng c tnh thm khi lng vn
khun cho b mt thnh, g xung quanh ch rng
b) Quy cch:
- Vn khun cho b tng ti ch
- Vn khun cho b tng lp ghp
6.3) Cng tc vn khun
a) n v tnh: m
2

c) Phng php tnh
- Din tch qut vi thng da vo din tch trt
b) Quy cch:
- Phng php thi cng: qut, phun
- Qut vi trng hay mu, my nc
- B phn cn qut
- Tng nh (chiu cao)
7.1) Cng tc qut vi
7) Cng tc qut vi, sn, b matt
a) n v tnh: m
2

c) Phng php tnh
- Tch theo din tch b mt ton b ca vt cn sn
b) Quy cch:
- Phng php thi cng: qut, phun
- Vt liu cn sn: g, thp, tng, sn,
- B phn c sn
- Chiu cao (Tng nh, cu kin)
7.2) Cng tc sn
a) n v tnh: m
2

c) Phng php tnh
- Tch theo din tch b mt cu kin
b) Quy cch:
- Kt cu cn b: tng, ct, dm, trn,
- Vt liu b: hn hp b hay bt b ch to sn
7.3) Cng tc b mtit
8) Cng tc lp t h thng in, h thng nc
- Lp t cc loi n, qut in
- Lp t ng bo v cp
- Lp t cc ph kin ng ngt, o lng, bo v
- Lp t h thng chng st
Phng php tnh: da vo cc bn v ca h s thit k,
cc ch dn k thut, cc thng k, chng loi,
- Lp t cc sn phm v ph kin phc v sinh hot v
v sinh
- Lp t h thng cp thot nc trong nh
- Phng php tnh: da vo cc bn v ca h s thit
k, cc ch dn k thut, cc thng k, chng loi,
8.1) Cng tc lp t h thng in
8.2) Cng tc lp t h thng cp thot nc trong nh
9) Cng tc lm sn, ng
a) Cng tc lm ng b: phn theo tng loi ng b
(ng cp phi, ng nha, )
b) Cng tc lm mt ng st

* Phng php tnh: T cc bn v tng ng, cc ch dn
k thut v cc bng thng k trong h s thit k ta tnh ra
tin lng xy lp

c) Cng tc lm sn: sn b tng, sn gch tu, sn b tng
gch v,..

III./ TNH TIN LNG MT CNG TRNH XY DNG
2) Trnh t tnh ton tin lng xy lp cc cng tc:
A) Phn mng:
1 Cng tc t (o, p t nn mng)
2 Cng tc b tng: b tng lt, b tng mng
3 Cng tc ct thp: gia cng lp t thp
4 Cng tc vn khun
5 Cng tc xy
6 Cng tc trt, lng phn c mng
7 Cng tc lp mng, san nn
1) Cc bc tin hnh tnh tin lng:
Cn nghin cu bn v t tng th n chi tit nm
chc cu to cc b phn ca cng trnh. S lin quan cc
b phn vi nhau xc nh c cc khi lng cn
tnh ton.
B) Phn h, rnh
1 Cng tc t
2 Cng tc b tng:
3 Cng tc ct thp
4 Cng tc vn khun
5 Cng tc xy
6 Cng tc trt, lng
7 Cng tc qut vi, sn
C) Phn thn nh:
1 Cng tc vn khun
2 Cng tc ct thp
3 Cng tc b tng
4 Cng tc xy
5 Cng tc trt, lng, lt, p
6 Cng tc qut vi, b matt, sn
7 Cng tc lp t h thng in
8 Cng tc lp t h thng cp thot nc
D) Phn mi:
1 Lm mi bng
+ Kiu dng
+ Xy tng mi
+ Trt p, qut vi
+ Chng thm
+ Chng nng
2 Lm mi dc:
+ V ko, x g, cu phong
+ Lp mi, xy b
+ Sn
Ty tng cng trnh c th m ta tnh cc cng tc. Trc khi
tnh ton cn lit k y cc cng tc v xp xp theo trnh
t trn
3) Tnh ton v trnh by kt qu vo bng tin lng:
- V quy cch: cn ghi y , chnh xc quy cch ca
tng loi cng tc, khng hn ch s dng ng vi 1 quy
cch ca mt khi lng cng tc ta ghi 1 s th t

- Phn din gii cch phn tch khi lng tnh ton cn
ghi r d kim tra theo di

- Cc kch thc ghi trong bng tin lng l kch thc
tht c tnh ton nhng khng cn trnh by cc
kch thc trong bng.

TT Tn cng vic S
lng
Kch thc Khi lng
n
v
Di Rng Cao Tng
phn
Ton
phn
A Phn mng
1 o t mng 4 m3 1,4 1,2 1,5 2,52 10,08
2 Lp t mng
3 Ct pha mng
4 Ct thp mng
5 B tng lt
mng
6 B tng mng
B Phn thn
1 Ct pha
2 Ct thp
3 B tng
4
CHNG 3: D TON NHU CU VT LIU, NHN CNG, XE MY THI CNG
I./ VAI TR CA VIC XC NH D TON NHU CU VT
LIU, NHN CNG, XE MY
2) C s lp d ton vt liu, nhn cng v xe my thi
cng
- Khi lng cng tc ca cng trnh (tin lng)
- nh mc d ton xy dng c bn

1) Tc dng ca cng tc d ton nhu cu vt liu, nhn
cng xe my thi cng
- D ton vt liu nhn cng, my thi cng l c s n v
xy lp lp k hoch cung ng vt t, k thut, k hoch t
chc thi cng iu ng nhn lc xe my thi cng
- D ton nhu cu vt liu, nhn cng my thi cng l c s
lp k hoch u t xy dng c bn ca ngnh, ca ch
u

II./ NH MC D TON XY DNG C BN
1) Khi nim:
2) Ni dung nh mc d ton xy dng c bn
nh mc d ton xy dng c bn (MDT) do B XD ch
tr cng vi cc b chuyn ngnh nhin cu xy dng v ban
hnh. MDT l nh mc KTKT xc nh mc hao ph cn
thit v vt liu, nhn cng v my thi cng hon thnh 1
n v khi lng xy lp
a) Mc hao ph vt liu: l s lng vt liu chnh ph lun
chuyn cn thit cho vic thc hin hon thnh khi lng
xy lp
- Mc hao vt vt liu chnh c quy nh bng s lng
theo n v thng nht tng loi trn c nc
- Mc hao vt vt liu ph c quy nh bng t l % vt
liu chnh

b) Mc hao ph lao ng: s cng ca cng nhn trc tip
thc hin 1 n v khi lng t chun b n hon tt. Mc
hao ph c tnh bng s ngy cng theo cp bc ca cng
nhn
c) Mc hao ph my thi cng:

3) Quy nh p dng:
- nh mc c p dng lp n gi xy dng c bn, l
c s lp d ton xy lp cng trnh
- Trng hp nhng loi cng tc xy lp m yu cu k
thut v iu kin thi cng khc vi quy nh trong nh mc
d ton th ch u t n v t vn cn c vo h s thit
k, cc nh mc tng t lp nh mc n gi ph hp
cho vic lp d ton v trnh c quan thm quyn ban hnh.

L s ca s dng my thi cng trc tip phc v xy lp
- Mc hao ph my thi cng chnh tnh bng s lng ca my s dng.
- Mc hao ph my thi cng ph khc tnh bng t l % trn chi ph s dng my chnh
III./ TNH TON NHU CU VT LIU, NHN CNG, MY THI CNG
1) Xc nh nhu cu vt liu, NC, MTC
Nhu cu vt liu, nhn cng, xe my thi cng giai
on TKKT. Xc nh theo ti liu TKKT v nh mc d ton
tng hp
Nhu cu vt liu, nhn cng, xe my thi cng giai
on TKTC k k thut Xc nh theo ti liu TKTC v nh
mc d ton chi tit
* Yu cu khi xc nh tng loi nhu cu
- /v vt liu: cn xc nh r s lng, n v, chng loi,
quy cch
- /v nhn cng: xc nh r s lng cng cho tng loi
th, ph
- /v my thi cng xc nh ca my cho tng loi

2) Cch tra cu bn nh mc d ton
nh mc d ton c 18 chng, mi chng c 1 s tit
nh mc, mi tit nh mc u c 2 phn
- Thnh phn cng vic
- Bng nh mc v cc khon hao ph

3) Tng hp nhu cu vt liu nhn cng my thi cng cho ton cng trnh
T
T
S
hiu
nh
mc
Loi cng
tc xy lp

n v
Khi
ln
g
Vt liu s
dng
Nhn
cng
My thi
cng
XM Gc
h
Vi L N Trn m
1
2
Cng
Bng 1: Bng phn tch, nhn cng, my thi cng
Bng 2: Bng tng hp nhu cu nhn cng
TT Tn chng loi quy cch n v S lng Ghi ch
Bng 3: Bng tng hp nhu cu my thi cng
TT Loi my n v S lng Ghi ch
CHNG 4: LP D TON CNG TRNH
I./ CC CN C LP D TON CNG TRNH
a) Khi nim
- n gi xy dng c bn l ch tiu kinh t k thut tng
hp xc nhnhng chi ph trc tip (vt liu, nhn cng,
my thi cng) hay ton b chi ph x hi cn thit hon
thnh mt n v khi lng cng tc
Trong xy dng, n gi xy dng c bn c dng
xc nh d ton cng trnh, lm cn c lp k hoch v
qun l vn u t xy dng, c s dng nh gi v
mt kinh t ti chnh ca h s d thu
VD: n gi 1 m3 xy tng gch 4 l 8x8x18cm bao gm
ton b chi ph tnh bng tin ca
- Vt liu: gch, xi mng, ct
- Nhn cng: lng ca cng nhn
- My thi cng: chi ph s dng my trn, vn chuyn
1) n gi xy dng c bn
b) Phn loi n gi xy dng c bn
VD: Ton b chi ph trc tip (vt liu, nhn cng, my
thi cng v cc chi ph chung, li, thu hon thnh 1
m2 sn.
* Phn loi theo mc tng hp v yu cu xc lp d ton
- n gi xy dng c bn chi tit:
- n gi xy dng c bn tng hp: l n gi trong
bao gm nhng chi ph trc tip, chi ph chung, li v thu
tnh trn mt khi lng cng tc xy lp tng hp c
xc nh trn c s gi xy dng chi tit hoc nh mc
d ton tng hp
n gi xy dng c bn tng hp c s dng
lp tng d ton cng trnh theo thit k k thut
- n gi xy dng cng trnh:
+ Nhm A: Do B Xy dng ban hnh da trn s thng
nht, tha thun vi cc ban ngnh, a phng
+ Nhm khc: Do cc b ngnh,tnh xt duyt c s tha
thun ca B Xy dng
- n gi xy dng d thu: l n gi xy dng c bn
c lp ring cho tng cng trnh. N cn c vo iu
kin v bin php thi cng c th, cc nh mc kinh t,
k thut bin php t chc thi cng ca tng nh thu v
mc gi c th trng (c s gi hp ng giao nhn
thu)
- n gi xy dng ca tnh, thnh ph: Do ch tch tnh
ban hnh, n gi ny dng lp chi tit cng trnh xy
dng giai on TKTC hoc xc nh tng d ton
theo TKKT-TC (TK 1 bc)
* Phn loi theo phm vi s dng
- nh mc d ton xy dng c bn ban hnh theo cc
quyt nh ca B Xy dng
- Bng gi d ton ca my v thit b ban hnh theo cc
quyt nh ca B Xy dng
- Bng lng A6 km theo ngh nh 05/CP ngy 26/01/1994
- Thng bo gi vt liu n chn cng trnh theo mt bng
gi ca lin S Xy dng Ti chnh Vt gi
c) C s lp n gi xy dng c bn
d) Ni dung chi ph trong n gi xy dng c bn
* Vi n gi XDCB chi tit
- Chi ph vt liu: l cc gi tr vt liu chnh, ph cn thit
hon thnh 1 n v khi lng cng tc
- Chi ph nhn cng: Chi ph lng ca cng nhn hon
thnh 1 n v khi lng cng tc
- Chi ph my thi cng: Chi ph s dng my mc hon
thnh 1 n v khi lng cng tc.
* Vi n gi tng hp
- Ngoi ni dung chi ph vt liu, nhn cng, my xy dng
cn phi tnh chi ph chung, li v thu.
2) Gi tnh theo mt n v din tch
- L ch tiu xc nh chi ph xy lp bnh qun hon thnh mt
n v din tch ca cng trnh. Gi c tnh ton t gi tr d
ton trc thu ca cc cng tc kt cu xy lp trong phm vi
cng trnh.
3) nh mc cc chi ph, ph, l ph tnh theo t l
a) Chi ph chung
Ni dung gm:
- Chi ph qun l hnh chnh: ton b chi ph m bo hot ng
nh lng, cng tac ph, in nc, ..
- Chi ph phc v cng nhn: chi ph phc v nhn cng trc tip
cha tinh vo chi phi nhn cng nh bo him, BHLD, ..
- Chi ph phc v thi cng: chi ph phc v qu trnh thi cng, ci
tin k thut, y nhanh tin thi cng
- Chi ph chung khc: chi ph khon pht sinh c tnh cht phc v
doanh nghip nh bi dng nghip v, hc tp, hi hp
nh mc chi ph chung: tnh bng t l % so vi chi ph nhn
cng

b) Thu nhp chu thu tnh trc v thu gi tr gia tng
- Thu nhp chu thu tnh trc: c s dng np thu thu
nhp doanh nghip v mt s chi ph phi np khc. Thu nhp
chu thu tnh trc c tnh bng t l % so vi chi ph trc tip
v chi ph chung quy nh theo tng loi do B Xy dng ban
hnh
- Thu gi tr gia tng (VAT): tnh bng t l % i vi cng tc xy
dng v lp t
c) Cc ph, l ph, cc bng gi
- Chi ph n b t ai nh ca trn mt bng xy dng, chi ph
phc v cng tc ti nh c. Theo cc quy nh ca chnh ph
- Tin thu t hoc chuyn quyn s dng t
- L ph a chnh, l ph khc, thu, bo him
d) Cc ti liu
Bo co nghin cu kh thi, h s TKKT, TKBVTC, TKKTTC,
Khi lng cng tc ph hp vi cc danh mc nh mc, ...
II./ PHNG PHP LP D TON CNG TRNH
1) Tng d ton cng trnh
- Cng trnh xy dng c yu cu k thut cao, iu kin a
cht phc tp phi thc hin TKKT trc khi TKTC th tng
d ton lp theo TKKT

- Cc cng trnh c k thut n gin, c TK mu ch ch
thc hin TKKT TC th TDT lp theo TKKT-TC

* Ch ph xy lp:

- Cng trnh c yu cu phc tp c TK 2 bc: TKKT, TKTC
th chi ph XL tnh theo TKKT

- Cng trnh ch thc hin TKKT-TC th chi ph XL tnh theo
TKKT-TC

- Cng trnh thng dng th chi ph XD xc nh trn c s
tng din tch sn
a) Nguyn tc lp tng d ton
* Ch ph thit b:
- Chi ph TB c xc nh theo s lng tng loi TB.
Trong gi gm gi mua, phi ch vn chuyn, lu kho, ...
* Chi ph khc:
- Nhm xc nh theo t l % gm CP Tk, CP QLDA, CP, l
ph thm nh v TV khc
- Nhm xc nh bng cch lp d ton cc loi CP nh KS
XD, Qung co, o to, thu chuyn gia, n b TC, ...
* D phng ph: M d phng trong tng d ton tnh bng
10% trn tng chi ph xy lp, thit b v chi ph khc
- Chi ph xy lp (G
XL
)
- Chi ph thit b (G
TB
)
- Chi ph khc (G
K
)
- Chi ph d phng (G
DP
)
Tng d ton xc nh: G
TDT
= G
XL
+ G
TB
+ G
K
+ G
DP

i) Tnh ga tr d ton xy lp:
* Cc ti liu cn thit:
- Bo co nghin cu kh thi c duyt
- H s TKKT
- Khi lng cng tc xy lp tnh t h s TKKT
- Thit k mt bng thi cng tng th
- n gi xy dng chi tit do ch tch UBND tnh ban
hnh
- Gi tnh cho mt n v din tch hay mt n v cng
sut s dng
- Cc ch chnh sch lin quan n XDCB
b) Phng php v trnh t lp tng d ton:
* Phng php tnh d ton:
) 1 (
1
XL
GTGT
n
i
i
XL XL
T g G + =

=
ii) Tnh gi tr d ton mua sm thit b
* Ti liu cn thit
- Bo co nghin cu kh thi c duyt
- Danh mc v s lng cc thit b cn lp t
- Gi mua cc thit b
- Gi cc vn ti bc xp
- nh mc chi ph tnh theo t l ca cc cng tc bo
dng
- Cc ch , chnh sch lin quan
g
i
XL
: gi tr d ton xy lp trc thu ca hng mc
th I
T
XL
GTGT
: mc thu xut, thu GTGT
* Phng php tnh:
) 1 (
1
TB
GTGT i
n
i
i TB
T M Q G + =

=
Q
i
: trng lng (tn) hoc s lng (ci)
M
i
: Gi tnh cho 1 tn hoc 1 ci thit b th I ca cng
trnh
M
i
=m
i
+ n
i
+ k
i
+ v
i
+ h
i
m
i
: gi tr ca thit b th i ni mua
n
i
: Ch ph vn chuyn 1 tn hoc 1 ci
k
i
: chi ph lu kho ca 1 tn
v
i
: chi ph bo qun, bo dng ca 1 tn
h
i
: thu v ph bo him thit b th I
T
TB
GTGT
: mc thu sut, thu GTGT
iii) Tnh chi ph khc
* Ti liu cn thit
- Bo co nghin cu kh thi
- H s TKKT hoc TKKTTC
- Thit k mt bng thi cng tng th
- Bng gi kho st, thit k,
- Cc vn bn thng t, chnh sch lin quan
* Phng php tnh



T
k
GTGT
: mc thu xut, thu GTGT
B
i:
gi tr ca khon mc th i thuc nhm chi ph, l ph tnh theo
%
C
i
: gi tr ca khon mc th i thuc nhm chi ph khc tnh bng
cch lp d ton
) 1 ( ) (
1 1
k
GTGT
m
j
i
m
i
i k
T x C B G + + =

= =
iv) Tnh chi ph d phng:
- Chi ph xy lp (G
XL
)
- Chi ph thit b (G
TB
)
- Chi ph khc (G
K
)
- Chi ph d phng (G
DP
)

G
DP
= (G
XL
+ G
TB
+ G
K
) x 10%
c) H s biu mu lp tng d ton:
i) H s biu mu tng d ton:
- T trnh xin ph duyt tng d ton
- Bn thuyt minh tng d ton
- Biu tng hp d ton, cc biu tng hp ring tng khon
mc
ii) Biu mu tng d ton
TT Khon mc chi ph Gi tr
trc thu
Thu VAT Gi tr sau
thu
1 Chi ph xy lp G
XL

2 Chi ph thit b G
TB

3 Chi ph khc
- Giai on chun b u t
- Giai on thc hin u t
- Giai on kt thc a d
n vo khai thc s dng
4 Chi ph d phng G
DP

Tng cng: (1+2+3+4) G
TDT

BIU TNG HP D TON (BIU S 1 TDT)
Ngy . thng nm.
Tn cng trnh:

BIU TNG HP CHI PH XY LP (BIU S 2 TDT)
Ngy . Thng .nm.
Tn cng trnh: ..
TT Tn hng mc cng
trnh
Gi tr d
ton trc
thu
Thu VAT Gi tr d
ton sau
thu
1 Hng mc
..
2 Hng mc
..
3 Hng mc
..
Tng cng G
XL

Ngi tnh Ngi kim tra C
quan lp
BIU TNG HP CHI PH THIT B (BIU S 3 TDT)
Ngy . Thng .nm.
Tn cng trnh: ..
Ngi tnh Ngi kim tra C
quan lp
TT Tn Thit B n
v
S
lng
Gi
mua
Thnh
tin
TB
Chi ph
vn
chuyn
Chi
ph
lu
kho
CP
bo
qun
Ph
bo
him
Tng
gi tr
trc
thu
Thu
VAT
Tng
gi tr
sau
thu
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
I Thit b phi
lp
II Thit b khng
phi lp
III Thit b phi tiu
chun phi gia
cng
BIU TNG HP CHI PH KHC (BIU S 4 TDT)
Ngy . Thng .nm.
Tn cng trnh: ..
Ngi tnh Ngi kim tra C
quan lp
Cc khon chi ph khc Gi tr
trc thu
Thu VAT Gi tr sau
thu
1. Giai on chun u t
2. Giai on thc hin u t
3. Giai on kt thc xy dng a d n
vo khai thc s dng
Tng cng G
k

BIU TNG HP CHI PH KHC (BIU S 4 TDT)
Ngy . Thng .nm.
Tn cng trnh: ..
Ngi tnh Ngi kim tra C
quan lp
TT Loi cng tc n
v
Khi lng cng tc Tng
cng
HM 1 HM2 HM3 HM4 vv MN n
I o p t
1 o t
2 p t
II Cng tc ng
cc
1 ng cc tre
2 ng cc g
2) Phng php lp d ton xy lp chi tit cc hng muc cng
trnh
a) Nguyn tc v phng php tnh
- Gi tr d ton XL (sau thu) = Gi tr d ton XL (trc
thu) + thu VAT
- Gi tr d ton XL (trc thu) = chi ph trc tip + chi ph
chung + thu nhp chu thu tnh trc
- Chi ph trc tip= chi ph vt liu + chi ph nhn cng + chi
ph my thi cng:
- Chi ph nhn cng: gm tin lng v cc khon ph cp
- Chi ph vt liu: n gi tnh theo mc do lin S XD v ti
chnh vt gi ban hnh
- Chi ph my thi cng: tnh theo bng d ton ca my v
thit b XD ban hnh theo Q ca B XD
- Chi ph chung: tnh bng t l % so vi chi ph nhn cng
trong d ton XL
- Thu nhp chu thu tnh trc: tnh bng t l % so vi chi
ph trc tip v chi ph chung quy nh theo tng loi cng
trnh
BIU TNH CC THNH PHN CHI PH TRC TIP THEO N GI
Tn cng trnh:
Din tch s dng:
Cc cn c lp

TT S
hiu
n
gi
Tn cng
vic

n
v
Khi
ln
g
n gi Thnh tin
VL NC M VL NC M
1 ......... o t
mng
2 .........
Cng
BIU TNH CC THNH PHN CHI PH TRC TIP THEO N GI
Tn cng trnh:
Din tch s dng:
Cc cn c lp

VL
m
j
jvl j
CL xD Q +

=1
NC
n n
m
j
jnc j
xK
h
F
h
F
x xD Q
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +

= 2
2
1
1
1
1
MTC
m
j
jm j
xK xD Q

=1
STT Khon mc chi ph Cch tnh Kt qu
I Chi ph trc tip
1 Chi ph vt liu VL
2 Chi ph nhn cng NC
3 Chi ph my thi cng M
Cng chi ph trc tip VL + NC + M T
II Chi ph chung P x NC C
III Thu nhp chu thu tnh trc (T+C) x t l quy nh TL
Gi tr d ton xy lp trc thu (T+C+TL) g
XL

IV Thu gi tr gia tng u ra G
XL
x T
XL
GTGT
VAT
Gi tr d ton xy lp trc thu (T+C+TL) + VAT G
XL

CHNG 5: THANH QUYT TON VN U T XY DNG C BN CNG
TRNH HON THNH
I./ THANH TON KHI LNG THC HIN HAY CNG
TRNH HON THNH
- Chi ph xy dng

- Chi ph thit b

- Chi ph n b gii phng mt bng, ti nh c;

- Chi ph qun l d n v chi ph khc;

- Chi ph d phng
1) Nguyn tc chung:
2) iu kin khi lng XDCB thc hin c cp vn
thanh ton
- Khi lng xy lp thc hin ca cng trnh, c trong k
hoch TXD c bn c cp c thm quyn ph duyt

- C bin bn nghim thu, bn giao theo ng quy nhhin
hnh ca nh nc

- C phiu nh gi thanh ton c lp tng ng vi khi
lng thc hin trn c s n gi thng nht v ch
chnh sch do NN quy nh
a) i vi xy lp
b) i vi xy lp
- Cc thit b my mc cn lp t v khng cn lp t c
trong danh mc thit b u t phi c trong k hoch
TXD c bn c cp c thm quyn ph duyt, c hp
ng mua bn, gia cng thit b

- Mi ln thc hin xong cc bc cng vic, vn chuyn
bc xp, bo qun, gia cng

- C phiu nh gi thanh ton c lp tng ng vi
khi lng thc hin trn c s n gi thng nht v
ch chnh sch do NN quy nh
PHN LAI BN V THEO M T K THUT
i vi bn v nh dn dng cng nghip, ta c th chia loi bn v theo ni dung ca
bn v nh sau:
1. Bn v kin trc
a. Tng mt bng
b. Mt bng
c. Mt ng
d. Mt bng mi
e. Mt ct
f. Chi tit
2. Bn v kt cu
a. Mt bng mng ct
b. Mt bng sn
c. Chi tit sn
d. Chi tit kt cu khc
3. Bn v in
a. S nguyn l in
b. Mt bng b tr in
4. Bn v nc
a. S Khng gian
b. Mt bng b tr nc
n v tnh tin lng cho cc cng tc Sau y l trnh
t cc cng tc cn tnh khi lng v n v tnh khi
lng thng dng
1. o p t : m3
2. Nn mng, nn nh, h rnh : m2, md
3. B tng cc loi: m3
4. Ct thp cc loi: tn
5. Ct pha cc loi: m2 hoc 100m2
6. Xy tng cc loi: m2 hoc m3
7. V ko, x g: ci hoc tn, m3
8. Lp mi: m2
9. Trt tng: m2
10. Trn: m2

11. Lng nn: m2
12. Lt, p gch: m2
13. Lp t hoc sn xut ca: m2 hoc b
14. Sn vi: m2
15. ng cc loi: m hoc 100m
16. Dy dn in cc loi: m hoc 100m
17. Thit b in, v sinh: ci hoc b
18. Vn chuyn: cng hoc 10m, 100m, km