Engineer Training

Train the Trainer

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Agenda
Structuring a training session
Adult Learning (know your audience)
Presentation Skills
Practice presentation
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Structuring a Training Session


When presentations are poorly organized, the impact of the
message is reduced, and the audience is less likely to learn.
POINT
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Structuring a Training Session (cont.)
Modular
Builds on one another
From easy to harder
For each subject
Presentation
Demonstration
Hands on practice
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Structuring a Training Session
Introduction
Main
presentation
Summary
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Overview/Introduction
Introduces the lecture topics
Main points
Quick road map of information
Gets the attention and interest
Helps in organizing the material
Informs of agenda
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An Effective Introduction
Keep it brief
Dont go into details of lecture
Set the objectives
Set expectations
Relate to prior knowledge
Try to get attention
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Main Presentation
Logical flow
Every point leads to the next.
Dont jump from one topic to other.
Connect the points.
Explain the details
Use simple words.
Use graphics when needed.
Use Examples
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Main Presentation (Cont.)
Use Syllabus.
Refer to Handouts.
Answer only content relevant questions.
Refer others to later.
Ask questions.
Dont read from slides.
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Summary/Conclusion
Reinforces message
Summary of main points
A closing grabber
Provides a sense of closure
Time for questions & answers
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Effective Conclusion
End with a bang, not a whimper!!!
Dont give new information.
Only review points.
Review process/steps.
Refer to your introduction.
When summarizing a module, show where it fits in the big
picture.
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Demonstrating
Demonstrate workflow.
Highlight main features.
Make sure all students can see.
Do it slowly!!!
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Hands on Practice
I hear and I forget.
I see and I retain.
I DO and I UNDERSTAND.
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Hands on Practice
Practice makes better!
Insist on students completing
exercises.
Instructor looks over shoulders to
offer help.
Dont DO IT for them.
NO, on the
computer
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Questions and Answers
Listen to the entire question.
Repeat the question out loud.
Pause to think if needed.
Credit the person.
Respond to the question.
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The Answer!
Always tell the truth!!!
If you dont know the answer, promise to research.
Get back to trainee with answer.
Answer directly.
Simple answer to simple question.
Stay on track, brief and to the point.
Refer to your speech.
Helps reinforce & clarify presentation.
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Questions and Answers (Cont.)
Anticipate areas of questioning and prepare.
Acknowledge every question.
If not appropriate, postpone.
?
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Problem Solving
Investigate (the problem)
Acknowledge
Formulate solution
Respond
Follow up
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Other Factors...
Time constraints
Daily schedule
Breaks
Lunch
No interruptions!
Have all students present.
Do NOT
Disturb
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Class Set up
Define setup in advance.
Be early.
Set up class with appropriate computers and applications.
Set up files and training materials.
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Training Material
User Guide/Care & Maintenance Guide
Technical notes
Installation Guide
Relevant drawings
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Summary
How should it be?
Adult Learning
Know Your
Audience
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Table of Contents
Course audience
Understanding different learning styles
Culture differences
Motivation
Information processing
Preventing learner overload
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Know Your Audience
Key principle of a successful presentation.
Preparation must include gathering information about
your audience and their needs.
A well prepared speech given to the wrong
audience can have the same effect as a poorly
prepared speech given to the correct audience. They
both can fail terribly.
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Know your A-u-d-i-e-n-c-e
Analysis - Who are they? How many will be there?
Understanding - What is their prior knowledge?
Demographics - What is their age, sex, background?
Interest - Why are they there? Who asked them?
Environment - Where will I stand? Can they all see?
Needs - What are their needs? What are your needs?
Customized - What specific needs to address?
Expectations - What do they expect to learn or hear?
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Know your Audience
Who is your audience?
What are their objectives?
What is their prior knowlegde?
What are their expectations?
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Learning Styles
Individuals perceive and process information in very different
ways.
How much individuals learn has more to do with whether the
educational experience is geared toward their particular style of
learning than whether or not they are "smart.
Educators should not ask, "Is this student smart?" but rather
"How is this student smart?"
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Culture Differences
Be aware!
Learn and prepare in advance.
Adapt as much as possible.
Customize to local needs.
Be patient and ask for
patience.
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Adult Learning
Issues Affecting Adult Learning:
Learners Motivation
Information Processing
Applying Knowledge
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Learners Motivation
ARCS model - Kellers (1987)
Getting learners Attention
Keeping instruction Relevant
Giving learners Confidence they can learn
Maintaining interest by providing Satisfaction
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Information Processing Elements
Before you start
Prior Knowledge
Objectives
Gain Attention
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Information Processing Elements
(Cont.)
Presentation
Course Overview
Focus Attention
Level of Presentation
Organize Material
Transferring to Long Term Memory
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Information Processing
How would you cope with a
learner that does not understand your explanation?
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Preventing Learner Overload
What is learner overload?
Why does it occur?
Learners need to process information.
Learners cannot hold large amount of information in working
memory.
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Preventing Learner Overload -
Suggestions
Talk simply and explain more.
Incorporate key learning points into notes.
Do less while participants do more.
Chunk training and distribute it over time.
Give new learners training wheels.
Detect and remedy overload situation.
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Coping with Difficult Trainees
Involve participants.
Acknowledge trainees ideas.
Dont get personal - be objective.
Dont give in to personal attackers - stick to the facts.
Enlist other trainees help if it is disruptive to them as well.
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Summary
Learner centered instruction
Objectives
Needs
Expectations
Motivation
Prior knowledge
Personality type
Learning Style
Learning Capacity
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Effective Customer Relations
Listen to your customers -
Then talk
Presentation Skills
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List the elements that influence a presentation.
What Is a Winning Presentation?
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Table of Contents
Overview
Before You Begin...
Using your Voice
Body Language Skills
Language and Style
Demonstrating aids
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Communication is...
Verbal (content)
Vocal (How it is said)
Visual (What is seen)
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Communication Success
7% VERBAL
55% VISUAL
38% VOCAL
Psychologist Albert Mehrabian
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Before You Begin...
There are two types of speakers, those that are nervous, and those
that are Liars. (Mark Twain)
Prepare
Positive self-messages
Attitude towards yourself, teaching, material, audience
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Prepare
9 Ps
Prior Proper Preparation Prevents Poor
Performance of the Person Putting on the
Presentation.
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Preparing Presentations
Know audience.
Know subject matter.
Know training material - Rehearse first 3 minutes.
Prepare room.
Check equipment.
Handouts.
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How Do People Use Their Voice?
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Using your VOICE
Breathing
Projection
Articulation
Volume
Variety
Common Voice problems
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Proper Breathing...
Good Breathing= Good Voice
Relaxes
Frees muscles for good speech
Focuses thoughts
Enables the right attitude
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Projection
Projection
Making yourself understood
Bringing breath forward into sound
Relax muscles and stand erect.
Shouting tires voice, causes hoarseness.
Projection gives POWER.
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Articulation
Articulation - making yourself understood.
Every sound is clearly heard.
Articulate with consonants = t,d,p,b,v,f,k,c,g
Enunciate with Vowels = A, I,O,E,U
TIP! Consonants lost over distance Exaggerate!
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Variety
Add excitement, enthusiasm by varying:
Pitch - tone
Adds impact and drama.
Pace
Pause
Volume
Change for significant information or new mood.
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Common Voice Problems
Nervousness
Swallowed voice - Mumbling
Thinking Noises: Um, Ah, Er
Lip smacking
Shouting
Speaking too fast or slow
Monotone
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Body Language Skills
Total body as a communication vehicle
Eye Contact
Hands and Arms
Dress
Gestures
Facial expression
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Eye-to-Eye Communication
Engages audience, gains attention, improves impression,
provides feedback.
HOW?
Connect with audience, one person at a time.
Look directly.
Move eyes after 3-5 seconds.
Speak to everyone.
Do not shift gaze - left to right.
Talk to audience not screen, projector, ceiling.
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Facial Communication
Vary facial expression - put emotion into speaking.
Dont forget to SMILE!
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Using Your Hands and Arms
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Using Your Hands and Arms
HOW ?
Become conscious.
Do not grip things or hands.
Natural movements.
Eliminate irritating movements.
Jingling keys, waving, tapping.
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Dress
BE:
Comfortable
Appropriate
Yourself
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Using Language and Style
Be Specific.
Explain ambiguities.
Use simple words.
Watch Abbreviations & Acronyms.
Active voice.
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Language and Style
Watch:
Grammar faults
Jargon
Slang
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Spicing Up your speech
Introduce:
Examples
Questions
Case studies
Stories
Humor
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Demonstrating
WHAT TO DO?
Tell them what you are going to do.
Demo it, or get class member to demo.
Tell them what you have done.
HOW?
Project voice, Speak slowly.
Maintain eye contact with audience.
Only look at screen when needed.
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Demonstrating - Tips and Tricks
DO:
Make sure EVERY member can see the demonstration.
Face and speak to audience, not monitor or machine.
Use pointer to highlight items.
Stand to the side.
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Demonstrating - Do NOT
Block line of sight to screen.
Create shadows.
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Summary - Winning Presentations
Use your voice correctly
Breathing, being heard, being understood, variety.
Use your body
Eye contact, expression, hands and arms, gestures, dress.
Use correct language.
Keep the audience interested.
Demonstrate effectively.