Andhra Capital Detailed Document

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MAKING VISAKHAPATNAM AND

TIRUPATI /KURNOOL/KADAPA
AS SEEMANDHRA CAPITALS

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Table of contents

Sr. no Content Page no.
1 Introduction 3
2 Why Hyderabad should not be a Joint capital for long? 3
3 What makes a capital? 3
4 Ongole 4
5 Seismic hot spots in Andhra Pradesh 5
6 Five seismic zones 6
7 five seismic zones 6
8 Loose soil: Bapatla belt to lose capital race 9
9 Kurnool 10
10 Rajahmundry 11
11 Vijayawada-Guntur 13
12 Gannavaram Airport project hits a roadblock 15
13 Tirupati 17
14 Visakhapatnam 18
15 Do AP Need a New Capital built from Scratch ? 22
16 WHAT SHALL BE AND WHERE SHALL BE THE FUTURE AP TO BE SET
UP?
23
17 Administrative city 1- A Case for Rayalaseema 24
18 Administrative city-2- A case for Uttarandhra 24
19 Metro Rail 32
20 Proposed MRT corridors 33
21 Visakhapatnam as Administrative city 2 34
22 land usage in greater visakhapatnam municipal corporation in the
year 2010
36

Disclaimer: The author do not have any interest in any of the locations mentioned in the
report, this report is made out of sheer passion and is based on actual information, scientific
study, logic and reasoning.
A note to the committee
"Unfortunately there are many lobby groups in AP whose single point agenda is to amass
wealth at the cost of rest of the people and the interests of the State. Hence committee is
requested to go through the issue impartially and come up with the right solution based on
merits and keeping balanced regional development into consideration by taking into account
aspirations of backward regions of Rayalaseema and Uttarandhra reigons as well else it may
lead to further disintegration of the residual state of Andhra Pradesh".
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Introduction
In the present scenario the tussle in AP is for capital. Since major investment and interest is
focused only around capital, hence, there is some intense lobbying going on about state
capital. However, most Seemadhra people couldnt come out from the severe and rude
shock they got with of formation of 29
th
State called as Telangana with Hyderabad as joint
capital for 10 years before AP deciding on new capital. If we analyse many the so called
state capitals like Bhubaneswar, Patna, Lucknow, Shimla, Dehradun, Raipur, Bhopal,
Shillong, Guwahati, Aizwal, Imphal, Kohima, Itanagar, Panaji, Chandigarh, Bhopal, etc, places
like Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada-Guntur and Tirupati in the residual AP are better endowed
compared to those capitals cities. As of now 6 cities are vying to become the capital. Before
discussing about pros and cons of each location, I shall discuss why Hyderabad shouldnt be
accepted as a joint Capital for a long time then I shall put forth the criteria for ideal capital
city in Seemandhra and then finally pros and cons of each location.

Why Hyderabad should not be a Joint capital for long?
There is a perception among many people in AP that there is no place worth other than Hyderabad to be
a capital. My question to all of them is what makes a city a capital? This is answered in my subsequent
paragraph. The following are the reasons why Hyderabad shouldnt be a joint capital for long.
1. It is geographically far off from Seemandra and the nearest point to Seemandra border is
150 km and due to geographical distance it is not feasible to control a state away from its
States borders its like London controlling India during British period.
2. Hyderabad shall overshadow the development of Rest of Seemandhra with focus again on
Hyderabad and claims over which shall have to be foregone in future.
3. Why should AP government pay for economic growth of Hyderabad when they have to
forego the claims in future? The Govt. of AP should identify the capital immediately and
start building the infrastructure immediately.
4. It shall be an insult to the Pride and self respect of Seemandhra people if we still hang on
to the Hyderabad. Now that the situation in Hyderabad is polarized and there shall be more
violent attacks on innocent Seemandhra people.
5. The spirit of Seemandra people is indomitable and shall rebound back from any major crisis
and should take the division in a similar manner.
6. It is better in the larger interests of Seemandra.
What makes a capital?
The following are the reasons why a city deserves to be a capital.
1. It has to have a fairly developed infrastructure.
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2. It should be well connected with the rest of the places in the state, country and the world?
3. It should be a hub of business, industry, education and medical facilities and all other support
services.
4. It should be free from law and order problems and free from any kind of communal disturbances.
5. People should be friendly and the place should be conducive for business and development.
6. The capital is the pride of the state and a place that can be best showcased to the world.
7. It should be a place which is worth living and settling.
8. It should have enough lands for its growth and development.

Based on the above factors now let us carefully analyze pros and cons of six locations viz Ongole,
Kurnool, Rajahmundry, Vijayawada-Guntur, Tirupati and Visakhapatnam.
Ongole
It is headquarters of the District by name Prakasam. As per the official census report 2011, the
population of the town is 2, 02,826. Ongole is famous for its Ongolu Gitta (Ongole breed of oxen).
[1]
This
is one of the major Zebu cattle breeds in the world. Till 2009 it was a relatively unknown town in AP.
With the Telangana movement intensifying in 2009 certain vested interests purchased huge tracts of
land at a cheaper rate and are now lobbying for making it as a new capital of Andhra Pradesh.
The following are the reasons that are usually cited as the protagonists of Ongole.
1. Central location in AP and is near to Rayalaseema.
2. A huge chunk of 80,000 acres of government land is available in and around Ongole to build the
capital from the beginning.
3. Land prices being cheaper and hence would make real estate affordable for many people.

However the reasons against Ongole making an ideal capital destination are overwhelming and
is hence not worth considering.
1. It doesnt have any proper infrastructure. Building infrastructure is very costly as well as
time consuming when properly developed cities like Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada-Guntur
and Tirupati are available there is no necessity for developing new and underdeveloped
places like Ongole.
2. Due to its peculiar geographical location ie., being perpendicular to the coast in the event of
any tsunami it shall be worst affected. The similar topography existed in Nagapattanam in
Tamil Nadu and is hence worst affected during the tsunami of 2004. Similarly in AP the
worst effected is Prakasam district in the same 2004 Tsunami.
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3. Ecologically and geologically this region is very fragile and any excess stress on its ecology
and Geology shall lead to adverse reactions to the Human developments sometimes it may
prove to be very costly and putting such a stress is to be avoided. Details of which are
elucidated in the subsequent paragraphs.
4. Prakasam, Nellore, Krishna, East Godavari, West Godavari and Guntur districts are the most
cyclone prone districts in AP. Hence this place shall be frequented with cyclones of high
intensity cyclone and it would be better not to make it as a capital city.( I can attach the
reports at later date)
5. Further Ongole is very vulnerable for floods due to peculiar geographical conditions. Even
the mildest rain shall make it drenched with water due to black cotton soil, which due to its
hydroscopic nature expands rapidly to moisture and shall not let the water to percolate
deeper into the soil and hence place gets flooded and remains muddy most of the time.
6. It is one of the most seismic prone locations. The following article from the leading
newspaper The Hindu is a testimony for it. However putting huge investments in such a
location is a very risky proposition when there are safer locations.

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The revised map of seismic zones in Andhra Pradesh has identified Ongole area as the most earthquake-
prone in this part of the country, instead of the Bhadrachalam belt as was believed earlier.
The map has been revised following fresh research inputs from national institutions like National
Geophysical Research Institution and Geological Survey of India. Based on this map and accompanying
report, the Disaster Management Department is expected to formulate an action plan for vulnerable
areas in tune with the A. V. S. Reddy Earthquake Manual.
FIVE SEISMIC ZONES
While India is divided into five seismic zones depending on the degree of their vulnerability, the entire
north from the Himalayas down to Koyna in Maharashtra, barring a few patches, are rated as
susceptible to quakes with a very high damage risk and accordingly listed in Zone V and IV.
Andhra Pradesh lies on the Peninsular Indian Shield (PSI) long considered as stable and not vulnerable.
The earthquakes of Koyna (1967), Latur (1993) and Jabalpur (1997), however, demolished this theory,
according to the report. Subsequently, a few zones of faults in the crystal layers of the Peninsular region
causing quakes, had been identified, it said.
Many northeast-southwest trending fault-bound basement ridges and depressions traversed by
transverse features like cross-trends have been found, especially in Ongole, Vizianagaram and other
areas. These are likely to cause reactivation with a progressive build up of stress.
The geographical areas of AP fall in Zone I and II where both vulnerability and damage risk is held low.
Ongole area spread over as many as 30 mandals which faced 12 earthquakes in the past 30 years,
including two big ones in 1967 and 1959 with magnitude of 5.4 and 5 on Richter scale, is held as the
most active zone in the State.
FIVE SEISMIC ZONES Eastern Ghats belt and Godavari Valley are found to be tectonically active. A
reference is made to the State's biggest earthquake (5.7) that occurred in Bhadrachalam area of the
Godavari Valley in 1969 when the nearby Kinnerasani reservoir was disturbed. Vizianagaram area of the
Eastern Ghat belt experienced a series of quakes, including one with an intensity of 5.5 in 1917. The
report says if an earthquake with a magnitude of 5 occurs in PSI, it may take even a century for the
stress to build up again.
SEISMICALLY ACTIVE AREAS
Pinapaka, Gundala, Kothagudem, Manuguru, Yellandu and six other mandals in Khammam district
where Bhadrachalam lies, and 10 mandals in Vizianagaram district, including Garividi and Nellimerla, are
listed as seismically very active.
In Hyderabad, Jubilee Hills and Banjara Hills are included in this category along with the neighbouring
areas of Medchal, Shamirpet, Shankarpalli, Serilingampalli, Rajendernagar and Moinabad.
For ready reference refer to the following link.
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/ongole-most-quakeprone-in-
ap/article3318093.ece
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Another testimony is the recent earthquake in Prakasam and Nellore on 8
th
August 2013. The
following is the news report from The Hindu.
Mild tremors in Prakasam, Nellore
Panic-stricken people came out of their houses as mild tremors occurred in and around Lingasamudram
in Prakasam district on Wednesday.
The impact of temblor was experienced in Lingasamudram as also in eight surrounding villages,
Kandukur Revenue Division Officer(RDO) P.Bapi Reddy said.
There were no casualties or major damage to buildings because of the tremor which was felt, in among
other villages, Pentrala, Mogilicherla, Peddapavani and Rallapadu at about 3.20 pm, official sources said.
Nellore Staff Reporter writers: Mild tremors were felt in Vinjamuru, Duttaluru and other villages in
Udayagiri area in the Nellore district at 3.25 p.m. The tremors were of small magnitude , said D.
Srinagesh, head of seismology, National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad. Vinjamuru SI D.
Venkateswara Rao said that a big sound heard before the tremors were felt. No damage was reported.
For confirmation refer to the following link.
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/mild-tremors-in-prakasam-
nellore/article5001736.ece
7. The nearest domestic airport is Gannavaram airport (160km) which takes nothing less than 3 hours to
travel one side and both sides shall take minimum 6 hours. Further the nearest international airport is
Chennai airport which is about 320 km which takes nothing less than 5-6 hours. Why shall an investor or
a higher official or dignitary travel such a long distance that too by road? Rather they shall prefer to
invest in Chennai, Bangalore, Mumbai, Pune, Delhi, Kochi, etc where there is an international airport.
There is news that there is a plan to construct the airport near Ongole the following is the status of it.

ONGOLE: The district administration has finally selected 634 acres on Ongole-Kothapatnam
road 7.5 km from here for location of airport. According to reliable information available
here on Thursday, District Collector K Devanand recommended the land for airport in the
feasibility report he sent to Infrastructure Corporation of Andhra Pradesh Limited (INCAP).
Though the land is beset with several problems, the Collector chose it because the other
two alternative lands were found to be not feasible.

The Government poramboke land to an extent of 634 acres is available between Alur and
Allur villages on Kothapatnam road.

Easy access
Though the land was assigned to poor people two decades ago, they did not occupy it till
now. So the district administration plans to cancel the pattas and alienate the land to INCAP
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for development of airport. The flyover constructed across the Chennai-Vijayawada railway
lines near Ongole station provides easy access from Ongole to the proposed land. A four-
lane road need to be laid over a distance of 7.5 km from the flyover to the airport. The land
is in rectangular shape with length of four km from east to west which would be suitable to
lay the runway for landing of even big aircract.

But it is black soil with a thickness of 18 feet and foundation need to be laid to a depth of
10-15 feet for any structure. Further ground water can not be exploited due to salinity and
poor yield which makes water transport essential. Further, water logging conditions prevail
in the proposed area and heavy logging is expected during monsoon. The land is eight kms
from the sea. The administration had considered two other alternative sites at Gundlapalli
and Tangutur on Chennai-Kolkatta NH No About 700 acres is available with Andhra Pradesh
Industrial Infrastructure Corporation at Gundlapalli and it is accessible not only for Ongole
but also for Guntur, Tenali, Chilakaluripet, Narsaraopet etc and is best suited for airport. But
APIICrefused to part with the land stating that it was acquired for promoting industries.
About 600 acres of private land belonging to tobacco baron Bellam Kotaiah and his family
members is available near Tangutur. He is willing to donate the land on the condition that
the airport be named after him. He is also willing to sell away the land at government rate.
The district administration found both these lands are not feasible. So it recommended
Kothapatnam land despite its inherent weaknesses.

Source http://www.hindu.com/2007/12/21/stories/2007122151350300.htm

8. It is away from business establishments as well as centers of excellence. Added to this is
that it is far from raw material sources. Hence it may not offer any advantage to the
business and industrial establishments.
9. Developing infrastructure in Ongole requires huge investment as well as time and in the
mean time the investors may seek other alternative destinations.
10. It is touted by vested interests who want to make some quick bucks in real estate deals
and are not genuinely interested in the development of AP as well as the welfare of the
citizens of AP. As per reliable sources the land that costed Rs. 4-5 lakhs per acre four years
ago is now costing more than a crore and even the land in the most interior location is
costing Rs. 50 lakhs and if it is declared as the Capital of AP it may be more costlier than any
other location in AP and the advantage of being a cheaper location shall be lost. It shall be
the costliest blunder the Government of AP shall be doing.
11. It has a severe shortage of water especially during summers and added to it is that the
ground water is saline.
12. The soil of this region is loose and is susceptible for soil liquification and
consequently it cant withstand the pressures of larger structures. An article published
in Deccan Chronicle shall bear the testimony.
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Loose soil: Bapatla belt to lose capital race

The soil in those regions may cave in under pressure as it is loose
Hyderabad: Officials might have to think twice before selecting a coastal location as the new
capital for Andhra Pradesh. Studies by scientists from National Geophysical Research Institute
(NGRI) have put the Kakinada to Bapatla belt at a higher risk in the event of calamities while the
Bapatla to Nellore stretch is at moderate risk.
Studies also showed river locations along the Krishna and Godavari to be at moderate risk of
liquefaction. Liquefaction is, in simple terms, caving in of the soil when under pressure. This
happens to loose soil and although it would be fit for initial construction, structures have a heavy
risk of taking a beating in the event of a calamity like an earthquake.
Union rural development minister Jairam Ramesh had recently announced that a five-member
committee comprising experts and administrators would be set up to identify the new capital of
AP.
While the search for a new capital is on, studies by the NGRI have shown that some areas in
coastal regions might not be best suited for installing the new seat of power. This is because of
the high probability of liquefaction in case of a calamity there.The safety factor of these
regions was computed using ground wave velocities.
Scientists concluded that the belt from Kakinada to Bapatla had a low safety factor while that
from Bapatla to Gudur, which includes the Ongole region, had a moderate safety factor. This
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means risk of large-scale destruction during a calamity is higher here.Scientists also said that the
Krishna and Godavari river locations were are at moderate risk.
The study, published by NGRI scientists S. Trupti, K.N.S.S.S.S. Srinivas, P. Pavan Kishore and
chief scientist Dr T. Seshunarayana, identified 27 locations where structural lineaments existed
along the coastal districts. According to scientists, these lineaments play a vital role in causing
damage to structures. These lineaments behave actively causing damage in the form of
liquefaction to the nearest localities and surroundings due to which there is a possibility of threat
to civil engineering structures, the study stated.
http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140326/nation-current-affairs/article/loose-soil-bapatla-belt-
lose-capital-race
Kurnool
Kurnool is a city and administrative seat of Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh state in southern India,
about 212 kilometres (132 mi) south of state capital, Hyderabad. It was the capital city of erstwhile
Andhra state for a very brief period till the formation of Andhra Pradesh in 1956 when Hyderabad
replaced it as the Capital of Andhra Pradesh.
As per provisional data of 2011 census, Kurnool urban agglomeration had a population of 478,124, out
of which males were 239,401 and females were 238,723. The literacy rate was 77.37 per cent.
This city is favoured by few Rayalaseema politicians while there are not many takers for it. It can be
made as an alternative capital in case Tirupati is not the choice.
The following are the pros for it.
1. Capital of erstwhile Andhra state.
2. Largest urban agglomeration in Rayalaseema region.

However the cons are more glaring and insurmountable and they make Kurnool an unviable
option.
1. Underdeveloped infrastructure and it costs a lot of money and time to develop the
infrastructure.
2. It is nerve centre of factional violence and law and order shall be a perennial problem.
3. It doesnt have an airport and the nearest airport is Hyderabad which is 212 km away and it
shall take nothing less than three and half hour travel.
4. It is not conducive for business and development due to law and order situation.
5. Perennial water problem due to lack of water resources, but if planned properly Krishna
river water can be diverted to the city.
6. Geographically it is on one extreme corner of AP and transportation especially through train
is very poorly connected to the rest of AP.
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7. This city does not have proper support infrastructure like higher education, medical and
other support services.

Rajahmundry
Rajahmundry is the largest city in the Godavari districts. Though it is not a district HQ, it is a fairly
developed city. As per 2011 census the population of the city is 343,903. This city has a glorious past
and was seat of power for Chalukyan kings notable among them is Raja Raja Narendra who reigned
around 1022 AD, after whom it is named Rajamahendri or Rajamahendravaram. It remained as a cradle
of Telugu culture and literature and many eminent personalities and men of arts hailed from this place
and this place is hotbed for freedom struggle movement as well as Telugu literature movements.
Whatsoever may be its past it is not a suitable candidate for being a capital of AP.
The following are the pros and cons of the place.
The PROs:
1. Abundant water facilities.
2. It is a railway junction on the busy Chennai-Howrah line as well as NH-5 connecting Kolkata-
Chennai passes through this city.
3. Relatively peaceful city and people are having cosmopolitan outlook.
4. Well connected to rich agricultural hinterland.
5. Well established and thriving business establishments. Its a hub of retail business.
6. People are very enterprising and hard working.
The CONs
1. Fairly underdeveloped infrastructure needed for a capital city.
2. It does not have enough land for expansion. There is a suggestion to utilize 7500 acres of reserve
forest land abutting the city for future capital but it is not feasible due to Forest Act and it
requires clearance from Ministry of Forests and Environment, Government, which is a very
difficult proposition.
3. Though it has a small airport expansion of which is a difficult proposition and as of now it has
two flights a day connecting Hyderabad. The following is a brief about Rajahmundry airport.
The airport was constructed during the British era and is spread over an area of 366 acres. It was
served by Vayudoot between 1985 and 1994 and by VIF Airways in 1995.
[2]
The Andhra Pradesh
government signed a MoU worth Rs. 23 crore with the Airports Authority of India (AAI) in
February 2007 for modernising the airport.
[1]
Works on the new terminal building to
accommodate 150 passengers and control tower were completed in 2011 at a cost of Rs 38
crore. The terminal was inaugurated on 16 May 2012.
[3]
The AAI's plans to extend the existing
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runway from 1,749 metres to 3,000 metres to enable landing of aircraft like the Airbus A320 has
met with resistance from local land-owners.
[4]
Approximately 700 more acres would be needed
for this expansion.
[3]
Limited by runway length, airlines operate smaller 70 seat turbo-
prop aircraft like the ATR-72(Jet Airways)and the Q-400 (SpiceJet) into Rajahmundry. As of now ,
The government sanctioned about 80 crore rupees for its expansion.

4. Though it is a Railway junction it many of the superfast trains dont have a stoppage at
Rajahmundry.
5. There is a rich and fertile agricultural land surrounding Rajahmundry and farmers are generally
reluctant to offer their lands for development and hence are not a place of choice for future
Capital.
6. It is generally prone for flooding during monsoons and this area is frequented with many
cyclones and loses to life and property is a recurring event around the city and this may
temporarily obstruct the Government functioning.
7. Lack of major Government establishments in the city and also the city is congested. Hence it
shall not be a suitable location to locate a state capital.
8. The soil of this region is loose and is susceptible for soil liquification and consequently it cant
withstand the pressures of larger structures. An article published in Deccan Chronicle shall bear the
testimony.

AP.
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lose-capital-race

Vijayawada-Guntur
Vijayawada-Guntur is a moderately big urban agglomeration in the midst the fertile Krishna river
delta. The land and people are rich and can be said as the cradle of Telugu culture. As per 2011
census population of Vijayawada is 10,48,240 and population of Guntur is 6,51,382. Both cities
are about 30km apart and the Krishna River is a major hurdle in the growth of this urban
agglomeration into a megalopolis. Vijayawada, the third largest city in the state of Andhra
Pradesh after Hyderabad and Visakhapatnam, also it is one of the important commercial and
transport centres of the state. The city happened to be the headquarters of the taluk for a long
time and acted as a point of centrality to many of the districts of the state. Over years the city
has grown as a major economic, cultural and administrative nerve centre of coastal Andhra due
to its nodal location as an important railway junction of and, also because of National Highway-5
and National Highway-9 traversing the city. Guntur, one of the largest urban centers of Andhra
Pradesh is located 272km southeast of Hyderabad, the state capital. Geographically, Guntur lies
on 800, 28 latitude and 160, 28 longitude. It is well connected by road and rail to all major
cities of southern India. The city is reputed to be a renowned education center. In addition,
Guntur boasts one of the largest centers of chilly and tobacco trade in this region.

Despite all the ingredients for becoming a Capital city it suffers from major handicaps that act as
a strong repulsive factors to consider it for Capital.

The following are the advantages of Vijayawada-Guntur for making it as a capital.
1. Its central and strategic location.
2. Moderately developed infrastructure.
3. Good connectivity by road and rail. Has a medium sized aerodrome.
4. Being a business hub and rich agricultural wealth with wealthy businessmen and
enterprising industrialists shall make this place an ideal location.
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5. Locals feel that the campus of Acharya Nagarjuna University is suitable to house Legislature,
Secretariat, Raj Bhavan and few Government offices.
The following are the Cons of Vijayawada-Guntur from becoming Capital city.
There is no surplus land for development and further these two cities are around one of the
most fertile places on the earth. In future due to shortage of land available for cultivation,
converting the fertile land into urban land further accentuate the impending food crisis and the
consequence of which shall be high increase in food prices and which shall make the life of
common man more miserable.
The real estate rates are at its peak, purchasing land for any future development shall be a very
costly proposition. This is one of the most repulsive factors for not considering Vijayawada as a
Capital city.
Vijayawada and Guntur is very nerve centre for communal violence especially community
clashes which shall repulse business as well as industrial establishments. Most often people
from this place succeeded elsewhere than within that place due to excessive competition.
It is the hub of radical elements, most of the leaders of Naxal movement hail from this place due
to oppressive human conditions. These radical elements resort to violent modes act as a severe
menace to the law and order situation as well as general public life.
The feeling of superiority and alienation among the people of the city make them hated by
people from other regions. This may not instill confidence and conducive environment for other
regions. They also have a tendency to suppress other regions and would like to thrive at the cost
of other regions.
Certain communities and vested interest groups in this region due to their financial clout,
extreme cohesiveness, camaraderie, cunningness and immorality never let other communities
and regions to survive and thrive at the cost of others and these communities are never good at
working as a team with people from other regions and communities. This tendency has
generated strong feelings and sentiments against them and the present Telangana issue and
violence is an outcome of this tendency.
Most often majority of the people of this region due to their feeling of superiority, cunningness
and discriminative nature don't understand the perspective and problems of others. Their greed
and lust for money and their agenda of amassing wealth most often by unscrupulous and unfair
means may not gel well with people from other regions who are less materialistic, less
ambitious as well as less greedy. This shall always be source of conflict between them and other
regions. Due to this there is a chance for further divisions within the state.
The people of this region may never let the development percolate to other backward regions
like Uttarandhra and Rayalaseema.
Vijayawada Airport is a mid-sized domestic airport serving Vijayawada. Its longest runway is
7,500 feet in length at an elevation of 82 feet. Currently flights run 6 times a day from
Gannavaram to New Delhi, Hyderabad, Chennai, and Bangalore. Due to an increase in air traffic
to this region, Airports Authority of India recently decided to develop and make infrastructural
changes to the airport. Further expansion of Vijayawada airport is hitting a major road block and
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the future expansion of this airport is bleak. For a capital city a major international airport is a
must. For further details the following article published in the Hindu shall elucidate the point.
Gannavaram Airport project hits a roadblock
Published: March 29, 2013 15:29 IST | Updated: March 29, 2013 15:32 IST
Airports Authority of India and the State Government entered into a memorandum of understanding in
2007 for the expansion of Gannavaram Airport, but the chances of the MoU turning into reality are
bleak in near future.
State Infrastructure & Investment, Ports, Airports & Natural Gas Minister Ganta Srinivasa Rao during his
recent visit to the city had announced a Rs.70-crore grant for expansion of the runway and construction
of new terminal building, but State Budget for 2013-14 saw only an allocation of Rs.90 lakh.
This shows the intent of the State Government as 475-acre land acquisition, which is key factor in this
process, cannot be taken up and obviously this is the last nail in the coffin of the six-year-old project.
Road block in the project has been the non-fixing of amicable rate for land acquisition and none of the
public representatives from Krishna district seems interested in furthering this project.
The Gannavaram airport has night-landing facility, Instrument Landing facility, and automated air-traffic
control system is under trial. Once the DGCA gives permission, it will be declared operational.
With all these infrastructure facilities and a great potential of passenger patronage, Gannavaram can
develop into a major international airport.
Experts feel if the runway, which is 7,500 feet now is expanded up to the irrigation canal, wide-bodied
aircraft can land and long-distance flights within the country and international flights also can be
started. For the initial expansion about 300 acres can be acquired utilising the existing facilities. Some
land available with the airport and first phase acquisition can lead to launching of works, opined
Communist Party of India (Marxist) city unit leader Ch. Babu Rao.
The Andhra Pradesh Chamber of Commerce president Mutthavarapu Murali Krishna said that he along
with like-minded people had been pressuring the State Government and had met the District Collector
regarding the price that could be offered to the farmers from whom land had to be acquired. He opined
that initiative had to come from the State Government in the form of bigger amount of grant in the
State Budget.
The Vijayawada-based LEPL Air Costa, which is likely to launch its domestic operations in South India
from Mid or End-April, would also like the airport to expand. The airport currently has hangar facility for
only seven aircraft. The Opposition parties allege that private company managing the Samshabad
Airport was also not too keen to see the Vijayawada Airport develop as that would reduce passenger
traffic from the coastal districts.
16 | P a g e

For confirmation follow the link given below.
http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/gannavaram-airport-project-hits-a-
roadblock/article4561743.ece
Vijayawada and Guntur being on either side of Krishna river is very vulnerable for flooding and
floods is a regular phenomenon added to this is its proneness to cyclones and storm surges.
cyclone and storm surges of 1976-1977 bears a testimony. There are many such cyclones which
wrought a major havoc in this region.
This region is in the Zone III of seismicity , which is vulnerable for mild to moderate earthquakes.
Vijayawada is vulnerable especially to hot waves during summer and may not offer a pleasant
weather and hence may not be a place worth settling.
The soil of this region is loose and is susceptible for soil liquification and consequently it cant
withstand the pressures of larger structures. An article published in Deccan Chronicle shall bear
the testimony.

AP.
17 | P a g e

lose-capital-race

Tirupati
Tirupati is a major pilgrimage and cultural city in the Chittoor district of India. It is located at
the foothills of the Eastern Ghats, 65 kilometres (40 mi) fromChittoor, 150 kilometres (93 mi)
from Chennai, 250 kilometres (160 mi) from Bangalore and 550 kilometres (340 mi) from the
state capital, Hyderabad. Tirupati is famous for Venkateswara Swamy temple dedicated to Lord
Venkateswara, located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north west of Tirupati in the Tirumala hills at
an elevation of 853 metres (2,799 ft). One of the most important pilgrimage centers in the
World, the temple draws millions of pilgrims and is the busiest pilgrimage center in the
world.
[2]
Tirupati has several temples and is a major economical and educational hub in the
southern region of the state.
As per 2011 census the population of Tirupati Municipal corporation is 2,87,035.

Though the temple town is well endowed with good infrastructure and a developed airport and
being near to Chennai and Bangalore is also suffering from certain drawbacks like being at an
extreme South of AP, lack of cosmopolitan outlook. Being near to two major metros also may
also lead to outsmarted by its giant neighbours. Also since it is in Rayalaseema it may be
vulnerable to factional violence.

The following are the pros for Tirupati.
1. It has a fairly developed infrastructure.
2. There is a vast scope for expansion of Tirupati around its surroundings due to availability of
non-agricultural land in its surroundings.
3. Excellent connectivity by road, rail and air to other locations in other parts of the state as
well as country.
4. Nearness to Bangalore and Chennai, this may act as a catalyst for investments in its vicinity.
5. The NTPC-BHEL Power Project and Sri City SEZ are the game-changers that are soon set to
bring Tirupati on the States industrial face.
6. Chitoor district is more industrialized than other Rayalaseema districts and has a very
conducive industrial and business environment.
7. Low violence rates compared to other Rayalaseema locations.
18 | P a g e

8. Its a spiritual, educational and medical hub of Rayalaseema.
9. Nearness to Chennai and Krishnapatnam ports.
10. It has a strong Rayalaseema political lobby.
11. Being a pilgrimage centre people generally shun off from Violence and immoral acts.
The cons of Tirupati for considering as a capital city of AP.
1. Lack of cosmopolitan outlook, though people are definitely not narrow minded. Due to
admixture of Telugu, Tamil and Kannada culture people are generally accommodative but
cosmopolitan outlook in the modern sense is lacking.
2. The infrastructure available is not adequate for making it as a capital.
3. It is in one of the backward regions of AP and local enterprise is generally missing and has to
depend mostly on outside investors. The investors may not be willing to invest for the want of
infrastructure and may shift their investments to the well developed Chennai and Bangalore
surroundings. Due to state jurisdiction problems also Tirupati may not offer an ideal investment
destination. The case in point is Chandigarh due to its proximity to Delhi failed to attract much
investments due to extreme pull factors of Delhi that repelled investments away from
Chandigarh.
4. Its location being at the far edge of AP may be a disadvantage, but with better rail and road
connectivity this problem can be sorted out.
5. Tirupati can never be considered as a complete city since overwhelmingly the citys economy
and development owes to Lord Balaji and hence creating necessary infrastructure is a costly and
time consuming process.
6. It is in the heart of Reddys stronghold and hence financially strong Kammas may oppose it as a
capital. However it is more suitable location for political capital of Seemandhra.
7. It may not find much support from the political sections from other than Rayalaseema.
8. It may be prone for factional violence once it is made as a capital.

Visakhapatnam
Visakhapatnam (sometimes spelled as Vishakhapatnam and often abbreviated to Vizag) is a port city on
the southeast coast of India and often called "The Jewel of the East Coast" . According to the 2011 India
census,
[6]
the population of Visakhapatnam in 2011 was 1,730,320, of which 875,199 were male and
855,121 were female. The sex ratio of Visakhapatnam city was 977 females per 1000 males. This is prior
to the merger of Anakapalli and Bhimili municipalities and surrounding villages. Now with a population
of 2,035,690,
[1]
and Occupying 681 square kilometres (263 sq mi),
[2]
it is the second largest city in the
state of Andhra Pradesh and the third largest city on the east coast of India (after Chennai and Kolkata).
Visakhapatnam is located 625 kilometres (388 mi) east of the state capital, Hyderabad. The city is home
to several state-owned heavy industries and a steel plant; it is one of India's largest seaports and has the
country's oldest shipyard. Visakhapatnam has the only natural harbour on the east coast of India.
19 | P a g e

This city is a natural candidate for making a capital compared to all the other cities discussed previously.
The following are the pros for considering Visakhapatnam as a capital of AP.
1. It is the only city in residual Andhra Pradesh having a fairly well developed infrastructure. With
the formation of Telangana w.e.f 2nd June 2014, the residual state of Andhra Pradesh shall start
with a deficit of Rs. 15,000 crores per annum. Central Government allocating a fund of about
Rs. 2,00,000 crores for the construction of new city from scratch is very remote in light of
experiences with Chandigarh, Bhubaneswar, Navi Raipur and Navi Ranchi. Hence, the best
option shall be to make a city which is developed and with a little further funding and can act as
a ready-made capital.
2. It is the only city in the present Andhra Pradesh and residual Andhra Pradesh state i.e. about to
be formed, having all modes of transportation i.e. air, land and sea. It is having an international
airport with connectivity to all major cities in India apart from connecting to international
destinations like Dubai and Singapore. It is the only city in A.P. having two ports. One is a major
port and the other is port developed under PPP. It is one of the busiest railway junctions with
trains connecting to every nook and corner of the country. It is on the strategic National
Highway No. 5 under golden corridor and also NH-43 connecting with Raipur and hence to
Delhi.
3. It has fairly good amount of Central Government as well as State Government establishments
and in terms of investment, it has much larger than any other district in the present Andhra
Pradesh, to name a few viz., Eastern Naval Command Headquarters, Railway division, Vizag
Steel Plant, Oil Refinery, Bhaba Atomic Research Centre, HPCL, Hindustan Ship Yard Limited,
Dredging Corporation of India, Bharat Heavy Plates & Vessels, NSTL, Navy Science and
Technology Laboratories etc.
4. It is a major industrial cluster in the present as well as residual Andhra Pradesh with about 74
major and medium scale industries and thousands of small scale industries. To name a few, it
has prestigious companies like Vizag Steel, HPCL, Rail calcling Limited, , BHPV, LG Polymers,
NTPC etc. Apart from this it has an exclusive special economic zone by name VZEZ with export
oriented units at Duvvada and Atchyutapuram.
5. It has plenty of high quality centers of higher education with three universities viz., Andhra
University, GITAM University & Indian Maritime University, about more than 30 Engineering
colleges, one medical college, many nursing colleges, numerous degree and junior colleges
along with plenty of options for different streams of education. Hence there is dearth of skilled
manpower i.e. essential for setting up of any industry or business.
6. It has a hub of medical institutions. It has one of the oldest medical colleges in India, viz.,
Andhra Medical College, which was set up in 1923 and attached to one of the oldest hospital by
name King George Hospital. Apart from this there are plenty of Government hospitals like T.B.
Hospital, ENT Hospital, Mental Hospital, L.V.Prasad Eye Hospital, Railway Hospital, INHS Kalinga
Hospital etc. There are plenty of corporate hospitals like Care, Seven Hills, NRI Hospital, Manipal
Hospital, Appollo Hospital, Indus Hospital, Vijaya Medical Centre etc. Apart from this a medical
city is being developed at Hanumanthavaka region consisting of prestigious hospital like VIMS
(Vizag Institute of Medical Sciences), Apollo Hospital, L. V. Prasad Eye Hospital etc.
7. Recently Metro Rail has been sanctioned for Rs. 4,000 crores which will surely enhance the
transport facilities already available in the city. Exclusive BRTS Corridor between Pendurthi to
RTC Complex via Gopalapatnam and the other via Adavivaram to Hanumanthavaka with a total
length of 70 kilometers of road easing traffic congestion in various parts of the city.
20 | P a g e

8. It is a hub of retail and wholesale business with plenty of business establishment as well as malls
apart from Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam is home to many huge malls and exclusive show rooms
like CMR Central, CMR Grand, Big Bazaar, Spensers, UNV, Visakhapatnam Central, Vinnis,
Reliance Fresh, More, exclusive jewelry show rooms like Joy Alukas, Jos Alukas, GRT, Khazaana,
Tanisq etc.
9. With about 20 star hotels and 200 budget hotels, it is undoubtedly a leader when it comes to
hospitality industry in Seemandhra and it has sufficient accommodation to hold any kind of
international seminars, conferences, etc. Apart from that Visakhapatnam is one of the prime
and premier tourist destinations of India with a tourist arrival of more than 1 crore per annum,
despite not being marketed properly and it is the most conducive for film industry.
10. Its pleasant weather along with cosmopolitan outlook and friendly people with one of the least
crime rates i.e. unmatched in the entire of Andhra Pradesh makes it one of the most ideal
locations for any person to settle.
11. Despite apathy from Hyderabad and having no strong leader to attract investments and
projects, Visakhapatnam is one of the fastest growing cities of the world. As such,
Visakhapatnam has many push factors which shall make it the most ideal destination for
investment in tourism, medical tourism, residential settlements, business establishments,
manufacturing units etc. due to least pull factors like negative political leadership, no organized
mafia, and along with fairly developed infrastructure.
12. Visakhapatnam has plenty of land available for future expansion like about 10,000 acres of land
available with Steel plant, 17,500 acres of reserve forest in the heart of the city once it is de-
notified can be utilized for capital development, 70,000 acres of land available with
Simhachalam Devasthanam, which is under the Ministry of Endowments, Government of
Andhra Pradesh, 10,000 acres of land available around Atchyutapuram region, 20,000 acres of
land around Sabbavaram region, 1,000 acres of Railway land, thousands of acres of land of Port
and huge amount of land in between Visakhapatnam and Vizianagaram, apart from the land of
State Government, which can be effectively utlised for development of a Capital in the process
wherein without losing any prime agricultural land unlike in Vijayawada, Guntur, Rajahmundry,
Kakinada and Ongole.
13. Visakhapatnam being Eastern Naval Command Headquarters, further since this area is being
least prone for any kind of natural disaster, shall come handy in mobilizing as well as managing
any kind of disaster like cyclones, earthquakes, floods etc which regularly frequent Andhra
Pradesh between Kakinada to Nellore.
14. Visakhapatnam Air port is the largest airport in the residential state of Andhra Pradesh with
more than 1867.5 acres of land compared to 500 acres each at Rajahmundry and Vijayawada.
Hence, it does not require any acquisition of land for further development of the airport.
Generally 600 acres of land is sufficient to develop an international airport. Best example is
Cochin International Airport and Nedumbassery with only 600 acres of land which handles
around 48 lakhs of air passenger per annum which the next only to Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore,
Hyderabad, Kolkata and Chennai with international tourists of 30 lakhs much more than even
Bangalore Kolkata and Hyderabad. As of now, the passenger arrivals at Visakhapatnam is 10.59
lakhs compared to 2.8 lakhs in TPTY and 60,000 at Vijayawada. Already international flights are
arriving and many air lines are showing interest to start their operations from Visakhapatnam.
15. Steps should be taken to hand over the airport from Naval Authorities to Airport Authority of
India as it was prior to 1985. The Navy shall shift their air base from Visakhapatnam to Rambilli
where they are about to develop their second naval base in the east coast.
21 | P a g e

16. With NTPC Simhadri Plant in the vicinity and upcoming thermal power plant of 4,000 megawatts
at Srikakulam shall cater to the needs of the teaming millions in Visakhapatnam metropolitan
region.
17. Greater Municipal Corporation of Visakhapatnam with more 600 square kilometers of area is
one of the largest municipal corporations of India in terms of area.
18. With a network of reservoirs like Meghadri Gedda, Munasaralova, Raivada, Thatipudi,
Gambhiram etc. Godavari Canal from Yeleswaram and Polavaram shall supply regular drinking
water and water for industrial growth. Hence the question of lack of water resources does not
arise.
19. Local industry is suffering due to the apathy of the State Government especially erratic power
supply, lack of provision of certain incentives despite having one of the best infrastructural,
natural and human resources due to Hyderabad centric development. Now since Hyderabad is
no more with the state Visakhapatnam shall see the light of the day and shall act as the
strongest driving force of resurgent Andhra Pradesh.
20. Visakhapatnam has never witnessed any sectarian clashes like communal clashes, caste clashes,
clash between the rich and the poor. People with cosmopolitan outlook and friendly nature will
welcome any kind of people to this particular city.
21. Unlike places like Guntur, Vijayawada, Rajahmundry, Kakinada, Ongole, etc, Visakhapatnam is
one of the best geological climatic conditions and its soil is suitable for any kind of heavy
structures and it does not suffer from loose soil, soil liquefaction, cyclones, seismic activities
etc. unlike Krishna, Godavari belt and entire coastal region minus Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram
and Srikakulam. Hence construction of heavy structures required for a capital is the safest at
Visakhapatnam compared to any other location in Andhra Pradesh.
22. Its port is the safest, deepest and the only natural harbor in the country making it as an ideal
location for becoming a transshipment hub west of Singapore and since Indias share in
international trade is increasing rapidly, importance of Vizag in time to come shall increase. In
Vizag the deep sea is hardly one Km away from the port whereas in other ports they have to
travel a minimum distance of nothing less than 50 km to reach the deep sea and hence they
cant handle bigger ships. Only Vizag port and Gangavaram port can handly ships as large as
300,000 DWT. Hence in time to come Vizag shall emerge as the transshipment hub and a mega
logistics cluster. This in turn attracts huge investments into logistics, heavy industries, electrical,
electronics, oil, metallurgy industries, etc.
23. Industrial relations in all the industries are very cordial and hence there shall be no problems in
attracting investments in this location.
24. It is strategically located at the center point of the east coast of India. It is connected with the
rich mineral belt of Central India as well as agricultural wealth of AP.
25. With the industry and trade shifting towards China, South East Asia and East Asia,
Visakhapatnam is the natural choice for future industrial or trade expansion.
26. Since it is not repulsive destination for both Delta region and Rayalaseema its an ideal place to
be a capital. This place is free from factional violence, crime and communal conflicts make it a
numero uno choice for Capital city.
27. On numerous occasions many foreign business delegates who have visited Visakhapatnam have
shown interest in setting up businesses in Visakhapatnam. However due to apathy from the
rulers at Hyderabad it didnt receive its due share. With the division of the state Visakhapatnam
as a capital shall catapult investments in the region.
22 | P a g e

Cons:
Basically there are no strong cons against it. However since many people perceive it I shall quote few
and also give you the reasons why they are not strong arguments.
1. It is not at the center of the state. Even Chennai, Bangalore, Trivandrum, Mumbai, Kolkata, etc
are on one corner of their state. Even present Hyderabad is on the North Western corner of AP.
This can be addressed by providing train connectivity to Rayalaseema region. All the
experiments to set up a capital at central location failed just because its at the center of a state
region or country. The best example was that of Mohammad bin Tughlaq shifting his capital
from Delhi to centrally located place Daulatabad. It led to severe hardship to the people and loss
of men, capital and time and later he had to abandon it and returned back to Delhi.
2. Lack of strong local political leaders, since last 25 years locals were never had a chance to fill in
the political space. Its only a matter of giving a chance this can be nurtured as well. However
this is not a strong ground to say against it. Further everyone has a chance to grow since there is
no strong negative political leadership.
3. Making capital shall make this city spoil and be vulnerable for political turmoil. This is true for all
places but not only for Vizag. However, making it a capital shall make it get what it is due and is
best for rest of AP as well as the country.
Do AP Need a New Capital built from Scratch ?
This thought is very much prevalent in the minds of the leaders of major political parties like
Chandrababu Naidu and Jaganmohan Reddy, who on many occasions flouted a concept of building a
new city like that of Singapore. The following are the pros and cons of building a new city from scratch.
PROS:
1. Building a city from scratch has the advantages of choosing best location suitable for development
basing on Geographical location, Geological conditions, proneness for natural hazards, natural forest
cover, recreation, etc.
2. It shall be planned properly by taking into account its future growth. Proper roads, buildings, offices,
parks, etc can be planned properly by taking into aesthetics and finer principles of town planning.
3. New city shall be devoid of problems of the old cities like traffic congestion, slums, haphazard growth,
lack of future growth potential, land litigations, etc.
CONS:
1. With an annual budget deficit of about Rs. 25,000 crores in the Residual state of AP developing a
new city shall eat away a lot of time, money and other resources. Further, as per section 94(3)
the AP reorganization Act, 2014, "The Central Government shall provide special financial
support for the creation of essential facilities in the new capital of the successor State of
Andhra Pradesh including the Raj Bhawan, High Court, Government Secretariat, Legislative
23 | P a g e

Assembly, Legislative Council, and such other essential infrastructure". And as per item no. 11
of infrastructure in the Thirteenth Schedule further states that "The Central Government shall
take measures to establish rapid rail and road connectivity from the new capital of the
successor State of Andhra Pradesh to Hyderabad and other important cities of Telangana".
From these provisions it's clear that the Central government shall bear the burden of the
expenditure on creation of new Capital in residual Andhra Pradesh. As of 2013-14, the fiscal
deficit of Central government in April-February FY2014 is pegged at 5.3% of GDP which
translates to Rs 5,99,199 crores as per the latest report published by Citigroup. According to the
report the fiscal deficit was 114.3% of the target which is due to increase in expenditure and
shortfall of revenues. In years to come it shall be even more worse with the implementation of
7th Central Pay Commission. Hence, central government is in a compulsion of identifying a city
where the infrastructure is ready and with little investment the issue of capital should be solved.
2. The Telangana debacle unleashed the genie of small states which were dormant since 2000
when NDA government created three new states viz. Chattisgarh, Jharkhand and Uttaranchal.
Now there are vociferous demands for creation of new states like Bodoland, Gorkhaland,
Vidharba, etc. Mayawati Government in UP had passed a resolution for splitting UP into four
new states. Now with predictions that NDA government is likely to form the government which
favours creation of new states the Central government shall be hard pressed for financial
resources and hence setting up a new capital is a burden of Central exchequer.
3. The amount required to set up infrastructure in new capital from scratch may cost anything
between Rs 1,00,000 crores to 4,00,000 crores and this expenditure is a wasteful expenditure
whose returns to the state or Central Government is under suspect. In AP cities like
Visakhapatnam is already having all the ingredients for setting up a capital along with land for
expansion. Visakhapatnam is better than all state capital cities except metro cities and there is
no point spending money unnecessarily on building a new capital from scratch.
4. Building a new capital is time consuming and burdensome. The time lost in building a capital
shall mean loss of opportunities for the state of AP. Generally in a developing country like India
we hardly have a world class city, attracting investment needs excellent infrastructure and
connectivity and if we create a new capital there shall be loss of investment opportunities for AP
to destinations like Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Chennai, Pune and Kochi.
Hence an existing city like Visakhapatnam which has all the ingredients for making a capital
needs to be made as a capital so that it can attract investments.
5. Recently in AP certain real estate vested interest groups which are into active politics and some
of them are powerful politicians are making a mess of new capital by citing towns/villages like
Ongole, Dhonakonda, Macherla, Mangalagiri, Nagarjuna Sagar, etc as future capitals by
releasing paid articles into newspapers and fooling the people while they are making money at
the cost of common man. These vested interest groups are propagating new, illogical, irrational
and unwanted theories about location of the state which shall go against the state as well as
public at large. If these views are subscribed to then it shall cost the larger sections of
population while small section of vested interests shall thrive on it and this shall be suicidal.
6. Now it's time for AP as well as to the center to take a wise decision based on the true merits of
each location and this wise decision shall provide opportunities for the generations to come or
else the future generations shall blame us for the blunders we commit for our myopic and
vested interests. After all we abode this beautiful planet between our birth and death. Let the
dwellers of AP get a fair deal!

WHAT SHALL BE AND WHERE SHALL BE THE FUTURE AP TO BE SET UP?
24 | P a g e

Since the development model of the existing AP is Hyderabad centric and now that the planners may
not commit the similar mistake they may plan for two administrative cities and decentralize the
development efforts. The two capitals one Political and the other investment capital and they both
should be set up in backward Rayalaseema and Uttarandhra respectively since these regions are strong
in their respective areas.

Administrative city 1- A Case for Rayalaseema
Rayalassema always remained as hotbed of AP politics this is the region that produced many chief
Ministers ever since the inception of Andhra state and its successor state of Andhra Pradesh like N.
Sanjeeva Reddy, D. Sanjeeviah, K. Vijay Bhaskara Reddy, N. Chandrababu Naidu, Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy
and N. Kiran Kumar Reddy and the future CM's of residual state of AP be it Y.S. Jaganamohan Reddy or
Nara Chandrababu Naidu both belong to Rayalaseema. In future times to come the future CM's of AP
shall be from this region due to peculiar environmental conditions in Rayalaseema which produces
natural leaders. Hence setting up a political capital with Assembly, Rajbhavan and secretariat in
Rayalaseema would be a natural choice than setting up the same in Coastal AP.

There are three major choices, they are Tirupati, Kurnool and Kadapa since all three are equally
competent.

Since I have less information on these locations I shall leave this to the committee.

Administrative city-2- A case for Uttarandhra

In Uttarandhra the city of Visakhapatnam being the largest city is home to many large industrial and
government establishments and is strategically located at the centre of the East Coast of India where
there is future since the world's growth is focused in South East and East Asia. Since 1991, when Indian
economy was opened up, Visakhapatnam attracted many investment proposals which hadn't seen the
light of the day since the AP state government is excessively obsessed with Hyderabad centric growth
and since Hyderabad is now no more with Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatnam region shall get its due. A
very unfortunate part is that though Visakhapatnam is a more deserving place due to lack of strong
leaders and apathy from leaders and people of other regions of AP its getting its due. Committee may
look into all aspects of all the cities and take a proper assessment based of the strengths and
weaknesses of each location rather than becoming hand and glove with real estate lobbies.

Coming to setting up a capital Visakhapatnam is an ideal location since it has all the ingredients of a
capital. The following are the details of those ingredients.
Infrastructure Description
Airport International airport in 1867.5 acres area with 10.37 lakh passenger
movements (including 54,552 international passengers)
Destinations ( Delhi, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Raipur, Kochi,
Bhubaneswar, Jammu, Dubai/sharjah and Singapore)
Aircraft operators (Air India, Jet airways, Indigo, spicejet, Air costa and Silk air)
Future destinations (Sharjah, Colombo and Kaulalampur)
Future aircraft operators (Air Arabia, Srilankan Airlines and Air Asia)
Zoological gardens Indira Gandhi Zoological gardens (625 acres) with about 80 species of
25 | P a g e

different animals. It is in a natural forest with water bodies, hills and is thickly
forested ( 5km away from city center)
National Park Kambalakonda National park (70.70 sq kms) UNIQUENESS: A large and
sprawling greenery around the Vizag City harbouring diverse flora & fauna.
FLORA: Dry evergreen forest mixed with scrub and meadows. Terrain hilly
with steep slopes.
FAUNA: Panthers, Spotted Deers, Sambar, Barking Deer, Wild Boar, Jackal,
Wild Dog etc.
Located opposite Zoo park
Parks VUDA park (largest park opposite sea beach with musical fountain, boat
house, skating ring, etc) Shivaji park, Array of parks on Beach road, Tenneti
park, Terrace park in Rushikonda, YSR Park, Kailashagiri (unique attraction of
Vizag, the only park in India opposite sea on Hilltop with a toy train and a
ropeway), Yarada, Bheemili, Nehru park, Indira park, Mudasarlova park,
Visakha Jala Udyanavanam and many more small parks in the residential
colonies
Water bodies Bay of Bengal, Mudsarlova reservoir, Gambeeram reservoir, Thatipudi
reservoir, Meghadrigedda reservoir, Kaniti Reservoir, Raiwada reservoir,
Kambalakonda lake, Kondakarla ava lake, and many minor water bodies
Water sports Aqua sports complex with Olympic size swimming pool, Railways is also
constructing an Olympic size stadiums, each Public sector unit has its own
swimming pools, speed boating at Rushikonda, Sea boat riding organized by
APTDC at fishing harbour. It's ideal for sailing, yatching, surfing and other
water sports
Stadiums Visakhapatnam has no dearth of stadiums. Apart from sports bodies like ACA,
Municipal Corporations, etc due to presence of large public sector
establishments like Railways, defense, BHPV, Steel Plant, Vizag Port, etc there
are plenty of sporting facilities and is a heaven for sports lovers.
YSR international cricket stadium (45,000 seating capacity many IPL
and international matches were played and recently it got test playing
status as well),
Railway stadium,
Port stadium, Municipal stadium,
Steel plant stadium,
Swarna bharati Indoor stadium, Mini railway indoor stadium,
AU cricket grounds, AU has many sporting complexes like Tennis,
Volleyball, basketball, etc.
Many tennis courts (clay, astro turf and hard courts),
Port, Steel plant and Shivaji hockey stadium.
Foot ball grounds are Indirapriyadarsini stadium, Railway stadium
(exclusive football stadium is under construction), YSR international
stadium, Steel plant stadium, etc
Sunray Village-
Recreation and
entertainments
Varun's Inox, CMR inox, Reliance Inox, Jagadamba complex, about 40
movie theatres are there in and around the city,
Entire beach front from Coastal battery to Bheemunipatnam is an
exclusive recreation zone (Vizag-Bheemili beach road is in fact the
26 | P a g e

longest beach road in India),
India's largest go-karting track is in Visakhapatnam at
Mangamaripeta,
As mentioned in Parks - parks like VUDA park, Kailashagiri,
Rushikonda, Yarada, etc forms exclusive recreation and
entertainment zone
India's only Submarine museum
AP's only aquarium (about 80 species of rare fish)
Visakhapatnam Museum (Exclusive naval museum)
CMR, Varun and Reliance malls have exclusive video entertainment
zones
Agri gold Beach resort at Yarada
Water sports at Rushikonda
Navy mela in November-December
Red sandhills also known as Bhimili gullys
speed boating, snorliking and shooting ranges at Rushikonda
sunray village
East point Golf Club, Mudsarlova
Shopping malls Big Bazaar, Spensers, CMR central, Visakhapatnam Central, Men.com, UNV,
Vinneys, CMR, Reliance shopping mall, Chermas, etc.
Exclusive brands like Nike, Rebook, Adiddas, Pantaloons, Allen Solley,
Raymonds, Hirawats, Mafatlal, Vimal, Bata, etc
Jewellery show rooms- Vaibhav, Joy Allukkas, Jose Allukkas, Mohammad
Khan, CMR grand, GRT, Malabar Gold, Keerthilals, etc
Mobiles and Electronics- Many showrooms in Dwarakanagar, Dondaparti and
Dabagardens
Retail Outlets There are plenty of retail outlets catering to the entire city ranging from
groceries, cosmetics, hardware, electricals to costly electronics and cars
Universities Andhra University ( It is the oldest and premier institute and is rated as A
category institute, which is setup in1926)
GITAM University ( Private deemed university)
Indian Maritime University has a campus in Visakhapatnam
AP University of Law
IGNOU- Regional center
Annamalai University-Study center
Sree Venkateswara University DDE- Study center
Dr. B.R. Amdedkar Open University- Study center
Amity University- Study center
ICFAI University- Study center
Bharatiyar University-Study center
Madras University-study center
And many other universities distance mode education study centers are in
Visakhapatnam
Statutory educational
bodies
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India- Vizag chapter
Institute of Cost and management accountant of India- Visakhapatnam
chapter and Ukkunagaram Chapters
Associate Membership of Institute of Engineers- Visakhapatnam Chapter
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Institute of Company Secretaries of India- Visakhapatnam Chapter
National Institute of Open Schooling - Visakhapatnam chapter
Residential complexes In present AP Visakhapatnam is next only to Hyderabad in terms of availability
of residential of residential housing units reputed Indian and International
players like Jurong, Indiabulls, Omexe, Shriram properties etc have their
presence in Visakhapatnam. In government sector VUDA and AP state
government is in construction sector making available high quality housing
projects at affordable prices
Road network Visakhapatnam city has very wide and good network of roads connecting
different parts of city as well as country. NH-5 and NH-43 provide connectivity
with other parts of the country apart from this there are many state and
District roads that connect the city with other parts of the state. In residual AP
Visakhapatnam is the only city that offers excellent city roads with exclusive
BRTS track of 70Kms connecting various parts of the city.
Public Transportation Plenty of city buses run by APSRTC, private autos and taxis provide public
transportation. Metro project worth Rs. 5000 crores is sanctioned (details
given below).
Engineer Colleges 1. Al-Aman College of Engineering
2. Al-Ameer College of Engineering & I.T.
3. Amaksik College Of Technology Mgmt
4. Andhra University College of Engineering
5. Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology & Science
6. AU College of Engineering for Women
7. Avanthi Institute of Engineering & Technology
8. BABA INST OF TECH AND SCIENCES
9. Chaitanya Engineering College
10. Dadi Institute of Engineering & Technology
11. Dr L Bullaiah College Of Engineering For Women
12. G V P COLLEGE FOR DEGREE AND PG COURSES
13. Gandi Institute of Technology & Management
12. Gayathri Vidya Parishad (GVP) College of Engineering
13. Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering For Women
14. Gonna Institute of Information Technology & Sciences
15. INDO AMERICAN INSTITUTIONS TECH CAMPUS
16. Kaushik College of Engineering
17. Nightingale Engineering College (Women)
18. Pydah College of Engineering & Technology
19. Raghu Engineering College
20. Raghu institute of Technology
21. SAI GANAPATHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
22. Sankethika Institute of Technolgy & Management
23. Simhadri Educational Society Group of Institutions
24. Sankethika Vidya Parishad Engineering College
25. Sri Chaitanya Engineering College
26. Varaha Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Educational Trust's Group of Institutions
27. Vignans Institute of Engineering For Women
28. Vignans Institute of Info. Technology
29. Visaka Engineering College
30. Visakha Institute of Engineering & Technology
31. Visakha Institute of Engineering & Technology
32. Visakha Institute of Technology & Science (VITS)
33. VISAKHA TECHNICAL CAMPUS
34. Viswanadha Institute of Technology & Mngt(VITAM)
35. Vizag Institute of Technology
36. WELLFARE INST OF SCIENCE TECH AND MGMT

28 | P a g e

Hospitals and Medical
institutions
The list is exhaustive and it includes only the reputed hospitals only.
King George Hospital setup in 1909
Andhra Medical college set in 1923 (oldest in AP)
INHS Kalyani,
Port hospital
Railway hospital
Steel plant hospital
TB Hospital
Government ENT hospital
Government Eye hospital
Seven Hills hospital
Apollo hospital
CARE hospital
Lazareus hospital
Manipal Hospital
Indus Hospital
Visakha Institute of Paramedicals
LV Prasad Eye Hospital
Tata Memorial Cancer Hospital
Siddharha School of Nursing & Medical Technology
Santhi School of Lab Technician Training Course
Sri Chaitanya School of Para Medical Sciences
Beulah Institute of Health Sciences
Pavani Multipurpose Medical & Health Training Society
Vizag Health & Educational Society
Mahalaxmi Educational Society
Yashoda Krishna Institute of Para Medical Sciences
Siddharha School of Nursing & Medical Technology
Ravi Sankar Educational Society
Vizag Institute of Para Medical Sciences
Doctors Charak School of Para Medical Sciences
Pavani Institute of Multipurpose Handicapped & Spastics
(PIMHAMS)
Dr. Steel City Educational Society Institute
AN Beach Hospital
Amrutha Nursing Home
Nikitha Hospital
ABC Hospital
Abhaya Hospital
Amrutha Nursing Home
Annapoorna Hospital
Anupama Surgical & Children Hospital
Apex Hospital
Apoorva Hospital
29 | P a g e

Aradhana Hospital
Arif Nursing Home
Arogya Hospital
Bharadwaj Hospital
Bharathi Hospital
Krishna Hospital & IVF Clinic
Krishna Veni Hospital
Waltair Multicare Hospital & Divya Sai Poly Clinic
Prema ( Subham Prema ) Hospital
Visakha Childrens Hospital
Visakha Eye Hospital
Visakha ENT Hospital
Heritage and historical
sites
Buddhist Sites- Thotlakonda, Bhavikonda, Pavuralakonda,
Bojjannakonda, Lingalakonda, Salihundam
Jain Sites- Ramathirthalu
Temples- Simhachalam, Annavaram, Draksharamam, Sri Kurmam,
Arasavalli, Appikonda, Pandurangaswami, Venkateswara temple, Sri
Kanakamahalaxmi , Gangavaram, Sagaradurgam
Churches- Ross Mary Church, Roman Cahollic Church (oldest church in
the coramandal coast), Rakshanagiri
Mosque- Ishq Madina church
Maharaja palace- Vizianagaram
Port
Town hall
East Point Rest House of Railways
Jagadamba Cemetery
Dutch cemetery, Bheemunipatnam
Hawa Mahal
Maharaja Kurupam's memorial
Old Dutch bungalows at Bheemunipatnam
KGH, St. Alloysius school, AVN college, Andhra University
Tourist attractions beaches- RK beach, Lawsons bay, Beach park, Sagarnagar, Yarada,
Appikonda, Tantidi, Revupolavaram, Bheemili, Rushikonda,
Chintapalli, Gangavaram
Hill stations- Araku, Anantagiri, Tyda, Borra caves(limestone caves),
Chintapalli, Paderu, Lambasingi,
Waterfalls- Ketaki, Duduma, Chaparayi, Chitrakoot,
Parks- VUDA park, Rushikonda, Kailashgiri, Padmapuram Gardens,
ASR Gardens, Mudasarlova, Shivaji, Thotlakonda
Resorts- Sai Priya, Punnami resorts-Rushikonda, Bay park, Agrigold
resort-Yarada, Senora resort- Sagarnagar, Tyda-Jungle bells
Sunray Village sea beach resort (Golf, Stadium, Aquarium, Swimming
pool, etc)
Dolphins cove
Light house
Museums- Visakha museum, Submarine museum, Tribal museum at
30 | P a g e

Araku
Inland water bodies- Mudasarlova, Kaniti reservoir, Gambheeram,
Megadrigedda, Thatipudi, Raiwada
Hydroelectric projects- Sileru, Machkund
Industrial tourism- Vizag steel plant, HPCL, Vizag and Gangavaram
ports, Railways, NTPC-Parawada, Eastern Naval command, LG
polymers, Andhra cements, VSEZ, SEZ Atchutapuram, Rain Calcling
Ltd, Andhra Petrochemicals, Visakha Container terminal, Dredging
Corporation, BHPV, Hindustan Shipyard Ltd., etc.
Medical tourism- Care hospital, KGH, VIMS, Appollo Hospital, Lazareus
Hospital, Seven Hills hospital, Gandhi Cancer hospital, LV Prasad eye
hospital, Sankar eye foundation, TB hospital, Government Mental
Hospital, Maryland Hospital, Gosha Hospital, NRI hospital, Manipal
Hospital, Visakha eye hospital, INHS Kalyani, Railway hospital, etc,.
Trekking - Tyda and Eastern Ghat hill trekking
Go karting- Mangamaripeta-largest in India
Hotels About 20 star hotels and about 200 budget hotels make
Visakhapatnam as the third largest hotel and hospitality industry hub
on the East Coast of India next only to Kolkata and Chennai. Already
Visakhapatnam has emerged as MICE hub and in time to come shall
emerge as one of the leading MICE hub in India.
The star hotels include.
Novotel (*****)
Four Points Sheraton (*****)
The Park (*****)
The Gateway (formerly Taj Residency) (*****)
Dolphin (****)
Fortune Inn(****)
Green Park (****)
Grand Bay (****)
BezKrishna (****)
Sea Green(***)
Budhil Park (***)
Dasapalla (***)
Palm beach(***)
Meghalaya
Royal Fort
Punnami resorts
Sai Priya resorts
Senora Resort
Bay leaf Resort
Dwaraka Inn
Talasila
Sunray Village reort
Tyda Jungle bells

31 | P a g e

Libraries AU library
District Central Library
Port Library
GITAM library
Government Regional Library
RK Mission
British Council
Visakhapatnam Public Library Society
Guest Houses Government Circuit house
Railway Rest Houses
Port Guest houses
HPCL Guest house
Customs Guest Houses
Steel plant guest house
Police Guest houses
AU Golden Jubilee guest house
Convention centers Novotel hotel 1200 capacity
VUDA international convention center (Under construction)
AU Convention centre
Steel plant Convention center
Gurazada Kala Kshetram (3000 seat capacity open air auditorium)
Port Convention center (1500 seat capacity)
Kala Bharati (1000 seat capacity)
Swarnabharati Indoor stadium
Silparamam Jatara Convention center (1000 capacity) (under
construction)
Punnami resorts (800 seat capacity)
All star hotels have space for convention centers
Conference Halls There are plenty in the city. Almost all major hotels and major
establishments have them so there is no problem.
Ports and logistics Visakhapatnam port is 3rd largest port in India
Gangavaram port deepest port in India
Visakha Container terminal 3rd largest in India
two ICD's one of CONCOR is under development
many warehouses and logistics parks
Visakhapatnam is one of the fastest emerging logistic hubs in India

Schools Plenty of Schools having three syllabuses -State , CBSE and ICSE
few of the reputed schools include
Visakha Valley School
Sainikh School
Kendriya Vidyalayas
Navodaya Schools
St. Alloysus
St. Antony's
St. Joseph
32 | P a g e

Delhi Public School
Timpany
Markets Rytu Bazaars -Atleast 20 around the city
Poorna Market
Kurupam market
Kancharapalem market
Marripalem market
Spencers
Reliance Fresh
More
Karachiwalas
Numerous markets, restaurants, Food courts

Geological stability It is one of the most geologically stable location. Due to this geological
stability, 1.33 Million Ton capacity underground Cavern is located at
Visakhapatnam. Visakhapatnam is the only place in the entire east
coast to have such a cavern.
Natural hazards Though it is in the Cyclonic zone due it its peculiar topography with
solid hills across the sea shields it from the intensity of cyclone and
due to moderating effect of air and temperature cycles the intensity
of cyclonic circulation gets reduced and the destruction is very
limited. The North side of Simhachalam Hill range is literally shielded
from any Cyclones. The same is true for areas beyond Kambalakonda
Range.
It is in Zone II of Seismic activity which is not much vulnerable for
major earthquakes.
Floods certain low lying places like Airport surroundings and few low
lying areas in the city are vulnerable. However in the recent past it
has never seen any major flooding.
Tsunamis and Storm surges: Due to relatively higher elevations
surrounding coast the destructive waves could not breach into the
city and hence is one of the safest location on the entire east coast.

Water availability There is no water scarcity due to presence of many reservoirs
surrounding the city and also Yeleswaram and Polavaram projects
shall supply the much needed water to the city dwellers.

Metro Rail
A Metro Rail Project has also been planned by GVMC to arrest chaotic traffic condition on the streets...
Corridors of Proposed Metro Rail
A project proposal submitted by the GVMC to the Ministry of Urban Transport for Metro Rail project has
identified four corridors for mass rapid transit (MRT).
The four are on the
33 | P a g e

1. National Highway from Maddilapalem to NAD Junction (10 km);
2. The railway station to Gajuwaka via Scindia (14.73 km),
3. Tagarapuvalasa to Hanumanthavaka on the highway (14 km) and
4. NAD Junction to Gajuwaka (8.5 km).

MRT CORRIDORS OF VIZAG
After the proposal was submitted by the GVMC in February 2014, the Urban Transport Department gave
in-principle approval for going ahead with feasibility studies and DPR. The GVMC now has to select
consultants for it.
The GVMC has proposed to take up feasibility study on the four corridors and to finalise one metro
corridor for a length of 25 km in the first phase to prepare a detailed project report at a cost of Rs.1.6
crore. The cost is footed equally by the State and Central Governments.
Municipal Commissioner vinod said on 24 March 2014 that the Central Government promised to foot 90
per cent of the cost of projects in Residual Andhra Pradesh as a part of the bifurcation package and
Metro would qualify for such funding. Recently, the Chief Secretary had asked for details of the Metro
project.
The four corridors have been identified based on a detailed study under the United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP) that prepared Low Carbon Mobility Plan with comprehensive mobility plan and
suggesting integrated transport solutions.
The plan says that that future central business districts (CBDs) will be in Gajuwaka, Pendurti and
Madhurawada and transport axes will be along these growth corridors.
Earlier, in 2009 the Swedish Institute for Public Administration has conducted a review of Urban Transport
Sector and suggested a plan for integrated urban transport solutions. It estimated that travel demand
34 | P a g e

would increase from two million motorised trips per day to almost four million trips by 2021. As of now the
city has two Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) on Pendurti and Simhachalam corridors. Experts are of
the view that depending on the population and spread the city requires a support transport for mass rapid
transit systems to provide last mile connectivity.

Visakhapatnam as Administrative city 2
As per the above discussion it is very clear that Visakhapatnam has all the ingredients of becoming a
capital city. However, in light of the debacle of Hyderabad-centric (Capital centric) growth, the
administrators as well as the policy makers are of the opinion that in order to ensure a balanced regional
development AP badly needs two administrative units that shall decentralize the administration and
ensure overall development by making two cities from backward Uttarandhra and Rayalaseema regions.
This city fulfill all the criteria setup by the committee. However, the only drawback is lack of strong
political lobby. If you see it in the other way round it is much easier for planners and executives to go
ahead with their plans here in Visakhapatnam due to weak local leaders. Also one point is worth
mentioning here, if capital is setup in Visakhapatnam, which is the ideal location in AP since, Central
Government has to spend very few amount and the rest amount otherwise would have been spent on
other locations can be saved and the same can be used for some other useful planned expenditure.
I shall give you some glimpses of the city its topography and spatial development pattern. In the map
given below the land usage of the area falling under Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation is
given along with blue line demarcating the proposed capital territory. The site is near to the city and is
surrounded by Simhachalam Hill range and Kambalakonda hill range. This territory is shielded from
cyclones, floods, tsunamis and also from any other natural disaster. This area is adjoining city along with
200' BRTS corridor with scanty population and in a picturesque lush green valley with water bodies like
Mudasarlova and Gambeeram. This location can be touted as one of the greenest locations in AP. This
area is well connected with the city by various roads and VUDA has a master plan to construct 200'
roads and 320' NH-5 bypass highway.
The capital shall consists of the following regions
1. Mudasarlova region
2. Adavivaram
3. Dabbanda
4. Sontyam
5. Kambalakonda reserve forest
6. Gambheeram
7. Shambuvanipalem
8. Gidajala
9. Gudilova
10. Duvvapalem-Juttada

35 | P a g e

Since on the South a 16Km Simhachalam hill range acts as a natural frontier and hence two tunnels are
required one at Narasimhanagar-Mudasarlova about 2kms road (1.5 km tunnel) should be constructing
excavating a tunnel which shall reduce the distance shall be reduced by 10 km to Railway station and
core of the city. As of now this place is around 15 kms from the city. Similarly for airport connectivity
about 3km tunnel at Madhavadhara-Simhachalam needs to be constructed shall reduce the distance to
airport by more than 6 Kms. This shall make this location connect with the city core. Already since BRTS
is existing in this region what is needed is the Metro connectivity. As of now the metro corridor is from
Tagarapuvalasa to Hanumantavaka. This can be extended to capital region from Hanumantavaka and Via
two tunnels it can be connected to Railway station and airport with less effort and expenditure.

36 | P a g e

LAND USAGE IN GREATER VISAKHAPATNAM MUNICIPAL CORPORATION IN THE YEAR 2010

Sl. No. Land usage 2010

Area
occupied
(sq.km)
Area in
acres
%age of
area
occupied
Net
change
over 1998

1 Airport 7.47 1867.5 1.2 0.11

2 Beach sand 2.56 640 0.41 -0.03

3 Built up land 145.52 36380 23.41 12.33

4 Fallow land 38.85 9712.5 6.25 -6.62

5 Forest area 165.51 41377.5 18.34 -9.61

6 Harbour 2.32 580 0.37 0

7 Industrial area 51.75 12937.5 8.32 1.84

8 Plantation 67.56 16890 10.87 0.45

9 Recreational area 10.89 2722.5 1.75 0.12

10 Salt Pans 13.13 3282.5 2.11 -0.57

11 Scrub land 97.99 24497.5 15.76 -1.84

12 Water body 8.18 2045 1.31 -0.18

13 Water logged area 9.79 2447.5 1.57 3.6

Total 621.52 155380

From the above table we get a glimpse of the land usage pattern in GVMC region. Out of 1,55,380 acres
of land about 41,377.5 acres, 9,712.5 acres, 16,890 acres and 24,497.5 acres of land is available as forest
land, fallow land , plantation area, scrub land respectively. Hence about 92,477.5 acres of land within
GVMC is available for expansion which is much higher than 25,000 acres required for a capital city. This
area doesn't include area outside GVMC region which may be nothing less than 10,000 acres. The area
demarcated has about 17,550 acres of land as forest land and almost to the equal extent land is with
Simhachalam devastanam land. As of now in Visakhapatnam city most of the Simhachalam devastatnam
lands are under encroachments and hence capital development shall put this land to proper use and
shall avert it from being encroached by land sharks.

Finally, to conclude, Visakhapatnam is the only natural choice to become new capital of AP. Since
now the mantra is decentralization of capital the second alternative can be Kurnool/Tirupati/Kadapa.

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1 | P a g e

MAKING VISAKHAPATNAM AND

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